Nomination for Fairfield County Children's Home

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

RECEIVED 2280 NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. Aug. 2002) (Expires Jan. 2005) NOV 07 2008 - United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NAT. REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in How to documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional entries and narrative items on continuation sheets (NPS Form 10-900a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer, to complete all items. 1. Name of Property historic name Fairfield County Children's Home other names/site number 2. Location street & number 1743 E.

Main Street - not for publication N/A city or town state Ohio code OH county 045 zip code_43130 3. State/Federal Agency Certification Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property_ Xmeets _nationally - statewide locally. (See continuation sheet for additional comments.) Dept.

Head Inventory & Registration October 31,2008 Signature of certifying official Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society State or Federal Agency or Tribal government In my opinion, the property _ Signature of commenting or other official State or Federal agency and bureau code Lancaster Date vicinity additional comments.) Fairfield marking"x"in the appropriate boxor by entering the information requested.lf any item does not apply to the property being request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National - meets nomination USDI/NPS Registration Form Page 2 Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio 4.

National Park Service Certification 1, hereby certify that this property is: _entered in the National Register determined not eligible for the removed from the National Register other (explain): Signature of Keeper Date of Action 5. Classification Ownership of Property(Check as many boxes as apply) X private - public-local . public-State Category of Property (Check only one box) _buildings X district _Site _ structure _objects Number of Resources within Property Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register0 Total National Register See continuation sheet. _public-Federal Name of related multiple property listing (Enter "N/A" if property is not part of a multiple property listing.) Noncontributing USDI/NPS Registration Form Page 3 Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio 6.

Function or Use Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions) Cat: _ Agricultural Field, Animal Facility Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions) Sub: Business Office, Organizational 7. Description Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions) Late Victorian: Renaissance Revival Mid-19th Century: Greek Revival Late Victorian: Italianate Materials (Enter categories from instructions) Slate, Asphalt Brick, Limestone Weatherboard, Ceramic Tile Narrative Description (Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or more other roof Sandstone continuation sheets.) Commerce/Trade Domestic walls Social Sub: Civic Agriculture/Subsistence foundation Agricultural Outbuilding Institutional Housing NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio Section 7 Page 1 Located along E. Main Street, also U.S. 22, the Fairfield County Children's Home is at the eastern edge of Lancaster two miles from the county courthouse. The 25-acre property is comprised of the main 1886 building with additions and dramatically into a wooded hillside. The district is in a mixed semi-rural and suburban setting. A mid 20 century shopping center is directly across E. Main Street. The three-story brick Fairfield County Children's Home was constructed from 1883-1886. An existing house was on the property and the two were joined with a hyphen during construction of the main building or shortly thereafter. (See residence.

(Photos 1, 3-4) projecting central pavilion, differing lintel types, bracketed cornice, and tall narrow windows are characteristics of the Renaissance Revival style. The use of stained glass in the upper sash of the second and third story windows introduces a characteristic of the Queen Anne style. (Photo 20) Some windows on the main building have been covered with plywood, but a majority of the original windows are intact. The seven-bay, front façade is symmetrical with the central three-bay section projecting outward slightly. The center a battlemented base and parapet with finial at the top. Within this projecting bay are a stained-glass, arched attic window on the second and third floors have large flat stone lintels. The Children's Home measures roughly 81 x 55 feet and rests on a raised stone foundation.

Stringcourses are above the first floor and below both the second and third story windows. The first floor windows have flat stone lintels. The second and third story windows have broken pediment lintels with carved brackets. Stringcourses are also at the base of the lintel brackets on the second and third stories. The cornice is bracketed and the crest of the Mansard roof has a row of modillions. The east and west side elevations contain the same fenestration pattern and central projecting bay as the front façade. the west side elevation. The rear elevation is less ornate than the other elevations having only flat lintels on all floors and just the first floor stringcourse. (Photos 16-18) However it does have the same Queen Anne type windows.

Emergency exit doors with (8-86) Narrative Description with keystones and a segmental arch with keystones capping the paired windows at the third story. The paired windows seven other associated buildings. To the east of the Children's Home within the nominated boundary is a recycling Children's Home Attachment A) The house was subsequently used as administrative offices for the Home and as the superintendent's The main brick building is predominantly Renaissance Revival in style. (Photos 2-5) The symmetrical façade with facility in a modern metal building (noncontributing). To the north of the nominated property the landscape rises (Photos5,8) Historically entrances to the building were from the hyphen connecting to the house and through doors on NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio Section 7 Page 2 fire escape stairs are located at the second and third floors near both ends of the building. Centered on the rear elevation east and 2-over-2 windows with flat stone lintels and sills. The 1899 Sanborn Map indicates that a one-story addition providing for an engine room was constructed on the east side of the rear wing. It abuts, but does not connect to the wood with each having two vertical lights. A three-light transom is over the doors. The engine room addition has a deep eave with wood brackets. On the west side of the rear wing are two 1-over-1 windows and one 2-over-2 window on the third floor.

On the second floor, two windows are boarded over and a covered wooden walkway extends from a doorway to the ground. Attached to the west side of the rear wing is a one-story brick addition with stepped roofline. It was Home's rear wing. The ground rises upward immediately behind this portion of the Home. On the interior the floor plan of the Children's Home is organized around a central corridor that bisects the building. (Photo 21) The corridor has original wood wainscoting, coved tin ceiling, doors, and wooden door surrounds with transom. The transom windows have been removed or boarded over. The doorways have a deep recess in the wall. Two large rooms comprise the front of the building and four smaller rooms comprise the northern half of the building The stairwell is roughly in the center of the northern half.

The stairway appears to have been enclosed with later wall construction from what was likely an open banister configuration as can be seen on the third floor. (Photos 25, 27) Alongside the stairs is a hallway leading to the rear wing. On the second floor four larger rooms are located at each corner of the building. (Photos 22-23) Smaller rooms are floor. The third floor has the same basic floor plan as the second. (Photo 26) There is no interior connection to the adjacent house above the second story. The wood floor remains exposed on most of the third floor. Much of the ceiling and wood trim features are intact, except in the hallway where the wainscoting has been replaced with modern paneling and several of the door surrounds have been altered. The fourth floor has roughly the same floor plan as the rooms below, although it is an unfinished attic space. The central attic.

Some doorways have original wood doors and surrounds similar to the floors below. Built-in closets flank the front dormer window. Ceiling height on this floor is sloped due to the Mansard roof. The back stops for the improvised basketball court in the corridor are still present. A former resident of the Home in the 1920s described it as having the boys' rooms, kitchen, and dining room on the first the third floor. The attic remained mostly unused until the 1930s when the boys made a basketball court in it. (Venrick, The Children's Home interior maintains many of its historic materials such as tin ceilings in rooms and circulation spaces (Photo 24), original wood stairs, window and door surrounds, transom windows, fireplaces and wainscoting. Today the building contains offices, meeting rooms, and classrooms for the Headstart program.

