Granville Township (part 3 of 4)

The first division of lots having been disposed of, the proprietors proceeded to sell the four other sections, which were located in St. Albans, Hartford and Bennington townships.

Almost every colonist was the owner of a lot, and most of the houses built and improvements made during the first winter were confined to the town plat, so that by the spring of 1806, Granville had assumed the metropolitan appearance of a small Indian village.

A house for the double purpose of school and church, was one of the first built. A school was taught during the winter, and worship was regularly held both forenoon and afternoon of each Sabbath. The colony had organized a church previous to leaving New England. The meeting at which this organization was effected, was held in East Granville, Massachusetts, May 1,1805. The official record is in rather quaint English, and is as follows:

'"We, the subscribers, ministers of the church of Christ, being at ast Granville, a number of individuals, serious persons, belonging to Granville, Massachusetts, and Granby, in Connecticut, and being about to remove to Granville, in the State of

Ohio, requested to be formed into a regular church state previous to their departure. We attended to their request and formed them accordingly, and recommend them tothe care and favor of the Great Head of the church. Likewise, at their request, we attended while they chose 'Timothy Rose and Levi Hayes for their deacons, and Samuel Everett, jr., their clerk. Signed] AARON CHURCH,

Nathaniel Gaylor

The confession of faith, the covenant and articles of discipline adopted by the church, are about the same as were in general acceptation and use In the Calvinistic churches of New England, of that day. The male members present and signing the articles of agreement were Samuel Everett Israel Wells, Joseph Simmel, Timothy Rose, Rea well Graves, Job Case, Samuel Thrall, Levi Hughes, Huron Rose, Samuel Everett, jr., Silas Winchel, and James Thrall.

The first meeting, according to the record held by this church after their arrival in Ohio, was February 7, 1806, at which they took into consideration the expediency of choosing a special committee to correspond with missionary societies and ministers of the gospel, on the subject of obtaining the ministrations of the word of God in this place. 'They chose for this purpose James Coe and Samuel Everett, jr.

June 15, 1806, this church had the sacrament of the Lord's Supper administered to the members for the first time since their removal here, by Rev. Samuel P. Robbins, pastor of the Congregational Church of Christ in Marietta. A regular record of the church proceedings were kept by the clerk, Mr. Everett. This record shows that various lectures were read by the secretaries, dating back as On Wednesday, February roth, a lecture was read by Mr. Hoge, a missionary of the general assembly. This was the Rev. Dr. Hoge, who settled about this time as pastor of the Presbyterian church at Franklinton, and removed with that church to Columbus, remaining its pastor until his death, in 1864. with that people covered a period of over fifty

April 24, 1808, Rev. Timothy Harris, a licentiate from Vermont, preached his first sermon in Granyille. On the nineteenth of December of that year, Mr. Harris was ordained pastor. Revs. Lyman Potter, Samuel P. Robbins, James Scott, John Wright, Jacob Lindley and Stephen Lindley were present and officiated. Mr. Harvis graduated at Middlebury college, Vermont, ard came to Granville a single man, but soon marri2d Bethiah Linnell, daughter of Joseph Linnell. He was a man of fair ability, good scholarship, great modesty and undoubted purity. He continued preaching many years in this church, and died about the His place was supplied by Rev. Ahab year 1822. Jenks, who was dismissed about 1825. It thought that Mr. Jenks became obnoxious to the church, or a portion of it, because he consented that the masons who were at work on a house he was building, late in the fall, might work on the Sabbath. After the dismissal of Mr. Jenks, they had no regular pastor until about 1827 or 1828, when Rev. Jacob Little was settled.

Just previous to the death of Mr. Harris, or from 1818 to 1822, the state of religion and morals was rather lowin Granville. Mr. Harris had become an invalid, meetings were not regularly held, and but little religious interest was manifested.

Illustrative of this, some of the young people devised a theatrical performance, and obtained permission of the church authorities to occupy the church for that purpose. A stage was improvised on the top of the unfinished pews. Tragedies were performed, and perhaps some farces; comic songs were sung, and the performances were continued two nights. No charge was made. 'The house was well filled; people coming from Newark and the surrounding neighborhoods. The names of a few of the performers were Matthew Adams, jr, Hiram Pettibone, Stephen Smith, Calvin K. Warner, William Wing and Jeremiah Jewett. The trustees, however, soon came to the conclusion that the church was not the proper place for such performances.

During Mr. Little's pastorate the following incident is said to have occurred: It was decided that a bell should be purchased for the church. An estimate was made as to' the cost, and a subscription raised to cover, as was supposed, the expense of procuring the bell and hanging it in the tower. A day was appointed for raising it to its place, and the people assembled in large numbers to witness the operation. 'Too late, it was ascertained that the cost of the bell and other expenses were much more than was expected, and no more money could be procured to pay this debt. Everything was ready, the people were assembled, and yet the raising was delayed, when it leaked out in some way that more money must be raised, to pay the deficiency, else the bell could not be put in its place. The assembled crowd did not propose to be cheated out of the object for which they came together; money enough was immediately raised to cover the debt and the bell put in its place. It is thought that this was the first church bell in the county.

A frame church edifice was erected about 1815, but not entirely finished until 1827, when Mr. Little took charge. 'This was the building in which occurred the theatrical performances. Prior to the erection of this frame church in 1815, two others

= had been in use by this congregation. One, a log, was erected in the winter of 1805-6, and was used until about 1810. It was used as a school-house and church together, and for other public meetings, About 1810 this congregation erected a small frame which was in use until 1815, when the larger frame above mentioned was erected. 'This latter building was removed about 1864, and the present fine brick edifice erected.

Dr. Little's pastorate extended over thirty-nine years. He was very popular, a man of ability and influence, and much beloved by his people. 'he society over which he presided was not only a religious society, but it had the courage as early as 1831 to take a strong stand against intemperance. Whiskey drinking, as is well known, was freely indulged in by men of all parties and conditions, as well as by church members, even the Puritan blood of this church not excepted. Dr. Little was' a prime mover in this first temperance society, and its influence soon became so potent for good that strong drink was no longer tolerated in the church.

Dr. Little was followed by Revs. David Beech and Mr. Dudley, and the present pastor, Rev. D. Deeilenveys and in a flourishing condition, having changed to Presbyterian about the time the old and new school Presbyterian churches united.

The Sunday-school of this church was first organizid soon after the advent of the colony in the county, and has been successfully continued until

It may be proper here to state that the first Presbyterian preaching in the township was probably by Rev. Thomas Marquis, in 1803. This gentleman visited the Raccoon valley at that date and preached a sermon in an unoccupied cabin, probably that erected by John Jones and vacated by him after the decease of his wife. Patrick Cunningham attended this service, and, like all the settlers at that time, was poor and had hoped some of them would tender the requisite hospitalities to the minister; but they all left without inviting him to remain over night, for the reason, pephaps, that each thought his means inadequate to entertain him properly. After all had left, Patrick, whose theological views were in sympathy with those of the preacher, told had nothing fit to set before him. On this subject a colloquy took place between them which developed the fact that corn for the horse, and milk, corn bread and potatoes for the preacher were on hand, whereupon a tarry until the next day was soon arranged. Mr. Marquis afterward, in 1807, held communion service in Newark for the few scattering Presbyterians, and this is about the extent of his operations in this county, so far as remembered. He was from Washington county, Pennsylvania.

The first Episcopal preaching in Granville, it is believed, was by Bishop Chase, of Kenyon college. On his way from the east, he passed through this place, wag requested to hold services and did so. His own short record of it is thus given in 1819: "On my way home, I preached and performed service at Granville. The audience, though assembled at two hours notice, was attentive, and further services were requested."

From time to time Episcopal services were held by different ministers passing through, but it did not become a regular preaching station until 1826, when Rey. N. G. Baldwin, taking Granville in connection with Zanesville and Newark, organized a parish here.

In proportion to its numerical strength and pecuniary ability, St. Luke's church ever set the other parishes of the diocese a good example. Zealous, active and liberal, though but a small band, the members in 1837, erected on the public square a house of worship, which externally was an ornament to the town, and internally tasteful aad neat. With furniture and organ, its total cost was a little over seven thousand dollars, in those days by no means a small sum.

St. Luke's was, for many years, self-supporting; _ able to keep a pastor of its own, and give him a respectable living; only, however, by great effort

That which mainly gave the church strength and stability was the presence of the ladies' seminary, connected with it. In 1838 Rey. Alvah Sandford commenced an Episcopal school for young ladies, which, for many years, was very successful. The buildings in which this school was kept, had been erected by a Baptist society under the lead of Charles Sawyer, in 1832. Mr Sawyer becoming embarrassed, was compelled to dispose of the buildings, and they were purchased by the Episcopal church.

This institution, passing into the hands of another principal, Rev. C. S. Doolittle, it was decided some years ago to remove it to Mansfield. This was a misfortune to the people of St. Luke's, as it deprived them at once of the regular services of a resident pastor - a deprivation which had the most depressing effect. Since that time the parish here has simply kept together, holding its own, perhaps; having a few additions from time to time, but losing by removals about as much as it gains.

The main consolation of the good people of St. Luke's is, that what has been their loss, has been gain to some other parish, that many of those who are an honor to the church, in other portions of the diocese, entered on their Christian course at Granville.

Rev. J. W. McCarty ministered to the church about ten years. Regular preaching has not been sustained since 1873, but occasional services are yet held. Rev. Hall now ministers to the people of this church occasionally.

The Rev. Edward Jones, now of Cincinnati, is believed to have preached the first Welsh sermon in Granville, at the residence of Mr. Jenkin Hughes, about the year 1834. About this time also, a Sabbath-school was organized. 'These services and Sunday-school exercises were conducted in a rented room over the post office.

