Reed Township

Reed Township

'I'^HIS division of the county was sm-veyed into one-foui-th sections by Prict^ JL J. Kellogg in 1820, and recorded by him as Town 2 north. Range 17 east, and 85x17 chains of the gore separating the township fi'om the Western Resei"ve. This gore resulted from the fact that when Surveyor Sylvanus Bourne began his survey of ceded lands in Ohio west of the Western Reserve, he adopted the system of six square mOes for his townships and ranges; so that when he staked the east line of Range 17 on the line of latitude north 41°, he found himself exactly Hfty-two chains and seven links distant from the west line of the reserve. This he called ''the Gore," being the given distance on latitude north 41 and zero, eighteen miles north of that, where the extreme northeastern corner line of Thompson Township strikes the west line of the Western Reserve or the " Connecticut Reserve," or the " Fire Lands," as the tract was variously termed.

The township was known generally under its survey number; but old settlers in Seneca and Huron knew it as " Seneca Town," as there the chief, Seneca John, had a cabin and resided at intervals. The historian who wrote for Stewart's publication in 1874. says:

' ' During the early period of the settlement of the township the Indians were veiy numerous, and, as a general thing, lived amicably with the few whites who were there at an early day. Somewhere about the year when the first settlement was made an accident of a fatal character happened to an Indian maiden, a daughter of the renowned chief and warrior Seneca John. The Indians made frequent visits to the neighborhood of the present village of Reedtown each winter, for the piuposes of hunting and trapping. On one of these occasions a party was encamped here, and was preparing an evening meal. A large kettle full of boiling water was hanging, suspended by a pole, over the fire, and the unfortunate girl was Ij'iug in front of it, when the pole burned through, letting the kettle fall, spilling its heated contents upon the body of the girl. Some of those present immediately enveloped her in a blanket and conducted her to a house near by, where she was attended by Dr. Williams, who did everything in his power to alleviate her teiTible sufferings. On removing the blanket, the flesh literally clung to it, leaving her almost a living skeleton. Soon, however, death put an end to her sufferings. After her death William Williams made a handsled, and a number of the Indian boys, followed by a mournful cortege, conveyed the remains to the burying grovmd of the Wyandot nation, located a little above Tiffin. Seneca John, who was a Wyandot, was subsequently assassinated, on an accusation of witchcraft." (F«c?e Indian History. )

When Read and Raymond made the first settlements in 1823, the name "Read Town" came into use; and on the organization of the township in 1826, the name was confirmed in an Americanized form - "Reed Township." Four years after organization and seven years after the first pioneers arrived, the population was 264; in 1840 it was 1,214; in 1850, 1,494; in 1860, 1,631, decreased in 1870 to 1,334, increased in 1880 to 1,527, at which figures the population may be said to rost. The exodus to Kansas ami the movement toward the cities tend to keep the number of inhabitants at aliont l.r)00. The surface of the townshij) pro>sonts a large area of rolling land, with occasional broken patches. The slope is fi\)m the south trending east and west.

Rock C'reek, which flows into the Sandusky Eiver at Tiffin, has its head waters in Si'ctious l(i. 21), 80 and 88 in the townshi|). iho fork on 83 risin» south of the railroad, and receiving its main supply from two small lakes iu Sections 88 and 28 on the Lapham farm. On the southwest (juaiier of Section 18, the stream enters Beeghley Lake and flows through that pond to the west line of the township. Some of the bed-streams of the Huron River find a supply in the marsh near Attica Station and on Sections 1. 15 and 20. flowing east and northeast from the base of the ridg(> or highland in the south and center of the township. Ponds are common throughout the western sections, and these ponds are sometimes connected by native streams.

The only line of railway passing through Reed Township is the Baltimore & Ohio, which enters at the southeast corner of Section 80, takes a west by north direction through the township, i^assing en routf through Attica Station Village, and leaves at the southwest (juarter of Section 80.

Organic and Official. - A reference to the chapter on the organization of the counties and transactions of the commissioner' s board will convey very fully the early attachments of this township, prior to its organization within the limits of the original siuwey and fi'actional part of the "Gore."' On December 5, 182(), the township was set off', and its organization followed on Januaiy 1, 1827. All the first settlers, Seth Read, George Raymond, Samtiel, John and Edward Cassety, Tunis Conkrite, Isaac and Tom Bennett, Samuel Scothorn, and, it is thought, John Wise, were the first township officers. Thomas Bennett and Samuel Scothorn, justices, and Nathan Chapman, clerk.* The records from 1827 to 1833 are not to be found. The town books, however, from 1834 to 1885 are in existence, and from them the following list of township officials is made up, the last named in each case being the clerk, the others the tnistees:

* Leonard Hoice and Elijah Read were elected juslices in IWO, Cyrus Cole and Elijah Read in 1833. Joh» W. Buciiauan was elected clerk in 18-<0, and L. M. Knapp, In 1833.

