Scipio Township (part 1 of 2)

Scipio Township

The i.ite Mr. 1 auuhery, the father of my old friend, lames I.au^hery. w.is tlie first man who purchased land in this township, but the first ;- rc< ordcd lor land pun ha-rd in the countv was that mentioned '!>'!.-- hi-1.' >r\ of ( 'iinton, by a Mr. Anway.

bank of Ro< k\ < reck. There was .1 very old Indian among them, who had lar_;e silver rin^ in hi- nose. lie was in the habit of boasting that he had the tongues of ninct\ nine while men. and needed just one more to make one hundred. The Indian- often stayed over night at Mr. -Mewart -.

An hibald Mewart AM- born on the <>th of June, 1797. in Lycoming iinjiiiv. lVnn-\ iv.mia. He wa- raised on a farm, and married Martha |,,hn-on. who d:ed here. He is about live feet nine inches high, has a '-ci u'.iar deep. -oin>rou- \oi<e, i- \\ell proportioned and well preserved; --,.is i.ir^i- blue eve-, a tine Sorehead: hi- heavy head ot hair, which was nM«e a dark blown, lias become white b\ the heavy trosts ot Scipio : In- -till walk- erect, and i- as good and interesting in . mi\ er- i:i«!i a- ever, bidding fair to become a centennarian.

After the reservation came into market, the country settled up very rapidly, and -non the land was all taken up. Then roads were opened, land cleared, and houses put up. so that it began to look like an old i * i - ! n t r v .

\!:. I' "Id ha-- about s^ventv five acres cleared and about thirty-five - in woods. lie helped to open and start six farms in this neighirhood. and Mill lives on the place where he located, fifty two years - i_< >.

a Wyandot woman, and to John Walker, her son, who was wounded in the service ot the I'nited States. It was a section of 640 acres lying mostly within the present limits of Seneca township, and directly west ot the Van Meter section. This grant was secured to these Walkers at tin- treat) of iSi;. at the foot of the rapids of the Miami of the Lake. The writer knew the old lady and William Walker, another of her sons, when they kept store at t'pper Sandusky. Judge Lugenbeel bought a larue part ot the section when the Walkers sold it.

< >n the iqth of April, 1*45. Henry K. Kaestner, William Brinkerhoff and John Campbell caused to be surveyed, on section nineteen, a town, to which was given the name of Berwick (Mr. Campbell came from Berwick, in Pennsylvania, and named this new town after that old one. The Berwick in Pennsylvania is also the birthplace of the wife of the writer, i Berwick is a station on the Cincinnati, Sandusky & Cleveland railroad, eight miles from Tiffin, and is the only village in the township.

Seneca is one of the wealthy townships in the county. The soil is rich and under a good s'.ate of cultivation. Its citi/.ens are intelligent an'l enterprising. Their homes exhibit taste and comfort.

Mention should also be made of some other old settlers here, derman pioneers that located in Seneca township about the time the writer t.ime to Tiffin: John 1 >ock\\ eiler. Conrad Schmitt, Ignat/. Xeumeyer, J"hn Hoiick, (ieorge Weisenberger, Michael Wagner, John Feck, Jacob Kappler. Michael Stippich. Conrad Heirhol/er and John Wank.

Sknkca I Own Shi I'

'The following named persons were subpoenaed as witnesses for the state and put under their own personal recognizances for their appearance^ at 'lie next term, each in the sum ofSioo, vi/.: John Neunieyer, |nhn Wank. \Villiam Kahala, Josej>h Ke|)pler, Henry Naeth, John Wenu. l->seph Mcng. Joseph Smith, Francis Lenhart, Anthony Sanders, |osc|ili Ilummell. Clements Marks, John Baptist Ilchert and Alexander Swart/ Schwart/ i.

Hir: broke jail and escaped to Canada, where he lived for many years. His wife instituted proceedings in court, by which she became the owner of all the property of her husband, and it was supposed for a while that she would follow him to Canada. She was a very pious lady, and settled in New Reigel, in this county, near her church, where she lived until about two years ago. She had no child, but her mother li\ed with her. Hirt himself made his way to Iowa City, Iowa, from whence he kept up a regular correspondence with his wife, and finally prevailed upon her to sell her property in New Reigel and meet him in Iowa City. She complied, and taking her old mother with her, met Hirt at Iowa City. The sight of her husband so horrified her that she could not consent to have him live with her, and finally absolutely retu-ed. She had already purchased a house and lot in the suburbs of

( >ne afternoon, when the two ladies were alone in the house, Hirt came, drew a revolver, and shot his wile ami then her mother. It is also said that he set the house on fire and hung himself.

I,. ii,l \\ jih. l'ro\ i-ion- became scarce, ami we were compelled to grate minor mm t<> make bread. I was lucky enough to buy a barrel of Hour from a (,., mi ihal came from tin- -oiith for sT.uo. The man soli! (lie balance of flic

-|-)ie ( ,,-! ma'.i urape plant- father brought willi him beu'an to licar in luo s,.;ii ., ! rn m 1 1 ic t i me I lic\ \\ crc planted, ami produced delight fill fruit. I nil in I , i -, ;],,. niil-l'-u a lice led them, and linalh destroyed them. \Ve raised pines I',,, ,ii s,.,.,i \s,. brought with us. which became the first 'Ver i^reen trees in the ,.,uint\. We also had the lirst grafted fruit in the count \ . cherries, plums. apricot-. pt ache.-, etc. \\ e partook of the work and hardships incident to front ier life. The el i male u as \ cry n u fax oral)! e ; threat storms, heavy frosts, and ihauim.; uealher. iiilerchanuini;' rapidl\ . was ver\ destructive to wheat. ainl \se bar \e-ted more cheat than \\ heat. What has become of the cheat aii\ua\ '.' Wh\ are not farmer.- pestered with it now? WKITKK.

In the sprint of l-::i we had frosts from the li'th until theiMhof May. The fruit tree- fro/c. vegetables, the wheat, and even the leaves on the trees in the woods. >o thai on the 1st of .June the woods looked like winter time. The -priii1.:- u ere \ er\ wet: the summers exceedingly hot and dry. In the Mimmer -'I ]-:; 1 u e were pestered greatly with squirrels: the woods were literal^ filled \\iilithem. \\'e could raise nothing within a few rods of the fence-. The\ often de.-' roved whole fields of wheat and corn. The woods wen- full of ravenous animals also, that made it almost impossible to raise poultiA or ho<_r-- for a \\ hile.

\Vc aNo had our -hare of malarious fevers, and at times were not able to \\:iil u|n<n each other. Sometimes \se could not take care of our crops, but ih'-re i- iioilmm like ^C.IM| m-i^hbor-. There were no rich people here then. ;ind then-fore \\e had no thieves : there was nothin.u' to steal. The .u'reater mi ml "-r of the old pioneers have pas-ed a \\a\ . and. there are but a few of us i,.| i \\\n, ran look back upon tho-e early da\ -. whi"h were, after all. anioni; ,,iii- nio-t liappN times, in spite of all hard \\ork and pri\ations.

In 1 >er ember. Ki:!. we I mill a -dioo] hoii-e. Our I i strict em braced nearh all tin- tn\\ nship. \Vc aU met on the same day. Chopped down the trees. h;in'ed ill-' IOLT- together, rai-ed ihe hoii-e and put t!i.- dap-boards on before \\cqnit \\ork. t'.\en the lloor \\as laid, the benches put up. the house ,-hinkeil and daubed. A leu da\- al'ter school ua- kept in it.

His10Ky 01 Sknkca County

]HS i)t>init)ii. which often brought him into conflict with others. He \v i- ,i -noil neighbor. however. very hospitable, and for many years a le.uler in the vicinity lie was born in M artinsho^he. now in the Palatinate. Bavaria. dermany. then belonging to France, on the - dtli Nivos. \ear () of the French Republic < January i(>. iSoi").

Christian Scherer. Philip Bauer. Theobald Wagner, Francis Bart/, Frederick I'.ei ker. Iran/ Masson and John Brandt were also early derman settlers in thi> tnwn^hiji.

Cl(i>e bv Seneca township, where the state road crosses Thorn creek. a little -.outh of Mc( 'utchenville. \\"illiam Arnold and his young wife ICM ateil in the ^pring of 1X23. They were married in the fall previous. in iS2J. in l-'rederii k^burg. Maryland.

\\";iliam Arnold wa> born in Fredericksburg. in 1802. Mrs. Arnold, wh»-c maiden name was Nod. and who was a sister of Michael Noel. \va- il-o born in 1 rederi* k^lniri;. Maryland.

Mithael Noel lived a short distance south of Mc('ntchenville, also, and \\a> a man of good repute as a farmer and citi/en. He raised a l";iin,',\ «it intere-iing sons and beautiful daughters, two of whom were married to citi/ens uf this county, one being the wife of my goxxl old friend, tlie distinguished hardware merchant, Martin Kingseed. of l;ostoria.

At anoth.er time, " Stokev ," another \\ \andot, be. ame \ery iiis-.il: in^ at the ho-a-e and Mr. A::. <M -tr'i> k him w.th. the end o! h;- whip handle over the head.

After their fir-1 child wa- bom and the mother w a- able !i> travel. Mr. Arnold left hi- lone c abin in the wood-, hiti hed '!p h:- team an.i took wife and babe to l.anca-ter. ( )hio. to ha\e it rhri-tened. I: took a whole week to make the trip. Soon. howe\ er. other ( 'ath.-li, -, settled in the neighborhood, and Mr. Arn»!.l wa- one «>: the prime m- --. .-r- n. the e-tabli-hment o! tlie fir-t ('atholii chnr.-h at M. ( 'nti henvili children, of whom five arc still living, the others having died in ehild- I'lu- oldc-t one living is his daughter. Catharine, wife ol Harry JM-IT: next. Idi/abeth, wile m" Thomas Uowlin. and Maria, wife of John Strcbin. all living in tin- state of Indiana: 1 >anicl (1. 1 leek, the popular

;u.-rintcndcnt of tin- Seneca County Infirmary, and John, the youngest -or,, wiin i- living near hi> father on the old homestead. The children all hase families and are .'.11 doing well.

Soon after the land sales, Mr. Heck's father bought, at the Delaware ]tlll,| office, ilie Miuthwc-4 front quarter of section twenty-five, in this to\\n>hip, and made a deed for it to his son Ceorge. Three years after iu- wa^ married he moved onto the land here. Mrs. Heck died on the iXth nt I k'ccmber. 1X40. About one year thereafter, he married Sarah, the si>ter of lohn Kerr. KMJ.. now residing in Tiffin. She dropped dead on the iloor in 1.^75 after living on the old homestead with Mr. Heck thirtv five years At breakfast, on the morning of the day she died, >he toid Mr. Heck her dream of the previous night. She said she dreamed that their canoe got loose (.their house stands near the river , and lirifted to the other ^ide ot the river: that she walked after it ,,n the top of the water, and as she reached the other shore, she stepped onto a log, and looking back saw her steps on the log.

, all,., i pumpkin. He was the biggest Indian I ever saw. and the1 most sava"v looking. I-ACH hod\ . e\en the other Indians were afraid of him. He ua- ln!!\ -i\ t'fci liiuli. had a glaring look, showed liis teeth very much and (,,. mil-; ha\e \\ei-hed full) t\\o luindred iionnds.

