Nomination for Caledonia Bowstring Bridge

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

Form No. 10-300 (Rev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE JAN 31 1978 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED MAY 23 1978 SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS AND/OR COMMON STREET & NUMBER NOT FOR PUBLICATION CITY.

TOWN CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT 7 - Brown - VICINITY OF PRESENT USE X PUBLIC COMMERCIAL XWORK IN PROGRESS PRIVATE RESIDENCE PUBLIC ACQUISITION X_YES: RESTRICTED -IN PROCESS BEING CONSIDERED - YES: UNRESTRICTED OWNER OF PROPERTY 5 LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS 039 None OBJECT CODE LOCATION Courthouse DATE COUNTY Marion TITLE STATE 101 CATEGORY AGRICULTURE RELIGIOUS HISTORIC OWNERSHIP ACCESSIBLE Caledonia PARK GOVERNMENT CLASSIFICATION INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT MILITARY SCIENTIFIC SITE Ohio NAME PRIVATE RECEIVED STATUS XSTRUCTURE XTRANSPORTATION Village of Caledonia BUILDING(S) _ENTERTAINMENT Caledonia Bowstring Bridge - EDUCATIONAL Spanning the Olentangy River - UNOCCUPIED _MUSEUM -OTHER: -BOTH REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC.

-FEDERAL STATE COUNTYLOCAL FOR NPS USE ONIYT Marion County Engineer's Office DESCRIPTION -ORIGINAL SITE X ALTERED UNEXPOSED DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

Description of the property

have been removed. CONDITION UNALTERED DETERIORATED EXCELLENT RUINS XFAIR CHECK ONE umns which in cross-section are formed of four flanged longitudinal segments around the piers and beams to form ramps to the deck.The deck has not yet been I-beam stretching between the two piers at each end.Fill material was packed is additional top diagonal lateral bracing between these two girders.The The bridge is now positioned on abutments composed of concrete piers and the base for each abutment.The arch shoes of the bridge are seated on the bowstring arch-truss of wrought iron.The arches are composed of Phoenix-type' col- structed of double flat rolled bars.

The Caledonia Bowstring Bridge is a 104 foot long and 16 foot wide _GOOD DATApril, 1976 by the two patented lattice girders which stretch between the tops of each They are bolted to both the arches and the verticals below, and there wooden deck is supported by I floor beams that rest on the lower chord con- blocks through which the verticals supporting the deck are bolted.The verti- The main bracing against lateral movement is provided completely replaced and the modern steel guardrails that were added by the county tension rod bracing. cals alternate between lattice work and angle bars and have round diagonal X_MOVED AREAS OF

Statement of significance

of Canton, Ohio. bridge was patented in 1873 by David Hammond, Job Abbott, and Michael Adler. The design utilized an overhead lattice work brace that provided, at a minimal cost, lateral and vertical stiffness under rolling loads for an arch structure. Hammond, Abbott, and Adler were all employees of the Wrought Iron Bridge Company. David Hammond was a native of Stark County, Ohio, where he learned the Job Abbott was the vice-president and chief engineer of the company, and structures throughout the New England, Eastern, Midwest, Southern, and Southwestern strength, durability, resistance to corrosiveness, and working loads for wrought 1500-1599 ART X1800-1899 SCIENCE XENGINEERING PERIOD RELIGION POLITICS/GOVERNMENT XTRANSPORTATION PREHISTORIC ARCHITECTURE SIGNIFICANCE SCULPTURE MILITARY EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT INDUSTRY LITERATURE iron structures.

_COMMERCE ering history in Ohio and the Midwest because of its rare metal bowstring The Caledonia Bowstring Bridge represents an important segment of engine- intersection Pratt through trusses;combination trusses;and girder and swing The Caldonia Bowstring Bridge originally spanned the Scioto River along with wrought iron bridges over wood or cast iron.The same Book of Designs included traffic for several years because of its inability to meet modern load capacities. Michael Adler was the general superintendent.