1853. - (no record of eloction to he fouiidl: ^A'. H. C'ouki'itp. 1854. - James Sourwine, Thomas Williams; "W". H. Conkrite. 1855. - L. Kelly. Timothy Weed: Daniel Biince.

1850. -A. M. Creqne, James SoiU'wine, Thomas AVilliams: H. B. Dean. 1857. - A. M. Creque, Jonathan Owen. John Wilkinson; H. B. Dean. 1858. - J. W. Hulet. James Sanford, John Wilkinson: John W. Leonard. 1859. - John Free, Thomas Soward, William Silcox: John ^^'. Leonard. 1860. - Daniel Neikirk. J. Zephernick, William SOcox: Milton Dwyer. 1861. - (no record of elections to be found): J. W. Leonard. 1862. - (no record of elections to be found): H. B. Dean. 1803. - (no record of elections to be found): W. Hatton. 1864. -A. C. Baker. Thomas Williams. Joseph Cole: Wesley Hatton. 1865. - A. C. Baker. D. J. Neikirk, Joseph Cole: Wesley Hatton. 1866. - J. W. Hall, D. J. Neiku-k, Joseph Cole: Wesley Hatton. 1867. - J. W. Hall, Heniy Hatha\yay, Antliew Boyd: AVesIey Hatton. 1868. - Jacob Raymond, Heniy Hathaway, John Free; J. F. Montgomery. 1869. - H. C. Lynch. Henry Hathaway. Jacoli Eaymond; Wesley Hatton. 1870. - John Free, James Soiu'wine. Sylyester Cooyert; AN'esley Hatton. 1871. - W. H. Free. Jacob Piaymond, A. J. Mittower; Wesley" Hatton. 1872. - W. H. Free, Jacob Raymond. A. J. iNIittower: J. H. Hodge. 1873. - N. Lapham, D. Hubbell, M. Beard: Wesley Hatton.

The elections of 1885 resulted in the choice of the following named officers: Tmstees, Byron Shetterly, Republican: Jacob Hoke and Heniy Cook, Democrats; treasurer, John Everingim. Democrat: clerk. John R. Jewett, Democrat; assessor, James Decker. Democrat: constables, Chauncy Decker and Isaac Houck, Democrats: S. J. Hall, Republican; justice, H. Taber. Republican. The Prohibitionists polled eighteen votes.

Pioneers and Pioneer Eivnts. - The names given on the list of township officials fi-om 18'27 to 1845 may be classed among the pioneers of the township. There were many others who settled here prior to 1845, who never sought office, but like one of Goldsmith's citizens of Auburn pursued the even tenor of theu- ways, and leaned more to humble industry than to fame. All the tirst actual settlers of Keed Township have passed to their reward: but of the munber who came here immediately after the township's organization, a few are still residents. In the following pages mention is made of the pioneers of the township, the dates of their arrival are given, and, in some instances, hisiiirical incidents connected with them are noted.

Seth Kead asid ( Jeorge Raymond settled on Section 24, Reed Township, in 182:5,* being the first white settlers. Mrs. Solomon (Read) Gambee was the tirst white girl in the township, coming with her father, Seth Read, in 1823.

John Ackley. who bought Knapji's store at Reedtown, was killed by a falling beam, whil(> assisting in raising a barn for Harrison Cole in 1835 .... George Armstrong, a native of Ohio, settled in the county in 1834. . . .William Auble and wife. Mary E. (Fisher) Auble, came from New York State to tins township early in the ' ' thirties. "