SoiueVi here down a I 'oi it i old crrt'k a \\ liite man b\ the name of Snow, had |u^ rabin. ( 'i"' lime, in the absence of Snow. Pumpkin came into Hie house Hid killed Mr-. Sno\\. He then cut hei' open and look out of her womb a , ujl ,rp,\\ n babe, -t nek i! on a sliek and roasteil it over t lie lire in the house. 'I'd,. \\ lijtr neighbors ga\e the alarm and the Senecas caught Pumpkin and l,n,ir'ht him to MIOW, telling him that lie should kill him or do anything rl-e he plea.-ed u ith him. .Mr. Snow, fear ing the consequences, let Pnmp- |vin I'lin. SO.HI after that . Pumpkin stole a corn hoe from my neighbor. \ikeii. Aikenlold Pumpkin to leave the countn and never show his face ji^aiii. It \\a-not long alter that, when Pumpkin got into a light with a U"\and»t and killed him. The) made him sit on a log. when some six of ;hem plunged their tomahawks into his brain.

We rai-ed heinpaiid llax and spun and wove tow-linen. Many a cold day I ,.[;,, pped in the \\oods all da\ in tow-linen pants, my bare feet in shoes full ,,f water and ice. Sometime.- the ice packed around my feet so tight tha^ NS|,,.n | caine into the hoii-c I had to hold them to the lire a while before I i-i,ii!d get them off: but I never had m\ feet fro/en. I often had to goto '1'iilin nn cold da\ - in \\inler with tow-linen pants on. We lived very line after ue euiiM rai-e sheeji and ha\e the whole family dressed in linsey- \\ (iuNe\ .

i i1|r lime m> father paid us a \i>it. and when he started back my wife .r^,. him a loaf of bread to take along on the road. He met a man on the i,,;1,| near Ipper Saiidnsk\-. who was nearly starved. He had not eaten a mi iiit lit nl i 't' bread for t hive weeks, and had lived on boiled nettles and milk. 1 |r had a little hut near the mad.

men, in April, iX?>, moved to 1'me drove, in S« huylkill county. I'm sylvama. where he locateil on a tarm anil undertook farming The mountains and the stony tields were not congenial to him. arid in 1X^4 he sold out and came to < >hio by wagons.

Here he opened up a tarm, the land be in.; all in the woods. He had but tew neighbors. William Hitt |oined on the east o; him. \\.< hart Connor on the north, I'.eniamin I'eck on the west, and the >andusk\ river on the south. At ross the river l;ved Alex. I'.ow'and and William Me ( 'c irmai k.

Starting here in the woods lie experienced, all the hardships ..: foreigners who li.nl no practical knowledge of c lc-arin^ land, for this was a pet uliarlv American si ieiice. larmers in I'.urope are not t ompelled to remove the torest in order to make a tarm. The tirst \ ear is generally the hanlest. because while you are no! able to raise anything, you are < (impelled to buy all you need, ami live out ot'pt.iket. >o with. Mr. Koeni.u'samen. but the next year he had c Seared ten a< res and be^an to raise provisions. Mr. Kcieir._rs.imen speaks very !ceiin.,l\ ot the kindness oi his old neighbors m assisting him with everything needful until lie ^ot a better start in the world. The readiness and. willin^ncs* witli whu'h neighbors \vntild c otne to a raising or li>^^in_; ii.is in-' jiiently been mentioned. So here. Help was never refused. Now the openin-; _rrew larger, and^rain was be;n_; raised in abuntlam e. 1 \e:-\;hin^ prospered, and t lie family were happy until, on the i-jth >! Ma\, IN.>--. Mrs. Koe-ni^samen died, a tew days after ^iv;n^ b;rt!i to her tenth. « hild. I'he babe died six weeks lliereatter.

Mr. Koenig-;amen is still in the enjoyment of good health, and rather ro'uist for hi-; age. He enjoys his old pipe and a good joke as much as ever, and promises fair to so continue for many years yet to .come. His. son Anthony lives with him. and has charge of the farm.

Source changes here: from History of Seneca County, Ohio, by Leeson, Michael A., [from Old Catalog] Ed, published 1886; 20,624 words in this source stream.

Scipio Township

THIS Townshi]5. as originally established, December t5, 1824, compri.sed Town 2 in Range 16, Town 2 in Range 17, together with fractional Town 2, in Range 18, east, {vide pji. 289-240). Town 2 in Range 16. and To^NTiship 1 in the same range, formerly belonging to Eden Township, were set off as Bloom Township June 7, 1824. and continued a part of that township until the organization of Scipio December 2o, 1824. At this election seventeen voters were present - all the freeholders in Scipio at that time - of whom fom'teen were chosen to fill the offices of the new township. December 5. 1826. Townzhip 2, in Range 17. and fractional Township 2. in Range 18. were detached fr'om Scipio and set off under the name of Reed Township. The name of the township was suggested by \\'illiam Auway, who presented the petition for establishment, in honor of his old home Scipio, in New York State.

The population in 1824 was estimated at aljout 50, increasing in 1840 to 1,556. in 1850 to 2,321; decreasing in 1860 to 1.835; in 1870 to 1.642; increasing in 1880 to 1,836. The population of Republic, included in foregoing figures, was 161 in 1840, 917 in 1850, 636 in 1860, 481 in 1870 and 715 in 1880. Within the last year or two the ^-illage entered on its business re^^val. and the estimate of population gives about 800 as the number of inhabitants. In 1847 there were foiuieen school districts, in which 953 pupils were enrolled.

The township was sui'veyed in 1820 by Sylvaniis Bourne, and the portion of the Indian Reservation therein was siuTeyed. in 1832, by C. W. Christmas. William Laughrey piu'chased the first tract of land here in 1820 or 1821, and came to reside in 1824.

Rock Creek enters the township in the southeast quarter of Section 13. flows west through the southern portion of .Republic, thence southwest, and leaves the township in the southwestern quarter of Section 31. Morrison Creek, in the center of the north half of the tovmship. and a tributary of Honey Creek, in the southwest quarter of the township, are the leading streams. Sugar Creek waters a small portion of the northern sections and flows northwest into Adams Township. Several s]iring creeks are also found here. At a depth of sixty-five feet pure spring water is found. While these creeks afford a fair supply of good water for ordinary purposes, the wells of the towashi]> supply water of the finest quality for drinking and cooking.

The surface is gently rolling, the soil fertile, farms well cultivated and laid off in large fields, with many Osage hedge-rows already in existence, and others fast rising to usurp the place of the old rail fence; farm hoxrses are all comfortable, and many elegant farm buildings are pretentious.

The roads are good, while two lines of railway, the Baltimore & Ohio and the Northwestern Ohio afford all the advantages which rsiilroads alone offer iov the use of the farmer as well as the traveler. The Baltimore & Ohio enters the township from the east at Section 25, runs about northwest, and. after jjassing thi'ough the southwest corner of Republic, takes an almost due westerly coui'se. leaving the township ai Section 19. The Northwestern Ohio cuts

Oiyaiiization ami Offirrrfi. - December 0, 1824, Scipiu Townsbii> was set ofF and the lirst election held December 2."), 1824. At this date there were only seventeen qualified electors, of whom the followincr named were chosen officers: Seth F. Foster, John Wright and Jonathan Nichols, trustees; AMlliam B. Matthewson, clerk; Adam Hance and Joseph Osborne, overseers of the poor; Ezekiel Sam|)son and William Stephens, fence viewers; William Anway. trej-.surer; William Anway, Jr., lister; M. McMillan and C. T. We.stbrook. constables; John Anway and E. H. Brown, supervisors. From this date fojward to 18(i5 there are no township records which would justify the wTiter in attempting; to give the names of officers elected annually. * From 1800 to the present time the township books are in fair condition, and from them the following list of trustees and clerks is compiled, the clerk's name appearing last in each year up to 1885.

Pio}ieerx and Pioneer Incidents. - Among the pioneers and old residents of Scipio Township were many of those men of enterprise who shared fully in raising this proud county out of the wilderness. There are only a few of them left to relate incidents of olden times, and, with one or two exceptions, the memories of the few survivors are photogi'aphed, so to speak, in this division of the chapter; for fi'om such memories, only, could many of the following names and incidents be obtained:

Chasles Ames, a native of Connecticut, settled here in 1847.... It is of record that one H. Anway, a native of New York State, came t<i the county in 1820. but the fact of his becoming an actual resident at that time is not sub-

-E. T. Stickney was justice of the peace from April, 1839, to August, 1851. John P. Smith and N. P. Colwell were justices in 18t)5, and prior to that date.

stantiated. AVilliam Anway is said to have settled in Hcipio Township in 1821, but beyond the fact that his son John jjatented ajjieceof land in Clinton Township about that time, there is nothing to dotine such date for his settlement. It is stated by his childi-en that he settled here with his family in 1823. He died forty-five or forty-six years ago, and was the fii'st to he inteiTed in the cemetery at Kepublic, though not the fii-st to be biu'ied in the township. John Anway, his son, patented the first lands in the county, being the west half of the southwest quarter of Section 28. Clinton Township. He was born in New York State in IT'JU and died here in 1883. His marriage in 1825 with Maiy Foster, who was born in 18(15. was the first solemnized in Scipio Township. jVIrs. Anway moved to Califcjrnia in October. 1884, and died there FebruaiT 13. 1885. Her remains were interred at Eepublic. Febraary 20, 1885 .... Charles and Molly (Smith) Albright, former born in Penn.sylvania in 181(X latter born in 1808. died in 1877. . . .John Albright (who was born in Pennsylvania in 1835), came to Adams Township in 1836, and moved to hi.s present home in Scipio Township in 18()2 .... J. S. Armstrong, a native of Ohio, was here in 1835.

