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Decorative drawing: an ornate nineteenth-century American house. Not a photograph of this place.

Nomination for Lorain Lighthouse

The case file that argued this property on to the National Register: 2,056 words across 10 pages, filed in 1978. Read by 4 independent recognisers, of which at least 3 had to agree before a line was published.

Source document Held by the National Archives in Record Group 79 as reference 78002108, where it exists only as a scan with no text layer. The words below were read off that scan by 4 independent recognisers at two resolutions. Only lines that at least 3 of them returned identically appear below; where they disagreed, the line is withheld rather than guessed, so some of the form's furniture is missing. Spelling is never corrected, so a stray character that all the readers agreed on is the recogniser's and the typewriter's.. Nothing is summarised, corrected or written by this site. See the catalogue record, or return to the property.

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

Form No. 10-300 REV. (9/77) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM DEC 2 9 1978 SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS AND/OR COMMON STREET & NUMBER West breakwall, Lorain Harbor NOT FOR PUBLICATION CITY.

TOWN , CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT - VICINITY OF PRESENT USE _DISTRICT X UNOCCUPIED X PRIVATE _WORK IN PROGRESS PRIVATE RESIDENCE PUBLIC ACQUISITION -IN PROCESS - YES: RESTRICTED _SCIENTIFIC O -BEING CONSIDERED OWNER OF PROPERTY 509 Washington Avenue 5 LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION REGISTRY OF DEEDS,ET Lrain County Administration Building 226 Middle Avenue REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS Ohio Historic Inventory DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS 093 039 44035 LOCATION HISTORIC OBJECT DATE BOTH Lorain CLASSIFICATION EDUCATIONAL TRANSPORTATION CODE COUNTY Elyria CATEGORY NAME Ohio PARK STATE INDUSTRIAL ACCESSIBLE MILITARY AGRICULTURE OWNERSHIP COMMERCIAL RELIGIOUS GOVERNMENT Lorain County Historical Society Lorain Lighthouse STATUS PH0687596 Lorain County Regional Planning Commission _ENTERTAINMENT COURTHOUSE. DATE ENTERED TITLE July 1976 Donald J.

Pease XBUILDING(S) -STRUCTURE _PUBLIC _OTHER: -SITE - MUSEUM - FEDERAL X STATE COUNTY _LOCAL XNO DESCRIPTION X UNALTERED XORIGINAL SITE X FAIR structure, accessible only by boat.The concrete base rises about fifteen feet above the water and large irregular pieces of stone piled up randomly. When the harbor improvements at Lordin were made in 909, this lighthouse was constructed as the and other apparatus to refract the light into one direction. This commonly used dioptric lens was CONDITION Fresnel lens. This lens has, however, been removed and a small red marker light inserted in its place. gallery, recreation room and The third floor houses a fresh water tank, equipment storage and oil tanks and a paint locker.

The first floor contains the engine room, with air compressors for the EXCELLENT MOVED The walls of the lighthouse are composed of ten and a half inch poured concrete, tile and steel. tial character. Window openings are regularly spaced, as on a house, and have steel exterior shut- The building is a rectangular structure with all of its walls built of poured concrete. It is three a small round structure that houses the beacon. There is no ornament on this building, other than the lighthouse. The southern edge of the platform is joined by the breakwall, which is composed of The lighthouse originally utilized a holophotal lens, composed of a large glass cylinder with mirrors part of extensive improvements to the Lorain harbor made in the 1960's, a new outer breakwall was was used as a marker light to define the edge of the east breakwall for ships entering the harbor.

As the mechanism for the fog horn. The beacon is located atop the building, 58 feet above Lake Erie. primary light, used to guide ships info the Lorain harbor. Three people from the U.S. Coast Guard railings at the base and around the cupola of the building. The vertical proportions of the lighthouse, were stationed at this lighthouse and charged with operating the light. Another light, much smaller, The lighthouse structure rests atop a large rectangular concrete foundation in Lake Erie. It is invented by Jean Augustin Fresnel, later perfected by Thomas Stevenson, and is sometimes called a ters, which give the building, from a distance, even more residential character. The lighthouse tower The baseboards and window frames are made of steel. The basement contains a fresh water pump, fuel lighthouse.

In the twelve years since its abandonment, deterioration has taken its toll, although the constructed, necessitating the removal of the primary harbor light to the outer edge of this wall. A new automatic light was put into operation in early 1966 and this building ceased to function as a fog horn, and auxiliary power generators. The second floor has the living spaces, a bunk room, its steep gable roof and the asymmetrical tower give it a quaint, picturesque appearance, however. CHECK ONE forms a platform for the lighthouse with space for a ten foot walkway around the perimeter of the located at the northern tip of the western breakwall of Lorain harbor. The lighthouse is an isolated stories tall and has a raised basement. The building is topped by a gable roof that gives it a residen- basic structure remains solid.