Azariah Baker, a son of ^\illiam Baker, who ])atented 1, (>()() acres of land in this townshii>. in 1830 or 1831. settled here in the fall of 1840 and died in 1872. . . .^lichael Beard, born in JIarylandin 1810, came to this town.ship about 1833, and died here in 1882: his widowed mother and John Terry were the founders of the ^^llage of Lodi in 1838; Michael Beard built what is luiown as the "Lodi Hotel"' at an early day. . . .Isaac and Thomas Bennett settled here in 1825; they owned the land around the Baptist Cemetery. Thomas was buried there a few years later .... Moses Bishop came from New Jersey in 1 83') .... James Bolin. born in this township in 1835, is a son of one of the early residents; to him is credited the first practical effort in bee cidtui'e in the comity : a notice of him, published in 1S74, refers to his apiaiy as follows: "In 18()7, Mr. Bolin turned his attention to experimental apiarian pursuits, which, from an experiment, has since developed into a large and thriving business. Starting with one swarm, by industrious attention and a scientific knowledge of the process of raising bees, his one colony has been increased to 125 distinct and separate swarms. He has been particularly anxious to procure the best breed of bees, and has consequently imported several of the genuine Italian queens. Besides producing an average of two tons of honey per annum, he mails to any addi-ess one or more of his fii'st-class Italian breeders. Mr. Bolin has quite an ingenious house erected for the purjjose of wintering his bi»es. It consists of a square structure, the walls of which are built in such a manner as to admit of a foot or more of sawdust both between the sides and under the floor. This makes it perfectly impregnable to the winter cold." . . . .Henry Boyd, a Pennsylvanian, settled here in 1833 ... .Valentine Brigle, who died in 1875, settled here prior to 1834; his widow, Mary (Fike) Brigle. resides with her daughter in Bloom Township.

Squire Reuben I. Cary, born in New York State in 1805, came to a new farm in the southwest part of Reed Township in 1833. where ho lived nineteen years, then moved to his present farm .... Samuel and John Cassety, old settlers of Reed Township, coming with their parents in 1S25. were robbed of $12,000, about 18()S. John Cassety is dec<>ased. . . .Edward and Susanna (Mc- Farland) Cassety. who were married in ISOl, and were j)arents of Samuel and Hannah Cassety (their only surviving children, born in 1805 and 1819, respectively), came to this township in the spring of 1825, being the "third family to settle in Keed Township .... Ephraim and Christina Close, parents of Mrs. Coni'ad Hensinger, who was born in 1839, in Pennsylvania, were early settlers in the county. . . .Harrison Cole came from New York State in 1833; in raising his barn John Ackley was killed by falling timber .... Benjamin and Joseph Cole, natives of Ohio, were here in 1S32 . . . . Al\-in Cooley, father of Mrs. Alonzo Thatcher, was among the early settlers .... John Cook kept a toll-gate on the Sandusky & Columbus Pike road, about where Reedtown now stands. .... Tunis Conki'ite was the first of the pioneers biuied in the township ; he died a short time after settlement, and was intened on his own land, about onefourth of a mile east of Omar biu'ial ground .... William Croxton, an Ohioan, settled here in 1830.

Solomon Gambee, born in 1802 in Pennsylvania, came from New York State to Reod Township in 1S33, bringing his family. His second wife {nee Mary A. Read) was the first white girl to move into this township, settling here in 18'23 with Seth Read, her father .... Dr. I. T. Gilbert, an old resident of Reed Township, moved to Williams County, Ohio, where, diu-ing the smallpox epidemic, he was placed in charge of all the patients. He died some years

S. J. Hall, a native of Ohio, settled here in 1851 .... Caj)t. Hanford,. who died in 1855, was among the early settlers. He was a jovial citizen and very impulsive, and for over a quarter of a century figured among the pioneers of Read Township. Apoplexy took him off suddenly .... Edward Hanford was the tavern-keeper at CatlinvLlle, a merry, luxiu'ious, lugubrious soul, who fell a victim to dropsy .... James Hanford passed a term of ten years within the "Tamaracks," at Jackson, Mich., and was otherwise a "hard I'itizen." . . . .Peter Hawl)lits, born in Germany in 1821), was an early settler here. In 1857 he mariied Maiy Ann Briggle, who was born here in 1834; in here in 1835 .... James Harrison died here some years ago .... John and Catharine (Garman) Hensinger, natives of Pennsylvania, parents of Conrad Hensinger (who was born in Adams Township in 1837), were early settlers.

Rev. John R. and Julia (Richards) Jewett, parents of John R. Jewett (who was born at Melmore, this county, in 1844), camo from Connecticut to Ohio in 1835, and to this county in 1844.