(8-86) p.57) tucked between them.The second floor rooms and hallway are characterized by the same original detailing as the first auxiliary building. It is brick and contains a doorway and flanking 1-over-1 windows. The original paired doors are corridor walls are exposed brick, the wood floor is rough planks, and the roof rafters are exposed. Four rooms are in the floor. The second floor housed the school rooms and more space for the boys. A nursery and the girls' rooms were on is a three-story wing, containing the boiler room, with a large, protruding chimney. It has an exterior access door on the NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio Section 7 Page 3 Administrator's Office and Dwelling The connecting house, that was on the property previous to construction, is a two story frame, L-shaped building with brackets in the eaves and round and segmentally arched 2-over-2 windows of the Italianate style. The house is being classified as an addition to the Children's Home as it was connected to that building when it was constructed in 1886 for modern storms. The round arched transom has been covered over. A full-width Colonial Revival porch replaced the original Italianate porch between 1901 and 1904. The old porch is indicated on the Sanborn maps (See Attachment A) encloses the porch. Presently the porch is in deteriorated condition.

A hipped one-story, three-sided bay is on the eastern elevation. (Photos 11-12) This elevation has an ell-shaped one- story section with shed roof in the ell of the house. This section and the rear elevation have been slightly altered or reconfigured over time. A shed roof extension is attached to the side of the rear, gabled kitchen wing. The window in this extension has been replaced. The western elevation is connected to the Home with a two-story hyphen. (Photo 13) On each side of the hyphen is a stained glass window on the second floor, matching those of the main building, and modern aluminum doors on the with a cellar access spanning its width. The eastern elevation of the kitchen has a side entry door with stairs to accommodate the greater distance from the ground of this room.

Although the house was partially converted to office space for the Home's superintendent in the 1880s and currently serves as office space, it maintains a great deal of original historic features on the interior. (Photos 28-32) The delicate curving staircase, window and door surrounds, doors with original hardware, numerous fireplace mantles, and wainscoting all remain intact. The kitchen maintains its c.1940s knotty pine upgrade. Mid 20*h century additions Construction on a gymnasium addition was started in August 1955 and was completed the following year. (Photos 5-6) The addition was attached to the west elevation of the Home. A second-story glass enclosed porch with exterior stairs (8-86) use by the superintendent. raised basement. (Photo 9) The Classic I-House with rear ell retains its original wood siding.It is transitional Gothic map.

The one-story porch has a centered pediment projection supported by Doric columns resting on a brick knee wall. (Photos 9-1o) Doric columns are at the corners and embedded in the facade.Dentils line the cornice and spindle railing (Photo 8) Revival and Italianate in style. The house has the typical centered gable of the Gothic Revival style, but also has paired The primary, southern façade is symmetrical. Centered on the first floor are original, round arched, paired doors behind and shown in a 1901 publication (See Attachment B). The new porch configuration is indicated on the 1904 Sanborn ground level. A hipped one-story, three-sided bay matching that on the eastern elevation is present in front of the hyphen The rear, northern elevation is plain with few window openings. (Photos 12, 16) It contains the rear wall of the kitchen NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio Section 7 Page 4 was demolished when the addition was attached. (See Attachment B) The gym measures 40x 60feet and has a flat roof. gym addition has multi-light metal casement windows with concrete sills and an entrance in the bay closest to the main On the interior the gymnasium has exposed concrete block walls except for the eastern wall which is the former exterior wall of the Children's Home. (Photos 33-34) Modern aluminum doors have been inserted into the original opening, although the transom with multi-lights remains intact. Original windows on the second floor have been covered over. Steel I-beams and the HVAC system are exposed.

The interior space remains essentially open, although it has been gym. It has a concrete band at the roofline similar to that of the gym. The dorm has a raised concrete block foundation topped by a row of soldier course brick. The front façade has three entries. The two in the middle of the façade have stylistic treatment, while the third near the gym does not. The recessed entries of the two primary doors are reached by a simple entablature containing dentils. The doors in these two entries are nine-light wood doors with three-light sidelights and a four-light transom. On the interior rooms are arranged off of a central hallway. (Photo 35) Windows and doors are largely without decorative surrounds. Characteristic materials of the mid twentieth century, such as glazed ceramic tile wainscoting and blond wood doors and cabinetry can be found in the addition.

Many of the doors have a large single pane of glass. At the time of construction, the dorm contained ten bedrooms, utility room, living room, bathrooms and two medical treatment rooms. The bedrooms were designed to house three girls in eight of the rooms with the remaining two rooms housing six girls. The dormitory wing now houses offices. The Fairfield County Children's Home had a working farm from its establishment in 1883 until the 1970s. Historically there was a small barn, chicken house, pig pen, cow barn with attached silo, large barn (near the road) used as the granary and for horse stalls and a corn crib. In addition to the farm related outbuildings, an auxiliary building that served the Home was constructed at the same time. Today six historic outbuildings remain on the property.

Auxiliary Building The oldest of the outbuildings is an auxiliary building, measuring 18 x 32 feet, located behind the main Children's Home building. (Photos 14-16) It is being counted as a separate contributing building, as it was built as a stand-alone building Outbuildings children. (8-86) building. The rear elevation is concrete block. The addition is utilitarian and lacks stylistic elements. It has a brick facing with four bays separated by embedded pilasters.A concrete band tops the facade and pilasters. The designed in the Colonial Revival style. Original 8-over-8windows are intact. The girls dormitory has a flat roof and is Connecting to the gymnasium addition is a one-story girls' dormitory wing added in 1966-67. (Photos 1, 7) It was divided into sections with fencing.The space now serves as storage for a food pantry and an indoor play area for NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County, Ohio Section 7 Page 5 and does not connect internally to the abutting c.1899 engine room addition. To the rear the building abuts a stone retaining wall where the terrain begins to dramatically slope upward. The Auxiliary Building is a hipped-roof, two-story brick building that originally contained three separate rooms: an ice house, bake house with built-in oven and laundry. (See Attachment A) This utilitarian building is much simpler in appearance than the main building. On the first floor windows, all with heavy stone lintels and smaller sills, and one six-light fixed window with stone lintel and sill at the eastern bay. The windows into the former bakery are paired and share a lintel.

On the second floor are 6-over-6 windows with stone sills. A stone stringcourse is above the second floor windows. The cornice has wood brackets. Historically, apartments for the Home's employees were located on the second floor. The exterior of the building and homeless families, while the first floor has not been rehabilitated for use. (Photo 36) Bank Barn The large two-story bank barn was constructed post-1923 as a replacement for the barn that was destroyed by fire on April 26, 1923. (Photos 37-39) The bank barn is being counted as a contributing building. The frame barn has vertical board siding and exposed rafter tails are visible in the eaves of the lateral walls. The barn has a gable roof with imbricated slate shingles and two vented cupolas on the ridgeline. The roof also has four lightning rods: one on each cupola and one on each end of the roof.