At the organization in 1839, William Ellis, John Jones and William T. Williams were elected elders. J. J. Hughes and John R. Owens were subsequently elected.

The first church edifice was erected in 1843; this was succeeded, in 1856, by the building now occupied. Services in this church have always been conducted in Welsh.

The Welsh Hills Baptist church was organized September 4, 1808, in the cabin of David Thomas, by ° Elder James Sutton, assisted by Mr. Steadman. It was styled the "First Regular Baptist Church of Granville," because of its location in Granville township. It continued to be known by that name until 1819, when, upon the organization of the Regular Baptist church, in the village, its name was changed to its present title.

The original members of this organization, nine in number, were Theophilus Rees, David Thomas, jr., Nathan Allyn, jr., David Lobdell, Joshua Lobdell, Thomas Powell, Elizabeth Rees, Elizabeth Jones and Mary Thomas. 'Theophilus Rees was elected deacon, and Mr. Lobdell clerk.

They worshipped in private houses for some time, but a log building, with a puncheon floor, and, in size, about eighteen by twenty feet, was erected during the year 1809, on the Rees purchase, about one mile northeast of Granville, which was used, more or less, for a church and school-house several years, when a building, twenty by twenty-four feet was erected two miles north, of round logs, puncheon floor and pulpit.

Mr. Phillips donated a few acres of land in connection with this church for a cemetery, in which he and many of his family and descendants are buried.

ground for a cemetery where the original church stood, which is yet known as the "Welsh Hills cemetery," and in which he and his family are buried. It was given by him February 6, 1808, and on the same day, Rees, son of David Thomas, was buried there, being the first interment. David Lewis and Simon James dug the grave.

A school-house, standing at a point about midway between these meeting-houses, was used some years for church purposes, and private houses were, meanwhile, frequently used for this purpose, as well as churches. ,

In 1823, a large hewed log meeting-house was built near the site of the one that was burnt, where services were conducted until 1834, when it, too, burnt during its occupancy as a school-house.

At present the services of this church are held in a comfortable frame church-building standing near the old Cambria mills, erected in 1836. It is about thirty by forty feet in size.

Deacon Theophilus Rees may justly be regarded as the founder of the Welsh Hills church. Through his influence and exertions it was organized, and four of his family were among the first members of it. He lived only about four anda half years after its organization, when it had attained to a membership of thirty. He died in February, 1813, aged sixty-six years. He exercised the functions of deacon until his death, and was a useful, intelligent and Christian pioneer.

The Welsh Hills church was among the first organized in Licking county. The small Methodist organization on Hog run, ministered to by Rev. Asa Shinn, in 1803-4, and the organization ef fected on the eastern 'borders of the county through the instrumentality and labors of Rey. Joseph Thrap, in 1805-6, together with the Congregational church of Granville, organized in Massachusetts, in 1805, and a Methodist church in Newark, being the only ones of prior date, within the present limits of the county.

This small church had preaching very irregularly for the first two years of its existence. Rev. Thomas Powell preached occasionally, and other pioneer preachers, braving the dangers and privations incident to life in the wilderness, sometimes visited and preached for them. Meetings were, however, held regularly, and every month the church met for praise and prayer.

About 1823, Mr. Owen Owens, of this church, was licensed to preach, and during his missionary operations, organized "Liberty," "Genoa" and "Homer" churches.

In March, 1823, Elder Thomas Hughes, a licentiate from Wales, who settied in the neighborhood, was chosen pastor, and supplied the church regularly until 1832, when he resigned. During his pastorate services were held in the stone school-house, and in the old log church.

Seventeen persons united with the church during his ministry, and the aggregate reached seventy-one members. Mr. Hughes' resignation was again reluctantly accepted, the church esteeming him a man of sound judgment, and of great wisdom in counsel.

Elder James Sargent, a young man from Granville college, served the church very acceptably one year. During his ministry thirty persons were received into the church. After his resignation, Messrs. Roberts and Owens, students from Granville college, supplied the church a year or more.

In 1846 William Smedmer engaged to supply the church three-fourths of the time, which he did until 1848, when he resigned, and was succeeded

In 1851 Thomas Hughes was called for the third time to the pastorate of this church, and died September following, after having been a member of the church for fifty years, most of that time in the ministry.

After his death, the church was served some time by Rev. Dr. Bailey, president of Granville college, and Rev. J. Lawrence. They were followed in 1853 by Rev. N. Clouse, who remained assisted by Mr. Clouse and Rev. E. D. Thomas. Mr. Clouse became pastor again in January, 1863, and continued three years; being succeeded by Rey. B. J. Powell, who also served three years. President Talbot followed for one year, and Rev. A. Jordon for nine months. Revs. J. Kyle, N. Clouse, Miller and Thornton have successively occupied the pulpit since Mr. Jordon's time. During geventy-two years this church has been four and a half years without a pastor. The longest pastorate, that of Rev. Thomas Hughes, was seventeen and a half years. At present there are fifty members connected with the church; and the Sabbath-school, organized about 1825, contains sixty members.

The Muskingum association was formed in this church in May, 1811, in the building first erected, by Revs. William Brundige, Jacob Drake, William Thrift and J. W. Patterson. This church remained with said association until 1841, when it united with the Columbus association, with which it is yet connected.

The First Baptist church of Granville was organized in 1819. In Howe's history of Ohio, it is stated that the first Baptist sermon preached in Granville was by Elder Jones in 1806. This is undoubtedly the "Chaplain Jones" of revolutionary fame, who often visited Licking county, and especially Granville and the Welsh hills, and

This society may be considered an offspring of the Welsh hills church, founded by Deacon Rees. When their numbers increased sufficiently about Granville, they ceased attending the old church, and organized one of their own. In 1828 they erected a brick church in the west part of town, upon the present site of Professor A. M. Thresher's residence, and since that time have erected a frame church on the public square, opposite the Congregational church, and disposed of the old brick building.

From the record dated June 6, 1819, the following mames appear as the first members of the church: Levi Nichols, James Hair, Abraham Chandler, Sanford Castile, Timothy Spellman, jr., Thomas Green, David Adams, Salome Squire, Mary Atwood, Philander Jewett, Sarah Crow, Mary Drake, Rhoda Burnet, Annie Chandler, Jerusha Baker, Sarah Kelly, Betsy Case, Lovina Woods and Polly Phelps.

After Chaplain Jones, Elder George Evans was probably the first preacher for the congregation. He continued his ministerial labors from the organization of the church until October 26, 1822. He was a missionary from Massachusetts. At the above date, he was succeeded by Elder John Hanover, who preached until 1825, and was succeeded by Elders DeBolt in 1825; Hanks, in 1826; James Berry, in 1828; Allen Darrow, after 1832; Henry Carr, from 1842 to 1847; Silas Bailey and Professor John Pratt, until 1851; Jeremiah Hall, D. D., from 1851 to 1853; N.S. Burton, eight years; J. D. King, one year; J. C. Fernald, until 1873, and W. C. P. Rhodes to the present date (November, 1880.)

The Methodist Episcopal church of Granville, although one of the first organized is, as usual, last to take steps for the preservation of its history. Norecords have been kept until in later years, and consequently its earliest history has disappeared. Howe's "Historical Collections" says :

"Jn the fall (probably the fall of 1806, though no date is given) the first Methodist sermon was preached under a black walnut tree; the first class organized in 1810, and the first church erected in 1824."

It has been ascertained that this class organized in 1810 was at the house of William Gavit, by the Rev. James B. Finley. This was then called the Knox circuit. The names of the members of this class do not appear, but the names of the ministers that immediately succeeded Mr. Finley are Revs. Elisha W. Bowman, 1811; Michael Ellis, 1812; David Knox, 1813; Samuel West, 1814;

John Solomon and John McMahon, 1815; Shadrick Ruark, 1816; Henry Baker and Philip Green, 1817; Thomas Carr and Leonard Lane, 1818, and Thomas Carr and John Solomon, 1819. In 1820 the name of the circuit was changed to Granville. Rey. S. B. Frampton is the present minister, and the church and Sabbath-school are in a flourishing condition,

Chapter Li Granville Continued

Frrst CEMETERY AND First BurIAL - Music - EArRLY DocTors - FIrst COURT IN THE COUNTY - WILLIAM WING AND HIS CONTRIBUTION - THE LICKING EXPORTING COMPANY - PRICES OF PRODUCE AND OTHER THINGS - OHIO CANAL - Mr. Briccs' PAPER--THE '' WANDERER '' - '''THE GRANVILLE INTELLIGENCER" - '' LICKING BEE' - THE "DENISONIAN" - THE ''HEBARIUM'' - THE ''COLLEGIAN'' - THE ''GRANVILLE TIMES" - THE DEAD PIONEERS - First PostMASTER - THE GRANVILLE ALEXANDRIAN SOCIETY - THE GRANVILLE FURNACE - THE FORGE - DISTIL- - LERIES - OIL-MILL - SALT WELL - VARIOUS OTHER BUSINESS MATTERS IN THE EARLY DAYS OF GRANVILLE - THE CLock FACTORY - MILITARY MATTERS - FIRST MERCHANTS - CHARLES SAWYER - LATER MERCHANTS - ABOLITION TROUBLES - SNAKES - LIVING DESCENDANTS OF THE PIONEERS - FIRST MASONIC LODGE - WATER WORKS - PRESENT

Business

NE of the most important legal instruments to the Granville colony was the partition deed, executed by Mr. Samuel Everett. It partitioned the land among the people of the colony, and was signed by seventy-eight proprietors, in the presencefof, and attested by, Abraham Wright, justice of the peace. It bears date of March 8, 1806, and contains twenty-eight closely written pages of foolscap. It appears upon the records of Fairfield county, and is the most lengthy written instrument of the kind upon the records of the county. It was executed gratuitously by Mr. Everett. He was a ready accountant and good conveyancer. He was the father of Harlow, Revel and Israel Everett.