The bowstring arch-truss was first patented in 184l by the famous bridge _COMMUNICATIONS Iron Bridge Company five years later with himself as president.Hammond was carpenter trade.He began building bridges in 186l and organized the Wrought _SOCIAL/HUMANITARIAN -1600-1699 a history of iron bridge buildings in Europe and America, and articles on the -1700-1799 arch-truss type and its fabrication in 1873 by the Wrought Iron Bridge Company the patentee of a number of bridge designs and improvements in the 1860s and - CONSERVATION - EDUCATION -1400-1499 The bridge was relocated to Caledonia in 1976 by the county engineer's office a variety of bowstring arches; deck arches; low trusses;single, double and triple -ECONOMICS -MUSIC _1900- - LAW ARCHEOLUGY-PREHISTORIC COMMUNITY PLANNING PHILOSOPHY in order to build a new structure on its former site..

The Village plans to use 1873 The Wrought Iron Bridge Company became one of the leading and widest ranging Their Book of Designs of Wrought Iron Bridges published in 1874 included They were also among the forerunners in heralding the advantages of - INVENTION a small steel truss on the Espyville Road in the same county.It was closed to metal bridge fabrication firms in the nation.They circulated agents and erected states.T 9

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES Bowen, 1904. 10 GEOGRAPHICAL DATA ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY less than one UTM REFERENCES VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES STATE X 11 FORM PREPARED BY NAME / TITLE June 10, 1977 STREET & NUMBER I-71 and 17th Avenue CITY OR TOWN 12 STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER CERTIFICATION THE EVALUATED SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS PROPERTY WITHIN THE STATE IS: NATIONAL - LOCAL - As the designated State Historic Preservation Officer for the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665), I criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service. STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER SIGNATURE I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS PROPERTY IS INCLUPED IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER park.

CODE TELEPHONE ZONE ORGANIZATION DATE NORTHING COUNTY Columbus Ohio ATTEST: Book of Designs of Wrought Iron Bridges Built by the Wrought Iron Bridge Company of Canton, line of the town of Caledonia just off of route 746 in the Caledonia Village FOR NPS USE ONLY 5-12-78 GPO 892-453 Ohio. Canton: Hartzell & Saxton, 1874. David A. Simmons Historian, Ohio Historic Preservation Office hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the EASTING Form No. 10-300a (Rev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED JAN 31 1976 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES MAY 23 1978 INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM CONTINUATION SHEET 1 Historical Society, 1949. D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1873.

Bibliography DATE ENTERED GPO 892 455 Official Gazette of the United States Patent Office.Vol.III.Washington, Illustrated Pamphlet of Wrought Iron Bridges Built By the Wrought Iron Photos ARCHITECTURAL HISTORIAN National Register Write-up OTHER KEEPER ARCHEOLOGIST TECHNICAL HAER Maps Send-back Re-submit CONTROL HISTORIAN Federal Register Entry BRANCH CHIEF Marion Working Numbey. 31. 78.23 4 78002131 State OH REVIEW UNIT CHIEF MAY 2 3 1978 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service WASO No. 7 Entered Inventory Caledonia Bowstring Bridge, Marion Co., Ohio Photo; David Simmons, Feb. 1977 JAN 31 1978 MAY 2 3 1978 View of south perspective Negative: Ohio Historic Preservation Office PROPERTY OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER 1.85 2/77 Caledonia B owstring Bridge, Marion Co., Ohio Photo: David Simmons, Feb.