Some windows are intact, while others are missing or covered with plywood. Window surrounds are simple flat boards. The west elevation is at grade level and has a set of sliding doors and a set of hinged doors both opening onto the parking lot. Two small openings are at the second story. A set of sliding doors with a four-light, fixed window above are at the Sanborn maps this extension was added between 1929 and 1949. The extension has a metal roof. Grade level slopes downward to the east exposing the concrete block foundation on the southern elevation. The southern elevation contains the gable end of the barn and the shed roof extension. Three boarded windows are within the foundation. Three fixed, four-light windows are in the extension and two fixed window openings are above in the gable end.

A larger window four-light windows in the first floor level and one in the half-story level within the extension section. A set of sliding doors is at the basement level in this section. The foundation is exposed for a few feet in the main block of the barn before the grade rises to match that of the other side. Two sets of sliding doors suspended from a track are on this window openings are in the second story level and centered in the gable is a window with two lights in the upper sash. A frame two-car garage was added to the property 1919-1929 between the superintendent's house and the large barn. (Photo 43) It is a rectangular building with a slate, gabled roof, corner boards, and original clapboard siding.

A Garage (8-86) Fairfield County Children's Home elevation at the first floor as well as two window openings.A Dutch door is at the north corner of the elevation.The northern gable end of the barn has a Dutch door roughly in the center and three window openings on the first floor.Two opening is centered in the gable and likely held a functioning window at one time.The eastern elevation has two fixed, The second and third doorways have transoms and heavy stone lintels. On the first floor there are four 6-over-6 the second floor were rehabilitated in2o02.Today the three second floor apartments serve as an emergency shelter for end of the barn in the section comprising a 1 % story shed roof extension extending to the south.As indicated on are three doorways. The entry bay into the former ice house is denoted by a stone lintel with round stone arch above it. OMB No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio Section 7 Page 6 pedestrian entry with wood door and two nine-light windows are on the south elevation. The windows retain their original wood surround. Exposed rafter tails are in the eaves. Automobile access is on the east elevation. A small concrete block addition has been added to the northwest corner of the garage. This is a contributing building. Rock-Faced Concrete Block Building This contributing building is a one-story, rectangular structure with gable roof. (Photos 43-44) Based upon construction materials and the location of a similar sized building on the 1949 Sanborn map, this garage likely was built between with a new overhead garage door. A fixed, nine-light window is in the gable.

The east elevation has three windows that have been boarded over. The west and north elevations are mostly obscured by the adjoining hillside. Large Garage concrete block foundation and hipped roof with asphalt shingles. Two overhead garage doors and a pedestrian door are on the south elevation. The pedestrian door is a later configuration and this bay likely had an overhead door also. This building is not depicted on the 1949 Sanborn map, although it was probably constructed very shortly after that given the Slaughter House Sanborn maps indicate that this building replaced two smaller structures between 1929 and 1949. On the 1949 map it is labeled as the slaughter house. (Attachment A) The building is constructed of glazed ceramic tile with a concrete foundation. (Photos 43-44) Concrete was also used for the lintels and sills of the windows and doors.

The door on the south elevation has been replaced and the doorway on the east elevation has been altered. Two window openings are on the south elevation: one has been boarded up and the other is an original fixed, six-light window. Wood shingles and Farm Manager's House The Farm Manager's House is a 1 ½ story frame house constructed pre-1875. (Photos 40-41) It is being counted as a contributing building to the nomination, as it was acquired by the Children's Home during its period of significance.It is a simple gable front house with minimal Greek Revival stylistic elements including symmetrical façade, front door blocks. A vertical board towards the rear of the building indicates that an addition was added. The width of the clapboard siding differs also indicating that the rear portion of the house was added later. Three chimneys are present within the roof surface.

(8-86) window openings are in both gable ends. The slaughter house is being counted as contributing. NPS Form 10-900-a 1929 and 1949.(Attachment A) The roof appears to have its original asphalt shingles. South elevation has been altered presence of exposed rafter tails in the eaves, typically an early twentieth century treatment. railing and steps are replacement materials. Windows appear to be original with 6-over-6 sash on the façade on the first floor and 3-over-3 sash on the upper story. The west side elevation has 4-over-4 sash while the east side has 6-over-6. The house sits on a raised basement making the porch a few steps above ground level. The foundation is large cut stone The frame garage east of the rock-faced concrete block building is being counted as contributing. (Photos 43-44) It has a with transom and sidelights, and corner boards.

The full-width porch is supported by four Doric columns. The porch NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio Section 7 Page 7 The interior of the Farm Manager's House is relatively plain in keeping with its earlier architectural style. (Photo 42) The building is in need of repair and has undergone some alteration of its historic materials. However the floor plan remains intact and features such as the stairs with banister, simple door surrounds, and wood doors with original Storage on the second floor. A recycling center located within a metal building was constructed on the property in 2006. (Photo 45) It is a noncontributing building.

Aerial photographs (See Attachment C and Section 10) show that the recycling center is located where a two-story frame barn and the playground equipment once were. Although the recycling center building is large in scale, it does not detract from the setting of the Children's Home. Its location behind the 1920s bank barn visually separates it from the core of the historic property to the west of the barn. The Fairfield County Children's Home maintains its historic integrity. Although the building has had several additions, have increased the footprint of the Children's Home, the main block of the 1886 building remains the dominate focal 20th century county institutional property. (8-86) Integrity Recycling Center all except the girls' dormitory were completed within the period of significance.While the mid 2o century additions Kitchen cabinetry has an early twentieth century appearance.

The house is now used for offices on the first floor and point of the property. The Children's Home and associated farm buildings still convey the presence of a late 19th and hardware are intact as well. A marble fireplace in the front room appears to be a later nineteenth century replacement. USDI/NPS Registration Form Page 4 Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio 8. Statement of Significance

Statement of significance

Applicable National Register Criteria (Mark "x" in one or more boxes for the A Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction. owned by a religious institution or used for religious purposes. removed from its original location. a birthplace or a grave. a cemetery. a reconstructed building, object, or structure. a commemorative property. less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the past 50 years.