IVIi-s. Mary Baker (a member of the well-known pioneer Baker family of four brothers and four sisters, children of Judge Samuel Baker) settled with her husband, Joseph Baker, in Scipio Township in 1822 .... Nathan and Matilda Baldwin, natives of New York State, parents of Isaac S. Baldwin, of Bloom Township (who was born at Republic in 1838), settled here in 1S35. and in 1838 moved into Republic, where Nathan Baldwin carried on a wagon shoj) until his death, September 3, 1849. . . . J. C. Barton, a native of Ohio, settled here in ]85(X and in 1805 purchased the hotel property called the "Barton House" ... .In the village of Eepublic there lives one of the most eminent in good works and faithful ministers in the Methodist Protestant Chiu'ch. Rev. A. H. Bassett, D. D.. who is the recognized historian of his denomination, Mi\ Bassett is one of the best of men, loyal to the cause he espoused in youth, and he is beloved liy all as a father in Israel. While superannuated as an acting pastor, he is still doing good work as a writer. . . .John F. Baxter, who died December 21, 1854. was one of the old residents. . . .Matthew and Hanna (Lapham) Beard, parents of Charles F. Beard. of Tiffin (who was born in Massachusetts in 182U). came from the Eastern States with their family in 1833, to Scipio Township, where they are buried .... Samuel Beigh, who died October 2(\ 1875, was an early settler. . . .Dr. George W. Beigh died at Plymouth. Ind. , April 14, 1882 .... Irsael Bentley was an early settler .... Daniel and Clarissa ( Chittenden )Benliam. parents of Norman Benham (who was born in Connecticut in 1818), came to the farm in Scipio Township in 1834, where they died, Mi\ Beuhiim in his eighty-foiu'th. and Mrs. Benham in her eighty-fifth year . . . . Rufus Bishop, who died September 19, 1851, was among the early settlers. . . Daniel Billman, a native of Ohio, came in 1847 . . . .^Ii-s. Polly Bliss (wid(jw of Parley Bliss), mother of Edward P. Bliss, came to Scipio Township in 1835, and here Edward P. resided until 1859, when he located at Bloomville . . . . Emmett Bogart died August 10, 1845. . . .William Bogart, a native of Ohio, was here in 1841 . . . .!M. V. Bogart was one of the old settlers of Repultlic and the first mayor of the village .... John Bowerman and family settled here in 1830 .... John Bowser piu'chased the land on which the village of Republic stands in 1829, sold it in 1835. and in 1830 settled in Bloom. . . .Mrs. James Boyd (»«- Mercy Smith), second wife of James Boyd (deceased), late of Bloom Township, was born in New York State and came to Scipio Township with her widowed mother and brothers in 1835 ; she died in 1865 .... George Briney, a native of Ohio, settled here in 1843 .... Jacob Brong. father of the late Mrs. Samuel

-Mittower (latter l)oi-u in Pennsylvania in 1822, died in 1873). settled in Scipio Township in 183;"), where he died. . . .Aaron T. Brong came in 1830. . . .Panl Brong. born in Seneca County, New York, in 1824, came to this township in 1835. .. .Daniel Brown, born in 1799, in New York State, came to Scipio Township about liS3(), locating on a farm now owned l)y William Baker; he died in 1872. . . .Elijah Bniwn. who died January 9. ISST). in his seventy-ninth year, resided in Scipio after 1841; his widow, Catherine (Shirrick) Brown, to whom he was married in 1833, survives liim . . . . E. H. Brown was elected one of the first supervisors of the township in 1824 .... Philo and Celia (True) Bu"- boe, natives of New York, former born in 181-"), died in 1870, latter born in 1818, still living, parents of Morgan Bngbee (who was born in Scipio Township in 1840, died in 1884), were early settlers here. . . .Aaron Bngbee. a pioneer, died May 12, 1861 . . . .Consul W. Butterfield, the ^vi-iter of historical sketches of Seneca County, published in 1848, and of Crawford's campaign, published recently, was among the old residents of Scipio Township. .. .Hosea Wilson Burrows, whose father was an earlv settler, and himself one of the fonndeis of Republic Lodge No. 40, I. O. 0. F.. died August 19. 1840.

The Carter family came to Scipio Township in pioneer times ... .Hiram Chaffee, a native of New York State, settled here before the war .... Daniel Church, who died November 11, 1858, was one of the early settlers .... The grandparents of James D. Clark settled a farm in Scipio Township in an early day, now occupied by Mi-. Clark .... J. AV. Clay came from Pennsylvania in 1831. . . .Nathan Cole, a native of Massachusetts, father of John L. Cole of Repul)lic (latter born in Clinton Townshij) in 184(V). came to Seneca Connty in 1830, and died in 1875, aged eighty-nine years.... N. P. Colwell. who came to Thomi)son Township in 1831 fi'om Madison Countv. N. Y. . settled here in

1838; from 1850 to 1870 he tilled town offices Ah^n and Elizabeth (Frazier) Cooley, luitives of Massachusetts, man'ied in 1790, j)arents of Orange Cooley (who was born in Massachusetts in 1811). came to Seneca County in 1 828 ; Mr. Cooley and his wife died years ago .... Franklin Cramer, a native of Ohio, was here in 1847 . . . .Mathias and PhcBbe (Booth) Cummings, natives of New England, parents of Obediah Cummings (who was born in this township in 1837), came to this county about 183f>.

George and Christine (Briney) Dallman. maternal grandparents of Mrs. Daniel Shawl)erry, came from Alsace. France, to America, in 1820. and to this coimty in 1833 .... Evan Dorsey, who first settled in Bloom Township, was in Scipio Townshi]) about 1827; afterward moved West and died. . . .Robert Dutton, who settled in Scipio Township about 1822, died in 1823, the first white person to die in the township .... George Duesler came from New York State in 1847.

John W. Eastman, born in New York State in 1797, father of "\V. S. Eastman (who was born on the farm, where he now resides, in 1835), came to Seneca Connty in 1831, and following year purchased land entered by Nathan Dix (in Scipio Township), removing his family to same in 1833; he died in 1872; his widow (iiee Cynthia Spooner), was born in New York State in 1807, and died in 1855. . . .P. O. Eastman came from New York State in 1837.

James Finch, a native of New York, paternal grandfather of Bnrtis AV. Finch, of Loudon Township (latter born in Scipio Township in 1840). settled here in 1834, afterward removing to Hancock Connty. where he died .... Bellana Finch, a native of Now York, father of Bmiis W. Finch of Loudon Township, resided here from the time he was nineteen years of age till 1858; then moved to Hancock County where he died in 1873; his widow (nee Frances Bolte) died in 1879. . . .Nathan Foster, one of the first town officers, came from New York

State in 1824. . . .Setli W. Fo.ster was elected in 1824 one of the first trustees .... Enoch Frj- came from Maryland ten years after the township was established. . . .Joseph Fisher a native of Maryland, settled here in 18-11 . . . . Loiiis F. Fisher, a native of Ohio, came in 1851.

John C. and Abigail J. (Seeley) Green, jjarents of M. V. and John G. Green, natives of this township, former born in 1834, latter in 1837, were among the pioneers of Scipio Township, where they died. John G. Green moved to Fostoria in 18r)2. . . .Samuel B. and Jane (Striker) Gray, natives of New York State, parents of E. F. Gray (who was born in this township in 1845), settled here in 1834, where they died. Mi-. Gray, in 1880, aged sixty - nine and Mi's. Gray in 185( ), aged thirty-five .... Jacob and Margaret (Dallman ) Guver, parents of Mrs. Daniel Shawbeny (who was born in 1847 in Pleasant Townshi]^), were early settlers of Seneca County. Mrs. Guver was born in Alsace, France, in 1815. and died in 187(3.

Zephaniah Hathaway, born in Massachusetts in 1802, father of Henry Hathaway of Reed Township (who was born in 1828, the second child born in Scipio Township), came to this county from New York State in 1825 and entered land here. His first wife, Lucina, daughter of Josiah Smith, was born in New York State in 1802: died in 1S5G. Mr. Hathaway subsequently entered land in Reed Township and settled there in 1855 ... .Henry and Hannah (Swander) Hall, natives of Pennsylvania, former of whom died in 1881, aged eighty-two. latter in 1868 aged sixty-three, parents of Joel Hall (who was born im the farm where he now resides in Scipio Township in 1827), came to this county in 1827 and entered the land whereon he died. . . . \\'illiam S. Hall, .who died December 7, 1850, was among the old settlers .... Rev. Horace Hall died

Hamilton came from Virginia in 1842, and is still a resident of Republic .... Adam Hance, a justice of the peace, settled on the site of Republic in 1822, and subseqviently moved West with his family .... Anthony Harpster, a Pennsylvanian. settled here in 1828....H. L. Hams was connected with the early history, but little can be learned regarding him .... Philip A. Harrison, who died in July 30, 1852, was among the tii'st settlers. . . .George Harshner, a Pennsylvanian,came in 1843 .... The Hennessy family settled in Scipio Township prior to their removal to Loudon Township .... Joseph Hilsinger, a native of Germany, born in 1802, father of Joseph Hilsinger (who was born on the farm where he now resides in 1841), came to this township in 1835 with his wife, Mary (Rary), a native of Pennsylvania, born in 1800: she died in 1875, Mr. Hilsinger in 1878 .... John E. Hill, a native of New York, settled here in 1845 . . . .Sabert and Mariette (Baker) Hoxter, parents of Mrs. Lewis Eansbm-g (who was born in New York State in 1831, died in 1884), came to this county came fi'om Germany in 1832. .. .Benjamin Huntley settled in Scipio Township in 1 823, coming with the An ways and assisting in building the Anway log house.

Jacob S. Jennings, a native of New Jersey, father of Mrs. Henry Miley (who was born in Hopewell Township, in 1836), came to this county at an early date and entered land. He died in 1857. His widow, nee Osee Blackford, born in Warren County, Ohio, in 179U, died in 1876. . . .Heni'y Johnson, who died July 31, 1S49, was among the fii'st settlers. . . .Erastus and Grace (Pen-y) Jones, natives of New York, parents of Charles Jones (who was born in New Yoi'k State in 1827), came in 1828 to Scipio Township. Charles Jones died in 1878, aged fifty-one years Thomas Jones was born here in 1835.

Kclley dicil August C>. 1840. . . .Obediah and Pbcebe (Booth) Kinj/, natives of Connecticut, parents of Mrs. George Stearns (who was born in this county in IS^l), were early settlers .... Patrick Kinney, a native of Ireland, came to this county in IS'iy. and owned a farm in Scipio Township. His son, Edward, who resides in Venice Township, was born here in 1888 ... .Henry Koch, a native of (Termany. settled here in lSr)4.

Joseph and Lovina (Howland) Lapham. natives of Massachusetts, parents of Noah. Henry and W. W. Lapham (born in 1813, 1818, and 1828, respectively), moved to New York State in 1800, and later to this county, arri\'ing here in 1820, there being at that time but one house between then- farm and Tiffin. Joseph Lapham" s land patents were signed by J. Q. Adams and -Andrew Jackson. He died in 1871, aged eighty-live. His widow died in 1878 jiged eighty four .... Humphrey and Eliza (Allen) Lapham, both de ceased (former a native of Massachusetts, died in ISOS), parents of Squire Stephen Lapham, of Republic (who was born in New York State in 1821), came to this county in 1885 . . . .AMlliam and Jane (Postage) Laughery, natives of Pennsylvania (former born in 1782. died in 1847; latter died in 18.")7, aged seventy -eight I. parents of James Laughrey, late of this townshij) (who was horn in Muskingum County, Ohio, in 1818), piu'chased land in Scipio Township in 1820, and settled here in 1824. James Laughi'ey came with his parents to the township in 1824, and died in 1885. . . . S. H. Lamkin died July 27, 1849. . . .David Lawton was here at an early day. In Janiiary, 184(5, a letter addressed as follows, passed through the Rochester postoffice:

. . . . Moses Lee, who died September 5, 1848, settled here early in the Henry Mansfield came in 1852, and established a dry goods store at Republic. . . . .Dr. ^laynard built the house where Nathan Colwell now resides. The cellar of his house was a station on the "underground railroad, " and the next station was Jackson" s cellar near Clyde. At one time there were thirteen negroes stowed away in Dr. Maynard's cellar, who, when night came on, would husk and shell the Doctor" s corn, and return to the cellar on the approach of day. . . . William B. Matthewson, who settled here in 1824, was electeil iirst clerk of the township that year .... Thomas, Maurice, Charles and Rev. McNamee were very early settlers of Tiffin: of these brothers Maurice, who settled afterward in Scipio Township, is here still. . . .Mon-ison McMillen was here in 1824, and was the first constable of the townshiji, lieing elected that year .... John and Magdalene (Beever) Miley, natives of Virginia, par<Mits of Hemy Miley, who was born in Eden Township in 1 88 1 , came to this county in an early day ; Henry Miley moved to Scipio Township in 1858, and died in 1883.... "\V. A. Mills came from New York in 1850. and J. M. Mills in 1857 ... .Hiram Millman died February 2, 1851 . . . .Philip Miller came fi-om Germany in 1852. . , . Robert Montgomery settled here prior to 1880. . . .Elijah Musgravo settled in 1824; he served as captain in the Toledo war.

