Winchester Township (part 16 of 30)

General Cockerill devoted himself entirely to agricultural pur-suits after removing to Adams County. He was not a member of any church. He was an old-time Democrat until Fort Sumter was fired upon. The jar of that firing displaced all the Democracy in him, as he stated, and from that time until his death on May lo, 1864, he was an enthusiastic Repiiblican and a most ardent supporter of the war measures. He thought the Southern States were not justified in secession, and he wanted to see thehi thoroughly whipped into submission.

He was a citizen of great public spirit, and believed in doing his full part in public affairs. He represented Adams and Pike Counties in the lower bouse of the Le^c^islature in 1845 and 1846. In 1848 and 1849 he again represented the same counties in the lower house of the Legislature. At this session, by a joint resolution, he was made a Major- General of the Eighth Division of the Ohio Militia.

From the time of his location in Adams County, he was a man of influence^ and was always held in public esteem. Among his virtues, charity and hospitality were the most prominent. In the practical exercise of these virtues he found great delight. He cherished great love for his native state, Virginia, but lost all patience with her when she seceded from the Union. It was his pride and pleasure to maintain hospitality as his Virginia ancestors had done before him. Everything he undertook to do, he endeavored to do with the best of his ability. He was for this reason a model farmer.

If any one characteristic of his* should be emphasized, it was his loyalty and patriotism. Three of his sons went into the federal army, and his youngest son would have gone had not his defective eyesight prevented. He would have gone himself had not his age and infirmities prevented. As it was, he was an ardent friend of the Union, and gave its cause all the support possible for his circumstances and condition. His wife survived him until 1873. He and she lie side by side in the Mt. Leigh Cemetery. Of him it may be said that no more loy^l heart ever beat in human breast, and he transmitted these qualities to his descendants, as the pages of this work will abundantly testify.

farmer was born in Bratton Township, May 17, i860. His father, William McCoy, was a soldier of the Civil War. He enlisted in Co. B, x75th O. V. I., on August 23, 1864, at the age of thirty-four years, and was mustered out of the service June 2^, 1865. ^^ ^^as a native of Pike County. His wife, Elizabeth A. Hamilton, mother of our subject, was a daughter of Henry Hamilton. Our subject's grandfather, James McCoy, was from the Green Isle, beyond the seas.

William A. McCoy married Susannah Tones, from Pike County; and moved to Sinking Springs, Highland Cfounty, in the fall of i860. Our subject lived in Sinking Springs until 1871, when he moved onto the farm where he now resides. His mother died January 16, 1898. He was the eldest of three children. His brother, George G. McCoy, resides at Bainbridge, in Ross County. He married Ruth A. Summers, daughter of Daniel Summers, of Locust Grove. His sister Anna married William W. Dimbar, who died September 4, 1895. She resides with and makes a home for her brother, our subject, who is unmarried. He is a Democrat in his political views, ^nd a very strong one at that.

He is outspoken in all his views, political or otherwise. He is a Master of the Peebles Masonic Lodge, No. 581 ; and is also a member of the Knights of Pythias Lodge, No. 203, at Peebles. He has a common school education, but never taught. He was elected a Justice of the Peace of Franklin Township, in 1807, ^"d re-elected in 1900. He is one of those forceful young men who believe in candor; and whose views are an open book ; and who are not deterred by policy or caution from expressing their well-considered thoughts. He is a man of fine physique and physical presence, which at once impress those who meet him. If he lives and has health, he will be heard from further on.

was born December 13, 1825, in Lewis County, Kentucky, opposite the village of Manchester, in Adams County, O. : but during his childhood, boyhood and young manhood, his home was in Manchester. His father, James Little, one of the pioneers of Adams County, Ohio, was born December 4, 1793, near Johnstown, Pennsylvania; and he was married to Miss Charlotte Davis, January 10, 1825. There were thirteen children of this marriage, of whom our subject was the eldest. His grandfather, Thomas Little, was a native of Ireland. He came to this country in 1774 or 1775. He was a Revolutionary soldier. He enlisted on December 22, 1777, in Captain Fauntleroy's troop, Fourth Regiment of Dragoons, commanded by Col. Stephen Moylan, to serve during the war. His regiment was from New Jersev. His wife, who had been Miss Mary Neiper, came from County Antrim, Ireland, in 1768 or 1769. in the ship "Prosperity." Her parents settled finst in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and afterwards moved to Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania.

She and her husband came to Manchester, Ohio, in 1803 where both died and are buried. They had eight children. Their son. James resided in Manchester until his death, August 11, 1887, at the age of ninetyfour years. He was a soldier in the War of 181 2, and was pensioned for his services therein. Our subject's great-grandfather, John Little, was born and lived in Ireland in County Tvrone, four miles from Market

Biographical, Sketches 917

Hill. He was a farmer. His wife's name was Mary McCuUy. His son Thomas was the only child of a numerous family who came to the United States.

The education of William W. Little, our subject, though meagre, was obtained at Manchester, Ohio. His childhood, boyhood, and youth were filled with hardships, but he took them good-naturedly and cheerfully, trying to make the best of every condition he was compelled to meet. He went on the river at an early age, and by his energy and sheer force of character soon rose to the position of mate. He served as a boy on Cincinnati, New Orleans, and Memphis packets from deck sweep up. He was on the steamboats United States, two or more of the Soiotos, and the Boston. He was also a* pilot and master ; and was known everywhere as Captain Little, the usual title given to steamboat masters. He knew every man connected with the river trade from Portsmouth to Cincinnati, and had an extensive acquaintance on the Southern rivers. He made Portsmouth his home from 1855 ^^ 1882.

On January 29, 1854, he was married to Miss Mary A. J. Timmonds, who was born April 27, 1827, and who died October 20, 1855. Her twin djaughters died in infancy. Mr. Little was married a second time to Miss Harriet A. Tin^monds, sister of his first wife, who resides at the family homestead with her only surviving child. Miss Mary J. Both of Mr. Little^s wives were granddaughters of Richard Woodworth, a soldier of the Revolutionary War, who enlisted in February, 1777, in Captain William Gray's Company, of Col. William Butler's regiment, Pennsylvania, and served four years. He was in the battles of Brandywine, Germantown, and Monmouth, and was pensioned May 9, 1818.

Mr. LitMe and his second wife have had seven chiliiren. Their eldest son, William H., born in 1857, died in 1888, leaving a wife and child. Their sons Carey E., aged eighteen, and Frank C, aged sixteen, both died of that fell disease consumption. The others died in infancy.

Mr. Little went into the coal business in Portsmouth Ohio, in 1858, and continued in it until 1879. He was first alone and then in partnership with James Hamilton, as Little & Hamilton, in 1862. From that time he continued the business alone until t866, when he formed a partnership with E. N. Hope, the firm being known as W. W. Little & Company. In advertising this business in 1865, he adopted the motto of Capt. William McLain, "We have come to stay," and placed it at the head of his advertisement and kept it there. While engaged in the coal business, he also had other activities. He owned the steamboats Pike, Boskirk, Viola, Gaylord, Brilliant Eldorado and not fewer than three ferry boats ; and he commanded all of them at times, as he always had master's papers. He operated the ferry between Portsmouth, Ohio, and Springville, Kentucky, for many years. He built the River City Ferry Boat in 1874, and ran her until September 28, 1881, when he sold the ferry to Capt. Samuel Brown for a farm of two hundred acres at Little, in Greenup County, Kentucky, to which he removed in 1882. spending; the remainder of his life as a farmer. During the Morgan raid in 1863 he commanded a fleet of boats in the Ohio River, and thereby acquired the title of "Commodore."

such during most of the time thereafter until he removed to Kentucky. He was president of the City Council of Portsmouth from 1870 to 1874, and in 1877 ^"d 1878. He was president pro tcm, in 1876. Mr. Little was a most enthusiastic Republican, and a power in city politics. He knew the second ward thoroiifj^hlv, and he could always carry it whenever he undertook to do so. It was never any trouble to induce him to do political work.

He was a director of the Farmers' National Bank for several years in its early history, and always took a prominent part in every public measure for the advancement of the city. He took a leading part in introducing the Holly waterworks into the city of Portsmouth. He was a member of Rev. E. P. Pratt's church in Portsmouth, and Hved up to his professions as closely as any one could who had been a steamboatman.

Mr. Little went through not only many family afflictions, but several financial disasters, but he never lost courage or hope. He always retained his good spirits and his energy. From 1866 to 1882, he resided on the northeast corner of Front and Court Streets, Portsmouth, Ohio, in what has since been known as the Morton Club property, where he was known to all. As a public spirited citizen, he was a model, - always ready to do his part and mo^e, tcx) : and was always readjy and willing to help every good cause. When he became a farmer, which every steaniboatman has an ambition to be, he kept his interest in public affairs as before. He died July 18, 1897, and is interred in Greenlawn Cemetery, in Portsmouth. When called in judgment on the last day he will cheerfully face his record, anc^ will have nothing to explain or apologize for. He did the best he could every day of his life, and who can do more ?

On pages 226 and 22y of this work, we have given a sketch of the above named gentleman as a member of the bar of Adams County. In that sketch w^e mentioned Mr. Blair as a power in the Democratic party. Since that sketch was completed and laid aside, about September i, 1900, Mr. Blair changed his party relations, and has become an active Republican, making many public speeches favoring the re-election of President Mc- Kinley. It is due to Mr. Blair that he should go down to posterity as of the political faith he professed when this book was closed. Therefore we have noted the change of political faith made by him, and give him credit for honesty of purpose in the change. Mr. Blair will always be found where his honest convictions take him, and will be a power to any organization to which he attaches himself. We bid him godspeed in his new departure, as we would had the case been reversed.