One of the things most needed for the convenience and improvement of the country was a sawmill. For the purpose of building one, a millwright named Phelps, and four men as assistants, had been sent out to the purchase in the spring of

1805. They came in company with Mr. Coe and his surveying corps. A site near where the old furnace stood was selected, and a temporary mill erected. They dammed the Raccoon for the purpose of procuring a supply of water, but evidently they did not understand damming a western stream in a new country, and the first freshet swept it away. The mill was abandoned before it was ready for operations. This was a drawback and disappointment to the colony; and from this cause more light and transient dwellings were erected than otherwise would have been.

By the fall of 1806, a saw-mill had been erected further down-the stream by Augustine Munson, with a capacity of four thousand feet per day. A reasonable supply of lumber to meet the wants of the colony was now to be had, and the heavier and more substantial structures began to be erected,

The first farm house was built by Deacon, afterward Judge, Timothy Rose, in the winter of 1806-7, and stood where Judge Bancroft afterward resided. The first (forty by fifty) frame barn built in the county was erected in this township in the spring of 1807. The boards enclosing it were nailed on with Newgate nails, made in the Connecticut State prison. Most of the boards and nails are yet in their places.

A burying-ground was laid out in the company's first survey. The first death and burial was that of an infant son of Ethan Bancroft, who died April 6, 1806. On the twenty-second of August of the same year, Gideon Cromwell died, aged forty-five, and was the first interment of an adult person in this graveyard.

The pioneers of Granville early paid attention to the cultivation of music, both vocal and instrumental. Singing schools, to learn church music, were held as early as the fall of 1806; and at all their social parties singing was part of the entertainment. As early as 1808, a band for instrumental music was organized; it consisted of eleven performers; three clarionets, three hautboys, three bassoons, one bass drum and cymbal. This was the first band west of Pittsburgh, if not of the Alleghanies. It was the band of Cass' regiment in the War of 1812, and was in Hull's surrender at Detroit.

In the formation of the Granville colony an effort was made to have the professional and mechanical pursuits represented as far as possible, so that among these pioneers men were found for almost any work or duty required, and they were, therefore, better fitted in all respects to enjoy life

In the spring of 1807 Dr. Lee settled in Granville, the first physician in this part of the county. He married Sabina, eldest daughter of Job Case, and subsequently removed to Coshocton. He was followed by Drs. Richards and Eager, men of general education and professional skill. One of these was a regular graduate of Dartmouth and the other of a literary institution in Rhode Island. Granville has never been without medical men who would adorn that profession in any age or community.

on Centerville street, in this township, in a house that stood on the corner of Levi Rose's garden. The grand jury held its inquest under a tree that stood near the guide post that points to Hebron. _ Mr. William Wing was a resident of Granville township from 1818 to 1827, and has furnished some valuable history of early times here. He died in Columbus, Ohio, February 13, 1878, in his seventy-ninth year. He came to Licking county from Windsor, Connecticut, settling in Granville in 1818, where he married Electa Spellman in 1822. He was a merchant, a canal contractor and, later in life, engaged in railroad business. He was well acquainted with the pioneer history of central Ohio, and was often called upon to address pioneer gatherings. A few extracts fol-* lowing are taken from the few of these addresses which appear in print: duce low. were able to raise and manufacture themselves. most kinds was conducted by exchanging one article for another. It was next to impossible to get money to pay debts. About this time a stay law was enacted by the legislature which virtually suspended the forced collections of debt for some time. Produce would scarcely pay enough for transportation to any market that was accessible. As an instance of this a company was formed at Granville, about the year 1820, called the '' Licking Exporting Company," for the purpose of sending produce, especially pork, to market. 'The hogs were put into control of the company by the farmers, driven to Sandusky, there slaughtered, packed and shipped in the spring to Montreal. Mr. C. Humphrey supervised the shipment, and went to Canada and made sales. About one dollar and twenty-five cents per hundred was realized for the pork, and the operations of the company were not repeated.

"The prices of some articles of produce, about that time, were about as follows: Wheat, twenty-five to thirty-seven and one-half cents per bushel; oats and corn, from twelve and one- half to twenty cents; flour, from one dollar to one dollar and twenty-five cents per hundred weight ; pork, one dollar and fifty cents to two dollars; chickens, thirty-seven and one-half to fifty cents per dozen, butter, six to eight cents per pound; eggs, three to four cents per dozen; country sugar, six to eight cents per pound; country molasses fifty cents per gallon (no foreign sugar or molasses to be had); coffee, when obtainable, about fifty cents, and tea two dollars and fifty cents to three dollars per pound. Salt retailed for three dollars and fifty cents per bushel; whiskey, twenty-five cents per gallon; potatoes and turnips, twelve and one-half to sixteen cents per bushel, and other articles in proportion. Even at these prices money could not be obtained freely for them, there being no other than a home Merchandise and goods of all kinds could be obtained The stores were bare of the real

'From 1822 to 1825, there was a gradual improvement, merchants at Granville purchased the farmers' hogs and -cattle, drove them to an eastern market and returning furnished the people with merchandise suitable to their wants. From that time the inhabitants were better accommodated, and the parties engaged in the business were benefitted and eminently successful. 'The working of the Granville furnace by the same parties successfully, afforded a market for considerable of the produce raised by the farmers.

"Beginning work on the Ohio canal in 1825, gave an impetus to business, furnishing a home market for much of the surplus labor and produce of the county. Great advances and changes soon took place. The people of Granville felt much interest in that work, expecting to derive much benefit from the proposed side cut, or feeder. Meetings of rejoicing were had upon the passage of the law, speeches were made, toasts offered and good feeling prevailed. A toast given by Judge Alexander Holmes, of Newark, was as follows: 'The Licking summit - we are indebted to her depression for this day's eleva- A well known citizen, Chauncey Humphrey, in the height of his joy made this remark in relation to the prospects of Granville: 'We shall be asecond Utica.' _ '*But the expectation of advantages to be derived from the side cut to Granville, does not appear to have been realized, as it has been useless for purposes of navigation many years. However, the people were generally benefited by the prosecution of the work.

''From the day of the beginning of the canal (July 4, 1825,) we may date the rapid advancement of the county and State in wealth, prosperity and all the material elements which go to make a happy and prosperous people.

A good subscription list was obtained for the paper at Granville; the papers were sent to a depository there by a carrier, for the subscribers. To fill up his columns the publisher commenced publishing the life of Patrick Henry in weekly installments. Some of the subscribers became dissatisfied. About this time Augustine Munson was a candidate for the legislature; some one was sent to the Advocate office to get tickets printed with Munson's name on them. Mr. Briggs, not favoring Munson's election it was thought, declined to print them, assigning as a reason that he had so much printing on hand he could not doit in time. Of course the parties were not pleased, and having been dissatisfied with his paper before, a number of the subscribers and others, collected together, went to the depository where considerable accumulations of them were, and gathering them up, formed a procession, and with muffled drums and fife marched to a cross street in the east part of the town and buried them. Shortly after a number of subscribers took produce of various kinds to Newark to pay their subscriptions and stop the paper. Briggs published in his next issue an article in regard to the matter, attempting to ridicule the people, and there the matter ended; but the .4dvocate, after that time, never had much circulation there while he conducted it.

"« \fterthis a press was obtained by Mr. Sereno Wright, who was a practical printer, and the publication of a newspaper was commenced by himself, called the Wanderer. 'Uncle Sereno,' as he was familiarly called, was considered a very honest, upright man, but somewhat eccentric in character. Many stories used to be told of his peculiar ways in dealing with his customers in his store, which he kept about this time. It is probable they were not true, or if they were, they were not to his prejudice, but only illustrative of his eccentricities. He afterward served as county treasurer a number of years with great acceptability. The Jackson party finally became dominant in the county and he was obliged to give way."

The Wanderer spoken of by Mr. Wing, was established in 1822, and was the second paper started in the county. It was devoted to news, advertising, and the interests of the little village in which it was published. It was small in size, contained little reading matter, and was issued by "Uncle Sereno," and one of his boys. The latter fell down stairs one day, seriously injuring himself, which circumstance led to the suspension of the Wanderer. 'This was about two years after it started. Newspapers were not in great demand in this county in the days of the Wanderer.

Probably the next paper started in Granville was the Granville Intelligencer in 1847, by D. Hunt and H. C. Blackman. Mr. James Taylor may also have been connected with the Jnéelligencer before its name was changed to the Licking Bee in 1851, as it was afterward.

These papers were devoted to the interests of Granville, were well conducted, well printed and exerted a good influence. The Bee advocated the Maine Law in 1853, and was always strongly for temperance. Both of these papers were independent in politics.

The Herbarium was a literary periodical issued in Granville, in the interest of one of the literary institutions of that place. It was the cotemporary of the Dentsontan, and lived as long at least, perhaps longer. It was conducted, probably, by the young ladies of Mr. Kerr's seminary.

