West Township (part 2 of 3)

East Lewistown

It has a very handsome location on sections 16 and 27, and but for the advantage enjoyed by North Lima in being the older village, would have become the more important place. Village lots were laid out, about 1830, by Peter Goder, Sr., John Nold, Henry Thoman, Sr., and George Houck ; but it was not until 1836 that building commenced, when the place grew rapidly, attaining in a few years its maximum It contains about forty buildings, and a schoolhouse of attractive appearance, erected in 1867, at a cost of $3300.

Jesse Motter opened a store in the village in 1839, in the house occupied by H. Thoman as a residence, and was in trade until 1845. Meantime, another store was conducted on the southwest corner of the square by Hoover & Rudisill. The village has had as merchants Jacob S. Thoman, Daniel Thoman, T. G. Northrup, Frederick Fellnagle, Franklin Dunn, Smith & Buzard, Abraham Miller, and at present George Buzard is in trade.

A man named Morrow kept the first public-house, about 1843, in a building opposite the Thoman residence. Ten years later Conrad Stigletz opened an inn on the square, which he kept till 1863. He was followed by George Heindle. About the same time a tavern was kept on the north side of the square by Isaac Thoman, which was continued only a short time, and the village is now without a public-house.

The post-office was established about 1851, and had Philip Fetzer as the first postmaster. It then had a semiweekly mail ; at present it is supplied daily from Columbiana. The other postmasters of this office have been Daniel Thoman, Josiah Rohrbaugh, Isaac Thoman, David Wonderlin, and the present, George Buzard.

The first to practice the healing art was an herbalist, a Dr. Pappenaugh. Dr. Ethan A. Hoke was the first regular physician, and Dr. H. A. Sampsell the last here located.

The hamlet of Woodworth, locally called Steamtown, is situated on the Boardman line, there being but a few houses and a steam saw-mill on the Beaver side.

The township has taken great interest in education, and given particular attention to supplying an excellent class of school-buildings. It is stated, on the authority of a State official, that Beaver leads all the other townships in this respect.

There are eleven districts, and every one of them is provided with a 'commodious and handsome brick house, with belfry, inside blinds, and modern furniture, costing from i $2700 to $3500, whose attractive appearance reflects great credit on the people of the township. The clerks of the several sub-districts, and the youth enumerated in 1879, were as follows: No. 1, Noah Sprinkler, 62; No. 2, Lewis Gleckler, 60 ; No. 3, Isaac B. Culler, 77 ; No. 4, David Harman, 85 ; No. 5, Henry Thoman, 85 ; No. 6, Gustavus Snyder, 70; No. 7, C. T. Stafford, 99 ; No. 8, Daniel Geiger, 54 ; No. 9, Ephraim Gleckler, 53 ; No. 10, D. M. Ziegler, 58 ; No. 11, Wilson S. Hadley, 16. The latter is a fractional district, being chiefly in Springfield. The appropriations for schools in 1877 amounted to more than $3000.

In the village of North Lima a select school was opened in the public hall in the summer of 1878. Two terms were taught by G. W. Love. The school has at present 22 students, in charge of James W. Calvin.

Religious Societies

The missionary labors of the Rev. John Stough extended to Beaver township, and, as early as 1808, a small log meeting-house was built by the united efforts of those adhering to the Lutheran and Reformed churches, with a view of affording a place of worship for future congregations of both these sects. This house stood in the old grave-yard at North Lima, and was replaced by a frame building, which also accommodated both societies until 1860, since when separate interests have been maintained.

The Mount Olivet Reformed Congregation

In 1860 the corner-stone for a new church edifice, to be used exclusively by the congregation, was laid, and the following year was completed the handsome brick church which is now their spiritual home. It will seat 450 persons, and cost to build $5000. In 1877 the congregation purchased three acres of ground in the neighborhood of the church, on a hill overlooking the village, on which was erected a very comfortable parsonage. At present the temporalities of the congregation are in a most excellent condition.

Its Consistory in 1879 had as Elders, Solomon Elser, M. E. Dutterer, George Buzard ; Deacons, Samuel Mentzer, David Lower, Noah Rapp ; Trustees, John Flickinger, George Coler, Solomon Elser.

Rev. Mahnnesmith was succeeded in the pastorate by the Rev. Henry Sonnendecker, who was lor many years the faithful minister of the church. He was followed by the Rev. John F. Englebach, Frederick Wahl, James Reinhard, who served the congregation the last time, Aug. 1, 1870, closing his earthly career at Columbiana, Aug. 20, 1870.

In October, 1870, the Rev. Henry Hilbish became the pastor, continuing in that relation four years. The pulpit was vacant about two years, but in September, 1876, Rev.

Paradise Church

In the summer of 1849 a number of members of the Lutheran and Reformed congregations at North Lima severed their connection with the parent societies for the purpose of establishing a place of worship nearer their homes. A joint committee, composed of George Messerley and Jacob Beard, was appointed to build a meetinghouse on an acre of ground which had been secured for this purpose from the farm of George Messerley, on section 9. In August, 1849, the corner-stone was laid, and the same season a plain frame house was completed, 32 by 40 feet, which, in a repaired condition, is yet in use, according to the terms of agreement when the house was built.

The pastors of the congregation, from its organization to the present, have been the Revs. Henry Sonnendecker, John F. Englebach, J. B. Ruhl, Carl Twissler, James Reinhard, and the present, Henry Hilbish. The Revs. Kendig and Seump supplied the pulpit for a short period.

The Lutheran Congregation was organized by the Beard, Wonseller, Miller, and other families, in 1849. Preaching has been supplied usually by the same pastors as those of the North Lima church, - namely, Revs. Bachler, Krontz, Guinsett, Kramer, and Rauher. The present Consistory is composed of Elders Christian Sourwein, Joseph Freese ; Deacons, Elias Beiber, Elias Cannerich. The Lutheran congregation at North Lima was formed by- Rev. John Stough, in 1804. His successor was the Rev. Henry Hewitt, and those named above. They worshiped in the same house as the Reformed until 1860; afterwards they erected a fine house of their own.

The Overholtzer Mennonite Church

As early as 1815, Mennonite meetings were held in a log school-house in the western part of the township, Jacob Overholtzer being the preacher. The settlement here was soon augmented by other members of that faith, and, in 1825, a hewed-log meeting-house, 30 by 36 feet, was built on a lot of ground given for this purpose by Mr. Overholtzer. George Bachman and Jonathan Overholtzer served as a building committee. This house was used until 1871, when the present neat brick house was erected in its stead by Jacob Yoder, Daniel Zeigler, and Melchor Mellinger, acting for the church as a building committee. Its dimensions are 40 by 50 feet. Connected with the house is a large grave-yard.

Mathias Dinsman, Jacob Nold, who was a bishop, Jacob Christophel, Rudolph Blosser, Jacob Wissler, Samuel Good, John Blosser, and the present, Peter Baysinger, Jacob Culp, and Joseph Bexler, each of whom serves occasionally.

The Metzler Mennonite Church

near North Lima, and the two societies have about 150 members. At the latter place the first meeting-house was built of logs, about 1835, on a lot set off from the farms of Jacob Metzler and Jacob Snyder, and was used until a few years ago, when a brick meeting-house was built by John Metzler, John Burkholder, and Samuel Witmer.

Among the early Mennonites of Beaver were the Overholtzer, Mellinger, Boyer, Blosser, Snyder, Shank, Lehman, Metzler, Stouffer, Yoder, Wissler, Hoover, and Witmer families, most of which have descendants who now constitute the membership of the above congregation.

Meetings of this sect (Dunkers) were held in the southern part of Beaver township as early as 1825, but no house of worship was erected until 1872, when the present church was built, on a lot of ground long ago set aside for this purpose by Messrs. Krumbacber and Myers. It is a plain but substantial frame, 30 by 40 feet, and cost $1400. The meeting is connected with the Bethel meeting, in northwestern Springfield, and has the same officers and ministers. The latter have been Henry Kurtz, James Quinter, Daniel Summers, Richard Brenneman ; and those officiating at present, Jacob H. Kurtz and Jonas Hoke.

Calvary Church Of The Evangelical Association At North Lima

About 1836 the preachers of the denomination began their labors in the neighborhood of North Lima, and soon succeeded in forming a class, which embraced among its members Michael Kick, Adam Wieland, Gabriel Erb, John Mentzer, and J. Paulin. Meetings were first held in private houses and in the school-house ; but some time after 1840 a small church was built at North Lima, nearly opposite the village-hall, which was used a number of years, when it was burned, it is supposed by an enemy of temperance, to prevent the continuation of a series of meetings then being held in that house. It is said that the opposition to the temperance movement was so strong that the speakers were treated with personal abuse and violence.

Shortly after, a new house was built, which was used until 1876, when it was sold for a village-hall and the present attractive edifice erected. It was built by a committee composed of Amos H. Selb, C. Metzler, J. Kreutzer, S. Rau, and W. Creps, and cost $4000. It has a shapely tower, a vestibule, and a gallery, and is well finished throughout. On the 21st of January, 1877, it was formally dedicated by Bishop T. Bowman, assisted by Rev. G. S. Bomer, presiding elder, and the preacher in charge, Rev. H. B. Summers. The church has a membership of 88, forming two classes, led by N. Feucht and J. Ludwig. A Sunday-school of 100 members has W. Creps for superintendent.

Originally, the appointments in this part of the country formed the Columbiana circuit ; but in 1870 this church and the appointments in Springfield were constituted the North Lima circuit, having the parsonage at North Lima.

The preachers on these circuits, in the order of their connection, from 1837 to 1877, have been Revs. Elias Stoever, S. Vangundy, George Dussel, C. G. Koch, Joseph Truby, Abraham Loehner, Joseph Dick, D. L. Miller, A. Stahley, A. Long, S. F. Crowther, G. W, Reisinger, Jacob Rank, G. S. Domer, J. D. Hollinger, A. Loehner, J. J. Bernhart, J. Q. A. Weller, C. W. Davis, W. Houpt, H. B. Summers, and J. D. Domer.

North Lima Methodist Episcopal Church

Methodist meetings were held in the village as early as 1840, the preaching being supplied by the ministers of the Columbiana appointment. Among the members were Samuel Crouse, John H. Donald, Martin Hasness, Solomon Clinker, Henry Buzard, George Buzard, John Sparron, David and Jacob Shanefelt, Solon Painter, and J. G. Leslie.