In February, 1853, Samuel Burwell, the aged publisher of the Scion, was then a young man just starting in life. Mr. Evans, one of the editors of this work, remembers Mr. Burwell's coming to the Evans home to ask about the propriety of starting a newspaper, and a name for it. Mr. Edward P. Evans, the father of the editor of this work, advised him to start the newspaper, and suggested the name of "The Scion of Tem- perance," which was adopted, as it was determined at the time to start it as a temperance paper. The writer was eleven years old at the time, and was present at the conference when the launching of the Scicm was determined upon. He remembers what was said at the conference as distinctly as though it had occurred but yesterday.

The publication of this weekly was begun in 1841 by Stephen P. Drake. He continued its publication until the summer of 1845, when he sold out to Robert Jackman, who continued it until his death in August, 1851. Durmg Mr. Jackman's ownership, the paper was suspended for a few months in the year 1849; ^"^ when he resumed its publication, the name was changed to The People's Intelligencer, and it was continued under that name during its existence iii West Union. After Mr. Jackman's death in 185 1 (see page 2>7^ ^^ this book), Henry B. Woodrow, now living at 421 West Seventh Street, Cincinnati, Ohio, continued the publication of the newspaper for Mr. Jackman's widow, Mrs. Elizabeth Jackman, until Februarv, 1852, when he purchased the plant and took it to Manchester and continued its publication there about two years.

The paper was Whig in politics during its entire existence. At the time Mr. Drake began the publication of the Intelligencer , West Union had been without a newspaper for a number of years, the Free Press being the last. When Mr. Drake sold out in West Union, he went to Portsmouth, Ohio, and started a paper called the Portsmouth Clipper, which he published several years. He was afterwards engaged in the newspaper business in Ironton. During the Civil War, he was a member of the Second West Virginia Cavalry, and died in the army. He was a brother of the late Samuel P. Drake, of Portsmouth.

Corrigenda

"M. Scott" in line thirty-eight should read "Henry Scott." "S. N. Tucker" in fifth line should read "Arthur Tucker."^ "W. E. Foster" in same line should read "W. S. Foster.'" To this list of names should be added R. C. Vance and W. C. Coryell at West Union; Dudley B. Phillips and William P. Stephenson at Manchester; and J. R. B. Kessler at Peebles.

This Henry Massie was not the brother of General Nathaniel Massie. Major Henry Massie, brother of General Massie, never resided at Marble Furnace and never had any children. He died in 1830 and his widow survived till 1871. She is buried at Oxmore, eight miles from Louisville, Kentucky.

Page 658, paragraph 2, last sentence : Strike out the repeated words, "of whom he was more identified with the Earl of Leicester's players of ;" so that the sentence will read as follows :

"But from his first coming up (to London) it seems clear that he was more identified with the Earl of Leicester's players of whom his energetic

Paragraph one, line three. For "Eleven and Sarah Burbage," read "Levin Duncan and Sarah H. Burbage," so as to agree with the two names as they appear in the article on page 657 - "The Burbage Family."

Charles Campbell, the Historian of Virginia, and his son William, the Revolutionary General, were not in the direct line of the ancestors of the subject, but were collaterals. The above named Charles Campbell, and Charles C, grandfather of the subject (each, married a Mary Trotter. Charles Campbell, grandfather of the subject, settled near Staunton, Virginia, about Fort Defiance in or before 1738. He came from the north of Ireland and was a descendant of Duncan Campbell, mentioned at the opening of the sketch. His son, William Campbell, located in Bourbon county in the state of Kentucky, in 1790. In 1798, he located in the Northwest Territory in what was afterwards Adams County, and is now in Brown County. Pie married Elizabeth Willson. sister of William Willson, one of the first ministers in the old Stone Church, at Fort Defiance, near Staunton, Virginia. His uncle, Burgess Willson, was prominent in pditics, being Burgess for twenty-seven years.

Charles Campbell, one of William Campbell's sons, and grandfather of the subject of this sketch, in later years moved to Illinois and died leaving a valuable estate. He married Elizabeth Tweed and he and his wife lived until about 1871, when they died at the age of about 93 years.

*'Miss Alice Hombeys" in first line of third paragraph should read "Miss Alice Hornberger." Second line of same paragraph "six months" should read "sixteen months."

Corrigenda 3

"Two daughters, Martha and Lillie" in the last Hne should read, "one son and one daughter - Martin A., born January 3, 1890, and Lillie, bom May 30, 1894."

Before coming to Adams County, and after leaving Rockbridge County, Virginia, Mr. McCullough did business in what is now Point Pleasant, West Virginia, so he must have come from Point Pleasant, West Virginia, to Adams County.

The children of his second marriage were Pearl, aged 28, wife of Dr. E. F. Do\yning. of Peebles, Ohio; Jennie Fay, aged 26; Anna L., aged 24; Carl Herbert, aged 23; Wilber Andrew, aged 21 ; and Homer Marlatte, aged 20. The last five reside at home.

At the opening of the sketch the name of the wife of Stephen Riggs is given as "Annie." On her tombstone in Sardinia cemetery it is "EHzabeth."

For "Agnes N. C. Heberling," third line, read "Agnes W. C. Herberling." For "Miss Anna N. Burkett," in next to last line of first paragraph, read "Miss Anna M. Burkett."

In thirteenth line from top of the page, read Miss Sallie Planck for Planch, as printed. For Clarence Planch in the last line of the first paragraph on page 908, read Planck.

Source changes here: from History of Adams County, Ohio, by Evans, Nelson W, published 1900; 221,524 words in this source stream.

Whsk Qualified Wbbn Bxpibkd

Paid Joseph Darliuton, Esq., by order of court, under the act regulating fees of civil officers for services when the state fails, etc., at 60 dollars

Paid John McDaied.Bsq., sheriff of Adams county under the act regulating the fees of civil officers, agreeable to an order of court, at 60 dollars per annum, from the 11th of November, 1823, to the 1st ol June,

County Affairs 167

Paid Joseph Darlinton for drawing a deed from the trustee of the town of West Union, and for receiving and filing the sheriff's receipt to the judges of the Presidential election and giving certificates therefor 1 00

Tliis is the northwestern township of Adams County. It borders Jackson Township, Krown County, on the west, and Concord Township, Highland County, on the north. It is one of the more recently formed townships of the county, having been organized January 2, 1838, from territory four by six miles, off the west side of Scott, and a strip two by four miles off the north end of Wayne Township. It contains something more than thirty-two square miles or about 20,000 acres of land.

The western part of the township is undulating, with low marshy areas at the hea.l of the small streams whose waters reach the North Fork of Eagle Creek to the southwest or one of the forks of Ohio Brush Creek that flow across the northern portion of the township to the eastward.

The eastern part of the township is more hilly and the land rougher, than the western portion. The soil in the western part is chiefly the white clay, or bouKler drift. These clay soils are rich in all the material of vegetable growth except organic matter, which being supplied by intelligent crop rotation, will gradually improve in productiveness. On the other hand, where the virgin soil has been sapped of its organic matter and not restored by intelligent cultivation, the lands have become cold and barren. It is remarkable that in traveling along the highways throiij^li this section, an observer will see on the one side fine fields of c(jrn, oats, wheat, or grass, the products of intelligent farming; and on the other dreary fields of running-briers, poverty grass, and sedge, the harvest of ignorance and sloth.

The eastern part of the township along the numerous small streams and creeks possesses a good limestone soil - the uplands, however, are the yellow and white boulder clays. Under proper care and cultivation the uplands of this township would afford abundant pasturage for large flocks of sliet]> and herds of cattle. While the valleys would grow fine crops of clover, corn, wheat and tobacco.

Juery portion of Winchester Township affords fine springs of pure liincstoiK' water. These springs are found at the heads and along the courses of the numerous small creeks that flow through the township. Just hrlow tile site of every pioneer cabin in this township is a fine spring of water. Tliosc are factors which, when properly utilized, will make the township a i^raiul ])asturage area.

Three branches of the West Fork of Ohio Brush Creek traverse this township. From the northwest flows Little West Fork; from .the west, arising in Eagle Township, in Brown County, flows West Fork proper; and from the southwest flows Elk Run, a wicked, rapid stream, in whose waters many a life has gone out in attempting to ford it when swollen. These three creeks unite on the eastern border of the township and form what is known as West Fork of Ohio Brush Creek, one of the most beautiful streams in the State. These streams have cut deep channels through the blue limestone underlying the surface, and in th<e deep pools along their courses, sheltered in these shelving layers of limestone, are found the gamest black bass that ever spun the reel of a sportsman's rod.

Among the first settlers in what is now Winchester Township was Joel Bailey. As early as 1799 he had come to Adams County and was one of the first court constables when Washington, at the mouth of Ohio Brush Creek, was the seat of justice of the county. He afterwards, perhaps about 1805, settled on what is now tiit? Roush farm at the junction of the Buck Run and Seaman pikes east of Winchester. Here he built a stillhouse and a horse mill. He reared a numerous family, decendants of which are scattered from the Alleghenies to the Pacific coast.

The churches in the township are Calvary M. P. Church in the Kennedy neighborhood in the northeast part of the township, and Centenary M. E. Church about three miles north of the village of Winchester. In the village of Winchester, Methodist Episcopal, Presbyterian, and Baptist organizations are maintained. Of these latter the M. E. Church was organized in 1830 and the Baptist in 183 1. In 1887 the Presbyterians erected a very handsome frame church at a cost of five thousand dollars. The Baptist organization was formed at the house of Spencer Records on West Fork, on the farm now owned by George Baker, in 181 3. Elder Charles B. Smith was the first pastor, and had charge of the congregation until about the year 1820.

In the northern ])art of the township are a number of small mounds, the work of the pre-historic inhabitants of this region. Some of the larger ones have been partially explored by treasure-hunters but without success, only some fragments of human skeletons, and trifling trinkets of stone and shells having been found.

