Wayne Township (part 1 of 19)

Wayne Township

Wayne, numbered 13 in the list of townships, and oc- I cupying range 3, contains an area of five miles square, and is one of the seven townships forming the southern tier of Columbiana. Its boundaries are Centre township on the north, Washington on the south, Madison on the east, and Franklin on the west.

The west fork of Beaver Creek flows through the township from the northwest corner to the middle of the eastern boundary, and affords good water-power.

Coal-beds are plentiful, but the lack of railway facilities confines the value of the mineral to the limits of a small home consumption. The same reference may be made to deposits of limestone, fire-clay, iron- ore, sandstone, and flagstone. The latter, found in the Sloan flag quarry, upon the farm occupied by Mrs. Eliza McCord, is said to yield flagstones of a superior quality.

Wayne is a productive farming region, and is noted for its picturesque scenic endowments. High elevations dot the surface in every part, and from their summits views of a wide sweep of fertile hill and plain, relieved by woodland scenes, are presented in a particularly engaging form, was for some time a lonely settler in a howling wilderness, until, early in 1803, new-comers began to gather in the township. Among them wrere Adam Poe, father of the Indianfighting Poe family, who built his cabin near where Samuel Ewing now lives ; John T. Parker, who was the first justice of the peace in the township; James Hoge, a government surveyor; Patrick McKaig, the Thompsons, Armstrongs, Hutchinsons, Sheehans, and McLaughlins.

In 1804, Gideon Gaver settled the place known as the Gaver farm, where is now Gaver post-office; John Armstrong and William King, upon that part of Wayne now included in Franklin township. In 1805, James Figley occupied the place now owned by John Meister, and James Donaldson the farm upon which James, his son, resides.

John Fleming, who moved into Wayne in 1815, purchased the farm on section 9 entered by John T. Parker, and upon that farm his son John still lives. His nearest neighbors were Gideon Gaver, on the east, in section 10 ; Janies Donaldson, on the west; James Armstrong, on the north, upon section 4; and James Hoge, who, with Donaldson, lived on section 8.

Section 7, now in Franklin, but then in Wayne, was in 1804 settled by William King, who came in from Pennsylvania with his wife, two daughters, and three sons, John, Hugh, and Thomas. Besides entering other land, Patrick

McKaig entered section 7 with William King. When the latter settler located, there was no settler on the west between his place and the Tuscarawas River.

Wm. Grafton (who died in 1878, aged ninety-four), with his brother William, came in from Maryland, and settled, in 1813, upon land entered by one Leiper, upon section 14. Leiper owned a small tract of 22 acres, now owned by Rev. Robert Hayes, and situated in Wayne. This he sold to Geo. McLeest for a pair of ear-rings, McLeest, who was a dealer in jewelry, finding that method of payment much more to his liking than the disbursement of money.

One Starkey is said to have led the van in the matter of sturdy service at the forge, and was accounted a blacksmith of more than ordinary excellence and of marvelous physical strength.

An early settler was Capt. James Wormington, who died in Wayne at the age of one hundred and three, and who claimed that sixty years of his life had been passed upon the sea in the naval and merchant-marine services.

Gottleib Nothdurft and John Meister were time honored citizens, natives of France, and boasted of having fought under the first Napoleon, with whom, Meister related, he shared the terrors of the famous retreat from Moscow.

Many of the early settlers in Wayne were from Pennsylvania and Maryland, and were generally people of more than ordinary energy and thrift, while they were as a rule intelligent and warm advocates of religious worship, which they took speedy measures to secure for the settlement as soon as practicable. There were some, too, who belonged to the rougher class of backwoodsmen ; who prided themselves especially on their physical prowess ; were ambitious to be known as "scalp-lifters;" regarded civilization and its refinements as fit only for women ; always went attired in the traditional buckskin breeches, hunting-shirt, and skin cap, and were, in short, a wild aud boisterous band of freelances, who rejoiced in their freedom from conventionalities and in a roving existence.

Indians were plentiful, but not dangerous. They roamed about at will, and, although they were never troublesome, beyond being thieves and beggars, their presence was always attended with apprehensive fears among the settlers, and the atmosphere always seemed easier to breathe when the red -ski ns were not about.

Many stories are still extant of the superstitions prevalent among the early settlers, and of the ceremonies observed in warding off the evils which were foretold by persons claiming to be versed in the knowledge of dispelling the influences of witchcraft; but this superstitious belief, it is but justice to believe, obtained only among a few of the most ignorant, and never passed current among the intelligent members of the community.

Wild and savage animals roamed the forests in those days, and their prowlings and frequent ravages occasioned frequent and serious alarm to the settlers. The yell of the panther and the mournful howl of wolves were familiar sounds to the pioneer ear, and the protection at night of the household from the probable attack of the one, as well as special guarding of domestic animals from the approach of the other, exercised the watchful concern of the settler, and gave him no end of anxious fear. The last panther killed in the township was in 1832, - and hunting such and kindred animals had frequently engaged the attention of the bold backwoodsman, - wheu in a grand rally by a half-dozen hunters the beast fell by the hand of Daniel Lindesmith, a noted deer-slayer and an unerring rifle-shot. Deer-slaying was a favorite pastime, and bear-hunting much affected, while the pursuit of the venomous rattlesnake, although a dangerous sport, was a not uncommon pastime.

It is told that even as late as 1832, John McLeest owned the only cart in his neighborhood, and that he also owned the first wagon seen in the township. The calls upon him for the use of those articles were frequent from all sides, and left him but little opportunity to §erve with them his own needs. So also was it with the first grain-cradle brought into the township, and owned by William Grafton.

The farmers struggled hard and diligently to eke out a living, but that work in a new country is a slow and difficult process, and it is still a saying in Wayne that no sooner had a farmer paid his taxes for one year than he began directly to save all the money he could make to pay taxes for the next. Squire John T. Parker, of whom mention has already been made, performed, iu 1808, the first marriage ceremony known in Wayne, the parties married being Thomas Culbertson and Betsey Porter. Marriage ceremonies in those days were neither brilliant nor stylish affairs, but they were joyous occasions nevertheless, and, although the bridegroom might appear in shirt sleeves, barefoot, and with but one suspender supporting his pantaloons, and the bride in home-spun frock, they were happily content and with their friends made the time a jolly one.

Wayne sprang promptly to the rescue upon the outbreak of the war of 1812, and many of her best citizens gave their services in the conflict. It was during the progress of the war, when the people were keenly alive to alarms and apprehensions, that a rapidly-spread report of a threatened Indian incursion into the township caused feverish excitement and the rapid flight of many families to places of better security. The alarm proved happily a false one, and after a brief absence the refugees returned, but it was long before they settled into a peaceful conviction that the day of trouble was past.

The first justice of the peace, as has been noted, was John T. Parker, who was elected upon the organization of the township, and after him Patrick McKaig, chosen in 1809, Thomas Roseburg, in 1812, and John Shivers were the pioneer justices.

Wayne is a strictly temperance township, and in 1832 organized a temperance society, which was followed directly afterwards by the organization, at Bethel church, of a similar society. Such good fruit did these movements bear that since 1850 not a drop of liquor has been sold within the limits of the township, as goes the report.

Of the men who were born and reared in Wayne, Thus. J. McKaig, Wm. W. McKaig, Wm. Armstrong, and Jos. F. Williams, have served as State legislators; Clement V. Me-

Kaigand M. Travis entered the ministry; John Armstrong served as the treasurer of Columbiana County three consecutive terms; Wm. Armstrong was associate county judge; Hiram Oaver was county commissioner for ten years; Joshua S. Sloan probate judge and county treasurer in Iowa, his brother Robert judge of the court of common pleas, and Geo. J.-Luckey superintendent of public schools in Pittsburgh.

Organization

Wayne was organized in 1806, and included originally a territory of six miles square, embracing thirty-six sections. Upon the erection of Carroll County, in 1832, Wayne lost a row of sections to Washington on the south, and one to Franklin on the west, so that its area of territory is now included within twenty-five sections, measuring five miles square.

For the years 1807 to 1816 there arc no existing township records; from the latter date to 1879 they are, however, complete, and the list of township trustees, clerks, and treasurers who have served during that period is here given :

From an old record has been compiled the following list of voters in Wayne township in 1828: John McPherson, James Hoge, John Davis, James Sharp, David Scattergood, Robert Urquhart, Allen McLain, Alexander Hoey, James Johnston, Francis Russell, William Coburn, James Coburn, Samuel Hunter, James Hunter, Patrick McManus, Benjamin Scattergood, Thomas Patterson, Sr., Thomas Patterson, Jr., Samuel Grafton, William McClure, William Grafton,

Bethel Presbyterian Ciiurch

The first Presbyterian minister to perform stated labor in Wayne township was Rev. James Robertson, a graduate of St. Andrew's University, Edinburgh, Scotland, who began in 1818 to preach within the present bounds of the Bethel congregation. He preached two Sabbaths in each month, occupying a tent for public worship in the summer, and dwelling-houses in the winter. The tent was put up on a field now owned by Rev. Robert Hays, and then near where William Grafton lived. Mr. Robertson was an earnest, faithful worker, and labored with much success against such inconveniences as a want of church organization, extended journeys over bad roads, and a generally crude condition of civilization.

In 1821 a church organization was effected as a branch of the Yellow Creek congregation of Madison township. The early church records having been lost, a list of the original members is not obtainable, but it is known that Andrew Adams, Thomas Patterson, James Welch, and Richard Gilson were the ruling ciders chosen at the organization.

Directly upon that event, it was of course deemed necessary to have a house of worship, and, Thomas Patterson donating two acres of land for a grave-yard and church site, a double-hewed log house was, by the united efforts of

" Resolved, That the congregation of Yellow Creek he divided, and that that part of the congregation where the new meeting-house is built be known by the name of Bethel congregation, and that Rev. James Robertson be considered the stated pastor of that congregation."

The name of Bethel was originally chosen in honor of a church of that name in the Pittsburgh Presbytery, and Mr. Robertson, who was called, had all along been preaching for the congregation. He organized the church of Bethesda, in Franklin township, and until 1827 preached for that and Bethel congregation. The joint membership of the two churches was 202 in the year 1825, previous to which there had been spirited revivals and liberal accessions to the church membership. Mr. Robertson retired from the pastoral charge at Bethel in 1827, and, continuing his ministry elsewhere until 1848, retired from active life in that year, and in 1856 died, in the eightieth year of his age, at the house of his son-in-law, George Sloan, with whom he had passed his declining days. From 1827 to 1835 the church depended upon stated supplies and such as could be best obtained. Revs. John Cook, Thomas Hughes, Nims, Dunlap, Harper, John B. Graham, James Cahoon, and others occupied the pulpit to 1848, Mr. Graham having served as pastor for thirteen years. In 1843, Robert Travis and John McDonald were added to the eldership, which included also the four elders who were selected at the church organization in 1821. Following Mr. Graham, the preachers at Bethel were Revs. M. E. Johnson, who labored from 1848 to 1849, and Rev. Robert Hays, the present pastor, who was settled in 1850, and who for a period of thirty years has uninterruptedly served the congregation.