In 1847 the society built a small frame meeting-house on Boardman Street, which was used for religious meetings until 1870, when it was sold for a mechanic-shop. Death and removals had so much weakened the Methodist interests here that meetings were discontinued before 1865. The house was thereafter occupied by the Lutheran congregation. Among the first Methodist preachers were Revs. James M. Young and Wtn. B. Blackburn ; the Rev. Cunningham was the last.

The Cemeteries

of the township, with one exception, are maintained by the several church societies, and are generally located in close proximity to their buildings. They are well kept, and some of them contain costly and artistic monuments. Many of the early stones bear German inscriptions.

Goshen

In 1785 provision was made by Congress for the division of the Northwestern Territory into ranges and townships, to facilitate the sale of public lands. The township of Goshen is No. 17, in range 4, and is bounded on the north by the townships of Berlin and Ellsworth, in the "Western Reserve;" on the east by the township of Green ; on the south by Butler and Perry ; and on the west by Smith. It was originally in Washington County, and in 1803, upon the organization of Columbiana, was in- , eluded in the territory which comprised that county. In 1846 the northern tier of townships in Columbiana, including Goshen, were set off, with other territory, to form Mahoning County. Goshen contains an area of thirty-two square miles. The principal streams are the middle fork of Beaver Creek, which rises in Perry, flows through the eastern part of Goshen, and passes out of the township across the east line of section 12, and a branch of the Mahoning River, which rises in section 19, and flows in a general course northerly through the western portion of the township, which it leaves about a mile east of the northwest corner.

The township of Goshen, like most of the townships in this portion of old Columbiana County, has an undulating surface, and yields to the landscape outlines of quiet beauty in infinite variety. The northern portion has the greatest I development of these characteristics, though few elevations and depressions even there can properly be termed hills and valleys. These names suggest more of abruptness, - greater heights and depths than are found within the township borders. The soil is fertile and well adapted to grazing and the raising of small fruits.

First Settlements

Anthony Morris came in 1804, and settled on part of the southeast quarter of section 31. His family then consisted of his wife and three children. Nine children were born to them afterwards, of whom four survive, - Mrs. Esther Bolton, of Salem ; Mrs. Sarah Bruff, of Cedar County, Iowa; Mrs. Mary Bolton, of Morrow County, Ohio; and Anthony Morris, of Butler. His wife was Hannah French, sister of Thomas, James, Robert, John, and Barzilla. Mr. Morris was overseer of the poor in 1812. His daughter i Sarah married Janies Bruff, who came in 1822. Col. Joseph Bruff now lives in the old homestead, at Damascus.

Thomas French first came to Damascus in 1805. He bought part of the southwest quarter of section 31 ; Elijah French settled on the remainder. Thomas married a daughter of Jonas Cattell, who located half of section 36, in Salem. In 1814, Mr. French took charge of his orphan nephew, Jonas D. Cattell, - son of Enoch, his wife's brother, - and in 1820 moved to Salem and occupied Enoch's farm. He was one of the early school-teachers in Damascus, and an appraiser of property in the township in 1812.

Horton Howard entered several sections of land in the southwestern part of the township and in Butler as agent for a man by the name of Hoopes. It remained in possession of Mr. Hoopes and his family until 1847, when it was sold, Joseph Edge acting as attorney for the heirs. It was bought- by Benj. Wright, who appointed commissioners to divide it among his five daughters, by whom it was sold to different persons. Isaac Stanley owns a farm in this section. A part of section 29 was of the Hoopes tract.

David Venable came to Goshen about 1805, and settled as a tenant on the farm of Jonas Cattell. He lived there about five years, and then bought land in the northwest quarter of section 22, where he now resides.

Isaac and Thomas Votaw, brothers, came from near Winchester, Va., about 1806. Isaac purchased 240 acres on section 19, where he died about 1820. He had two sons, Benjamin and David, and was trustee of the township in 1812-18.

Robert Armstrong was an early settler. In 1812 he was fence-viewer, and from 1820 to '25 was treasurer. His descendants are living in the township.

Stacy Shreeve, with his wife, came from New Jersey about 1806, and settled on section 19. He was supervisor of the township in 1812. His descendants live in the township, and have held town offices. John, his son, lives on the homestead.

James Brooks came from New York State in 1806, but was originally from Maryland, and settled on the southwest quarter of section 7. A daughter of Mr. Brooks married Dr. James Hughes, and resides at Berlin.

Isaac Ellison came from Virginia in 1806, and settled on the southeast quarter of section 7. lie married a daughter of James Cattell, and was trustee of the township in 1S27- 28 and 1838. Joseph, a son, lives at Damascus.

Zachariah Ellison, father of Isaac, came in 1816, and settled on the northeast quarter of section 19. He married Mary, sister of Isaac Votaw; was treasurer of the township in 1818 - 19, and trustee in 1820 - 21. He died aged eighty

William and James Cattell came before 1810. William settled about a mile west of Goshen. He was trustee in 1813-16, and justice of the peace in 1812. James had a large family of daughters, and settled on part of the northeast quarter of section 19. His daughter, Mrs. Isaac Ellison, lives with William Cattell in Butler township, near the Valley.

Samuel Davis, of Salem, entered section 20 as early as 1804, receiving a deed from the government dated Nov. 1, 1808. He gave the southeast quarter of the section to his daughter, Rachel, who married Lewis Townsend, a brother of Mrs. Dr. Benjamin Stanton, of Salem. Descendants of the family are now - 1879 - living on a part of the land. The northeast quarter was given to William Davis, a son, who was killed on the mountains a few years after, when the property passed to his children.

Joshua Morris came in about 1810, and located a farm a little north of Wm. Fawcett. He sold it in 1818 to James Hemingway, from New Jersey, whose son James was clerk of the township from 1827 to 1842. The farm is now in the possession of David Park, a grandson of James Hemingway.

Aaron Stratton, elder brother of Michael and Stacy, came from New Jersey in 1808, and settled in the northwest corner of section 23, on Beaver Creek, where he soon after built a grist-mill, which well accommodated the country round. The property was sold in 1834 to Emor F. Weaver, and afterwards to Samuel Mathers. It is now owned by Davis Brothers, and is run by steam. Mr. Stratton was township treasurer in 1815. He had a son, Aaron, who lived in Perry township. He married Hannah, daughter of Joseph Townsend, and sister of Mrs. Dr. Benjamin Stanton.

Henry Hinchman came from New Jersey about 1808 with a large family of children, - John, Henry, Aaron, Hannah, Elizabeth, Grace, and Mary, - and settled on the northwest quarter of section 36. His son, Henry, lives in the township. Aaron published a newspaper in 1842, which he printed in his father's house. He afterwards removed to Salem.

Benjamin Butler, Hannah, his wife, and their children, - Lawrence, Ellen, Hannah, John, Meribah, Ann, and Sarah, - came from near Philadelphia, by the way of Lancaster, Harrisburg, and Pittsburgh, in a two-horse wagon, and were about four weeks on the route. They arrived at Salem in April, 1811. Mr. Butler was poor, and settled on the farm of Robert French, in section 36, where he lived a year. He then moved into the present township of Goshen, and occupied land owned by Aaron Street, near the western boundary, and lived there two years. A Friend gave him an opportunity to buy and build, and he purchased 160 acres on section 18, where Elihu Cobb lives, and moved into a building of round logs which he there erected. He lived in this until August, 1828, when he died. He was trustee of the township in 1815-16. Of his living children, John resides in Goshen, Mrs. Sami. Street in Salem, Lawrence near Alliance, Stark Co., Mrs. Meribah Farmer in Cleveland, Mrs. Ellen Child in Iowa.

John Butler, son of Benjamin, purchased a farm adjoining the Friends' meeting-house, and in 1825 built a twostory cabin, of hewn logs, in which he began housekeeping in August of that year. His wife was Driscilla Fawcett, whom he married at the Friends' meeting-house in Salem. In 1829 he purchased the farm he now occupies, which was at that time all woods. Here he built, in 1830, a log house with shingle roof, but, his wife dying in that year, he changed his plans, and did not remove to the farm until his second marriage, in 1834. While living with his father on the farm in section 18, it fell to his lot to do the " milling." He generally carried to mill about two bushels of grain. The mill was nearly due east from the farm, on a branch of Beaver Creek, was known as the " Stratton mill," and was probably built about 1809.

Mr. Butler is a prominent member of the Society of Friends, and was appointed one of the Associated Executive Committee of Friends of the Central Indian Superintendency of the United States, - a position he still holds.

Cooper now lives, adjoining John Butler's present residence. He was a Friend, an elder in the church, and was an honest, straightforward man. His death occurred in 1848. One son lives in Columbiana County, and one in Kansas. He was trustee of the township in 1815 (with Benjamin Butler and Joel Sharp), also in 1823, and clerk in 1818.

Samuel and Thomas Langstaff in 1812 settled, one on the northeast quarter of section 18, the other on the southeast quarter of the same section, and where now is a hamlet called " Boswell."

Joseph Wright came from New Jersey in 1810, settled first on section 13, and moved therefrom to the northeast quarter of section 14, which is now occupied by his grandsons. He lived to old age, and served the township in various offices almost continuously until the time of his death. He was the first township clerk, in 1812-13 ; trustee in 1813 ; clerk from 1819 to 1822 ; and treasurer from 1826 to 1857. He was much esteemed by his townsmen.

Benjamin Malmsbury came from New Jersey with his wife and children about 1812, and bought 160 acres on section 36. He was supervisor in 1815. His children are living on the old farm.

Bazel Perry and his wife came from Maryland in 1811, and settled on the northeast corner of section 5, east of Thomas Votaw. He was not an aspirant for position evidently, for in 1813 he declined the honor of an election to the office of constable.

Richard Templin, from Lancaster Co., Pa., a moulder by trade, settled in the southeast quarter of section 13, about 1825. His son John moved to Patmos about 1831, and settled on the southwest quarter of section 3.

John King, from the same place, and also a moulder, settled on the southeast quarter of section 1, in 1831, where Joshua Bowman lives. His son Joseph lives in Patmos.