The first mill in the township is said to have been erected in 1809 on the site of Winchester by Richard Cross. It was an old-fashioned clumsy horse mill. About this date Spencer Records, who then resided on the farm now owned by George Baker, built a mill on Brush Creek near where the county line between Adams and Brown Counties crosses that creek. It was a treadmill. Afterwards Records built a "tub-wheel" mill on the site of what was later known as the old McCormick mill now in Eagle Township, Brown County. This mill was patronized for miles about as being the best mill in that region at that time. It had but one pair of buhrs, and Records dressed the stones himself from a kind of quartz found in the Sunfish hills.

In 1820, Ezra Sparks owned the treadmill where Winchester now stands. About this date Joseph Marlatt erected a water mill on Brush Creek at the mouth of Horner's Run, and a little later Stephen Tolle built one on Elk Run.

In Howe's History of Ohio there appears some "reminiscences'* of "Abolition Mobs," written by R. C. Rankin, of Ripley, Ohio. The scene of one of those "terrible*" mobs is laid in a grove near Winchester.

Being interested in this matter of recording "pioneer scenes and incidents" the writer was greatly surprised to learn of this "scoop" having been made by a rival chronicler in the vicinity of the writer's own "vine and figtree." With a view of gathering some additional facts relative to the matter, the writer sought among others an interview with Mr. (). R. Smith, or "Recce" Smith, as he is familiarily known, to nearly every person in Adams County. Mr. Smith has resided in Winchester from his boyluxxl to the present day, and knows personally more of the history of the village and township of Winchester, perhaps, than any other person living. He is a prominent Mason, a Methodist, and a substantial business man.

Referring to the "mobbing" of Rev. John Rankin at Winchester as recited in the volume above named, Mr. Smith said: "I remember the incident as well as if it had occurred yesterday. It was in 1837. or perhaps 1838. Rev. John Rankin, Rev. Dyer Burgess, a gentleman named Weed, and John Mahan and some of the Hugg^nses from the neighbor- IuhhI of Sardinia had announced an Abolition meeting to be held here in town (^Winchester), but from some cause they were not permitted tosp)eak in any oi the churches, and so were obliged to hold their meeting in the grove out near where Dr. Xoble's residence now stands. There were in Winchester at that time a few sympathizers with the movement among whom 1 may mention Dr. A. C. Lewis. Milton Colter and Rev. Hiram lUirnett. a r>a])tist minister. r>ut the majority of our citizens looked upon the movement at that time with disfavor, yet they made no attempt at its snp])ression. It was a matter in which men took sides in argument, which sometimes ended iti bad feeling, as so often do political wrangles.

On this occasion there \snere a great many people in town from the surrounding country and as usual in those days there was some drunkenness and a great deal of loud and boisterous talk, but not at the place of meeting.

William Stockwell, an old sea captain and author of "Stockwell's Narratives." who then lived on Brush Creek near McCormick's mill, and some others, with a fife and drum corps, marched about the streets ; and I remember that while here in town John Boone Fenton, Barney Mullen and Andrew Swearengen were about to get into an encounter with James Huggins and some of his friends, but they were kept apart by old Joel Bailey and others with cooler heads. There were no clubs or canes drawn at the meeting, and no personal encounters during its progress. I remember that Robert Patton was present, but he neither threw nor had he occasion to throw anyone off the speakers' stand.

The story in Howe's History is purely a fiction of the imagination. I might add that the opponents to the Abolition movement were not confined to any one political party - they were in the ranks of both Democrats and Whigs. Barney Mullen and Andrew Swearenger before mentioned were Democrats, while John Boone Fenton and Captain Stockwell were Whigs."

General Morgan and his staff arrived in Winchester about nine o'clock in the morning, and took up their headquarters in the hotel then kept by Nicholas Bunn on Main Street. There were no telegraph lines nor railroads in Adams County. The people depended upon the mails for their news from the outside world. The Cincinnati newspapers were carried from Maysville and Ripley on the Ohio River by the way of Cherry Fork and Winchester through to Hillsboro in Highland County.

General Morgan was anxious to see the Cincinnati newspapers, and remained in Winchester until four o'clock in the afternoon in order to capture the mail when it arrived. Becoming impatient he sent a detail of soldiers to meet the carrier, Gibson Paul, who was relieved of the pouches near the old Howard Alexander farm on the Cherry Fork pike.

Old Johny Frow was then postmaster and when Morgan's men took the captured pouches to their commander's room at the village hotel, the obliging postmaster hurried thither with the keys and proffered his assistance in opening the pouches and assorting the mail. General Morgan was staggered at the proposition for th^ moment, but quickly recovering himself, he replied that he would "assist the obliging postmaster down stairs," if he did not betake himself that way at once. The Genei-al assorted the mail himself.

After scanning the dispatches in the latest newspapers, General Morgan rode out to the old cemetery and delivered an address to his men there in camp, in which he advised them of their perilous situation. They then began to prepare in great haste for a renewal of the march, and left in great excitement, taking the Grace's Run route for Harshaville, Wheat Ridge, Dunkinsville and Locust Grove near where the army encamped that night. In the hurry and excitement an officer left his horse saddled and bolstered in Dunn's stable.

The following from Anna Meek McKee, of ChiUicothe, graphically describes the exciting scenes in Winchester during the stay of the famous cavalry commander and his "raiders." Capt. Hines was under guard in the house of Norvalle Osburn and made his escape from there. He was directed to the cellar under the house of Hiram Israel De Bruin where a portion of the wall was taken out through the opening in which Hines crawled back under the kitchen floor. The wall w^as then carefully replaced, and Hines remained under the floor until after the departure of Morgan and his men. Then he was helped from his place of hiding as related l)elow by Mrs. McKee:

"The summer of '63 I spent in Winchester, Adams County, Ohio, with my grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. H. I. De Bruin. When we learned that Gc^neral Morgan had crossed the river and was in Ohio the consternation was terrible. On the morning of July 15, I think it was Monday, a rumor of his coming into Winchester was spread abroad, and before we could gather our wits he was in the town about 8 o'clock A. M. The whole army came and most of it stayed all day. Morgan with his body guard rode up to the old Sparks (then Bunn's) tavern and took possession of it. The men began to raid and rifle the homes and stores. A number of men called at the home of I. H. De Bruin, who was in the anny, and asked his wife for the key to the dry goods store which had been locked on hearing the news of their coming into town. Mrs. De Bruin promptly gave them the key, and after being in the store a short time they locked it up and returned the key, and paid in confederate money for what they had taken saying to her that the store would not be disturbed again, which proved to be true. (It was thought by some that such was the case because they must have found in his desk evidence of the fact that the proprietor was a Free Mason and that over the store was the Masonic Lodge Room. General Morgan himself being a Mason.) Not so with the store directly across the way, for they rifled it of everything, and what they could not carry away, they tried to destroy, tying their horses's and mules' tails and manes with ribbons and destroying many things before our eyes, scattering pins, needles and small things over the flcK>r of the store and in the street. Never will I forget what a sight that store was, belonging to Mr. Dick Thompson.

"One of the chaplains, Charles Price, of Nicholasville, Kentucky, spent quite a while on the piazza of my grandfather's home. He came to ask some questions about Hillsboro, knowing that they were not far from that town, especially of Dr. Samuel Steel, who was the Prebyterian minister in Hillsboro, who many said favored in looks H. L De Bruin, and we thought he was under the same impression for he came up asking if we knew Rev. Sanuiel Steel. My grandfather referred him to me as being a resident of Hillsboro. He was a relative of Dr. Steel's wife and I had a pleasant chat with him because he knew many in Hillsboro who had visited in Kentucky. He was very interesting and very courteous.

"At three o'clock P. M. a great stir and commotion occurred on ^lain Street where the house of H. I. De Bruin stood just a half block from wlure lliey had entered the town, and here they had in a carriage a prisoner. Captain Hines. of Winchester, Ky. The commotion was caused by the escape of this prisoner. They rode up and down this street swear- ing that they would bum to the ground the house in which he might be concealed. We were all unconcerned and innocent when, had the fact been known, our horrified faces might have told the secret, for my dear grandmother, then sitting on the piazza as calm as any of us, had secreted him. He had run into the back part of Mr. Terome De Bruin*s home, who lived just south of grandfather's, and Jerome had brought him to grandfather's house, and had quietly taken grandmother back to him. Oh, what a woman was she ! I can hear her yet saying to the prisoner. * Are you deceiving me?' and his reply. *God knows I am not, for His sake protect me." And she who had given three of her sons to her country was brave enough to protect him. He was hidden in such a place that he could hear all of the soldiers' ravings over his loss.

"About four o'clock the raiders began to leave the town, and it did not take long for all to get out, they seemed to be in a hurry. General Basil Duke, of Confederate fame was with them. I remember him well. After they had gone. Captain Hines was brought from his hiding place, and after having his supper was sent out north of town where some militia from Hillsboro were stopping.

That same evening word came of Hobson's approach with his seven thousand men. The night was spent in preparing sandwiches and other things for his great army which began to arrive early the next morning. Only the General and his staff stopped for a few hours, he having his headquarters in the best rooms of the De Bruin home. The army passed on in pursuit of Morgan, but not before they had a cup of coffee and a sandwich, which most of them took while on their horses, and they were a tired looking set. Captain Hines was brought in to see General Hobson who gave him a pass to Hillsboro and a horse to ride there and a pass to return to his home. He was wounded and at home on a furlough and this was how he came to be captured. He went to Hillsboro and spent a night at the home of Judge W. M. Meek before going on his journey home.

**After General Hobson and his staff had dined and he had finished his official business, thev followed after the arm v. There was no time lost. Expedition seemed to be his watchword. All the time I was almost paralyzed with fear, but I have always been glad for the personal experiences of those memorable days."