D. M. Neikirk, a native, was here in 1831; David Neikirk in 1833; Joseph Neikirk in 1847, and Jeremiah Neikirk in 1839. . . .William H. Non-is, a native of Ohio, was here in 1881, and John T. Morris in 1888. . . .Jonathan Nichols arrived in 1824, and at the first town meeting was elected a trustee.

Joseph Osborne, who came here immediately after the Anways. was chosen one of the overseers of the poor, in 1824; this was a peculiar position, as there were only fifty people here at the time, and the heads of families elaimed to he all as rich as Osborne himself .... Gilbert M. Ogden, a native of New York State, father of Herbert G. Ogden, of Bloomville (who was born in Scipio Township in 1848), came to this county in 1836 and married Miss Sarah Jopp, of Pleasant Township, who died in 1854: IMr. Ogden can-ied on business in Republic for a time and mined in Nevada, dying in Toledo, Ohio, in September, 1884. . . . .D. D. Ogden came from New York State in 1836 . . . .Nathaniel and Elizabeth Owen, parents of Lewis R. Owen, of Bloom Township, came to Scipio Township in 1833 from New York State. Nathaniel Owen died in 1846, his widow in 1882, aged ninety years.

T. M. Pancost was agent for the B. P. & C. Railroad in 1859 Alonzo and Lydia (Phillips) Patrick, natives of New York, parents of Mrs. William W. Lapham (who was born in New York State in 1881). came to this county in 1843. Ml-. Patrick died in 1863, aged sixty-four: his widow died in 1876, aged sixty-one .... Giles Pearce, who died July 30, 1858, was a pioneer. AVilliam Pearce, the first blacksmith in the township, was a free negro .... Richard T. Porter, born in 1811 in Pennsylvania, came here in 1842. . . .John D. Porter, who died May 13, 1854, was buried by the Odd Fellows, of which order he was a member.

Lewis Ransbm'g came from Maryland in 1831. ilrs. Ransbirrg (nee Hoxter ), was born in Y''ates County, N. Y''. , and with her parents immigrated to Seneca County, Ohio, in 1844, where she married Lewis Ransbiu-g. Her death took place October 12, 1885, in her fifty- third year. . . .Abraham Reynolds, a native of New York State, settled near Republic in 1830: later moved to Tiffin, and died some years ago at Carey, Ohio .... Squii'e Joseph Rhoads was one of the old justices of the peace Jacob and Elizabeth (Drake) Rine (both deceased), the former a native of Pennsylvania, born in 17U6. parents of John Wesley Rine. of Scipio Township (who was born in Franklin Coiinty. Ohio, in 1826), came to this county in 1836. and shortly after lost everything by fire: a few years later ]Mi\ Rine owned land in Hopewell Township, which he sold, and

Roberts, former, born in Massachusetts in 1784, died in 1868; the latter, born in 1792, died in 1872 (were manied in 1809), came here in 1825. (Mr. Roberts had entered land in 1823). They were parents of Hon. 'Mis. Edson T. Stickney, who was born in New Y'ork State in 1819. . . .0. P. Rogers, better known as ' - Ped ' ' Rogers, was among the earliest settlers of this county, having moved here from New York State, where he was born in 1816. well known in 1839 by many as a jovial and pleasant citizen. He died in January. 1881 .... Timothy P. Roberts, to whom many references are made both in the county and township histories, was born at Middletown. Conn., in 1784. died January 28, 1868. His wife, Rhoda Chadwiek, to whom he was married in 1809, was born in 179;2, died in 1872. Mr. Roberts purchased lands here in 1823. and two years later came to reside in the township .... Elijah Roberts, who died August 9, 1852, was among the pioneers .... Dr. J. Roop came in 1843 .... Albert A. Rule and Samuel Riile. with their families, settled in Scipio Township in 1824. Daniel Rule made his settlement in the same township in 1825. Albert A. Rule died in 1846: Mi-s. Rule, Sr.. in 1848.

Ezekiel Sampson, who settled here in 1824. was elected a fence viewer that year.'. . . Jacob and Mary (Litzenberger) Samsel, natives of Pennsylvania, latter born in 1822, parents of IMrs. Charles Jones of Scipio Township (who was born in Pennsylvania in 1845). came to this county in 1856. Mr. Samsel died in 1877 .... John Scott, a native of Virginia, father of J. Elwood Scott, of Republic (who was born in Scipio Township in 1848), was an early settler of this township. He died in ISSl. aged sixty-five years. His widow, Mrs. Ahhie Jan(> (Bugbee) Scott, of New York, born in IN'J'J. still lives. . . . William Scoville settled in Scipio about 1S2T. . . Sidney S(>a. blotter known as "Gen. Sea." is noticed in the clia]iter on Courts and Bar. while sundry references to him are made in the military and otlier chajjters and in the history of Republic Village. In 1884 he had Scipio Centre siu'veyed and platted under the name Republic. In September. 1 S;j(). the ease of John Wright rs. Sidney Smith was heard. It appears that Smith (Sea) purchased $(J47 worth of land from A\'right in Sci])io Township, of which stun he did not pay a cent, so that the court gave judgment against him. He was a peculiar character in everything, yet possessed a large amount of energy together with another commodity, which early settlers allege to be "solid cheek." . . . Robert and Sally (Kellerl Shaw, parents of Mrs. Sally H. Rogers, of Sci])io Township, who was born in New York State in 181*5, came to the farm on wliich Mrs. Rogers now lives, in 1887, and here died. Ml-. Shaw in 181)4. aged seventy-nine, and his widow in 18f)8, aged eighty-two. . . .Silas W. Shaw, treasurer of the county, died April 28, parents of Daniel Shawbeny, of Scipio Township, who was born here in 1842, immigrated in 1882, and settled in this county in 1838, They were both born and was a member of the Wisconsin Con. Convention. When a member proved troul)lesome. the church was reorganized and admittance refused to said member. . . . George H. Sheldon, father of Mrs, JohnG, Green of Fostoria, was a pioneer . . . .Zephaniah and Margaret (Longstreet) Sherman, parents of Mrs. John Wesley Rine, of Scipio Township, who was born in New York State in 1884. settled in this county in that year; now in Michigan. . . .Daniel AV. and Louisa (Paine) Smith, parents of Mi's. Richard T. Porter, of Scipio Township (who was born in Reed Township in 1841 ). came to this county in 1827. Mr. Smith died in 18r)8, Mrs. Smith in 1848, . . .David and Susan (Neikirk) Smith, parents of Mrs. Joseph Hilsinger. of Scipio Townshi]) (who was born in this township in 18811), were early settlers here. . . . William Smith. Jr.. who died Nov(>mber 21, 1827, was the son of William Smith, who died July lit, 184tl, They were among the pioneer settlers .... Hiram Smith, who died March 8, 1 85( t, was one of the pioneers. . . .Moses Smith was an early settler, and kept a. store near the Anway homestead - it is thought the first store in the township . . . .Mrs. Ethan Smith, in whose barn the Presbyterian Church of Re])ublic was organized, was a resident of Kansas in 1 884 . . . . Abram Smith settled in Scipio Townshij) in 1827, died thre(> or four yeai's ago. . . .Dr. Jabez Sjiicer. known as the jihysician ])reacher, mixed u]) orthodox religion with predestination, and spoiled a good doctor to make a Ijad preacher. He removed to Hudson, 5Iich.. and there, in his own house, committed suicide J. S. Sparks is classed with the pioneers H. K. Spooner. an Ohioan. was here in 1887 William Stevens father of George Stearns, of Scipio Township, (latter born in New York State in 182<)), came to this county in 1829, where he died in 1831. His widow (nee Sophia Baker), a native of New York State, born in 1797, afterward married William Fleet. . . . J. B. Stearns came from New York State in 1829. . . .Archibald Steward settled on Section 29, Scipio,Sn 1824, died in 1884. Hit* son James was born in this township in 1829. Archibald was born in Pennsylvania to Seneca County July 4, I88(i, and to his present fann in 1851, He is married to a daughter of Timothy P. Roberts, one of the pioneei-s of 1825. A family reunion was held at the home E. T. Stickney, one mile and a half east of Republic. Tuesday, October 6, 1885, consisting of C. B. Stickney. of Norwalk; IVIi-s. John Thayer, Hammond, TTis. ; E. T. Stickney. I. 8. Stickney, i\Ii-s. S. M'. Shaw andiVIi-s. G. M. Ogden. of Republic. Ohio. The combined ages of the brothers and sisters came to four hundi'ed and nine years, the eldest being over seventy-five and the youngest over sixty; the ages of Mr. John Thayer. Jlrs. E. T. Stickney and Mrs. I. S. Stickney, added, making the party of nine six hundred and two years. The family formerly consisted of twelve children, born in Franklin County, N. Y. , six of whom came West and settled and are all living. Those who staid East are all dead. Mr. Stickney was postmaster at Republic for sixteen years and a justice of the peace for a number of years .... George and Elizabeth (Small) Swigert. parents of John Swigert. of Bloomville. and Mrs. Martin V. Green and Mrs. John F. Heilman, both of Fostoria. came from Pennsylvania to this county in early days .settling on their farm in Scipio Township in 1844-45. where George Swigert died in ].S5(i. His widow died in Bloom Township in 1878. . . .John Swigert, of Bloomville. born in Pennsylvania in 1817, came to Scipio Township about 1S43. when he kept a hotel four years in Republic, finally, in 1872. moving to Bloom.

Lance Todd and family came to Fort Ball fi'om Maryland, in 1828, and the same year settled in Scipio Township .... Hemy and Eliza CWalburn) Troxel, natives of Ohio and Pennsylvania respectively (both deceased), parents of Mrs. James W. Stewart, of Scipio Township (who was born in Bloom Township, in 1834). came to this county, in 1884. . . .Alfi-ed Tompkins, a native of Ohio, was here in 1844. . . ."William A. Taber in 1852. . . .Thomas Thompson, a Methodist minister, in 1832.

Isaac and Allie (Doan) "Watson, parents of the late IMrs. J. T. Robinson, of Scipio Township (who was born in Bloom Township, in 1844), came to this township in 1830. Mr, AValson died in 1873. IVIi-s. "Watson in 1850.... Asa Way. who came from New York to Reiuiblic in 1833. was a member of the old bar ... .Cornelius ^\"estbrook settled in the township in 1824..., J. B. Wilcox, born in New York State in 1822. came to this county in 1833. . . .Charles Wilkerson came from New York State in 1843. . . .Isaac B. Witter settled in Scipio in 1831), died a few years ago. . . .John "Wright settled on the site of Republic in 1822. He was the first postmaster and justice of the peace here, and a great friend of Gen. Sea. until the ' lawsuit of 1 830 was commenced by him against the General .... John P. A\'orstell w-as among the early settlers. Little information of an authentic character can be had relating to him .... Yost and Elizabeth (Helt ucr Neikirk) Wyant, former of whom died in 1844. latter of Mai-yland, who died in 1808, parents of Daniel \\yant (who was born in Maryland in 1830). came here in 1832, and in 1833 built the house in which Daniel Wyant now lives, which house is now one of the oldest landmarks in the neighborhood.