In 1852 the old church-building was succeeded by the substantial frame edifice now in use. In 1854, the church membership, which in 1850 was but 30, had risen to nearly 100. In that year, John Roley, Angus Noble, Richard Gilson, and Andrew S. McIntosh were added to the eldership; in 1865 the additions were Alexander McIntosh, Daniel Grafton, Daniel Rose, Hiram Nothdurft, Alexander Roley; and in 1871, William Gilson, John Nims, Thomas B. Patterson, and William T. Cameron. The church has now a membership of 230, and is exceedingly prosperous.

Lebanon United Presbyterian Church

Upon an application being made to the Monongahela Presbytery for one of their number to administer the Lord's Supper and organize an Associate Reformed congregation in Wayne township, Rev. James Brown was delegated, and Aug. 12, 1831, in a grove near Mrs. Fleming's house, in Wayne township, the organization of Lebanon congregation Associate Reformed church was formed. The Session consisted of Rev. James Brown as moderator, and Elders William Miller, John Homer, Isaac Buchanan, John Walker, and John Collins. The following persons were then admitted to communion : David McKinley, Charles and

Elizabeth Spence, James and Mary Jamison, Andrew Scott, John and Mary Black, Samuel McCoy, Alonzo and Mary McLain, Samuel and Jane Hunter, Abigail Fleming, Elizabeth and Mary Black. William and Harriet Armstrong, Elizabeth and Hannah McCoy, Anna, Elizabeth, and Anna Maria McMillan, Mr. and Mrs. William Bindsley, William Wallace, Margaret Bindsley, Margaret Patterson, Mrs. Mc- Coy. Aug. 15, 1831, James Jamison and William Armstrong were chosen elders. At the second communion, held at the house of the Widow Fleming, Thomas and Elizabeth McQuoid, John and Margaret Bindsley, and William and Jean Robertson were admitted to membership.

The first preachers were Rev. James Brown and James Walker, and the first called pastor Rev. John Donaldson. William Bindsley was chosen an elder in 1838, and in 1812 the additions were John Young and John McMillan.

The second stated pastor was Rev. Wm. II. Jamison, and after him Revs. James Golden, I. N. White, and H. H. Brownlee, the latter being in charge June, 1879, when the membership was GO.

Preaching was for some time held in a grove and at M rs. Fleming's house, until the erection of a small frame church, near the site of the present edifice, which was erected in 1858. The present elders are John McMillan, Robert McQuoid, D. D. McIntosh, Samuel Ewing.

Pleasant Grove Methodist Episcopal Church

In 1837, Joseph Paxton, a blacksmith of Elk Run township, began to preach occasionally at the house of Thomas Cross, in Wayne township, to a company of people who worshiped as members of the United Brethren church. Cross lived north of John Fleming's, where John Patterson now resides. Paxton, Alexander Biddle, and others preached at Cross' house about two years, and then changed the place of worship to the house of Peter Coss, who lived upon the place now occupied by John Rule. Isaac Crubaugh was the first class-leader of the United Brethren organization, which, not long after the transfer to the house of Peter Coss, was reorganized as a Methodist Episcopal congregation, with Peter Coss as class-leader. A log church was built upon the latter's farm, and there services were held until 1848, when the present church-building was put up. Latterly the congregation has not met for worship at the church, save at irregular and lengthened periods, owing to the difficulty of obtaining preachers in a circuit (the Hanover) already taxing to its utmost the powers of the preachers assigned thereto.

The present trustees are John McGeehan, David Mc- Devitt, Samuel Williams, Wm. Patterson, and Wm. Mc- Gaffick. The last class-leader was Harrison Benson.

The first Methodist Episcopal preaching in Wayne was held m 1825, at the house of Gideon Gaver, now occupied by Joseph Bindsley. There was preaching there every fortnight until about 1840, when the members of the congregation generally joined the Pleasant Grove congregation.

Schools were properly regarded as necessaries, and soon after settlers began to multiply measures were taken to look after the education of the young.

The first teachers were McClurg, Hugh Lee, David Hoit, and David McDonald ; after whom came Hugh Reid, Wm. Dunn, Joseph Hunter, Erastus Lee, a deaf man, and Jessie Robertson. Mr. Lee was noted as an excellent teacher and a wonderfully accomplished penman. A famous school-teacher was " old man Powell," a whitehaired, white-bearded old man, who taught in 1827. Besides his duties as pedagogue, he followed also the business of making walking-sticks, which he supplied in considerable numbers to his aged neighbors.

Wayne now enjoys liberal educational advantages, and six district schools provide for the rising generation an abundant fund of preliminary education.

Post-Offices

Gaver and West Beaver are the two post-offices in the township. At the first named, Robert L. Fleming was the first postmaster, and after him officiated Samuel Ewing, George Elliott, Wm. 0. McCord, and Jas. Trunick.

The post-office at West Beaver was established in 1849, when Wm. Phillips was appointed postmaster, after whom the appointees were David McLean, John Robinson (1853 to 1861,) Robert Morrow, and John Robinson (present incumbent, second term), from 1863 to this time, and still in office.

The first burial-ground laid out for public use was the one now adjacent to Bethel church, for which Thomas Patterson gave the land in 1821. The first white person who died in the township was James Armstrong, who, in 1807, lost his life by a congestive chill, consequent upon a bath in the creek.

A solitary grave, marked now by a clump of bushes, near where the first township school-house stood, is where John Roley buried a child in 1820. The land has been plowed times without number, but that spot has remained undisturbed all these years.

The first person buried in Bethel church-yard was one McCartney, a crazy man, who after a roaming existence of careless freedom, died in the confinement which his symptoms of violence demanded.

Justices Of The Peace

The justices of the peace who have served in Wayne from the organization to the present time, 1879, have been John T. Parker, Patrick McKaig, Thomas Roseburg, John Shivers, Isaac Morgan, James McCord, John Robinson, Samuel Ewing, and David W. Todd.

Wayne has within its limits no villages, although there are two postal stations, known as Gavers and West Beaver. Gavers, named in honor of Gideon Gaver, an early settler, has a store, but with that its semblance to a village ceases, since the neighboring dwellings are all farm-houses.

Grosser, Benj. R., son of Adam and Margaret (Roach) Grosser, b. Carroll Co., Ohio, s. Wayne, 1854, Farmer and Carpenter, p. o. add. Millport. Crumbley, Josias, son of Wm. and Mary (Druggan) Crumbley, b. Allegheny Co., Pa., 1831, s. Wayne, 1831, Farmer, p. o. add. Salineville.

Wayne Tp. 1840, Farming and Stock-Growing, p. o. add. Salineville. Peden, James, son of Wm. and Mary (Dennis) Peden, b. Washington Co., Pa., s.

Ruhl, John C., son of Jeremiah and Mary (Cruser) Ruhl, b. WestTp., Columbiana Co., 1830, s. Wayne, 1875, Farmer and Stock-Grower, p. o. add. Gavers. Stewart, Thomas D., son of James and Sarah (Robinson) Stewart, 1). Hancock Co., West Va., s. Wayne, 1823, Farmer, p. o. add. West Beaver.

Yellow Creek Tp. And Wellsville

Andrews, Thomas R., son of Joseph and Dinah (Elliott) Andrews, b. Ashland Co., Ohio, 1844, s. Wellsville, 1859, Bookkeeper, Bridge and Building, C.

1834, Proprietor Restaurant and Eating Saloon, p. o. add. Wellsville. Creighton, Mary C., daughter of Henry and Catharine (Boyce) Creighton, b. Columbiana Co. 1854, p. o. add. Wellsville.

Davidson, Kenneth F., son of David and Margaret (Frazer) Davidson, b. Twinsburg, Ohio, 1833, s. Wellsville, 1835, Foreman of Paint-Shop of C. & P. R. R. Co., p. o. add. Wellsville.

Fisher, Samuel L., son of George F. and Mary (Havens) Fisher, b. Norwich, England, 1821, s. Wellsville, 1859, General Merchant, p. o. add. Wellsville. Fogo, Jr., Wallace, son of Wallace and Harriet (Walker) Fogo, b. Columbiana Co. 1849, Machinist C. & P. R. R. Shops, p. o. add. Wellsville.

Frasier, William 0., son of Daniel and Euplienia (Oglevie) Frasier, b. Columbiana Co. 1834, s. Wellsville, 1873, Proprietor Planing-Mill, Sash- and Door-Factory, p. o. add. Wellsville.

Forbes, John, son of Alexander and Christina (McGillivray) Forbes, b. Scotland, 1825, s. Columbiana Co. 1829, Farmer, p. o. add. Wellsville.

Harper, David II., son of James and Elizabeth (Hay) Harper, b. Beaver Co., Pa., 1832, s. Wellsville, 1865, Painter C. & P. R. R. Co., p. o. add. Wellsville. Jenkins, John M., son of Joseph and Sarah (Dungan) Jenkins, b. Beaver Co., Pa., 1795, s. Wellsville, 1824, Attorn ey-at-Law, p. o. add. Wellsville.

Kelly, Thomas II. B., son of Daniel and Mary (Wilcox) Kelly, b. Columbiana, 1841, Stationary Engineer C. A P. R. R. Co. Shops, p. o. add. Wellsville. Malone, Elemelic, son of David R. (Oliver) Malone, b. Columbiana Co. 1820, Carpenter C. & P. R. R. Co. Shops, p. o. add. Wellsville.

Menough, John W., son of William and Mary (Ramsey) Menougli, b. Columbiana Co. 1839, Foreman C. & P. R. It. Co. Shops, p. o. add. Wellsville. Martin, James, son of Robert and Agnes (Huston) Martin, b. Penn Valley, Pa.,

0., 1841, s. Wellsville, 1869, Superintendent of Schools, p. o. add. Wellsville. McGregor, Giles, son of John and Margaret (McBane) McGregor, b. New York City, 1828, s. Wellsville, 1848, Proprietor Steam Saw and Planing Mill, p. o. add. Wellsville.

Co., Pa., 1826, s. Columbiana Co. 1848, Farmer, p. o. add. Wellsville. McBane, James, son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Noble) McBane, b. Columbiana Co. 1835, Farmer, p. o. add. Wellsville.

Pearson, William, son of William and Dorothy (Henderson) Pearson, b. Yorkshire, England, 1843, s. Wellsville, 1860, Clerk P. and C. R. R. Co., p. o. add. Wellsville.