Isaac Carr

Isaac Carr was born in New Jersey, Nov. 4, 1796. He married Ann, daughter of George and Elizabeth Crew, in 1815. The same year lie moved to Ohio. His family then consisted of his wife and three children ; the others were horn in this county. Their children were Samuel, George W., Isaac R., R. F., Thomas, Elizabeth, and J. M. ; three only are living. Mr. Carr's opportunities for an education from hooks during his minority were limited, as those of our early settlers who still survive remember well the rude log school-house and its meagre appointments. Mr. Carr was a very successful farmer, and by strict economy, industry, and good management he added from time to time to his first purchase of land in this county until he owned two hundred and twenty acres of finely-improved land, which he divided into three farms, giving one to each of his sons, one ot whom now owns the old homestead. It must indeed be a great pleasure, at the close of a long and useful life, to be able to transmit to our children a comfortable fortune, more especially if it has been acquired in an honorable manner. Mr. Carr died June 3, 1873; Mrs. Carr died Aug. 27, 1859, at the age of sixty-five years. She was a good woman, and many friends deeply regretted her loss.

Isaac R. Carr, third son of Isaac Carr, married Isabella, daughter of Obadiah and Mary Crew. Mr. Crew was among the first settlers of this county, emigrating from Virginia in 1808. Mr. and Mrs. Crew were married in 1799. Mrs. Crew died Oct. 10, 1841; Mr. Crew died Oct. 10, 1845.

Pa., and lived a while with John Straughn, his brother. In 1822 he settled on section 34, of which he bought 74 acres. Daniel Straughn, father of John and Jesse, some years earlier settled the east half of section 34, and gave it to his children. Daniel Straughn, a grandson, now lives on the place.

Stacy Stratton (a brother of Michael and Aaron Stratton, who came in 1806) came from Burlington Co., N. J., and settled first on Mr. Cattell's farm, on the Ellsworth road. In 1823 he purchased the northwest quarter of section 10, where his son, Daniel, and the widow and children of another son, William C., now reside.

Adam Fast, in 1816, purchased the southwest quarter of section 1, and was probably the first person who settled in that part of the township. Jacob Leyman, from Lancaster Co., Pa , who married the daughter of Mr. Fast, received from him this piece of land in 1821. They had six sons and one daughter. Jackson and Joshua settled in the northwest quarter of the same section, and Levi A. in the southwest quarter of section 3, near Patmos.

Peter Gloss, about 1820, bought land in the southeast quarter of section 12, where he built a factory and manufactured wooden bowls. He afterwards settled upon the Cessna farm.

Josiah and Jacob Bowman (sons of Philip Bowman, who settled in Green township), about 1831, settled on the northeast quarter of section 1. Josiah Bowman still resides on the farm. This part of the section was entered by a man named Bowers in 1816.

William Cook entered and lived upon the southeast quarter of section 3, where James Campbell now lives, and afterwards sold it to Capt. Wicks.

William Bradshaw, in 1832, came from Bucks Co., Pa., and bought 106 acres on the northeast quarter of section 9. This land was entered by William Swenn as early as 1820. Ryneer H. Swenn entered the southeast quarter.

William Ware, a native of Baltimore Co., Md., moved to Jefferson Co., Ohio, in 1823, where he remained till 1827. In the winter of 1828-29 he married Elizabeth Gallagher and moved to Salem. He was a blacksmith, and opened a shop, where he worked at his trade until 1839. He then bought 50 acres on section 3, near Patmos, where he now lives. Mr. Ware is a Methodist, and has been a classleader fifteen years. He has had six children, four of whom are living.

Among other early settlers may be mentioned Noah Deed, Christian and David Countryman, Isaac Evans, Enoch Gaus, Joseph Mirl, Nathan Brown, Benjamin and Joshua Owen, Thomas Johnson, Levi Rakestraw, Charles Curl, and Abraham Keflfcr.

Goshen was incorporated Sept. 11, 1810. The first volume of records contains, as the first minute of proceedings, under date of Dec. 30, 1810, an account of the appointment

Jan. 8, 1812, " the township officers met on the first Second day of March," and settled the town accounts. April 6, 1812, the following resolution was passed at a meeting of the inhabitants :

" Resolved , That Isaac Votaw, Michael Stratton, Thomas Conn, Thomas French, and Joel Sharp be a committee to view the southeast quarter of section No. 16, and to conclude on a suitable piece of ground for to set a house for to hold elections in, and to warn the inhabitants to meet and raise a sufficient house for that purpose, and to have the house to hold the fall election in."

The following officers were chosen at this meeting : Township Clerk, Joseph Wright; Trustees, Michael Stratton. Isaac Votaw, Levi Jennings; Overseers of the Poor, Anthony Morris, Isaac Barber; Appraisers of Property, Thomas French, Josiah Stratton; Fence-Viewers, Robert Armstrong, Asa Ware ; Supei'visors, Barzilla French, Stacy Shreeve, Thomas Votaw, Thomas Conn, Abram Warrington ; Treasurer, George Baum ; Constable, Joseph Kindle.

There seems to have been some difficulty in securing a constable, for, on April 10, 1813, out of thirty-three persons named for that office, thirty were summoned, of whom twenty-eight refused to serve, and were fined. The following is the list of the names chosen : Isaac Ellison, Bazel Perry, Henry Hinchman, Christian Countryman, Joseph Iloile, Simeon Jennings, Isaac Gaus, William Johnson, Levi Rakestraw, Joshua Owen, Enoch Gaus, Joseph Mirl, Joel Sharp, Charles Stratton, Nathan Brown, Robert French, John Webb, Noah Reed, David Countryman, Robt. McKim, Evan Gaus, Levi Hoile, Joshua Morris, William Faucett, Richard Webb, Abraham Barber, Thos. Johnson, Jonathan Votaw, Benjamin Owen, Samuel Votaw, Charles Curl, Abraham Keffer.

" George Baum received twenty-fore cents for his services as Treasurer, and there remains in his hands twenty-six cents of the Township money.

"Joseph Wright received an order for five dollars and seventy-five cents for his services, and there remains forty-two dollars of above fine* to collect.

Damascus

This village is situated on the line between the townships of Butler and Goshen. It contains about 400 inhabitants, and on the Goshen side has one church (the Methodist Wesleyan), a post-office, academy, steam saw-mill, a woolenmill, and several stores and shops

Patmos

This part of the township was last settled. It was known as the " Beech Country." and, settlers being distrustful of its productiveness, it was not until 1820 that many began to settle upon its lands.

The first road was opened from east to west across the town, in 1827 ; the north and south road several years later. Prior to their completion blazed trees were the only guide through the forest. A saw-mill was built in 1848 by Charles Grove and John Regie. Benjamin Regie, John Templin, William Ware, and Levi A. Lcyman were among the first settlers in Patmos. The first store was opened in 1850 by James W. Templin. Levi A. Leyman, in 1850, was appointed the first postmaster, and continued in office twelve years. Capt. Coit, of Ellsworth, and Levi A. Leyman, while cogitating upon a name for the new post-office which should be unlike any other name in the State, noticed an open music-book lying near, upon whose pages appeared the good old tune "Patmos." The word was spoken and the name adopted, and " Patmos" it remains. The postmasters who have succeeded Mr. Leyman are Mrs. Catharine Roller, Wm. Bradshaw, and Janies W. Templin, who is the present incumbent. The settlement contains a postoffice, store, saw-mill, blacksmith-shop, carriage-shop, and ten or twelve dwellings.

Post-Offices

The territory for which this office receives the mails is less than formerly. Beloit, Boswell, Valley, and Garfield have all been taken from it. The first office was established at Damascus in 1828, James B. Bruff being the first postmaster. He was succeeded by Martin Dalzell, John P. Gruel, Simeon Fawcett, and Israel Stanley.

Boswell post-office was established about the year 1850. John Martin was the first postmaster; James Early and Peter Morton have succeeded him.

The Friends at an early day formed by far the largest part of the population of the township, and instituted schools, which they kept up even after the organization of the township into school districts. There were at one time nine schools under the care of a visiting committee appointed by the " Monthly Meeting," whose territory comprised the townships of Butler and Goshen. Several of these were family schools.

The first school in the town was opened in the winter of 1812 at the log meeting-house in Goshen, a settlement near the west line of the township. The house was in size about 15 by 24 feet, and was built for both school and " meeting" purposes. The first teacher was Samuel Yotaw, a son of Isaac Yotaw, an early settler in the northwest section of the township. He was a good and kind teacher, and maintained authority without an excessive application of the young and pliant shoots of the birch growing in the vicinity, which were in that day considered efficient " persuaders" to study and good behavior.

A school was opened a little later, near the Stratton mill, and was taught by Daniel Stratton. The teachers who served at the school in the Goshen neighborhood after Mr. Votaw were Martha Townsend (now Mrs. Martha Stanton, living at Salem), who taught in the fall of 1814; William Green, an Irishman; William Titus, a Yankee; and Joshua Crew, who let the pupils do as they pleased ; Benjamin Marshall, who taught three winters; John Butler, who taught ten winters; Isaac Trescott, Solomon Shreeve, Jesse Lloyd, and Stephen Roberts.

At Damascus a school was first taught by Joshua Lynch, afterwards by James Bruff, John P. Gruel, Jacob Hole, Simeon Fawcett, Lydia Maria Stanley, and others.

Prof. Israel P. Hole, with his brother Jacob, afterwards established a school in a large two-story building of brick, situated in spacious grounds on the Goshen side. This they continued for three or four years, when the Friends purchased the property for a " Quarterly-Meeting School." Jesse Lloyd, William P. Pinkham, and Otis Beal were the principal teachers. Prof. Hole conducts a school at present in this building, having leased the property for six years.

There was a school in the Votaw settlement in its earlier years, mostly taught by females. Elizabeth Blackburn taught during several summers. James Hemingway taught in the Benjamin Malmsbury neighborhood.

A log school-house was built and a school supported by subscription about 1825, in what is now district No. 1, half a mile east of Patmos. Andrew Templin was the first teacher.

In 1821 a law was passed authorizing the township trustees to submit the question to the people whether the township should be divided into districts. Laws were passed subsequently, from time to time, in the interest of education. Section 10, in this township, had been set apart in the original survey for school purposes. This land was sold by the State, and the purchase-money, deposited with the Auditor of State, constitutes a fund the interest of which is yearly paid to the school districts. The town has eight school districts.

