Nomination for Bartlett-Russell-Hedge House

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

Form No. 10-300 (Rev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE DATA SHEET FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM RECEIVED APR 6 1976 DATE ENTERED APR 3.0 1976 2 3 4 SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS NAME HISTORIC Bartlett-Russell-Hedge House AND/OR COMMON Plymouth Federal Savings and Loan Association LOCATION STREET & NUMBER 32 Court Street CITY.

TOWN Plymouth STATE _ VICINITY OF CODE 025 -NOT FOR PUBLICATION CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT 12 COUNTY Plymouth Massachusetts CLASSIFICATION CODE 023 CATEGORY _DISTRICT XBUILDING(S) STRUCTURE _SITE _OBJECT OWNERSHIP PUBLIC XPRIVATE _BOTH PUBLIC ACQUISITION EIN PROCESS .BEING CONSIDERED STATUS X OCCUPIED _UNOCCUPIED _WORK IN PROGRESS ACCESSIBLE XYES: RESTRICTED _ YES: UNRESTRICTED _NO PRESENT USE AGRICULTURE _MUSEUM XCOMMERCIAL _PARK _EDUCATIONAL PRIVATE RESIDENCE LENTERTAINMENT _RELIGIOUS GOVERNMENT SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIAL _TRANSPORTATION MILITARY _OTHER: OWNER OF PROPERTY NAME Plymouth Federal Savings and Loan Association STREET & NUMBER 32 Court Street CITY. TOWN STATE Massachusetts 02360 Plymouth - VICINITY OF LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE. REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC. Plymouth County Registry of Deeds STREET & NUMBER Russell Street CITY.

TOWN STATE Massachusetts Plymouth REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS TITLE Inventory of the Historic Assets of the Commonwealth DATE 1967 DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS CITY. TOWN -FEDERAL *STATE COUNTY _LOCAL Massachusetts Historical Commission Boston STATE Massachusetts 7 DESCRIPTION CONDITION XEXCELLENT _GOOD FAIR _DETERIORATED _RUINS _UNEXPOSED CHECK ONE -UNALTERED X ALTERED CHECK ONE XORIGINAL SITE _MOVED DATE DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

Description of the property

The Bartlett-Russell-Hedge House was built c. 1803 on what was then the north corner of Court Square, now the corner of Court Street and North Russell. Court Street is one of Plymouth's major commercial areas, and the Bartlett-Russel1-Hedge House is surrounded by low commercial buildings from the later nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The Ply- mouth County buildings, including the Court House and the Registry of Deeds are located south of the house, on North Russel1 Street. The main block of the three-story hip roofed Federal house looks today essentially as it did when it was built; however, the kitchen ell to the southwest was altered and a low one-story structure added to the northwest when the house was bought by the Plymouth Federal Savings and Ioan Association in 1951.

At the same time, the front portico, which had been altered in the 1840's to a tetrastyle Doric porch with granite steps leading straight to the street, was reconstructed to its original appearance. The evidence for the reconstruction came from William T. Davis' account, "Memories of an Octogenarian", written in 1906, and from the discovery of a portion of the original cloverleaf column found in the back yard. Davis, in his account, noted that "The beautiful old porch of the house in question, rounded in shape and supported by clover leaf columns, harmonizing with the windows beneath and above it was replaced by the present one about 1840." The painted brick house is five bays wide and three deep.

The shuttered windows on the first and second floors have 6/6 sash and splayed lintels; the windows on the third floor also have splayed lintels, but in keeping with Federal period proportions, have 6/3 sash. The front door, with half sidelights and an elliptical fan light, is protected by the delicate Federal portico, supported by four slender cloverleaf columns and surmounted by a balustraded roof. A'palladian window looks out over the balustrades, and a large rec- tangular window divided by pilasters on the third floor and a pilastered panel on the roof balustrade echo the detail-of the palladian window and the front door. A belt course circles'the building between the first and second floor, and a Romanesque inspired corbel table is located under the cornice. An octagonal cupola with four shuttered windows and four arched louvered openings is located on the denter of the hip roof.

Since the facade of the building is not quite symmetrical, the cupola is not cen- tered over the front door and palladian window. Three of the four original inside end chimneys are still extant, with working fireplaces. A low one-story addition to the northwest and southwest was built in 1951 to house the bank's business functions. The well proportioned addition is set back from the house, with a wide plain entablature above the cornice, and a Corinthian columned portico topped by a pediment. The interior of the building has been beautifully maintained. The original mantels and paneling are intact, although some of the interior walls on the first and second floors have been moved around to create additional space. A significant interior feature is the elliptical cantilevered staircase which rises from the first floor all the way up to the cupola on the roof.