Benjamin Kelly, born in New Jersey in 1793, settled in Reed Township in 1834, and died here in April, 18')3. He was a soldier of the war of 1812. The family, in 1834, consisted of six boys and two girls and his wife {nee Mehetabel) Travis, a native of Tioga County, Penn. The}- settled on the east half of the northwest quarter of Section 1 , on lands patented to one Davis, a and Siu'cali (.Weavor) Michener, natives of Pennsylvania, fi'om TiiscarawaR County. Ohio, in 1S85 .... Andi-ew Mittowor, father of Samuel Mittower, the latter born in 1818 in Pennsylvania, came from New York State to Reed Town- Mhip in 1833, and entered land in Section 7. He died in 1843. . . .John and Elizabeth (Spangler) Mittower. parents of A. J. Mittower (who was born near the east line of Scipio Township), came to this county in 1824. He died in 1874; his widow still resides here. . . . J. C. Moore, a native of Ohio, ca;ne in 1840....F. M. Murphy, an Ohioan, settled here in 1847 . . . .Orrin Mundy eame in 1840, fi-om New York State.

Samuel and Polly (Ford) Nye, the fcjrmer a native of Vermont, parents of (ieorge W. Nye (who was born in New York State in 1827), came with their family to this county in 1833.

George and Hannah (Reed) Raymond, foi-mer born in 1780, the latter in 1785. parents of Jacob Raymond (who was one of the triplets - Abraham. Isaac and Jacob - born in 1826), came here in 1823. Their parents and the Seth Read family were the lirst two families to settle in Reed Township. George Raymond died in 185(3; Abraham Raymond died in 1860; Isaac and Jacob reside here . . . . H. B. Rakestraw, a native of Ohio, settled here in 1842. .. .Elijah Read, a native of Steuben County, N. Y., born in 1792, father of Henry Read, also a native of Steuben County, born in 1820, was one of the first settlers of Reed Township. He married, in 1816,

P. Resse(jue. who settled in Reed Township in 1843. died in 1855, and was bm'ied in the old cemetery at Omar. He was the son of a French officer who served in the Revolution, and was himself a gallant soldier of the war of 1812. ....William and Luceba (Blodgett) Rice, parents of John Rice, of Bloom Township (who was born in New Y''ork State in 1823). settled here in 1829.

Andrew Sanford came to this county in 1830, and entered his present home in this township, receiving his patent from Gov. McArthiu" John Sanford, his elder brother, settled in this county in 1 827 .... Samuel Scothorn is said to have settled in Reed Township, between 1821 and 1825, but this is a mistake, as Raymond and Read, the two first settlers, came in 1823, and the Cassety family was the third family to settle here, early in 1825, the same year Scothorn came .... John Schuyler, father of Prof. Schuyler, came to Reed Township at an early date .... Andrew Shetterly, father of M. D. Shetterly (who was born in 1830 in New York State), came to this county about 1847 and purchased land in the center of Reed Township; then in 1850 he .settled with his family near Lodi, where he died in 1875, his widow in 1878.... William Silcox. a native of New York settled here in 1835. . . .Huckens and Nancy (Bighani) Spencer (former born in Vermont in 1808, died in 1853; latter born in Ireland, in 1809. died in 1854), parents of Samuel Spencer (who was born in Venice Township, in 1842), were early settlers in this county.

Alonzo Thatcher, born near Toledo, in 1846, came to Seneca County in early lif(>. . . .Christina (Scothorn) Tompkins, mother of Ira H. Tompkins, of Tiffin, and daughter of Samuel Scothorn, of pioneer Virginia stock, came to Reed Township fi-om Fairfield County. Ohio, in 1823; she and her sister Ann were the first white children in this township.

Willard Whitney, one of the early store-keepers here, moved to Michigan within the pioneer period and died thereat the age of eighty-five years; during the last ten years of bis life he was completely blind .... John Wilkinson came from Massachusetts in 1830.... B. D. Williams, M. D.. whose father settled near the eastern line of Reed Township in IS'21. came to Reedtown, in 1835, and opened his office there. During the cholera visitation in 1834. a son of one of the immigrants, en route westward, was stricken with the disease at Reedsbiu'g and died the same night, notwithstanding the efforts of Dr. Williams to save his life: the Doctor died about three years ago.... Dr. Amos Witter came with his family to Reed Township at an early date : shortly after ward his wife died here, and he left the county for ever. . . .Jonathan Witter settled in Reed Township in 1827 .... John Wise came to this comity in 1827, originally from Germany, and built one mile and a half of the Sanduskjand Columbus road, in Reed Township; he died in 1834: Jacob Wise, his son, now a retired farmer in Venice Township, was born in 1819 in Pennsylvania .... Solomon Wise, father of Mrs. J. A. RajTnond. was one of the early settlers of Reed Township.