The following schedules give the value of the schoolhouses and grounds of the several school districts, as shown by the reports of the board of education in October, 1853,

Ecclesiastical

The first meeting of Friends for worship in the township was at Goshen. . Soon after, a log school- and meeting-house was erected in the southeast quarter of section 18, where several of the Friends had located. Among the families were those of Isaac Votaw, Stacy Shreeve, Thomas Votaw, Samuel and Thomas Langstoff, and Benjamin Butler. One Sunday morning in 1842, after the fires had been built for morning service, the building caught fire, and was totally destroyed. The Friends immediately built a long log building, rough but commodious, as a temporary place of worship, to last until they could complete a better one. In 1825 they built the present brick meeting-house. The society numbers at its Monthly Meeting about 350 members.

In the winter of 1826 the " Upper Springfield Monthly Meeting" was established at Damascus, and included the settlement at Goshen. In 1837 the " Upper Springfield Quarterly Meeting" was established. After 1827 a few Idieksite Friends met occasionally at the school-house, then situated in the north part of the township, on section 5, and near the present cemetery.

Methodist Episcopal Church

. About 1820, in the neighborhood of what is now " Patinos," Isaiah Bogle, William Swenn, William Ovington, Daniel Applegate, Ann McKim, and Rachel Perry formed a class and held religious services. A small log church was built where the present church now stands, and preaching was enjoyed occasionally; but it was not continued with much success. About 1830 successful efforts were made to infuse new life into the organization, and in 1836 a frame church, 30 by 40 feet in size, was erected. This building answered the purposes of t he society until 1S63, when a new one was built, whose dimensions were 40 by 60 feet, at a cost of S1400, on the southeast corner of section 8, the site of the log church.

Among the pastors have been Revs. Kineer, J. M. Bray, Murray, White, Cunningham, Weekly, Fast, Campbell, Thomas Stover, McCarty, Brown, J. M. Bray, J. Lang, Crook, and G. W. Anderson, who is now in charge, 1879. The church has 73 members and a Sunday-school of 100 pupils, of which Ezra Shreeve is superintendent. The church was at first in the Salem charge, Alleghany district, but is now in Damascoville charge, Canton district.

Bethel Methodist Church

About 1840 services were held at the house of John King (where Joshua Bowman now lives, in the southeast quarter of section 1) by persons identified with the Methodist denomination. Nicholas Gee, a local preacher of what is now Youngstown district, organized the class with the following members: John King and wife, Joseph Gluts and wife, Keziah Grubb, Theron Laudon and wife, John Levman, Margaret and Martha King. John King was leader. Services were held at Mr. King's house for about four years, and subsequently in the school-house. In 1847 the society erected a church about two miles east of Patmos.

The pastors who succeeded Mr. Gee were Revs. Kent, Kineer, Hueston, Hess, Butts, Henderson, White, Fribley, Montgomery, Ambler, Roller, Wright, Fast, Dales, Campbell, Kendig, High, Murray, Smith, and Ward. The latter was pastor at the dissolution of the church, which had at that time about 16 members, part of whom joined the Goshen Methodist Episcopal church. During its existence it was under the Salem charge.

Methodist Wesleyan Church

This church was organized, in the fall of 1874, at Damascoville, or Damascus, with about 25 members, under the Rev. C. F. Hawley, who was succeeded by Rev. Childs. A church was erected, in 1875, on Poplar Street, in the towmship of Goshen, at a cost of $2100.

Burying-Geounds

The first burying-ground in the township was opened at Damascus, but is now unused. One was opened at Goshen in 1813, which is still used. The first body buried within it was that of an Irishman named Wm. McConnell.

Another ground for burials is situated on the north side of the township, and belongs to a number of Hicksite Friends, who had at one time a small church near it.

Industrial Dunn, Sample & Co

This woolen-mill was erected in 1866, by a company called the " Quaker Manufacturing Company," composed of J. Fawcett, S. Shreeve, David Park, J. M. Hole, A. Stanley, G. Hively, Baker & Beuford, and Stanley & Shriver. A change of ownership was first made in 1873, since which time the mill has passed to numerous other proprietors. In June, 1878, it became the property of Dunn, Sample & Co., who run 200 spindles.

The Press

The art of Faust and Guttenberg found a lodgment in the sparsely-settled township of Goshen in the year 1842, when Aaron Hinchman, a native of the town, founded a paper, to which he gave the name of the Self- Examiner. This publication was based upon the comprehensive principles of the following prospectus, which was published in the Village Register soon after the first few numbers of his paper were issued :

" Proposals. - For improving and extending the circulation of the Self- Examiner. The proprietor of the Self- Examiner, encouraged by the liberal support already received, is induced by the solicitations of his friends to ofler proposals tor the further improvement and extension of its circulation.

" The leading object of the Examiner will be to aid in restoring man to his proper station, that he may accomplish the end for which he was created.

" It will endeavor to eradicate prejudice and selfishness from among mankind, and institute in their place a spirit of liberality, forbearance, tolerance, and brotherly love.

"All combined parties organized to cover with reproach whoever may differ from themselves, and to drown the free expression of opinion, will be condemned and held up to public view.

"The subject of -Association' will be discussed and commented upon, and all other subjects calculated to interest or benefit the reader will find a place in its columns; and to further enhance the value of the work, the aid of several accomplished writers has been solicited, and it is confidently expected that they will become its regular contributors.

" Terms. - It will be issued monthly, in newspaper form, of respectable size, at the following unprecedentedly low rates, viz. : 25 cents per year, in advance; 37 J cents if paid within twelve months; anil 50 cents if delayed until after the expiration of the year.

" The first improved number will be issued as soon as an amount of subscription can be obtained sufficient to meet the necessary outlay. (Address, post paid), Self-Examiner, Salem, Columbiana Co., Ohio.

The name of this publication was afterwards changed to Friend of Man, and continued a short time, when Mr. Hinchman became interested in the Village Register , published at Salem, and removed to that place.

Jonathan Davis

Solomon Davis, father of the subject of this sketch, was a native of Virginia, from whence he moved to Ohio in 1821, and settled in Columbiana County. He brought with him a family of ten children, and eleven were subsequently born, making the large family of twenty-one children ; nine are now living, of whom seven are the issue of his second marriage. His first purchase in Columbiana County was eighty acres in Hanover township. Two years later he moved on to a farm near Wellsville, but remained only a short time, again removing to Columbiana County, and settling in Knox township, where he purchased a farm of one hundred and sixty acres. He lived in that vicinity until his death, which occurred in Butler township, Nov. 6, 1847.

Jonathan Davis was the only son by his father's first marriage, and was born in Monongahela Co., Va. He assisted his father in the hard labor incident to the life of farmers of the pioneer period. No beautiful prairie, with its waving grass, met the eye of the early settler who came to find a home in this part of the county at that early day, but the tall trees of the forest, nodding in the wind, seemed to defy the axe of the early settler. The sons of farmers understood the meaning of the words " clearing," "log-rolling," " bee-coursing." and many other terms familiar then,

Abel Strawn

Abel Strawn was born in Bucks Co., Pa., in 1800 ; lived with his father until 1822, when he emigrated to Ohio and settled in Goshen township; in 1823 married Miss Hannah Spencer, who lived to rear a large family.

His father (Daniel Strawn) entered land in Goshen township in 1805, which is now owned by his grandson, D. P. Strawn. Daniel Strawn's family consisted of sixteen children, - eight boys and eight girls. This large family all lived to be grown and married.

When Mr. Abel Strawn purchased his land but little of it was ready for cultivation. He has cleared it and made for himself and family a desirable home. This he has done by hard labor and strict economy. He did not devote his entire time to farm-work, but found time to engage in the manufacture of brick, his sons, J. S. and D. P. Strawn, managing this part of the work a part of the time. Mr. Strawn is now living at the age of fourscore years. He has lived to see the almost unbroken forest give place to the beautiful farm-houses with their modern conveniences which dot every hill and valley around him, and to see villages on either side of him with

The Strawn family held a reunion in July, 1879. From the Salem Republican the following notice is taken: "The family connections of Abel Strawn gathered at the old homestead, three miles west of Salem, on the 8th of July, to celebrate his eightieth birthday. Those present were Abel Strawn (the subject of this sketch); Jesse Strawn, his only surviving brother; Ella Livesley, his only surviving sister; and her husband, Jason Livesley." It then enumerates forty-six other family connections, adding : "And these are all Republicans. After partaking of a refreshing supper and tarrying a while in the evening, cheered with pleasant music, they all returned to their several homes well pleased with the reunion, feeling it was time well spent."

Mrs. Strawn has been deceased some time. The helpmate of a pioneer in all the vicissitudes of a new country, with its trials and privations, tills no less an important place than the pioneer himself. Such an one was Mrs. Strawn. The place left vacant by the death of a good mother can never be tilled. " Her children rise up and call her blessed." but now almost unknown. Amid such scenes young Davis spent nineteen years of his early life, when he left home and commenced the manufacture of brick, which business he continued for forty-two years. Nov. 5, 1833, he married Susan, daughter of Nicholas Leonard. To them were born three children, viz. : Sarah J., James, Harriet M., all deceased. Sarah died April 14, 1835 ; James died Out. 5, 1836; Harriet died Aug. 26, 1872. Harriet was married to a Mr. Townsend, and left two children at her death, - Horace D., who lives with his father, and Howard W., who is with his grandfather, Jonathan Davis.

Mrs. Davis died Jan. 16, 1850. Mr. Davis married for his second wife Emily, daughter of G. and Rachel Aten, in October, 1850. She died Aug. 13, 1856. His third wife was Margaret, daughter of Levi and Rhoda Burden, to whom he was married March 17, 1857.

Mr. Davis bought the farm upon which he now lives in 1862. Both himself and wife are regular attendants of the Methodist church. And now, after seventy years of life's experience, lighted with joy and shaded with sorrow, Mr. Davis is looking forward to the time when he will hear the dip of the boatman's oars who comes to ferry him across the dark river, which his loved ones have already crossed, to the joy of the reunion " over there."

