GEOGRAPHICAL DATA LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINATES DEFINING A RECTANGLE LOCATING THE PROPERTY DEFINING THE LENTER POINI OF A PROPERTY OF LESS THAN TEN ACRES APPROXIMA-TE ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY: SEP 3 0 1974 FORM PREPARED BY July 1974 0 39 I hereby certify that this property is included in the tional Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law - National Register. 89-665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the c-iteria and procedures set Director, Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation level of significance of this nomination is: * U.S.
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1973-729-147/1442 3-l Degrees Local LATITUDE Seconds ORGANIZATION LONGITUDE DATE STATE COUNTY Minutes Name CORNER ATTEST: Cleveland Ohio Western Reserve Historical Society Title CODE Degrees Minutes Seconds REGISTER NATIONAL 10825 East Boulevard 20070 NAME AND TITLE: NATIONAL REGISTER VERIFICATION 9. MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES As the designated State Liaison Officer for the Na- Less than one STREET AND NUMBER: 12. STATE LIAISON OFFICER CERTIFICATION CITY OR TOWN: RECEIVED [LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES forth by the National Park Service.
The recommended Eric Johannesen, Preservationist Minutes Seconds UTM Keeper of The National Registe PHO TOS ARCHEOLOGIST - KEEPER Entered Send-back MAPS National Register Write-up TECH REVIEW HISTORIAN INT:1538-73 7.15.74 WORKING NUMBER Federal Register entry CONTROL REVIEW BRANCH CHIEF REVIEW UNIT CHIEF 2.13 PROPERTY 1974 Re-submit 9. 3o, 74 2. Location. 5.. Location of Legal Description. . 6. Representation in Existing Surveys. 7. Description. Statement of Significance. _ 9. Bibliography. . 10. Geographical Data. 11. Form Prepared By. 12. Certification. Please use a map_bearing an identified system of coordinates, - preferably an original USGS, which allows us to check latitude-longitude. Thank you for your attention to the above items checked. Acreage. SIGNED: Photographic Coverage. Longitude and Latitude Coordinates. Map Coverage.
Clarification or correction of the above items must be made prior to the initiation NAME OF PROPERTY criteria in full. The attached National Register Inventory-Nomination form is being returned to your For Herrmlon DATE: necessarily insure that the nomination will then satisfy the National Register Name. Onio WORKING HUMBER CONTROL REVIEW ARCHITECTURAL HISTORIAN Entered KEEPER ARCHEOLOGIST Re-submit Send-back MAPS Federal Register entry 74001563 HISTORIAN BRANCH CHIEF National Register Write-up TECH REVIEW REVIEW UNIT CHIEF Mahonig 2.12.74.246 1974 PHOTOS 1115/24 10194 PRESENT CONDITION (altered, covered, ruins, deteriorated--archeological): SICNIFICANCE (specify paragraph or line): SURVEY RECORDS (is form correct?): DESCRIPTION: NAME: PROPERTY: LOCATION SHEET If there are conments (negative or positive) which will affect WRITE-UP CONMENT the write up, please indicate them below.
STYLE OR CULTURE DATE AND INSTIGÄTOR (builder, architect, group, engineer, etc.): COMMENTS: (leave attached to nomination) Form No. 10-301g LOCA TION 7 Court Street NEGATIVE FILED AT: DESCRIBE VIEW, DIRECTION, ETC. 099 1973 039 DATE Canfield Ohio IDENTIFICATION NATIONAL looking southeast. CODE STATE Western Reserve Historical Society COMMON: PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM PROPERTY OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER PHOTO REFERENCE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Old Mahoning NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES E. Johannesen North facade, with 188l addition on the right, CITY OR TOWN: NATIONAL PARK SERVICE AND/OR HISTORIC: STREET AND NUMBER: (Type all entries-attach to or enclose with photograph) FOR NPS USE ONLY ENTRY NUMBERI DATE OF PHOTO: REGISTER (7/72) County NAME U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 87 6 - 1 67 RECEIVED PHOTO CREDIT: SEP- Form No. 10-301g A DATE LOCA TION 7 Court Street E.
Johannesen DESCRIBE VIEW, DIRECTION, ETC. 039 1973 COUNTY IDENTIFICATION Canfield CODE NAME REGISTE Ohio COMMON: ENTRY NUMBER Old Mahoning PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM PROPERTY OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER PHOTO REFERENCE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES AND/OR HISTORIC: STATE STREET AND NUMBER: FOR NPS USE ONLY Rear elevation, looking north. NATIONAL PARK SERVICE PHOTO CREDIT: NEGATIVE FILED AT: UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (Type all entries-attach to or enclose with photograph) DATE OF PHOTO: NATIONAL CITY OR TOWN: (7/72) 0 U 1974 US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 87 6 - 167 099 Western Reserve Historical Society Form No. 10-301 Rev. 7-72 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE FOR NPS USE ONLY STREET AND NUM BER: 7 Court Street MAP REFERENCE 1:24, 000 SEP 3 0 1974 1. Property broundaries where required. 2. North arrow. 3. Latitude and longitude reference.
