Spokane, Washington - History, 1912 (part 12 of 22)

George W. Armstrong

George W. Armstrong, occupying a responsiWe position with the J. F. HiU Paving Company, was born at Buffalo, New York, September 8, 1863, and is a son of William and Sarah Armstrong, of that place. His father, with his family moved to Brussels, Ontaria, and was one of the earliest settlers of that portion of Canada and before the railroads were built was engaged for twenty years in operating stage mail lines. The son, George W. Armstrong, received a publicschool education and worked upon his father's farm until twenty-two years of age. In 1886 he went to Buffalo, Cass county. North Dakota, where he engaged first in farming and then turned his attention to commercial pursuits, establishing and conducting an implement business. Subsequently he was engaged in the banking business and for four years was cashier of the Exchange State Bank of Buffalo, where he resided altogether for thirteen years. During that period he was also a prominent factor in democratic circles there and was a member of the state executive committee for years. He also held some local offices, acting for a number of years as chairman of the board of supervisors of Cass county, while for four vears, under President Cleveland's second administration, he served as deputy United States marshal.

Mr. Armstrong came to Spokane in November, 1899, and here turned his attention to real-estate and mining interests, with which he was connected for five years. In association with R. A. Hutchinson he incorporated the Salmon River Mining Company in Okanogan county, where they conducted business until 1902, when they disposed of their interest to Minneapolis capitalists. In 1905 Mr. Armstrong went to Priest Rapids on the Columbia river, in advance of the building of the Milwaukee railroad to that district, and secured a tract of land of nearly nine thousand acres. He then incorporated a company known as the Columbia River Orchards Company, of which he was manager and secretary. They built fourteen miles of irrigating ditches and Mr. Armstrong was active in the development of that property until 1909, when he disposed of his interest and returned to Spokane at the request of Mayor Pratt, who in September of that year, in recognition of his ability and fitness for the office, appointed Mr. Armstrong a member of the board of public works and president of the police commission, which also carried with it the superintendency of the streets. He was also appointed president of the board of fire commissioners and was later made secretary of the board of public works and became its president upon the resignation of F. W. Weymouth. In this position the duties of superintendent of the waterworks also devolved upon him. Under his supervision were made all of the additions to Spokane's water system, including the laying of seventy-eight miles of pipe. He designed the pumps that were installed to take care of this addition and conducted all the business in a most systematic, economical; and yet .progressive manner, so that his service to the city in this connection i;B - ali^npst: '.iliestimable. When the present form of commission government was adopted he went out of office, and so thorough and well formulated were his plan$ that, ^^ , present water commissioner has seen fit to carry them out. Mr. Armst^ng^-ii-Wm^'d'eVoting his attention to the interests of the J. F. Hill Paving Company and travels from Denver to British Columbia, winning the support of city councils where the Hill Company desires to put through big paving contracts.

Mr. Armstrong has large holdings of real estate in Tacoma and Seattle and owns timber lands on the coast, which contain many million feet of lumber. He has improved farms in Adams, and Okanogan counties, this state, and also in Cook and Gillam counties, Oregon, which are mostly devoted to general farming and which he all works for his own account. Moreover, he owns one hundred and twenty acres close to Houston, Texas, which ar6 devoted to the raising of tobacco and which he rents. He is the owner and president of the Goldendale Milling Company of Goldendale, Washington.

Mr. Armstrong still remains an active democrat, although he has repeatedly declined to hold public office. He has served as a member of the city democratic committee, has been a delegate to the state convention and was the first to advocate and put in force the direct primary election of the democratic nominees in this state. This was in the fall of 1906, just a year before the state compulsory law was adopted.

Donald) McLeod of that city. They had four children: Garnet, who died in Spokane at the age of nineteen years^ just after he had graduated from the high school ; Secord, who is 'with the Spokane Gas Company ; Stanley, a student in the Washington Agricultural College at Pullman; and George, who died at the age of sixteen years. The family reside at No. 2007 Ninth avenue in an attractive home which is justly noted for its warm-hearted hospitality.

Mr. Armstrong belongs to Spokane Lodge, No. 228, Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Order of Moose and is a member of the Inland Club. He has never been especially active in fraternal circles, however, preferring to concentrate his energies upon his business and official duties, and in both fields he is regarded as a man of influence whose counsel is worthy of consideration because his views are practical and his principles are based upon a progressive spirit.