Areas of Significance (Enter categories from instructions) Period of Significance Significant Dates Significant Person (Complete if Criterion B is marked above)_ 1886-1958 sheets.) Architect/Builder Social History Narrative Statement of Significance(Explain the significance of the property on one or more continuation Criteria Considerations(Mark"X"in all the boxes that apply.) criteria qualifying the property for National Register listing) Cultural Affiliation D Property has yielded, or is likely to yield information important in prehistory or history. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio Section 8 Statement of Significance Children's Homes- authorized and constructed during the post Civil War era were considered the best solution for addressing the social issue of orphaned children. The care of orphans throughout Ohio's history has evolved with changing social attitudes and resulting legislation. County Children's Homes In the first decades of the 1800s orphans were indentured into private homes where they were to work or learn a trade. The Overseer of the Poor was authorized by the township trustees to place a child in servitude. This was done not only with orphans, but also with children from poor families in order to prevent them from becoming wards of the township.

A contract was entered into stating what work the child was to perform and for how many years. Some Ohio counties, including Fairfield, kept detailed Records of Indentures. (Venrick) Social policies were shaped nationally in the 1820s-1840s. During this era of reform, state and county institutions were established to care for people who could not care for themselves. The prevailing thought was that such people should be given asylum from any of society's corrupting influences. By institutionalizing them their rehabilitation could be controlled and eventually mold them Children with any of these afflictions were sent to the respective state institution. county poor houses.

These facilities became known as infirmaries in 1850 as their mission had been expanded to care for the ill and Charitable organizations and individual philanthropists believed that orphaned or abandoned children could become productive citizens if they were properly raised. Private charities and religious organizations began to construct orphanages as early as the mid-1800s in Ohio. "The main objective of these homes was to improve the conditions for orphaned children by separating them include the Dayton Female Association for the Benefit of Orphans established in 1844 and the Colored Orphans Asylum in of Marietta in 1858." (Kane, p. 8, 3) Ewing's orphanage initially began with the purchase of 15 acres outside Marietta funded from an inheritance. After the Civil War, of life in the county infirmary she began a crusade for legislative change.

Working with the support of Washington County commissioners, she petitioned the Ohio General Assembly to enact legislation establishing separate facilities for children. Her efforts failed twice before finally becoming law in 1866. ("Catherine Fay Ewing, Originator of Children's Homes.") As a result, Ohio was the first state to pass legislation providing for separate children's homes at the county level. (Kane) (8-86) Background History into contributing members of society. In Ohio, separate institutional facilities were built for the deaf and dumb, lunatic, and blind. into the broad pattern of county sponsored orphanages to care for impoverished and orphaned children.

County-sponsored The care of paupers and the elderly was handled on a countywide basis beginning with legislation enacted in 1816 that allowed for infirm as well.Orphaned and impoverished children were often sent to county infirmaries to live if they were not indentured. The Fairfield County Children's Home meets Criterion A as a good representative of a late 19" century county institution.It fits Page 1 from the adult"inmates"in the county homes and infirmaries(poor houses").A fewof the earlier documented children's homes Avondale, Ohio, established in 1845. The first public-funded children's home in Ohio was founded by Mrs. Catherine Fay Ewing there was a dramatic increase in the number of orphans. Believing that they deserved more from the country than the social stigma NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County, Ohio Section 8 Page 2 The 1866 legislation allowed county commissioners to levy taxes for the construction of children's homes and create a five-member established children's homes. was little oversight for monitoring foster parents, children were sometimes placed in worse conditions than they had endured before being removed from their own homes. statewide legislation in 1884 that prohibited healthy, eligible children from being admitted to the county infirmary unless it had separate facilities for them. (Ohio Historic Preservation Office) A state law passed in 1898 repealed the superintendent's authority to place children in foster homes.

By this decade, most counties had a visitation committee to follow-up on foster placements, but they were volunteers and inspections were still inconsistent. In certify all placement homes and begin state inspections. This law was further strengthened in 1920 with the passage of the Ohio Boarding Home Law that established licensure for family foster homes. home in 1928. Since the latter years of the 1800s, a social philosophy emerged that favored the placement of a child in a foster or adoptive home if they could not remain in their own home. This notion took hold in the 1920s when some counties began to shift away from operating an institutional children's home to having a temporary receiving home for children awaiting placement in a foster home.

The idea that a children's home should be a short term solution became increasingly popular as did the use of a Child Placement Agent, which had been authorized at a county level by an 1889 state law. The 1920s also witnessed more mandates from the state upon the operation of the county children's homes, such as minimum standards for curriculum and building conditions. Attendance at public schools was encouraged rather than classes at the home. Recreation and culture were to be a part of the children's daily activities as well as work. The title of the administrative authority was changed in 1946 from the county board of trustees to the Child Welfare Board. By 1969, the term "welfare" evoked negative connotations and the name was changed to the Child Services Board.

Providing assistance to a family with financial difficulties was the preferred method of helping impoverished children rather than removing them from their home to ease monetary trouble. This led to an increase in direct family assistance and a decrease in the number of children admitted to county children's homes. The 1969 changes also allowed counties to seek approval to close their children's homes in order to provide more specialized foster care. (Kane) This trend, occurring in Ohio and nationally, led to c.1980 federal legislation that funded only homes with less than 25 children. Funding became difficult for the large institutional children's homes in service for over 100 years. Their ability to be self- combined with a lack of philosophical support resulted in the closure of such institutions in Ohio. The large institutional orphanage was no longer economically or socially viable.

(8-86) some counties children were still being housed there.The testimony of infirmary administrators precipitated the passage of Fifty-eight counties had children's homes in1912.The numbers began to decline in the 1920s with fifty-five counties having a Fairfield County Children's Home During their 1883 statewide conference, infirmary officials called for the removal of children from infirmaries indicating that in supporting was also reduced as laws changed with respect to what work children were permitted to do. New child labor laws could not provide for them were permitted acceptance into the orphanages. The next year after passage of the legislation, The state law also allowed for superintendents to place children in foster homes for free or for work exchange.

As part of the legislation provisions were in place for follow-up visits to the foster home, but this was not consistently completed. Because there 1913, state legislation was approved creating a Children's Welfare Department within the Board of State Charities that was to NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio Section 8 Page 3 Lancaster/Fairfield County Lancaster and Fairfield County were both established in 1800. The county's boundaries were initially quite large, but reduced with Hocking River and Zane's Trace, Lancaster was platted in 1800 by Ebenezer Zane.

This new settlement immediately became the Ebenezer Zane had acquired the land along with two other square miles as payment for his work in blazing a road that connected two Ohio River cities: Wheeling, West Virginia and Maysville, Kentucky. Zane's Trace formed a roughly 90 degree arc through the Ohio territory. It was important to the growth and settlement of both Fairfield County and Lancaster. Although little more than a blazed trail, Zane's Trace was the main route west of the Appalachians and the main route across Ohio until the National Road was completed in the 1830s. Lancaster was situated at the half way point of the trace which contributed to Lancaster, Pennsylvania and named it New Lancaster, which lasted for five years when the 'New' was dropped in 1805. 1860s with the arrival of improved transportation.