Another unusual feature is a doorway, leading from the staircase hall on the second floor to the back rooms, which has a Gothic ogee curved arched open- ing, with trefoil decoration. Also on the second floor is a large spring floor ballroom which runs the length of the northwest side. The first and second floors of the building are now used by the bank for their offices; the third floor is rented out to two accounting firms.

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

SIGNIFICANCE PERIOD _PREHISTORIC -1400-1499 _1500-1599 _1600-1699 _1700-1799 X1800-1899 -1900- AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE -- CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW -ARCHEOLUGY-PREHISTORIC _COMMUNITY PLANNING -LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE ARCHEOLOGY-HISTORIC _CONSERVATION LAW -AGRICULTURE -ECONOMICS -LITERATURE X ARCHITECTURE -EDUCATION -MILITARY ART -ENGINEERING -MUSIC X COMMERCE -EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT _PHILOSOPHY -COMMUNICATIONS -INDUSTRY -POLITICS/GOVERNMENT INVENTION. -RELIGION _SCIENCE -SCULPTURE -SOCIAL/HUMANITARIAN _THEATER _TRANSPORTATION _OTHER (SPECIFY) SPECIFIC DATES BUILDER

Statement of significance

/ARCHITECT c. 1803 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The occupants of the Bartlett-Russe11-Hedge House have played a significant role in the development of Plymouth, both economically and socially, and the building, a classic example of the Federal style, has great architectural merit. It is also significant as an excellent example of thoughtful and practical reuse of an originally residential structure to commercial use. Captain Joseph Bartlett, a Plymouth shipowner and merchant, bought a lot on the north cor- ner of Court Square in 1803, and built the present structure shortly thereafter. He lived in the house until 1820, when, because of financial reversals caused by the War of 1812 and the embargoes, he moved back to his former home on the south corner of Court Square.

His son William, who had been living in the "old" house since his marriage in 1814, changed places with his father and moved into the brick house. William turned the house into an Inn, called the Old Colony Hotel, and managed it for a couple of years. His son John was born in 1820, and spent the first few years of his life in the Bartlett- Russe11-Hedge House. .John, Later moved to Cambridge where he worked and then owned the University Book Store. He became very well known for his ability to identify and locate books and quotations, and eventually published Bartlett's Familiar Quotations. William Spooner and then Ezra Cushing succeeded William Bartlett in running the house as an inn, but in 1827 the house was bought by Nathaniel Russell, who again used the house as a residence. Russel1 was extensively engaged in the iron manufacturing business in collaboration with William T.

Davis and Barnabas Hedge, and after 1837, headed his own business. On his death in 1852 the house passed to his daughter Mary, who in turn left it to her brother, Nathaniel II. On the death of Nathaniel II the estate was purchased by his daughter, Catherine Elliott Russel1-Hedge. The Hedge family included a number of prominent individuals active in business and com- munity affairs. The late William R. Hedge was president of the Boston Insurance Com- pany and the Old Colony Insurance Company, and was a president of the Pilgrim Society. His sister, the late Lucia Hedge, was an artist of some note, and three of her oil sketches painted from the front windows of the house, are now hanging in the bank offices. On November 1, 1951 the building was acquired from the Hedge family by the Plymouth Fed- eral Savings and Loan Association.

The Association used great care in altering the building for their needs, and has done an excellent job in preserving the architectural integrity of the building while giving it a new use.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES Davis, William I-, "Plymouth Memories of an Octogenarian", Memorial Press, Plymouth, MA Davis, William I-, "Ancient Landmarks of Plymouth", A. Williams and Co., 1883 10 GEOGRAPHICAL DATA ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY UTM REFERENCES less than one acre A[1,9/ 1316,118,2,0 ZONE EASTING 14,614-6|2,0,01 NORTHING LIIL VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION EASTING NORTHING LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES STATE CODE COUNTY CODE STATE CODE COUNTY CODE 11 FORM PREPARED BY NAME/ TITLE Christine Boulding, Preservation Planner, and Walder J.

Engstrom ORGANIZATION Massachusetts Historical Commission DATE March 1976 STREET & NUMBER 294 Washington Street TELEPHONE 617-727-8470 CITY OR TOWN STATE Boston Massachusetts 02108 12 STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER CERTIFICATION THE EVALUATED SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS PROPERTY WITHIN THE STATE IS NATIONAL - STATE_ LOCAL As the designated State Historic Preservation Officer for the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER SIGNATURE Ejchut Qus Amadox TITLE Executive Director, Massachusetts Historical Commission DATE E 3/31/76 OR NPS USE ONLY I HEREBY CERTIFY THAN THIS PROPERE CLYOED IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER ATTEST: DIRECTOR OFFICE OF AACHEOLOGY AND HISTORIC PRESERVATION KEEPER OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER DATE DATE 1/30/26 4-30 ->6 GPO 888-445 Property Bartlett-Russe11-Hedge House State Massachusetts Working Number TECHNICAL Photos_1- Maps Plymouth 4.6.76.3017 CONTROL 4.9.16 HISTORIAN Accept E.