Nicholas E. J. Gentry

For a quarter of a century identified with the grain trade in Washington and most of that period at Pullman, Whitman county, Nicholas E. J. Gentry has become a well known figure in that particular branch of business in the great northwest. He was born in Lincoln county, Missouri, February 18, 1860, a son of Reuben and Sarah (Mcintosh) Gentry, both of whom were natives of Virginia. He is also a grandson of George Gentry and Joseph Mclntosch, both of Virginia, who were participants in the Mexican war.

The early years of N. E. J. Gentry were spent in Missouri, where he attended the public schools, and later in Pike county, where he took a course in the McCune College. In 1882 he began teaching school continuing in this profession until 1887, when he removed to Washington, settling in Whelan, Whitman county, where he entered the employ of Chambers & McConnell, doing a general grain business. He remained in that connection until 1895, in which year he removed to Pullman and took charge of the Farmers Alliance Warehouse at that point. In 1897 he was employed by Chambers & Price in the capacity of grain buyer. Two years later he entered the employ of Aaron Kuhn, his duties being to purchase grain in Pullman and Moscow. In 1901 he began working for the Kerr- Gifford Company, acting for them also in the capacity of buyer. He removed to Seattle two years later and entered into partnership with Palmerton, Harvey & Gentry in the grain business. He sold his interest the following year, however, and, returning to Pullman, entered the employ of the Puget Sound Warehouse Company as local representative, having since remained in that capacity. He is interested in several business concerns, being a stockholder and director in the First National Bank, director and president of the Star Bottling Works and a stockholder in the Pullman Leo Fruit Products Company.

Mr. Gentry was married in Missouri, October 10, 1883, to Miss Mary I. Cunningham, a native of that state and a daughter of Joel B. and Martha (Kunbrough) Cunningham, both natives of Kentucky. To this union have been bom two children: Ruby May, who remains at home; and Grover Cleveland, now Uving in Seattle.

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The political allegiance of Mr. Gentry is given to the democracy and he takes considerable interest in political matters, although he has never been an office seeker. He was a school trustee in Whelan, that being the only public position of a semi-political nature which he has occupied. Fraternally he is a member of the local Masonic lodge, having passed through all the chairs, and belongs to the Order of the Eastern Star and the Woodmen of the World, in both of which he has also filled all the chairs. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he is a trustee.

There are many commendable traits of character possessed by Mr. Gentry which have served to ally him to the greater interests of the northwest. First of all he is possessed of absolute integrity, guarding carefully and well the large and varied interests which have been given into his charge. He is an indefatigable worker, his personality is genial and while loyalty to his employers has always characterized him he at the same time scrupulously safeguards the interests of the customers with whom, in the interest of his employers, he does business. During his comparatively long residence in Whitman county he has surrounded himself with a large circle of friends, with whom he is always a prime favorite. His lodge connections easily place him in the front rank among men connected with the fraternal circles of Whitman county, and in the interest of the order to which he belongs he is always active and aggressive, his labors being conducive to the material advancement and the beneficent influence exerted in the community by them.

One of the best known members of professional circles of Spokane is Dr. Edward Pittwood, who has the distinction of being the veteran dentist of the city, considered from the standpoint of years of continuous practice, having located here twenty-eight years ago. He was born in Iroquois county, Illinois, on the 12th of March, 1860, and is a son of L. N. and Maria (Hookway) Pittwood. The parents were both natives of England and were direct descendants of the famous Saunders family. They are now deceased, the father, who was a physician, having passed away in 1897, while the mother's death occurred in 1867.

Dr. Pittwood was reared in his native state and acquired his preliminary education in the public schools of Watseka, Illinois. Having decided to adopt the profession of dentistry for his life vocation he subsequently matriculated in the dental department of the University of Ohio and was awarded the degre« of D. D. S. from that institution with the class of 1881. He first engaged in practice in Kankakee, Illinois, but two years later he decided to come to the northwest, and in 1883 opened an office in Spokane, where he has ever since followed his profession. The Spokane of that period bore little resemblance to tlie thriving city of today, and Dr. Pittwood is the only representative of his profession of that period who is still actively engaged in practice. He has met with success and is now located in the Hyde block, where he has pleasant and well equipped offices. He has always been one of the enthusiastic admirers of this city, in the upbuilding and development of which he has been a tireless worker, and it is in this con- nection in all probability he will be longest remembered. Much of what he has accomplished for the welfare of the community has never been attributed to him^ as he is not self-assertive in any sense of the word nor has he ever sought public favor or honors. He is a very public-spirited man^ whose rare sense of the responsibilities of citizenship and the obligation it involves compels his loyalty and the conscientious fulfillment of every duty that will forward the development of the municipality.