Stevenson, Samuel, son of James and Hannah (Gervin) Stevenson, b. Philadelphia, 1828, s. Wellsville, 1840, Proprietor Foundry and Machine Shop, p. o. add. Wellsville.

Smith, Philip N., son of William C. and Jennie (Bailey) Smith, b. Columbiana Co. 1852, s. Wellsville, 1878, Attorney-at-Law, p. o. add. Wellsville.

Sheets, Frederick, son of Christian and Nancy (Lozier) Sheets, b. Columbiana Co. 1837, s. Wellsville, 1866, Photographer, p. o. add. Wellsville.

Taylor, Elias S., son of Elias C. and Betsey (Bagg) Taylor, )>. West Springfield, Mass., 1826, s. Wellsville, 1854, Bridge-builder, p. o. add. Wellsville.

White, Philip, son of William and Elizabeth (Kolpfgen) White, b. Prussia, 1829, 8. Wellsville, 1872, Assistant Master Mechanic, p. o. add. Wellsville.

Wooster, William M., son of John C. and Margary (Williams) Wooster, b. Jefferson Co., 0., 1839, s. Wellsville, 1866, Superintendent Gas Company, p. o. add. Wellsville.

Williams, Basil E., son of Abraham and Mary (Beck) Williams, b. Washington Co., Pa., 1828, s. Columbiana Co. 1874, Liveryman, p. o. add. Wellsville.

Young, P. ('., son of David and Susannah C. (Cleaver)t Young, b. Columbiana Co. 1848, s. Wellsville, 1875, Attorney-at-Law, p. o. add. Wellsville.

County

Elser, Solomon, son of Jacob and Margaret (Greenamyer) Elser, b. Springfield Tp. 1832, s. Beaver, 1849, Farmer and J. P., p. o. add. North Lima.

Frederick, Lyman, son of Z. M. I', and Mary (Betz) Frederick, b. New Lisbon, 1847, s. Beaver, 1875, Farmer and Teacher, p. o. add. E. Lewistown.

Greenamyer, Jacob, son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Monasmith) Greenamyer, b Milton Tp., Mahoning Co., 1832, s. Beaver, 1830, Farmer, p. o. add. East Lewistown.

Hilbish, Henry, son of Henry and Elizabeth (Kreller) Hilbisli, b. Freeburg, Snyder Co., Pa., 1836, s. Beaver Tp. 1870, Pastor Reformed Church, p. o. add. North Lima.

Bruff, Joseph, son of James B. and Sarah (Morris) Bruff, b. Damascus, 1827, Farmer, Conveyancer, and Notary Public, p. o. add. Damascovillo.

Blackburn, Josiali H., son of Thomas J. and Anna (Fenton) Blackburn, b. Clearfield Co., Pa., 1841, s. Green Tp. 1855, Flour Merchant, p. o. add. Greenford.

Hendricks, Henry, son of Wm. and Catharine (Detwiler) Hendricks, b. Westmoreland Co., Pa., 1819, s. Columbiana Co. 1823, Farmer, p. o. add. Greenford.

Lewis, John H., son of Jesse and Susannah (Sperry) Lewis, b. Montgomery Co., Pa., 1814, s. Columbiana Co. 1841, Attorney-at-Law, p. o. add. Greenport.

Stoffer, John B., son of Jacob and Susan Stoffer, b. Franklin Co., Pa., 1812, s. Columbiana Co. 1832, Merchant, p. o. add. Wasliingtonville.

Weikert, Jacob, son of Peter and Fanny (Smith) Weikert, b. Adams Co., Pa., 1791, s. Columbiana Co. 1823, Retired Farmer, p. o. add. Greenford.

Walters, Henry, son of John and Catharine (Stombaugh) Walters, b. Adams Co., Pa., 1811, s. Columbiana Co. 1818, Farmer, p. o. add. Wasliingtonville.

Ward, T. B., son of Peter and Amy (Galbraith) Ward, b. Abbeville Dist., S. Carolina, 1815, s. Columbiana Co. 1818, Farmer, p. o. add. Salem.

Atkinson, William, son of George and Elizabeth (Moore) Atkinson, b. Salem, Columbiana Co., s. Smith Tp. 1859, Farmer and Stock Dealer, p. o. add. Boswell.

Springfield Tp., Mahoning Co

Dressel, Gottleib, son of John Martin and Anna (Raith) Dressel, b. Wurtemberg, Ger., 1817, s. Springfield, 1866, Farmer, p. o. add. Petersburg.

Floor, R. Lee, son of Jacob and Agnes (Sclieaffer) Floor, b. Berlin Tp., 1853, s. Springfield, 1868, Physician and Surgeon, p. o. add. New Middleton.

Kurtz, Jacob H., son of Henry and Catherine (Loher) Kurtz, b. Stark Co., Ohio, 1837, s. Springfield, 1842, Farmer arid Minister, p. o. add. Poland.

Kneasel, John G., son of Andrew and Barbara (Schwartz) Kneasel, b. Germany, 1825, s. Springfield, 1832, Hotel Keeper and Farmer, p. o. add. Petersburg.

Swisher, James P., son of John K. and Martha (McClure) Swisher, b. Beaver Co., Pa., 1828, s. Springfield, 1828, Insurance Agent, p. o. add. Petersburg.

Smith, George J., son of Yalentine and Catharine (Johnson) Smith, b. Springfield Tp. 1838, Dealer in Merchandise and Drugs, p. o. add. New Middleton.

Shearer, Samuel J.,son of Jacob R. and Rebecca (Jacobs) Shearer, b. Columbiana Co. 1836, s. Springfield, 1869, Merchant and Distiller, p. o. add. New Springfield.

Warner, R. Elton, son of S. S. and Emiline (Howe) Warner, b. Schenectady Co. 1851, s. Springfield, 1877, Physician and Surgeon, p. o. add. New Springfield.

Welker, John, son of Philip and Catharine (Piper) Welker, b. Cumberland Co., Pa., 1809, s. Springfield, 1842, Hotel and Farmer, p. o. add. New Middleton.

Wright, R. N., son of Samuel and Sarah S. (Wisner) Wright, b. Stark Co., Ohio, 1848, s. Springfield, 1878, Plow Manufacturer and Foundry, p. o. add. New Springfield.

Zuller, Louis, son of Randall and Barbara (Mollo) Zuller, b. Bavaria, 1824, s. Springfield, 1844, Proprietor of Hotel and Farmer, p. o. add. Petersburg.

Source changes here: from History of Columbiana County, Ohio and Representative Citizens, by McCord, William B., B, published 1905; 286,714 words in this source stream.

Wayne Township

Adjoins Center township on the south, and, containing but 25 sections, is only five miles square. The west fork of Beaver Creek flows through the township from the northwest corner to the middle of the eastern boundary, and in the early milling days it furnished good water power. Coal licds are abundant throughout the township, but the lack of railway shipping facilities lias largely prevented their development, except in a small way for home consumption. Limestone, fire-clay, iron ore. sandstone and flag-stone also abound, but the same absence of incentive toward development . as in the case of coal has been true of these 1 natural products. The land of the township is j highly productive, and a somewhat rugged | landscape outline renders the scenery very picturesque.

Aaron Hull, it is claimed, was the first white inhabitant of Wayne township. lie lo- "j cated in 1802 on section 16, and it was not until the following year that other settlers began to enter. Then Adam Toe. father of the Indian-fighting Foes: John T. Parker, who was the first justice of the peace in the township: James lloge. Patrick McKaig. the Thompsons, Armstrongs, Ilutehinsons. Shcehans and the McLaughlins, settled within the bounds of Wavne township. In 1N04 Gideon Caver settled on a farm where later the Cavers ! post office was located: John Armstrong and William King located on that part of W ayne township which was later included in Franklin. In 1805 James Figley and James Donaldson took up land in the township. Section 7, which is now a part of Franklin township, was in 1^04 settled by William King, who came with his wife, two daughters and three sons. John. Hugh, and Thomas. After having entered other land, Patrick McKaig entered a part of section 7. When William King settled, it is declared there was not another settler on the west between his place and the Tuscarawas River. John Fleming, who settled in Wayne in 18 1 5, purchased the farm on section 9, entered by John T. Parker. His nearest neighbors were Gideon Caver, on the east, on section 10; James Donaldson on the west. James Armstrong on the north, on section 4, and James l loge. who witj' Donaldson had located on section 8. William Grafton ( who died in 1878, aged 0.4 >- with his brother William, settled, in 1813, on section 14, laud that had been entered by one I.ciper. Ensign's history, published in 1879. says: "Leiper owned a small tract of 22 acres, now owned by Rev. Robert Hays, and situated in Wayne township. This be sold to George McLcest for a pair of earrings, McLeest, who was a dealer in jewelry, finding that method of payment more to his liking than the disbursement of money. Soon after the Graf tons, came the Pattersons, Mc- Cords. Morgans, Desellems and McMillins. An early settler was Capt. James Wormington. who died at the age of 103, and who claimed that 60 years of his life had been passed on the sea. Gottlieb Northdurft and John Meister, natives of France, who were among the pioneers of Wayne township, boastetl of having fought with the first Najioleon. Meister declaring that he had been in the retreat from Moscow.

It is related thai as late as 183-' John McLeest owned the only cart in his neighborhood, and that he also owned the first wagon ever brought into the township. William Grafton owned the first grain cradle to be brought into the township, and for the time it was an article greatly in demand.

Wayne was early known as a "dry" township, the temiKTrance sentiment always being strong within its l>or<lers. A township temperance society was early organized and about the same lime one was formed also in connection with Itethel Presbyterian Church.

Wayne township was organized in i8otl The first justice of the peacee. as has been 1 noted, was John T. Parker, who was elected upon the organization of the township. Patrick- McKaig was elected in 1809 and Thomas Rosehurg in 181.'. The first tax levy

And Representative Citizens

Wayne is strictly a rural township, there l>eiug n<> towns or villages within its boundaries. Prior, however, to the days of rural free delivery. Cavers and W est Heaver were post offices.