The subscribers to Butterfield's history in 1847. at Republic, are named as follows: Josiah Roop, Jonas Roop, S. A\'. Shepard. D. C. Myers, G. H. Shaw, R. Chamberlin, John Williamson. A. "W. Littler, W. R. Fleming, Gad Goodspeed, A. E. Sloat, J. Majnard. Calvin P. Ranson, J. P. Mavnard, G. G. Smith, JJ. P. Caldwell, Jansen Parmenter, W. C. Cole. J. S. Smith, W. A. Parks, G. H. Spangle, H. R. Allison, James Davis, W. M. Dildine. P. M. Smith, A. Burrell, T.Ivi-aft, E. S. Stickney, A. G. Sargent. O. E. Page, Daniel Brown, H. P. Benton. David Lamton. "\V. A. Barnes, Ezra Brown, R. W. McCartney, N. Church, William Parker, W. W. Culver, A. H. Mestbrook. P. DeWitt, H. D. Wilson. F. S. Kendall. G. \\'. Haxton, D. Maltby. L. D. McCardle, R. F. Parks, Nathan Foster, JoIj Pettys, A. T. Miller, Peter Rumsey, D. S. Reynolds, John B. Frary, Jonathan Pettys.

Schools. About 1826 or 1827 th(> schools of the ])ioneer period first made tlu'ir iippearancp in the township. Two decades later there wer(^ fourteen school districts and 1)53 pupils enrolled. The township board of education was organized April 18. 1853, with Jacob Brong. (ieorge Stearns, Daniel Brown, David Neikirk. William Baker. Henry Troxall, T. P. Roberts, Elijah Brown, clerks of the several districts. The L(>gislature passed an act creating a joint sub-district, known as the Rockaw.iy District, enibracing Bloom Tc)wnshi]), Eden Township, Clinton Townshij) and Scipio Township. Owing to the vigilance of the township school boards the act was declared invalid, and Rockaway did not obtain the school building sought for.

Scliool Stnli.stics.^^lhe schools of Republic presented the following statistics for the year ending August 31, 1884: Numlier of pupils enrolled, 160 -82 boys and 78 girls of whom -tl attended the high school; 1 schoolhouse; value of property, $3,0(10; 4 teachers, average salaries, $67 and $32; local tax, $1,655. 55; "total revenue, $2,8119.55; total expenditures, $2.042. 5S.

The statistics of separate school No. 1. as published at the close of August, iSS4, give the following tigui-es: Local tax, $11.29; total revenues, $578,49; expenditures, $244.35; 1 schoolhouse; value of property, $500; 1 teacher, salary, $40; number of pupils, 56 boys; average attendance, 32.

The school statistics of Scipio Townshij) for the year ending August 31, 1884, are as follows: Local tax. $1,918.32; total revenue, $3,159.36; expenditures, $2,342; number of schoolhouses, 8; value of property, $13,000; munber of teachers, 11; average salaries, $38 and $30; number of male pupils, 144; of female pupils, 135; average daily attendance, 15().

The valuation and taxation of Scipio Township and Republic village are as follows: 22,658 acres of land in township valued at $810,010, and chattel propertv, $243,180; 282 acres in Republic valued at $120,680, and personal property valued at $56,610, making a total valuation of $1,230,480. The total tax is $17,074.06. with $112 dog tax. Republic claims only 9 dogs. The population of Scipio in 1880, was 1,830, including 715 inhabitants in Republic village.

Republic

The original name of the location of Republic was "'Scipio Centre," a name founded on the principle of the Western Reserve, which confers on the

John Wright and Adam Hance entered lands here in IH'I'l. In 1832 Sidney Smith (Gen. Sea) settled at Tiffin, coming from Portage County. Ohio, that year. A year or two later he purchased lands in Scipio. and in July, 1834, had a town surveyed at the Centre, and recorded under the name - ' Republic, ' ' which, as the General said, ' - was for the public good. " ' In September. 1 S36. John Wright, fi'om whom he purchased a parcel of the town site, sued him for the agreed price and got a judgment against lawyer Sea, which he is said to have paid. His enterprise was little appreciated by the people of Scipio. Of course John Wi'ijrht's loo- house, the first on the site of the village, stood where Gale's store was in 1847, and was, in fact. Gale's store until its destruction or removal about 1869 or 1S71.

In June. 183.'). the town consisted of Runnel's tavern. Gale's store, Amos Hall's shoe-making establishment, William Pearce's blacksmith shop ( a colored blacksmith) and a few log dwelling houses. The situation lu-ged Smith to advertise the town, and this he did through the columns of the Tiffin Gazette. He advertised all his lands and lots at Republic and Tiffin, but did not succeed in disposing of all, as when he moved to Cincinnati in 1838 he appointed lawyer Chaj)in his agent until his retiu'n to Republic in 1840. A year later he had his name changed to Sidney Sea by the Legislatitre, and in 1843 put himself forward for military honors, winning the position of brigadier-general of mill tia. Once in uniform he made every effort to ape the manners of Baron Steuben, one of Washington's distinguished German officers, noted for his soldierly bearing and qualities, and went so far as to address the unmilitary body, known as the Seneca militia, thus: ' Look bold! Look tierce! Look like the devil! Look as I do! ' He was generally obeyed, but the loyal old militia of Seneca County looked forward to parade day as they would to circus day. On one occasion he catight one of his men in the act of jumping out of George W. Black's restaurant at Tiffin. Riding furiously up to him, he addi-essed the hungry soldier thixs: "Attention! Great Jehovah! Look down on this! A son of Republic, a free Isorn American soldier, in the service of his countiy, eating George Black's gingerbread on parade. Shame! Shame! Shame!" About this time he removed from Repul)lic to Tiffin and in partuer.shii) with Luther A. Hall, carried on a law office for some time. Again, when such partnership had not existed, he went to Kentucky as the legal agent of Jeremiah Carpenter, an old settler of Venice, to look after his interests there. He failed to satisfy Carpenter that his accounting was exactly correct, and as a result Gen. Sea went to jail in 184(5. February T), 1847, Judge Reuben Wood, of the supreme court, whose term of office fortunately ended February 6, that year, came to Tiffin, heard the arguments of R. G. Pennington and Oliver Cowdery in behalf of Sea. and ordered his release. A year later the family moved to AVisconsin. Such is an outline of the history of the beginning of Republic and the man who founded it.

Orkjiiial Town and Additions. - Republic was laid out on the southeast corner of Section 1(5, and northeast corner of Section 21 by D. Risdon in July, 1834, for Sidney Smith, subsequently known as -'Gen. Sea." The eastern and sotithern additions were made in September, 1835, for Sidney Smith by Surveyor Shoemaker. "Waggoner's addition (Lots 155 to 24i)), was siu'veyed liy George Vi'. Gist for Samuel A\'aggoner and approved January 20. 1837. Patrick's addition was surveyed liy George W. GistinJidy. 1837, for Shepherd Patrick. Samuel AA'aggoner's addition of out-lots was made in August. 1841. Samuel Waggoner's Uurying ground addition (south part of east half of north-

Organic and Official.- There are no records whatever of the organization vi the village of Republic, or of the transactions of the town council from \i<i>'4 to ISBfi. It has lieen ascertained, however, that M. V. Bogart was mayor in 18r>8: "\V. S. Hamilton in l.So4-r>5; A. A. Hall in 185t); N. P. Colwell in 1857 -- Joseph Boyer in 1858; A. A. Hall in 185'J-()0; Daniel Metzgar in 186]-(j2: W. S. Hamilton in 18<)8. The officers and council ft-om 18tj7 to 1 885 are named as follows :

1882-83. - George Tnbbs, mayor; John A. Colwell, recorder; X. F. Charles. G. W. Hemingway, Charles Lease, A. T. Jones, Eli Beard, D. D. Ogden, council.

for prior to its organization Rev. James Robinson, pastor of Melmore, preached there. September 17, 1831, a number of citizens of Scipio met at the house of Ethan Smith, when Abram Tremain. Rufus Bishop and Brainard Cleveland were elected ruling elders. April IVt, 1882, a society was organized with the following members; Abram Tremain, R. Bishop, B. Cleveland, William Smith, of Scipio, N. Y. ; William Van Fleet and wife fi-om Melmore ; Eliza Church, Sophia Cleveland and Susan Bishoj) fi-om Homer, N. Y. ; and Martha Tremain from Genoa. N. Y. At this time a resolution adopting the Presbyterian confession of faith was carried, and in the barn attached to Ethan Smith's house the organization was perfected. For some time after services were held in the barns of T. P. Roberts and Ethan Smith, and in the winters within Smith's house. Rev. James Robinson was the first preacher, receiving $75 per annum, and a monthly call to shorten his sermons. At this time there were only a blacksmith shop and a little store at Republic. In 1834 the village was sui'veyed and platted by one Shoemaker, settlement was retarded and the progress of this church slow. Rev. John McCutchen was the tii'st resident pastor, having preached here April 22, 1 832. He remained almost ten years, and won a membership approximating 100 for the chiu'ch. December 10, 1837, a protracted revival was closed by Mr. McCutchen, and twenty-five members added to the society, of whom one. Orange Cooley, alone remains. Mr. Mc- Cutchen left August 20, 18-11. Rev. John Spicer, a doctor (who committed suicide in Wisconsin), was called in 1842, and filled the jiuljiit until 1844, although Rev. John Whipple came in 1843. Both were succeeded by Rev. Merrit Harmon May 23, 1844, who remained until 1846. During the campaign of 1844 politics claimed the greater attention of members, and created serious dissensions in the church circle. An ecclesiastical trial, too, was carried on from October 3, 184."). to July 2, 1846. Rev. Calvin Ransom came January 2, 1847, left in October of that year, and after many changes settled at Cincinnati, Ohio, where he lost his eyesight. Rev. C. B. Sheldon came August 25, 1850, and had charge until July 7, 1855. He was ordained and installed pastor October 8, 1851, and was the first regularly installed minister of the society. June 6. 185<'). Rev. F. Putnam an'ived, and he remained until 1857. November 10 of that year Rev. Samuel Montgomery came and remained until April 3, 1S5U. Rev. J. B. Parlin came in September, 1861, and was pastor until May 29, 1864. From October. 1865, until September, 1866, Rev. William Newton was pastor. In the latter year he was called to the church at Melmore. In 1868 Rev. R. S. Lockwood was pastor, and about this time the services of Rev. Henry Rice were recognized. March 14, 1874, Rev. Alvin Baker took charge and continued pastor until October 10, 1875. Mr. Baker died in 1884. Rev. Walton Pattinson was pastor of the churches at Republic and Bloomville from July, 1876, to April, 1878. In 1880 Rev. R. B. Moore was called. During his pastorate the church building at Republic was erected. Rev. D. D. Biggar filled the pulpit aftenvard. The list of ruling elders comprise the names given as elected in 1831: Joseph Curtin and Ethan Smith, elected April 11, 1838; Gaylord Smith in 1842; Jt>seph Creque, Orange Cooley and Henry Chamberlain in 1851 ; Elroy C. Smith, B. Rush, Porter Payne, and Lyman F. Payne in October, 1877.

