Jefferson Township (part 11 of 15)

The state of Ohio with its pulsing industrial activities and rapid development has witbin its confines many men of marked al)ility and Iiigb character in the various professional lines. He whose name initiates this review has gained recognition as one of the able and successful physicians of Greene county, and by his labors, his big-h j)rofessional attainments and bis sterling characteristics has justified the respect and confidence in w hi<:h be is beld by the medical fraternity and the local public. He makes his home in Spring Valley, but was born in Bellbrook, Greene county, August 31, 1864, his parents being George W. and Mary (Snodgrass) Kent. The father, who was probably born in Montgomery county, this state, was a tailor in early life and later purchased a small tract of land near Bellbrook, wbereon he spent the greater part of his life, but his last days -were passed in Spring Valley, where be died, when about seventythree years of age. His widow is still living there. In their family were four children, of wihom the Doctor is the youngest, the others being E. M., a grocer of Spring Valley; E. S., who is engaged in conducting a men's furnishing store in Dayton; Ida, the wife of Dr. W. H. Finley, of Xenia.

The Doctor spent bis early life upon his father's farm at Bellbrook, where be continued until 1883. His early etlucation, ol> tained in the district schools, was supplemented by study in the Normal School at Lebanon and at Yellow Springs, and when nineteen years of age he began teaching, following that profession in Spring Valley and in Sugarcreek township for four years. He began preparation for the practice of medicine as a student in the ofifice of Dr. Finley of Spring Valley, and in 1887 matriculated in the Oliio Medical College of Cincinnati, in which be was graduated in 1889. ^ f^ '^C" gan practice in Lowell. Ohio, where he remained for a year and a half, and had a good patronage from the beginning, but seeking a broader field of labor he came to Spring \'alley and has here practiced with success, owing to his ability and close attention to bis professional duties.

The Doctor was married at the home of the bride in ^lechanicsburg, Ohio, June 3, 1891, to Miss Martha Graham, a daughter of the Rev. T. B. and Abigail (Taylor) Graham. She is a lady of superior culture and knowledge, wIkj was educated in the common schools and at Adrian, Michigan. and afterward engaged in teaching school for several years. She was teaching in Bellbrook wben she became acquainted with the Doctor. Her parents still reside at Richwood, Ohio. The Doctor and Mrs. Kent ba\-e three children. Kathleen, George Graham and Tliomas Marion, all born in Spring Valley.

Dr. Kent votes with the Democracy and in 1893 was appointed a pension examiner and served for five years. He is a member of Spring Valley Lodge, Xo. 302, I. O. O. P., is its examiner, and in the present vear, T902, he became a manber of Xenia Lodge, Xo. 668, B. P. O. E. In the line of his profession he is connected with the Greene County Medical Societ_\- and ^\-ith the State and X'ational ^ledical Societies and bv the interchange of thought which forms a featin-e of those organizations he keeps in touch witli the iH'ogre.ss wliicli is cijiitinually carrying- the science of medicine ti;)\var(l perfection. His life is a busy one. so frequent are tlie demands made upon his professional skill, and it is therefore well that he takes a deep and abiding interest in his wurk, in which he has attained a hig'h degree of proficiencv.

IMatliew C. Alexander, who is a rejiresentative of the farming interests of Greene count V, was born in Xenia township. January 3, 1825. and is still li\ing within its borders. His parents were John and Rebecca (Hook) Alexander. The father was born near Wheeling. West \'irginia, and the mother was a native of the Old Dominion. Tlie former came to Greene county with his parents, Mathew and Isabella (Kendall) Alexander. The family has ever been noted for loxaltv in citizenship, a characteristic that has been manifested by valiant military service. The grandfatlier of out suljject had two brothers who laid down their li\es on the altar of their country at the l)atile of Brandy wine in the Revolutionary war. John Alexander otYeved Iiis services to the government in the war nf 1812. After coming to this country he was married to Rebecca Hook and they took up their abode upon a farm, the cultivation of which claimed his attention throughout tlie years of his liusiness career. He was in<lustrioi's, energetic and reliable, and all who knew him entertained for him respect and confidence. His political support v. as given the Democracv. and both he and his ,\ife were

\alued and consistent memliers of the United Presbxterian church. His death occurred in 1865. and Mrs. Alexander sur\-ived for only about a year, passing away in 1866, at which time her remains were interred bv those of her husbamrs. in the Xenia cemetery. They were the parents of eight children, of whom ]\Iathew Clark is the eldest, the others being: Marv L., the widow of Simpson Drake, and a resident of California; James H., who is living in Ikichanan county, Iowa; John, deceased; Isabella, who is li\ing with our subject: George, who lias awav : Charles G.. who died of t\- phoid lever in the army while serx'ing as a njember of Company D. Se\ent\-fourlli Ohio Infantry; and Josephine, who lives with her brother, Mathew.

In the common schools near his home Mathew Clark .\lexander ])ursue.l his. educati(.}n. becoming familiar w itli the branches of learning which fit one for life's practical duties. He also received ample training in farm labcjr, early becoming familiar with the duties of the field and meadow, and he and his two sisters reside upon a part of the old homestead, where he operates two hundred and thirty-three acres of land in the eastern part of Xenia townshij). He has jjlaced iiis farm under a high state of cultivation', devoting his energies to the raising of crops best adapted to this climate, and also to stock-raising, making a specialty of Shorthorn cattle and Poland-China hogs His business is well conducted and his careful supervision and capable management liaxe brought to him success in his undertakings. He represents a worthy family lliat from pioneer days has been active!)- and honorably identified with the history of (ireene countv.

M. C. Alexander James H. Daughertv

Carlyle iras said tliat "liiography is tlie most interesting as well as the most profitable of all reading." It serves the two-fold purpose of honoring the ]i\ ing and perpetuating the memory of those who have at one time occupied a position of prominence and distinction in any of the avenues of life which contribute to the world's progress. James H. Daugherty was for some years an active factor in business circles in Greene count}- and his efforts were so discerningly directed that he won creditable success, while his uniform honesty and reliability gained for him an honored name.

A nati\e of Greene county, he was born near Sjjring Valley, on the 14th of January, 18^7, his parents being Michael and Lucinda (McReynolds) Daugherty. Being identified with mercantile interests he carried on a general store at Spring Valley in connection with his father for several years. After selling his interest in that enterprise he built a mill fur the manufacture of linseed oil alx)ut two miles from Spring Valley. There he carried on an extensive and successful business, gixing employment to a large force of operatives. He remained there until his retirement from active business life, in 1880, at which time he removed to Xenia, where his reiiiaining days were passed. He had conducted all his business affairs with keen discernment and unfaltering honesty and his capable management and unflagging industry brought to him very creditable and desirable success. He became one of the prosperous residents of the county and the last six years of his life were spent in the enjoyment of the fruits of his former toil.

subject was joined in wedlock to Aliss Cynthia Compton, a daughter of Henry Compton, who was a native of North Carolina, but had been brought to Greene county when eight years of age. The second marriage of Mr. Daugherty was celebrated on the 15th of August, i860, and was blessed with two children, but Ella E. died at the age of eight months, while Rosa D. became the wife of F. N. Shaffer. Mr. Daugherty died in August, 1886. In his death Xenia lost one of its worthy citizens, for he was a man of sterling worth, possessed of characteristics that endeared him to many friends. His life was at all times guided by principles of an upright manhood, by relial)ility in business, by fidelity to every trust reposed in him. and when death came he left behind him an untarnished record.

Frank Newton Shaffer

The life span of Frank N. Shaffer coivered but thirty-five years, yet within that time he attained an enviable reputation at the bar and developed a' character of upright manhood that endeared him to all with whuiu he was associated and niatle his death one deeply regretted throughout the entire community as well as in his own household. Mr. Shaffer was bom in Xenia, on the ^d of September, 1865, and was a son of the Rev. J. F. Shaffer. He was reared amid the refining influences of a good Christian home and his boyhood's training left its impress upon his life. He acquired his literary education in the public schools of Xenia and Wittenberg College, of Springfield, Ohio, in which he was graduated on the completion of the regular course with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. For one year thereafter he engaged in teaching school in Missouri, but with a desire to becoiue a member of the legal profession he entered the law department of the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, and after completing his studies there was admitted to the bar of Ohio in June, 1888, upon passing a successful examination. He located for practice in Xenia, and here in his native city Mr. Shaffer soon won a good clientage. He possessed strong mentality, keen analytical power, was logical in argument, forceful in his presentation oi a case and won a position of distinction at the bar.

On the J5th of September, 1888. Mr. Shaffer was united in marriage to Miss Rosa D. Daugherty, a daughter of James H. and Cynthia (Compton) Daugherty. They became the parents of one daughter, Louisa B., a bright little girl, whose birth occurred January 5, 1895. It ^^'^s on the 17th of September, lyoo, that Mr. Shaffer was called to his tinal rest and the communitv mourned the loss of one of its valued and representative men. He was popular in social circles because of his unfailing courtesy, his deference to the opinions of others and his deep and never failing interest in his fellow man. He was always found on the side of progress and improvement and was a meml>er of the Presbyterian church, in which lie served as deacon. Faultless in honor, fearless in conduct and stainless in reputation, he will long be remembered bv those who knew him as a man of genuine worth, deserving of the highest regard.

