Nomination for Indian Point Fort

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

Form 10-300 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (Rev. 6-72) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM ENTRY DATE (Type all entries - complete applicable sections) JUL 3 0 1974. AND/ OR HISTORIC: VIC J. William Stanton - 11th - In Process - Transportation - Comments - Other (S OWNER OF PROPERTY OWNER'S NAME: 1385 W. Jackson St.

LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE, REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC: Lake County Recorder's Office TITLE OF SURVEY: DATE OF SURVEY: 1939 ff Division of Archaeology, The Ohio Historical Society 085 039 LOCATION Religious STATE Columbus Private ACCESSIBLE Commercial CATEGORY Entertainment Local Government Agricultural Private Residence Site Restricted County Both Federal Unoccupied Yes: Educational STATUS CLASSIFICATION Indian Point Fort CODE Index of Archaeological Sites Lake Park Museum District Scientific Ohio OWNERSHIP Industrial Being Considered COMMON: Structure Building Painesville Fort CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT: Lake County Metropolitan Park District Public Public Acquisition: Preservation work ENTRY-NUMBER STREET AND NUMBER: Ohio43211 TO THE PUBLIC 1982 Velma Avenue DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS: REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS CITY OR TOWN: (Check One) Object FOR NPS USE ONLY DATE NAME Military PRESENT USE (Check One or More as Appropriate) Painesville(4.0 miles east) DESCRIPTION - Deteriorated - Unexposed X Unaltered [X Original Site DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (if known) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

Description of the property

In Perry Township, Lake County, Ohio, approximately 4.0 miles east of probably for defensive purposes, at the eastern access to the ridge.. approaching from the east, there is an area of flat stones crossing the 12 feet wide and 4 to 5 feet deep, while the wall is 20 feet wide and down to the Grand River at the west end of the point, which would have FEB 2 8 1974 CONDITION NATIONAL REGISTER Ruins almost totally hidden by leaves and humus;whether they represent Indian Indian Point because of the prehistoric earthworks that were erected, end of the point but erosion has destroyed it.It is possible to climb features cross the promontory from north to south except for a break in Whittlesey also described a smaller wall and ditch at the extreme west not mentioned in the site description given by Whittlesey prior to 1850.

of Paine Creek and the Grand River.From this point of land the shale The dirt from the ditch was piled to the west to form the wall.Both been necessary to obtain water for a village located on the bluff.The have a gate in the stockade to facilitate their own coming and going. Painesville a long, narrow promontory has been formed at the confluence Indian Point is now owned and operated by the Lake County Metropolitan Park District.A nature trail leads to the end of the point.When third wall was probably to protect this difficult access. ridge (north-south) in a path only several feet wide.These cobbles are north being 66 feet long and the wall to the south being 55 feet.This Fifty feet to the west is the first ditch and wall of the fortification. feet long to the south.From the center of this gateway it is 105 feet (Check One) wall is 25 feet wide and the exterior ditch is 15 feet wide.

is 8 feet wide and the wall is 85 feet long north of this gate and 41 X Excellent - Moved The second gate is 7 feet wide, the wall to the varies from 3.5 to 5 feet in height. This earthen wall was probably the of the trail but there is no reason to believe that the Indians did not both the ditch and wall where the nature trail is located.The ditch is on the south, making the point almost inaccessible except from the east. Fair base support for a row of vertical posts to form a stockade.The gateway to the next gateway. The promontory, over 100 feet above the valley floor, has been named Whittlesey said that the gateways may have been the result of modern use Good PERIOD (Check One or More as Appropriate) X Pre-Columbian! - 20th Century SPECIFIC DATE(S) (If Applicable and Known) AREAS OF

Statement of significance

hooks and netssecured to grooved or notched net sinkers. were Ohio's last prehistoric people, for written records describing FEB 2 8 1974 Commerce Military Architecture REGISTER Engineering Conservation Aboriginal NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE Literature Art Communications Music Education Agriculture losophy Prehistoric Landscape they practiced extensive agriculture in the fields surrounding the northern Ohio begin about the time of their disappearance.This remains of small circular houses and deep storage pits.These pits The naturally steep embankments of the ridge and the stockade pro- the understanding of their everday life.Its inclusion in a metro- attributed to the Erie Indians.These Indians lived on hilltops RECEIVED Urban Planning the embankments and the tip of the point there are probably the it for future generations and further interpretation.

use the bow and arrow for hunting to supplement the corn, beans, and Religion/Phi Indian Point is the site of a prehistoric village and fortification Sculpture would be used for storing corn and later for disposing of refuse or pumpkins that they grew.They also fished in the rivers using both ceramic material which is valuable in diagnostic interpretation of well-preserved village site of approximately 5 acres may aid in Social/Human- burying the dead.Most Erie sites also produce a large quantity of the cultural afinity of the people. villages were located within palisades with exterior ditches, and The Erie were destroyed as a nation by the Iroquois in 1654.They Industry 1000 A.D. - 1654 A.D. vided a safe location for an Erie village on Indian Point.

Between itarian community.Erie Indians were the first Ohio prehistoric people to politan park and placement on the National Register will help preserve overlooking streams and rivers that emptied into Lake Erie.Their

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES vol. XLIV, no. 2, pp. 224-226, 232-237. art. VII, pp. 19-20, plate VII, no. B. DEFINING THE CENTER POINT OF A PHOPERTY DEFINING A RECTANGLE LOCATING THE PROPERTY OF LESS THAN TEN ÁCRES 5.0 acres FEB 28 1974 FORM PREPARED BY Bert C.