In 1834, a connector to the Ohio and Erie Canal allowed Lancaster to participate in 1840. Villages in the county, particularly ones located near the canal or the Lancaster Lateral, also prospered and new ones were established to take advantage of the canal system. Circa 1840 Lancaster became the gateway for the natural resources being discovered and mined in the Hocking Valley region just to the southeast. Lancaster had gained enough citizens by 1851 to be designated with city status. Three years later the first railroad Roads into Lancaster continued to be improved and in the 1880s gas was discovered in the city giving rise to several manufacturing enterprises, especially glass and shoes. Population numbers in Lancaster increased steadily throughout the late 1800s and early increased at a much slower pace and remained largely rural.

Although the county's agricultural base had always been diverse, hogs and dairy products accounted for nearly 60% of the county's production in 1950. Lancaster's economy remained steady during the 1930s compared to other cities of the Depression era and both it and Fairfield County experienced larger population increases than surrounding counties. Hocking Glass, long a staple manufacturer in Lancaster, arrived in the city following World War II. As was the case in most cities, Lancaster began to experience suburban development in county became suburbanized as the metropolitan area of Columbus spread southeast.

(8-86) the later decades of the 2o" century resulting in less emphasis on the historic commercial downtown.The northern portions of the At 1,530people in 1830 Lancaster was the 6" largest community in Ohio.Lancaster achieved a peak of prosperity from the 1830s- the subsequent formation of other counties. It was nearly of the same proportions as today by 1818. Located at the crossing of the surrounding areas at both ends of Zane's Trace. The name Lancaster came from the large number of pioneers who came from arrived in the city. The Hocking Valley Railroad was completed to Athens in 1869 causing a manufacturing boom along its route. 1900s reaching 18,716 in 1930. Overall growth in the county was dominated by Lancaster, as the county's population figures merged with Anchor Cap Company in 1937 resulting in a national company with its headquarters in Lancaster.

Other industries in inland Ohio's growing export trade. As a result in the expanded economy, the village experienced a jump in population to 3,272 OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio Section 8 Previous to the founding of the Fairfield County Children's Home, orphaned children of the county were placed in the county separate home for orphans. An existing frame house on the site housed the orphans while the new structure was under construction. Under the direction of general contractor, David Cowden, construction on the new three-story brick building began in 1883. Several community leaders gathered at the site on April 18, 1885 for the placement of the cornerstone. The stonemason, Mr.

Metzger, placed a time capsule into the cornerstone and laid the stone in place as part of the ceremonial proceedings. (Venrick, p.4) The building was completed Amasa Gillett was appointed the first superintendent on August 20, 1883 and his wife, Sarah, served as the matron. Following Over the course of the Children's Home operation, seven superintendents and matrons served the facility. The Gilletts remained at the Home until 1896 when their son, Edward, and his wife, Clara, took over leadership. The second generation of Gilletts served in expected to help with household and farm chores. The children were to adopt a good work ethic and sense of responsibility by Eighty acres were added later and by 1911 the farm totaled 131 acres with an additional 23 acres being purchased that year. That year the farm was valued at $18,000 and the buildings at $50,000.

The Home housed 58 children and had 9 employees under the superintendent. (Venrick, p. 2) Employees at the Home typically included three matrons: one each for the boys, girls and babies. Two laundresses and two cooks maintained. Many of the employees lived on the property. Beginning in the early 1900s it was a requirement for the head matron In 1920, the Home had two teachers teaching classes on site during the week. An article from the Lancaster Daily-Gazette (11/10/1920) reported that 55 children were living in the Home. In warm weather children attended Sunday school at various churches in Lancaster, but during the winter months such classes were held at the Home. The Groves were running the Home at less institutionalized and more nearly normal." (Venrick, p. 10) School classes were held at the Home until c.1930.

Teachers typically boarded in Lancaster and traveled to the Home for work. schools in Lancaster. They attended East or South Elementary and Lancaster High School. (8-86) Swineharts and remained until 1971. The final couple to manage the home was Leroy and Judith Meadows who left in 1980. construction of the brick building, the house became the administrative office and superintendent's residence. NPS Form 10-900-a next in 1929 and served the longest at twenty-five years.

Arriving in 1954, Edward and Maxine Rutherford followed the this time and a letter from the State of Ohio, Board of State Charities praised their leadership for"making the lives of these children Blaine and Orpha Courtright took over.The Courtright's tenure lasted only eight years.Lawrence and Beatrice Swinehart came The Home was designed to house 60 children at one time.Outbuildings were also located on the property and the children were to be a registered nurse. Page 4 infirmary. In 1883 the county purchased 28½ acres from the Grier family for a sum of $7,000 for the purpose of establishing a this capacity for ten years. In 1906, Otto and Etta Grove became the new superintendent and matron and served until 1921 when A. Coursework included the basic math, English, reading, spelling, and geography. Then the children were bussed to the public participating in chores.

This work also provided the necessary help in maintaining the facility and putting food on the table. By were also employed. A maintenance man and the farm manager rounded out the total of nine employees that the Home consistently tending a farm, the Home was able to be mostly self-sustaining and less of a burden on the county's budget. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio Page 5 sign of pine trees spelling "Lancaster" was planted in April 1937 on the property. (See Attachment C) The trees were planted by a young men's club, Opt-Y-Mist. A decade later on May 30, 1947, the club dedicated the sign to honor two Lancaster men who had lost their lives in World War II.

A plaque was placed near the road to commemorate the dedication. on both sides of E. Main Street with the fields on the south being used for crops. Land on the hillside behind the Home was used for animal pasture and orchards or berry patches. In the years that the Rutherfords oversaw the Home, 1954-1971, over 1,000 children were cared for in the facility. (Venrick, p.18) In an effort to provide a more normal family environment, the Rutherfords discontinued customs such as marching the children to the dining room and separating the boys and girls at meal time. Brothers and sisters were now allowed to socialize and eat together. Mr. Rutherford was also the Executive Director of the Children's Welfare Board and worked to change the name to the Children's Services Board in an effort to remove the socially stigmatized word "welfare" from the children's lives.

Other changes were made Due to overcrowding, a girl's dormitory wing was added west of the gymnasium in 1966-67. The new wing could house up to 36 girls, leaving the main building for housing only the boys. Individuals and organizations of the county provided recreational opportunities for the children over the years by involving them in At its peak, the Home farm consisted of almost 200 acres. It was an extensive operation primarily serving the purpose of feeding the children living there. Vegetable gardens comprised 15 acres and orchards covered 10 acres. There was a combined 60 acres of pasture. The house and barns sat on 5 acres. The majority of the remaining acreage constituted the fields which were planted with employed to oversee the farm operations and help train the boys in agricultural skills.