The Collegian, a magazine of thirty-two pages, was started by the members of the Calliopean Literary society of Denison university, in July, 1867, with Thomas Ewart, F Catworthy, and F. Austin Drew as editors, and H. A. Rogers and C. M. Rupe publishers. It was published by this society two years. In 1869, the Franklin Literary society united with the Calliopeans in its publication, and from the commencement of the third volume it was issued as the Denison Collegian, and

The Granville Times, a weekly Republican paper, was established in June, 1880, by Harry A. Church, the first number appearing on Friday, June 11. The paper is a five column folio, and is principally devoted to the interests of Granville township. It has been placed upon a paying basis, and is a welcome sheet to almost every family in the township. Although supporting the principles of the Republican party, it is liberally encouraged by men of both parties, Rev. A. Y. Yale, of Alexandria, now prints a periodical in the Zzmes office. It is noticed in the chapter on St. Albans township.

'Of the first pioneers who were living in 1818, Joseph Linnel, sr., Levi Rose, Deacon Levi Hayes, Roswell Graves, Job Case, Samuel and Azariah Bancroft, Justin Hillyer, sr., Timothy Spellman, Elias Gilman, Silas Winchel, William Gavit, Amos Carpenter, and Hiram Rose, are remembered - all now dead.

"Of the descendants of the first settlers and others residing there at the time are recollected the following: Augustine, Jeremiah R. and Jesse Munson, Spencer Wright, Elkanah Linnel, Grove Case, Curtis, Amara, and Daniel Howe, Benjamin and Jacob Cook, Oren and Ralph Granger, David and Campbell Messenger, A. P. Pritchard, Elias Fassett, Willard Warner, Hiram and Samuel Boardman, Jacob Apollos Griffin, the Mower family (father and sons), and many others whose names are not now recalled.

"The first postmaster at Granville was Judge Rose; the next, William Gavit. Sereno Wright succeeded him and was postmaster there in 1818, and so remained many years.

"At an early period an act of the legislature incorporated the Granville .\lexandrian society. It was supposed the law conferred banking powers, accordingly a bank was established about 1814 or 1815.

were, but believe Elias Gilman, Silas Winchel, and 'Timothy Spellman, residents of Granville, were of the board, wiih Alexander Holmes, of Newark, as president, and R. R. Roach, as cashier. Subsequently G. Swan was cashier, and he was succeeded by l'lisha S. Gilman. This was, no doubt, the first banking institution in the county.

"In 1817, in common with other banks in the State, such as the Owl Creek bank of Mt. Vernon, and others, the bank failed to redeem its notes, and suspended payment, when its notes greatly depreciated. In 1836 the bank was revived, principally by Buffalo parties. Henry Roop was made president, and A. G. Hammond cashier. Mr. Hammond did not continue long, and A. J. Smith succeeded him. Mr. Roop retired from the presidency after a time, when his place was supplied by some person interested in the bank in Granville. The public did not have great confidence in this bank, its issues not being in much favor, and it suspended payment in 1841. Its business was wound up by order of the court, and, I believe, some of its: stockholders were made individually liable for its outstanding notes.

"The Granville furnace was built in 1816, by J. R. and A. Munson. Ii was supposed that ore could be obtained about four miles west of Granville. This proved to be a mistake, and the ore had to be transported by wagon from Mary Ann township, and other places, distant twelve or sixteen miles. After the completion of the canal ore was obtained from Zoar, in 'Tuscarawas county. The operations of the furnace were not successful until it passed into the hands of L. D, Mower and: his associates in 1822 or 1823, when it became profitable. In 1825 Elias Fassett purchased the interest of L. D. Mower & Co., and carried on the business some years. From 1830 to 1838 the persons interested in it were Elias Fassett, Alfred Avery, P. W. Taylor, Elizur Abbott, Simeon Reed, D. L. Cook, and D. D. Jewett. It was finally abandoned in 1838.

''A forge was built by A. Munson on Raccoon creek, two miles from town, and worked for a time with partial success; it was built about the time the furnace was erected. Colonel A. Jewett worked it in 1824 and 1825, but was unsuccessful. A. Munson had a grist and saw-mill on the site of the forge; Grove Case had a grist-mill on Clear run, adjoining the town on the east.

"PDistilleries were common. The parties operating them were Joseph Fassett, Royal Marsh, Silas Winchell, and another name not recollected, about a mile and a half west of town.

"A saw-mill was carried on by Captain John Phelps, about three-fourths of a mile southeast of town. He will be remembered by some of the older residents as going by the name of travelled about from place to place, and when he came into a town he would call his roll, naming persons whose names he had obtained, I recollect hearing him call it one day in Granville. What became of him I do not know, but have the impression that he wandered off to the State of New York, or some of the New England States, from whence he came, and died.

soon discontinued. 'Two tanneries were in operation in 1818, one carried on by Spencer Wright, near Clear run, east of town, and the other by George Donnoyan on a lot afterward occupied by Harvey Bragg, near the spring.

"4 salt well was sunk some hundreds of feet, about threefourths of a mile southwest of town at an old deer-lick. Salt water was reached and a furnace erected to make salt, but on testing the water, two bushels of salt per day was all that could be made, and the enterprise was abandoned. Another well was commenced on Moat's run, in St. Albans township, but did not come to anything. I think these enterprises were undertaken in 1822 or 1823.

''There were four ponds of standing water on the town plat; one at the junction of Broad street and the Columbus road, one on the north side of the public square; one in the street fronting

Broad street, and west of the street leading north toward Mt. Vernon. By voluntary labor contributed by the people in town and country, they were filled up and drained in 1826, and the unsightly nuisances abated.

"The old burying ground south of town, containing some twelve or fifteen acres, was first surrounded with a wooden fence, which became decayed. In 1820 the inhabitants turned out and built a good, substantial wall around the lot, which still remains. A new cemetery has been established and dedicated in the past few years, southeast of the town plat.

''There were two or three woollen factories in the township at an early day. The original proprietors were William Paige, Horace Wolcott, James Mead, and Linus G, Thrall; there may have been others whose names are not remembered.

''The people of the township and county were supplied with plows made at Granville. The first manufactured was the 'bull plow,"' so called; the woodwork made by the Blanchards, and the iron (all wrought) by Colonel Alpheus Jewett, and afterwards by Allen Sinnet, Hugh Kelley and others. The Blanchards and Woodbury also built wagons, carts and other things.

'Tn 1831 a Mr. Bunker, from Troy, New York, started, on the site of the old forge referred to, an extensive manufactory of plows, of the ''Wood's patent." They were of cast iron, so far as iron was used. These plows came into general use; had a wide market, and gave great satisfaction.

'A very considerable business was carried on from 1820 to 1825, in quarrying and cutting stone for building purposes, also grave stones, by Josiah Taylor, P. W. Taylor, and others. Several teams were kept running in the country peddling grave stones, and it is supposed that those engaged in the business did well.

"The first lodge of Free Masons in Licking county was instituted at Granville, called ''Center Star." It had members from all parts of the county, and had a Royal Arch chapter. I believe it still continues in working order.

"Tinnel, French & Brace had a clock factory five miles west of Granville, and had several men in their employ. In 1825 or 1826, Franklin county wasa part of the congressional district, and Lyne Starling, of Columbus, was a candidate for Congress. He fae to Granville on an electioneering excursion, and was introduced to the people as a candidate to represent them. Hearing of the clock factory he wished me to go there with him, which I did. After spending some time with the principals, as we were about leaving, he inquired the price of a clock, and directed them to send him one; it was sent to my care and forwarded to him at Columbus. He paid for the clock, but whether he received the votes of the parties or their employes I do not know, but he was not elected. The ciock factory was afterward removed to Granville, and stood north of the building now occupied by the First National bank of Granville, and carried on by French & Brace, Mr. Linnel having withdrawn.

"From 1818 to 1828 the attention of the people was called to military matters, Regimental and company musters were regularly kept up. There were three uniformed companies, one of infantry, one of artillery and one of cavalry, commanded respectively by Captains Timothy Spellman, jr., Willard Warner and P. W. Taylor. There were also two companies of militia ('flood-woods' and 'barefoots'), one in the south part of the township, commanded by Captain Myron Phelps, and one in the north part commanded by Captain Alpheus Jewett, who afterward became colonel of the regiment. The writer had not much military taste, but was appointed pay master of the regiment, and was mustered as such, but is not aware that any money came into his hands, wherewith to make any payments.

'The first and only cannon ever made in the county was cast at the Granville furnace, for the artillery company, and bored out in a stable near where the clock factory stood, and mounted for the company. It was used at the celebration at Licking Summit in 1825, at the beginning of the Ohio canal. .

"In 1818 Griffin & Humphrey had a stock of goods in the store next east of the old bank building. Mr. Humphrey sold his interest to Elisha S. Gilman, the firm then being Griffin & Gilman. They did not replenish the stock, and soon gave up the business. Matthew Adams, jr., had a stock of goods in 1819, or 1820, but I do not recollect who was concerned with him. His store was next west of R. Granger's tavern; but he was not successful, and the business was closed up. Fitch & King opened a stock of goods, and, I believe, Matthew Adams, jr., assisted them; but they did not remain long. Sereno Wright kept some articles of merchandise in part of his dwelling, southwest corner of the public square; and the post office was kept there, he being postmaster. :

"Charles Sawyer came to Granville in 1817. He was a saddler by trade, and carried on the business in a small, red building, on the lot now occupied by Doctor Spellman's dwelling house. In r8r9g or 1820 he began keeping some articles of mer= chandise, and from small beginnings and close attention to business, he had accumulated considerable property by the year 1830. At or about this time he became a zealous member of the Baptist church, and felt it his duty to contribute liberally of his means towards the enterprises of his church, one of which was the building of a female seminary, witha spacious boarding house attached. The buildings were located in the northwestern part of town. The seminary was occupied and well patronized.