In this city on the 14th of February, 1889, Dr. Pittwood was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Reed, a daughter of George H. and Harriet Reed, and to them have been born two children: Ann Lucille, who was graduated from the American Academy of Dramatic Arts and is now a member of the Shirley Stock Company of Spokane; and Edward H., who is still attending school.

Dr. Pittwood has attained the rank of a Knight Templar in the Masonic fraternity, of which order he has been a member for thirty-one years, having been initiated in the spring of 1881. He votes the republican ticket but has never been an aspirant to official honors. He was for some years a member of the state board of dental examiners. All matters connected with his profession engage his attention and he was one of the organizers and the first vice president of the State Dental Society, and he is also affiliated with the Spokane County and State Dental Associations. He is also president of the Sprague Avenue Improvement Club and is one of the oldest continous members of the Spokane Chamber of Commerce. Dr. Pittwood was the first citizen to advocate grade separation to the Northern Pacific Railway and was in correspondence with President Elliot months before the general public was aware any steps were being taken to bring this about. He was likewise the one who first called public meetings of citizens to erect a concrete bridge across the Spokane river at Monroe street and made many public addresses on this subject with the result that last November saw the opening of the new Monroe street bridge, the longest span in the United States. Dr. Pittwood is held in high esteem in both the business and professional circles of Spokane, both by reason of his invaluable services to the city and his many fine, substantial personal qualities, the worth of which have been fully tested during the long period of his residence here.

Frank McConnell Slagle, president of the Palouse Country Improvement Company and also of the Pullman Chamber of Commerce, is one of the city's most enterprising and public-spirited business men. He was bom in Fairfield, Iowa, on the 3d of October, 1855, and is a son of Christian W. and Nancy M. (Seward) Slagle, the father a native of Pennsylvania and the mother of Connecticut. His parents were both descended from colonial families, his maternal ancestors having participated in the Revolutionary war.

The early education of Frank McConnell Slagle was obtained in the public schools of his native town, after which he attended the State Universitv at Iowa City, his student days being terminated at the age of nineteen years. He began his business career in 1874 as a bank clerk, his first position being with the First

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National Bank at Red Oak^ Iowa. In January^ 1875^ he accepted a similar place in the Bank of Creston at Creston, Iowa. Later in the same year he removed to Perlee, Iowa, to become general manager of the Jefferson Comity Coal Company and he also had charge of the company's store and discharged the duties of postmaster. He retained this position mitil 1879, when he went to Boston, Massachusetts, and entered the Boston Law School and also read law in the office of the Honorable J. G. Abbott. He remained there only a short time, however, subsequently going to Chicago, which was rapidly developing into one of the great commercial centers of the country, and engaged in the commission business. From there he went to the Black Hills as manager of the Alta Lodi Mining Company, and during the period of his connection with this enterprise he built a forty stamp quartz mill and a flume fourteen miles long.

As he had applied himself to business very steadily for several years, in August, 1881, Mr. Slagle decided to go on a long vacation, so he went into the wilds of Montana among the Crow Indians, hunting buffalo and other big game. The following summer he returned to Iowa and in July, 1882, together with others organized the firm of F. M. Slagle & Company of Alton, Iowa, dealers in lumber, grain and coal. Owing to his capable management the undertaking thrived from its incipiency, and they extended the scope of their activities until they had established eighteen lumber and coal yards and twelve elevators in northwestern Iowa and South Dakota. Mr. Slagle had the general management of this company until 1902, when he was offered the position of dean of the Massachusetts College of Osteopathy. As he was most desirous of giving his children the benefit of the better educational advantages and broader culture of the east, he accepted the offer and removed his family to Brookline, Massachusetts, where he remained for six years. In 1906, he gave up his duties as dean and withdrew from all business and lived retired for two years, at the expiration of which time he came to Whitman county.