Bctliel Presbyterian v hureh was organized in i8_m, as a branch of the Yellow (J reck congregation of Madison township. Rev. James Rolx-rtson had preached as early as 18 18 w ithin the hounds of what was afterwards Bethel congregation in Wayne township. He conducted public service twice a month, occupying a tent in summer and holding meetings in winter in the homes of the people. The tent was at the first erected in a field on the place afterward owned by Rev. Robert Hays and later near where William Grafton lived. Andrew Adams. Thomas Patterson. James Welch and Richard Gilson were chosen elders at the organization. Soon after the organization, in iXj 1, Thomas Patterson gave two acres of land as a site tor a church ami graveyard, and a liewed-log house of worship was lniilt upon the site occupied up to 1905 by Bethel Church. On Octo- Ih.t 22. 1823. by resolution of the presbytery, the Yellow Creek congregation was divided, and it was ordered that that portion of the congregation where the new meeting house was built "l>e known by the name of Bethel congregation, and that Rev. James Robertson be considered the pastor of that congregation.*' Rev. Mr. Roliertson was also instrumental in organizing the Bethesda Presbyterian congregation, in Franklin township, and until l8_*7 preached to both that and Bethel congregations. In 1825 the joint memWrship of the two churches was 202. Previous to that time there had been revivals in both these churches, and there were large accessions to the membership. From ]8_7 to 1835 the church depended upon stated supplies for the ministrations of the Gospel. Revs. John took. Thomas. Hughes, Nims, Dunlap. Harper, John B. Graham. James Cah.xm and other-. . 0- cupied Bethel pulpit until 1848, Rev. Mr. (iraham having served for 13 years. In 1843 Robert Travis and John McDonald were chosen as additional members of the church session. Following Rev. Mr. (iraham. the pastors at Bethel were: Revs. M. E. Johnson, who labored from 1848 to 184c;; Robert Hays, who was pastor for 33 vears. from 1850 to 1 8X3; C. S. McClellan. from 1883 to '1889. T. J. Gray, from 1890 to 1902: and H. C. Foster, from 190J to 1905. The elders in 1905 were: J. C. Hays, D. Robinson, T. P. Mckenzie. R. C. Grafton and W. A. Robinson. In 185J the old church building was" succeeded by the large and substantial frame edifice still in use in 1905.

The meeting was held in a grove near the home of Mrs. Fleming and was presided over by Rev. James Brown. From this lx.'ginning grew the Lebanon United Presbyterian Church. At the meeting for organization, William Milter. John Homer, Isaac Buchanan. John Walker and John Collins were elected ciders. On August 15, 1 83 1, John Jamison and William Armstrong were chosen additional elders. The first ministerial supplies were Revs. James Brown and James Walker, the rirst settled pastor being' Rev. John Donaldson. The second stated pastor was Rev. William H. Jamison, and succeeding him. among others, were: Revs. James Golden. I. X. White. II. H. Brownlee, R. B. Harsha. M. B. Patterson. J. W. Best and W. J. Stewart, who was the pastor in 1905. The house of worship still in me in 1 005 was erected in 1858.

The appended sketch of the Pleasant Grove Methodist Episcopal Church is taken from Ensign's "History of Columbiana County." "In 1837 Joseph Paxton, a blacksmith of Klkrmi township, ltegan to preach occasionally at the house of Thomas Cross, in Wayne township, to a company of people who worshiped as Cuited Brethren adherents. Paxton. Alexander Biddle and others preached at Cross' house alxmt tw'o years, and then changed the place of worship to the house of Peter Coss. who lived .111 the place afterward occupied by John

Rule. Isaac Crul>augh was the first class leader of the United Brethren organization, which, not long after the transfer to the house of Peter Coss, was reorganized as a Methodist Episcopal congregation, with Peter Coss as class leader. A log church was built on the latter's farm, and there services were held until 1X48, when the present church huilding was put up. Latterly the congregation has not met for worship at the church, save at irregular and lengthened |>eriods, owing to the difficulty of obtaining preachers." The first Methodist Kpiscopal preaching in Wayne township was in 1825, at the house of Gideon Gaver. There was preaching there every fortnight until alwut 1848. when the members of the congregation generally joined the Pleasant Grove congregation.

Yellow Creek township is not vast in exi tent, but it is rich in native Iwauty and his- ] toric association. It adjoins Liverpool to the ] southwest on the Ohio River, is very irregular in shape and contains but 23 sections, it re- | ceives its name front the two streams which penetrate portions of its territory - Hig Yellow Creek, which empties into the Ohio across the birder in Jefferson County, ami Little Yellow Creek, which has its outlet in the eastern portion of VYellsville. Its surface furnishes a diversity of rugged hill, fertile vale and rich ' alluvial bottom land along river ami creeks, ] which render it one of the natural garden ; spots of the county. Moreover the mineral I products of the township, consisting of coal, I fire-clay, limestone and sandstone, with here and there strong indications and some realization of oil, gas and salt, are among its natural resources which have attractetl attention from the earliest days. These have Itecn referred to in detail in other chapters in this work. The township was organized in 18155, and originally jkisscssed a row of townships on its southern Itorder which, in the changes brought about at j the time of the organization of Carroll County. 1 were set off to Jefferson. The land now inj eluded in the township was surveyed under l government authority, in connection with a ; number of other tracts, by Robert Johnston. : prior to 1788. Johnston was to receive 56 per i day for his services, and at the government sale j of'ohio lands, held in New York in 1788, he took some of the lands in payment of his account, which amounted to $000; and an old j history says "he received about 30 townships in ! payment thereof, at the rate of hxj acres for .So." In 18175 J-'tmcs Clark, of Washington County, Pennsylvania, purchased of Johnston, 1 at S6 per acre, 304 acres, upon which the town ! of Wellsville is now Incited. About that time Richard Vaughn and George Clark "squatted" upon a part of James Clark's purchase and built the first log cabin in the township (on ; what was later known as Sugar street. Wellsville). In i~</> Clark transferred this land to his vm-in-law, Williams Wells. At that time Mr. Wells lived in Washington County. Penn- -ylvania, and in the spring of 17^.7 he took pos- session of his property on the Ohio. George C lark, who had "squatted" on a portion of the land it is saitl about 179O for some reason killed an Indian, and fearing vengeance upon himself and family, he moved across the river and located temporarily in Virginia. He afterward returned and located in Jefferson County, four miles west of Wellsville, and represented his county for several years in the Ohio Legislature. After William W ells had taken possession of |iis land, he lived for some time in a blockhouse which stood where the Arluickle (afterward A. P. Howard's) home was located, on the Virginia side of the river. Thence with his oldest son James, then nine years old, he would crass the river in the mornings in a canoe, work his farm through the day, and return t>> his family in the block -house at night. Other early settlers in this part of the township were James Watson and George Hill, the latter of whom was the father of iS children. Neither Hill nor Watson remained long on their land, but soon sold their holdings and went to other parts. Jacob Nessly. of Virginia, was among the early purchasers of land on Yellow Creek, and Nathaniel Meyers settled in 1798. About that time Kol)ert Martin became a settler on a farm bought by Richard Vaughn.

A small portion of what is known as the "Scotch Settlement." which has lieen mentioned at some length in another chapter, was in Yellow Creek township. On this portion the early settlers were Andrew Mcl'hersoti (who lived to \xs tyi) years old). Alexander McUane and McLean "the Prophet." McLean was a Covenanter, ami by the exercise of his energies as an cxhorter it is related he "managed to divide the memlicrs of the 'Scotch Settlement' upon religious questions, and for a time the Covenanters and Presbyterians were stirred up by dissensions, the Presbyterians having the benefit of the religious teachings of Rev. Mr. Hughes." Andrew Smith, who was a justice of the peace, lived on the line lietwcen Yellow ( reek and Madison. He was also a school teacher, and tnight in a log sclumlhouse on Little Yellow Creek. "Pig Hilly" Mcintosh was an early settler, and was famous as a lighter. Daniel

Svvearingcn purchased considerable land in the township, and gave a tract to each of several sons. Abel Geer, an early settler, was known as the "cropped-eared Yankee." He lost one of his ears, it is said, in Connecticut, under a law of that State requiring a man's ear as the penalty for a certain misdeed.

The Founder Of Wellsville

W illiam Wells, on July 15. 1797, received a commission as justice of the peace signed by "Arthur St. Clair, governor and commanderin-chief of the territory northwest of the Ohio." Daniel T. I^awson. a pioneer citizen of Wellsville - -still living in 1905 at the age of 87 - in 1873 wrote a sketch of the early days of Wellsville from which a paragraph is quoted: "William Wells lived to see the town which l>ears his name enjoy a large and growing trade. He died in April. 1852. leaving a large number of descendants. For a number of years he lived in a log house that stood near the old stone mansion erected by him. and but recently torn down. He was a member of the justices' court that tried the lad Cartienter for the murder of the Indian chief. White Lyes, at West Point, about eight miles north of Wellsville. ; White Eyes, a Delaware chief, was a scholar, ' educated by the government. He understood Hebrew. Greek and Latin, and intended living with the whites: but some time after receiving his education he attended a dance at Georgetown, I ). ('.. at which he acquitted himself with extraordinary agility, which caused one of the ladies present to remark. 'Just see that yellow dog. Why. he is the best dancer in the room!' Overhearing this left-handed compliment, he felt insulted, and determined to rejoin his trilic, saying he "would rather be a chief with his own people than a yellow dog among the whites.' The trial of the Carpenter lad took place while Mr. Wells resided in the blockhouse At this time, and for many years after, he went to Georgetown, Pennsylvania, to get his bl icksmithing, and to Cross Creek. ab'Ut 1 j miles from the river, to get his milling done. He took his grain in a canoe to the mouth of

Harmon', Creek, where the ' Panhandle' Railroad now crosses the river, there ferried his horses over, and thence packed it to and from the mill, in all a distance of alxait 64 miles. He made many trips over the mountains with pack-horses to Winchester. Virginia, taking with him cargoes of ginseng, and bringing liack salt, which sold sometimes a- high as Sid per bushel."

W. S. 1'otts. in an article in the "History id the Upper Ohio \ alley." relates the following: "Shortly after Mr. Wells had l>een commissioned as justice, a great feud had broken out l>etween two of the early settlers. Mutual friends on l>>th sides had sought the counsel and advice of the peace-loving justice, who had done all in his power to bring al>out an amicable adjustment, but all to no purpose. Preparations were accordingly made for a grand trial before the justice, A day was appointed. Witnesses were summoned, and all the county, it seemed, at the pro|KT time, had come together to hear the trial, Things looked unfavorable, but an unexpected turn of fortune was at bawl. The season was far advanced. A light snow had fallen during the night preceding the day set for the trial, by means of which a person attending the -nit. ;>"d who had come across the hills of liig Yellow Creek, reported that he had observed fresh bear tracks 111 the snow on his way to court that morning, and added that he believed the bear could be treed without much trouble. * >n this information being communicated, it was immediately proposed thai the lawsuit be turned into a bear hunt This projx isition was too great a temptation for the company to resist. The proposition was no sooner made than carried, as if by assault, and all hands immediately started in pursuit of 1 ruin They retraced the man s tracks and followed the bear in his wandering, to a hollow tree on McQueen's Run. The tree was cut flown, and three fat bears secured, as the result of their day's lalior. And now all the parties -"eturned to the primitive temple of justice, 'tut the flay was far spent, and in JkmIv appeared to he in the proj>cr mood for enjoying a lawsuit. It was therefore promised that the ditiiculty l»e made up, and (he proposition for the first time met with favorable consideration by the |>arties interested, it was not .the day of temperance pledges, n. r yet of strychnine whisky; but a liottlc of good old rye. manufactured by an honest man at a ncighlmring distillery was brought out and freely circulated from hand to hand and from mouth to mouth. The litigating parties were introduced, and cordially shook each other by the hand, and all the parties dispersed, well pleased, to their respective homes, and the suit, though it might afterwards have l>een thought of. remains in statu quo to this day. And thus pleasantly ended one of the tirst lawsuits lie fore one of the first justices in Ohio."