The greater number of the pioneers who have been just noticed were successful in the mission of their lives and left to their followers a rich inheritance. To them a great deal of the present worth of the township is due, but all progress must not be credited to them. They lived, as it were, in a past age, years before the present era of progress set in, so that no matter how contimious, arduous and extensive theii' labors were, they could not bring the township to its present standard without the aid of modern men and modern ideas. The new settlers, the men and women who came here since 1854. have improved on pioneer ways, manners and, in some res]iects, customs.

Loch was surveyed by James Durbin for John Terry and Catherine Beard, January 4, 1838, on Sections 5 and (j, on the survey of the old railroad, and called ' 'M'est Lodi. " The first postoffice was established about this time with Lyman White, postmaster, who served in this office for years. Hiram Hippler is the present incumbent. The location proved fortunate, as Lodi was not content to remain a town on paper, biit rose to some importance. The bu.siness interests of the village are represented as follows : James Bolin. general store: A. C. Boyer, R. Frederick, saloons : John Hensinger, saw-mill; Timothy Hippler. blacksmith : Kern & Son, mill proprietors ; Jacob Windnagle, miller; A. Marstellar, harness-maker: Frank Miller, blacksmith; Van Horn & Co., general store. There is a hotel also at this point. Dr. Robert P. Frazer was the first resident physician ; Dr. A. D. Oi-wig is located here. A neat church building and schoolhouse find a place in this busy little hamlet. Jjodi Lodge No. 493, I. O. O. F. was organized August 22, 1871.

Reedtoicn, a few miles northeast of Omar, was platted as Catlinville by I. Catlin. but the plat was never recorded. The location is on the Sandusky and Columbus road, just south of the old Catholic mission. When the road was cut through this place a man named Cook was placed in charge of the tollgate and the locality was known as ' 'Cook' s Gate. " ' Kelly, Lorin, Knapp and Ackley kept store, successively, in this vicinity, and diu-ing the mercantile careers of each, here, the place was given the name of the storekeeper. Edward Hanford's hotel was an institution here certainly as early as 1834. Dr. B. D. Williams opened an office here in 1835. William Knapp was the first postmaster, cice Thomas Bennett who refused the office. The present

Tvirii of Omar was surveyed in August. 1854, by M. Schuyler, for A. S. and A. L. Bennett, on the Columbus and Sandusky roa<l. Beyond the store and postofBce. conducted by J. R. Jewett, and the Methodist and Baptist Churches located here, there is nothing about the place to entitle it to the name of " Town of Omar.'" The suiTounding country is rich in everything that contributes to agricultiu'al wealth, and the location is healthy. A society known as "Reed's Rangers" was organized in this neighborhood in May,. 1 88."), for the purpose of protection against horse thieves. James Ford was elected ])resident; J. L. Lake, vice-president: J. H. Hodge, secretary, and Anson Covert, treasiu'er.

Detroit, known to the postotfice department as Siam and to raih'oad men as Attica Station, was sui-veyed by E. C. Cook in July. 1875, for the following resident owners: John \\'ise, AN'illiam Boyd. Edwin Bernard (since deceased), AV. B. Reynolds (also deceased). Jacob Ringle (in Attica), James Soui-wine, O. Sourwine (in Kansas), L. Labounty.H. Cole. B. F. Sanford and S. A. Berdge. When the jmstoffice was established here the name was changed to " Siam," and when the railroad company built a depot here, at the solicitation of the people of Attica, they called it '-Attica Station." In June, 1884. an addition to Siam was surveyed by Dennis Maloy for Hany Gray.

This new settlement gives promise of forming a part of the town of Attica in the near futmv. Already a number of pleasant homes and many beautiful residences extend along the main street of Attica, south from the station and north from the town, leaving al^out a mile of vacant space. F. M. Kelley was appointed postmaster here, and held the office until September. 188."). when J. W. Gambee was appointed.

The First Metlwdist Episcopal Church was virtually established in 1821) by the subagent of the Senecas, who preached there that year. After his death, in 18ll(). other societies took possession of the field and gathered around them the few scattered inhabitants of the township at that time. The Methodist Church at Omar was built in INy'.t. but long prior to this Ezra Brown preached here, and was succeeded by the later day preachers of the circuit. He died at Cincinnati in 18()7.