Lewis A. Kemp

Lewis A. Kemp is enjoying a well earned rest after years of active labor in the helds. He is an honored retired farmer living in Bellbrook where he has many warm friends who esteem him highly for his genuine worth. He was born on a farm two miles east of Dayton, Ohio, in Montgomery county, July 30, 1825. and is a son of Isaac and Margaret (Herring) Kemp. The father was born in Frederick county, ]\iaryland, al»ut 1786, and the mother's birth occurred near Basil, Switzerland, about 1798. \Mien three years of age she was brought to America, the faimily locating in Frederick county, Maryland. Her father was quite unfortunate in that he had his barn destroyed by lightning and seven years later he had another bam burned in the same way. He also experienced difficulty in obtaining possession of property because of a law which furliade a foreigner to hold land. Therefore he left the south and made his way. to Greene county, Ohio, about 1805. Here he purchased a section of land on Beaver creek. The same year Ludwig Kemp, the paternal grandfather of our subject, arrived in Ohio and purchased a tract of land near Dayton, to which he removed his family in the spring of 1S06. Isaac Kemp was then not cjuite twenty-one years of age. He remained in Ohio until the following autunni. when he returned to Marvland in order to attend school there. Later he engaged in teaching and during the war of 181 2 he was in Maryland at the time two drafts were made, but was not physically able for service. About 1813 he returned to Ohio and entered into partnership witli his father in the distillery business. In 1823 he was married on the Herring farm, in Beavercreek township, to Alargaret Herring, whose father gaA-e him sixty acres of land near Dayton, and upon that tract he built a hewed log house, making it his lie line tlirouglioiit life. Later, however, the house was covered with weather-lKjardiiig', and otlierwise modernized. Five children vverc born untn .Mr. and lUrs. Kemp, hut only three reached mature years, including Lewis A. and his twin brother. Jacob IL, will I fur a few vears engaged in the grocery business in Dayton, and later became a farmer (if Beavercreek town liip, Greene county. He married Ellen Lal-'ong, who is sti'l living in licavercreek. but the brother of our subject, died in January, 1900. leaving three children. The other brother, John D. Kemp, became a practicing phwsician after graduating from the Baltimore L'nix'ersity. He taught school in order to earn the money that enablcvl him tn com])lcte his college course, together with that fnniisiied him by the subject of this review, lie married Harriet Holdeman at Emporia. Kajisas. having known her. ho\\e\cr. in Montgomerv county, Ohio. I"Lsta'l>lisliing an o!"tice in I)a\ton. he there successfully practiced until .\pril 17, 1884, when he departed this life, lea\'ing one child. While practicing in X'andalia, he was elected to the lower house of the state legislature by the Ucmocratic party, serving for two terms, covering four years. He was then elected to the state senate to represent Preble anil Montgomery conntie,s and was an active and valued member of the assembly, lea\-ing the impress of his individuality upon the legislation enacted during his service. He was also a director of the Southern Asxluui at Dayton, filling that position at the time of his death, which resulted from an injury caused by his horse running away. He was then about fiftyfour years of age, having been born in 1S30. Thus it is that Lewis A. Kemp is the onhsurvi\ing member of the faniilv. He is well

During his boyhood Mr. Kemp remained upon the home farm, attended the county schools and there studied surveying. He afterward engaged in teaching and later was for some time a student in the schools of Dayton. He afterward resumed his work as an educator and followed tlie profession altogether f<n- about twelve years, beginning Avhen he was twenty-one vears of age. At length, howe\-er. he turned his attention to agricultural ]nirsuits, operating his father's fami, and through a long jierio.l he successfully carried on business along that line. W'lhen he had accjuired a considerable coni]3eteiice he resohed to enjoy a good rest fj'om labor and well does he merit this retirement, for in former years his career was one of unflagging industry, enterprise ;ind unfaltering honesty.

On the 24th of March, 1859, in Montgomery county, Lewis A. Kemp was married to Hester Ann Taylor, whose birth (occurred on the farm where their marriage was celebrated. They remained in Montgomery county until 1875 when Mr. Kemp came with his famih- to Greenr count v. having purchased two hundred aih! four acres of land- near Bellbrtjok. He also, however. retains possession of one hundred and twenty-four acres in Montgomery countw Si.\ children have been born to this marriage: Stephen A., who resides near Emporia, Kansas, where he is engaged in cattle raising, was married in that state to Mrs. Ida Stanford. John died at the age of three years. Josephine is the wife of W. E. Strain, of Greenville. Ohio, and has two sons. Lewis Augustus is engaged in the cattle business at Emporia, Kansas. Addie is tlie wife uf \\'alter W'eller, of Montgomery CDunty. and has one daughter. Horace S.. who is operating his father's farm in Greene county, was married near Emi)(.)ria, Kansas, to Ida David, and has two cliiUh-en. The wife and nrntlier was called U> her final rest in September. 1890, at the age of fift_\- se\en years and eleven months and was laid to rest in Bellbrook cemetery. On the 15th of June. 1896. Mr. Kemp was again married, his second union being with Mrs. Mary E. Harris, nee Brown, of Bellbrook. She was burn in Sugarcreek township, a tlaughter of George and Matilda (Peoples) Brown. She was first married March 14, 1874, to Clinton Harris and they had three sons, Clau(L\ (if .Sugarcreek township; James Leroy. also of the same township, wdio married Catherine A\-ey and has one child ; and George E.. win* married Ethel Vaughan and lives in Daytmi.

Since casting his first presidential vote for Cass in 1848, Mr. Kemp has been a stanch Denn icrat. He was appointed to ser\e for three years as school commissioner of Montgomery coimty. The probate judge wished to re-appoint him l)ut sent him word that he wnuld not give the office to a \'allandingham man, \\hereupon ]\Ir. Kemp returned the message that he was for \'allandingham and therefore did not get the office, but he hail the satisfaction of knowing that he had stood firmly by his belief. He served for two terms as township trustee and one year as assessor of ]Mad River township. He has been a member of the school board for fourteen years, was township clerk I if Mad River township, filling the office at the time he removed to Greene county. For eighteen years he has been a niember nf the school board of Bellbrook.

C. H. Kyle

Professional advancement in the law is proverbially slow. The first element of success is, perhaps, a persistency of purpose and effort as enduring as the force of gravity. But. as in any other calling, aptitude, character and imlividuality are the qualities which differentiate the usual from the unusual : the vocation from the career of the lawyer. Possessing aJl the essential characteristics of the successfiil lawyer, C. H. Kyle has advanced to a prominent position in the legal fraternity of Greene county. He makes his home in Xenia and is numbered among Ohio's native sons, for his birth occurred in Cedar\-ille, Greene county, .\iiril 30, 1858, his parents being James and Maria J. (Tarbox) Kyle; the former a native of the Buckeye state, and the latter of Elaine.

Judge Samuel Kyle, the grandfather of our subject, came to Ohio in 1804 and located in what is now Cedar\ille township, Greene cnunty, removing to this state frum Kentucky. He was one of the most e.xtensi\-e and prominent farmers of this section cif the state, owning and operating twelve hundred acres (if land. He was alsd a sur- \'eyor in the early days and was actively connected with surveying the Cdiuity. his efforts C(.intriliuting in ikt small degree td the progress and impr()\'ement of the coniminiity. In public aft'airs he was most faithful, reliable and capable, as is indicated by thirt\--fi\-e \ears' service as associate judge. He left the impress of his individuality upon the judicial hist(iry as well as upon the improvement of the comity along material lines and ])assed away at the ag;e of seventyeight years.

followed farming- throughout his entire life, being for many years a representatixe of agricultural interests in Ceclarville township. Init later he retired, living in Xenia in the enjoyment of the fruits of his farm la- I)or. He died September 4. 1S97. aged seventy-seven years. His wife died in 1860. He hafl three children: Dr. J. M. Kyle, a Presbyterian missionary of Brazil, South America: Mary Ellen, wIki died in i8r)5 at the age of seven years: and L". li.. the subject of this review.

C. H. Kyle pursued the greater part of his education in the schools of Cedarville. but afterward entered Wooster University, at Wooster, Ohio, an institution imder the care of the Presbyterian church, lie there pursued a classical course and won the degree of Master of Arts in 1S79. After his graduation he began the study of law in the oftice of Judge ]\Iunger, of Xenia. who directed his reading for two years, and on the expiration of that period he became a nieiiiber of the senior class of the Cincinnati Law School, in which he was graduated in IcS8j with the degree of LL.B. When he completed his law course and had ben admitted to the bar he came to Xenia in 1883. and for almost twenty years has been a practitioner at the bar of Greene county. He is acti\-ely connected with a profession which has important bearing upon the progress and stable prosperity of any section or community, and one which has long been considered as conserving the pul)lic welfare bv furthering the ends of justice and maintaining individual rights. His reputation as a law^ yer has been won through earnest, honest labor, and his standing at the Itar is a merited tribute to his ability.

Xenia, a daughter of James and C. Mary McMillan, the former a retired merchant of this city. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Kyle has been blessed with three children, as follows: James Porter, Mary Olive, and Ruth McMillan, all attending the public schools of Xenia. The parents hold membership in the Third United Presbyterian church, of which Mr. Kyle is one of the trustees. For a number of years he has also been a member of the l)oard of the Young Men's Christian Association. He is one of the board of directors and the attorney for the Citizens' National Bank of Xenia. His clientage has become of a distinctively representative character and claims his entire attention, and in the legal profession be has advanced to a position prominent among the most skillful lawvers in his district.

Johx R. Ridexour

In an analyzation of the life, the work and the character of John R. Ridenour it is evident that undaunted enterprise, indomitable purpose and resolute principles ba\-e ever l)een potent elements in his career and lia\-e been the means of advancing him to a prominent position in the county in which he makes his home. He is now serving as postmaster of Alpha and there conducts a grocerv store, being a well known factor in mercantile interests of that place.

Mr. Ridenour was born in Beavercreek towntship, July 20, 1835, and is a son of Henry and Mary Ann (Hyland) Ridenour. His father was born in Martinsburg, Berke- ]ey county. West Virginia, in Xovember. 1804, and the mother was born in Washington countv. Marxland, near Hagerstown.