James Wells, the son of William Wells, after he l>ecame a man, followed the river for some years, and then until late in life, he farmed a portion of his laud. He lived to be aliout 94 years of age. Alexander, another stin, was a merchant, and was still living and quite active at the age of 95. in the year 1905.

The tirst store in Wellsville was kept - from 1814 to 1 K 1 9 - by San ford C. Hill, afterward a prominent citizen of Fast Liverpool, and father of Col. H. R. Hill, for many years a leading attorney at the Columbiana County

, McDonald, and the tirst tavern by Jonathan Whitacre, That was in the year iJsoo. and it was located on the line of the old State road l now Third street ). The first blacksmith shop in the township, and the second one in the county, was that of John Robbins. ami stiMxl on Rolvert I^obbins' farm. The first blacksmith in Wellsville was J a red Long, whose shop was at the east end of town.

ping point. There was during almost all the time between 1X32 and 1852 - before the days <>f railroad* - a daily line of packets plying to Pittsburg, and after 1834 a daily stage connection with l;air|>ort, on Lake Erie. And the W'ellsville Patriot, of January 2, 184*;, contains a card announcing the arrival and de|wrture of the steamers in the Pittsburg and Wheeling daily line, viz.: the "James Nelson."' "Consul" and "St. Anthony," and of the Bridgeport and Sunrish packet "W'ellsville." The same paper contains the advertising cards of 11. & S. Cope, saddlery, harness, etc.; J. M. Jenkins, attorney-at daw; Fulton Foundry & Machine Works of Phillip F. Ceisse; W. Wells, dry goods; A. Rogers & Company, wagon and carriage-makers ; t icorgt marble-yard; Walker & Kirker. drug-store: (jeissc & Fogo. new warehouse; and the professional cards of the following physicians: Drs. Mackenzie & Buchanan: I Stephenson. J. H. Hill. W. S. Mackintosh and (',. W. l.uty. Dr. N. K. Mackenzie, who is the fust mentioned in the foregoing list, represented his senatorial district in the Ohio State Senate for two terms, and, in '9o5 vvas ^till living, though quite feeble, having retired from practice but a few years previous herald the dawn of tomorrow (the Fourth), we take pleasure in stating, is the work of the operatives in the Fulton Foundry it Machine Works of our enterprising fellow-townsman. P. F. Ceisse. F.stj. The gun is four feet long, 1 1 inches across the breech, with a 3-inch bore. It was constructed expressly for the occasion, Mr. Ceisse furnishing gratuitously the requisite machinery, tools, etc.. and hi* employee* giving their time and ialxir. free of charge, while the material was furnished by the contributing citizens." This "big gun" was used on similar occasions tor many years afterward. At the Fourth of July celebration referred to, John S. Bleakly read the Declaration of Independence and addresses were made by "Revs. Messrs. Sears and Kmlsley and Mr. Ogle; there were odes sung, and m the evening a musical entertainment."'

The publisher of the W'ellsville Patriot, William L. Clarke, was even thus early suspecled of sympathizing with those who would disrupt the l.'nion. And so, as though he would "straddle" the entire subject of politics, at least until he might decide u|n.n which side of the fence he had lietter alight, he printed at the head of Ins editorial column all of the four presidential tickets nominated in i8*>o. as follows :

The v ote for I 'resident in Columbiana County at that memorable election of i860 was: Lincoln. 3.840; Douglas, 2.132: Breckinridge, 307: Bell. u.i 3. So that, in a total vote of 6.388. Lincoln received a majority over all the other candidates of 1.304.

Wcllsville has always had solid financial institutions, since the first of the kind in the town's history, in 1848. when I). & IX McDonald organized a private hank in connection with their general store. Mcintosh & Company, in early '50s kept a private hank, and still later Mcintosh & McCuIlough and McCuIlough & Company. In 1863 the Wellsville Savings Bank was organized, with the following directors: E. S. Taylor, Alexander Smith, Alexander Denham, J. A. Riddle. Alexander Wells. George Wells, W illiam Bleakly, Donald Davidson and Laughlin McLean. The bank carried a deposit account of about $80,- 000. It closed its business in 1865, its stockholders organizing the First National Hank. May 1st of that year. During the greater part of the bank's period of existence. (Jen. James W. Reilty was president; James Henderson, cashier and H. B. Nicholson, teller or cashier. The capital stock of this bank was $50,000. The I'eople's National Bank was organized August 6, 1902, with a capital of $100,000. Directors: President. P. F. Smith; vice-president. I). S. Brookman; cashier, H. B. Nicholson; II. C. Desellem, C. E. McKim. C. G. Stevenson and V. L. Wells. In August, 1905, the bank's condition was: Surplus and profits, .$16,000: deposits. S458.000; loans and discounts, $383,600: V. S. and other bonds, $1 10.000; total resources, $686,230.74. The bank had l>een made one of the State depositories. In June. 1903. the First National Bank went into liquidation, the stock, deposits and entire business l»eing taken over by the People's National Bank. In 1905 the bank moved into its own new building, which was one of the finest in Eastern Ohio.

The Silver Banking Company was established in 1884. with a capital of $50,000. In ton 5 the bank was doing a good and safe business. Thomas H. Silver was president and T. R. Andrews, cashier. The company occupies its own building.

The Central Building & Loan Company of Wellsville was organized in 1892. In 1905 its assets were $400,000. President. P. M. Smith; vice-president, A. I). Forbes; secretary, W. A. Snediker.

The Perpetual Savings L>an Company of Wellsville was organized about the same time as the Central. The statement of March 5. 1905. showed total resources. $693,987.69. J. C. Catlett. president; I). S. Brookman, vicepresident; F. L. Wells, secretary; H. B. Nicholson, treasurer.

The Wellsville Building Company, the first association of the kind in the town, was organized back in the '60s, William Bleakly 1*'- ing president and W. G. Wells, secretary. Later came the Citizens' Building & Ijoan Company and the Mechanics' Building & Loan Company. These were what were known as "terminating companies." and ran their course fr< >m 1 1 to 1 2 years.

The pioneers of what is now Wellsville enjoyed religious services as early as 1800. Among the first Presbyterian preachers to visit the section was Rev. George Scott. He and several others preached at the house of George Wilhelm. on the Virginia side of the Ohio, opposite Wellsville, and at a later date Rev. Thomas E. Hughes, Rev. Mr. Hale and others preached occasionally at Wellsville. in the woods and tents during the summer season, and in the winter in the schoolhouses. A brick school house built on Main street about 1829 was used in common by several denominations. In 1832 the Firsi Presbyterian Church was organized with about 26 memljcrs. The first elders were Alexander McBeth. John Mitchell and George Johnston. The first house of worship was erected on the river bank, near the cite of the old sawmill. In 1852 a new house was built on Front street, which building was burned August 27. 1869. On the following day work was commenced on the tine brick building, which in 1905 was still occupied by the congregation. The building cost $18,000 and there is a parsonage adjoining which is

The United Presbyterian Church of Wellsville. or the Associate Reform Church as it was then, was organized May 29, 1848. The meeting was held in the Methodist Protestant Church building, and Alexander Rose, Wallace Fogo and Robert Ralston were chosen elders. The first pastor was Rev. J. C. Campbell, who Iwgan his labors in 1848 and served the congregation until 1855. The subsequent pastors have 1>ecn: Revs. Joseph Andrews. 1859-69; James Day Brownlee, 1870-75; John A. Baitcv. 1877-82;' Joseph G. Kenncdv. 1884- 93; William A. Littell. 1895-98; William M. Glasgow, 1899- April. 1905. Rev. Frank I). Lindlcy. of Mansfield. Ohio, had accepted a call, and was expected to enter upon the work of the pastorate Septcmlier 1. 1905. The first house of worship, a modest structure, was Unfit in 1849. tiiis building being replaced in 187^ by the one still in use in 1905, at a cost of $i9,- (XX). The session in 1904 was coni|>osed of these persons: H. I?. Andrews, S. G. Council. Philip Eraser. J. L Junkin, D. II. Harper. J. R. Stoakcs and E. M- Hawley. The congregation owns a handsome parsonage valued at $8,<xx). .

The Methodist Episcopal Church of Wcllsville had its beginning in a class organized alxwt i8«K) by Rev. John Callahan. The organization was effected at the house of William Wells, among the original mcm1)crs lacing William and Ann Wells. Uoliert and Jane Dobbins. Samuel and Eliza Flowers ami William and Margaret Richardson. This class is supposed to have Itcen the first ever organized in Ohio. Among the early preachers were: Revs. Essex. Stotieman. Askins. Reid. Charles. Church, Watts. Baker and Seise!. The earliest class leaders were William Well? and Robert Dobbins. Preaching was for some years held in W illiam Wells' residence and in a log house built by James Clark. In 1826 and 1827 services were held in the little sliop of Joseph Wells. After that date the Methodist class, in common with other denominations, occupied a brick schoolhousc built by the village. In 1833 a plain building was erected on a lot donated by William Wells. The second building j was erected in 1877. being dedicated October I 25th of that year. In 1884 the church was en- | largeil and remodeled at a cost of $3,000. and again in 1900. at a cost of $7,000. In 1888 a parsonage was built at a cost of $7,000. The pastors who have served the congregation since 1833 areas follows: Revs. Young, Mahon, Ruyler, David Sharp, John White, J. J. Swazce, Lewis Burton. John Spencer. Thomas McGrath. N. Callender. C. Jackson. M. P. Jamison, I. Gibson. F. McClcarv. G. A. Lowman, E. f . Fletcher. A. L. Petty A. J. Eusty, Edward Burketl. Samuel Babcock, Stephen Minor, James Henderson, J. M. Carr. J. II. Hollingshcad, I. Conkle. Lewis Pavne. J. W. Tolatul. II. Miller. W. II. Rider. G.' E. Oliver, J. M. Carr. S. I'.urt. J. S. Rager. E. D. Holtz. C. E. Clark and J. W. Toland. who was in his second year in 1905. The meml>ership in the latter year numbered 567.