1977 JAN 31 1978 MAY 23 1978 Negative: Ohio Historic Preservation Office View of arch and south web PROPERTY OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER New site Caledonia Bowstring Bridge, Marion Co., Ohio Photo: David Simmons, Feb. 1977 JAN 3 1 1978 MAY 2 3 1978 TROPERTY OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER Detail of Construction Negative: Ohio Historic Preservation Office 2/77 Photo: David Simmons, Feb. 1977 Portal View JAN 3 1 1978 MAY 2 3 1978 Negative: Ohio Historic Preservation Office Caledonia Bowstring Bridge, Marion Co., Ohio PROPERTY OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER 2/77 CLOSED ROAD Caledonia Bowstring Bridge, Marion Co., Ohio Photo: Jeff Darbee, Dec. 1975 Negative: Ohio Historic Preservation Office 5.g5 JAN 311978 MAY 2 3 1978 PROPERTY OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER View on original location 5.

g5 MAY 2 3 1978 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES CALEDONIA QUADRANGLE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY STATE OF OHIO MAY 2 3 1978 Gabel, Daniel, House Sunday Creek Coal Company Mine No. 6 Honorable John H. Glenn, JI. Dr. Thomas E. Smith Honorable Ronald M. Mott1 Columbus, Ohio 43211 Location Georgetown Mott/bjr Athens County Marion County 6/2/78 Jackson County Caledonia Name Society Also Notified Terra Vista Prehistoric District Seven Hills Date Entered Oak Hill Welsh Congregational Church Georgetown Historic District Cuyahoga County State Historic Preservation Officer Caledonia Bowstring Bridge Honorable William H. Harsha Honorable Howard M. Metzenbaum Honorable Clarence E. Miller Honorable Clarence J.

Brown ENTRIES IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER Oak H111 Director, The Ohio Historical Interstate 7l at 17th Avenue East Millfield vicinity Brown County STATE OHIO 3) date of entry: - county code: MAY 2 3 1978 N of Caledonia, spans Olentangy River 12)SOURCE of NOMINATION M FEDERAL D deteriorated 17) features: Omoved 2 C NOT INTACT-O Dunexposed - Unknown Ounexeavated ZO NOT APPLICABLE -9 - No Access " AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE : - LANDSCAPE ARCH.- 15 - POLITICS / GOVT.* 21 -RECREATION -28 OCLAIMS: explain -ARCHEOLOGY - prehistoric -2 'first'O L ENTERTAINMENT -26 C LAW - 16 C RELIGION- 22 C SETTLEMENT-29 - ARCHEOLOGY-historic-1] - COMMUNICATIONS-7 -EXPLORATION -12 - LITERATURE- 17 - SCIENCE- 23 'oldest' O - AGRICULTURE -3 - CONSERVATION - 8 C HEALTH-27 C MILITARY - 18 - ARCHITECTURE-4 - ECONOMICS- 9 C INDUSTRY -13 - MUSIC - 19 - SOCIAL / CULTURAL - 30 'only' D - ART-5 - EDUCATION-10 C INVENTION - 14 - PHILOSOPHY - 20 - TRANSPORTATION - 25 3 functions major alterations : ( landscape arohiteet / garden designer: ) interior decorator: date IF ADDITIONAL SPACE NEEDED, NUMBER & PUT ON REVERSE 101 Marion ETHNIC PH0661694 CONDITION Caledonia ASSOCIATION PERSONAL: ENGINEERING-11 GROUP INSTITUTIONAL: EVENTS: artisan: artist: CURRENTLY: COMMERCE-6 PRIVATE ORGANIZATION historic events: Caledonia Bowstring Bridge reviewers initials Doriginal site NATIONAL REGISTER WRITE-UP dates of initial construction: master builder: SUBSTANTIALLY INTACT-1 URBAN PLANWING-31 WHEN HISTORICALLY SIGNIFICANT: ADMINISTRATOR: architectural style(s): NATIONAL REGISTER DATA SHEET XSTATE LOCAL form?

Dfair Dexcellent Dgood as it appears on federal register: NPS REGION: Oaltered SAVED? YES Oruins city / town 7 OWNER PRIVATE OSTATE X)MUNICIPAL OCOUNTY MULTIPLE FEDERAL(agency name) Pres. Office Oreconstrueted engineer : @builder/contractor: vicinity of ACREAGE 2OTHER NAMES: IS PROPERTY A HISTORIC DISTRICT?yesno