099 039 1970 Mahoning COUNTY LOCATION REGISTER DATE Ohio REQUIREMENTS Canfield STATE NATIONAL COMMON: CODE NAME SCALE: Old Mahoning County Courthouse PROPERTY MAP FORM SOURCE: NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES AND/OR HISTORIC: UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR RECEIVE CITY OR TOWN: (Type all entries -attach to or enclose with map) TO BE INCLUDED ON ALL MAPS DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY - CANFIELD, OHIO SEP 3 D 1974 Revised in cooperation with State of Ohio agencies Old Mahoning MAY 16 1974 Olde County Courthouse Company 7 Court Street Officer and is now being reviered by our staff. #71 at 17th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43211. w/cy inc. FNP :WRLuce:1ml 5/13/74 Regional Director, Midwest Region w/cy inc. Director's Reading File Sincerely yours, BASIC FILE RETAINED IN PR H34-PR Keepar of the lational Register PR w/cy inc. cc: Mr. Daniel R.
Porter, Director, The Ohdo Historical Society, Interstate Thank you for your interest In historic preservatten. Dear Mr. Speece: MAR 5 1974 - From: Olde Courthouse Company 7 Court Street Canfield, Ohio 44406 MAHONING COUNTY COURTHOUSE BUILT IN 1848 enrolled. Some of the people who studied there are still living, and I can Historic Places of the U.S. Department of Interior in Washington, D.C. clipping shows, this building is privately owned; but I thought that the museum Enclosures Registry. Yours truly, I am thanking you in advance for your consideration. for this project.
This property has been qualified for inclusion in the National Register of We have in our possession many items pertaining to this building such Enclosed herewith is a general history of this building along with before and desires and wishes are that it will be approved and be included in the National after photographs of the building and local newspaper clippings on local awards, as college booklets showing picures and roster of names of people that were I would be interested to know of your thoughts and suggestions on the idea of recall of a few who are residents of Canfield. To Whom it May Concern: William M.Speeee Phone: (216) 533-4622 converting the attic area into a historic museum. As the local newspaper area could be set up as a non-profit organization and could be open to the public at specific hours and time.
As this would involve considerable expense, I would SUBJECT: be interested to know if any federal funds or public funds could become available PRESERVATION & RESTORATION OF THE ORIGINAL WMS/11s Olde Courthouse Building - Built in 1848 on the Village Green in Canfield, Ohio by Judge Eben Newton, an outstanding Canfield attorney who served completed in 1848. Canfield remained the county seat until 1876 when there was quite moved to Youngstown, and Canfield who wanted to retain its county This legal battle finally was decided by the Supreme Court by a caravan of horse and buggies. In 1876 the land and building reverted to Judge Eben Newton, who and others who attended after 1908 when the state did not permit However, by special arrangement, first-year college work continued floor to the first and second floors of which the second floor was the county seat.
educators and businessmen and women boast of the fine education public subscription and the first Mahoning County Courthouse was they received in the county schools, some in the Normal College, Courthouse Building now stands. records that date back to the year 1848,the time Canfield became The Canfield Fair is now recognized as one of the best and most Geologically, Canfield is located in the center of Mahoning County, The first Mahoning County Fair was held for the public on the further normal credit to be given. addition on the west wing was completed and in 1882 the Northeastern corner of Court Street and South Broad Street where the Olde a legal battle between neighboring Youngstown who wanted the seat final decision, however, the records were literally confiscated entrance to same.
We are told they raised many prize orchids, as and are considered one of the top scholastic schools in the country. from the Board of Education and at that time did extensive repairs their high degree of scholastic education down through the years are being used by the Mahoning County Courts for storage of microfilm These same vaults today On April 9,1923,the Altimo Culture Company purchased this building they were well noted for their fine landscaping and floral arrangements. The Altimo Culture Company also installed elevators from the ground and have been replaced with walk-in vaults. beautifully kept buildings and grounds in the entire country.
Ohio.The original grounds for the building were donated in 1846 tobe given; and in 1915 the school became the Mahoning County walls above ground are 18" thick of solid brick that were made Because of its sound construction, the building has been Board of Education, all of which have beautiful views of the the front of the building and is completely air conditioned and have an exceptionally good tone. We are also exploring the possibility of finishing the attic area roof skylights and a circular staircase from the courtroom, this a flag that was raised and lowered on top of the bell tower.) We have decorated the first floor halls with históric picures other engineering group in the country. architects and builders down through the years. form with its well-balanced proportions and cornice detail work.