The first log church building completed in the winter of 1831-32, was erected on the Anway farm, one mile and a quarter southeast of Republic. In 1837 the second church was erected, during the pastorate of Rev. John McCutchen, and on its opening the revival services of that year were commenced. In 1 845 steps were taken by Rev. Harmon and society, to build the new or third church. This was completed in 1846 at a cost of §3,000. This building is now known as

Stickney & Di»iitler"s warelioiisp. The present ehurch was completed in 1S81. The whole number of communicants from 1S81 to 1SS4. was 2y>i\-. of baptisms, 140; of pastors. 17, and of ruling elders, 12. Mrs. Emma Stickney is senior member of the church, having united in 1830: Orange Cooley, in 1837: Nathan Caldwell and A. J. Scott, in 1840; Mrs. Robinson, in 1848; Jane Miller, in 1841): Abram Miller, in 1847; Lydia Ann Shaw, nee Stickney, in 1852. and Hannah R. Porter, in 1854.

The Metliodi.it Episcopal Church, of Republic, is almost contemporary with the old church of Melmore, and for years the same circuit preachers, named in the histoiy of the Melmore society, appeared here, their coming dating away back to the days when Cunningham's log workshop was the center of the Christian Chiu'ch in the young settlement of Republic. In 1845 the Universalists introduced the era of ehurch building. In 1840 the Methodist society erected a liner house of worship, and this was eclipsed in 1847 by the Presbyterians, who expended a greater amount of money on their house than either the Universalists or Methodists, viz.: $2,400. the limit of a church building fund in those days. The history of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Eden Township contains some facts relating to the establishment of a society here,

Salem Reformed Church of Scijiio and Adams Townships was founded in 1837, as a union of the Lutheran and Reformed societies, by Rev. F. Rahauser. and a house of worship erected on lands donated by John German. The old church of 1837 gave place some years later to a better building, and this also was superseded.

Salem German Reformed Congregation of Adamn and Sci]>io Townships was reorganized September 29, 1807, out of the older organization of Adam Township. John Hensinger presided, with Rev. Eli Keller, clerk. J. Hensinger. Anthony Harpster and H. Bachman were elected trustees. In 1808 a brick house of worship was erected on lands purchased from David Wyant.

The U)(irersalist Society was founded here in 1840 under the name " Universalian Church," and in 1845 a house of worship was erected. Forty years ago this was one of the leading churches of the township, the society expending over :*2.000 on the erection of a house of worship.

Tlie Baptist Society, of Republic, was organized December 29. 1837. with the following named members: Giles Pearce. Content Pearce, Israel Green, wife and two daughters. Nathan Cramer. Aaron Carle, wife and daughter, Lowell Robinson, Irene Spooner, Margaret Hammond, Sarah Eastman, Lovina Robinson and Margaret Holt. The secretaries of the society since 1837 were Joel Platte. R. H. Blodgett. O. F. Colwell and A. Maria Cole, nee Platte, the present clerk. The roll of pastors of the church embraces the names of Revs. Brown, Goodenough. Mack. Keating. Beebe. Collins. ^\ all, Clark, Oviatt. Dunn, Lockhart. Lyon. Hall. Buell and Ramsay. The present membership numbers twenty-two. "and the value of property placed at .§800. Mrs. Cole, in speaking of this chiu-ch and society says: "The little Baptist Church at Republic has passed through many trials and conflicts. It was first called the Bloom and Scipio Church fi-om the two townships in which the meetings were held alternately. In March, 1830. the name was changed to Republic and the meetings all held at said village. The church was driven hither and thither, like the tempest-tossed l)ark, sometimes securing a home for a few w^-eks or months in some public building; but this frequently was denied them, and they were obliged to hold meetings within the narrow walls of some ])rivatc> dwelling which had been thrown open by some brother or sister. In 18*)2 they purchased a hotise and lot of Republic Union School District for $\0'K which t.hev remodeled and deiic.ited to the service of God, and to-day we have a neat little cliurch in good repair of which we feel proud. ' ' This society was reorganized under the act of May 1, 1852, on Februarj' 18, 1854, fi-om the Scipio Baptist Society. T. R. Wall was chairman, and Asa Way, clerk. Bennett Sjiooner, Giles Pearce and P. H. Pettys were elected trustees and Joel Piatt, clerk and treasiu-er.

In the history of the Republic churches by Rev. Air. Biggar, it is related that three preachers, a Presbyterian, a Methodist and a Baptist, attempted suicide, of whom two succeeded.

Cemetery

Republic Cemetertj. - Just east of the Bloomville road, and north of the Baltimore & Ohio Raih'oad is the beautiful little cemetery of the village. Many of the pioneers are intended here, and many elegant monuments stand sentry over their remains. The grounds are neatly laid out and shaded by ornamental trees.

At i>age 657 the statistics of the schools of Republic are given. The Seneca County Academy was chartered in 1836. The incorporators organized on February 8, 1844. and the academy was opened November 10, 1845, with S. W. Shepard, principal. In December, 1847, the preparatory school was opened by Miss Amelia E. Root. From 1845, onward, Mrs. Sarah Jane Thayer was a teacher here, while Mrs. Eliza A. Baxter presided over the school of music. In 1870 the academy ceased, and in its place was instituted the Northwestern Normal School.

When the board of trustees organized in 1844, Timothy P. Roljerts was elected president, WiDiam C. Cole, secretai-y. and Edson T. Stickney, treasurer. There were nine trustees, under whose authority the red brick building, still called the " " academy, ' ' was erected on the east side of the village.

The Northwestern Normal School was founded at Republic in 1870. with Richard J. Fraise, principal. In 1874 he moved to Fostoria, carrying with him. to that rising town, the name, principals, and one or two teachers of his school at Republic.

Fire Depabtment

August 20, 1869, a fire swept away thirteen buildings in the village of Republic. The entire contents of the Masonic lodge room were destroyed, and the records of other societies lost or burned. In 1871 another fire swept away two business blocks. Prior to 1869 a tire company was organized here, which ranked with the old-time fire-pail companies. After the fire of that year a new equipment was introduced, and after the fire of 1871 the department was reorganized.

Republic Star Hook and Ladder Company was reorganized under the State law September 17, 1872. H. R. Covert was elected secretai-y, and H. R. Covert, J. D. Hopkins, T. M. Green, Daniel Bollinger and Jonathan Witter, trustees.

The Masonic society was organized at Republic very early in the history of the village, biit. unfortunately, the records were destroyed in the tire of 1 869, together with all the property of the lodge.

184S. with Josiah lloop H. L. Harris. M. V. Bogart, Ed "Winthrop, Hiram Humphrey, Dauiel Watersons, H. Bentou, Piatt Benedict and John P. Woi^stell, members. This was essentially a society of Republic until Februarj', 1S()9. when the charter was transferred to Tifhn. H. Bromley, elected E. C. in ISfio, continued in office until 1870.

Horace Robinson Post, G. A. R., was established under charter September 10, 1881, and named in honor of a soldier who fell at Chancellorsville May 2, 18C)3. The charter members are named as follows: G. R. Hemingway, George Tubbs, L. C. Hopkins, E. R. Sage, J. T. Dittman, H. K. Spooner, J. B. Ennis, L. S. Bergstresser, D. D. Neikirk, W. A. MiUs, C, A. ^\"av. L. A. Cook, D. Troxell, M. F. Sweetland. W. R. Robinalt, J. P. Sparks. E. C. Sparks. M. Gray. J. Crossley, J. P. Rogers, E. F. Gray, L. R. Barker, H. M. Reed. P. J. Shaw, A. "Way. H. C. Martindale, F. A. Lumbar, G. W. Singer and B. A. Sloate. W. A. Mills. was commander to the close of 1882; P. S. Shaw, in 1883, and E. R. Sage, in 1884. The post has a membership of about forty.

Miscellaneous

Railroads and Highimijs. -The Mad River Railroad, the history of which is given in the general history, was actually built and in operation between Sandusky and TifRu. ria Bellevue. Lodi and Republic at one time; but the track was taken u]) and both ties and rails used on the new track ria Clyde and Green Spring to TitHn. .The loss of this road was a serious l)low to the young village, for with it disappeared the chances of constructing the Melmore Jk Republic line, projected in May, 1880. Th(> old railroad entered the village fi-om the northeast, at the intei-section of East and J(>ft"erson Streets, and then took a dne western course.

The Kilbomue Road, uamed after Col. James Kilboui-ne, who in 1S27 surveyed the Sandusky & Cohunbus Tiu'npike for a toll-road company, was opened through Republic. AVilliam and John Anwav opened the first road to Tiffin in lS2;i or 1824.

Conclusion

From the very beginning of settlement to the present time, the people of the township, and particularly of Scipio Centre, made great efforts, and, in many instances, great sacrifices, to place this division of the county foremost among the townships. So early as 1832 they entered their claims for the Mad River Railroad, and won the road some years later; again they assisted in efforts to secirre railroad connection with Melmore and other points south, but when near the goal of success, other and opposing influences took away the railroad which they possessed, and destroyed all hopes of success for new enterprises of this kind. In 1841 or 1842 a well organized effort was made to secure the county seat; but like other measures which deserve success, these failed to win the coveted prize. With all the failures credited to the center of the township, Scipio, as a whole, has made remarkable progress, and to-day vies with the best sub-divisions of northwestern Ohio in wealth and all its accompaniments. The building of the Baltimore & Ohio gave a new impetus to the business life of Republic, and this village now may be said to share with the township in general prosperity.

JOHN ALBRIGHT, farmer. !'. O. Re])ublic, was born in Lancaster Cotinty, Penn., October 20, ]HH7). and the following spring his parents removed to Seneca County, Ohio, locating in Adams Township, where our subject grew to maturity and received the benefits of a common school educati<jii. Charles Albright, father of our subject, a carpenter by trade, was boi'n in Pennsylvania, in ISIO. and Molly (Smith) Albright, our subject's mother, wa-^ born in

1808, died in 1877; they were parents of foiu- cliildi-en: John, Jacob, David (deceased) and Isaac. John Albright removed to liis present farm in 1802, and in 1875 erected his fine residence. He is a self-made man; considered one of the substantial as well as practical farmers of Scipio Township. He has always dealt more or less extensively in stock; is also a prominent apiarist. He has served the people of his township as trustee, and is an active member of the Democratic party. He is a F. & A. M. Our subject maiTied, December 1, 1863, Miss Mary HndtUe. born in Lykens Tuwnshij), Crawford Co., Ohio, Jtdy 22, ]83t'), daughter of Benjamin and Annie (Seitz) Huddle, the former of Shenandoah County, Va. . and the latter, of Fairfield County. Ohio; were parents of ten sous and eight daughters: Rebecca. Xoah (deceased). Lydia, Daniel. Benjamin, Samuel (deceased). Lewis. Abraham (deceased). Rachael (deceased), Mary, Ann. Catharine. John. Peter, Elizabeth, an infant (deceased). Jacob and Lovina (latter deceased). Fourteen of the.se children grew to matiu'ity and maiTied. The union of oui- subject and wife has been blessed with four children: Freeman, Orsina (deceased). TJpton and Orren.