The Methodist Protestant Church of Wellsville was organized in 1829. in the house of Joseph Wells, by Rev. George Brown, with the following memlwrs: Joseph and Hezekiah Wells, Christopher and Sarah Murray, N. Murray, William Seuter and George and Sarah Gibbms. In 1833 a building was erected, which was enlarged and remodeled in 1878. The pastors who served the church while it was a part of a circuit were: Revs. William Reeves ( whose wife occupied the pulpit once each month during her IiusIkukI's ministry), Rufus Richardson. Edward Paulton ami Jeremiah Browning. After that the church was a mission point for a munl>er of years, among the pastors being Revs. W. W. A mot, W. Mayuard, Thomas Cullen. Joseph Ray. W. Hastings, C. Callahan. William Case. J. B. Wilkin. I). Truman. E. S. Hoagland, M. L.

History Ok Columbiana Cointv

The Church of the Ascension < Episcopal ) organized in 1803. although an informal mission and Sunday-school organization had existed some years prior to that date. The first vestry of the parish was composed of E. H. Aver. A. M. Haley. I. T. Smith. C. K. Ciorna'm, William Haley. J. R. Bagley, and R. W. Ransom. In 1804 C. K. Corham removed from Wellsville. and John Thomas, having located in Wellsville. as superintendent of the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad, was chosen to fill the vacancy thus caused, and during the years that Mr. Thomas remained in Wellsville he continued to lie one of the. main-stays of the little church. In 1869 and 1870 a church edifice and rectory were built. The rectors of the church since its organization have been Revs. Lee. (iilbert. Hubbell. McMurphy, Coleman. Butler. Long. Badger, Burke. Cogswell. Williams. Kd wards and R. K. Caulk. The membership of the church in 1005 was a little less than 100.

The Christian C hurch was organized in 1843 with a meml»ership of abntt ;o. The first building was a log house built about 1844. In iK_j, William Wells donated a lot on Main street to the congregation and a brick house of worship was built. In i8</> the handsome structure still in use in 1005 was built at a cost of $10,000. In the latter year the mem bersbip numbered 350. The ministers who had served the church were: Revs. Reagle. I .amphear. Beaumont, Henry and John White. 1 1 il - leek. Cohen. Baxter. Young. VanHoni. Hayden. Jones. Tilcock, Lytic. Bower. Miller, Barnes :md W, C. Prewctl (in 1005).

The Church of the Immaculate Conception was founded in 1834 by Rev. James Conlin: but less than a -dozen families formed the nucleus of the parish until |8;K. when the Rev. 1). Tijjhe liegan monthlv visits, which he continued for -even years. Rev. 1*. J. McGuire was pastor for nine year-. During his pastorate the brick edifice of Inter year- was built. The succeeding pastors were Kathers Cullen. Caitil. Carroll, Dn.han. Halligan and C rutty. During Father Halligan'.- pastorate a beautiful site, with parochial residence u|»>n it. and sufficiently large for church and school build-

! ville was organized May 5, 180/). a handsome frame church building lieing erected on Nicholson avenue. The first pastor was Rev. C. L. McKee. who served the congregation from the organization until March. 1004. Rev. B. M. Price was called soon after the vacancy occurred, accepted, and was installed June 10. 1004 The membership in 1005 was abtut 100 and increasing steadily, the members of the session being |. S. McLean. Benson Peeples, H. H. S]»rou!."(;. W While. John 11. Lewis

The Wellsville A. M. K. Church was organized in 1887, a small building on Broadway purchased and transformed into a house of worship, and Rev. J. H. Mason settled as pastor. Other pastors have been Revs. W. T.

'hie First Evangelical Church, with a neat and comfortable building on Third street. ! erected about |8«K>. had in KjO.S started upon what seemed to give promise of ;:u era of prosperity. Rev. W. A. Yandersall was the pastor.

The Swedish Lutheran congregation of Wellsville was organized January 7. njo.5- with . a membership of 30. Rev. Philip Ai'dreen was ; the pastor, coming from Pittsburg to hold serv - ices, and preaching to the congregation once a mouth.

The Oak Ridge Presbyterian Church. located in Yellow Creek township about four miles west of Wellsville. was organized in 18 s-' by nuniliers of the Yellow Creek church, and of the I'irst Presbyterian Church of Wellsville. A church budding had l>ecn erected 111 i8;o. two year- prior to the organization, the original idea l>eimi to have a convenient house of worship, without immediate reference to organization. The organization was affected by a session composed of Rev. Joint Price as moderator, and Elders John McKenzie and John Huston. There were al>oul 25 niemU'rs, originally, of whom James Martin. William C. Smith and William Workman were chosen elders. The first settled pastor, in was Rev. John Price, who was succeeded by Revs. John Arthur, Hrown, David Hargest, \. K. Crowe, W. E. Sloane, T. V. Milligan, and David Hargest again since H/04 as stated supply. The elders in 190; were A. (i. Smith and A. (',. McGarvey.

Second only to the church in importance in Yellow Creek township was the public school. The first in the township was taught in 1800 by Richard Bovce, in a log schoolhouse. built by William Wells. Robert Dobbins and Edward Devore, the latter a colored man and one of the early settlers of Liverpool township. Mr. Wells agreed to contribute the compensation for five pupils, and Devore agreed to send and pay for four pupils. This was the beginning of the school which was located on Robert Dobbins' farm, which for some years was taught by Richard and Timothy Bovce, brothers. The next teacher in this school was William Marsh, a Welshman. Soon after this, two log schoolhouses were built, one on the site of Wellsville near the river and one on Henry Atcn's farm. In the latter Alexander Brown was an early teacher. Richard Hoyce taught in a schoolhouse on William l*oulk's farm, and in 1815 he taught in a schoolhouse on the farm afterwards owned by John Mc- Donald. Andrew Smith, the justice of the peace, who has liccn mentioned as teaching in the "Scotch Settlement." also taught in a schoolhouse on Smith's farm (afterward owned by T. B. Kerr ) in Yellow Creek township. The Union school building, erected in Wellsville in 1850. was the lir*t built in the State after the passage of the '"Union School I -aw." It was a brick structure, contained seven rooms, accommodated 550 pupils and cost $7,000. The splendid Central school building on Ninth street was erected in 1879- 80, at a cost of $40,000, was and is one of the best in Eastern Ohio. Since then a smaller building has been erected in the west end and one in the east end. Professor Parsons was the first superintendent of the Wellsville union 1 schools, and remained a number of years. Prof. J. L. McDonald, who began his service as sn|)erintendent of the Wellsville schools in 1870, and had entered upon his 35th year in 1005. made a record in Ohio educational affairs which was an enviable one.

W I.1.I.Svii.Le Graveyards And Crm Ktkriks

The first graveyard in Wellsville was the Wells burying-ground on Main street, which by 1870 w;is about the geographical center of the city. The first burial was that of a little child, and the grave was never marked. In his will Mr. Wells provided that the ground should lie . used as a burial-place chiefly of his blood-relations, ami that it should be a burial-place fori ever. Surrounding the graveyard was a stone 1 wall, the follow ing inscription surmounting the entrance: "Erected by William Wells in 1842, at a cost of $750." Emm about 1870 110 I burials were permitted in the place, and some 1 5 years later it was vacated by the heirs of the Wells estate, and the ground occupied by private residences. In 1825 Mr. Wells donated to the town an acre of land, near where the railroad shops were afterward located, to be used "as a burying-ground forever." This served the village as a cemetery until 1865, and alxmt 20 years later it too was condemned, the graves removed and the land sold for secular purposes.

In 1866 the town of Wellsville purchased a tract of land, comprising 1 1 acres, on the hill west of the corporation, and commenced the laying off of Spring Hill Cemetery. In 1890 acres additional were purchased and by 1905 the town could Ixxtst of one of the most l>eantifttl cemeteries "in Eastern Ohio. It is under control of the Board of Public Service of the town.

Citv Officials

In 1890 Wellsville had a population of 5,247; in 1900, 6,146. In 1905 the city government of Wellsville was as follows. Mayor, Wallace L. Fogo; city solicitor, Charles Boyd; president of council, A. B. Crubaugh; auditor, C. R. McGregor; board of public service, - W. G. Stewart, O. P. Bowers and H. A. Herbert; councilmen, - William O'Grady, W. J. Gloss, C. V. Shoub, John Joseph, Frank Blackbum, Robert Anderson and James Bissett.

Appendix

On Thursday, June 29, 1905. at Tolerton's Grove, Salem, the 36th annual meeting of the Columbiana County Pioneer and Historical Association was held. The retiring president, W illiam B. McCord. presided. Hon. James A. Martin, probate judge of the county, made the annual address, which was an eloquent and masterly effort, his subject being "Memories of the Old Home." Hon. J. M. Dickinson, of Lisbon, made a report touching the pros|>ect of securing a permanent borne for the society ; and Mrs. J. B. Park read the necrological report, giving a list of names, ages and dates of death of members and other aged persons in the county who had crossed the "Hark Kiver" since the last annual meeting. A very unique feature was the proceedings of the recitations of Mrs. I^i ura Thompson, of Leetonia, she l>eing arrayed in the style of garb worn in the early years of the lyth century. Another very attractive feature was the singing of old-time songs by an old-time quartette of singers pretty well advanced in years, several aged |>ersons, present as guests, volunteering to sing solos and duets. A number of the pioneers present related some of their experiences of 50 years or more gone by, and a very rare collection of relics was displayed ami admired by the large number of people present. The following named persons were elected as officers for the ensuing year: President. William < i. Bent Icy, of Salem; vice-president. A. U. Sinn, of Salem; secretary. J. B. Park, of Salem ire-elected): treasurer. J. \V. Cope, of New Waterford; necrologist. Mrs. J. B. Park, of Salem ( re-elected): historian, Hon. J. M. Dickinson, of Lisbon. The invitation of the Salem Business Association, extended to the society to hold its next annual meeting in Salem on Thursday of Salem's centennial week in June of 1906, was accepted. Some of the ladies of the society and of Salem served a hountiful dinner in the dining hall of the grove, and altogether this "rare day in June." in the beautiful grove, proved a very enjoyable one indeed.