The school enumeration outside the village of Winchester is 297. The average wages paid teachers is thirty dollars per month. There are six subdistricts and each is provided with a frame schoolhouse twentyfour by thirty feet, one story high. The surroundings of these **colleges of the people" are uninviting. The play-gounds are bare of shade trees or ornamental shrubs, and present a picture of neglect.

In the village of Winchester there is a i^raded school attended by the pupils of school age within the special district. The present school building is a plain brick structure with four rooms and was erected in 1871. The estimated value of buildings, grounds, furniture and apparatus is $2,000. The school term is seven months; the principal receives sixty dollars per month and the under teachers from thirty to forty dollars each per month. The school enumeration is 2}^2. This special district was organized in 1865. 32a

The Indq)enfde*nt Ag^cultural and Mechanical Association of Adams, Brown and Highland Counties, was organized under the laws of the State in 1859. The first fair was held Oct<5)er 2, 3, 4, and 5, i860. Moses Patterson was the first President and I. H. De Bruin, Secretary. The grounds of the Association occupied a beautiful tract of twenty acres south of the village about one-half mile. From its organization until about the year 1882 this was one of the most popular fairs in southern Ohio. From 6,000 to 10,000 persons attended here annually, and the Association paid dividends of from ten to twenty per cent to stockholders. But from bad management about the date last above mentioned the attendance began to grow smaller each succeeding year until 1897, when exhibitions ceased to be held. In 1899, the grounds were disposed of by the stockholders, and will be subdivided into lots for building purposes.

Scott Postoffice was established in 1820 and Judge Joseph Eyler was the first postmaster. On the first day of April, 1880, the name was changed to Winchester. It is a money order office.

The first, railroad built in Adams County, the present C. P. & V. was a narrow gauge from Batavia Junctic«i, called the Cincinnati and Eastern. The first passenger train entered Winchester, August 7, 1877. It was an excursion train of flat cars, and carried a motley crowd of enthusiasts from along the line to the terminus of the road. Here the train was engulfed on its arrival in a struggling mass of humanity seeking a first view of a locomotive and train of cars.

was laid out November 8, 1815, by Joseph Darlinton, and named by him for Winchester, Virginia, near which he was born and reared to man's estate. The original plat contained seventy lots. Afterwards Joel Bailey laid off an addition of eighty-two lots, known as south Winchester. The village was incorporated in 1865, ^^^ has about 800 inhabitants. Joseph Eyler kept the first hotel on the northwest corner of South Street. James and Joseph Baily opened the first store in a log building that stood on lot forty-four, in 1819. Dr. A. C. Lewis was the first resident physician. The first tannery- in the village was owned by Joseph Eylar ; and the first oil mill was built by Levi Sparks in 1830. Moses Patterson operated a carding mill and a steam flouring mill from 1851 to 1863. These together with the tannery adjoining were burned in the fall of that year.

R. A. McMillan is the proprieor of a fine roller mill in the village at this time. The village contains two hotels, three dry goods stores, three drug stores, two family groceries, and one sawmill. The Masons, Odd Fellows and Knights of P3rthias each maintain lodges. The Winchester Bank was organised in 1885 with Hon. L. J. Fenton as cashier.

In the present year, 1900, the citizens seem to have awakened somewhat from a lethargy of the "Sleepy Hollow" sort, and with some enterprising "newcomers," such as Messrs. Mecklin, McMillan and others, have succeeded in building in the town a bent wood works, canning factory, and a shoe factory.

Pioneer Character Sketches

was bom April 9, 1799, in Botetourt County, Virginia. He was the oldest son of Daniel and Katherine (Heistand) Amen. He, with his parents, came to Ohio about the year 1808. They traveled in a four-horse wagon. They settled in Highland County, near East Monroe. They lived there a few years when his father bought some land a mile south of Sinking Springs in Adams County, and built the stone house that still stands there, and removed to it in about 181 2. There the boy, John, lived until he was grown. He attended district school in winter time. His was a rather hard and uneventful life. When twelve years of age, he drove a team of four horses and sometimes oxen, hauling pig iron from Marble Furnace to the Rapids Forge, a foundry owned by John Benner, near Bainbridge, a distance of twenty miles, starting at four o'clock in the morning and returning the same day or night. His life was all work, no play. When twenty-one years old, he left home to work in the store of his brother-in-law, David Johnson, at Georgetown, for the sum of four dollars a month and his board. He saved his earnings and when twentyfour years old, he married Melinda Craighead, the daughter of a wellto-do farmer living two miles from Georgetown. Mr. Craighead was a Kentuckian with aristrocratic notions. He thought the young clerk was no match for his daughter, but the young people were married, making the trip to the minister's, both riding horseback on one horse. Soon after their marriage, they went to the old stone house, making their home with his parents for several months, until a cabin was built for them on a farm owned by Daniel Amen, two miles north of Sinking Springs, where they lived and worked about six years, when, on account of failing health, he and family came to Sinking Springs, where he engaged in business for more than thirty years, enjoying the quiet village life. He was a great reader. Though very economical, he did not stint himself or family in reading matter. In politics, he felt a great interest, but had no desire for office. He was an Abolitionist when it was dangerous to own being a friend to the slave people. His house was a station on the underground railroad from which no slave was ever caught. He was fearless when he knew he was right. On one occasion, a family of seven slaves were brought into the community. A large reward was offered, and the pursuers or slave catchers were close behind them. Fearing to trust his son or any young person to carry them on, he had two fiery horses hitched to a covered wagon, and although he was a small man, and alone, drove away just after dark, loaded the family in the wagon and hurriedly drove them to Marshall, eight miles north, when another party took charge of them. He used to lx>ast he had helped more slaves to liberty than any one else near, and that he never had one captured in his charge. He was a member of the Presbyterian Church and held the office of deacon for sixty years. In the year 1865, his wife died. After her death, he sold his old home and went to reside with his three married daughters, all of whom lived in Portsmouth, Ohio. He had one son, Daniel, who died, when thirty years of age, leaving two sons. The oldest. Harlan P. Amen, is president of I^hillips Exeter Academy, New Hampshire, and the }X)un^QT son, J. J. Amen, is a prosperous business man in Missouri V^alley, Iowa.

The last four years of John Amends life were spent at South Salem, Ohio, at the home of his eldest daughter, Mrs. E. McColm, who had removed from Portsmouth. He died at the age of eighty-eight, on December 27, 1887. Unto the last week of his life, he read the daily papers with all the interest of a young person. His last vote was for Governor Forakcr. The fall before he died, he was taken to the election by a granddaughter. He was proud he had helped to elect the Highland County boy for Governor. His daughters are all living, Mrs. McColm in Norfolk, Nebraska; Mrs. P. J. Reed, in Cody, Neb., and Mrs. C. Gillilan at Sinking Springs, Highland County. Ohio.

Of all the men who have lived in Adams County, none has enjoyed this life more or made it more pleasing to those around him than the subject of this sketch. James Anderson may iiave had fits of bad temper, but the writer never saw him in one or ever heard of him having one. lie was always brimful and running over with good humor. He always persisted in looking at the bright and cheerful side of things and was always ready to laugh and to make those about him laugh. Trouble rolled away from him like water rolls away from a duck's feathers. The writer never knew him until he was between fifty and sixty years of age and the foregoing describes him then. His acquaintance from twentyfive to fifty woukl have been precious and valuable. He was a man to drive away (lesix>ndency and to lift the world up. He had the keenest sense of humor of any man of his time in the county and yet he met and j)erf()rnie(l all the serious duties of life as l. man and Christian should. Nature endowed him with great natural and physicial vigor and he never wasted any of it. hut expended it in proper channels.

He was born in Cumlx^rland County. Pennsylvania, March I. 1796. His parents brought him to .\dams County in 1807. They took up their residence one mile north of west L'nion and there he resided until 1866 when he removed to Sardinia where he made his home until his death. May M. i88(x His father was Robert Anderson and his mother was l\li/al)elli Dickev. InMh from Cumberland Countv. Pennsvlvania. His father and mother (lie<l in Adams County and are buried in the old Trotter ijravexard near the Wilson Children's Home.

son had the following children: George Washington, who married a daughter of Wade Baldridge; James Newton, William Henry, John, Elizabeth, and Mary. Washington is deceased. His widow and family reside at Webb City, Missouri. James Newton resides in Tulare, California; Elizabeth is the wife of Dr. Theo. Smith, of the same place. Mary is deceased. She died at Santa Cruz, Cal. Col. William H. died at McLean County, Illinois.

On November 7, 1844, he was married to Isabella Bryan Huggins, widow of Zimri Huggins. She had the following children by her first marriage: Nelson A., and Herman W.

To the last marriage were born the following children : Irwin M. ; Benjamin Dickey, born June 8, 1847, residing at Santa Cruz, Cal. ; and Martha Caroline, born February 12, 1850. She married J. Porter Mc- Govney. He died and she married Frank Major. They reside at Salmon City, Idaho.

Mr. and Mrs. Anderson reared the three sets of children without a jar. They all got along happily together. Mrs. Anderson had the same happy and genial disposition as her husband. When the furnaces were 0|>ened in Adams County. Mr. Anderson did a great deal of work for them in hauling iron to the river and supplies to the furnaces. He was a man never ambitious for public honors or offices, but he had a prominent place in the militia because his talents deserved it.

On Jun^ 26, 1838, he was commissioned by Governor Vance as Major of the First Cavalry Regiment, First Brigade, Eighth Division of the Ohio Militia, and on August i, 1839, he was commissioned by Governor Shannon as Lieutenant-Colonel of the same regiment. When it is remembered that he was elected to those positions by those who knew him best, the honor will be more appreciated.