- DETERIORATED rises from the northeast corner of the building.lt is a square, cupola-like structure that extends just - UNEXPOSED DATE. -GOOD DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE beyond the roof of the lighthouse. The tower is capped by an exterior walkway with balustrade and - RUINS AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE -- CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW _LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE ARCHEOLOGY-HISTORIC SCIENCE AGRICULTURE X ARCHITECTURE -SOCIAL/HUMANITARIAN ART -OTHER (SPECIFY) SPECIFIC DATES STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

Statement of significance

fast vanishing from America. It has been a prominent landmark in Lorain harbor since its construction movement of traffic from the shipyards, that a dredged channel and breakwalls be constructed. The lighthouse was an integral part of these improvements, as it served to guide ships into the harbor In 1965 the federal Government announced that a contract for demolition of the lighthouse had General Services Administration declared the building surplus property and put it up for disposal. A building for sale was picked up by a wire service and used in newspapers all over the world. Finally, 1909 1400-1499 1700-1799 1800-1899 1600-1699 1500-1599 by city council.

After nearly a year of negotiations, in which ex-Congressman Mosher played a key EDUCATION SIGNIFICANCE BUILDER/ARCHITECT PERIOD EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT SCULPTURE THEATER been awarded, since a new, unmanned and totally automated light was being erected further out, MILITARY unknown INVENTION The lighthouse was erected in 1909 at a cost of $19,800 by the Light House Board as part of fed- of the lighthouse was organized and a resolution supporting preservation of the lighthouse was passed LITERATURE profit organization is charged with finding funds for restoration and maintenance of the building. erally sponsored improvements to the Lorain harbor. The Johnson Steel Company had located a major XINDUSTRY and is visible from the shore as well as from Lake Erie.

Its rather isolated setting imparts a picturesque, _POLITICS/GOVERNMENT yet very isolated atmosphere that is commonly associated with lighthouses. In addition, the lighthouse of which this lighthouse was a part, that enabled Lorain to meet the needs of its new heavy industry Like many older lighthouses, this building was built as a residence as well as a light station. MUSIC picturesque photo showing a silhouette of the building against a sunset over Lake Erie advertising the X.TRANSPORTATION necessary in order to facilitate the loading and transfer of iron ore and coal and to insure the safe has a strong connection with the development of Lorain, since it was the extensive harbor improvements role, the Coast Guard finally relented and the demolition contract was cancelled. In 1973 the :steel mill in Lorain in 1894 and a large shipbuilding company had located in Lorain as well.

It was of concrete and steel so that the building could resist the fierce storms for which Lake Erie is famous. X_ENGINEERING -COMMUNICATIONS The Lorain Lighthouse is an interesting and quite unique example of a type of structure that is along a new breakwall.This touched off a local controversy.A citizens group for the preservation _PREHISTORIC _ECONOMICS _CONSERVATION in 1976,title to the building was transferred to the Lorain County Historical Society and the non- from Lake Erie and served asa reference point for those travelling to other destinations.Itwas built - PHILOSOPHY - RELIGION -COMMERCE at the turn of the century. X1900- -LAW _COMMUNITY PLANNING - ARCHEOLOGY-PREHISTORIC

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES O GEOGRAPHICAL DATA ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY - QUADRANGLE NAME QUADRANGLE SCALE UTM REFERENCES VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES STATE - 11 FORM PREPARED BY NAME / TITLE Steven McQuillin, planner STREET & NUMBER 21 Turner Block, Court Street (216) 322-4725 CITY OR TOWN 12 STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER CERTIFICATION THE EVALUATED SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS PROPERTY WITHIN THE STATE IS: NATIONAL - As the designated State Historic Preservation Officer for the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665).I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER SIGNATURE FOR NPS USE ONLY GPO 921-803 44035 ORGANIZATION DATE CODE NORTHING COUNTY Adams, William H.D., Lighthouses and Lightships, London: T.

Nelson and Sons, 1871, pp 77-94. Elyria TELEPHONE Newsclipping file folder in the possession of Wayne Conn, 2300 Harborview Drive, Lorain, Ohio The nominated property is located at the northern tip of the western breakwall in Lorain Harbor. Lorain County Regional Planning Commission May 1978 ZONE EASTING less than one It includes the lighthouse structure and the large concrete foundation upon which the building rests DATE 12.29.78 KEGTER OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER ZONE ATTEST: LOCAL X CHEF OE REGISTRATION Photos - ARCHITECTURAL HISTORIAN Inventory - REVIEW UNIT CHIEF BRANCH CHIEF National Register Write-up Send-back _ Federal Register Entry United States Department of the Interior -Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service KEEPER OTHER HAER CONTROL ARCHEOLOGIST Review HISTORIAN Re-submit Property Maps 2.6.79 78002108 State OH. 1229.78 DEC 2 9 1978 Entered TECHNICAL 2.6.78 1.