Drennen III, Archaeologist-Preservationist Ohio 43211 * STATE LIAISON OFFICER CERTIFICATION NATIONAL REGISTER VERIFICATION As the designated State Liaison Officer for the Na- tional Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law I hereby certify that this property is included in the 89-665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the c-iteria and procedures set Director, Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation level of significance of this nomination is: GP0 931-894 1850 1935 1914 Degrees Name ORGANIZATION Local Seconds LONGITUDE DATE COUNTY Minutes LATITUDE ATTEST: STATE Columbus CORNER CODE NATIONAL REGISTER 12/12/73 Degrees Minutes Seconds The Ohio Historical Society 1982 Velma Avenue LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINATES 10. GEOGRAPHICAL DATA National Register.

STREET AND NUMBER: NAME AND TITLE: CITY OR TOWN: 0.39 APPROXIMATE ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY: Title STATE Ohia TECH REVIEW Lake CONTROL REVIEW ARCHITECTURAL HISTORIAN Send-back _ Sept. 3, JUL 3 0 1904 INT: 1538-73 Entered Re-submit ARCHEOLOGIST MAPS National Register Write-up HISTORIAN Federal Register entry BRANCH CHIEF WORKING NUMBER REVIEW UNIT CHIEF KEEPER PHOTOS 7400543 the write up, please indicate them below. PRESENT CONDITION (altered, covered, ruins, deteriorated--archeological): COMMENTS : DESCRIPTION: PROPERTY: LOCATION: NAME: If there are comments (negative or positive)which will affect STYLE OR CULTURE: SURVEY RECORDS form correct?): DATE AND INSTIGATOR (builder, architect, group, engineer, etc.): SHEET (leave attached to nomination) SIGNIFICANCE (specify paragraph or line): WEST WALL UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Form No.

10-301a NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Lake sò PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM AND/OR HISTORIC: Painesville Fort LOCA TION Vicinity of Painesville (4.0 miles east) Bert C. Drennen III DATE OF PHOTO: 11/3/73 NEGATIVE FILED AT: DESCRIBE VIEW, DIRECTION, ETC. View of west wall and historical marker, looking west. INT: 154-72 039 NATIONAL IDENTIFICATION COUNTY Ohio NAME REGISTE STATE Indian Point Fort DATE COMMON: CODE PHOTO REFERENCE Division of Archaeology, The Ohio Historical Society T.11N.,R.7W.,On Indian Point at confluence of Paine Creek and Grand River (7/72) PHOTO CREDIT: FOR NPS USE ONLY STREET AND NUMBER: CITY OR TOWN: 085 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Form No.

10-301a NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES FOR NPS USE ONLY (Type all entries -attach to or enclose with photograph) INDIAN POINT FORT (La2) LOCA TION CITY OR TOWN: Vicinity of Painesville (4.0 miles east) Bert C. Drennen III DATE OF PHOTO: NEGATIVE FILED AT: Division of Archaeology, The Ohio Historical Society FEB 2 8 1974 DESCRIBE VIEW, DIRECTION, ETC. INT: 154-72 085 039 COUNTY DATE NAME STATE 11/3/73 REGISTER Ohio Lake IDENTIFICATION COMMON: CODE ENTRY NUMBER PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM PHOTO CREDIT: R.7W.,On Indian Point at confluence of Paine Creek and Grand River STREET AND NUMBER: (7/72) EAST WALL View of east wall and exterior ditch, looking westo 1974 PHOTO REFERENCE PROPERTY OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER Form No. 10-301 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Rev.

7-72 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE JUL 3 0 1974 COMMON: Indian Point Fort STREET AND NUM BER: I.11N., R.TW., on Indian Point at confluence of Paine Creek & Grand River FEB 2 8 1974 TO BE INCLUDED ON ALL MAPS 1. Property broundaries where required. 2. North arrow. 3. Latitude and longitude reference. * U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1973-729-148/1441 3-l 085 1960 039 NAME LOCATION REGISTER COUNTY DATE Ohio REQUIREMENTS NATIONAL Lake STATE MAP REFERENCE CODE SOURCE: (Type all entries-attach to or enclose with map) SCALE:1:24000 ENTRY NUMBER NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY MAP FORM CITY OR TOWN: FOR NPS USE ONLY U.S.G.S.

7% Vicinity of Painesville(4.0 miles east) PAINESVILLE QUADRANGLE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PAINESVILLE, OHIO DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR - Latitude 41° 43' UNITED STATES STATE OF OHIO 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) Indian Point Fort DEPARTMENT OF HICHWAYS FEB 2 8 1974 OHIO JUL 3 0 1974 Paineaville Vic, Froelich, John, House Ward, John Q.A-, Yara Champaign County Pleasant Ridge (Cincianatl) Location STATE Name ENTRIES IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER Also Notified Date Entered Van Hert County Ashtabula County Snead Mound Van Hort County Courthouse Lake County Cleraont County Indian Point Fort Haaiiton County Stout vicfaity Hon, Will1an E. Minshall Urbana Benhaa Hound Cuyahoga County Regional Director,Midwest Region Vaa Wert Connaaut borks Neville State uiatozic Preservation Officer Adamg County. Conneaut Interatato v7l at 17th Ave. Waunley Village Site