Henry Ridenour came to Ohio in the year 1828, at which time he located hi Seneca county, where he engaged in farming. After two years, liowever. he returned to Maryland and was there married in Marcli. 1830. Immediately afterward he brought his bride to Oliio and this time settled in Knox county, but in the spring of 1833 he removed to Greene county, taking up his abode near w here the \-i!lage of Alpha now stands. Here he engaged in the operation of rented land until 1855. when with the capital he had acfjuired through his own efforts, he purchased si.\ty-five acres of, land. To this he afterward added and at the time of his death was the owner of a good farm of ninetyfive acres. He ga\-e bis political support to the Democratic principles as advocated b\- Jackson until 1856, wben he espoused the cause of tlie new Republican party and was one of its standi adherents throughout his remaining days. His death occurred December 8. 1880. and his wife, who was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, died March i, 1876. tlieir remains being interred in Beaver cemetery. In their familv were three sons and two daughters : Anna P.. a resident of Xenia; John R.. of this review: Upton H., who was killed in a runaway accident in December. 1862; Thomas Jefferson, of Osborn. this county : and ^Mary E.. who is living in Xenia.

After acquiring a common school edr.cation. Joim R. Ridenour devoted his entire tii\ie to farm work until he entered the armv. He attempted to enlist in 1862 but did not pass muster and it was not until the 2d of May. 1864. that he was received as one of the defenders of the Union in the field of battle. In June. 1863. he had become a member of the Xational Guard in the township and was mustered in at Camp Dennison in the following ]\lay as second sergeant of Company D. One Hundred and Fifty-fourth Ohio Infantry. The regiment participated in the battle of Xew Creek and was engaged in scouting and guard duty. Ill September. 1864. Mr. Ridenour was mustered out and returned home, resuming the quiet pursuits of the farm, where he remained for a year aiitl a half. After his marriage he then purchased property near the fair grounds at Xenia, continuing to engage in the tilling of the soil there until 1886, when he sold that farm and l;)ought land in the western part of Beavercreek township, making his home at that place for three and one-half years. On the expiration of that period he came to Al])ha and in Se;; tember, 1889, began tiie erecticMi of the building wliidi he now occupies as a store and jx>stoffice.

On the 30th of September, 1874. }.Ir. Ridenour was wedded to Miss Sarah J. Prugh. of Montgomery county, Ohio.' She is a member of the Methodist Protestant church ami is a most estimable lady. Mr. Ridenour belongs to the Cirand Army Post, to the Old Guard of Dayton, and is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In politics he has been a stalwart Republican. He became a resident of Alpba in September. 1889. and tlie following Xovemlier was ap])ointed ].}- Benjamin Harrison as postmaster, serving continuously until Cleveland's administration. During the McKinley administration, Frank Merrick was appointed to the position, but on account of the criticisms which his administration invoked, he was removed and Mr. Ridenour was again appointed and has served continuously since September, 1898. In 1 87 1 he was elected justice of the peace and for three terms filled that position. He also filled out an unexpired term as township clerk, while for nne term he was township trustee. In ])ul)lic office he has ever been found faithful. cai)abie and trustworthy. He is public-spirited in an eminent degree. National jirugTess and local advancement arc causes l)Oth dear to his heart. Kindness, ajmiability and courtesy not only cliaracterize his social relations hut are a marked factor in his business life.

William X'inicum Rhoades was born November lo. 1811. in lUu^lington county. Xew Jersey, and was a grandscjn of John Rhoades. a native of England, who. on crossing tlie Atlantic to .\merica. took up his abode in Xew Jersey. He had a family of three sons. James. Stephen and John, and t\\(j daughters, one of whom l>ecame the wife of Charles Parker, of South Aml)oy. New Jersey, and their son. Joel Parker, was one of the governors of that state. The other daughter married William Vinicum. an attornc}-, for whom William Vinicum Rhoades was named. Ste])lien Rhoades married Elizabeth Coojier, who was of Holland lineage, and their children were Isaac. William \'.. Jacob. Martha. .\l)igail. I'llizabeth. Lavisa and Margaret. In the fall of 1816. Stephen started with his fanfily from New- Jersey to Ohio, making the jounic\- by wagon to Pittsburg. At that point their goods were transferred to a boat bound for Cincinnati, while the hc.rses were (lri\-en in'crland to the same ])lace. Later thev removed to Warren county. Ohio, where at the age of fomieen years. William \'. Rhoades began to learn the trade of wagon and plow making under the direction of Joseph Giffins. at Ridgeville, completing a three years' apprenticeship there. He afterwanl worked for three years for Isaac Dunwiddie at Centerville, and then came to Xcnia. where he entered the employ of Rol)inson & Lucas. Soon after, however, he began business on his own account on West AVater street in a building a little west of Calloway street, and almost opposite the Barr property.

On the 22nd of January. 1833. William V. Rhoades was united in marriage to Elizabeth Gowdy. a daughter of Robert and Nancy Gowdy. the wedding being celebrated at the home of the bride at the corner of Detroit and W'ater streets, tlie officiating minister being the Rev. John Steel, of the Associate Reformed church, and they were attended by Alexander Zimmerman and Martha (jowdy. Their lirst home was a little frame house which str>o(l alxiut a block east of Detroit street, on Main street, where William Homer's grocery is now located. With the exception of a few years spent in St. Paris. Champaign county, they lived all their married life in Xenia. Elexcn children were born unto them, of whom two died in infancy. Elizabeth Ariminta was born July 8, 1834. and was married December 4, 186 r, to Pred E. Hubbard, removing to Dela-ware countv, Ohio. Rolicrt (_iowdy was born March 6, 1837, and was married to Sarah .Abigail Roberts, September 17, 1867, their home being now in St. Paul, Minnesota^ Mary McBride. born September 3, 1839, became the wife of David Sherman, Xovember 8. 1876. and they now reside in Xenia. James Marion was born February i. 1841. and at the outbreak of the Civil war he enlisted in Company F. Thirty- fourth Regiment of Ohio Volunteers, known as Piatt's First Z(.>uaves. ITe died in the liosjjital at

Murfreesboro, ^March 23, 1863. and was buried in the national cemeten,' there. Sarah Margaret, born March 6, 1847, resides in Xenia. John Brown was born February 20, 1849, and married Adelaide Bell Dolson, January 13, 1874. For several years he was agent for the American Express Company at Xenia Init is now living in Collumbus. Ohio. Charles William, born January 19. 1854. was married June 5, 1883, to Mary Frankenburger and is now living in Peru, Indiana. Eliza Alice, born August 9, 1856, was married January 22, 1880, to James Perry Howell, of Xenia. .\lbert Clinton, born December 28, 1861, wedded Mary Belle Haines, March 14, 1888. For the past eight years he has been connected with the F. C. Trebein Company of Xenia and Trebeins. They reside on a farm formerl_\- owned by John Ea\-ey, just outside of the city limits on the Wilmington pike. ^^'illiam \\ Rhuades. the father of this family, wa^ engaged in the manufacture of wagons and. plows in Xenia for more than fifty years, being a leading representative of its industrial interests and an honoraljle business man whose integrity and reliabilitv were above question. He was a life-long Deinocrat and died .\.pril 10, 1889, while his wife, Eliza (rowdy Rhoades, passed away February 6. 1890.

Judge Joseph X. Deax

Joseph X". Dean is ni>w ser\ing fur the second term as judge of the probate court of Greene county, and is one of the leading members of the bar of his district. He makes his home in Xenia, and is numl)ered anione the native sons of this county. There his birth occurred in Jasper township. August 22, 1844, his parents being Joseph and Hannah (Boggs) Dean, the former a native of Kentucky and the latter of Ohio, while both were of Scotch-Irish extraction. The paternal grandfather of our subject was one of the honored pioneers of this county. Coming from Kentucky in 1812, accompanied by his wife and eleven children, they settled in what is now Xew Jasper township, and there all of the children were reared to mature years and married and had families of their own, averaging eleven children each. There were thirty-six members of the family who served in the Union army, and all continued through the temi of enlistment, and returned home, with the exception of one, who died at the front. Thirty of the number are still li\-ing - honored veterans of the war which preserved the Union.

Joseph Dean, the father of our subject, accompanied his parents to Ohio and throughout his entire life fc^llowed farming, although in early life he had learned both blacksmithing and slioemaking, which pursuits he followed for a few years in connection with farming. He was one of the most prosperous farmers of the county and was a natural mechanic, having particular ability along that line. He could do an\'- thing recpiired about the farm, and his efficiency in this direction enabled him Id keep his place in tlrst-class condition. In his family were nine children who reached mature years, while two died in infancy. The father passed away at the age of seventxeight years, nine months and twenty-three days, while the mother was called to her final rest when she had reached the age of sevent\'-nine vears, onemnnUi and fmu" da vs.

Joseph N. Dean

The Judge was the eighth in Drder of lirii'th in tlieir family of eleven children. lie acquired his earl^\- education in the schools of New Jasper township and when seventeen years of ag^e he ofifered his services to his country, enlisting- on the 17th of August, 1861, as a member of Company B, . Fortieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, under Captain Hayworth and Colonel Cranor. Me was mustered in at Columljus and the regiment was first assigned to the command of General Garfield. The first battle in which he participated was at Prestonburg, Kentucky. Later the regiment was assigned to the lunirth Army Corps, under Gordan Granger, and with that command Judge Dean partici])atcd in the battles of Lookout Mountain, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge and various engagements of the Atlanta campaign, including the battle of Atlanta. Later he met the enemy in a battle at Lovejoy Station and Jonesboro, and on the 17th of October, 1864. he was mustered out. He was wounded in the face at Chickamauga, and was again hit by rebel lead at Lookout Mountain, where he aided in capturing three pieces of artillery. He was reconi- Viended for the commission in recognition of his gallantry and l)ravery on that occasion.

After his return home Judge Dean continued his education, becoming a student in Smith College, at Xenia, while later he was a student in Iron City College, at Pittsburg, where he completed his literary course and was graduated in 18^)7. He then began reading law under Hon. R. F. Howard at Xenia and for a time devoted his attention to agricultural jHU'suits, but wishing to make the practice of law his life work, in 1876 he entered the Cincinnati Law School, in which he was graduated with the class of 1879.