A brief historical sketch of the Pioneer society was read at the 32nd annual meeting, at Lisbon. June 13, 1901, by Dr. J. M. Hole, of Salem, one of the original memliers and promoters and always a faithful member up to the time of his death, which occurred July 26, 1 90 1. he being then 79 years of age. As Dr. Hole was the historian of the society almost all of the 32 years during which he was a member, some extracts from his paper on the occasion referred to will avail to give a brief history of the association, with its purposes, etc. The extracts follow :

"Thirty-two years ago last March, Hon. J. K. Rukenbrod. then editor of the Salem Republican, called at the office of Dr. J. M. Hole, Salem. Ohio. These two men then made out a list of some 00 names, pioneers of the county, and arranged a program to call a meeting of these citizens. l»oth men and women, to meet in the City Hall. Salem, the following June (iSfxj). This call and program were published in the Salem Republican, and brought to that meeting a large and earnest number of pioneers, all anxious to have an organization inaugurated at once in the county. Thereupon a large committee was selected to recommend officers for the organization. The following wagons, cars or automobiles to travel in in those officers were elected: Gen. Jacob Roller, prcsi- days. Kven the tire had to be kept in at night, dent; Hon. J. K. Rukenbrod. secretary; Dr. for it went out. and the neighbors two or three J. M, Hole, treasurer, and several others were miles away had kept theirs, they had to go that elected vice-presidents. The st>ciety was also distance to borrow a faggot from them. As a provided with committees whose duty it was to general rule, how ev er, most of the farmers kept prepare a dinner for the pioneers, take the punk and flint and a big knife, and when they names of those in attendance, and collect a wanted a tire would strike the knife quickly small fee of 50 cents from the men who Itecainc ' against the Hint, the friction would make a members; to select a place to bold the meeting spark which would set the punk on lire, somethe following year; to make out a program; to what as lightning does, and they would carereceive and care for the relics and other things fully apply more punk and thus coax it to bum. presented to the society, and all to act as All these and hundreds of other reminiscences auxiliary committees tor the lieneni of the were related in rive to ten minute talks by the society until their successors were chosen. After pioneers, which would lie of great interest and the transaction of routine business, the presi- were descriptive of practices that were maindent called on those present to make remarks, tained by the old settlers. This is a sample of and any one who wished to tell of his experi- many of the meetings since then, and naturally encc in the settling of the county, and of the < lit- a large and increasing membership resulted, ticulties of getting out into the forest as it was Later on Prof. \Y. I). llcnkle proposed adding then called : the building of cabins and clearing the name historical, to that of pioneer, and of farms; preparing to raise food for them- thereafter calling the society the Pioneer and selves and their animals; the troubles from In- Historical Association, so as to admit all perdians and w ild animals, such as bears, 'Wolves, sons ov er 21 years of age. The change of name wild-cats, panthers, deer and turkeys, geese, was adopted. The association was incoqxv ducks and other wild fowls. There was quite rated 15 years ago. and its financial standing is an account of Iwars and wolves, and as to how good. We have no debts, we collect sufficient some families had to depend for a few years money to pay incidental excuses, and our for their meat on wild game that was easily officers are not paid for their services.'* obtained by the men folk, if they had guns and Following arc the places and dates of meetammunition, which, by the way, were at times ings of the t olumbiana County Pioneer and very scarce and hard to get; how some made Historical Association, from the beginning traps or pens of logs or rails to capture these down to the last meeting, in Salem. June. 1905 : animals; how some of the settlers bad to live New Lislx.ni, September 8. 1870; Salem. Sepfor weeks on hominy or boiled corn, no mills, tember 7. 1871 ; New Lisbon, September 5, to grind the wheat into flour or corn into meal. 187.'; New Lisbon. September 13, 1873; for miles from where they had fixed their Salem. September 12. 1874: Columbiana, Sephomes;.no salt, unless packed on Iiorse-lwck tember 14 and 15. 1875: Fast Liveq>ool, Sepfrom the Ohio River; how they had to keep temlier 5, }X~<>: Hanover. Septemlier 5. 1877; their sheep and pigs in pens at night near the New Lisbon, Septemlier 3. 1S78; Salem. Sepcabins. lest bears or wolves would kill theyi. tember 17. 1870; New Lisbon. Septemlier 9. Many times these animals would keep up such 1880: Fair Grounds. New Lisbon. Septemlxr a howl of disappointment that persons could 7. 1K81 ; Fair Grounds, New Lisbon, Septetnnot sleep for the noise, so near would they come her 14. 188 _-; New Lislmn. August jg. 1883; to the cabins; bow they built the cabin, which W'ellsville. June 17. 1SK4: Salem. June 17. constituted a kitchen, parlor, sitting-room, din- 1885 : Hanover, June 10, 1886; Salem. June 9. ing-room. and licd-room, all inside of a by 1887: Leetonia. June 14. 1888: Fast Liverpool, _'s feel square of a house; how they had to June 13. 1880; Fast Palestine. June 12. 1890; walk or go on horse-back, as there were no Salem. June M. 1891; Fast Palestine. June 9,

The Columbiana County Agricultural Society held its 56th annual fair Septemlier 12-14, 1905. The society was organized in 1849, and these fairs had been held annually without a lapse since the beginning, always on the grounds at Lisbon where the first exhibition was given, and always successfully. It is a county institution, and received aid from the State Board of Agriculture in 1905, the appropriation being $800. The officers for 1905 were: President. William M. Travis: vicepresident. J. M. Levan : secretary, K. F. Moore : treasurer. 1". G. Bowman : managers, - Lee Deemer, J. C. Billingslev. C. 1". Lease, Seymore I'ottorf. William M. Travis, J. \\\ Hoojks. I", G. Bowman, I.. H. Copeland. ]. M. Levan and E. F. Moore.

An annual event of, for the time being, absorbing interest, especially to the rural communities of the county, is that of the Columbiana County Harvest Home Picnic, held annually, on the last Saturday of August, at Shelton's Grove, a lieautiful resort, rive miles east of Salem. At the gathering held on Saturday, August 2O. 1905. about 8.000 people were present, which wa- alxnit the average attendance. The addresses on that occasion were made bv Hon. Philip M. Smith, of Wellsville. and Rev. Earl D. lloltz. 1>. D.. of Allegheny. These officers were elected for the ensuing year: President. K. I), Belt. Rogers: vicepresident. Clark Halverstadt. Salem township; secretary, H. A. Halverstadt. Salem township: treasurer. Watson E. Stewart: executive committee. - Frank Betz, Homer E\erett. P. M.

The Township Line Farmers' Club was another organization which for many years had existed for pleasure ami profit. It held annually a harvest home picnic, usually at Smith's Crove, on the farm of Wilson S. Smith, in St. Clair township, and was a great meeting place for local political aspirants, as well as a social resort for families and friends. The members also clubbed together for the advantageous purchase of seeds, fertilizers, agricultural implements, etc.

The Home for Aged Women is a veryworthy charitable institution of Salem. The inception of the home was largely due to the active interest, in the class to be iK'iiefittcd, of Mrs. Joseph Koll, who was instrumental in setting a movement on foot in 1886, which cul-

! initiated in 1887 in the purchase of the Evans Homestead, a large and substantial brick building with spacious grounds, on East Main street, now McKinley avenue. Mrs. Eliza

; The home was opened in October, 1888, and had since, up to the summer of 1905, furnished a comfortable abiding place to from eight to twelve inmates. It was understood that the home Would lie enlarged and its facilities for usefulness increased commensurately with the demands upon it, and as the revenue would permit. In 1900 the institution was enlarged by the addition of four rooms, and other im-

I provements were made. The first matron was Phebe Gruell. and she was succeeded by Mrs. Lucy Pettit, who served in the capacity for 1 1 years, or until August 1, 1903. Her successor was Mrs. Brokenshire. The officers in 1905

Alexander Wells

LEXANDI-k WELLS. The venerable subject of this review, whose portrait is shown on the opposite page, is distinguished as the oldest white resident of Columbiana County. Ikhas spent his long and useful life in Wcllsville. where he was l>oru June 3. 1K08. A very remarkable fact also alxmt Mr. Wells is that he is the younger of twins born to his parents. William and Ann (Clark) Wells, his sister Rachel being some 30 minutes older than himself. Both children from infancy were unusually robust and the sister lived to the age of 90 years while our subject is within but a short period of attaining the century mark.

Our subject's grandfather, George Wells, who was of English ancestry, was Ixirn in Maryland and settled as a pioneer in ] ted ford County, Pennsylvania. In 1 Jed ford County. William Wells, the father, was l»>m, February 10, 17^5, and as his mother died in his in fancy he was reared by his grandmother and they lived successively in Summit and Washington counties. Pennsylvania, In the latter county William was mainlv reared and there he married and during Ins residence there five of his children were burn, lie vva- a farmer in comfortable circumstances and must have been a man <>f considerable prominence as he was elected sheriff and filled the otlice for some years. When he resigned that position, he removed to Sienbe:i\ -ille. Ohio, where he lived for one year and then removed to Hanrock County. Virginia I :mv\ Wc-i Virginia*,

At that time the Indians in Columbiana County were still considered dangerous and Mr. Wells settled his family where he did on account of there being a couple of block-houses in which they could l>e safely housed while he was obliged to leave them without his protection. Just across the river, his father-inlaw, James Clark, had cleared several acres of land which Mr. Wells purchased and every dav he would swim on horseback across the river to cultivate his land. This continued until his first crop of corn was ripe and conditions had a little improved, when he brought his family to Wellsville where they have lived ever since. He served in the military and our subject has in his possession a very valuable document, this being his father's commission received from (governor Arthur St. Clair, which bears the date of July 15. 170X, the place being Cincinnati, which city it will be remembered was given its name by this same first Governor of the Northwest Territory. It is recorded that William Wells took the oath of office from his cousin. Basil Wells, of Steubcnville. on the above dale and served in this office until Ohio became a Stale.

W illiam Wells was a farmer all bis life but lie was n man of excellent business perceptions and. as his early efforts showed, of resolute nature and great personal courage and |h.tseverance. In settlers had come in such along the river, that Mr. Wells, with yrcat foresight, platted a part of his farm of 304 acres, and named the new place "Wellsville." It soon grew from a farm into a hamlet, a village, a town and now is a thriving city, one in which the name of its founder is not forgotten. Mr. Wells with a man named Heath discovered the possibilities of a salt-spring near Hibbitt's mill on Little Yellow Creek and they were the hrst white met) to ever engage in the manufacture of salt in Columbiana County. Mr. Wells was foremost in all educational and religious progress and was not only the founder of the city but was the originator and promoter of many of its earliest and most important enterprises. He died in 1853. The year previous he had the pleasure and onjoyed the honor of being selected to drive the last spike when the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad was completed to Wellsville. It was seemly that he should have 1>een selected for this duty and one can but wonder if, when his eye ran along the shining rails which meant so much to this locality, a vision of himself returned, swimming the angry currents of the river, when he worked with his rlint-lock musket across his wooden moldboard plow, on the very site of this great engineering achievement.

William Wells married Ann Clark, who was l)orn in 1705, and died in I Si 4. She was a daughter of James Clark, one of the earliest pioneers of Columbiana County, and certainly one of the most rcmakahle. He lived to the ape of 103 years and it is related of him that he retained his faculties to the end and his eyesight was so perfect that at the ape of 95 years he could read without glasses and even on one occasion, shot a squirrel from the top of a 40-foot tree. William and Ann Wellreared nine of their 10 children, the members of the family bearing these names: Mary, who married David Watts and lived and died in Wellsville ; James and (ieorge, deceased : Margaret, who married William Pritchard. 1 10th now deceased; William and Joseph, deceased: Ann. who married O. P. Sherman, both now deceased; Sarah, who married Joseph I let 1 son. )»>tl) now deceased; and Rachel

: and Alexander, (twin.-), the former of whom married A. (i. W. Stevens and is deceased, as I previously mentioned in this .article. The j family has been a noted one for longevity.