The children learned how to care for crops raised from the sale of produce and milk was returned to Fairfield County. Over a six- year period, $42,000 was given back to the because of broken homes or family problems. In the late 1970s, residency rules were changed as to allow housing for delinquent farm. county. (8-86) businesses periodically donated food or clothing. house with her daughter's family, the Trimmers. A barn was on the property also. Eventually the house became the residence of The county added a gymnasium to the west of the main building in 1956. It was constructed at a cost of $13,500. The residents and overall Children's Home property. At the time of its purchase by the county, it was owned by Carrie K. Hoffman. She lived in the like removing Fairfield County Children's Home from the transport bus and allowing the children to wear the same clothes as other children wore.

the farm manager.The purchase of the Hoffman house increased the Children's Home acreage to 192.The property was located The neighboring Greek Revival farmhouse to the west and a portion of its acreage were purchased in1936 and incorporated into the Section 8 By the mid 1900s, few of the children residing at the Home were homeless or orphaned. Most of them were placed at the Home employees of the Home raised half of the money by selling $5 certificates. The rest of the construction costs were paid for by the Scouts, taking them on annual trips to Buckeye Lake and the circus, or inviting a child to come to their home for Christmas. Local corn, wheat, hay, pumpkins, gourds and soybeans. Numerous animals such as dairy cows, pigs, horses, chickens were part of the The farm continued to be an important part of the Children's Home into the 1970s.

Since the 1800s farm managers had been and animals. The Home was self supporting with respect to food. In the late 1950s the farm was prosperous enough that money The 1930s brought a few changes to the property. Gas lighting in the Home was replaced by electric during that decade. A living OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio Section 8 children, which changed the atmosphere of the Home. The dairy ceased operation about 1978 and the general farming operation was discontinued around the same time. Regulations in child labor laws had changed resulting in children no longer being allowed to use farm machinery equipment.

Additionally, the need for children to learn farming skills had diminished due to economic Bowing to the trend of reducing the size of children's homes, the number of children in the Home was reduced from 20 to 16 in 1980 in compliance with the Ohio Department of Public Welfare's rules. (Venrick, p. 148) After the Meadows, the last couple to Secretary/Superintendent. The final superintendent, Harold Clark, began advocating for the closure of the Children's Home in December 1982. Only five children were living there and Clark asserted that the Home took too much of the Children's Services Agency's budget to operate. The Home was closed by early 1983. orphanage building in 1984 where the site continues to serve the county's children and families in financial need. children's homes were established in two-thirds of Ohio's eighty-eight counties from 1867 through the early 1900s.

Fairfield County constructed its children's home during the peak of statewide establishment of such institutions. It was also constructed county seat, was viewed as the best location. At 1 ½ to 2 miles from the county courthouse, the Fairfield Children's Home perfectly illustrates the ideal setting for such homes. This type of setting provided a more controlled environment and enough land for running a farm. An associated farm served the very practical purpose of providing food for the residents, thus allowing children's homes to be reasonably self-sufficient. While learning a trade or skill was not a primary function of the county orphanages, keeping with the county's overall agricultural base. The Home was able to raise a profit with its dairy operations in the 1950s when dairy production was second highest in the county at 28%.

Fairfield County also established an infirmary two miles north of Lancaster in 1828. Like the Children's Home the infirmary had a Fairfield County Department of Health. Fairfield County maintained its institutional children's home in the same traditional manner in which it was established. Accounts from former residents and employees (see Venrick) indicate that children often lived at the Home for years at a time. There is little mention of children being placed out. Fairfield County still did not have a Child Placing Agent as late as 1928, although many counties had employed one since the 1890s. The Home was even expanded in 1967 when the general trend was for counties to provide only short-term shelter before placement in foster or adoptive homes.

As the care for neglected or impoverished children shifted away from institutional housing to in-home assistance, the population of the Home steadily decreased. In 1963 it was down to 44 from its average of 50-60. changes. (8-86) during the time when housing orphans in the county infirmary was seen as an unacceptable solution. Historic Context working farm. The property today is part of the Ohio University-Lancaster campus and the infirmary building now houses the The Fairfield County Children's Home meets Criterion A as a good representative of a late 19 century county institution.

County The Lancaster-Fairfield Community Action Agency relocated its administrative offices and many of its services to the former As with the case of infirmaries, locating a children's home in an agricultural setting approximately two miles from town, often the participation in the upkeep of an associated farm often served that function.The farming practices of the Children's Home were in NPS Form 10-900-a Page 6 OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio Section 8 Page 7 Other Ohio county children's homes listed in the National Register of Historic Places include the Erie County Office Building (Erie 1927), Dayton, (NR 10/91).

The Fairfield County Children's Home is similar to Erie County, Jones Home, and Huron County in that they all are illustrative of the earlier large institutional buildings constructed to house children in a dormitory-style arrangement. Shawen Acres is representative of the later period of institutional housing with a campus of several small buildings. Thousands of children passed through the Fairfield County Children's Home inits almost 100years of existence. Former superintendent Ed Rutherford calculated that the Home served an average of 50 children at a time and that around 6,600 children children with safe shelter and the facsimile of a normal home life. (8-86) resided there in total.

(Venrick) The property illustrates an era when county children's homes provided orphaned and impoverished NPS Form 10-900-a 8/96);Huron County Children's Home (1913),Norwalk,(NR 10/04);Shawen Acres (Montgomery County Children's Home,1926- County Children's Home,1899),Sandusky,(NR 11/74);Jones Home for Children (aprivateorphanage,1902),Cleveland,(NR USDI/NPS Registration Form Page 5 Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio 9.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Major Bibliographical References (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) Previous documentation on file (NPS) _ previously listed in the National Register . previously determined eligible by the National Register recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey # recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # Primary Location of Additional Data State Historic Preservation Office Other State agency X Other Name of repository:Community Action Program Commission 10. Geographical Data Acreage of Property 25.02 UTM References (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet) Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.) Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.) Local government Federal agency See continuation sheet.

Zone Easting Northing designated a National Historic Landmark University - preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67) has been requested. OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio Section 9 Asebrook & Co. Architects. Site Plan and Floor Plans, Columbus, Ohio, December, 2007. Board of Trade and City Council of Lancaster. Lancaster and Fairfield County, Ohio, George A. Kraemer Publisher, V.34 (1925), pp. 241-243. Child Caring Institutes, Department of Public Welfare, Division of Charities, Columbus, Ohio, 1925. Child Welfare Services: Statistics and Analysis July, 1956 - March, 1963, Department of Public Welfare, Division of Business Administration, Columbus, Ohio. Colburn, E.H. 1883 History of Fairfield County Ohio, W.H.