Immediately afterward he opened an office in Xenia and has since Ijeen a member of the Greene county bar. In 1882 he was elected prosecuting attorney and served in that capacity for six years. His i)rei)aration of cases is most thorough and exhaustive; he seems almost intuitively to grasp the strong points of law and fact, while in his briefs and arguments the authorities are cited so e.xtensively and the facts and reasoning thereon are presented so cogently and unanswerably as to leave no doubt as to the correctness of his views or of his conclusion. Xo detail seems to escape him ; every case is given its due prominence and the case is argued with such skill, alMJiiy antl i>ower that he rarely fails to gain the verdict desired. In 1896 he was elected probate judge and filled the office so acceptably that he was re-elected in 1899. He is thoroughly familiar with the law, which comes into ]3lay in thg probate court and his decisions iKue been strictly fair and impartial, winning him high commendation.

On the 17th of July, 1867. Judge Dean was united in marriage to Miss Lydia Clea- \'er. of Clinton county, Ohio, a daughter of James Cleaver, of Wilmington, Ohio. She died on the ist of July. 1874. leaving one son. Walter P., who is now deputy probate judge of Greene county. On the 7th of June. 1888. Judge Dean was again married, his second union being with Mary Gaumer, a daughter of Jonathan and Mahala Gaumer. of Muskingum county. Ohio. Three of her Ijrothers are electors and in the family eight became teachers. Two have also been connected with the legislature, one is a member of the house and the other of the senate. Mr. and Mrs. Dean hold membership in the First L^nited Presbyterian church of Xenia, as does his son. The

Judge also belongs to the Union Veterans' Legion and the Grand Army of the Republic. He is likewise a member of the Association of Ex-Soldiers and Sailors, of which he was one of the organizers and has served as its president. He was a member of the Committee of One Hundred and <lid most effective work in the cause of temperance, especially at tlie time of the memoraljle electinn of 1902. when it was definitely decided that Xenia should be free from the curse of the saloon. His loyaltv in citizenship is of the same kinil that prompted his enlistment in the hour of his coutnry's peril. At the bar he has achieved success through honorable efforts, untiring industry and capability and in ])rivate life he has gained that warm personal regard which arises from kindness and geniality, deference for the opinions of others and from true nobility of character.

A. H. Beal

A fine farm of one hundred and twentyfive acres is the property of A. H. Beal and is lix-ated in Sugarcreck township, not far from Xenia. Mr. Ijeal was bom in Caesarscreek township, May 2, 1837. His father. George Beal. was a native of Pennsylvania and married Rachel Driscoll. who was born in tills state and was of Irish lineage. With bis parents the father came to Ohio in his boyhood and the marriage of Air. and Mrs. Beal was probably celebrated in Clark county, although they began their domestic life in Greene count)-, where all of their children were born. Throughout the years of his Inisiness career the father carried on agricultural pursuits. He reached the verv ad- \'anced age of eighty-two years, passing away in 1875. ii<-' li^'l '-^ad l-)"* a limited education in his youtli but he made the most of his opi^ortunities and possessed that sterling honesty and worth of character which everywhere wins respect and confidence. He voted with the Danocracy. In the family were thirteen children, one of whom died at the age of thirteen years, while five of the number are still living.

A. H. Beal was the eleventh in order of birth and his youth was spent upon the home fami where, since old enough to handle the plow, he took his place in the fields assisting in -the cultivation of various crops. In the winter months he managed to acquire a good education in the public schools. He worked for his father until be bad receiveil enough to ])urchase a small farm of eightyeight acres adjoining the old homestead and then he was married, seeking as a companion and helpmate for the journey of life Miss Keziah Jane Ary, the wedding taking pLice on the 30th of ]March, 1859. T^^ '''''v resided near I'aintersville. where she was born June 27, 1836, her parents being John and Margaret (Turner) Ary. Her father came to Ohio from Virginia. Her mother v.as of English descent and they were married in Greene countv.

After the marriage of 'Sir. and Mrs. Beal they began their domestic life upon his farm which continued to be their home for si.x. years, when he sold that property and ])urchased one hundred and sixt_\--si.K acres of land in Greene county. At different times he has purchased tracts of sixty, fift\-four, eleven and six acres, and in 1891 he removed to liis ])resent fann. Here he is successfully carrying on agricultural pursuits; his fields are well tilled and all mo<lern e(iuipments are found upon bis place, showing the owner to be a man of progressive

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Eeal lia\e been born seven children : Elias, who married Flora Hampton, is the assistant cashier in the bank at Bowersville. Samuel Lewis niarriefl Ertie Black, who died, leaving four children. Emma became the wife of Samuel Hollingwortb. who resides near Biu'lingtnn. in Clinton county. Charles Elmer married Julia Darst, by wlmm he has four children, and their home is in Jefferson township. Melville F. married Delia Compton and resides in the village of Spring Valley, and Clinton ]'. completes the family. Mr. Beal was reared a IJemocrat aufl yet endorses the party. His wife is a member of the Methodist Protestant church. They are widely known in Greene county as worthy representatives of agricultural interests and their sterling characteristics are such as to obtain for them the warm regard of all with whom tlu'v have been associated.

Jrihn A. Harner, who is engaged in general farming in Spring Valley township, has a well impraverl tract of land four miles southwest of Xenia. He was liorn on the Little Miami river, near Bellbrook, .\ugust 31, 1S36. his parents being John and Magdalena (Haines) Harner. His paternal grandparents were George and Sarah (Koogler) Harner, and the former was Ixjrn in Germanw whence he sailed for America when about fourteen years of age. He ]M"obably located first near Cincinnati and afterward removed to a place called Round Bottom, coming thence to Greene cnunty at a very early date in the history of the development of this jxirtion of the state. John Harner was born in this countv in 1805 and was familiar with the early progress and inipru\enient. The forests stood in their primeval strength and little -was done to reclaim the land for purposes of civilization, but as the years progressed the settlers wrought many changes here, laying broad and deep the foundation for the present develojiment and prosperity of the counts Jiihn Harner acquired a fair common school education and served as captain of a militia in the days when mustering was in vogue. When quite young he was married, and in connection with his father-in-law he engaged in the operation of a mill and distillery, conducting the business in P>e!lbrook. There they erected a flouring mill which they operated until about 1848, when Mr. Harner retired from the business and began farming upon rented land. At different times he rented various farms, for he was in limited circumstances and did not have the money with which to purchase land. He had ten children and the sons remained at liome, all farming together.

John .\. Jlarner. whose name introduces this record, continued with his father until thirty-two years of age. Llis early life was one of toil biu he formed habits of industry and economy, which have proven of value to him in his later career. He was married February 13, 1868, to Miss Eliza Lautz, who was born in the first courthouse in Greene county, near Harbine Mills, August 8, 1844. She w'as a daughter of John and Catherine (Rhoades) Lantz, who removed from Marxdand to Greene county at an early day. In 1865 our subject and his brothers l)iuxhased two hundred and twenty-four acres of land, upon wliich John .A. Harner now resides, and after liis marriage he took up his abode here. A sniaU portion of the land had been cleared and a portion of the present house had been built, but Mr. Harner has since made two additions to the home. The first settler upon the place was William Hamilton, who sold the property to Robert Hamilton, from whom the Harner brothers purchased it. Our subject has erected a good bank barn, forty-two by eighty feet, but he found this inadequate and built another one. thirty-six by sixtveight feet. He has a hog pen, thirty-six by twenty-fi\-e feet, and all the necessary outbuildings for the shelter of grain and stock. About 1884 he and his brothers dissolved partnership. Mr. Harner purchasing the interests of the others in the farm upon which he makes his home.

Four children have been born unto our subject and his wife: \'inton L., who died in August. 1869: Maggie, who married Albert Thornhill, and resides in Xenia; John H., who married Hattie Stillings and is a farmer residing in Spring Valley township with his wife and one child. Horace Irving; and Jessie, at home.

Mr. Harner was reared a Whig and was only four years old at the time of the presidential election of 1840. He can remember William H. Harrison, who was then the candidate of the Whig party. In i860 he voted for Lincoln and has since been a Republican, unswerving in his advocacy of the principles of the party. He had one brother, William P.. who was a soldier of the Civil war. He belonged to Company F. One Hundred and Tenth Ohio Infantry, and laid down his life on the altar of his country at the battle near Spottsylvania Court House, his remains being interred in the soldiers' national cemeterv near there. Mr. Harner is a self-made man. He had few advantages in youth but he jxissessed a resolute spirit, unfaltering purpose and strong determination. Steadily he has worked his way upward and to-day he is one of the prosperous farmers of Spring \'alley township, having a very desirable property, which is the visible evidence of his life of industrv.

William Martix Barber

W. ]\Iartin Barber, a nati\e of Greene county, was born May 6, 1820, in what was then Ross township, but is now Cedarville township, his parents being John and Sarah (Martin) Barber. The father was a native of Penns}-lvania and at an early day came to Ohio, settling in what was then Ross township, Greene county. His father liail purchased a large tract of land in this township and divided it among his sons. He, too, became a resident of the county, living here for many years, where he was eventually called to his final rest. John Barber served the country in the war of 18 12 and throughout the greater part of his business career carried on agricultural pursuits. After the death of her husband Mrs. Barber removed to Cedarville. where she passed away at an advanced age. Both were loyal members of the Associate Reformed church, and in their family were eleven children, of whom W. IMartin was the second in order of birth. Only two of the number, liowever, are now living, the other being- Esther, wife of James Townslev.

W. Martin Barber obtained his education in an old log school-house in his native township and though his privileges in that direction were somewhat limited, his train- ing at farm labor was nut neglected. Abdiit 1841 he reninved to Ccdarville. where he engaged in the operation uf a sawmill, ccjntinning in that industry for many years. The mill was situated in the village and he engaged in its operation muil about ten vears ago. since which time he has lived a retired life, enjoying a well merited rest. In his business affairs he prospered as the result of his untiring activity, his enterprise and capable management. He also owns a farm of one liundred and fifty acres in Cedars'ille townshij). which he has manageil for. a number of years.