Mr. Sawyer having contributed so freely of his own means, became embarrassed and was obliged to take the building and its surroundings in payment of his advances on account of it, and to relieve himself was obliged to sell it to the Episcopal church, but did not realize near what he had paid out. He removed to Newark soon after, in 1850 to Columbus, and from thence to Springfield, Tilinois.

"About 1822 L. D. Mower commenced merchandising, built a new brick store-house on the south side of the street, between the houses occupied by Doctor Spellman and Dr. Paul Eagar. His brother, Horatio, and Alfred Avery were associated with him; and after Horatio's death his brother Sherlock was a partner. Mr. Mower also worked the furnace until he disposed of his interest in that enterprise to E. Fassett, as before mentioned. Afterward A. P. Pritchard was a partner of his in the sale of goods in 1830, under the firm name of Mower & Pritchard. Mr. Mower was a very thorough business man, and a man of great energy and perseverance, and acquired a handsome property. He died in 1834 or 1835.

"A. P. Pritchard was probably the first druggist in the county. He had a chemical establishment or labratory in connection with the drug business, northwest part of town.

''Other parties were engaged in merchandising from 1820 to 1838, whose names are as follows: Elias Fassett, Alfred Avery: P. W.-Taylor, D. R. Cook, Elmer Abbott, Doctor Sylvester Spellman, Simeon Reed, D. D. Jewett and George Abbott. Some of these parties were also engaged in the furnace, their Names appearing in a former paragraph. It is supposed that these gentlemen were generallyGuccessfui in their undertakings. A steam flouring mill was built near the furnace in 1831, by P. W. Taylor & Co. After the feeder had been finished to Granville, the mill was removed to the site of the old Phelps sawmill, before referred to.

"In 1832 the question was agitated of building a new court house. The people of Granville became much excited on the subject, and made great efforts to get the county seat removed to this place, offering to build the county buildings without charge to the county, or contribute largely thereto. Newark, however, being in posssssion, and being on the main line of the canal, overcame the enterprise of the Granvillians, and the county seat remained at Newark, and the people of Newark were not required to contribute anything to retain it.

"The Granville feeder extended from Licking summit to Raccoon creek at Paige's woollen factory, about a mile and a quarter southeast of town. In order to have navigation as near the town as possible, the canal commissioners agreed to make the feeder navigable for boats to Paige's factory, provided the people of Granville would make it navigable from thence to the bridge at the Lancaster road. This they agreed to do. It involved a considerable expense, as a dam, guard-lock, lift-lock, and about half a mile of canal had to be bnilt to render it navigable.

'(A warehouse was erected at the head of navigation, anda boat built there by the Troy and Ohio line, under the superintendence of a Mr. Wallace, and it is supposed that it was the first canal-boat built south of Cleveland. The feeder was navigated until the furnace was abandoned in 1838, since which it has become dilapidated and out of repair.

"During the construction of the canal, many of the citizens were engaged as contractors on the work, among whom were A. Munson, L. D. Mower, P. W. Taylor, Sylvester-Hayes,

Levi Rose, Alfred Avery, Elias Fassett, Joseph Fassett, Simeon Reed, Byron Hayes, William Wing, Justin Hillyer, jr., Curtis Howe, Ashley A. Bancroft, Hugh and Dennis Kelley. Several of the above had large contracts, and they generally enjoved the confidence of the canal commissioners. I have no doubt that more of such work was done by these people than Was done by the people of any other township or county in the State. So-far as I know, it is believed their contracts were generally remunerative.

"A water-cure was established in 1852, by Dr. W. W. Bancroft, The establishment was well patronized from the first, and has been very successful in the treatment of chronic and other diseases. *

"In the late war for the suppression of the Rebellion, it is understood that the people of Granville patriotically responded to the calls of the Government, in. all cases filling their.quotas, and contributing in every possible way to aid and assist those and the families of those who were called to the front. Several of the Granville boys shed their blood and lost their lives in the service of the country, and in defence of free institutions.

"Revel Everett was a Granville man. I remember him as being constable of the township. Afterwards he removed to Hartford, and for a time was engaged in merchandising and where he has continued to reside ever since.

"David Messenger, of the committee,'I recognize as an old familiar friend, one whom I have known about as long as any other in the State, he being'a resident of Granville when I arrived. He was a shoemaker by trade. I think he did not take kindly to it, or the business did not suithim. He acquired considerable reputation as a player on the violin, and at the first dancing party I attended, six days after my arrival, he was one of the musicians who made music for the dance. The other player was Fish, of Johnstown, and their 'Money Musk,' 'Fisher's Hornpipe,' and other tunes for country dances were not often excelled. About 1821 he came to Utica and engaged in merchandising, and continued the business some years.

''T believe none of the first settlers of Granville township now survive. There are few townships in the county whose repu-. tation is as good as that of Granville, or one that has done more for the advancement of good morals and public and private enterprises."

"Oren and Ralph Granger, brothers, each kept a tavern in Granville, and kept good houses. Oren died in 1821 or 1822; Ralph continued in the same business at times until 1830, when he removed to his farm, and died about 1866. Willard Warner kept a tavern in Granville four or five years and removed thence to Newark, where he kept at the Houston stand sometime. He was a mail contractor and represented Licking county in the senate one term.

"Major J. R. Munson was by profession a lawyer, and was a man of good natural ability; was a representative in the legislature when it met at Chillicothe, and was said to have been instrumental in obtaining the charter of the Granville Alexanit was supposed, conferred banking

"Elias Fassett, before mentioned as a business man of Granville, removed to Cleveland and thence to New York, engaging first in the dry goods business, then in brokerage, dealing in bonds and stocks until 1856, when he returned to his farm near Granville; was elected president of the Central Ohio railroad company, holding the position some two years, and retiring to his farm, where he died suddenly in 1863."

In the early days of the agitation of the slavery question - between 1825 and 1840 - when an abolitionist was something of a curiosity in this county, Granville had her share of them, and her share of trouble in consequence. Quite an anti-slavery society:was organized in that place, and although they dare do or say nothing openly for some years, they grew bolder by degrees, and began to hold meetings and have public speaking upon that allimportant subject. The men of Granville generally had minds and thoughts of their own upon all subjects, and Puritan blood was generally largely impregnated with abolition blood. Something was done here on the under-ground railway, and there were a few zealous workers in the abolition cause at all times, and their numbers continually increased. A majority of the people were, however, pro-slavery, as they were everywhere in the North.

About April 1, 1835, a Mr. Weld, an abolitionist, undertook to deliver a lecture in Granville, and was stoned and egged by a mob. He had lectured a few days before at Circleville, where he had also received rough treatment; the mob throwing eggs and stones through the window.

'One of the stones was so well aimed that it struck me on the head, and, for a moment, stunned me, I paused a few moments until the dizziness had ceased, and then went on, and Meanwhile, some of the gentlemen had hung their cloaks up at the window, so that my head could not be so easily used as a target."

"We, citizens of the town of Granville, in the county of Licking, and State of Ohio, having understood from common report, and from certain notices published in newspapers, that a State convention of delegatesfrom the Abolition societies of Ohio is to be held in this place on the twenty-seventh day of April, ensuing; and having had bitter experience, in times past, of the evil effects of abolition meetings, as tending to destroy the peace of society, and introduce discord and contention through all its constituent departments; and learning that a great and increasing excitement already exists, not only in our own, but in the neighboring towns, in prospect of the contemplated meeting - we do, therefore, most earnestly remonstrate against anv such meeting being held in our town on the twenty-seventh day of April, or any other day in the year. And we most earnestly call upon and request all officers and leaders of the abolition society, and all who are, or may be, appointed delegates to the said convention, if they have the least regard for our peace and welfare, or for the well-being of the religious, moral, and literary iustitutions established among us, to abstain from coming to said meeting. And we do hereby engage to use our best endeavors, by all lawful and proper 'means, to prevent any such public meeting from being held within the limits of our corporation. 'Granville, March 31, 1836."

Wildman, council, and by sixty-nine other citizens. Notwithstanding this, the abolitionists held their meeting, though not, it seems, within the corporation. Mr. Briggs, in an editorial published in the Advocate, April 30, 1836, thus gives the result, heading his article '' Bloody Wars in Canada:"

"The abolition convention adjourned on Thursday about noon. The day was distinguished by violence and bloodshed, though fortunately no lives were lost.

''On Wednesday evening, the abolitionists held a meeting in a school-house, about a mile south of Granville. During the evening a mob collected, and broke the windows with stones. They were driven off by the abolitionists. They dispatched expresses during the night to Martinsburgh, Utica, Mount Vernon and Newark, for re-inforcements, and accordingly a number of recruits were in the field on the next day, 'armed with clubs and ready for action.

'"Twelve o'clock on Thursday was the time fixed upon for the commencement of hostilities. The convention adjourned about that time, and many of the members accompanied by ladies, formed a procession about a mile from the village where the convention sat, and marched through the principal streets, where the mob was assembled. When they reached that point, the mob commenced hissing and yelling, and followed the procession to the ladies' academy, where the ladies left the procession; and then both parties resorted to clubs, dirks and brickbats, which they employed as knock-'em down arguments for and against the abolition scheme. The fighting continued at intervals for some time. One of the mob was dirked, and some of the abolitionists were knocked down with clubs, and one was contributed by the abolitionists at Granville on Wednesday night, to support a press that is about to be established at Cincinnati, and to defray the expense of printing abolition tracts,"

It will be seen from the above that both parties were very determined, and that the abolitionists were especially wide-awake, active, belligerent, in earnest, and ready with brain, muscle and money to further their cause. Thirty years from that time their cause emerged from the smoke, dust and blood of battle, triumphant.