Beers & Co., Chicago, 1883. Contosta, David R. Lancaster, Ohio, 1800-2000: Frontier Town to Edge City, Ohio State University Press, Columbus, Everts, Louis H. Combination Atlas Map of Fairfield County, Ohio, Thomas Hunter Printer, Philadelphia, 1875. Fairfield County Farm and Business Directory, Rural Directories, Inc., Toledo, Ohio, 1955. Goslin, Charles R. Crossroads and Fence Corners: Historical Lore of Fairfield County, The Fairfield Heritage Association, 1976. Kane, Kathy Mast. Huron County Children's Home National Register Nomination, 2004. Knedler, Bryan. Unpublished research subject filed under County Homes/Infirmaries - Ohio Historic Preservation Office, no date. Ohio Department of Public Welfare. Ohio Children's Homes, Ohio Historical Society Collection Synopsis, no date. Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps: 1889, 1893, 1899, 1904, 1910, 1919, 1929, 1949. 1901. 1999. 1928.

(8-86) Bibliography NPS Form 10-900-a "Catherine Fay Ewing,Originator of Children's Homes."Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society Publications, Page 1 Scott, Hervey. A Complete History of Fairfield County, Ohio, Siebert & Lilley, Columbus, Ohio, 1877. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio Section 9 Page 2 Venrick, Bill and Jean. A Place to Call Home: A History of the Fairfield County Children's Home in Lancaster, Ohio 1883-1982, The William B. Venrick Family Publisher, Lancaster, Ohio, 2003. Wiseman, C.M.L. Centennial History of Lancaster Ohio, C.M.L. Wiseman Publisher, Lancaster, Ohio, 1898. (8-86) http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~orphanshome/censusrooms/uscensus/ohio/1900 NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County, Ohio Section 10 The nominated property includes two parcels (0534007500 and 0534807500) both with the same legal description: R 18 T 14 S 5, as defined by the Fairfield County Auditor. Verbal Boundary Justification (8-86) The nominated boundary includes the remaining 25.02 acres and buildings historically associated with the Fairfield Verbal Boundary Description Page 1 Auditor's Parcel Map (http://www.co.fairfield.oh.us/auditor/) County Children's Home. Fairfield County Children's Home 1000.fee Page 6 Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County. Ohio 11.

Form Prepared By name/title_Nathalie Wright, Historic Preservation Consultant organization_KMK Historic Preservation Consulting May 6, 2008 street & number 112 Arden Ra state_Oh zip code_43214 Additional Documentation Submit the following items with the completed form: Continuation Sheets A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. or numerous resources. Representative black and white photographs of the property.

Additional items (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items) Property Owner (Complete this item at the request of the SHPO or FPO.) name Community Action Program Commission city or town_Lancaster _zip code 43130 Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this displays a valid OMB control number.

this burden estimate or any aspect of this form to Keeper, National Register of Historic Places, 1849 C" Street NW, Washington, date Photographs Maps telephone740-205-8060 state_OH USDI/NPS Registration Form telephone614-263-3440 city or town Columbus request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.). A federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to a collection of information unless it DC 20240. Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 18.1hours per response including the NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio Page 1 Michael Asebrook; Nathalie Wright for photos with * January & February, 2006 and October, 2007 (although some photos are two years old, they still Asebrook & Co. Architects, 454 E. Main St., Columbus, OH 43215 1. View of site from south side of E. Main Street* 2. Front façade, south elevation 3. Front façade and connecting house, south elevations 5. Front façade and gymnasium addition, south elevation 7. Girl's dormitory addition, south elevation* 8. East elevation with connecting hyphen to house* 9. Front façade of house, south elevation 10. House, front porch detail 11. House, east side elevation 12. House, east and north elevations* 13.

Hyphen between house and Children's Home, north elevation 14. Auxiliary Building, south elevation 15. Auxiliary Building, east elevation 16. Rear elevations of house and Children's Home and Auxiliary Building* 17. Rear wing of Children's Home with Auxiliary building and abutting shed 18. Rear elevation and wing, looking southeast 19. Children's Home rear wing, west elevation, and rear elevations of gymnasium and dormitory additions 20. Children's Home, window detail 21. Interior, Children's Home, first floor hallway* 22. Interior, Children's Home, second floor conference room 23. Interior, Children's Home, second floor, southeast room 24. Interior, Children's Home, stairway, tin ceiling detail, looking towards first floor 25. Interior, Children's Home, stairway from second to third floor 26. Interior, Children's Home, third floor, southeast room* 27.

Interior, Children's Home, original stairway from third to fourth floor 28. Interior, House, foyer 29. Interior, House, stairway 30. Interior, House, front parlor 31. Interior, House, kitchen 32. Interior, House, second floor, fireplace detail 33. Interior, gymnasium 34. Interior, gymnasium showing connection to west elevation 35. Interior, girl's dormitory addition, hallway* (8-86) Negatives: Photographer: Section Photographs Date of Photos: accurately reflect the property's current appearance);May 6,2008 for photos with * NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Fairfield County Children's Home Fairfield County, Ohio Page 2 36. Interior, Auxiliary Building, second floor kitchen* 37. Bank barn, west elevation 38. Bank barn, south elevation 39. Bank barn, interior 40.

Farm Manager's House, facade 41. Farm Manager's House, façade and west elevation 42. Farm Manager's House, interior, front parlor, fireplace and door detail* 43. Garages, looking north* 44. Garages, looking west* 45. Recycling center, looking northeast* (8-86) Section Photographs Fairfield County Children's Home, Fairfield Co., OH Site Plan and Photo Key A) Children's Home with additions B) Auxiliary Building E) Bank Barn F) Concrete Block Building I) Recycling Center (noncontributing) D) Garage G) Large Garage H) Slaughter House C) Farm Manager's House Asebrook & Co. ARCHITECTS A1.1 First Floor Orphange Asebrook & Co. A1.2 ARCHITECTS Orphanage Second Floor Asebrook & Co. A1.3 ARCHITECTS Third Floor Orphanage Asebrook & Co. A1.4 ARCHITECTS Orphanage Fourth Floor 29'-1" Asebrook & Co. A2.1 ARCHITECTS 16'-105" 5'-10" Asebrook & Co.

A3.1 ARCHITECTS Shelter Attachment A - Sanborn Maps (four pages) Fairfield County Children's Home, Fairfield County, OH JUNE 1889 1889 Detail LANCASTER IFRIRFIELO CO. CHILDRENS HOME Attachment A - Sanborn Maps (four pages) Fairfield County Children's Home, Fairfield County, OH %% Miles E.of Court Ho. FRIRFIELD CO MAY 1893 1899 LANCASTER OHIO. 1899 Detail . CHILDREN'S HOME. FRIRFIELD CO. CHILDREN'S HOME. Attachment A - Sanborn Maps (four pages) Fairfield County Children's Home, Fairfield County, OH FRIRFIELD CO. CHILDRENS HOME 1600 BARRE 1904 Detail Located 2 Miles E.of Court Ho. 1910 1904 LAIOLAN-DL E.MAN ST. (ZANESWILLE &, MAYSWILLE TURNPIKE). 'S SIZE6 FAIRFIEL Attachment A - Sanborn Maps (four pages) Fairfield County Children's Home, Fairfield County, OH Located 24 Miles E of Court Ho. HILL SIDE OUTSDE OF CORPORATE LIMITS .