Mr. Barber has been twice married. For his first wife he chose X'ancy Townsley, their marriage being celebrated February 9, 1848. She was a daughter of Enos Townsley, a farmer and an earlx' settler of Ceflarville townsiiip. llcr death occurred Ma_\- 4, 1855, and four children were left to mourn her loss: Emmazetta is the wife of L. J. Bull, of Cedarville, and they have three children - Carl, Frank B. and Ralph. Mary Jis the wife of Charles M. Crouse, who is engaged in tlie hardware business in Cedarville. Henry M. is the superintendent of the straw department of the pajjcr mill at this place and is a member of the budding committee of the courthouse for this county. Nancy is the wife of James H. Andrew, a retired grocer, of Cedarville. For his second wife Mr. Barber chose Mary ^L Mead, a nati\e of Morgan county, Ohio, and a daughter of Holmes aiid Marv Ann Mead. Her father was born in Vermont and the mother's birth occurred in Xew Jersey. I\Ir. Mead follow'ed farming all his life. At an early da>- he came to Ohio and here became identified with agTicultural pursuits. His last davs. however, were spent in Kansas. The second marriage of Mr. Barber occurred Xovember 20, 1861, and by this union two children ha,"\e been born: Carrie J. and Lulu. The latter is at home and the fomier is now the wife of W. L. Marshall, who is engaged in the livery business in Xenia. They have four children : Harry, Arthur B., Mary L. and Alfred L.

.\t the time of the Civil war Mw Barber was made a member of the Volunteer Company of Xenia, was stationed at Fort Chase at the time of the Morgan raid, but was only on duty for a few da\s. In politics he was a Democrat during early life, but for the past ten years has voted the Reformed ticket. For se\eral terms he served as a member of the council at Cedarville, and whatever tended to advance the welfare ami upbuilding of the town has proved of interest to him and has elicited his co-operation. For over a half-ccntin-y he has been a member of the United Presbyterian cluirch and his life has been in constant harmony with its teachings and principles. Mr. Barber is now past the age of eighty-two years, and to him is tendered the veneration and respect which should e\-er be gi\e:i to one of advanced years. His life lias been characterized by industry, by perseverance, by loyalty in citizenship and trustworthiness in all relations, and therefore his example is one worthy of emulation, and one which should ever awaken respect.

Upon the farm w hich he now occupies in Xenia township J. Homer Hawkins was born on the 20th of Xovember, 1864, and here his entire life has been passed as a representative agriculturist of Greene countv.

He is a son of James and Catlierine (Cromwell ) Hawkins and the father was also born on the farm occupied hy our subject, 'i'hc grandfather was J^Iounts Hawkins, and at an early day the family lived in the Shenandoah valley of Virginia. Mounts Hawkins was an own cousin of David Crockett, the famous scout and explorer. Leaving \'irginia he emigrated westward and became one of the pioneer settlers of Greene county, Ohio. He engaged in farming in Xenia townsliip and purchased the old home place, to which he added from time to time until he had one ihousand acres, the greater part of which was originally covered with limber, but lie cleared away the forest trees and developed a very valuable farm, lie we<l(led Mary Allen, a daughter of Davis and Elizabeth (Antrim) Allen, who were also from \'irginia. It was in i8 14' that the grandparents of our subject arri\ed in Crcene countw and the thousand acres of land were ])urchased for live thousand doU lars. Both Mounts Hawkins and his wife spent their remaining days in this county. Their son, James Hawkins, w^as reared amid the wild scenes of tlie frontier and assisted in the arduous task of developing a new farm from the wild forest land. Throughout the years of bis business career he carried on agricultural pin^suits, making his home upon the place where his birth occurred. He married Catherine Cromwell, a native of Maryland and a daughter of Richard and Susan (McLrmghlinj Cromwell, also natives of the same state. 'i"he father was a farmer and stock-raiser and followed those pursuits until his death, which occurred in Maryland, when he was forty-six years of age. He had served bis country in the war of ilSu. l'\>r nearlv ten years after the father's death the CrtMiiwell familv remained in Maryland and then the mother brought her six children, of whom Mrs. Hawkins was one, to Greene county, Ohio. James Hawkins was a prosperous and i>rogressive man and ])ro\-ided a good home for his family. He became a very extensive land owner and his realt\- holdings jjrought to him a g(jod financial return by reason of the care and labor be bestowed upon the fields. He was a member of the First Reformed church of Xenia and served as one of its elders for many years. In politics he was a Democrat. His death occurred in December, i8Sj, when he was sixty-two years of age, and thus the community lost a valued and representative citizen and Irs family a devoted husband and father. His widow still survives him and yet resides upon the old ihome farm with the subject of this review. Bv her marriage she became the mother of nine children: Jose])h C. who died in childhood; Mary Belle, at home: Carrie, also at home: Sallie C who spends most of her time in Atlanta. Georgia: Mounts, who died in infancy: l'"lora, who died at the age of seventeen years : Frances C, the wife of L. F.' Cramer, an insm\'mce man of Osborn, Greene county: Ann Maria, who died in infancy: and J. Homer. Of this family I'rances C. was married in 1881 to L. F. Cramer, of I'ranklin county, Pennsylvania. Their chililrcn arc: Winnefred, a student in Wittenberg College, of Springfield. Ohio: Ral])h, a student in the high school of Osborn: Catherine, who is also taking the high school course; Joseph Carl, who died at the age of three years; and Marguerite, at home.

J. flomer Hawkins pursued his earlv education in the public schools of Xenia and later became a student in Xenia College, after which he entered upon his business career as a farmer and stnck-raiscr. liaviny gained i)ractical knciwledt^e of the business duriii'^- the davs i)f his youth, wlien lie was not occupied l)v iiis sclmol \vori<. lie is enga^'i^ed in the operation of two hundred acres of rich and valuable land, and the liclds are under a high state of cultivation. He is also a successful stock-raiser, making a specialty of short-horn cattle. Poland China hogs and I'ercheron horses. He takes a deep interest in everything tending to p'"omote the welfare of the agTicultural class and render their labors more effective and profitable, and is to-day the president of the (Ireene (."oinity Farmers' Institute.

in Xovember, iS<)i, Mr. Hawkins was united in marriage to Miss iClizabeth iMsher. a daughter of Andrew I-'isher. a meat jiacker and dealer of Xenia. To them have been burn two children : James, born .March 7. 181^4, and Kdith .\1., born .April jj. iS(;t). In his ])<)litical views Mr. I lawkins is a Democrat and has been a member of Xenia township board of education I'or the past seven or eight years, while for fourteen years he has been a deacon in the I\eformed church, in wihich he holds membership.

Samuel Moses Mallow

From pioneer times down to the present the Mallow family has been rei)resented in (ircene county and the name figures on the pages of history in comiedion with .agricultural interests and with many lines of l>rogress and iimprovemenl, wihich have lead to the substantial ui)building oi' this portion ol the state. Mr. Mallow of this review is now residing in Caesarscreek townshiji. 1 le was bovn May 6, 1831, in what is now Xcw Jasper t(nvnship, bis parents being George and Flizabetli (Fudge) Mallow. The family is of Gemian lineage but was founded at an early date on American shores. Both of the parents of our subject were natives of Virginia, the father having been born in Rockingham county. They were* married in Warren county, Ohio, having taken up their abode in this portion of the state during its primitive development. After their marriage they lived in Xew Jasper townshij). where they spent their remaining days, the f.lther passing awa\- in 1861 at the age of se\enty-one years, while the mother's death occurred in 1865. their remains being interred in L5oots' cemeterv of New Jasper township. Mr. Mallow was a W'hig in his ])olitical views and both he and his wife were consistent members of the Lutheran church. They had six children but only two .are now living, llenry .\1.. the youngest of the famih'. lieing .a resideiU of W;irren, Indi;ma.

Samuel M. M.dlow. of this review, was the fifth in order of birth, lie is indebted to the common school system ()f Xcw Jas- ])cr township fi>r the educatiiHial in-i\ileges which he enjoyed in early youth. At lirsl be attended scIkmjI throughoul all sessions, but in later years, when he was <ild enough to assist in the work of the farm, he jjursued his studies only through the winter months, and when nineten years of age put aside his text books, lie continued on the old fainily -homestead until .Xovember (>, 1 85 I, on which date was celebrated his marriage to Miss .\my H. Adsit, who was of I'jiglis'h lineage. She was born in Dutchess county. Xew \'ork, as were her parents, Hiram and Susan (lUilts) Adsit, the former born June 4. 1807, and the latter on the 19th of .\ugust of the same vear. Their mar- riage was there celeljrated Decemlier 3, 1829, anil in 1833 tliey emigrated westward, ^Irs. Mallow being at that time only ten months old. They first settled in Spring \'alley township but after a short time ]Mr. Adsit purchased alxaU one hundred acres of land, constituting the farm upon which our subject now resides. From this tract he cleared the hea\'v timber and continued the work of imi)r(i\enient and cultivation imtil his death, which occurred September 2. 1847, ^vhen he was forty years of age. His wife long survived him and passed away in 1896 in her ninetieth year. He was buried in the Baptist cemetery of Caesarscreek township and his wife in the cemetery in Xenia. She was a member of the Reformed churdv and by her marriage had become the mother of four children, of whom three are now living: Daniel B., who resides in Warren, Indiana: Silas, of Jamestown, Ohio: and Mrs. Mallow.

After his marriage Samuel ]\I. Mallnw rented land for two years and then witli the money which 'he had acquired through iiis own efforts he purchased his present farm, which has been his home continuouslv since. He has one hundred and si.\ty acres of land which is under a high state of cultivation. He built the dwelling and barns upon the place and has made other substantial improvements, W'bich indicates his progressive spirit and his enterprise. His farm work has been tO' hun a profitable source of income and he certainly deserves great credit for what he has accomplished. The home of Mr. and Mrs. Mallow has been blessed with two children. George Fudge, tlie elder, married Josephine Smith and resides in Xenia township. They have one child. Opal, Susan is the wife of Charles INIcKay. of Clinton countv, and thev have three children, Bernard, Amy C. and Lena M. ^Irs. ]\Iall(iw belotigs to the Reformed church and is a most estimable lady. To the men and measures of the Republican party Mr. Mallow gives his support and has held the office of trustee in Cajcsarscreek township. He has good business ability, is prudent and earnest, and owes his success not to genius but to the due exercise of his own good judgment.