"When Granville was first settled it was supposed that Worthington would be the capital of Ohio, between which and Zanesville this would make a great half-way town. At this time, snakes, wolves and Indians abounded in this region. On pleasant spring mornings, large numbers of snakes were found running on the flat stones. Upon prying up the stones, there was revealed a singular fact respecting the social nature of serpents. twenty or thirty rattle-snakes, black-snakes and copper-heads, all coiled up together. Their liberal terms of admission only seemed to require evidence of snakeship. Besides various turnouts to kill them, the inhabitants had one general hunt. Elias Gillman and Justin Hillyer were the captains, who chose sides, and the party beaten were to pay three gallons of whiskey. Tradition is divided as to the number killed that day; some say three hundred. They killed that year between seven and eight hundred rattle-snakes and copper-heads, keeping no account of the black and other harmless serpents. The young men would seize them by the neck and thrash them against the trees, before they had time to bite or coil around their arms. The copper-head, though smaller, was much more feared. 'The rattle-snake was larger, sooner seen anda true southerner, always living up to the laws of honor. He would' not bite without provocation, and by his rattles gave the challenge in an honorable way. Instead of this well-bred warfare the copperhead is a wrathy little fellow, whose ire is always up, and he will make at the hand or the foot in the leaves or grass, before he is seen, and his bite is as poisonous as that of his brother of the larger fang. The young men tested his temper and found that in his wrath he would bite a red hot coal. Very few were bitten by the rattle-snake, and all speak well of his good disposition and gentlemanly manners; but so many were bitten in consequence of the fractious temper of the copper-head, that he has left no one behind him to sound a note in his praise.

"The limb bitten became immediately swollen, turned the color of the snake, and the patient was soon unable to walk. In some cases the poison broke out annually, and in others the limb for years was inclined to frequent swellings. After all that was suffered from poisonous reptiles, it was proved to a demonstration that no animal is so poisonous as man. Carrying more poison in his mouth than any other creature, he can poison a venomous serpent to death quicker than the serpent canhim. Martin Root and two other young men, chopping together, saw a rattle-snake, set a fork over his neck, and put into his mouth a new quid from one of their mouths. They raised the fork, and the poor creature did not crawl more than his length before he convulsed, swelled up and died, poisoned to death by virus from the mouth of one of the lords of creation, Deacon Hayes and Worthy Pratt tried the same experiment upon coppersheads, with the same result. Many others killed venomous reptiles in the same way, and one man pretended that by moderate use he had taught a copper-head to take tobacco without injury."

Of the adult pioneers of the Granville colony who came here in 1805, all are dead; a few of their children, however, whom they brought here at that date are yet living. Among them are Franklin and Ezekiel Gavitt, who live in Delaware county; Timothy M. Rose, yet living in Granville; Hiram P. Rose, living in Indiana; Justin and Truman Hilliar; Justin in Kansas and Truman in Columbus, Ohio. Sylvanus and Gideon Comel are probably living. Leverett and Charles Butler are yet living in this county.

The Center Star lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, spoken of in Mr, Wing's paper as being first in the county, was organized by Mr. Job Case, Timothy Spellman, Justin Hillier, David Butler, and Elias Gilman. These gentlemen having received the degrees of symbolic Masonry in New England, united with a few others and presented a petition to Lewis Cass, grand master of Masois in Ohio, early in 1810, praying for a dispensation to organize a lodge in Granville. Mr. Cass came to Granville in person and organized the lodge, in the upper room of the dwelling of Deacon Timothy Rose. The lodge was chartered in January, 1811, and numbered eleven persons. Its first officers were: Job Case, worthy master; Timothy Spellman, senior warden, and Noble Landon, junior warden. The first place of meeting was a room in the second story of the residence of Elias Gilman, finished off for that purpose. 'The first Masonic hall in the county was ten by fourteen and a half feet in size. It had a window on the east side, a fire-place on the west side, and was the first room finished off and plastered in Granville. About a year after the organization of the lodge, a larger and more conyenient room was secured in the residence of Grove Case. 'The first candidate initiated in this lodge was Hiram Rose. 'The first return to the Grand lodge included 1810 and 1811, and showed a membership of twenty Master Masons, and, at the end of 1812, the membership had increased to

The Granville of the present day is a beautiful, pleasant, healthy village, the people being more devoted to religious and educational matters than, perhaps, any other town of its size in the State.

About 1850 water works were projected and put in successful operation. Dr. Sinnet and a few other leading citizens were influential in getting these established, and thus giving the town the advantage of the purest of spring water. The water was brought from a spring on the farm of Colonel Woods, two miles northwest of town, and conveyed in earthen pipes to a reservoir near the "Sugar Loaf," a conical hill in the western suburbs of the town. From here it is distributed over the town, wherever wanted, in pipes. Those who use the water pay a rental of five dollars a year for an ordinary family.

The company that carried these works forward to completion was known as the "Granville Hydraulic company." As an investment, in a financial view, it did not pay, and probably its projectors thought less of making money out of it than of furnishing the inhabitants with pure water. April 13, 1860, the company sold out to Mr. Sanford for two hundred and thirty-four dollars; sub- sequently Mr. Sanford died and willed the works to the town, one of the conditions being that the town should pay to the Episcopal church one hundred dollars per annum.

One of the woollen factories, mentioned by Mr. Wing, stood about one and one-fourth miles below Granville on Raccoon creek, and was destroyed by fire about 1840. Another building was erected and used as a woollen factory until 1856. Subsequently, about 1857, Noah Clouse established the present machine shop in this building. The firm is Noah Clouse & Son, and they have conducted this business successfully to the present time.

Granville, however, lays no claim to being an unusual manufacturing or business place. There are several manufacturing establishments within the limits of the place, among which are the marble works, the planing mills of Jones Brothers and of Pratt Brothers. Both these firms make and deal largely in furniture. There are three dry goods stores, kept by George Parsons, Henry Green, and Mr. Craig; two grocery stores, kept by Carter & Carter and H. L. Reed; one drug store, kept by Charles Bryant; one hardware store, kept by Jones Brothers; two banks, one national and one private; two newspapers, two hotels, and the usual number of establishments. The trades and professions are also well represented. It does not appear that it is money and business that these people are living for; the whole community is deeply religious, highly educated, and, as one prominent educator expressed it, they are "interested in what the human mind can accomplish."

Chapter Lii

ONSIDERING Granville as an_ educational center, the history of its first schools and school-houses becomes a matter of some importance. From the character of the first settlers, who came from the land of schools and churches, it is not surprising that these institutions soon took root in the new settlement, grew and flourished, and are to-day among the best in the State. The first school-house erected in Granville was in January, 1806, about two months after the arrival of the first detachment of the Granville colony. It was a rude log building, stood on the site of the Presbyterian church, and was used for church and school purposes. The colony was not much divided in church matters; nearly all belonged to the Congregational church they had organized in Granville, Massachusetts, and 'those who were not regular communicants attended the church and assisted in its support. This log building was used four or five years, when the church wanted a better building for its use and the old log must be taken away. This necessitated the erection of a new school-house. This second building was of brick, and was an imposing structure for those times. It stood at the foot of the hill, on Market street, facing Main; was two stories and.a basement in height; it was solid and commodious, and did honor to the people. It was probably the first brick house in the village. For many of the first years of its existence, there were not children enough in Granville to fill it, and therefore part of it was rented for other purposes. The basement was used as a market-house, the upper room, a large hall, was used by the Masonic fraternity, and the second floor only was occupied as a school-room. This building was 'also used some time by the Episcopalians for

It served all the purposes of a school-house until 1854, when the present union school building was erected. This latter building is situated in the

Of these colleges, the first one was established in 1827, by the Congregational church, or in other words, by the Granville colony. Prominent members of the colony were instrumental in establishing this college, which first went by the name of Granville academy. The building in which this college was established is yet standing. It isa of Dr. Sinnet. When this institution was first established, it was open for both male and female students. The female department was conducted on the domestic labor plan, the same plan upon which Denison university started out. That class of institutions was popular in those days, the idea being that a young person of either sex should be taught the various branches of labor necessary for them to understand in the battle of life, and those unable to pay their full tuition were thus enabled to earn part of it, and thereby were placed on an equal footing, in educational advantages, with their wealthier classmates. The female department of this school was under charge of Miss Marianne Howe in 1827; in 1828, under Miss Emma Little, and from 1830 to 1834, under the charge respectively of Miss Boardman, Miss Eels, and Miss Eliza Foster. . In 1834, Miss Nancy Bridges and Miss Elizabeth Grant were teachers.

During the first eight or nine years of the early history of this school its managers were compelled to rent school rooms and buildings for their purpose wherever they could get them; and thus it was that the school was kept in various parts of town. It was not until 1836 that they were enabled to purchase six lots where the building now stands, of Grove Case, and in 1837 the main building (frame) now known as the Granville female college was erected. March 14, 1836, the school was incorporated by the legislature, section first reading as follows:

'Be it enacted by the general assembly of the State of Ohio: That there shall be, and hereby is established, in the town of Granville, in the county of Licking, an institution for the education of youth in the various branches of useful knowledge, by the name of 'Granville Academy,' and that Rev. Jacob Little, Samuel Bancroft, Spencer Wright, Knowles Linnel, Leonard Bushnell, William Smedley, Timothy M. Rose, Henry G. Bancoft, Ebenezer Crawford, Edwin C. Wright and William W. Bancroft, and their successors, be, and they are hereby appointed, tPustees of said institution, and made a body corporate

Other sections followed, but space cannot be allowed for them. These trustees held their first meeting May 26, 1836, and organized by electing Rey. Jacob Jittle, president, W. W. Bancroft, secretary, and Samuel Bancroft, treasurer.