The Baptist Church of Omar dates back to pioneer days. (The cemetery close by is a cotemporary instittttion, and one of the most venerable places of interment in the coitnty. )

United Brethren Church, located in Section 31, this township, was organized in 18r)(^) with the following named members: Charles Ames, Alvira Ames. Almina Cooly. Elizabeth Free. John Free and Eliza Free. The church building was dedicated to public worship on Christmas day, 18()(). The first pastor was Rev. Michael Bulger, and the present jiastor is Rev. J. P. Lea. The names of the otHcers (188(1) are John W. Walter, leader: D. B. Willhelm. Stewart: J. W. \Valt«'r. H. S. Free. A\". J. Ambews. D. B. Willhelm and Levi

Christ' s Church in Christian Union. - This society was organized in March, 1884, when thirty-two members were enrolled and following elders elected; Freeman Tompkins, H. Hippler and J. W. Showers. At the birth of the year 1880 this organization had thirty-eight em-olled members, and the officers were Freeman Tompkins, M. D. Shetterly, S. M. Beard and 'A. Boyer; first and present pastor, (i. W. Hagans. The congiegation meets for worship in the old chiu'ch-house built about forty-six years ago on the union plan - fi-ee to all denominations - but Chi'ist's Church in Christian Union society contemplates erecting a new house of worship ere long.

The CatlioUc Church of Reed Township was foimded here in 1867, years after a congregation existed here. In 1867 there were fifteen or eighteen families here who desired a house of worship, and in answer to their petition the jiresent church bviilding in the northeastern part of the township was erected. Among the original members the following names appear: Jacob Schmidt, Joseph Ball, Sr. , Josejjh Ball, Jr. , Anton Sherly, Ferd. Dendiuger, Joseph Bogner, Adam Landoll, John Schreiner, Xavier Fischer, Valentine Daniel, Anthony Halmer, Sebastian Hahl. Alvis Phillij^s, Jacob Kanney and Peter Brown. The chiu'ch has been attended by the priests of the Society of the Most Precious Blood - Revs. Peter A. Capeter, Nicholas Callas, Sebastian Ganter, Mathias Kenk, Andi-ew Stiefvater, John B. Birnbaum, and the present pastor, Rev. Florian Hahn. The number of families belonging to this congi-egation is sixty, and the congregation itself comprises about 500 members. The schools are presided over by the Sisters of the Society of the Most Precious Blood, and are attended by over sixty pujjOs.

Prior to 1837 the private school, a desultoi-y institution, was known in this township. In April, 1837, the people elected the first set of school insj^ectors, whose names are given among the officers, and the same year the common school was established here.

The peoj>le of Reed Township met April 4, 1858, to vote on the question of selling school lands (southeast quarter of Section 16, Reed Township). One hundred and seventeen votes were recorded in favor of sale, ,and two against. This tract of 160 acres was sold in two lots to Eber Higley, June 25, 1853, for * 1,992. 75.

The condition of the schools at the close of August, 1884, is shown by the following statistics: Local tax, $1,815.18; total revenue, 15,274. 12: exjienditiu'es, $3,083.65; number of schoolhouses, 10; value of property, $10,000; number of teachers, 19; average salaries, $41 and $26; number of male pupils, 230; number of female j)upils, 203; average attendance, 248.

General Statistics Conclusion

Comparing Reed Townshi}) of to-day with the wilderness it was fifty years ago, one cannot fail to notice what qiiiet and patient industry has accomplished. Then the village tavern with its puncheon floor, good-natured owner, meiTy circle, simple but wholesome meals, and, it is said, unadulterated drinks, welcomed the "tenderfoot" as well as the settler. This institution has disappeared forever, and in its place has sprung up the modern hostehy, wanting in all that made the old inn romantic.

The village store is in a modern building, and sui)plied with modern merchandise, but it comes nearer to olden times than anything else to be found liere. The church buildings are all modern, as are the congregations. It is true that a few of the pioneers still appear at worship, but the di'ess, the church, the preaching, and, in manj' instances, the doctrine are all remodeled. The hosjjitable log-cabin has given place to the frame or brick residence; the venerable old I'ail fence is fast disajipearing, the gi-and old wilderness itself has dwindled down to a few thousand acres of scrubby woodland, and change marks everything. Above the iiiius of all this, rise the evidences of civilization. Broad tields of grain, sis or seven large chiu'ches, pretentious school buildings, good roads, numerous postoffices, the railroad and telegraph - all have overshadowed the long ago time, and the people, in an effort to keep pace with progress, have almost forgotten the past of their township.