1949 1919 FEB.1929 LANCASTER OHIO STEEP A.FEB.929 FAIRFIELD CO CHILDRENS HOME ANY SIDE Attachment B - Historic Photos Fairfield County Children's Home, Fairfield County, OH 1900-1901 (Image taken from Lancaster and Fairfield County, Ohio, 1901) Post1901 (From the collection of Community Action Program Commission) COUNTY ORPHANS HOME Attachment C - Aerial Photos Fairfield County Children's Home, Fairfield County, OH Undated Photo (taken from Venrick, p. 184) 1970s (taken from Venrick, p.

165) LANGASTER 2000 -Trees spelling Lancaster are still visible within woods to the right of barns (County Auditor's Image) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET NAME : N PDIL: N PERIOD: N PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: COMMENT WAIVER: N ABSTRACT/SUMMARY COMMENTS : DOCUMENTATION see attached comments Y/N see attached SLR Y/N If a nomination is returned to the nominating authority, the TELEPHONE DATE MULTIPLE ACCEPT DISCIPLINE REJECT RETURN 11/07/08 12/21/08 REVIEWER RECOM./CRITERIA OTHER: DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: DATE RECEIVED: REASONS FOR REVIEW: UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR DATE OF 45TH DAY: STATE & COUNTY: OHIO, Fairfield 12/03/08 DATE OF 16TH DAY: CHILAREN'S HOME FAIRFELD COUNTY CHILDREN'S HOME FAIRFELO COUNTY FAIRFIELD CO., OH FAIRFIELD CO., OH FAIRFIELD CO., BH FAIRFIELD CO., OH FAIRFIELD CO., OH FAIRFIELD COUNTY CHILDREN'S HOME FAIRFIELD CO., OH FAIRFIELD Co., OH FAIRFIELD Co., BH FAIRFIELD CO., OH FAIRFIELD Co., OH 12:17 PM FAIRFIELD Co, OH FAIRFIELD Co., OH FAIRFIELD CO, OH FAVRFIELD Co., OH FAIRFIELD Co., OH FAIRFIELD COUNTY CHULDREA'S HOME FAIRFIELD CO., OH) FAIRFIELT Co, OH FAIRFIELD Co., OH FAIRFIELD Co., OH FAIRFIELD CO., OH FAIRFIELD COUNTY CHILDRENS HOME FAIRFIELD CO, OH FAIRFIELD Co., OH FAIRFIELD Co., OH FAIRFIELD COUNTY CHILDREN'S HOME HOME FAIRFIELD Co., OH FAIRFIELD CO., OH FAIRFIELD CO., OH FAIRFIELD COUNTY CHILDRENiS HOME FAIRFIELD CO., OH FAIRFIELD Co., OH for School Getting Ready Begins at Birth Home HEAD START FAIRFIELA COUNTY CHILDREN'S HOME FAIRFIEZA CO., OH DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) STATE OF OHIO 3)17-345993 - 4397048 LANCASTER QUADRANGLE UNITED STATES LANCASTER, OHIO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY [Federal Register: October 14, 2008 (Volume 73, Number 199)] DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR National Register of Historic Places; Notification of Pending Park Service, 1849 C St., NW., 2280, Washington, DC 20240; by all other carriers, National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service, 1201 Eye St., NW., 8th floor, Washington, DC 20005; or by fax, 29, 2008.

J. Paul Loether, Chief, National Register of Historic Places/National Historic Landmarks North Fork Historic District Boundary Increase), Six parcels of land along Co. Rds. 96 and 26 between South Platte and Pine Grove, Pine Grove, 08001028. Petworth Gardens (Apartment Buildings in Washington, DC, MPS), 124, 126, 128, and 130 Webster St., NW., Washington, DC, 08001029. Dubuque Millworking Historic District (Dubuque, Iowa MPS), White, Jackson, Elm between E. 6th and E. Ilth Sts., Dubuque, 08001030. Old North Cemetery, North State St., Concord, 08001031. http://frwebgate3.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/TEXTgate.cgi?WAISdocID=17535612312+0+1... 10/16/2008 COLORADO Program.

[Notices] Merrimack County Dubuque County concerning the significance of these properties under the National National Park Service listing or related actions in the National Register were received by Nominations for the following properties being considered for NEW HAMPSHIRE Postal Service to the National Register of Historic Places, National Nominations and Related Actions From the Federal Register Online via GPo Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [Page 60715] District of Columbia the National Park Service before September 27, 2008. [D0CID:fr14oc08-72] Pursuant to section 60.13 of 36 CFR Part 60 written comments Page 1 of 2 202-371-6447. Written or faxed comments should be submitted by October Jefferson County Register criteria for evaluation may be forwarded by United States IOWA Page 2 of 2 Delaware County Sutherland Rd., West Delhi, 08001032. Brooklyn, 08001033.

on the N., New York, 08001034. Sampson Theatre, 130-136 E. Elm St., Penn Yan, 08001035. Shawano County [FR Doc. E8-24230 Filed 10-10-08; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4310-70-P http://frwebgate3.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/TEXTgate.cgi?WAISdocID=17535612312+0+1... 10/16/2008 08001036. Kings County WISCONSIN Yates County NEW YORK Garment Center Historic bounded by Sixth Ave.on New York Congregational Home for the Aged,123 Linden Blvd., Tigerton Village Hall and Engine House,215 Cedar St.,Tigerton, New York County West Delhi Prebyterian and 45 the E.,Ninth Ave.on the W.,W.35th St.on the S.,and W.4lst St. NOV 07 2008 NAT. REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES National Park Service 2280 November 3, 2008 Ms. Jan Matthews, Associate Director and Keeper of the National Register of Historic Places 1201 "T" (Eye) Street, NW Washington DC 20005 Dear Ms.

Matthews: Enclosed please find five (5) new National Register nominations. All appropriate notification NEW NOMINATION Fairfield County Children's Home Bull, Jonah, House King, Ahimaaz, House If you have questions or comments about these documents, please contact the National Register staff in the Ohio Historic Preservation Office at (614) 298-2000. State Historic Preservation Officer Ohio Historic Preservation Office Montgomery Hamilton COUNTY Warren www.ohiohistory.org Enclosures Sincerely, OHIO Clark Pinecroft Fairfield OHIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY National Register Masonic Temple procedures have been followed for these new submissions. RECEIVED 2280 567 East Hudson Street, Columbus, Ohio 43211-1030 ph: 614.298.2000 fx: 614.298.2037 HISTORY