Joseph B. Cummings is one of the distinguished and honored residents of Greene county, having gained prominence in political as well as in business circles. He stands to-day a strong man, strong in his honor and his good name, and his value to the communitv b_\- what he has done in behalf of the county is widely recognized. His birth occurred Alay 31, 1841, on a farm in Caesarscreek townshiji, where he now resides. His father, Thomas B. Cummings. was born in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, February 6, 18 14, and there spent the days of his boyhood and youth, coming to tlie west when twentv-two vcars of age. He engaged in teaching' in his native county in early life, but believing that he would have better business opportunities in the new and growing west he walked from Philadelphia to Pittsburg and then proceeded by boat to Cincinnati, arriving at that place with only fifty cents in his pocket. He then made his way into the interior of the state and formetl the acquaintance of a man who proved to lie Mr. Weaver, of Greene county, and a neighbor of David Marshall, an uncle of ^Ir. Cummings. The latter accompanied Mr. Weaver to Greene countv, and after a few (lays accepted a pusiliun as teacher of a school. He taught alxmt twenty years in Caesarscreek tow nshi]). in tlie meantime liaving purcliased a farm of fifty-five acres, of whicli only ahout two acres liad been cleared, while a loy cabin constituted the only improvement up<jn the place. Mr. Cunimings continuefl clearing his land while engaged in teaching. .\t length he abandoned that profession and l)v industr\- ami perseverance and capable management became the owner of a very valuable farm, e.xtending- its borders from time to time by additional purchases until 1)\- the close nf the war he was the owner of h\e hundred acres of valualile land. He gave a part of this to his children, also sold a portion of it, but at the time of his death retained jjossession of two hundred and forty-two acres. Mr. Cunimings was twice married. He first wedded Mary E. I Joints, who died on the ist of October, iSfii. She was a descendant of the PetersDU family of Caesarscreek township. By that marriage there were eight children : j\Iar\-, who died at the age of sixteen years; Josepli B. : Sarah J., the wife of William Conklin, of Xenia ; James M., who is a resident iif Indiana, and who served in Company A.. Second Ohio Light Artillery in the Civil war ; Thomas Jefferson, who served in Company £, Second Ohio Heavy Artiliery, being on Ship Island during his entire service, and is now deceased; Martha, the wife of Henry C. Long, of Jasper township ; ami Ada, who died at the age of three vears. After the death of his first wife the father was married on the i ith of September, 1862, his second union being with Miss Marv E. McXair, who still survi\-es him and is fixing with John Cummings. The mother of our subject was a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal church, but the father and his second wife belonged to the Reformed church. He served as a justice of the peace and took a very active part in politics, upholding the princi])les of the Re- ])ublican party. His death occurred November 22. 1895, at the age of eighty-one years anil after almost a half-century's residence in Greene county.

Joseph B. Cummings, whose name introduces this review, obtained bis education in the district schools near his home and remained under the parental roof until twenty years of age, when he enlisted at Dayton, Ohio, September 22, 1861, in response to President Lincoli/s call for aid in preserving the Union. He was mustered in on the 28th of the same month as a private of Company E, I'-irst Ohio \'olunteer Infantry, and participated in the battles (if Shiloh, Perry ville. Stone River, Liberty Gap, Chickamauga and nunor engagements. At Chickamauga on the 19th of September, 1863, he was wounded in both hands and the left lun.g. The regiment was in the very thickest of the fight, and, having sustained these injuries, Mr. Cummings was sent to the hospital at Chattanooga and afterward to Nashville, Tennessee. In May he was ordered to AVashington, D. C, and there was made first sergeant of Company H, Nineteenth Regiment of the Veteran Reserve Corps. He was stationed at Rochester, New York, during the famous draft riots in that state, and in that state was honorably discharged October 15, 1864.

Mr. Cummings at once returned to his home and on the 14th of February, 1865, he was united in marriage to Miss Ann Humston, a daughter of H. G. and Elizabeth (Ford) Humston, both of whom are nowdeceased. Three children ha\e graced this marriage ; ]^Iary. born September 26, 1867, is an instructor in Greek and occupies the chair of modern languages in the Tuscuhim College, in Tennessee. She was educated in the Xenia Female Seminary and in Antioch College. Ina, born October 9. 1870, is the deceased wife of T. O. Masoii, of Xenia. and left one son, Joe. Thomas, horn July 26, 1876. married Mamie "S]. Wise, and they reside w ith his father. They lost one child, Marie, but have two sons. Donald and Floyd.

Mr. and ^Irs. Cummings hold membership in the Reformed church, anil he maintains relations with his old army comrades through his membership in Lewis Post, G. A. R. He is also identified with the Union Xational Legion. In politics he is a very prominent Republican and is recognized as a leader of public thought and action in his district. He was elected township clerk, in whicli position he served for six years, was land appraiser and for twelve years was justice of the peace. In 1894 he was chosen to represent his district in the state legislature, where he proved an active working member. He served on a number of important committees, including the committees on county affairs, the military. Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphan Home, and of the last named he was chairman. In 1895 he was re-elected and his course was such as reflected credit upon his constituents, for he labored earnestly and indefatigably for the welfare of tKose whom he represented. His life has been devoted to his family and his friends, his business and to the support of those principles which he believed to be right. His unswerving purpose, his unquestioned fidelity, his unfaltering honesty and his unchanging way ha\e commanded the highest respect of all. He has been a leader in the cause of liberty, of freedom and of progress and his hearty cooperation has ever been given to that which tends to elevate mankind.

James Collixs Galloway

The name Galloway is closely associated witii the history of Xenia and Greene county. The pioneers of the Greene county branch of this family came from Lexington, Kentucky, in 1797, and settleii ujKin the banks of the Little Miami river about four miles north of Xenia, near Old Chillicothe, now Oldtown. This family is of Scotch origin and they are known to have lived in the southwest part of Scotland, in the district composed of W'igton and Kirkcudbright of to-day. During the era of the persecution of the Christians in Scotland they migrated across the Irish sea and settled in County Antrim, Ireland. This is known as the Galloway district and it was from this place that the family of seven l)rothers - George. Samuel, John, \\'iniam, James, Peter and Thomas, - yearning for civil and religious liberty, set sail for the new world. They made a settlement in the province of Pennsylvania early in the eighteenth century near the famous spring of the noted Indian chief Logan, in what is now Cumberland county.

George Galloway, one of these brothers, was born in Scotland about 1700. emigrated to Ireland to avoid religious persecution, conring thence to America and founding a branch of the family in Cumberland county, Pennsvlvania. He marrietl Rebekah Junkin, a native of Scotland, and died August 3, 1783. In their family were five sons and four daughters: \\'illiam. Joseph, John.

Of tliis numljer James Galloway was a Revolutionary soldier and pensioner. He was born ]\Iay i, 1750. and married Rebekah Junkin. wlio was born October 2, 1759. They were residents of Greene county. Ohio, at its organization, having settled near Old Chillicothe(now 01dtown)in 1797. The former died near Xenia. August 6, 183S, and the latter August 31. 1812. their remains being interred in Massies Creek burying ground, fom- miles east of Xenia. In their family w ere eight sons and two daughters : George, James, Joseph. William, Samuel, Andrew, Anthony, John. Rebecca and Ann. Rebecca became the wife (.1 (i^orge Galloway and they were the parents of James Collins Galloway.

George Gallowa\ was born in Cumberland county, Pennsylvania. June 4, 1784, and was the son of Joseph Galloway. His brothers and sisters were John, William. Jane. Isabel. Joseph. Jr.. James, Sojihia. .\nn Eliza. Agnes and Elizabeth. He married Rebecca Galloway, who was born near Lexington. Kentucky. Octoljer 7. 1791, and died I-'ebruary 2^. 1876. at Xenia, Ohio. Her b.usband. George (jalli}way, dietl at the same ]ilace January 29. 1857. Their children were James Collins, Madison, William. Ann, Martha and Eleanor.