This building, famous for its Court and Schools, was also well The building and its detailshas been photographed by different first president of the Normal College, old maps and books and and raising and lowering the American Flag.(originally there was The building is well known for its beautiful classical Georgian a museum consisting of photographs of Judge Eben Newton and the The foundation walls are 42" thick of native sandstone, and the offices along with an area County Court and offices of the State Village Green. and information of the area and would hope to complete this with could be a most unusual atmosphere for a museum and meeting room. soundproofed.
Today this magnificent historical building houses many professional Canfield Board of Education has voted unanimously to return the square feet of offices finished on the ground floor entrance to on the site at the time of construction.Local clay products Valley.
One more thing remains- restoration of the bell tower.The with machinery designed in the Olde Courthouse Building than any beams to keep the decor and character of the building.By using were used which is a good testimonial to the high grade of materials approximately 2,500 square feet and has all the original hardwood Just recently there has been an additional 2,500 This area would have access to the bell tower for ringing the bell building it could be heard for al0-mile radius and was known to beams that vary in sized from 12"x12"to18"x18"and is trussed el make a reasor- abie return on This (point, Mahoning eland: villages that Connecticut old courthouse, at the head of the village green, carriesthe. tural stamp. A writer nearly al ment ha for which he's gained distinction soft bonus, he adds. he believes, under certain con- ditions: 1) the historic structure roof section.
sultant, memorial company, de- velopment company, beautician, (from Youngstown); 2) have dis- and Counly Court No. 5, so the 3; structural soundness; 4) po- Without these conditions, he to await action by the govern- ment, foundations or civic asso- Ciations. any bidders against us when wei A major change, sandblast- ing. restored the original brick and the Involved Some Risk the investment. Courthouse. convincingly by restored al charm. Keeps Original Character must be well-situated (his build andpanoramic survey of the William Speece, structurally One Step Remains as long as anyone could remem- modern office building. Others can follow his pattern, vated the.origi- in need of extensive repairs and as a homebuilder.
tinctive design worth keeping: closely resembled the New En- ing while retaining its tradition- quiet broad streets and historid missing windowpanes The imte familiar to many bought it," he recalls. er who has reno- in the main structure, but modi- has been made miles in every direction. came to restore the exterior and measure of its original charac Western Reserve origins, found tained to keep the fine propor door,and was caught by its un Yankees left to populate the Western Reserve here, and the century ago said that the struc enterprise if it's possibleto ture commanded a tine outlook Private enterprise can suecessfully preserve historic structures where there's sufficient incen- suburban community. tential for a commercial enter- succession of owners, and some Speece's efforts toi bring backt the original grandeur. the return is fair, Leetonia?
several years ago, he apartments he grew interested usual setting of thecommons says, razing of restoring. It was office tenants. bet The poplar cornices and other outside woodworkwere tions and detall trüe to the in the 1870s for thenormal of the Canfield Junior vate enterprise, he cautions. modernize the interior. grity whenever possible was re- front modeling New field into a modern ofice build unattractive additions since re renewed in purpose by private classic New Engiand architec that had been painted over for was only 50 per cent rented by return on my investment else upland and native forest for rolling ter during transformation into a We didn't have 1968,a risk was involved History books say Canfield houses and gardens. The idea inthe aging courthouse nex could have gone either way,he The Village has kept a good Mahoning County is. south of the Reserve Line.
The southern town- ships, six miles square, were part of the Seven Ranges, a territory peopled by Pennsylvanians mile square townships, are from the old Reserve. the Western Reserve, Ohio was not yet a state and Marietta and vicinity was the only substan- Washington County of the Territory of Ohio torial days, the county of Jefferson was created When Trumbull County was first constituted it included all of the Western Reserve section. U. S. Route 224 crosses the Ohio-Pennsylvania State Line there is a large rock with a surveyor's ern tiers of townships in what is now Mahon- It is the chip in the granite which tells where justice and such until 1846. from the original survey to establish the western amend the title of the bill setting forth that for Commission of 100 years later depended upon Counties. Even these counties would smile at this contention now.