Board, in those days, could be had for eightyseven and a half cents per week, and the tuition was four dollars and twenty-five cents per quarter.

Upon the expiration of Miss Bridges' term as principal in 1841, Mr. H. R. Gilmore was elected and served one year. August 4, 1842, Miss Hannah O. Bailey was elected principal, assisted by Miss Hamlin.

The domestic labor system for students did not work according to the expectations of its friends, and in this institution it was accordingly abandoned February 9, 1844.

February 11, 1845, William D. Moore rented the academy buildings for three and a half years, at the end of which time he re-rented and continued principal of the school until 1854. May oth of this year a contract was made with William P. Kerr, the present principal of the college, and from that time to the present, with the exception of five years, between 1872, and 1877, when it was conducted by others, he has had charge of the college as principal and manager.

Very early in its history this school was merged into a female academy, the male department being abandoned. Its projectors determined it should become a first class college for the higher education of women. One of its by-laws required that every teacher should be a consistent Christian, the great purpose of its founders being to advance morality and religion. It was established on the Mt. Holyoke plan, and so continued until 1845, when, under Mr. Moore, it was conducted on the boarding-house plan, and has so continued to the present.

The contributors to the erection of the main building in 1837 were citizens of Granville and largely by those who made their money by hard work. This building is quite large, four stories in height and a basement. An addition of brick © was made about 1864-5, and the institution will easily accommodate one hundied students, as regular boarders and lodgers, and fifty or seventyfive additional, without lodging. Recently a steam heating apparatus has been placed in the basement, which works to a charm, and the atmosphere of the great building, including all its private and public rooms and labyrinth of halls, is continually kept a pleasant summer temperature, making it a most comfortable and desirable home for the young ladies from all parts of the country who attend the college. The first floor of the main building is occupied by the dining room, the. parlors, reception rooms-and dwelling rooms of the principal and his family; the second and third floors are principally occupied by the students, their rooms being generally fifteen or twenty feet square, all nicely furnished and finished, and occupied generally by two students each, A few rooms on the second floor of this building are also used as school rooms, the primary school room having its location here. The brick addition is mainly occupied by the gymnasium, in charge of an efficient teacher, a chapel and recitation room, . Every provision seems to have been made for the health, comfort and thorough training of the inmates in all that goes to make up the sum of human happiness.. It is probably one of the most complete and thoroughly equipped institutions in the country for the purposes for which it was designed. The principal, W. P. Kerr, has been untiring in his devotion to the interests of this institution, and it is mainly due to his persevering efforts that the institution has been brought to its present proud position among the educational institutions of the State. His attainments in scholarship are of a high order; he is genial, and social, and a pure minded Christian gentleman, to whom parents may safely trust the education of their daughters.

PRIMARY DEPARTMENT. - Reading and pronunciatign, written arithmetic, familiar science, spelling and defining, geography, grammar, mental arithmetic, map drawing, penmanship.

PREPARATORY DEPARTMENT. - Written arithmetic, physical geography, Latin reader, English grammar, United States _history, Bible - Genesis, analysis, Latin grammar, composition, penmanship, algebra.

During the course, exercises in reading, spelling and penmanship, reviews of common English branches, and weekly exercises in composition and the Bible are required of all.

County

college is the musical, at present in charge of Professor G. H. H. C. Lowery, M. A., a graduate of the London, Heidelberg and Paris conservatories - a gentleman who has made music a lifetime study, who has perfected himself under the best masters in Europe.

GRANVILLE FEMALE InstiruTr. - This_ institution was established aboutt 1832, by the Baptist society, the preliminary steps being taken by Mr. Charles Sawyer, then a resident of Granville. He was foremost in contributing of his own means, and obtaining means from others for the erection of the seminary building and boarding-house - two large frame buildings, occupying beautiful grounds on Main street, in the western part of the town. The following advertisement regarding this college appears in the Mewark Advocate of March 2, 1833:

"GRANVILLE FEMALE SEMINARY. - In establishing this seminary, it is the object of the trustees to build up a first rate school, suited to the wants of the west. They are happy in now being able to inform the public that they have appointed Mr. James W. Poland, of Massachusetts, who, aided by competent female teachers, is expected to take its superintendence about April rst. Until the arrival of Mr. Poland, the school,

The above is signed by William S. Richards, chairman of trustees, and James Berry, recording secretary. It is also endorsed by John Pratt, principal of the Granville institution, and Paschal Carter, professor of mathematics and natural philosophy, in the same institution.

The teachers under Mr. Poland were Miss Ingraham and Miss Isabella R. Clarke, of Massachusetts; the latter becoming superintendent in 1835. Miss Maynard and Miss Trimble were employed the next year, and Messrs. Moore and Converse were also principals one year. Dr. Burton had control of this school one or two years, and Mansfield French was principal, following Mr. Burton.

About 1840 Rey. Alva Sanford obtained possession of the property, and changed the name and influence of the school, he being an Episcopalian. He called it the Episcopal Female seminary, and continued to conduct the school with a considerable degree of success for fifteen years. At the end of this period Solomon Sanford assumed control of the institution, continuing its priucipal, however, only about a year. Under control of the Sanfords the school flourished, and was a great help to the Episcopal church. In 1856 Rev. C. S. Doolittle and Joseph Lindley became proprietors, and conducted the school about three years, when they concluded to move it to Mansfield, Ohio. This seemed to be at the time an unfortunate move for the school, and especially for the Episcopal church. The buildings were closed for a time. In 1860 Rev. N. S. Buxton and wife opened a ladies' female institute in the basement of the Baptist church, with the thought, probably, of reviving the Baptist seminary which had been replaced by the Episcopal. This school continued about two years, when Rev. M. Stone purchased the seminary buildings, and opened a school, when both schools were consolidated under Mr. Stone, and came again under control of the Baptist denomination, where it has ever since remained. The name was again cHanged to the Baptist Female seminary.

Mr. Stone gave good satisfaction as an instructor, but circumstances rendered it necessary for him to dispose of the property, which he did to its present proprietor, Rev. D. Shepardson, D.D., who became principal in 1867. Dr. Shepardson changed the name of the college to the Granville Female seminary.

DENISON UNIvERsITY. - This institution was organized at Granville, Ohio, December 13, 1831, as, the Granville Literary and Theological institute, and incorporated February 3, 1832. Its first professor and president was the now venerable and highly esteemed John Pratt, D. D., who continued to occupy a position in its faculty until 1859, and now lives on a farm near the former site of the college, honored by all who know him.

The school was at first organized on the manual-labor idea, and was located on a farm of some one hundred and thirty-five acres, about one mile southwest of the village - the farm, valued at three thousand three hundred dollars, having been given by the Baptist church and citizens of Granville as an inducement to locate the school there. In 1837 Rey. Jonathan Going, D. D., then secretary of the American Baptist Home Mission society, was called to the presidency, and moved to Granville, administering the affairs of the school to the great satisfaction of its friends until 1844, when he died, In 1845 the name was changed to Granville college, and in 1846 Rev. Silas Bailey, 'DwD., LL, D., was called to the presidency.

At a meeting of the trustees in August, 1833, _ the institution was organized into four departments, viz.: Preparatory, English, collegiate and theological.

The "manual labor system" adopted by this | college was persevered in for some years. The students were required to be daily occupied with some kind of work, either on the farm or in some mechanical pursuit; the trustees early "resolved, as soon as practicable, to furnish them with work and the instruments for performing it, and to pay them the value of their labor."

In addition to Rev. John Pratt, who was then professor of moral philosophy, the first faculty consisted of Pascal Carter, A. M., professor of mathematics and natural philosophy; Asa Drury, A. M., professor of languages, and A. H. Frink, A. M., principal of the preparatory department.

In the spring of 1832, the buildings of the institution were destroyed by fire, which caused some embarrassment, but new and more commodious buildings were promptly erected during the ensuing summer.

In the Baptist Weekly Journal of November 29, 1831, published in New York city, Dr. Jonathan Going writes as follows regarding this institution:

'"With such a corps of teachers as President Pratt, professors Carter, Drury and Frink (I speak from personal acquaintance with these gentlemen, except the last named), with a hundred pupils, including already a dozen regular college students; in a location so delightful'and healthy, in the heart of the great and growing State of Ohio, where expenses are so small, and with arrangements for manual labor in agriculture and various branches of mechanic arts, which will at once diminish these, and promote héalth of body and mental vigor, it requires no spirit of prophecy to predict the future prosperity of the institution. [I am persuaded, indeed, that it presents even now "facilities for acquiring a thorough education inferior to none in the western valley, while it promises in future to hold respecta- | ble rank among similar institutions, which happily are rising | into importance at different points."

During its early history the college was greatly straitened in its finances, and for years passed through the trials and vicissitudes incident to

In 1855, the location of the college was changed to the present elevated and beautiful site just north of the village, and its friends rallied and erected a new building which is four stories high, one hundred and thirty-three feet by eighty-three feet deep in the middle, with wings forty-five feet deepa: ult contains, besides recitation rooms and society halls, thirty-three suites of rooms (sitting room, bedroom,

In the following year (1856-7) a frame building, three stories in height, was erected. The present grounds contain twenty-four acres, nearly half of it being a grove of old forest trees,

From this time the school entered upon a new career of prosperity. The Baptists of Ohio began to rally around it, students came to it, and it was enabled to take an important placaamong the edu- cational institutions of the State. In 1853 the entire assets of the college, including all endowments, amounted to only thirteen thousand seven hundred and seventy-two dollars and sixty-five cents; but in 1856 William S. Denison, of Adamsville, gave ten thousand dollars toward the endowment, and in his honor the name was changed to Denison university.