In 1862, he was selected as Captain of the ''Squirrel Hunters'' and took his company to Aberdeen to repel Morgan's Raid. James Anderson had a wonderful memory. He could remember every incident of his life and everything which had ever been told him. He was fond of telling of David Bradford's celebrated drive down the Dunbarton Hill. Bradford, who had a coach at Dunbarton, just repaired, wanted it down at the Sample Tavern at the foot of the hill. It was winter and the hill was covered with ice. He hitched two horses to the coach in front of the tongue and drove them from Dunbarton down the hill to the Sample Tavern. Bradford said it was a poor horse that could not keep out of the way of a coach. While Mr. Anderson was fond of telling humorous stories, yet he was a most earnest and conscientious man. He was anti-slaverv. He was first a Whig and afterward a Republican. He was ])rought up an Associate Reform Presbyterian and adhered to that faith all his life. He was an elder for over thirty years. As a farmer, he lived comfortably and easy. He was not the man to worry himself to make money. He was honest and honorable in all his dealine^s. Mis life was a more valuable lesson than that taught by the Greek Pliilosophers, for he was up to their ideas and was a Christian beside. In August. 1886, his widow removed to California, where her son, IJenjamin D., resides. She was born July 2, 1806, and died May 6, 1896.

was born in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, December i, 1796- His father, James Arbuthnot, came from Scotland when quite >x>aiig and married Mary White, whose parents came from North Ireland. James Arbuthnot grew up to manhood on a farm in Ohio Count r, West Vii^^inia, graduated from Jefferson CoH^e in 1820; attended the Theological Seminary at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and was licensed to preach by the U. P. Presbytery of St. Clairsville, Ohio, in 1823. He commenced his ministerial work at New Athens, Harrison County, Ohio, the same year and organized the academy at that place which in a short time grew into a college. In 1827, he moved to Savannah, now in Ashland County, Ohio, where he preached until 1840 when he moved to Greenfield, Ohio, and preached half the time there and the balance of the time at Fall Creek until 185 1 when he moved to North Libert}% Adams County, where he founded the North Liberty Academy. He remained at North Liberty until 1854, when he moved to Unity in the same county and was pastor of the U. P. Church there for twenty years until compelled to quit preaching on account of old age. He was married December 30, 1823, to Eliza Armstrong, who died April 23, 1846. To this union there were bom ten children, nine daughters and one son, namely : Nancy, Frances M., afterwards married to George M. Thurman; Ann E., afterwards married to Dr. W. P. Spurgen ; Maria, Clara N., Ada, afterwards wife of Rev. J. G. McKee ; Mary, Celia, afterwards wife of A. R. Clark ; Sarah J. and James A. The daughters are all dead and his only surviving child is Col, James A. Arbuthnot, of Brookfield, Mo.

Rev. James Arbuthnot died at his home at Unity, April 18, 1880, in his eighty-fourth year. He was a man of strong convictions and would never consent to compromise anything which he felt to be right. He was one of the original Free Soilcrs and voted for Binney and Hale as the Free Soil candidates for President. Rev. D. McDill, D. D., said of him: **lie was a wise, good, unassuming, godly man. He made no claims to oratory, but in preaching, spoke plainly and deliberately. His sermons were instructive and edifying. All who knew him recognized his sincerity and goodness."

Rev. James Arbuthnot married for a second wife Mrs. Mary Watt, in 1848, who died in 1876. She had a daughter who married Rev. N. R. Kirkpatrick at .\(la, Ohio, and another who married R. P. Finley, of Voungsvillc, Ohio.

The Reverend William Baldridge was bom in Lancaster County. I*cnn., I'd^ruary 26, 1761. His parents were from Ireland and members »>f thf Irish Covenanter Church. The year after his birtli thev removed t») the hanks of the Catawba River in Lincoln County, N. C, where he resitliMJ until 1776. when he joined a cavalry company and served as a soldier (luring- the Revolutionary War. Of this period of his Hfe, the most intcrostini: ot all, we have no record, but from the course of his after life. Wf know that ho did his dutv as a soldier, conscientiouslv, and faithfullv. lie did ni>l consider that in his seven years' service to his country*, he had done more than his duty <^r that he deserved any special commendation therefor. After returning from the war, lie prepared for college under the instructiotis k>\ Rev. Robert Finley. and attended Dickinson College in Carlisle, Penn., where he graduated in 1790 at the head of a class of twelve. Immediately after his graduation, he took up the study of theology, privately, with the Rev. Alexander Dobbins and studied under him one year. The second year of his theological studies he pursued under the Reverend Doctor Nesbit, of Carlisle, Pa. He' was licensed to preach by the Presb)rtery of Pennsylvania, Associate Reformed, in 1792, and ordained by the same Presbytery in 1793. On July 17, 1792, he was married to Rebecca Agnew. She was born December 12, 1772.

On October 18, 1793, he accepted a call to two churches in Rockbridge County, Virginia. One of them was a mile from the Natural Bridge. It has long since disappeared, the building destroyed and the congregation dissolved. His other church was Sbenezer, about five miles northeast of Lexington. He labored as regular pastor of these two churches, both Associate Reformed, until 1803 when his pastoral relation to them was dissolved, but what was an anomaly in Presbyterian practice, he remained their stated supply until 1809, when he removed to Adams County, Ohio, to accept a call as pastor to the Cherry Fork and West Fork congr^i^tions. In 1797, he was moderator of his synod and delivered an important judicial decision in a case before that body. During his residence in Virginia, he was twice offered the presidency of Washington College, now Washington and Lee University, but declined each time on the ground that it was his duty, as he saw it, to remain in the pastoral work. From 1803 to 1809, niany of his congregation had emig^ted from Virginia and located in Adams County, Ohio, at either Cherry Fork or West Fork. These former parishoners of his secured his call to the two churches of the two localities. During his residence in Virginia, he had been a faithful and acceptable pastor and had endeared himself to his people, and while there, the following children were born to him and his devoted wife: James R., May 22, 1793; Alexander H., January 13, 1795; John Y., December 20, 1796; William S., May i, 1799; Samuel C., and -Rebecca G., twins, February 18, 1801 ; David A., May 25, 1803; Wade, August 25, 1805 ; Agnew, December 5, 1807. With these eight boys and one girl and his wife, he made the journey overland to Ohio, in June, 1809. and locating at Cherry Fork at the age of 49. He spent the remainder of his life there. The following children were born to him and his wife Rebecca, in Ohio: Joseph G., June 16, 1810; Ebenezer W., August i, 1812; William, August 17, 1814; Mary Jane, October 26, 1817, at whose birth the mother died. This daughter, Mrs. Mary Jane Waller, a widow, is now living with her daughter, Mrs. Julia Tappan, at Avondale, Ohio, the last survivor of her brothers and sisters.

On May 16, 1820, Rev. William Baldridge married Mrs. Mary Logan Anderson, a widow, and by her became the father of two children, Benjamin L., born February 9, 1821, and Nancy M., October 18, 1822. His daughter, Rebecca, married Joseph Riggs,* December 8, 1819, a very prominent citizen of southern Ohio, and by him became the mother of a numerous family of sons and daughters, the former of whom and their descendants have distinguished themselves in financial circles, in the ministry, at the bar and on the bench. Of the Reverend Baldridge's sons, Samuel C. and Benjamin L. became ministers and Alexander H., Agnew and Ebenezer W. became physicians. Of the literary works of the Rev. Baldridge. we have but three sermons which were published in the Asc^

Sixty iiitir vTars having elapsed since his death, oblivion has claimed tntii'l) that we would like to know of him, but the fact that he held but two pastorates in his lifetime; that he resigned the first and that death alone rcrnove<l hini from the other, si)eaks well of him as a minister. Sixteen years in the same churches in Rrx:kbridge County, Virginia, and twenty one in Adams County, Cjhio, covered his ministerial work. He prraelud well in the pulpit and cared well and effectually for his people* in ihrir homes. The fact that Cherry Fork church grew and prospered during and after his labors in it speaks well for his work. The faet that for years past aiul that today the church at Cherry Fork is large and pros|KT()Us: that its intluencc is well recognized in the county and in its Presbytery atui Synod; that it has sent out so many grand men and women to otiier. parts of the coimtry, is largely due to the labors of the Kev. William lialdridge between i8(x; and 1830. He took the church four years after its organization and Imilded it for twenty-one years.

Hill while he was an efficient pastor, teacher and guide in the churches ft»r thirty seven yi'jirs. he did something even greater than that. He reared a family of twelve sons .and two daughters to be godly men and women, to he ginxl citizens and to take honorable and prominent places in (he worM's work. Moreover, he laid the foundations of character in his snn.s and dangiilers. so deej). so wide, so strong in piety and moral irnlli that after seventy vears. his descendants are men and w-omen of tlu' same stamp of moral worth, high character and sterling piety that he boie himself, c'onld he have done better as a life work than herein relalvMJ We thinlv not. lie performed his work so well and so thoroughly that It will last so long as descendants of his survive to illustrate and exemplif\ It. He sleeps in an unknown and unmarked grave in the Cherrv* I'oi U i.\ ineter\ .

ua> A \ri\ marked and memorable member of our earliest l)ar. He came v»i .1 v'otuu'viioni iamil\ of note, i ^ne brother. Henry Raldwin. of Penns\ In. nil. I. was imu' of ilie Associate justices of the Supreme Court of the I \\\u\\ St.iiw . .nuMlui. a wealthy planter v>i Tennessee; a third lived in almost as speedily developed his uncontrollable love of liquor, fun and frolic. He soon distanced all competitors for legal business save William Creighton, Jr., whose patient industry still retained him the larger and by far more lucrative practice. As between the two, it was the race between tlie hare and the tortoise again, and with the same inevitable result. One of the malicious stories of that day was, that certain other lawyers became so jealous of Baldwin's popularity and business success, that they encouraged the latter's passion for drink, so that his career might be shortened as much as possible.