Columbiana County has nearly 100,000 population: Trumbull about needs to determine the whereabouts of our the Reserve line and six miles south of it. North into Ohio and south of the line, west 30 miles. One severe indentation occurs in this otherwise the famous Michigan territorial leader and can- and its immediate vicinity to remain in Colum- didate for president, Lewis Cass. Later the act biana County, an adjustment which grew out was amended so that the county took the name of the bitter fight in the Legislature when Steubenville. County. 170,000. cast corner of Poland Township and extends Youngstown Township and the others which now form Mahoning County were then in with the ruin of Columbiana and Trumbull biana County had sought in his bitterness to this mark for guidance.
people together with all those in the two north- county should the vicissitudes of time obliterate the only county which lies both north and political purposes the county was being created county because it was near the center and easy The first bill for the new county called for crews began operations from the southeast cor- Mahoning County was not born without This boundary and the line of the Connecti- other points of recognition. ner of Poland Township to run the ranges of mark upon it which is important to Mahoning a few years before in the 1760's.The re-survey tially settled area.
the establishment of the County of Cass after men who ran the famous Mason-Dixon Line with Marietta as the county seat.Later in terri- It included this section and the county seat was to get to and because Youngstown was not made by the Ohio and Pennsylvania Boundary Mahoning County extends 10 miles north of 120 miles west are all a competent engineer pain.The bill creating it passed the Ohio House famous Clement Laird Vallangiham of Colum- of Trumbull County.
In the summer of 1796 when surveying of Representatives by only one vote after the The county seat was Warren and Youngstown cut Western Reserve which begins at the south- before when our town came close in the contest County on a map.It allows the city of Salem boundary of Pennsylvania made by the same awake and fighting as it had been 40 years of the line the county reaches west 25 miles Mahoning County was created in 1846 to form ing County continued to look to Warren for with Warren for the honor of being the seat of the river. About 2o0 paces south of the point where Canfield was selected as the seat of the new and Southerners. The two northern tiers, five- ing Valley and all the symbolism of justice are Maboning County was fully arrived. It came in the 70's when the thriving community of ficld contested what good Canfielders called "the members of the Ohio Bar.
Several have been John H. Clarke, became associate justice of the U. S. Supreme Court. The feeling of Canfield residents against those who participated in stealing the county seat per- Samuel Huntington, one of the first governors, lived here for a time. William McKinley who served both as governor and president, was born at Niles, and grew to manhood in Poland. His county property in 1877, there was gloom and But besides bench and bar, counties have such officials as sheriffs, commissioners, auditors, etc. Ave. and Wood St., a red brick structure which middle-aged Youngstowners remember. This is relatively few. Most of our officials have served - The Youngstown courthouse had been built incidents some. of which tend to show the vigor backward off the courthouse step and was taken the Mahoning Valley... depicting the early history of law in the Mahon- County Fair.
furnished but this one state governor although gnashing of teeth in Canfield. Youngstown determined to have the county same Congressional district as Youngstown. speculative story was printed in the newspapers. to the hospital in an unconscious condition. Down through the years the scandals that have backward off the steps. Canton which in McKinley's Day was in the community has furnished its share of eminent Mahoning County Bar. Albeit on occasion there have been unusual County's first convicted murderer, was taken From the creation of Mahoning County this although that title was not then used.
His son, This change in county seat was achieved hospital, he issued a statement asserting that he The murals over the rotunda, the paintings Sterling was hanged behind the new Mahon- of Mahoning Valley citizens even in straying ing County courthouse at the corner of Wick Canfield still has many of the county institu- Ohio and ranks among the finest structures of from Canfield along with other wards and with integrity and rectitude. The present building no matter what may be from the path of duty.One county official fell get the county seat.It served until the present battled raged to the U.S. Supreme Court and is one of the most impressive courthouses in members of the Ohio Supreme Court and one, sisted for many years, but is now forgotten. But when the afflicted officialrecovered at the had merely imbibed too heavily and had fallen by a one-vote majority in the Legislature.
Can- experiment farm as well as the Mahoning by private capital as part of the campaign to George Tod was an early Ohio chief justice political career came when his home was in fitting tribute to the great traditions of the structure was completed in 1908. involved Mahoning County oficials have been among counsel for Canfield was no less a person said about its waste of space and lack of utility, David Tod also a lawyer became Ohio's Civil It was rumored he had met foul play.A dent a few years later. One more birth pain was needed before steal" at every step of the way. The court than James A. Garfield who was elected presi- War governor. Mahoning County has never tions, sanatorium, county home and county County Fair. But when Sterling, Mahoning Hon. Howard M. Metzenbaum Hon. Robert Taft, Jr. Mr. Charles W.
Pratt Regional Director, Midwest Columbus, Ohio 43211 1974 Region Location Name Canfield 10/8/74 MMott/cha Date Entered The Ohio Historical Society Mahoning County STATE OHIO Also Notified Interstate #7l at 17th Avenue ENTRIES IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER Acting Director State Historic Preservation Officer Old Mahoning County Courthouse Hon. Charles J. Carney
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