One of the thriftiest farmers in Goshen township is D. P. Strawn. He was born in Columbiana County, in 1827, where lie assisted his father in the business of farming and brick-making during the early part of his life, lie and his brother J. S. Strawn superintended the manufacturing of the brick. At nineteen years of age he left this business and decided to commence the battle of life for himself, hiring out by the month to work. From the time of his earliest recollection he had a great desire to have an education. This he revolved in his mind, and finally decided it could be done. While laboring by the month he used the strictest economy, both in time and money, not wasting his evenings and leisure moments, as many young men of his day were then doing. He had received but little assistance from the district schools, as they were poor ; but, by studying at night, he was able, finally, to enter Mount Union College, in Stark Co., Ohio, and there took his place in the highest class in mathematics then in the school. He attended school here two years, and during his entire stay was a hard student and ranked among the best in mathematics in the institution. In 1855 he purchased his first real estate, consisting of a house and lot joining his father's farm. In 1856 he added fifty acres to this. In 1856 he was elected to the office of township clerk, and in 1857 justice of the peace. These offices he held with credit to himself and perfect satisfaction to the community. He still farmed for several years and taught school during the winter months. Thus we see he has ever been engaged in active life, believing it " better to wear out than to rust out."

In 1864 he sold his farm and bought one hundred acres in Goshen township, Mahoning Co , which had been entered by his grandfather (Daniel Strawn) in 1805. He is still living on this farm, having spent much time and money in its improvement. He has taken pride in getting together a fine collection of fruit-trees, an illustration of which can be seen on another page of this work, in connection with a view of his house. D. P. Strawn has been solicited often by prominent men of the county to accept offices of trust, but, uot wishing to become a public man, has always declined this honor. He is fully competent to fill any of these offices, as he has spent considerable time in the study of law, never having been admitted to the bar because he has never made an application to be admitted. In 1855, D. I'. Strawn married Esther, daughter of Wm. R. and Judith Spencer. Their family consists of five children, all boys, and all living at home with their parents.

Mr. and Mrs. Strawn rightfully enjoy the respect and esteem of the community in which they live, and we feel assured that their portraits, as also the illustration of their residence, will be a source of satisfaction to themselves, to their children, and to their many friends.

J. S. Strawn was born in Butler township, Columbiana Co., July 29, 1824, on the farm owned by his grandfather, John Spencer, who purchased the farm in 1805, and came from Pennsylvania with his family in 1806.

When J. S. Strawn was but one year old he was brought over to Goshen township by his parents, who had bought a farm there two years before. J. S. Strawn remained on the farm with his father until he was twenty-two years old ; he then bought a farm of eighty acres in Goshen township. This purchase was made in March, 1847. He has since added seventy-four acres more to his first purchase, making a farm of one hundred and fifty-four acres. One hundred acres of this land has been cleared by him and put under cultivation. Jan. 28, 1848, J. S. Strawn married Betsey, daughter of John and Mary Mead. They have four children, - Esther M., Margaret A., Eva 11., and Josephine. All are living. Esther is now Mrs. Albert Burton. Margaret is now Mrs. J. P. Smith. J. S. Strawn has been engaged not only in farming, but lias bad charge of a sawmill, of which he bought a half-interest from William Kidd. These two gentlemen ran the mill two years, when Kidd sold his interest to Mead, and it was in operation under the management of this firm for sixteen years. In 1872, J. S. Strawn sold to a son of Mead. This mill was built in 1847, and the engine then put in by Thomas Sharp is still in the mill. Mrs. Strawn is of English descent, and was born in England, Oct. 26, 1827, coming to this country with her parents when but three years of age.

J. S. Strawn has held several offices of trust in the township in which he lives. He is at present treasurer of the Summit Oil Company, of Pennsylvania. Portraits of Mr. and Mrs. Strawn, together with an illustration of their pleasant home, will be found elsewhere in this work, where it will remain as a monument to their industry and economy.

Joel Armstrong

Joel Armstrong first saw the light on the morning of Aug. 9, 1808. His native element was the farm. He was born on a farm in Columbiana County. To agricultural pursuits alone he devoted bis earliest and his latest labors, and no other business- had sufficient charms to draw him away from his plow. Mrs. Armstrong was born in Fayette Co., Pa., April 26, 1821.

The family of Mr. Armstrong consisted of eight children, of whom six are living. Ann P., born Dec. 1, 1838, died Aug. 17, 1873. Elizabeth T., born Feb. 18, 1840, was married to J. W. Templin, Oct. 18, 1860, living in Mahoning County; Win. T., born March 2, 1842, was killed at the battle of Perryville, on the 18th of October, 1862; Martha D., born Feb. 13, 1844, married to J. B. Templin, living in Nebraska; S. H., born Sept. 26, 1846, married Addie, daughter of Mathias Johnson, living on the homefarm ; Sarah S., born Sept. 29, 1848, married to W. II. Arnold, living in Salem; Charlotte, born Sept. 23, 1850, living at the old home; R. S., born June 21, 1853, living at the old home.

Joel Armstrong died Feb. 10, 1865; Mrs. Joel Armstrong is still living. She, with three of her children, above mentioned, live at the old home. This farm was entered by the father of Joel Armstrong in 1805, owned by Joel, and is now in the hands of the third generation, the son, S. II., who inserts the view of this old and muchloved home. Many pleasant associations cluster around a home like this, when the forefather left a home, perchance, of comparative ease and comfort, and came to an almost unsettled country to endure the privations and hardships incident to new settlers, till his steady and earnest toil was rewarded by the blessings and crowned, with the many bounties of Providence. Great changes grow out of steady and constant strokes; the sturdy forest is laid low, and there in time is reared the pleasant home, with all its cherished adornments.

George Keeler

In the State of New Jersey, George Keeler first opened his eyes to the light of day on the 4th of October, 1817. When he was eight years old his parents and their family moved to Columbiana County. The family consisted of eleven children, - six sons and five daughters; six of these were born in New Jersey, and five in Ohio. George resided with his parents during the early part of his life, assisting on the farm. He concluded to begin life for himself, his first important transaction being his marriage. In the year 1842 he led to the altar Tabitha, daughter of John and Mary Addis, a very estimable lady. His decision then was to secure a home in the country. His first purchase was one hundred and sixty acres of land, for which he paid thirty dollars and fifty cents per acre. Shortly after this purchase he made the second, of fifty-three acres, at fifty dollars per acre, and the third, of ninety acres, at forty-five dollars per acre ; the last purchase is situated in Berlin township, Mahoning Co. He has devoted much of his time to trading and dealing in stock. He now has on his farm about four thousand dollars' worth of cattle and sheep, eighty head of cattle, and three hundred head of sheep. By industry and frugality, coupled with a certain degree of shrewdness, he has managed to secure a comfortable competency, which he now enjoys, with a fair prospect of continuing thus to reap the benefits of a successful career for yet many years. In politics, Mr. Keeler has always been called a Democrat, but he has not always supported the nominations of that party, reserving for himself the right to select from the two parties the man he considered best fitted for the position to be occupied.

Mr. Keeler's family consists of eight children, as follows : Markis, Fred, Mary J., Martha, Franklin, Oren, Jobe, and Huldah M. All are living but one, - Markis, who died April 10, 1846, aged three years.

Green

This township is situated on the southern border of ! Mahoning County, near the centre, and is bounded on the north by the townships of Ellsworth and Canfield ; on the east by the township of Beaver; south, by Salem and Perry ; and west, by Perry and Goshen. Its northern boundary is the southern line of the " Western Reserve."

The surface is that of an undulating upland, broken only by the valleys lying along the middle fork of Beaver Creek. This fork enters the township in section 7 (near the north pait, on the west line), flows southeasterly, passing near New Albany, crosses section 29 of Perry township, and enters Green again on section 28 ; thence it flows southeast through section 33, passing into the township of Salem, about half a mile west of the corporation of Washingtonville.

One of the forks of Beaver Creek rises in the northeast part of the township, flows southerly through the second tier of sections from the east, and passes out on the south border at Washingtonville.

The soil of the township is well adapted to the cultivation of trees, small fruits, grass, and grain. The valleys and slopes are heavily timbered with oak, chestnut, and beech. Woodlands and cultivated fields abound, and form on every hand pictures pleasing to the eye.

Eaely Settlements

The attention of the Germans, and of the people of the eastern part of Pennsylvania, was early attracted by the excellence of the land in the Northwest Territory ; and soon after the lands were surveyed and made accessible, and land-offices opened, many emigrated with their families to the then far West. Green township received its proportion of the incoming tide of population.

Section

For many years this section was unoccupied. It was entered by a man who lived at the East, and was afterwards bought by Eben Newton, of Canfield, whence it is known as the "Newton Section." It has been subdivided into smaller farms. In the northern part of the section are several small coal-banks.

Section Ii

Among the emigrants who came to this country from Germany were Henry Pyle and his wife. They entered section 2 about the year 1804, and were the first who settled in that part of the township. They lived in a small log house on section 10, afterwards used as a school-house, before they moved upon the land they had bought. In after-years the section was divided among his children. A daughter of Ilenry Pyle married David Loveland, and

The Niles and New Lisbon Railroad runs through this section, and a station called "Loveland" is. situated upon the lower border. Near the depot is a saw-mill owned by J. Paulin. An Evangelical Association church is also situated near the station. A fruit and ornamental nursery, situated on the northeast quarter of the section, and owned by Lewis Templin, has been for several years in successful operation.

A post-office was established at Loveland in 1869. Lewis Templin is postmaster. Mr. Templin was one of the contributors to the history of Mahoning County.

Section Iii

live upon it. It remained in his possession until 1829, when he sold the northwest quarter to John Beard, the northeast quarter to Caspar Kenreieh, the southeast quarter to Nicholas Knauff, and the southwest quarter to John Goodman. A steam saw-mill is on the northwest quarter of the section, and is owned by Jacob Toots.

Section Iv

Ilenry Beard, with his wife and five children, sons and daughters, emigrated from Germany to this country in 1804, and entered section 4, built a log house, and commenced subduing the native forests. The mighty oaks and towering chestnuts fell beneath the sturdy blows, the dense woods gave way to small clearings, which in turn were enlarged under the plodding persistence of this hardy family of Teutons.