In 1803, '4' '5» ^^^ '6, Baldwin, notwithstanding his dissipation, did a large amount of work. But from the latter date, there is a rapid decadence of his practice apparent in the records of the Court, and, by 1808, his name but rarely appears, save only as defendant in suits for tavern bills, borrowed money, and applications for the benefit of the insolvent law. We learn from Safford's '*Life of Herman Blennerhasset'' that Baldwin had been the Il^nited States Marshal for the State of Ohio, and that he was much embittered against President Jefferson for depriving him of that office. Aaron Burr advised Blennerhasset to retain Judge Jacob Burnett, of Cincinnati, and Baldwin, for the defense of both themselves in the trials for high treason, which they expected to undergo before the courts of Ohio, but which trials never took place. In a letter written to his wife, under date of December 17, 1807, Blennerhasset says: '*! have retained Baldwin and Burnett. The latter will be a host with the decent part of the citizens of Ohio; and the former a giant of influence with the rabble, whom he properly styles his 'bloodhounds.' "

It is very' suggestive of the character of Baldwin, that at almost every term of his practice we find this entry upon the journal : "Ordered that Michael Baldwin, one of the attorneys of this Court, be fined ten dollars for contempt of Court, and be committed to jail until the fine be paid." Poor, brilliant, boisterous, drunken, rollicking Mike! By reason of commitments for contempt of court and capiases for debt, he became familiar indeed, with the inside of the old jail which stood at the northwest corner of Second and Walnut Streets.

He was a member of the Constitutional Convention and tradition asserts that he wrote almost the entirety of the first Constitution of Ohio in the bar-room of William Keys' tavern, using a wine keg for his seat, and the head of a barrel of whiskey for his desk. A queer origination, truly, for the organic law of such an empire as Ohio grew to be, before that Constitution was superseded!

He was Speaker of the House of Representatives in 1803, 1804 and 1805. Fond of gambling, of course, for he seems to have had all the modern accomplishments. It is told that he opened a game of vingt ct tin for the benefit of such members as craved excitement. Baldwin, being banker and dealer, of course, won all their money and most of their watches. The party broke up and went to their several rooms, drunk, long after the 'Svee sma' hours" of the night

Mike, used to such life, was in the Speaker's chair, on time, next morning, rapped the House to order, and proceeded with business. A call of the House was soon demanded, and the fact made officially apparent that there was no quorum present. The Speaker sent out the Sergeantat-Arms for absentees, and that officer, in the course of an hour or two, filed into the hall and in front of the Speaker's chair, some dozen or more of the half-asleep, and only partially sobered/gamesters of the night before. Thereupon Baldwin rose, and with dignified severity of manner, began to reprimand them for their negligence of the trusts reposed in them by their constituents, and reminded them of the great cost per diem to the infant State, of the sessions of the General Assembly, etc, until one of the party of culprits broke abruptly in upon the harrangue, with the exclamation, "Hold on now, Mr. Speaker ! how the hell can we know what time it is, when you have got all our watches !"

At the June Term, 1804, the tavern-keeper, William Keys, sued Baldwin upon an account which aggregated twenty-five pounds, thirteen shillings, ten pence, a copy of which account is filed. Every item in it, save three, was for drinks in one form or another - brandy, spirits raw, bowls of toddy, punch, treats to the club, etc. The three exceptional items were suppers for himself, for which he was charged one shilling and six pence for each. But with each supper there appears a charge of three shillings for a pint and a half of brandy - a proportion of drink to meat which strongly reminds one of the bill rendered by Dame Quickley to Sir J<An Falstaff.

"Drinks for the Club" were undoubtedly Mike's treats to the "Bloodhounds," an organization of the rough and fighting men of that day. which Baldwin had gotten up and which he controlled. The "Bloodhounds" did his electioneering and fighting for him ; and more than once delivered him from the jail by breaking in the door, or tearing an end out of that structure.

His brothers twice attempted to relieve him from the embarrassments of his debts, and for that purpose, sent him bags of coin amounting to a considerable sum. On these occasions, it is said he hired a negro for porter of the money, and went around to his creditors seriatim, allowing each one, irrespective of the amount of his account, to have one grab into the open-mouthed bag until it was gone.

His widow sur\'ived him for many years, and when not less than seventy years old, contracted a second marriage with Adam Stewart, of this county. An old citizen, speaking to us of "Kitty Baldwin" in her prime, remarked, "I tell you, she was the proudest widow that ever walked the streets of Chillicothe."

was born in Pennsylvania, October 6. 1792. He was the son of a farmer. His father had twelve children, of whom our subject was the eldest. His Christian name was his mother's maiden name. He obtained his education partly in Pennsylvania and partly in Ohio. His parents were bom in Pennsylvania, but they came to Adams County and occupied rented famis for awhile. As soon as could be done, our subject's father bought a farm five miles from West Union and two miles from Benton\'ille. where Robinson Baird was reared to manhood. He always felt the want of a more complete education, and for this reason he took a great interest in the public scho<^U. He very frequently served as local school director of his district.

Pioneer Character Sketches 511

Robinson Baird was a very strict Presbyterian. He was brought up that way and never wandered frcMn it. He believed in the strict observance of the Sabbath and practiced it. He was a soldier of the War of 1812, was out both winters of 1812 and 1813, and endured many hardships. His Colonel was John Bryan. In politics, he was a Whig so long as that party existed. As a Whig, he voted for John Quincy Adams, when he was a candidate for President. There weire only two others in his township who voted for Adams. He was a member of the American party when it was in existence, and afterwards of the Republican party.

He was married to Elizabeth Williamson, the third daughter of Rev. William Williamson, on June 13, 1815. She was bom in South Carolina, on July 14, 1795. There were bom to them ten children, two of whom died in infancy. Their oldest son, James T., was bom March 18, 1816. He married Elizabeth Parker, July i, 1842. He was a millwright by occupation, aind was killed in St. Louis while working in a steam mill by the bursting of a boil«er. He had two sons who were in the Civil War from 1861 to 1865. Nancy M. was bom October 31, 1820. She married James Mclntire, April 26, 1842. Major Mclntire served in the Seventh Ohio Cavalry during the Civil War. He is now deceased. His widow survives him with a large family of children. Another daughter, Jane W. Baird, was born March 25, 1823, and married A. H. Mehaffey, September 2, 1846. Her daughter, Catherine, bom March 20, 1825, was married to Jacob Mosier,,May 27, 1846. A son, Thomas W. Baird, was bom May 4, 1827. Joshua M. Baird, bom October 5, 1829, married Margaret Graham, June 24, 1852. Harriet N. Baird, born November 7, 1833, married John L. Summers, Febmary 28, 1855. Elizabeth V. Baird, bom May 7, 1836, married Charles Fitch.

Robinson Baird died March 26, 1870. His wife survived him until August 17, 1876. Mr. Baird never sought public oflSce, but was content to live the simple life of a farmer. He has numerous descendants, scattered over the United States, and from those known, we would say that he impressed upon them the same serious, honest, upright character which he bore all his life.

was born in West Union, December 3, 1813. His father was Samuel Bradford and his mother, Ruth Shoemaker. They were married August II, 181 1, by Job Dinning. Her father was Peter Shoemaker, who lived below the iron bridge, and whose will was recorded in 1799. Samuel Grimes Bradford was Sheriff of Adams County in 1812 and 1813.

In October, 18 10, he was appointed Recorder of Adams County to succeed General Darlinton. On the seventh of July, 1813, he was Captain of a militia company. He left a deed partly recorded and started with his company for the war. He never returned. He died August 13, 1813, in the army and is buried at Urbana. His widow was married June I, 181 5, to Col. Samuel R. Wood, by whom she had five children, Mrs. S. P. Kilpatrick, of Dunbarton ; Mrs. George Sample, of Cincinnati ; Mrs. Rev. Lock, of Illinois; Mrs. Herdman, of Iowa; David Wood, of Newport, Ky., and Frank Wood, of Urbana, Ohio. David, the brother of our subject, who married a daughter of Rev. John Meek, lived and died in West Union. He, his father, General Bradford and his mother, Barbara Grimes, are buried in the stone enclosure in Branson's field just north of the village cemetery at West Union. General David Bradford was one of the most important factors in the early settlement of Adams County. He owned a number of lots in the town of Washington and resided there while it flourished, and when it collapsed he went to West I'nion. When West Union was located he bought lots lo. ii. i8. 19, 65 and 75 at the opening sale. He built the Bradford House in 1804 and, from that time until his death, kept tavern there. He was County Treasurer of Adams County from June 6, 1800, until June 6, 1832. As he died in 1834 at the age of sixty-nine, he very nearly had the treasurer's ofHce for life. In 1804. he was made a Quartermaster General of the militia. He was a very popular man, and from holding the County Treasurership so long without any complaint, must have been a very honest one, but we nmst get back to our subject, his grand-son, Samuel G. Bradford. He clerked in an iron store in Cincinnati when he was about nineteen years of age for James M. Baldridge. When he was t>venty years of age, he returned to West Union. He was married here on Xovember 6, 1834, to Amanda M. T. Tapp. By her, he had six children, Francis A., wife of Henry B. Woodrow, of Cincinnati: James H. Bradford, of Winchester: Jennie, the wife of Gabriel McClatchy; Matilda, who died a young woman: Harriet, widow of Capt. George CoUings. of Indianola, Iowa, and Samuel X. Bradford, who lives in West Union, in the same year, he succeeded to the management of Bradford's Tavern, now the Downing House. He conducted it until 1840. when he leased it. He contributed $200 to the erection of the Mays\'ille and Zanesville Turnpike. In 1835. he took a drove of horses to Mississippi and sold them.. On his return, he purchased the George Darling farm, formerly owned by Major Finley and moved there. His wife died May 2. 1847. In 1849, ^^^ returned to West Union and engaged in the tannery- business with Edwards Darlinton.