smith 4-11-76 ARCHITECTURAL HISTORIAN Winnal statemens -) archil sgnycat Ok ii commerce Accept 4/14/76 Hlaneypra ca tikratime se:Brattr Fanalianenerent Rlavoltlulerman I am confused by directous eMo Went shecto for map, pholos sK lbouich ARCHEOLOGIST OTHER HAER Inventory - Review REVIEW UNIT CHIEF Accepo COlE 4-21-76 BRANCH CHIEF KEEPER National Register Write-up Federal Register Entry 6-1-76 Send-back- Re-submit Entered United States Department of the Interior National Park Service WASO No. 7 4.30-76 APR 301976 INT:2106-74 COURT SI PLYMOUTH FEDERAL SAVINCS AND LOAN ASSOCIATION Bartlett-Russe11-Hedge House, Plymouth, MA Studio 1, August 1975 298 Court Street, No. PLymoutn, looking east at the northeast facade and the st southeast elevation photo #1nf~ APR 6 1976 11998.

Qpril 50,1925 PROPERFY OF THE NATONAL RECSTEDIO ONE PLYMOUTH KINGSTON ONE WAY BartLett-Russe11-Hedge House, Plymouth, MA Studio Iy August 1975 298 Court Street, Plymouth cu. MA 1ooking northeast at rear (southwest) elevation photo #2 -2 APR G 1976 Y1428_ apl, 30 PROPERTY OF THE NATONAL REGISTER STUDIO ONE PLYMOUTH KINGSTON 3: WASO-166 (August 1971) U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE TELEPHONE REPORT 1. CALL TO: FROM (Name) Chrestine Bouldery 3. SUBJECT, PROJECT NO., ETC. DATE 20 April 181976 TIME OF CALL 2 eM 2. ADDRESS (Tel. No. if needed) Mas Hest'l Conm 617-727-8470 Bartlett Russell-Hedge House nom. 4. DETAILS OF DISCUSSION O Luesteonied agruficanee of goun Bartlett (Bartletts Zanaliar Quolatzony) to property. Christre did not indicate Literaau as signefucant because Bartlett anly assoccaces ws house for 2 years as chied.

(1) Questoned volidity of portico reconstruchosi. was et bosed only on memous of au Octagenarian o column grapment found on site? Ale avy old veirs avalable? Chrstie avll chech cnte thir, if more specefu info d/or ald reu avaclable shet uiel frroad it te swas aor timiaton. / told her ae world not hald up nomenation.

AME OF PERSON PLACING/RECEIVING CALL Cark Hubermen OFFICE GPO 897-848 ENTRIES IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER MASSACHUSETTS STATE APR 3 0 1976 Date Entered Name The Stone Building Supertor Courthouse and Bartlett Mal1 The Follen Comnunity Church Sanda, Hizam, House Lexington Green Historte Distriet South Congregationel Church Paine, Tinothy Heuse /Rertlet-Tuaeel1-tedge Rouse Location Lesington Miâdlesex County Newbuzyport Besex County Lexington Middlesex County Cambridge Middlesex County Leaington Middlesex County Springfield Hampden County Woreester Worcester County Plynouth Plymouth County 5/4/76 Mott:coc Hoa: Ward: Seoeedy Also Notified Hos. Hon. Paul Tsongas Hon. WPR:M Hon. Michael J. Harrington Thonas P. 0"Nei11, 3z. Hon. Hon. Bdwazd P. Boland Joseph D. Early Hon. Gexry E. Studds Regional Director, North Atlantic Region State Ilfatorie Preservation Offieer Mes. Elizabeth R.

Amadon Executive Director Massachusetts Historieal Conniasion 294 Washingtos Street Boston, Massachusetts 02108 INT: 2950-75 - 1 3 MASS. HIST. COMM. Mass. CHRONICLE CALBRIDSE, LASS. W. 13,735 MAY 27 1975 Esglari Nereein PLYMOUTH, TLASS. W. 10,700 27 1976 Englanh "Guzzi announces inclusion of bank büilding in Historic Register BOSTON-Secretary of State Paul early part of his life, later published Guzzi has announced that the Bartlett- Bartlett's Familiar Quotations. Russell-Hedge House, 32 Court St., The house was used as an inn during Plymouth, has been included in the Na- the early. 1800's until it was purchased tional Register of Historic Places by the by Nathaniel Russell, who again turned National Park Service. The house was it into a residence. Russell was engaged nominated fór the National Register by in the iron manufacturing business.