In 1863 Dr. Hall resigned, and Rev. Samson Talbot, D. D., was elected to the presidency, and continued to discharge the duties of the office, to the great satisfaction of the trustees and patrons, until his sudden and lamented death in 1873. In 1869-70, the second building (that on the right hand in the cut) was erected, still larger in dimensions than the former. It contains a chapel, natural history room, and accommodations for seventytwo students. In 1863 the Baptist convention of hundred thousand dollars, which was completed in 1867, and the full amount has thus far been preserved intact, an income of six per cent. on the amount being available, annually, for the payment of salaries of professors. In 1872-3 another fund of seventy-five thousand dollars was raised and is held in like manner. These funds are largely due to the intelligent munificence of E. E. Barney, E. Thresher, and W. P. Huffman, of Dayton, J. M. Hoyt, of Cleveland, and other noble brethren scattered throughout the State.

In 1875 Rev. E. Benjamin Andrews, A. M., was elected president, and continued in the office until 1879, when he resigned, and Rey. Alfred Owen, D. D., was elected to succeed him.

In 1877 W. H. Doane, musical doctor, of Cincinnati, donated to the college the sum of ten thousand dollars, for the purpose of erecting a building for the library and cabinet. This building was dedicated at the commencement in 1878. It is substantial and beautiful; and is believed to be as well adapted to its purpose as any such building in the country. It is called ''Doane Hall."

There is on the premises (unrepresented on the cut, hidden by Doane Hall), a wooden building originally erected on the farm above referred to, but removed to the present site and now appropriated to a gymnasium and armory for the use of the students. The present value of the buildings and grounds is about seventy-five thousand dollars, and the endowment at the present time, with no debt, about one hundred and seventy-five thousand dollars, making the total value of the property two hundred and fifty thousand dollars, besides the library and apparatus.

The university library contains ten thousand volumes, and with the two society libraries makes the whole number of volumes available to the students at least founteen thousand.

The university library, in Doane hall, is open in ferm time, daily, except Sundays, for the use of the members of the college classes. The college reading room, open every forenoon and evening, is supplied with the choicest daily and weekly papers, and with the best English and American magazines and reviews.

The cabinet contains a choice selection of shells, and a full series of specimens for illustrations in geology, mineralogy, Zoology, and archeology. During term time it is open daily, except Sundays, to students and visitors. Students have the use of the university library, as well as the cabinet, free of charge. Both library and cabinet are receiving constant accessions.

There are two college literary societies - the Calliopean, founded in 18g4, and the Franklin, founded in 1843. They publish a bi-monthly paper, the Denison Collegian, devoted to literary themes and college and town news. There is a literary society connected with the preparatory department - the Ciceronian. The society of Alumni was organized in 1859, and the Reading Room and Lecture association in 1873.

The aim of instruction has been, from the first, to secure the greatest accuracy and thoroughness. The graduates of the university have taken rank with any others in the professional schools where their studies have been continued, and in society.

The charter, amended in 1867, vests the management of the university in a board of thirty-six trustees, to be chosen exclusively from members in good standing and full fellowship in regular Baptist churches of Ohio, who shall hold their office only so long as they retain such membership and continue to reside in the State - five, at least, to be resident freeholders of Licking county. These are divided into classes of twelve each, the term

These men are generally faithful to their trust, and give their best thought and most earnest attention to the affairs of the college. 'Twenty-one of them were present at the last meeting, and their deliberations were marked by great unanimity of thought and purpose.

The faculty is composed of men most of them long tried and found to be thoroughly prepared for and interested in their work. Dr. Owen, the president, has won the high regard of his colleagues and the entire confidence of the board, as well as the respect and esteem of students and citizens. There is to be no change in the corps of instructors for the coming year. The faculty consists of the following able men:

Rev. Alfred Owen, D. D., president; Maria Theresa Barney, professor of intellectual and moral philosophy; Almon U. Thresher, A. M., professor of rhetoric and English literature; Lewis BE. Hicks, A. M., professor of natural sciences;

John L. Gilpatrick, A. M., Benjamin Barney, professor of mathematics and physics; Charles Chandler, A. M., professor of the Latin language and literature; Rev. Richard S. Colwell, A. M., professor of the Greek language and literature; John W. Moncrief, A. M., instructor in Latin, Greek and history (English and Greek,) and principal of preparatory department; Bunyan Spencer, A. B., instructor in Latin, Greek and_ history (United States and Roman); Leverette E. Akins, A. B., instructor in English grammar, elementary physics and mathematics ; Professor Charles Chandler, librarian; Professor A. U. Thresher, curator of buildings and grounds.

The next anniversary closes fifty years of educational work at Granville - a fact of no mean im- Few institutions in the land can point to a fairer record. It is doubtful if more has been done, with equal resources, anywhere on the continent. The college has had, from the first, a wellearned reputation for careful training and thorough scholarship, which it hopes to maintain in all time to come.

This semi-centennial will be appropriately observed. Acommittee of the trustees is appointed, and the co-operation of alumni and students is specially invited, that the. end of fifty years may result in such awakened enthusiasm and hope as will bear the work forward both in attempting and accomplishing greater things in the future.

The following extract from the report of the committee appointed in 1878, to examine the financial condition of the college, will be found interesting in this connection:

''The committee appointed to prepare a statement as to the history and condition of the funds of the university, present the following. In submitting their report, the committee offer as prefatory, and as being necessary to its completeness, the substance of a paper prepared by Dr. Talbot in 1863, which presents an exhaustive and complete exhibition of the finances of the college from its origin to the date of that paper. This exhibit divides those thirty-two years into two periods; The first extending from the origin of the college in 1831 to 1853; the second from 1853 to 1863.

"'It was ascertained that the entire assets of the college in 1853, including all endowments, were only thirteen thousand seven hundred and seventy-two dollars and sixty-five cents. At the end of the second period in 1863 the entire endowments of the college were estimated at fifty thousand dollars. Dr. Talbot was appointed president of the college at the June meeting of the trustees in that year. The college was at that time in a very precarious condition. The country being in the midst of our late civil war, was depressed in all its interests almost to despair. The faculty were without any visible means of support, except the tuition fees of the scanty number of students, and that number was constantly decreasing by enlistment in the yolunteer armies of the Government. In this state of affairs the trustees resolved to petition the Baptist convention of the State of Ohio, to recommend to the friends of the ¢ollege to raise some endowment for the support of its faculty. This petition was presented to the convention at its annual meeting in October, 1863, and the convention resolved to recommend the raising of a special endowment of one hundred thousand dollars. This undertaking was assumed by a few individuals in manner as set forth in the following plan: as a permanent fund, the annual income of which only may be expended in sustaining the faculty of instruction in Denison university, at Granville, Ohio.

"«©To secure this object, we, the undersigned, agree to pay the seferal sums set opposite our respective names to William P. Huffman, of Dayton, Hubbard Colby, of Mansfield, and George F. Davis, of Cincinnati, or either of them, to be held by until with the accrued interest, the entire sum of one hundred thousand dollars shall have been secured, when they shall call a meeting of the centributors at Granville, Ohio, by sending a written notice to each, and publishing it at least two weeks in the Yournal and Messenger, or the denominational paper, to determine whether the money shall be paid over to the trustees of Denison university, or to a separate board of trustees of endowment fund, to be then incogporated under the act passed March 12, 1853. At this meeting a majority of the persons present, representing in person or by proxy the sums contributed, shall be a quorum to transact business, each one hundred dollars contributed entitling the person representing it to one vote, and a majority of the votes determining to which body the funds shall be entrusted. In no event, however, shall any part of the principal be used, but the annual income only shall be appropriated as aforesaid.'

"This endowment was consummated in 1867. At a meeting of the subscribers to this fund held in Granville, June 27, 1867, it was ascertained that the full amount of reliable subscription somewhat exceeded one hundred thousand dollars, and it was resolved to pay over to the trustees of Denison university the full amount of this subscription in trust, for the object for which the funds were given with the specifications and restrictions attached thereto. This trust was accepted by the college at a meeting of its trustees, held in Granville on the same day, as above specified, and is known on our records as the hundred thousand dollars fund.

"Thus it will be seen thatjthe university holds in trust a special fund of one hundred thousand dollars, limited in its application to the support of the faculty, the annual income of.

which only can be expended. In 1872 and 1873, seventy-five thousand dollars were raised, known as the twenty-five thousand dollar subscription and the fifty thousand dollar subscription. These distinctions were caused by a proposition, in 1872, by Mr. E. E. Barney, a trustee, to give ten thousand doilars upon condition that the full sum of twenty-five thousand dollars could be raised, and by a proposal of the same, in 1873, to give twenty-five thousand dollars, provided the full sum of fifty usand dollars could be raised. These conditions were fulfilled, and the sum of seventy-five thousand dollars was raised. These funds were given to meet the current wants of the university, without limitation, except that no part of the principal should ever be used, nor any more than six per cent. of the income in any one year. The fifty thousand dollar subscription was accepted by the trustees under very heavy penalties of forfeiture, provided any part of the principal or any more than six per cent. of the income should ever be used, or any part of the principal or more than six per cent. of the income of any other funds belonging to the university, then known to the subscribers. ;

"'In addition to the foregoing, the university has interestbearing securities amounting to sixteen thousand seven hundred and seventy-five dollars. This amount is made up of the following items: The presidential and theological fund................. $12,000 A memorial fund, given by Mr. M. E. Gray, a trustee,

Cree OU oa See aos yen ee er oi ce er S aS se 2,275 And two thousand dollars presented by Mr. J. D. Rockefeller, a trustee, one thousand dollars at the annual