On Ootober 29, 1850, he was married to Miss Sarah W. Smashea. who survives him. He continued the tannerv business until 18s; i. when he drove a notion wagon through the country- until 1853. From that date until 18^^. he travele<l and sold tinwarr for A. F. Shriver at Man- Chester. In i8<>4. he went into the sutler business with Thomas n and remained with him until the end of the war. Then he went to Mississippi and raised cotton until 1868. After that, he engage\i in the trrocerv business at West L'nion with his son. Samuel X. Bradford. Aner c^-Mitinuing that business for a short time, he took the mail conirac: hot ween West L'nion and Winchester and drove a hack on it f:r fc-ur years. After that he con<lucted a livery stable in West Union until hi> (leatli which <,Kcurred XovenilKT 29. 1890.

In politics, he was a Whig and afterward a Republican. He -i\-a> a lari^o. fine Kx»king man in old age, and in youth, he was handspsne. He was ijenial and conij>anionable. He was always ready to diO a kir.i act for a friend He was esteemed highly by all who knew hirr. as a C^xh! nian and upriehi citizen. What characterized him al)Ove his ftl::-!* mo:: was liis love of children and of hor^^es. When surrounded by chi'iroTi a!:^: oTicouraijing their amusement, he was never happier. Ke was a!^:.;. s jvoaso'l !-> havo g^v<l horses and to be Waking after then:. He \\:;> ::: :.:> :\v'.*::i:> aii'.: in his thouirhts a relic oi the older time in wh:ch he was always delighted to dwell. He passed away in peaceful sleep - "as one who wraps the drapery of his couch about him and lies down to pleasant dreams/' was born near Lancaster, Pennsylvania, January 3, 1762. His father, James Baird, came from near Londonderry, in the north of Ireland. His mother was a Miss Brown, also from Ireland.

Moses Baird married Mary Adams, July 5, 1787, at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, a woman of remarkable natural endowments and of distinguished and cultivated ability. Tbey had one son, Robert, born in Pennsylvania, in 1788.

They located in Adams County in the rich Irish Bottoms, at Sandy Springs, on the Ohio River, and took up a tract about a mile square. Those who located with them were Joshua Truitt, William Early, Jonathan Kenyon, Abner Ewing, above, and John Adams, and Simeon Truitt, below.

Moses Baird was one of the Justices of the Peace of Adams County and one of its Common Pleas Judges under the Territory. He was elected a Commissioner of the County in 1803 and served three years. He was elected an Associate Judge of the County February 10, 1810, and served until April 10, 1821. He died November i, 1841, and is buried in the Sandy Springs cemetery. He was tall, slender and active. He had a light complexion, brown hair, blue eyes, was nearly six feet tall, wore side whiskers and shaved the rest of his face. He was an easy, fluent talker, clear and concise in his expressions. He was an excellent judge of human nature and could judge a man on sight. He had easy manners, was pleasant and approachable. He was a good farmer and manager. He lived like a lord on his mile square of land. He raised all the crops he required and had five orchards of apples, peaches, plums and cherries. He had a great lot of stock, horses, cattle, hogs and sheep. He had all manner of fowls. He grew his own flax and sheared his own wool and made it into cloth on his own farm. His wife was a woman of great social attractiveness. She was one of the pioneer doctresses and a noted mid- wife, and died April 13, 1835, of a putrid sore throat, (diphtheria?) which came of attending a child which had the same disease. She and her husband were members of the Sandy Springs Church, and her religion was such that its influence could be felt by all who associated with them. Susan A., their youngest daughter, was the wife of James McMaster, who is -till livmg (1899) at Sandy Springs, aged eighty-four. Their youngest son, Chambers, has a separate sketch herein. Their first three children, Robert, Elizabeth Adams and James A., made themselves homes within the original tract taken up by their father. The others went else?where into the Great West, and the descendants of Moses Baird are a great multitude, whom the census taker could enumerate, but it would take him a long time and a great deal of labor.

In writing a sketch of a person, in order to understand his life fully, it is sometimes well to begin several generations before he was bom.

Dyer Burgess traced his ancestry to Thomas Burgess, who came from England to Salem, Mass., in 1630, but who settl^ at Sandwich, in Plymouth Colony. This Thomas Burgess is recorded by Dr, Savage as being a chief among them. In the church organized at Sandwich. Mass., in 1638, he was an original member, and he served the town in ever\' office, humble or honorable, from land sur\'eyor to deputy at the Court at Plymouth. He became a large landholder, and his patriarchial estate was still held by a lineal descendant in the sixth generation, in 1863.

Thomas Burgess died February 13, 1665, aged eighty-two years. His grave was honored by a monumental slab, imported from England. Aaron Otis says that this was the first monument set up for any pilgrim of the first generation. So that while Dyer Burgess* ancestor did not come over in the Mavflower. he was onlv ten vears behind the first settlement. and of the same stock as the Pilgrim Fathers, and it is easy to sec where he got his obstinacy and firmness of purpose.

The genealog}' of the Burgess family w-as published in 1865. by the Rev. Ebenezer Burgess, of Dedham, Mass. From this, it appears that Thomas Burgess, who came from England, had a third son, Jacob. He married a Miss Xye, and had a son, Ebenezer. bom October 2, 1673, who married Mar>- Lombard. Ebenezer had six children, all baptized September 23. 171 1. Among them was a son Samuel, married to Jedidah Gibbs, March 30, 1732, and they had eight children. His wife died March 10, 1732, and he married Deborah Berse, Xo\"einbcr 7, 1754, and had four children by her. Jabez Burgess, one of the eight children by the first marriage, married Hannah Lathrop. May 3, 1754, and removed to Tolland. Conn., in 1783.

Jabez had nine children, among whom was a son, Nathaniel, bom March 4. 1758. and married to Lucretia Scott in 1781. They had six children, of whom the subject of our sketch, D>er Burgess, was bom December 2j, 1784. at Springfield. Vermont, to which place his parents had removed in 178 1. So that our hero had a long line of fine old Puritan ancestors, with Scripture names, and all of whom lived godly lives, and died full of years, in the hope of the gospel.

Dyer Burgess completed a scientific course at Dartmouth College, to which he afterwards added a knowledge of Latin and Greek, and medicine. He became interested in religion, and was ordained a minister at Clv^vemook. X'emiont.

At tlie ai^e of sixteen years, he began to preach as a Methodist minister, but rinding his views more in accordance with Cong^regationalism he joined that church and studied theology with the Rev. Dr. Wines. He came to Olvy. in 1816. and was received in the Miami Presbytery from the N'.nern Association ci \'ermont, September 2. 1817. At Piqua, he crcariizei a Presbyterian Church in the latter part of 1816. In the fo'.l.v. ir.i: vear. it united with Tn\v to secune Mr. Bui^ss' ser\-ices as a rr.:><: r.:.rv. Presbytery met in Springfield the firs: Tuesday in Sept'jrr/'^er. 32:7. a:: ' the two churches. Pioua and Troy, wanted the Rev. Dvcr F.::rceW t :- vreach fcr them, which he agreed to do for six months, a: a sa!ar\ -_.£ one hnn-ireJ d' :»Hars. At the end of the six months, the two churches gave him a call as a regular pastor. In his old age, the last journey he took was to attend, at Piqua, the fiftieth anniversary of the organization of the church there. Frc»n there he went to the Presbyterian Church at West Union, Ohio. While in charge of the church at West Union, during a period of nine years, from 1820 to 1829, he resided across the street from the church in a frame house, directly east of that occupied by J. M. Wells, Esq., and while there, he did his own cooking, except the baking of his bread, which was done by the ladies of his congregation and brought to his house.

In Adams County he was brought into contact with the Rev. Wm. Williamson, with Rev. James Gillilan and Rev. John Rankin; with Mr. Carothers and Mr. Dickey, and with Col. John Means. These gentlemen were born and educated in South Carolina, and most of them had been slaveholders, but having conscientious scruples as to the wrong of slavery, they left their native state and came to Ohio.

In 1823, he organized the Auxiliary Bible Society of Adams County. Rev. Wm. Williamson was its first president, and Mr. Burgess was its corresponding secretary. The society is still in existence.

He was a very earnest man, and not only was he a strong opponent of human slavery, but he was a very great advocate of total abstinence from intoxicating liquors, and opposed to secret societies. He was also opposed to the use of tobacco in any form.

He thought and felt so intensely that his expressions in public speaking and in preaching had a tvonderful effect on his hearers. He was a man of much more than ordinary intellect and was an excellent preacher.

He first preached for seven years in West Union, Ohio, but it seems that his doctrine was too radical for the people there, and he ceased to be their pastor, and was succeeded by the Rev. John P. VanJyke, after which he preached in Manchester, Ohio.

One of Mr. Burj^^ess* elders was Gen. Joseph Darlinton, the Clerk of the Courts, of Adams County. Darlinton when a young man in Virginia had owned slavxs. He had one, Dick, who was a refractory and ugly fellow. He sold him and kept the money. Mr. Burgess got to hear of this, and said at one time, in a sermon that in his congregation was one who had the price of blood in his chest. It was supposed that Mr. Burgess* strictures bore hard on General Darlinton, who was not a pronounced anti-slavery man. Some one asked Mr. Burgess how General Darlinton stood his anti-slavery doctrine. "Oh,** said Mr. Burgess, "he stands it like an ox."

About this time the Rev. Burgess formed an attachment for Miss Elizabeth Means, the daughter of Col. John Means. His suit was discouraged by the brothers and the family, as they thought she ought to do better than to marry a poor minister. The matter never came to a proposal, but on the twenty-seventh day of April, 1827, Miss Means married Dr. William M. Voris. This event was entirely unexpected to Mr. Burgess, and struck him like a bolt of lightning out of a clear sky. At a solemn communion service season the Sunday following, he preached from the text : *'Little children, keep yourselves from idols," and he preached with such pathos and depth of feeling that his hearers could not but believe that his idol had been shattered when Miss Means married Dr. Voris.