NORMAN BENHAM. farmer. P. O. Republic, was born in Prospect. Conn., September 7. 1818, son of Daniel and Clarissa (Chittenden) Benham, who came to the farm now occupied by our subject, in 1834, where the}" died. Daniel Benham, a son of Shadi'ach and Elizabeth Benham, died in his eightyfovu'th year. Clarissa Benham, a daughter of Asel C. and Annie (Lewis) Chittenden, died in her eigbty-lifth year; they were parents of live children: Franklin B. (deceased, leaving a family): James (deceased, leaving a family in Clyde, Ohio); Edwin (deceased, leaving one daughter): Norman and Marsha A. (latter deceased). At twenty yeai's of age, ooi- subject began the cai-penter" s trade, at wliich he worked fifteen years, then turned his attention to general farming and now has 110 acres. He was married, in 1842. to Ann Smith, born near Berne, Switzerland. Septemlier .'). 1,S23, daughter of Jacob and Catharine (Myers) Smith, who came to America in 1!S27, locating following year in Sandusky, where former can'ied on shoe-making, subseijuently settling in Venice Township, this county, where he carried on farming, and where he died. To oiu- subject and wife have been born foiu' childi-en: George (deceased) ; Catharine, wife of Jacob Crosley in Republic, this county : Frances, wife of V. A. Rohn, also in Republic, and Daniel J.

M. BREYMAN. dentist. Republic, was Isorn in Berks Coimty. Penn.. December 15, 1821; son of John C. Breyman. at onetime a merchant and recorder of Union County. Penn.. who died in 1801. aged sixty-seven years; his widow. Catharine (Oman) Breyman. of Pennsylvania, died in 1879. aged eighty-four years; they had ten childi-en: Sarah Ann. Zacharius. Sabrina. Malon. Henry, Catharine. John, Allen, Annetta and an infant (latter deceased). At the age of eighteen years our subject commenced working at the wagon-making trade, an occupation he followed about ten years, working part of the time in a machine shop and at ship-building. He commenced the study of dentistry in 1856, and is a graduate of the \\'isconsin Dental College. He has been engaged in business in Repul)lic. Ohio, since November, 1804, and is the only dentist in that town. In August. 1S(')2. Mr. Breyman enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Fiftieth Pennsylvania Yolunteer Infantry. Under Capt. Crotzer. he was transfeiTed to Company A, Thirty-tifth Regiment and detailed to assist the siu'geon, and April 27, 181)3, he received his discharge on account of chronic bronchitis. Mr. Breyman is an active memlier of the G. A. R. post, at Re- ))ublic, Ohio. In politics he is a Republican. He is a member of the Presiijiierian Chiu'ch. Mi-. Breyman entered upon life a poor boy. and is a selfmade man. He married, June 17, 1845. Elizabeth C. Tate, of Pennsylvania.

born October 20. 1S"2(I. and eight chilcb'eu have beeu born of this union: Jane E., wife of F. Warner: Annie C. (deceased); Elizabeth A., wife of J. K. Wiremaii; William C. married to Duskie Smith: John A., married to Ettie Carrell: Alice A. and Alford A. (twins), (former wife of E. Sonrwine). and Malin E. (deceased).

PAUL BRONG, farmer and stock-raiser. P. (). Rejiublic. was bora in Seneca County. N. Y.. Novemljer 1. 1S24: son of Jaeol) and Elizal)eth (Farwer) Broiig, Peun.. wht) were the parents of twelve cliildren: Cathcrina (deceased). Maiy (deceased). Jacolj, Sarah (deceased). Paul, .laron. Barbara. Annie, Kosa, Susan (deceased). Lydia and Elizabeth (latter deceased). Our subject remained with his parents on the home farm and received the advantages of a common school education, entering his career iu life as a farmer, an occupation he has since followed. He came to this county in 1S85. and located iu Scipio Township, where he has since resided. In connection with his farming interests. Mr. Broug has been extensively engaged in growing stock. His tirst fai'in consisted of forty-live acres for which he ran in debt, and he now owns 2 K? acres of choice farm land. When twenty years of age. he became a member of the (xerman Reformed Church. Politically he is a Reinililican. Mr. Broug was maiTied. June 27, IHbO. to Miss ilary Ann Stabler, who was born in Lehigh C\)uuty, Penn. , May 22. 1S2<). da\ighter of Hemy and Susan (Hover) Staliler. natives of Pennsylvania. To oiu- subject and wife have been born six children: Abbie R. (deceased). Heui-y J. (deceased). Sarah Elizabeth (deceased). Susan (deceased). Daniel Edgar, and Samuel Charles, residing at home ou the old homestead of 218 acres, as a farmer and stock-raiser.

DANIEL EDGAR BROXO. who is assistant district attorney at Lockport, N. y. . was l)orn June U. 1857. in Scipio Township, Seneca Co.. Ohio. He left common school March 4. 1873: was a student in Republic Normal School from October 1, 1873, two years; was a student and teacher iit same school fiom October 1, 1875, two years more; delivered centennial oration at Republic. Ohio. July 4, 1876; began reading law at home May 1, 1877. and taught school in Adams Township, this county, winter of 1877-78. He read law sum mer of 1878. at Lockport. Niagara County. N. Y. . and entered the law d(>partment of tlie univel-sity of Michigan at Ann .\rbor. October 1, 1878, continuing two years; was office law student at Lockport. Aju-il 1. 18SU. to January 1. 1881. and was then admitted to the bar in New York: graduated at .\nn Arbor. March 23, 188(1. and was ;tdmitted to the bar in Michigan. He ])racticed law at Lockport, from Jaiuiaiy 1. 1880. to date; was appointed a.ssistant district attorney of Niagara County. January 1. 1884, for the term of three years. Daniel Edgar Brong was maiTied September 27. 1882, to Mary Eunice Parker, of Lockport, and to this union was liorn, September 23, 1884, one son - Parker Paid.

D.ANIEL BROWN (deceased) was born in Westchester County, N. Y.. December 28. 17U9. and died March 2'), 1N72. He was reared on a farm arid entered uj)on his career in life as a farmer, coming to Scipio Townshi]i, this county, in about 183'). locating on the farm now owned by William Baker. He became a prominent politician aud was elected liy the Democratic party to a seat in the Legislature. Certain measures l)eing agitated which did uot meet his views, he eventually became a Republican. He held the office of coroner in the county, and numerous townshij) offices, such as ju-stice of the peace, etc. He was a Knight Templar. Mr. Brown was a self-educated man and although of firm convictions, was easily influenced for right. He was married. June 3. 1 8;j8. to Mi's. Sally (Chace) Smith, who survives him. She was born in Tomjikins County, N, Y. . October 19. 1813. and was first man-ied. iu 1S32. to Joseph N.

Smith, who died within the year. She was the mother of cue daughter. Jo.sie, horn September IS. ls;!4, who was married June 4. 1S.")(), to W. J. Crissel, who died in 1 809. leaving to her care two chiklreu : Dan B. and Fred B. . both farmer.s in Scipio Township, this cotinty. !Mrs. Crissell sub.sequenth" married. October 12, 1870, James H. Knapp, who was born in Putnam County, N. Y. , July 1'2. 1842. ]Mi\ Knapp has always followed the occupation of a farmer, except two years, during which time he was engaged in mercantile business in Iowa. During the war he was in the 100 days' service in Company I, One Huntlred and Forty-fifth Ohio National Guards. He came to Seneca County in 1869. and has held numerous township offices of trust: is the present secretary of the Farmers' Mutual Relief Association of Seneca County, which was organized in 1860, incorporated in 1878. Mr. Knapp is an extensive breeder of high grade stock. Politically he is a Republican.

MORGAN BUGBEE (deceased) was born in Scipio Township, this county, January 16, 1840, son of Philo and Celia (True) Bugbee. natives of New York, fonuer born in Atiburn, May 14, 1815, died December 27, 1870: latter born in Bath. March 8. ISIS, is still living and is the mother of five childi-en: Morgan Eliza, bornMarch4, 1841. wife of J. Dittman: Mariah. born April 11. 1S42. died August 13, 1S67: Elva, l>orn January 1, 1851, wife of G. M. Pancost. of Washington, D. C. ; Merritt. born October 16. 1855. and Morgan. Morgan Bugbee entered upon his career in life as a farmer, and eventually !)ecame one of the best fanners of Scipio Township, this county. He made a specialty of breeding Merino sheep and Poland-China hogs. He resided two years in Indiana, and while there became an Odd Fellow. Mr. Bugbee was highly esteemed by the community in which he lived; he was a consistent member of the Universalist Chiu'ch for some years previous to his death: he died, August 10, 1884. He was married, April i). 18()8. to Miss Mary A\'oodi'uff. who was born in Ann Arbor. Mich.. June 12, 1842: she was a daughter of John and Sally (Clark) Woodruff, who were natives of New York, former born October 19, "1798, died June 25. 1S52: latter born March 8. 179S, died April 17. 1880: they were early settlers in INIichigan: the former was a school teacher, and a prominent politician of the Whigjiarty: they were the parents of thirteen children: Emma, John B. (deceased), Matilda (deceased), Peter, Caroline. Charles H. , Timothy (deceased). Thomas. James C. , Samuel, Martha. Jane and Maiy: Jane married Orlando Green, of Attica. Ohio. May 11. 1862: he <lied September 17. 1S7S: one child lilessed this union. Donna ^X.. horn April 6. 1875.

JAMES E. CARPENTER, farmer, P. O. Republic, was born in Clinton Township, this county. July 19, 1853. son of Adam and Phfebe (Strow) Carj)enter, former a natiNe of Harrison Coiinty, Ohio, latter of Bloom Towushi[>. this county; they were the parents of two children: ^Mlliam and James E. Our subject received a common and normal school education and entered upon his career in life as a school teacher. He has, however, made farming the princi [)al occupation of his life and has been a resident of Scipio Township since 1880. He makes no specialties, other than growing the usual crojis and raising stock. Politically he is a stanch Republican. Mi'. Carj)enter was married, February 19, 1S7S. to Miss Sarah Myers, who was born in Venice Township, this county, June 4. 1849. and by this union there are two childi'en: one died in infancy, and Roxie Rebecca, born December 26. 1883. Mrs. Carpenter is a daughter of Henry and Rel)ecca (Free) Myers, early settlers of this county, former deceased: they were the parents of seven children: Mar)' J. (deceased wife of A. B. Brant). George AV. (deceased). Andrew J., Sarah, Thomas J., Martha E. and William T.