Mr. Slagle had always been much interested in this section of the country, recognizing that it afforded wonderful opportunities and advantages to the speculator, as its agricultural development has hardly yet begun. Before locating here he purchased eight hundred acres of land six miles west of Pullman, and he has since acquired other realty interests. In January, 1909, together with others he organized the Palouse Country Improvement Company, of which he is president and general manager. They are engaged in promoting and developing orchard tracts and now have one hundred acres of eight-year orchard in the Grand Ronde valley, Oregon, in addition to another tract of the same size adjacent to Pullman, the latter set in the spring of 1912. In addition, Mr. Slagle is also dealing in lumber and coal.

In Illinois, on the 8th of December, 1886, Mr. Slagle was united in marriage to Miss Fannie E. Countryman of New York, a daughter of John H. Countryman. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Slagle, as follows: Helen, Virginia and Christian Seward, all of whom are in Brookline, Massachusetts, where they are attending school.

The family are members of the Congregational church. In his political views Mr. Slagle is a republican, giving his support to the men and measures of that party. He is a member of the Grange and of the Pullman Chamber of Commerce and actively cooperates in promoting the work of both organizations. He is an excellent representative of the type of men to whose enterprise and progressive spirit the northwest is indebted for its rapid and permanent development. He would be an acquisition to any community because of the loyal and stanch support he gives to the municipality.

Benjamin Burgunder

Many of the men who are now living retired in Colfax have spent their active careers in this county. They have been land owners, merchants and manufacturers and have done their share in the development of the country. Prominent amon^ these is Benjamin Burgunder, whose birth occurred in New York on the 15th of April, 1845, and who is a son of Samuel and Fanny (Steuerman) Burgunder, both of whom were natives of Germany. In 1852 the parents removed to Cincinnati, and in that city Benjamin Burgunder acquired his education in the public schools. At the age of fifteen years he put aside his text-books and began earning his own livelihood. His first position was that of clerk in a wholesale leather store in Cincinnati. Two years later, in 1862, he drove across the plains to Portland, and after locating in that city was employed as clerk in a general store. In January, 1863, he went to The Dalles and in the same year came to Walla Walla, Washington, finding again employment in a clerical capacity. In these positions he became very efficient in dealing with the public and handling merchandise and his ability won recognition when he was offered a position at Marcus in a general merchandise store and in 1865, took charge of a store for the same firm in Colville. The following year, 1866, he removed to the mining districts on the Columbia river and became a partner and acted as manager of the store of Lamphere & Company. He conducted this establishment until 1868 when he removed to Perrv Creek, British Columbia, where he engaged in business before returning in 1870 to Colville, and there also established a mercantile business. In December of the next year he went overland to Portland and accepted a position in that city which he held for two years before returning to Cincinnati in 1872 for a visit. In the autumn of that year he again came west, this time settling in Portland until the following year when he returned to Colville and again entered business in a general store. During the next three years he conducted stores both in Walla Walla and Colfax. At the end of that time he engaged independently in the general merchandise business under the name of Burgunder & Schwabacher, and in 1889 retired permanently from business. In the various positions he has held he received adequate returns for his labors, and by careful investments increased his capital to such an extent that at one time he was the owner of two thousand acres of valuable land.

On December 16, 1885, Mr. Burgunder was married to Miss Dora L. Lansdale, of Eugene, Oregon, who is a daughter of Robert K. and Nancy H. (Callison) Burgunder, natives of Kentucky and Illinois respectively. The father was a member of one of the many parties that went to the gold fields of California in 1849. To Mr. and Mrs. Burgunder three children were born: Samuel E. and Robert M., both residents of Colfax; and Leonard, who is living at home.

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1882 served as councilman^ being elected to the office on the citizens' ticket. He is a charter member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. For many years he has been very active in promoting the developtnent of the Inland Empire and he is vice president of the Inland Empire Pioneer Association. Since 1894 he has been one of the most prominent citizens who have been working for the success of the Interstate Fair. His public spiritedness and his ardent supi>ort of all progressive measures have made him one of the most prominent, influential and active citizens of Colfax. His retirement from the business world was a severe loss to the mercantile circles, and the respect and regard in which he was held while connected with them won him many lasting friends who now attest . his worth.

John Edmund Kenedy

Notable among that important and respected class of retired agriculturists, which the state of Washington in such numbers possesses, is John Edmund Kenedy, of Rosalia, Whitman county. He was bom in Polk county, Oregon, February 4, 1855, his father being William Kenedy, who was born in North Carolina, and his mother, Sarah (Richardson) Kenedy, a native of Illinois. The parents were among the hardy pioneers who in 1852 braved the long, tedious journey across the great American plains, driving from the state of Illinois to Oregon, where they took up their abode and where the remainder of their lives was passed.