John, the eldest son, succeeded to the northeast quarter of the section. John Goodman, a son-in-law, came into possession of 100 acres on the south side of the section. Henry, a son, occupied 100 acres north of Goodman's farm. Caspar Kenreieh and Valentine Clay, sons-in-law, had each 100 acres, and Nicholas Knauff, a grandson, occupied the homestead. Much of this section is in the possession of the family at the present time, 1879.

James Webb, a son of John Webb, of Salem, entered the south half of section 5, paying therefor $1.25 per acre, and John Beard, the son of Ilenry, who entered section 4, purchased the nortli half. In 1846, Henry Beard, a son of John Beard, purchased of James Webb the place where he now lives. His son Samuel, and Henry E., son of John, Jr., occupy the south half of the section.

Section Vi

This section was first settled upon by Philip Bauman, who exchanged for it land he owned in Redstone, Pa. It was afterwards divided among his children, - Christian, Joshua, John, and a son-in-law, - the descendants of whom are still living on this section, and on adjoining sections in Green and Goshen. Comfort C. Bauman is living on the northwest quarter of section 6, and John Bauman on the southwest quarter.

Section Vii

Michael Durr and two sisters, Elizabeth and Mary, emigrated from Ireland, and entered section 7 in 1804. With the exception of a farm in the northeast quarter, owned by Joshua Bauman, and one by John Cessna, in the northwest quarter, the section remained in the possession of the family.

Section Viii

This section was occupied early by a man named Rupert, who lived where St. Clair Travis now lives, on the southwest quarter. A man named Hahn settled on the

Section Ix

Early settlers upon section 9 were Jacob Cool, who settled on the northeast quarter, where H. Goodman resides, and George and Jacob Countryman, who located on the southeast quarter, where Jacob Cook lives. On the latter farm is a large spring. Mr. Goss settled near the middle of the east half of the section where M. Kenreich lives.

For many years this section remained unsettled, the persons who entered it living in the East. Jacob Miller and Michael and George Culps were probably the first to open the way and commence the development of the rich and yielding soil.

The Culps held land in the south part of the section which is now occupied by Deacon Cook and L. M. P. Frederick. Andrew Cockel purchased a part of the farm of Jacob Miller. James McKee was in the northeast part of the section, where John Beard lives.

Section Xii

Philip Ilouts, a German, settled on the west part of section 12, and divided it among his children. On the place was a large spring, where Houts built a distillery, which was in operation for many years, and until about

Sections Xiii. And Xxiv

These two sections were purchased about 1815 by Joshua Calvin for his sons, who came out from New Jersey with their families in 1816, arriving April 27th, of that year. Section 13 had been previously entered by Michael and Rudolph Cook, who sold to Joshua Calvin. Samuel, son of Joshua, located on this section, and Luther, another son, located upon the section south. These sections are yet chiefly in the possession of the family.

Two hundred acres of the northwest quarter of section 24 were bought quite early by William Hendricks from a man who lived "on the other side of the mountains." A school-house stands on the southwest corner of section 13. A Baptist church and a burying-ground are situated on the northwest corner of section 24.

Section Xiv

Section 14 was entered by a stranger who became involved in financial difficulty and sold it to Abram Garber. The latter sold the southeast quarter to Robert Calvin, who, with his sons, still occupies it. Jonas Slagle purchased the northeast quarter. The west half passed through many hands. The Niles and New Lisbon Railroad passes through the section parallel with the western line, and a short distance therefrom. Greenford station is on the east-and-west highway, near Green Village.

Section Xv

Lewis Baker, a native of Kentucky, married Elizabeth, a daughter of John Zimmerman, who entered section 34. In 1808 they located on the southeast quarter of section 15, where the Lutheran church now stands. Lewis Baker, Jacob Wilhelm, and Jacob Cook owned the land where the village of Green is situated. The northern part of the

Section Xvi

This section was set aside by government as a school lot. A law of the State permitted a sale of the lot for school purposes, and in 1849 a majority of the people decided it should be sold. In accordance with such decision, the auditor of state ordered a public sale in the year named.

Section Xvii

Job Cooke, one of the early settlers at Salem, entered section 17 and divided it among his sons. Jacob was given the south third, Thomas the middle, and William the north third. This third afterwards passed into the hands of George Pow, to whose estate it still belongs. One or two small coalbanks have been opened in the southwest quarter of the section.

Section Xviii

About 1810, James Wilson entered this section, and held it in the family many years. He divided it among his children. William came into possession of the northwest quarter, and James the northeast quarter. John and his two sisters occupy the south half, the old homestead. There is a coal-bank on the farm, which has been opened many years, but is not much worked at present.

Section Xix

Edward Bonsall came from Mount Pleasant, Jefferson Co., Ohio, having married Rachel, the daughter of Abram Warrington. Mr. Warrington had located section 19 for him in 1811. It was afterwards divided between Mr. Bonsall's sons. Edward lives on the southeast quarter. Ivan and Joshua live on the northeast quarter, where John Sears now lives ; Isaac, on the southwest quarter.

Edward Bonsall, thirty-five or forty years ago, began an ornamental and fruit nursery, which is still in successful cultivation. His son, Joseph, started a market-garden, and has extended his business to the cultivation of flowers. Coal has been mined to some extent on this section for many years. The vein is an average of three feet in thickness, and yields, as now worked, nearly 40,000 bushels annually.

Section Xx

Elisha Teeter entered this section for his §ons about the year 1808. John had the south third, where John Gordon resides ; Jonathan, the middle third ; William, the east side of the north third ; Wilson lived on the homestead, where the town of New Albany is situated. Wilson Teeter and Edwin Webb built at New Albany, in 1822, the first steam-mill in this part of the country. The engine was brought from Pittsburgh, and, it proving to be very faulty, a law-suit grew out of its purchase. The next year after, a grist-mill was erected at l he settlement. These mills continued many years, and were finally sold to David Ball, who removed the machinery of the saw mill to Green Village.

A coal-bank was opened by the Teeters about forty-five years ago, and is now owned by Charles Getz. It is probably the largest in the township, excepting the banks at Washingtonville, and extends under the surface half a mile. The vein is about three feet thick. The bank now owned by John Gordon was also opened by the Teeters, but is worked by Robert Auld, master.

Sections Xxi. And Xxii

These sections were held as " reserved lands" for many years. Jeremiah Callahan, Philip Bush, Jacob Wilhelm, Caleb Roller, John Stahl, and others, from about 1819 to 1825, settled upon them. II. Wilhelm lives on the property purchased by bis father, in the northwest quarter of section 22. The Stahls hold the farm they first selected, on the northeast quarter of section 22. John Stahl, a grandson, is engaged in the drug-business in Green. John Bush occupies the farm Philip selected in 1819. Caleb Roller lived on the north part of section 21; I) aniel Coy, where the Disciple church now stands. Jeremiah Callahan,

A log church was built in an early day on the northwest corner of section 21, which was torn down about 1845. A grave-yard was opened, adjoining, which is still used. The Disciple church is situated west of the site of the old log church. A school-house stands on the east-and-west road on the north side of the section. A coal-bank has been opened in the northwest quarter.

Section Xxiii

This section was entered by a man from Pennsylvania. In 1816 he sold the north half to Michael Roller, of Virginia, who sold the west half of his purchase to Joseph Charlton. A part of the south half was sold to Michael Dressel, by whose descendants it is owned. Michael Roller brought an apple-tree from his Virginia home, which was carefully cultivated by Dr. J. M. Hole. The stock has been extensively distributed through the country, and is known as the " Roller Spitzenberg." S. W. Roller, a son of Michael, is living on the farm purchased by his father.

Sections Xxv. And Xxyi

These sections, it is believed, were entered by John Harness and Jacob Mornert in 1804. They were sold, years afterwards, to the Stouffers, Ktiopp, the Rollers, and others. A school-house is situated on the southwest corner of section 26.

Section Xxvii

Peter Weikert and John Carr, then neighbors, living in Adams Co., Pa., some time in 1804, saddled their horses and journeyed westward, to view the country for the purpose of finding homes for their families where soil and climate both were good. They traveled by a pocket-compass, following section lines. Mr. Weikert was pleased with section 27, and entered it at Steubenville. Mr. Carr went farther, and entered a section near where Georgetown is situated. The next year Mr. Wiekert moved to his new home, with his wife and a family of nine children. John settled on the northeast quarter, where Josiah Weikert now resides ; Andrew, on the, northwest quarter ; David, on the southwest quarter; and Jacob, on the southeast quarter. Dr. Andrew and Jacob now - 1879 - live at Green Village. Dr. Weikert has been for many years a practicing physician and surveyor, and was clerk of the township from 1831 to 1845.

Section Xxviii

In 1804, Elias Adgate and William and James Callahan, all brothers-in-law, left Redstone, Pa., and set out for the West. At that time nothing less than a section could be entered. Elias Adgate entered section 28, which subsequently was divided, Adgate taking 120 acres of the east part of the south half; James Callahan, the remaining part of the south half; and William Callahan, the north half. Mr. Callahan afterwards divided his land among his children, leaving to Elias 55 acres, in the northeast corner; to Nancy, who married Isaac Brookhast, 55 acres ; to

Jeremiah Callahan, a brother of William and James, came to Green in 1812, and settled near his brother William, on the section north. He had made a prior visit to Green with his brothers.

Jesse Callahan, another brother of William and James, came about 1808 and worked with them for a time, and then returned to Pennsylvania. He finally removed permanently to Columbiana County. His son, Thomas, has lived many years at the northeast corner of section 34.

Section Xxxiii

This section was entered by Samuel Davis in 1803. He received a deed from the government, signed by Thomas Jefferson, dated March 10, 1807. This section was distributed by gift and sale. The northeast quarter of the section was given to Rebecca Schofield, and is now occupied by J. M. Kenreich ; the northwest quarter to Mary Hawley, whose daughters, Mrs. Thomas and Mrs. Iliddleson, are the present owners. The southeast quarter was sold to John Briggs, who built a grist-mill on the creek about 1819. Aaron Holloway, a few years later, built another mill, which is still standing, a short distance below the first, and is the property of J. H. Sell. Caleb Rossell purchased the southwest quarter, now owned by P. T. B. Ward.