On March 19, 1 831, he married Miss Isabella Ellison, the daughter of Andrew Ellison. She was a maiden lady of about his own age, and Ik married her in Cincinnati, where she was making her home with her brother-in-law, Adam McCormick.

The Rev. Burgess was very much opposed to secret societies. On June 5. 1 83 1, he began the publication of a semi-monthly periodical at Cincinnati, Ohio, entitled. ^'Infidelity Unmasked."

There were twenty-four numbers of it; the last number appeared April 22, 1832. Mr. Burgess was the editor. It does not appear that he wrote any editorials of any consequence, but the periodical is made up chiefly of extracts from other periodicals of like character and from lectures and addresses against Masonry and slaver>'. The burden of the periodical is against Masonry, with an occasional article against slavery. In his prospectus, the editor states that he does not expect much patronage, that his object is that his work might appear in the Day of Judgment, and bear witness that he has not shunned the whole counsel of God, and that under the influence of the Spirit, he has undertaken to lift up the standard when the enemy comes in as a flood. He also stated in the prospectus, that, firmly believing that Masonry' and slavery are identified, and that slavery is practical heresy of a damning character, he has, after deliberately counting the cost, dared to undertake the difficult and responsible duties of editor of a periodical paper, the leading object of which is to clear the sanctuary of both of these abominations. He proceeds to say that he does not charge that ali persons are infidels : but he does say, and will undertake to prove, if God permits him to succeed with the work, that Masonry is infidelity, organized and masked. He further declared that the paper would consist principally of extracts from other works which have lx*en published in Europe and America, in which the principles of Masonry have been fully discovered and exposed.

Short coninuniicatii^ns on the subject of Masonry and slavery were thankluliy invited, and would be inserted. The price of the periodical was SiaX) in advance. $r.2S in six months, and $1.^0 at the end of the \x*ar. The bound volume consists of 384 pages.

At the close oi the work on April 21. 1832. tlie editor states: "I have now hnished wh.at I have steadilv resolved on for more than twentv' years. 1 have published my sentiments against the worst institution that ever subsisted ; and 1 hope God will smile u:)on my poor labors, and make thcni a blessing to my acquaintances, and graciously accept of me, for Christ's sake.

"i iiave written but little for the paper, because I have always found abundantly more material ready prepared, in a style much suj>erior to what I could pnxluce myself. I have published but a small part indeed, of what I intend on tlie subject of slavery : and shall, if encouraged, continue to issue my paper in \\'est Union, Adams County, Ohio, and to that place, I invito my correspondents to make their future communications."

It appears from the perioilical. that in Aj>ril, 1831, the Editor secured the Cliillicotho Presbytery to declare that it was unlawful and inexpedient to liavc Its nionibers connected witli the Masonic fratemitv. Bv his like inriucnco. in OctolxT. 1831. the Symxi of Connecticut declared that a con!Uctiv»n w'.tn Masonrv was inconsistent with Christianitv.

Pioneer Character Sketches 517

On page 266, of his "Infidelity Unmasked/' Mr. Burgess has a letter of nearly two pages, addressed to Oliver M. Spencer, a prominent Methodist minister of Cincinnati, Ohio, on Masonry. It seems that Mr. Burgess had attended a Masonic funeral at Cincinnati, at which Mr. Spencer was present as a Mason, and Mr. Spencer's appearance raised the choler of Mr. Burgess.

On page 26, Jtme 26, 1831, he states that the Presbytery of ChilHcothe has made Masonry a term of communion, and that one person had argued to him that Jesus Christ was a Mason. He says that Christ declared openly in the Court of Pontus Pilot (so printed in the newspaper), "In secret have I said nothing."

On June i, 1830, Mr. Burgess delivered an address at the court house at West Union, Ohio, on the subject "Solomon's Temple Haunted, or Tree Masonry, the Man of Sin in the Temple of God." His lecture was delivered at an anti -Masonic meeting. He took the ground that Masonry was (i) treason against the Government, (2) treason against God. He stated in his address that Washington in his youth took three degrees in Masonry, and then in his farewell address, raised his voice against all secret societies, and went to the Invisible World. He said that on the strength of Washington's Masonry, thousands have been tumbled into the imaginary grave of Hiram Abiff. for the sake of stooping to folly, like Washington. He stales that Masonry was first instituted June 24, 171 7, and that the Masons filled almost every office in the Republic. He spoke of the Masonic celebration of St. John's Day, as a "Gobbler's Strut."

It seems, from this periodical, that on the twenty-eighth of September, T831, Wilham Wirt, of Maryland, and Amos Ellmaker, of Pennsylvania, were nominated as anti-Masonic candidates for President and Vice President of the United States.

This Rev. Jones was expelled from King Hiram's Lodge in Waitsfield, Vermont, on September 24, 1828, for unworthy and unmasonic conduct. On October 8, 1828, his church at Cabot, Vermont, had a meeting and highly approved of his conduct in leaving the Masons, and in their judgment, stated that the oaths and obligations of Masonry were no more binding on its members than the oath of Herod to slay John the Baptist, or that of the forty Jews who banded together to kill Paul. This Rev. Jones furnished no less than ten different papers for Mr. Burgess' periodical.

Rev. Burgess fought Masonry as a greater evil than slavery. He has been dead twenty-two years, and lie survived slavery by ten years, but Masonry still exists in a renewed vigor. The Rev. Burgess was mistaken as to Masonry.

He wasted a great deal of superfluous energy on Masonry which had better have been doubled up on slavery and tobacco. On the subject of Masonry, Air. Burgess was a fanatic; but upon alcoholism, the use of tobacco and slavery, he was simply a thinker years ahead of his time.

His favorite text against secret societies was the language of the Lord Jesus Christ, in the eighteenth chapter and twentieth verse of St. John's Gospel in His answer to the High Priest : "I spake openly to the

Ihe Manchester Presbyterian Church took a Mason into full membership. Mr. Burgess remarked to Mrs. A. B. Ellison, that after that, he would never again visit Manchester Church, or commune with it - and he never did.

To illustrate how strongly Mr. Burgess thought and felt on the 5jubject of secret societies - when Abraham Lincoln was first a candidate for President, Mr. Burgess wished to support him, but would not do so until he had written to Mrs. Lincoln and received an answer to the effect that Mr. Lincoln did not belong to any secret society. Then he supported Mr. Lincoln's candidacy most heartily.

Directly after his marriage to Miss Ellison, which entirely revolutionized his finances, as she was wealthy and willing to spend her money for their joint enjovment, he returned to West Union, and there built the property now occupied and known as the Palace Hotel, and immediately took possession of it. From that time on, until the death of his wife, the Rev. Burgess had no particular charge, but preached when and where he pleased. He and his wife lived in great state in their then elegant home - as, when completed, it was the finest house in the county. They kept two pews in the Presbyterian Church at West Union, and these they had filled every Sunday. They entertained a great many visitors - usually had their house full of visitors, and especially Mrs. Burgess' relations. These she invited from far and wide and entertained them for a long period of time.

While living in this property, Mr. Burgess took it upon him to study Greek, which he had never studied before; and while engaged in that study, he was so intent upon it, as he was upon everything else which he undertook, that he invited every minister far and near to make him a visit ; and when the visitor arrived at Dr. Burgess' residence, he found that he was expected to read Greek with him and to instruct him in that language.

At one time, when he was preaching in West Union, Rosanna, a colored nurse of Mrs. Ann Wilson's, had one of Mrs. Wilson's children there, as it was customary in those days to take the babies to church. This particular baby began to cry ver>' loudly. Mr. Burgess paused in the midst of his sermon, and said in a commanding voice, *' Rosanna, take that child out !" and out it went.

As before stated, he was a frequent visitor in the family of Col. John Means, and there he met. at one time, Maj. Barry, a young gentleman from Mississippi, who was a nephefw of Col. Means, and who was making a protracted visit at his uncle's. Maj. Barry's father was an extensive slaveholder, and Mr. Burgess took pains to impress his views upon Maj. liarry, claiming that he was a mild Abolitionist. Maj. Barr>' was so impressed with ]\Ir. Burgess' arguments, that he was almost willing to adopt the Abolitionist views himself.

Col. Means lived about three miles hack of Manchester, and one Sunday, he and his family with Maj. Barry rode to Manchester to attend the Pn?sl)ytcrian Clmrch there, and hear the Rev. Burgess preach. Duriiio liis seniK^n. he remarked that a slaveholder was worse than a horse thief. This statement aroused Maj. Barry's ire, as his father, a most estimable man, was a slaveholder, and he arose and left the church.

When he was about half-way out, Mr. Burgess thought he would emphasize the statement, and he said that a slaveholder was worse than ten thousand horse theives!

Maj. Barry wrote him a note the next day, and told him that if that was his mild Abolitionism he wanted none of it, and that he would be gratified to see him in purgatory.

The Rev. Burgess took his note, and called upon Mrs. Dr. Willson, Sr., and expressed himself horrified that one human being could wish another in torment, and said to Mrs. Wilson, "He might as well have wished me in hell.'' Maj. Barry afterwards told Dr. Wilson that he could see Burgess' throat cut from ear to ear and feel gratified at the sight.

Mr. Burgess was a most companionable man, and had a wonderful fund of humor. He had a happy faculty of clothing his thoughts in appropriate language, and his acrimonious denunciations were confined to his lectures and sermons.

When he was about to marry Miss Ellison, Aunt Ann Wilson, at whose house he was very intimate, rallied him about it, and wondered that he had not selected a younger and more handsome lady. Mr. Burgess replied that he loved youth and beauty as well as ever.

His wife died in their home, now the Palace Hotel, in West Union, November 3, 1839. She disposed of her property by last will and testament drawn by Hon, George Collings, father of Judge Henry Collings, of Manchester, Ohio. The will made no provision for Mr. Burgess except to give him two rooms in her house for life, but she had already given him a number of claims which she deemed a suitable provision for him.