HIUA:\r CI-LVFFEE, fiirmer. P. O. Bloomvilk., was l)orn iii Co.irtluml County, N. Y., October 80. LSI 2; son of Nathan and Poll v (Eaton) Chaflo,.. of Massac-busotts. fonncr a miller liv trade: they are the parents of live chil (ben: Polly. AVealthy, Ahi<rail, Axi.- and Hiram. "Our subject, who has always been a farmer, came to this county in March, INCn. and located on the farm on which he still resides. He has been township trustee; was formerly a member of the I. O. O. F. and was a Granger. Politically he is a Republican. -Mr. Chaffee married, April 20, 1838, Miss Maria 'Wilkerson. who was born in Cayuga County, N. Y., March 14, 1810. To this union have been born two children: Cornelius and George. Cornelius contracted disease in the army, from which he died, and George died at Danville. Ky. Cornelius married Sarah Salisbury, who died November 8. IST4, aged thirty years and eleven mouths; their .son. Lewis, married Ella Smith, born in Cayiiga County. N. Y., November 10, I SHO (they have one son. Harry, born March 21. 1883). Mi-.s! Chaffee, wife of oiu- sul)ject. is a daughter of "Cornelius and Elizabeth (Leighland | AVilkerson, of New Jersey and Pennsylvania, respectively, of whose children thi-ee are now living: Charles. Eliza Cunningham and iL-s. Chaffee. Oiu- subject and wife celebrated their golden wedding in 1883.

JAMES B. CLAEK, farmer, P. O. Pepublic. was born in Pleasant Town- >hip, this county, in 1853; son of William Clark, of Pleasant Township, this coimty. Our subject received a common school education and taught school several terms. He entered ujion his ciireer in life as a farmer, and as such liids fair to l)ecoine one of the re])res(>ntative agriculturists of the township. He was united in marriage. March 15. 1883. with Miss Ida llhoads. who was liorn in ISu'J. in Scipio Township, this county, daughter of Squire Joseph llhoads. now of Eden Township, this county". 'Sh: Clark came to Scipio Townshiji in 188:5 and located on the farm settled by his grandparents in an "-arly day.

JOHN L. COLE, attorney, Republic, was born in Clinton Township, Seneca County. Ohio. February 14. 1840. a son of Nathan Cole, of Bri.stol County, Mass.. a carpenter and farmer who came to this county in 183(). and died in 18 iT). aged eighty-nine years. Nathan Cole's first wife.' Polly French, left two daughters: Fanny (dec(>ased) and Polly (wife of Benjamin Dean, of Massachusetts). Nathan Cole's second wife. Abigal S. Sawyer, a daughter of Rev. Sawyer, was mother of six children : Nathan. Hiram. Henry. Simon, Sally and .\bigal (the two latter are deceased); and his thu-d wife, Maria (Walker) Longcoy, had two daughters by Mr. Longcoy: Charlotte, deceased wife of D. Decker, and Polly, deceased. By Mi-. Cole she has two chikken: Elsie, wife (jf Charles C. Fox. ami John L.. the subject of this sketch; she is still living. The Cole family are of English descent, and their ancestors were among the early settlers of Massachusetts. The subject of this sketch entered upoTi his coiuse in life as a teacher in the common schools, and later became i)rincii)al of the pul)lic school of Republic. Ohio, a position he held for tive years, spending a portion of thetiiiK^ in the .study of law. and aftenvard reading with Hon. E. Seney. He was admittetl to the bar in the fall of 18G2, and entered upon thi' ])ractice of his profession at Republic, and has since engaged in general law and real estate business. He owns a farm near Republi'c!, whicli is operated under his management. Mr. Cole has served as townshij) clerk eleven years, memljer of the school board eighteen years, and has held other minor towiisliip oflices. In jwlitics he is a Republican. Mr. Cole married. October It. 18/C>. Maria Platte, of Scijno Township, this county, a giaduate of Seneca (bounty Academy, and for three years ])rinci))al of Republic schmils. a daugh ter of Joel and Amanda (Norton) Platte, early settlers of this county and iv idents of Republic: she was born December S, 1S41. and is mother of two children: Ettie L., born Jamiarv o, IS 79. and Heath K.. born September 16. 1880.

ORANGE COOLEY. farmer. P. O. Republic, was born near Northampton. Mass.. July 19. 1811. son of Alvin and Elizabeth (Frazier) Cooley. natives of Massachusetts, who were man'ied October 10. 179<), and were the parents of the following named children: Betsey, Polly, Emily. Alvin and Orange. Alvin Cooley, Sr. , died January 29, 1827, and his widow a few years later. Our subject, the only siu'vivor of the family, was nearly nineteen years of age when he came with his parents to Seneca County, Ohio. He had but a few dollars at that time, but lay habits of industiy and economy has accumulated a large property. In 1S;!0 he purchased eighty acres of land from Joseph Chazey, who had entered it in 182(5, and has made all the improvements, having also placed it under a high state of cultivation. ]\Ii\ Cooley was married. November 20. 1834. to JVIary Pettys. born in New York. April 30. 1819, and who died Januaiy 15. 18/9, the mother of nine children: Hannah M. (deceased). Cyntha J. , Sereno S. , Edward, Elizabeth, Richard. Eliza. Viola and Charles. j\Ir. Cooley. who has always led an honorable life, enjoys the respect of the entire community. He joined the Presbyterian Church December 10, 1837. and has since served as trustee or elder in same most of the time. He assisted in building the first church in the township, and all those since erected but one. Politically he was originally a Whig, but in later years has been a Republican.

OBEDIAH CUIVDIINGS, farmer. P. O. Republic, was born in Scipio Township, this coimty, June 20. 1837. sou of Mathias and Phojbe (Booth) Cummings, natives of New England, who came to this county in about 1830; they were parents of two childr-en: Obediah and ]Mary (wife of J. A. Smith). Mathias and Phcebe Cummings had both been previously married. Our subject received the advantages of ii common school education, and in early life learned the carpenter's trade. Imt has made farming the principal occupation of his life. He is an active member of the Masonic fiaternity. In politics he is a stanch Republican. He was married. December 29. 1859. to Sarah Garhart. who was born in Crawford County. Ohio. August 23. 18-11. and by this union are four children: Clinton. Cora. Mattie and M>Ttie, latter deceased.

SYLVESTER CUNNINGHAM (deceased)" was born in Cortland County. N. Y., January 10, 1815, and came to this county in 1857, where he followed the occupation of a farmer, although a mason by trade. He was manned, September 3, 183(5, to Eliza AVilkerson, who siu'vives him. She was born in Cayiiga County, N. Y. , March 29. 1813. and is the mother of three children: Charles M. , in Osborne County, Kans. . manned to Jean Vernon, ilarch 1 5. 1 80(5. (have one son. Vernon E., born Januaiy 27. 1808): Helen J., wife of E. F. Beard, of Monroe County, Mich. : Elizabeth, liorn April 7. 18-14. married December 23. 1809, to Sidney J. Anway (son of John Anway), who was born February 15, 1841 (they have one son, Frank L.. born March 11. 1875). The .subject of this sketch was a man highly respected in the community. His death occurred May 30. 1883, and his loss was much felt by all who knew him. He was very active in pulslic affairs, serving his township at one time as trustee. He was a member of the ^Methodist Episcopal Church. Politically a ^N'hig. afterward a Republican. He belonged to Hildreth Lodge No. 105. F. & A. M. . Republic, Ohio.

S. S. DENTLER, farmer and merchant. P. O. Republic, was born near Gettysburg. Adams Co.. Penn.. March 23, 1834, son of George and Lena /Stover) Dentler, residents of Franklin County, Penn., and who are the par-

<uts of twelve chiklivu: Samuel S.. Lnciuda. John. Andrew J.. Joseph, Ciithanne. Louisa. Mehmla, George. James. Ann and Rebecca. Comma- to this county m 18.)+. our subject left it in Itsr.C. but returned in kS(i(» and'en-a",.,! ni farmnig. in connection with which occupation h(> has been a member i7f 'the

- '^'^\?^JY^\ ^''"""" '""''^ >u''">^ter. P. O. Kepublic. was born in Alexandria. D. C July -_>(), IblC. son of John and Mary (Kinsell) Duffv former sni.erintendent of the United States Arsenal, at Pittsburgh, to which place he was sent in 181 < with a division of men for the protection of th(< fi-ontier and where he and his wife died of yellow fever in IMS. H.' was a native of Ire land, his wife of Germany. B(>ing left an orphan at a very early a^e oiusubject was provided for l)y charitable people, and in ]S2(i was brouxrht to \\ ayne County. Ohio, by John Ewaldt. where he remained until 188'^ In 18;{() he ])urchased ^(l(» acres of land near Cardiiigton. Ohio, of which he was deprived, with all the improvements, after much litigation, by an alien's claim In 18-).) he settled near Attica. Ohio, and in 18(57 came to his present location where he piu-chased 182 acres of land. At eighteen years of acre he bec^an preaching in the Meth.xlist Ej.iscoi^al Church, and in 1844 becam"e a memt.er of the Pr.)testaut Methodist Church. He did regular itinerant work for more tlian tbirty years and l)ecame a most successful and plain minister He is active in educational and religious matters and in all the various enterprises f.jr the promotion of the welfare of the i>eople of the couutv. He se/ved one

IV'^t;"" J"''*"''' "^ *'''' "'"' '"^ -""''* !"''«''- '"^'^liiKlilv resi)ected citizen Mr. Dutty was twie(> married, on first occasion. September 24, 188'.t. in Lima Ohio, to Mary Wamsley. a Virginian, and daughter of Thomas M'anisley Bv this union were two children: Sarah E. (deceased wife of Philiii Prou'se- she left a family in Bloomville. this countyi. and Silas A. (died at seven veai-s of agcK Mrs. Duffy died March ;!. 1842. and Mr. Duffy then married. November 1,), 1842. SaraL A. Tilton. born in .Alonmouth County. X. J.. November 12. 1822, daughter of John and Sarah (Letts) Tilton. who' settled in Lickin.^ County, Ohio, in lS:r_'. where they died. By this union there were live chih dien: Leoiiidas. in Sci].io Township, this county; John H.. in Logan County Ohio; Jennie. wif<> of William Scott, in Madison County. Ohio; AVillie (deceas«>^l") and Sylvester on the homestead. '

M'. S. EASTMAN, farmer. P. O. Republic, was born (jii the farm wiiere he now resides, m Scipio Township. November 11. 1885, son of John W Eastman, who w^is l)orn in Middletown. Orange Co., N. Y., November 2C. ITUThe served as a substitute for his father in the Brilish senice during the war of 1812. whih' residing hi Canada, but eventually escaped into New York and later became lirst lieutenant in the Yates RiHe Battalion: "- he came to Seneca County. Ohio, in 1S81. and. in January, of the year followincr ,nu-. chased eighty acres of huid entered by Nathan Dix (in" Scipio Township) removing his family to the same November 12, 1883; in early days his ,)olit.ical views were Democratic, but later Republican; he took an "active part in all public affairs and accumulated a large property, owning over 400 acres of land at the time of his death, which occurred May 80. 1872; his wife. Cynthia Sjioouer, was born in Greene County, N. Y.. March (i. 1.S07. and .lied Decern' lier (). LS"),"); they were jiareiits of three children: Daniel W.. decea^-d: Marv E.. wife of Samuel B. Ink. of Tiffin: and William S. Our subject graduated from Hillsdedf College. Michigan, in the class of 18^4. and assisted in the elocutionary department while at college. In connection with his fanning interests he makes wool -gi'owing a specialty, being a memljer of the "-Wool Grower's Association" of Seneca County. Politically he is a Republican; religiously, a Free Baptist. November 30, 1804, Mr. Eastman was married to Miss Mary A. Russell, of Sanduskj- (bounty. Ohio, born April 7, 1S43. diiughter of Judge ^\'illiam S. Russell, of Fremont. Ohio. To this union were liorn Libbie and J. Russell.