Among the many interesting recollections J of our esteemed subject, one pertaining to his school days is especially interesting. He describes the old lug house as being substantially constructed. An opening 14 inches w ide ran around two sides and one end of the building, which space was covered with greased paper, I in lieu of glass, to let in light and keen out the I elements. There was no necessity to provide ! for ventilation, the interstices l>etween the logs I supplying all the air necessary. The name of I his first teacher he recalls as Richard Boyce. In 1 1827 he went to work in a general store, clerking for his board and clothes, according to the custom of the time, but in 1829 he went into business for himself in partnership with his brother (ieorge. the firm name lieing G. & A. 1 Wells, which continued until 1844.

This business was conducted before the completion of the railroad and a main feature was the loading and sending; out through the country of wagons full of merchandise. This was a wonderful convenience to the outlying villages and farm houses. In addition the firm did a very large storage and forwarding Imsiness. In 1844 (Ieorge Wells retired from the firm and our subject continued alone, but 1 after the completion of the railroad in 1852 the forwarding feature was dropped. Mr. j Wells remained in the mercantile trade, how- ! ever, until after the close of the Civil War. ; when he was succeeded by his sons, Alexander R. and Kmmett II. W ells, but he remained a silent partner until 10,01. when he retired at ihe age of 03 years, after a business life of 72 : years.

Mr. Wells has l>ecn concerned more or less ' with almost all the important movements which have served u< promote the commercial prosperity of W ellsville. From its organization he has been a director of the First National Bank, and he was very active in securing the excellent transportation facilities which the city enjoys. His early political sympathies were with the Whij; parly ami then he bec une a Repuhli- can and continued to be thus identified until 1885, when he became a Prohibitionist. As a member of this party he is a strong advocate, for scarcely could a better example of the value of temperance principles be found than in this hale, hearty, clear-brained nouogenarian, whose life has bridged such a great gulf of history, and who still looks out on life with happy interest, keeping in touch with local, national and world movements. Almost daily he can be seen mingling with his fellow-citizens by whom he is regarded with feelings of esteem and veneration.

Mr. Wells was married September 13, 1836, to Esther Kemble, who was born January 5. 1819. and died April jy, 1873. She was a (laughter of Samuel and Susanna (Blizzard) Kemble, oltl residents of Elkrun township. They had 10 children, the eldest bom on his father's birthday and the second on his mothers birthday. They were: William G.. of Lisbon. Ohio: Kemble, who served as a lieutenant in the Civil War; Homer C, of Wellsville; Margaret, widow of E. S. Taylor, of Wellsville; Clark, who died in infancy; Helen Mar, widow of Clarence R. Arnold, of Wellsville; Alexander R. ; Marcellus, of Charleroi. Pennsylvania; and Emmet t H., of Wellsville.

Mr. Wells, like his late wife, has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church for many years, his father and mother having l>een charter members when it was organized in 1807.

Illiam Ci.Ark Chamberuw

ILLIAM CI.ARK CHAMBERUW who enjoys the distinction of (icing the oldest settler in East Palestine in point of time, and the oldest merchant and banker, is a citizen who has l>een closely identified with the development of the northeastern section of Columbiana County during the progressive changes wrought by the passage of more than a half century. Mr. Chaml>erlin was lxirn 011 the present site of East Palestine, the family estate then being known as the Taggart place.

Within the easy memory of many residents of East Palestine, this section of the country was a large IkhIv of rich farming land, comprising some O40 acres, which had lx-en entered by John Taggart, Mr. Chamberlin's maternal grandfather. The home of R. F. Taggart, east of the present town, is in the original plat of East Palestine as is another portion of the homestead to the west. The original name selected for the growing hamlet was Mechanicsburg but the mother of Mr. Chamberhn desired a more euphonious appellation and desired it called Palestine, the quiet beauty of the little town and the earnest virtuous, simple life of its people suggesting to her a name recalling holy memories. On account 01" there l.ieing already a Palestine in Ohio, the government, in granting a i>ostorhcet gave the prefix "East" and East Palestine it has been ever since.

Dr. Rol)ert Chamberhn. pioneer physician, first merchant and first |>ostmaster at East Palestine, was liorn in I-ancaster County, Pennsylvania. December u. 1798. and died March j^1, 187(1, aged 77 years, at his home in Eist Palestine. From Delaware County, Pennsylvania, he came in boyhood, to Ohio, and worked at farming in Fairfield County, coming to Columbiana County at the age of 20 years. Here he read medicine under Dr. Towne, and subsequently was graduated from Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia. Prior to this he had been a student at Mount Airy Academy, near Philadelphia, and for a time he was instructor in English at this institution, spending some years as an educator. Had he not turned his attention particularly to medicine, he would in all prolKibility have liecn a distinguished man of letters. He prepared a work on English grammar, which, although never published, received the approbation of competent critics as an excellent treatise on the F'nglish language.

After settling permanently in Ohio, Dr. Robert Chamberlin served several years as surveyor of Columbiana County and he was also the surveyor for the Ohio & Pennsylvania Railroad, now iht Pittsburg. Fort Wavne it Chicago line, from the Ohio River to Salem,.

Ohio. In addition to an extensive medical practice which extended over a period of 30 years, he established the first store and the only one of importance lor many years, and when the legislature changed the name of the little hamlet to East Palestine and the government established the post office, he, as the most important man of the place, was chosen postmaster, lie laid out the first addition to the town and in fact, for years, was one of its dominating characters.

Our esteemed subject was equally fortunate in having a mother of more than usual intellect and business capacity. Rebecca Taggart was born February 25, 1810, and died January 9, 1895. She not only mothered and reared a family of seven children, but capably met every exigency which arose during her huslwnd's enforced absences, conducting the affairs of the store with as much discretion as he could have done. To his mother Mr. Chamberlin attributes his business success, she having given him his early training. Her children were: John Taggart, deceased, formerly of Fast Palestine; Rebecca Ann, who married Enos Goble and had two daughters, - Mary Ann, deceased, and Nancy Duira, of New York City ; C alvin Forbes, who met death in a railroad accident and left a family in Fast Palestine; William Clark, of Fast Palestine; James Horace, who is now a retired merchant in Philadelphia, where he has a family; Nancy Duira, deceased in 1867, who was the wile of Allien Augustine, - - they are survived by one son, Albert, who is a resident of Salem. Ohio; and Roliert Sydenham, deceased, who is survived by a widow and four children, who live in Fast Palestine.

William Clark Chaml>erlin assisted in his father's store from Uiyhood and for a number of years acted as assistant postmaster while his father was driving over the country attending to his medical practice. When his eldest brother, John Taggart Chamlierlin, started a mercantile business under the linn name of Robert Chamberlin & Sons, he entered into the business. This house stil! exists, the name being retained although at different limes its partners have lieen changed. The business was that of a general store, of which the stock in the early days comprised everything that was in demand in the locality, - staple groceries, clothing, boots, shoes, millinery, harness, furniture, etc. A vast amount of business was done, the annual amount being as much as $too.ooo. In 1884 a private bank was organized as Chamberlin Brothers & Company, which is still doing business, and our. subject has been connected with it since its first board of directors was elected.

Mr. Chaml>erlin was married September 8, 1864. to Lydia J. Urittain, w ho is a daughter of Joseph and Belinda (Clark) Brittain. The Brittains were very early settlers in Beaver County, Pennsylvania, from which section they came to Columbiana County. The father died February 19, 1900, aged 84 years, and the mother in August, 1887, aged 78 years. Mr. and Mrs. Brittain were the parents of five children, namely: Jeremiah, William Clark, Elizabeth Esther, Lydia J. and Joseph I. Rev. Jeremiah Brittain. the eldest, was pastor of the United Presbyterian Church at Greenville, Pennsylvania. For 22 years he was an active worker in the anti-saloon movement and at the time of his death, on Deceml)er J4. 1903. was State superintendent for New Jersey and Delaware. He was a man of noble character whose influence will l« felt for untold years. The scc uid son, Dr. William Clark Brittain, is a well-known physician in Pennsylvania. Elizabeth Esther Brittain married' J. N. Andre, formerly a carriage manufacturer at New ' Brighton, Heaver County. Pennsylvania, who is now a missionary in Kentucky. The youngest of the family, Hon. Joseph I. Brittain, is at present American consul at Kehl. Germany, lie was Imru in Beaver County, Pennsylvania, awl was educated in the local schools. Brighton High School and Beaver Academy. For 30 veins he was a citizen of Ohio, formerly was in the mercantile business and for three years was editor of ihe /:<"/i(». at Pa>t Palestine. lie was elected to the 70th Genera! Assembly, serving iiotn 1890 to iS«>2, and again, from 1893 to 1894. A man of brilliant intellect he was selected for diplomatic sen ice and on October 15, 1897, he was sent to Prance where he -t-rved so acceptably for lour years that on

Mr. atul -Mrs. Chaml>erlin have five children, viz: Frank Brittain, a graduate of the Hast Palestine High School and of Geneva College. Pennsylvania, who married Annie Orr. of Ocean Grove, New Jersey: Nancy Maria, a graduate of the Kast Palestine High School and of Monmouth College, Illinois, who is the wife of Rev. K. M. Little, pastor of the Sixth I'nited Presbyterian Church, of Chicago; Elizabeth Florence, a graduate of the luist Palestine High School and of Westminster College at New Wilmington. I,awrencc County, Pennsylvania, who is the wife of Rev. C. W. Fhlredge. a clergyman in Fvanston. a suburb of Cincinnati; Joseph Clark, a graduate of the Fast Palest itne High School and of Westminster College; and Lydia Fhna. also a graduate of Westminster College.

Aside from his business interests. Mr. Chamberlin has been a useful citizen of East Palestine, with the other members of his family taking a deep interest in all movements which have had for their object the improvement of the town's utilities or the advancement of its culture. He has served on the Hoard of Public Affairs, on the Hoard of Education and at various times in the Town Council. He is a man who liears the reputation of being honorable and trustworthy, kind and generous, just and public spirited.

of the leading business citizens of Columbiana County. His whole business liie of 45 years has U-cn connected with the interests of Salem anil vicinity. Mr. Ilampson was Ivirn in 1836. at Carrollion. Carroll County. Ohio, and is a son of George V. and Catherine ( brush) Ilampson.

was a prominent citizen of Huntingdon County. In 1X31 he removed to Carroll County, Ohio, where the remainder of a long and useful life was spent. His death took place in 1876, at the age of 8j years. He was an old-time Democrat and was honored on numerous occasions by his party, being elected sheriff and also treasurer of Carroll County.