Section Xxxiv

John Zimmerman, of Lancaster Co., Pa., catne to this country in 1804 in search of land, and, being pleased with the situation of section 24, entered it. In the next year he moved upon it with his family, consisting of his wife, his son Peter and wife, his sons John, Conrad, Joseph, and Henry, and his daughters Mary, Susan, and Catharine.

The section was subsequently divided, Peter receiving 100 acres, where William Betts now lives, in the southeast part of the section ; Joseph, 208 acres, where his son Abram now lives; John, 100 acres in the southwest corner of the section, where John Shrimp resides; Henry, 110 acres in the northwest quarter, where Jacob Stofer resides ; Conrad, 50 acres in the northeast corner, where Thomas Callahan now resides. Mary (a daughter of his son John), who had married Henry Coy, received 50 acres, where J. J. Moyer now lives.

Michael, Baltzer, and Caleb Roller, brothers, came from Huntingdon Co., Pa. Michael entered section 35 in 1801. Afterwards he gave the northwest quarter to his son Jacob, whose son William is now living at Greenford. To William, another son, he gave the southwest quarter. Thomas and James had the homestead, where Henry Walters now lives, on the east half of the section.

Washington ville is situated on sections 35 and 36 in this township, and sections 1 and 2 in the township of Salem. Land for a church-site and burying-ground was given at a very early day by Michael and Baltzer Roller.

then returned and settled upon the section. John B., a son, had the homestead, situated on the southeast quarter, Jacob B., the southwest quarter, and Joseph a part of the remainder. The most of the north half was sold to other persons.

Col. Jacob B. Roller, son of Baltzer, served the district as a State representative for twenty-one years. He was in Gen. Harrison's army, and was at Fort Meigs. While in the woods near the fort he stopped at a spring, and while stooping to drink was startled by the whizz of a bullet, which grazed the back of his head. He sprang to his feet, and, seizing his gun, fired at a retreating Indian, who, however, escaped uninjured.

Green township was incorporated June 3, 1806, under the general laws of the State, and was then in Columbiana County, where it remained until the organization of Mahoning County, in 1846, when it was attached to that county. It originally contained 36 square miles, but by the organization of the township of Perry, in 1832, was reduced to thirty-two square miles.

The fi rst and second volumes of early records of the township are lost. The following list contains the names of all who hav.e served in township offices, so far as could be ascertained :

Justices Op The Peace Green Village

> and Jacob Cook. Abram Stofer (or Stauffer) kept the first store. Samuel Hardman, David Weikert, and J. M. Hole have succeeded him. The first post-office was established in 1831, and William Van Horn was the first postmaster. He has been succeeded by David Weikert, William Roller, Danl. Beam, N. P. Callahan, A. S. Griffith, and Henry Shray, who is the present postmaster.

The village at present - 1879 - contains three churches, Lutheran, German Lutheran, and Swedenborgian, a postoffice, school-house, drug-store, two dry-goods- and grocerystores, a tannery, steam saw- and planing-mill, grist-mill, two blacksmith-shops, two wagon-shops, two shoe-shops, and one millinery-store. In the village are two practicing physicians.

This town was laid out about 1832, principally through the exertions and influence of Michael Frederick, and is situated in the townships of Green and Salem. It contains two churches (Methodist and Evangelical Lutheran), a postoffice, school-house, three hotels, two blacksmith-shops, four grocery-stores, one dry-goods-store, one drug-store, two carriage-shops, two shoe-shops, about seventy-five dwellings, and has a population of 800.

The first hotel was opened by Michael Frederick, about 1833. The first store was opened, in what is now " Railroad Tavern," by Jacob Stoffer,* who was appointed postmaster upon the establishment of the post-office, in 1830. He was succeeded as postmaster by Jacob Borton, Henry Estep, George R. Hillburn, John B. Stover, Samuel Greenwold, and John R. Stover, who is the present postmaster.

Peter Miller was the first blacksmith who opened a shop. Before removing to Washingtonville he resided one year at New Lisbon, where he built the first brick house. About 1828, John Miller, a blacksmith, began the manufacture of edge-tools, which he continued for about ten years.

New Albany

New Albany is situated about two miles and a half west from Green Village, and contains a store, post-office, blacksmith-shop, and 22 dwellings. The first steam-mill in the county was built at this place, by Wilson Teeter and Edwin Webb, by whom the town was laid out. The postoffice was established prior to 1853. The first postmaster was Henry Thulen, who was succeeded by Joshua Webb, Daniel Beam, Charles Taylor, Lemuel Hixson, Solomon Russell, David Coy, and Lewis Pow, the present incumbent.

Soon after the settlers came to the township an effort was made among the widely-scattered families to assemble the children for purposes of education. Elisha Teeter gave for school and burying purposes a piece of ground situated on the east side of section 20, and a log school-house was built, about 20 by 24 feet in size, with a puncheon floor and a door with wooden hinges. The children from sections 17, 18, 19, and 20 attended school at this house. The first teacher was Edward Bonsai! , who was succeeded by Rachel, his wife, and Priscilla Fisher, wife of William Fisher, - both daughters of Abram Warrington. John Cowdin, Patrick Smith, and Daniel Stratton were also teachers before the adoption of the district-school system.

The first school-house for children living in the north middle part of the township was on the New Lisbon road, on land now owned by John Cook, on section 10. This was a log house built by Henry Pyle, who soon after removed to section 2. It was fitted with slab seats, and with desks fastened against the walls with wooden pins. In 1814, Samuel McBride was hired to teach. George Pow succeeded him. No school was taught there after Mr. Pow retired until the district schools were opened, in 1827. The children from other sections, far and near, attended school in this log building.

The first school in the centre of the township was held in the log church west of Green Village. A log schoolhouse was built on section 34, on land belonging to Jacob Stofer, which was attended by children from sections 27, 28, 33, and 34. Henry Zimmerman was the first teacher of this school, about 1815. William, Rachel, and Samuel Schofield, sons and daughter of David Schofield, afterwards taught in a second log school-house, built on the same ground.

At Washingtonville, a school was opened about 1818, in the log church built by Michael and Baltzer Roller. John Roller and Henry Gilbert were among the first teachers.

The following is from the earliest existing records: "12 schools taught in township; number of teachers, 10; number of children between the ages of four and twentyone years, 338 males, 346 females; number of children enrolled, 295 males, 241 females; average daily attendance, 169 males, 131 females; amount paid to teachers of common schools from public fund, - to males, $367.83 ; to females, $125. Amount paid from other source, males,

"June 2, 1849. - A vote was taken at the house of Moses Buck, in Green village, for the purpose of ascertaining whether section 16 should be sold or remain ; 86 votes polled, and 42 against the sale."

The section was sold in a lawful manner, and the avails deposited with the auditor of state, forming a fund the interest of which is devoted to the use of the schools of the township.

The number of school districts in the township is ten, and the official enumeration of children between the ages of four and twenty-one years in September, 1878, was 495.

Evangelical Lutheran Church

About the year 1815 a log church was built at Washington ville, in which religious services were held. For many years the services were desultory, the German Lutheran and the Evangelical Lutherans worshiping together. In 1842 a reorganization was effected under Rev. John H. Hoffman, who was' succeeded in the pastorate by Revs. Stowe, Baker, Hess, Hoffman, Wagner, Sloan, Hamilton, McGlochlin, Long, and Ruthraff. The latter is the present pastor.

Mr. Stowe and Mr. Hess were German Reformed ministers, the others Evangelical Lutheran. The German Reformed element has nearly died out, and the organization and services are kept up by the Evangelical Lutherans. The society has a membership of 115, and a Sunday-school of 170. pupils, of which Henry Walter is superintendent.

Evangelical Lutheran Church, Green Village

This church was organized at Green Village, Nov. 25, 1841, with 36 members. A meeting-house, which is still in use, was built during the previous summer, and the organization perfected therein. Services had been held in the school-house for about a year prior to the erection of the house of worship.

The first elders elected were Jacob Roller and Andrew Weikert. John R. Zimmerman and William Roller were chosen deacons. The first pastor was Rev. John H. Hoffman, who was succeeded by Geo. Leiter, S. Wagner, W. J. Sloan, A. McLaughlin, N. H. Weaver, W. W. Long, and J. M. Ruthraff, who is the present minister.

The membership of the church is 150. A Sunday-school is connected with it, which has 18 teachers and 150 pupils, and is superintended by Matthias Callahan. Wm. Roller, one of the first deacons, was superintendent of the Sundayschool over thirty years.

German Lutheran Church

number increased, in the union log church, near the Disciple church. The present church, situated on the main street, was built in 1866. The first pastor was Rev. Mr. Hilsche, who was succeeded by Revs. Miller, Lyle, Slatterman, Siegle, Smith, Long, and Fagley. The last named is the present pastor. The society has about 30 members.

Swedenborgian Church

Among the residents of Green are a few followers of that man of fine sensibilities and vigorous and original thought, Emanuel Swedenborg. Nov. 16, 1874, a church was organized, with the following constituent members : Jacob Groetzinger, Amelia Groetzinger, Andrew Reichstadt, Henry Rhodes, Jr., John V., Christina, and Mary Stahl, John W., M. D., and Mary Coy, Peter McCave, Samuel McClure, and A. J. Haifley. Services were conducted by Rev. S. H. Spencer. Rev. H. C. Vetterling is the present pastor. A church was erected in 1875, at a cost of $2200, and dedicated in September of that year, by Rev. R. 0. Brigman, of Allentown, Pa.

Concord Presbyterian Church

This church was organized with the following members : John Durr, Jacob Leyman, and Comfort, Andrew, and Josiah Bauman, and their wives. A lot was presented to them by John Cessna, and a church built thereon in 1869. It is situated on the northeast corner of section 7, on the township-line between Goshen and Green. The first pastor was

Baptist Church

The people of the Baptist denomination worshiped in the school-house for about two years after their organization as a society, in 1840. They built the present church in 1842, on land presented to them for church and burial purposes.

Rev. William McGowen was the first preacher. He was succeeded by Revs. Chamberlain, Dodge, Ammertnan, Leet, and E. Metzger. The church belongs to the Wooster Association, and has about 49 members.

Union Church

Presbyterians and Lutherans united to form a society, and held services in the northwest part of the township, at the residence of Michael Durr. They afterwards built a log church on section 4, on land owned by Henry Beard. Ministers of both denominations preached at different times. Henry Hewitt, a Lutheran minister, conducted the first services. Afterwards, Revs. Mona, Schmidt, Schwissler, Luther Baker, Pickizcr, Long, Smith, and Albright served the society.