the Massachusetts Historical Commis- The Hedge family eventually became . There are nine other sites in Plymouth which are in the register. In- clusion in the register means that they are eligible to apply for National Park Service grants for preservation of the properties. The house was built in 1803by Cap- tain Joseph Bartlett, a Plymouth -shipowner and merchant. His grandson John, who lived in the house during the owners of the house. William R. Hedge was a president of the Boston Insurance Company and the Old Colony Insurance Company and president of the Pilgrim Society: The building is now owned by the Plymouth Federal Savings and Loan Association. The first two floors are used by the bank, while the third floor is rented to two accounting firms.

ian Bantlett NATIONAL REGISTER DATA SHEET ONAME as it appeds on federal register: Old Colony Hotel 3 date of entry: county code: Bartlett-Russel1-Hedge House Plymouth Federal Savings and Loan Association 4-30-76 023 5) LOCATION street/ & number city / town vicinity of county 32 CourtSt. Plymouth MA 6NPS REGION: Plymouth North Atlantic ) OWNER PRIVATE LOSTATE OMUNICIPAL -COUNTY -MULTIPLE FEDERAL(agency name) 8ADMINISTRATOR: 9 EXISTING SURVEYS CHABS CHAER ONHL (10) FUNDED? DYES II)CONGRESS. DISTRICT 12 12 SOURCE of NOMINATION TATE - FEDERAL if state who prepared form? WITHIN NATIONAL REGISTER HISTORIC BISTRIET! BHAL HISTORIC LANOMARK? ACREAGE OYES.

NAME OLOCAL OPRIVATE ORGANIZATION 1CONDITION - deteriorated Aexcellent Oruins Ogood Ounexposed Ounaltered Dfair -reconstructed Dunexcavated Dexcavated 1SACCESS YES-Restricted DYES - Unrestricted - No Access * AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE : DENGINEERING -11 CARCHEOLOGY - prehistoric-2 -COMMERCE-6 DENTERTAINMENT-26 -ARCHEOLOGY-historic-1 - COMMUNICATIONS-7 -EXPLORATION - 12 JEAGRICULTURE -3 - CONSERVATION- 8 -HEALTH - 27 M ARCHITECTURE-4 - ECONOMICS- 9 - INDUSTRY - 13 -ART-5 -EDUCATION-10 - INVENTION -14 Aoriginal site 1features: - LOSUBSTANTIALLY INTACT-1 Omoved 2ONOT INTACT-O Ounknown EOUNKHOWN-4 20 NOT APPLICABLE -7 19 ADAPTIVE USE SYES ONO SAVED?

DYES - POLITICS / GOVT.* 21 -RECREATION -28 CRELIGION- 22 CSETTLEMENT-29 - SCIENCE- 23 -URBAN PLANMING-31 C SOCIAL/HUMANITARIAN-24 DOTHER (SPECIFY) - SOCIAL / CULTURAL- 30 - TRANSPORTATION - 25 -SUBSTANTIALLY INTACT-2 2 OSUBSTANTIALLY INTACT - 3 OO NOT INTACT-O QONOT INTACT - O WOUNKNOWN-5 >OUNKNOWN -6 5O NOT APPLICABLE-8 ZONOT APPLICABLE - 9 - Unknown DLANDSCAPE ARCH.- 15 PLAW-16 ECLITERATURE - 17 - MILITARY- 18 - MUSIC - 19 - PHILOSOPHY -20 IS PROPERTY A HISTORIC DISTRICT? Dyes @CLAIMS: explain 'first'D 'oldest' O 'only' D 3 functions WHEN HISTORICALLY SIGNIFICANT: HOUSE, HOTEL CURRENTLY: BANK a6 architectural style(s): nederal * landscape architect / garden designer: (31 interior decorator: @dates of initial construction: c.

1803 major alterations : historic events: ETHNIC GROUP ASSOCIATION @architect: master builder: engineer: artist: artisan: builder/contractor: NAMES give role & date John Bartlett (1820-1903), compiler and sx*g*nak publisher of original edition of Bartlett's PERSONAL: Familiar Quotations (1855). Lucia Hedge, artist, and William R. Hedge, President of Boston Insurance Company EVENTS: were members of the last family to occupy the house.

pydghe housddent of Boston Insurance Company and O1d Colony Insurance Co., INSTITUTIONAL: NATIONAL REGISTER WRITE-UP Brick, painted; 3stories, modified rectangle, Low-pitched hipped roof with eavesrarling aud etogena sete cupig ives pe eicrne pies fasiny ad aidige ite peairy boael neded arer, tureunting lar at sindony aon for Captain Joseph Bartlett, Plymouth shtptrnest ereters, a dor as poone or ant , er fertas opcrnet of ile heuer oce, colt toftm touot eer luring his early boyheodr _date _1|10/78 IIF ADDITIONAL SPACE NEEDED, NUMBER & PUT ON REVERSE