James Collins Galloway was Ixirn in Xenia township. Greene county. Ohio. June 30. 18 1 7. He was a man of broad mind and liberal education for the period in which he lived. He was closely associated with the educational interests of the county, and the common school s)stem was materiallv jimmoted throug''h his efforts. He was a strong abolitionist, an earnest Christian and organized the first Sabbath school for freedmen in the county. In politics he was a ^^ big in early life, and when the Republican party Avas fomied to prevent the furtlier extension of sla,very he joined its ranks. In religion he was a Seceder and later a Presbyterian. On the 1 8th of X'ovember. 1841. James Collins Galloway and Mary Ann Kendall were married by Rev. James R. Bonnar. She \\:i- born in Xenia township. ^lav 12, 1822, and was a daughter of William and Eleanor (Jackson) Kendall. Her father was born at Stoney Creek, Kentucky, in 1795. and was a son of Robert and Xancy (A\'ilson) Kendall. Roljert Kendall was born October 12, 1752. and died on the 12th of October, 1843. His wife, who was born in 1770, died Eebruary 18. 1852. Their children were William. John. James, Erancis, ^lilton, Xewtun, Martha, .\nn, Isabel and Xancy. Of this family William Kendall died near Xenia, August 6, 1879. He had married Eleanor Jackson, a daugiiter of Roliert Jackson, a granddaughter of David Jackson and a great-granddaughter of Dr. Joseph Jackson. The last named was born in County Antrim, Ireland, in 1690, and about 1762 emigrated to America, his children having preceded him. Of his large family Hugh, Robert and David were full brother.s, while Andrew, a half brother, was the father of Andrew Jackson, who became president of the United States in 1829. Dr. Jackson died in 1768. His son, David Jackson, was born in Ireland in 1730, was a srildier of the Revolutionary war and lost one of his hands in the battle of Trenton on Christmas day, 1776. He died in 181 r. The third child born unto him and his wife Elizabeth was Robert Jackson, the father of Mrs. ^^'illiam Kendall. He was born at Xewtown, Limavady. County Derry, Ireland, in 1758. He had two brothers and one sister: Hugli. James and Mary. Robert Jackson came to .America \vith his fatlier and liis family in 1762 and in 1786 was married to Elizabeth McCorkle, a beautiful girl and the daughter of a Revolutionary soldier killed in battle. She was born in Scotland and had two brothers, one of whinn was killed in the Revolutionary war and the other was killed by accident. Both Robert and Elizabeth ( McCorkle) Jackson spent their last days in Greene county, Ohio, and were buried in Massies Creek burying ground. He died September 26. 1828. There were two sons and eight daughters in their family : David, Robert, ^Margaret, Jane, Elizabeth. Mary. Rachel, ^lartha, Nancy and Eleanor. Of this family Eleanor Jackson became the wife of William Kendall. She was born in Jefferson county, Ohio, March 15. 1800, and died June 6, 1888, near Xenia. Their children were Robert, Clark, Henry, Mary Ann, Eliza and Caroline. Mary Ann became the wife of James Collins Galloway. He died in Xenia, Ni>vember 28. 1899, and his wife died in the same city. Septanber 10, 1892. They were the parents of four children, all yet living: Clark ]\Iadison, born April 20, 1843; Alethia Ellen. ^^larch 2j. 1846; Rebecca Alice, December 28, 185 1 ; and William Albert, April 8, i860, all born in Xenia township.

Clark Madison Galloway. M. D., A. ]\I., enlisted in Company E, One Hundred and Fifty-fourth Ohio \^olunteer Infantry, for one hundre<l days' service in the spring of 1864, and during that term was in West \'irginia. He afterward re-enlisted in Company G, One Hundred and Eighty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and took part in the battle of X'ashville where Hood's veteran armv was destroved bv General Thomas.

He was present when Johnston surrendered to General Sherman at Raleigh, Xorth Carolina. At the close of the war he was mustered out of service and returned home. His preliminary education had been acquired in the pul)lic sch(X)ls and in i8()f) he continued his education as a student at Xenia College. In 1869 he entered ^Miami University, in which he was graduated in 1871, after which he began teaching, being professor in Greek, Latin and mathematics in Xenia College. For four years he was one of the instructors in that institution and during the summer months he also taught in its summer normals. In 1875 he entered the ^ledical College of Ohio, from which he was graduated in 1877. He then located for the practice of medicine and surgery in Xenia and is now associated with is brother. Dr. W. A. Galloway. He took a special course at Jefferson ^Medical College, Philadelphia, in 1879. He is now and for ten years has been secretary of the Xenia board of United States pension surgeons ; was coroner of Greene county for eight years; a member of the board of education of Xenia for twelve years ; was physician and surgeon to the Ohio Soldiers' and Sailors' Home in Xenia from 1888 until 1891 ; and is assistant surgeon of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railroad Compau}- : was a member of the board of health for two years : and for a similar jieriod represented the first ward in the city council of Xenia. In 189 1-2 he was medical director of the Department of Ohio, Grand Army of the Republic, and is a member of Lewis Post, Xo. 347, G. A. R., and Xathaniel Greene Chapter, S. A. R. In religious faith he is a Presbyterian anil in political belief a Republican. Fraternally he is connected with the Masonic Lodge of Xenia, X^o. 49, and in the line of his profes-

Alethia Ellen Galloway is a graduate of and received her degree of M. E. L. from Xenia College in 1864. In the same year she was married by the Rev. R. D. Harper, D. D., to William J. Parrett, of Lyndon, Ross county, Ohio. They have two children living: Carrie Dell, \\lv> was educated in Wooster University ; and Clark Sherman, who Avas graduated in the same institution in 1897 and was married January 23, 1902, in Springfield, Ohio, to Sylvia Jones.

Rel>ecca Alice Galloway is a graduate of Xenia College of the class of 1873, at which time the degree of M. L. L. was conferred ujxDn her. She taught lor one year in the Osborn public schools: Iv^o years in Xenia College: attended Antioch College for one year: taught for two ye;irs in the public schools of Yellow Springs; and from 1888 to 1896 in the public schools of Xenia. She is a past regent of Catharine Greene Cha])tcr, 1). .\. R. : a member of the Woman's Club of Xenia : is Ohio Federation secretary of the General Federation of Woman's Clubs; and a member of the Xenia Library Association. On the 6th of February. 1896, she became the wife of Henry Harrison Eavey, the marriage being performed by Rev. J. C. Eh".

William Albert Galloway, B. S.. '\L D., was educated in Antioch College, being graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Science. On his gratluation from the Medical College of Ohio, in ?»Iarch, 1890, he became associated w'ith his brot'ner. Dr. Clark M. Galloway, and has practiced continuously to this date. He was married April 2, 1891. in X'ewark, Ohio, by Rev. E. B. Jones, to Maude Evelyn, only tlaughter of \\'illiani C. and Evelyn ( Spitzer) Lyon. Her father was lieutenant governor of Oh'ui from 1888 to 1890. Three children ha\e been born to th0m : Evelyn Helen, torn February 8, 1893; William Lyon, born March 29, 1895; and Elizabeth Mary, born May 21, 1902. Dr. \\'. A. Galloway was apoointed a member of the State Xormal and Industrial lx)ard of trustees at \\'ilberforce Uni\ersity by Governor Bushnell in 1896, and has been president of the board continuously since. He belongs to Xenia Lodge, Xo. 49, F. & A. M. ; is corresponding secretary of X'^athaniel Greene Chapter, S. A. R. ; vice president of the Ohio Society, S. A. R. : and in his church relations is a Presbyterian. From 1899 to 1902 he was physician to the Greene County Infirmary and Children's Home; is surgeon to the Cincinnati, Haanilton & Dayton Railroad ; is a member of the Greene County, Ohio State and Mississippi Valley Medical Associations: and is a frequent contributor to medical and other journals.

Otto A. Wilsox

Otto A. Wilson, who is now living in Fairfield, is well known in Democratic circles in Greene county, taking a deep and active interest in everything pertaining to the welfare and upbuilding of his party. He is now serving in the position of township clerk. He was born in the village of Fairfield, August 7, 1867, and is a son of William W. and Sarah ( Greiner) Wilson. His paternal grandfather, William Henry Wilson, was a native of Ireland and emigrated with his family to the new world, after which he served as ensign of the Fifth Company of the Seventyfourth Regiment of the Militia of Pennsvl- vania. being appointed to the position in 1811, the commission being signed by Governor SinK.in Snvder. This document ^is still in the possession of our subject. Mr. Wilson also has a commission in his possession signed by President James Monroe, ap- ])ointing \\'illiani 11. \\'ilson as the first surveyor of Clark county, Ohio. In 1816 the grandfather purchased a tract of land bordering for one hundred feet on Market street, in Springfield, Ohio, and this was in possession of the family for over eighty years, l)eing- sold but a short time ago. He died while vet a \iiung man. passing away in 1823. His remains were interred in Springfield. Ohio, but later were transferred to the family lot in Fairfield. He was the father of three children: Mrs. Emily Smith, who died in Fairfield in 1889: Catherine, who became Mrs. Bressler, of Fairfield, and died in Jul}-, 1890: and ^^'illiam \\'., the father of our subject. The mother of these children passed away in 1868.

William W. Wilson was born in Springfield, Ohio, July 20. 1823, and pursued his educatiim in the public schools there until he was twehe years of age, when he went to Bath township, Greene county, to live with .\rthur Johnson, and in that locality he completed his education. In 1846 lie began to learn the cal)inet-maker's trade, in Dayton. Ohio. He wi.>uld walk to Dayton on Monda\' morning and return on Saturday evening, making the journey on foot each way. a distance of fifteen miles. After he had com])letcd his trade he returned to Fairfield, where he opened an undertaking establishment and cabinet shop, continuing business along those lines until the close of the Civil war. He then entered into partnership with D. K. Wnlf. under the firm name of Wilson & Wolf, and t)pened a general store in Fairfield, but the partnership continued only a short time, Mr. \\'ilson becoming sole owner of the business which he conducted successfully until a few years p.rior to his death, when on account of ill health he S(.ild out. He started in life with nn capital and b\' hard, earnest, honest work he accumulated considerable property and became a wealthy man. At the time of his death he owned a house and kit in Fairfield, where he lived, a farm in Bath township, (ireeue county, another farm in Clark count v and a business block and a house and li)t in Springfield, Ohio, all having been acquired from his own earnest exertions. In politics he was a lifelong Democrat, ami served as township trustee for a number lA years, while for a few years he was justice of the peace, proving a capable and efiicient ofificer. His wife was a niember of the ]\Ieth(jdist Episcopal church, and he was a regular attendant upon its services until his health failed. Mrs. Wilson was ill for al:)out eighteen months ]irior to her death. Dm"iug the last six months she was unalile to Iea\'e her bed. She passed away November ^1, 1901, at the age of sixty-seven years, and was laid to rest b\ ihe side of her husband in Fairfield cemctcrw L'nto Mr. and I\Irs. Wilson were born two children, the daughter being Cornelia, the wife of F. D. Johnson, a resident of Chexenne. Wyoming, in the L'nited States mail service. .