The Lutherans are at present few in numbers, and the Presbyterians control the organization. Rev. Mr. Lumpy is supplying the pulpit. The society has at present (1879) about 40 members. The present church-edifice was built in 1866.

Disciple Church

In 1841 a society was organized called " Disciples," and among its principal members were George Pow, John Flick, and Lewis Templin. Rev. Charles E. Yan Yoorhis was the first pastor, who was succeeded by Revs. Allerton, Baker, Miller, and Teegarden.

The present church was erected in 1841. Near it is a cemetery, while another occupies the lot where stood the old log church. Both cemeteries are in use.

Evangelical Association Church

In June, 1864, preaching was begun on the Sabbath in the school-house at Loveland Station, in the northeast part of the township, Rev. J. H. Hollinger officiating. In October following a class was formed, consisting of fourteen persons, - Jonas Paulin and wife, A. M. Miller, Lydia and Sarah Miller, Jeremiah Paulin, Royal Collar and wife, Martha and Emma Collar, Lavina Rupert, Lydia Fox, Caroline Cook, and Sarah Hendricks. Services were continued in the school-house until 1872, when the present church-edifice was erected.

Coal-Shaft

On section 35, in the summer of 1878, a coal-shaft was opened, 40 feet deep, with galleries extending therefrom towards the northeast and southwest. The vein is from two to three feet in thickuess, and is called " No. 3." It yields an average of 65 tons of coal a day. Coke is manufactured from an upper vein, called " No. 4," ten ovens, each about 12 feet in diameter, having been provided for the purpose. These mines are owned by Henry Walter & Co., and are situated in a valley about half a mile north from Washingtonville. The coal is elevated by steampower.

The road running north and south, nearly through the centre of the township, was laid out many years ago, aud was known as the " New Lisbon Road." The roads follow in part the lines between the sections, but iu most cases pass irrregularly through the sections. The " Ellsworth road" coincides with the west lino of the township.

Niles And New Lisbon Railroad

This road traverses the township in a general north-andsouth course, passing through the second tier of sections from the east. The stations are Loveland, Green Village, and Washingtonville. The road was finished in 1865, and furnishes the inhabitants of the township good facilities for travel and transportation.

Smith Situation And Natural Features

The township of Smith is situated in the northwest corner of the territory embraced in this work, and is of range No. 5, township 18, north from the Ohio River. It is bounded north by Deerfield, in Portage County, and Berlin township, in Mahoning Co. ; east by Goshen, in Mahoning County ; south by Knox township, Columbiana Co. ; and west by Lexington, in Stark County. The general surface of the land is undulating, and in the northeastern part hilly, where the greatest elevation is attained. The centre, within a radius of two miles from the town-house, is the most depressed portion of the township, the land gradually rising as the township lines are approached. The township is drained by the Mahoning River and its tributaries. The Mahoning proper passes northwesterly across the southwest corner of the township, which it again enters on section 6, at the northwest corner, crossing it in a northeasterly direction.

Probably the first white man in Smith township, by whom any material improvements were made, was James Carter, from Pennsylvania, in the year 1803. His advent was entirely an accident. Carter having purchased lands on what is known as the Western Reserve (of which the north line of Smith township forms part of the southern boundary), entered and cleared a portion, and built a log house on what he supposed to be his own lands. In the same year, William Smith purchased from the government section 3, containing 640 acres, and came with his family to occupy the same in 1804. On his arrival he found that Carter had by mistake built his house on his (Smith's) land. Smith paid Carter for the house and improvements he -had made, who soon after left to occupy the lauds he had in fact purchased. Although the first improvements were made by Carter in 1803, and the first house built by him at that time, yet the distinction of first permanent settlement properly belongs to William Smith and his family.

William Smith was a native of Ireland, but came to Ohio from Pittsburgh, Pa., and brought to the township a family consisting of his wife Jane (^Wilson) and seven children, viz. : Sally, who married Abram Ilartzell, and died in 1875 ; James, who died in Oregon many years ago ; Nancy, who died at the age of eighteen ; Rachel, who married Amos McElroy, of Portage County, and died 1852 ; Mary (or Polly), who married Isaac Hartzell, and now lives at Alliance, Stark County ; Marjan, who died when a child ; and Jane, who married Simeon Card, and lives at North Benton.

William Smith died in 1841, aged seventy-three years ; his wife died in 1845, aged seventy-two years. Both were interred in the family burying-ground on the hill, near the present village of North Benton.

James C. Stanley, of Hanover County, Va., was one of the pioneers of Smith township, and probably the second settler. He came in the year 1805, and located on section 24, which he had purchased from the government, and which lies about four miles southeast of William Smith's section, in what was afterwards called the " Stanley neighborhood." He brought with him a wife and eight children, - Garland, James, Elizabeth, Nathaniel J., Littlebury, Lemuel, Jonathan, and Mary, who died soon after the family came to the township. Of this family all are now dead except Nathaniel J., who emigrated to Michigan in 1856, and is now - 1879 - eighty-five years of age.

Jesse Stanley, the second son of James Stanley, and grandson of the old pioneer, still lives where he was born in 1818, on a portion of the tract originally purchased from the government, this having been in the family nearly seventy-five years. The house built by the pioneer James C. was the second in the township, and the first south of the centre line.

These were the pioneers and first settlers who had to undergo the hardships and adventures incident to pioneer life. No authentic information of any other early settlers prior to 1811 is obtainable, although there may have been some I settlements by transient families or persons long since dead.

In the year 1811, Edmund, oldest son of Thomas Stanley, of Hanover Co., Va., in company with John White (a colored family servant), came to Smith and built a log house in the eastern part of the township, preparatory to the coming of the family. Thomas Stanley arrived with his family in the spring of 1812. His children were John, who died in 1877 ; Elijah, who died in 1836; Frances, who married Isaac Votaw, and died about 1818 ; Edmund (who, with the servant, preceded the family several months), and who died in 1842 ; Millie, who married Joshua Crew, and who came with the Stanley family ora few weeks later. Joshua Crew died about the year 1845, after which his wife went to Iowa, where she died about 1868. These were the children of Thomas Stanley by his first wife. His second wife was Priscilla Ladd, and their children were Isaac, Thomas Binford, Sarah, who married Thomas Woolman, and Mieajah. Micajah Stanley married Unity Coppack, by whom he had eight children.

John Detehon, son of Oswell and Annie (Carr) Detchon, pioneers of Trumbull Co., Ohio, came to Smith in 1822. In 1824 he married Maria Hoadley, seventh child of Gideon Hoadley, by whom he had five children, - Hiram, Stow Sylvester, Sarah Ann, who married John Courtney ; Elizabeth, who married Brinton Hair ; and Mary, who became the wife of Addison Long. Hiram lives in Smith His children are Wilmer H., Philip J., Annie M., and Henry M.

Gideon Hoadley, with his wife and children, settled in Smith in 1823. Their children were Harvey, Maria, Ebenezer, and Hiram. The family of Henry Hartzell settled in 1824, and resided in the township until 1844, at which time he removed to Pennsylvania, where he lived until 1853. He then returned to his present home near North Benton. The children by his first wife, Anna (Sheets) Hartzell, were Simon, Mary, who married Christopher Bedell, and John. By his second wife, Jane (Smart) Hartzell, his children were Eli, James, Anna, who married Rev. David Waugh ; Lucy, who married John Ikard ; George ; and Sarah Jane, who died in infancy.

In the year 1812, Levi Rakestraw and Rebecca (Bryan), his wife emigrated from Burlington Co., N. J., to Goshen township, Columbiana County (now Mahoning), where they lived until Nov. 10, 1825. They then moved to Smith township, and occupied the farm upon which they now reside. They were the parents of eight children, four sons and four daughters. Isaac, the oldest son, married Lydia Upton, and still lives in Smith; Hannah married Isaac Vail, and died March 20, 1878 ; Sarah, who married Absalom Berringer, and is the mother of twelve children ; Benjamin, who lives in Defiance County ; Harold B., who lives in Seneca Co., Ohio ; Jane M., who married Sylvanus T. Young, and lives in Seneca County ; Elisha, who married Amy Cobb, and lives in Mahoning County; Rebecca, who married Emor Lupton, and lives in Mahoning County. Levi Rakestraw is in his ninety-fourth year, and is the oldest person in Smith township.

Joseph Snode, with a wife and three children, came to Smith from their native State, New Jersey, in the year 1824. The children were Benjamin, who died in 1876, in Lexington, Stark Co. ; Mary, who married Richard Haines, and died in Smith township about 1873; and William, who now lives in Smith. He married Sarah Ann Haines, daughter of Joseph Haines, by whom he had eight children, viz.; Joseph, who died in 1865; George, now living at Beliot; Emily, who married Jacob Phillips; Jehial, Esther, Elizabeth, Charles, and Warner, all of whom live at home.

Another of the early settlers, and one who has been closely identified with the civil and political growth of the township, is Benjamin Votaw, now in the seventy-fourth year of his age. Mr. Votaw has had five sons, of whom Alfred C.,the oldest, lives in Montana Territory ; Lewis T. lives in Logan Co., Ohio ; William died in service during the late war; David lives in Kansas; Andrew J. lives in Grand Rapids, Mich. Benjamin Votaw settled in Smith township in 1829, and operated the first saw-mill in the township, situated in section 2, on Island Creek, and built about 1823 by James Smith, son of Judge William Smith, the pioneer. Mr. Votaw operated this mill during the years 1825-27, before he permanently settled in the township.

Samuel Oyster, one of the pioneers of the central part of Columbiana County, was the first settler in the western portion of Smith, located on section 31, in 1826. In his family were fourteen children, viz., John; Barbara, who married James Hoiles ; Mary (or Polly), who married John Cobbs; Samuel and Jacob, both of whom live in Stark County ; Moses, still living in Smith ; Henry, Silas, Solo- I

The children of Moses are twelve, - Amos, Mary Ann, Hezekiah, Sarah Ellen, Emeline, Jacob, Melissa Jane, Edward P., George Cyrus, Ida Florence, Manuel, and Eli, who died at the age of two years.