Lorain Lighthouse 2 9 1978 David C. Hill 4. June 1978 5. Lorain County Regional Planning Commission Southeast corner, looking northwest 7. LLH-1 NOV 1 41978 Lorain,Ohio 1. Lorain Lighthous e DEC 2 9 1978 2. Lorain, Ohio 3. David C. Hill 4. June 1978 5. Lorain County Regional Planning Commission 6. Northwest corner, looking southeast 7. LLH-2 17 /400 600/4592230 UNITED STATES LORAIN QUADRANGLE Lorain Lighthouse DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR DEPARTMENT OF HIGHWAYS UTM Refere OHO_ORAIN CO LORAIN, OHIO ¡YOV 14 1978 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY STATE OF OHIO DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) DEC 2 9 1978 Cast, Matthtas, House and General Store Innaculate Conception Church, School and Rectory Honorable Howard M. Metzenbaum Honorable Willis D. Gradison, Jr. Dr. Thomas H. Smith Columbus, Ohio 43211 For further information, please call the National Register at (202) 343-6401.

STATE Lorain Lighthouse Director Name Cincinnati Lorain County Hamilton County Also Notified Date Entered State Historic Preservation Officer Honorable Donald Pease Maria Stein The Ohio Historical Society Interstate7lat17th Avenue Mercer County ENTRIES IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER OHTO Byers/bjr Lorain 1/23/79 Location DEC 2 8 1978m Ritter, William, House Timken, Henry H., Barn Bair, Jacob H., House Honorable John Glern, Jr. Honorable Charles A. Yanik Honorable William H. Harsha For further information, please call the National Register at (202)343-6401.

Canton STATE Canton vicinity Mountain House Shelby County Lake County Unionville Mendon Mansfield Mercer County Richland County Date Entered Honorable Ralph Regula Cuyahoga County Unionville District School Sidney Waterworks and Electric Light Building Chillicothe Athens County Nelsonville Also Notified ENTRIES IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER Honorable Tennyson Guyer Honorable John W. Stanton Honorable John M.

Ashbrook Stark County Honorable Clarence Miller Chagrin Falls Ross County Stuart's Opera House Chagrin Falls Triangle Park Comercial District Sidney Mendon Town Hall Name Location 2 OTHER NAMES: 4 county code: DEC 2 9 1978 city / town - STATE SOURCE of NOMINATION - FEDERAL - deteriorated Oaltered Oexcellent 2 C NOT INTACT-O Ounexposed - Unknown Ounexcavated MO NOT APPLICABLE - 9 * No Access AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE : C LANDSCAPE ARCH.- 15 -RECREATION -28 QCLAIMS: explain - POLITICS/ GOVT.- 21 CARCHEOLOGY - prehistoric-2 - ENTERTAINMENT-26 - LAW- 16 C RELIGION- 22 C SETTLEMENT-29 CARCHEOLOGY -historic-1 - COMMUNICATIONS-7 -EXPLORATION - 12 - LITERATURE- 17 - SCIENCE- 23 'oldest' O C AGRICULTURE-3 - CONSERVATION - 8 C HEALTH-27 - MILITARY - 18 - ECONOMICS- 9 - INDUSTRY-13 - MUSIC - 19 - SOCIAL / CULTURAL - 30 'only' D - EDUCATION-10 - INVENTION -14 - PHILOSOPHY - 20 - TRANSPORTATION -25 23 functions major alterations : @ architectural style(s): landscape architect / garden designer: " interior decorator: _date.

IF ADDITIONAL SPACE NEEDED, NUMBER& PUT ON REVERSE Lorain CONDITION ASSOCIATION builder/contractor: ENGINEERING-11 vicinity of PERSONAL: INSTITUTIONAL: EVENTS: Lorain Harbor artist: PRIVATE ORGANIZATION CURRENTLY: Lorain Lighthouse ARCHITECTURE-4 historic events: ART-5 COMMERCE-6 ADMINISTRATOR: WHEN HISTORICALLY SIGNIFICANT: master builder: NATIONAL REGISTER WRITE-UP URBAN PLANNING-31 if state who prepared form? SUBSTANTIALLY INTACT-3 Coriginal site NATIONAL REGISTER DATA SHEET Dfeatures: SAVED? YES Oruins Omoved CNPS REGION: NAME as it appears on federal register: 6artisan: -reconstructed engineer: dates of initial construction: LOCAL reviewers initials. street & number architeot: NAMES give role & date