(Hto A. Wilson, of this re\'iew. i)ursued his education in the schools of Fairfield and accp-iired a tcac'.ier"s certificate, ])ut ne\-er engaged in teaching. He always li\-ed w ith his father and assisted him in his work and after his father's liealth failed assumed the management of the Inisiness. He is. however, a painter l)y trade and followed that pursuit for a number of years, working in

On the 27th of Septeml>er, 1894, Mv. Wilsoti was united in niai ria<^e to Miss Cora Miller, a native of Bath township, and a daughter of Jacob and Catherine Miller. In liis political views Mr. Wilson is a stanch Danocrat, and in 1895 was elected on that ticket to the office of township clerk, in which capacity he is still serving. During the cani|)aign f)f 1896 and those succeeding he has been a member of the central and executive committees, and has served as clerk of both committees. Me has also for several times been a delegate to the county and state conNciuions and is unswerving in his allegiance to the party. Mis wife is a member of tlie {-Reformed church, while he belongs to the Methmlist Episcopal church. They ha\e one of the finest hoiucs in Fairfield. It is heated by hot water, is modern in every respect and was built in an attractive style of architecture, Mr. Wilson himself draw ing the plans for the place. He also owns a fami of one hundred and sixt;- five acres of \'er\- \aluab!e land in Piath township and this brings to him a good rental, adding materially to his income. Mr. Wilson has sjient his entire life in this locality and is widely known as a gentleman of genuine worth, of reliabilit\- in business and one whose genial manner and social disjxjsition has gained him many friends.

John R. Smith

A farm of one hundred and fifty acres situated in Sugarcreek township is the property of John Riley Smith, a well know'o agriculturist of Greene county, who throughout his entire life has engaged in the tilling of the soil in this iX)rtion of the state. His birth occurred about four miles froiu Xenia on his father's farm on the C'okmibus ]iike at what is called East Point, in a st(jne house wliicb is still occupied as a residence. His natal day was November 18, 1839, and he is a son of John G. and Sophronia (?kIcFarland) Smith. The father w:is liorn in Hagerstown, Maryland, and when only two years old was brought by his parents to Ohii"). the family making the journey 011 horseback and bringing with them their farming utensils. Mr. Smith was born on Christmas day in 18 10 and the year 1812 witnessed their emigration westward. The family settled at Cedarville but at a later date returned to Maryland. When two years had passed, however, they came once more to Ohio. The grandfather, Jonathan Smith, owned a small farm of ten acres on which he made his home until his death, which occurred about 1845 when our subject was six \ears of age. His wife, Mrs. Barbara Smith, lived to a verv advanced age. John G. Smith, the father of our subject, spent the greater part of his youth in this county amid its frontier surroundings and scenes and assisted in the arduous task of developing a new farm., .\fter arriving at years of maturity be married Sophronia McFarland. who was born in this county, her parents being Arthur and Martha (Claypool) McFarland. The young couple then began their domestic life u])on a farm whicb Mr. Smith rented. They became the parents of nine children, of whom our subject was the third in order of birth. Four of the number are still living, the others being Jonathan M., George McHenry and Howard Scott, all residents of ^ladison

Only very hmited educational privileges did John R. Smith receive on account of ill health. He remained at home until about twenty-two years of age and then began to earn his own livelihood. For two years he rented land and in 1880 he purchased his present farm, comprising about one hundred and fifty acres. This he has improved with modern equipments and accessories and its neat and thrifty appearance indicates to the passerby the enterprise and progressiveness of the owner.

On the 1st of February, 1877, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Smith and Miss Henrietta Maria Bonner, who was born in Xenia township. Greene county. ]\Iarch i, 1840, a daughter of Stith and Maria (Mercer) Bonner. Her father was born in Dinwiddle county, Virginia, in 1791, and the mother in Hamilton county, in 1800. Both had come to Greene county m childhood and were here married. The paternal grandfather. Frederick Bonner, arrived here in 1803 before the admission of the state into the Union. He purchased a large tract of land just south of Xenia where the Orphans' Flome now stands. One of his grandsons, William F. Pelham. donated twenty-five acres of this land to the Soldiers' Home. The maternal grandfather of Mrs. Smith was Edward Mercer, who built the first brick house ever erected in Greene county. It stood on the farm owned by Robert Mcndenhall. Mrs. Smith began her education in a log school-house and later spent a year and a half as a student in the Xenia Seminary. By her marriage she has become the motiier of one son, Jesse Clyde, who was born on the borne farm, ^Nlarch 9, 1880. Both Mr. and Mrs. Smith are members of the ]^Iethodist Episcopal congregation at Gladys Chapel, and since casting his first presidential vote for Lincoln in 1864 Mr. Smith has been a Republican. Since 1866 be has been identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Xenia. and his life exemplifies the beneficent spirit of that fraternity which is based upon mutual helpfulness.

James E. Galloway

There is particular satisfaction in reverting to the life history of the honored and venerable gentleman whose name initiates this review, since his mind bears the impress of the historic annals of the state of Ohio from the early pioneer days, and from the fact that he has been a loyal son of the republic and has attained to a positit)n of distinctive prominence in the thriving little city where he was born and where he has maintained his residence during the greater part of his life, being one of the revered patriarchs of the community. He. however, spent a qaurter of a century upon the Pacific coast during the most interesting epoch in its history, - that followine- the discovery of gold in California. Xo family has been more closely or honorably connected with Greene county than the Galloway family, which, through more than a century, has l)een identified with the imprdvenient. progress and upbuilding of this portion of the state.

James E. Gallnway was horn in what is now the \er\- heart of Xenia, January 3, 1825. His father, James Galloway, came to this county in 1797, being one of the first settlers to establish a home liere. Ohio then formed a part of the Xorthwcstern Territory anil had not vet been admitted to the union of tlie new republic. The graiulfatlier was horn in Cuml^erland count)-, Pennsylvania, and was of Scotcli-Irisli descent, his ancestors liavins^- come to this countr}- from the nortli of tlie Emerald Isle. He loyally served as a soldier under General Washington in the Revolutionary war. lie was an expert shot and was designated to engage in hunting in order to supply the regiment with meat. He served for several years, participating in many battles, vet was never wounded. Emigrating westward to establish a home uix:)n what was then the frontier, he first took up his abnde in Kentucky and participated in the battle at Blue Lick. In 1797 became to Greene county, and was probably the must influential resident of the county at an early date. Ele served as the first county treasurer, and his influence was most marked in laying the foundation for the future development and prosperity of this portion of Ohio. He became a prosperous agriculturist and remained a resident of Xenia townshi]) until his death, which occurred in 1838, when he was eighty-eight years of age.

The father of our subject also bore the name of James Galloway. He was burn in Louisville, Kentucky, and after arriving at years of maturity married Martha Townsley, a native of Cumberland county, Penngvlvania. They became the parents of ten children, but our subject is now the only surviving member of the family. Further mention is made of the parents in the historical section of this volume.

James E. Galloway, whose name introduces this record, acquired his early education in Xenia in a private school taught by Thomas Steele. He afterward jjursued a classical course in a school taught Ijy the

Rev. Hugh ]\IcMi]lan. a miinster of the Covenanter church, who was \-er_\' thorough in his methods of instruction, and in addition to the common branches of learning taught the languages. Later Mr. Galloway entered ^liami University at Oxford, Ohio, where he was graduated in 1844, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. On completing his education he went to St. I>ouis, Missouri, where he secured a clerkship in a wholesale dry-goods house, serving in that capacitv for five years, but the discovery of gold in Califronia changed his plans and in the spring of 1849 he started for the El Dorado of the west, going up the Missouri river to St. Joseph, whence he drove a six-mule team across the plains. At first there were five wagons and seven men in the train, but later the strength of the jiarty was augmented until there were eighteen men, who traveled together for protection. The original party of se\en had purchased a stock of goods which they intended to take to California, but at Salt Lake City their mules gave out and so they auctioned off their goods until they had but a small remnant left. That they sold to Bishop Hyde, taking notes payable in three or four months. Mr. Galloway and another man called on Brigham Young with the notes and sold them to him with a thirty per cent discount. At that time most of the Mormons were living in wagons, for they had not yet built homes in the city afterward to become famous as a Mormon stronghold. At this place 'My. Gallowav saw California gold for the first ime. He took in payment a fivedollar gold piece which the Mormons had minted, worth about four dollars and a (|uarter. After four months of travel across the hot sandy stretches and through mountain passes he and iiis party arrived in California on the 14th of September. 1849. While en ronte they had seen Indians se\'eral times. Inn were not molested save at Grand Island, where the red men stole a mnle from the jjartv. There were over a thonsand Sionx Indians who passed their camp on iheir way Ijack from a light with the Pawnees.

After arriving in California Mr. Galloway and another man opened an auction house in Sacramento, there ccmdncting business for two years, selling sometimes in twenty or thirtv minutes several thousand dollars" worth of horses, mules and oxen. Thev did a general auction business at Sacramento, which place was then called Suter's Fort. After two \ears IMr. Galloway went to Marysville. where he remained for ten years, establishing a wholesale grocery and general mercantile business, selling to the mountain merchants who had their places of business on the streams, where mining camps had been established. In i860, however, our subject sold his store and went to San Francisco, where for a number of years he engaged in the brokerage business, handling mining stocks of all kinds. He continued this until 1866. when, after seventeen years' residence in California, he went to Montana, making his wa_\- in June of that year by steamship to Portland, Oregon, whence he proceeded itp the Columbia ri\er to ^^'alla Walla. \\'ashington. and from there proceeded across the mountains with three others on pack horses and mules, carrying provisions, and crossingtwo spurs of the Rocky Mountains. After about a month's travel he arrived in Montana. Landing at Bear Town, then a mining cam]). \Mien he had been in the territory about three months he was nominated for the legislature and although not eligible to run, a lawyer there told him to go ahead, as the only copy of the organic act in the territorv was in the pocket of a judge one hundred and fifty miles away. Mr. Galloway was nominated by the "self-risers," as the old Californians were known, and his opponent was a "tenderfoot." Mr. Galloway ran far aliead of his ticket and was elected. While traveling to the convention, fifty miles away, he stopped at a house for supper and was told that he might stay all night, but for two years he had not slept in a bed and, instead of accepting the oiYer, he and his companion went out d(jors and slept on a straw stack.