John Edmund Kenedy was educated in the public schools of Oregon where he remained, alternating between assisting his father in farm work and carefully pursuing his studies, until 1872, when he removed to* Whitman county, Washington, and took up homestead and timber culture claims near Rosalia. The government land which he obtained in this manner comprised three hundred and twenty acres.' In due time he received his patents from the government and continued working successfully on his farm until by the year 1900 he had increased his holdings to eight hundred and seventy acres of fine tillable land. Early in his farming career he began raising stock in considerable amounts, a practice which he continued up until about 1898. Since 1900 in connection with his farm work, which he has never abandoned, he engaged in mining to a large extent. Among mercantile enterprises conceived by Mr. Kenedy, is the Pine Creek Dairy of Spokane, which he established in that year, and conducted until 1904, when he disposed of that interest. From 1874 until 1886 he was in partnership with Melville E. Choate and he had no individual holdings until after the dissolution of that partnership.

Mr. Kenedy was married at Waverly, Washington, September 28, 1887, to Miss Melissa J. Loy, who was bom in Kansas and is a daughter of Samuel A. and Jane (McCarthy) Loy, natives of Pennsylvania and Michigan respectively. Mrs. Kenedy with her parents crossed the plains in covered wagons in 1882. By her marriage she became the mother of two children: Edith E., now Mrs. Ella Stone, of Whitman county; and Loy Melville, who remains at home with his parents. Politically Mr. Kenedy is a republican of the independent type and has for four years been a member of the Rosalia city council. His fraternal affiliations include membership in the Odd Fellows lodge, in which he is an active worker who lias filled all of the chairs. He is a member of the Woodmen of the World, the Farmers

As a son of the great northwest Mr. Kenedy is not unacquainted with those pioneer experiences which were so common and ofttimes hazardous in the early days. In his early manhood he assisted in the building of two stockades for the protection of the white settlers against the Indians^ one of these being located at Pine City and one below Rosalia. An active man throughout his business life, assisting greatly in the building up of the communities in which he lived, active in civic and fraternal as well as business circles, he has by his earnest, well directed efforts long since become recognized as one of the prominent, valued and most highly respected citizens of Whitman county.

James Barrett Holt

The tendency of the age is toward specialization. Investigation has broadened knowledge to such an extent that it would be impossible for any individual to know all there is to be known concerning any science, profession or industrial interest of the world. After gaining a knowledge of the general principles the individual may carry his study to a high degree of perfection in special lines and attain therein a proficiency which would be impossible under other circumstances. Such a course has James B. Holt followed, becoming recognized as an able orchardist. He is engaged in this pursuit near Pullman, Whitman county. His birth occurred at Anderson Court House, South Carolina, September 21, 1851, his parents being Alfred and Harriet (Thomas) Holt, natives of Tennessee and South Carolina respectively.

James B. Holt pursued his early education in the public schools of South Carolina. In 1861 his parents removed to Marietta, Georgia, and he entered the schools of that city. In the spring of 1866 his parents came to Oregon by way of New York, Isthmus of Panama and San Francisco, and after settling in Linn county, Oregon, James Holt again entered the public schools. His term here, however, lasted but three months. The following year he undertook to assist his father in his agricultural pursuits and gained some knowledge of the duties and intricacies of farm culture;. He remained at home thus employed until 1871 when he, in company with his parents, went to Rebel Flat three miles south of Colfax. There he took up a one hundred and sixty acre homestead claim, a preemption claim of one hundred and sixty acres and eighty acres timber land. He devoted his time to developing this property while he was proving it up, and it was his home until 1877. When he came to this country he had brought horses and cattle with him, and in 1877^ in partnership with his father, he engaged in stock dealing, trading horses and cows for sheep. Previously, in the winter of 1875, when he had one hundred head of cattle he lost all but fifteen. In 1878 he engaged in the horse business on Union Flat and three years later removed to Wawawai on the Snake river where he, in partnership with J. B. Tabor, purchased four hundred acres and put out sixty acres of peaches, plums, prunes, apricots, cherries, apples and grapes. He continued to cultivate and improve this land until 1889 when he formed a corporation which purchased the adjoining land until they controlled one thousand acres. As he took the initiative in incorporating this company he was subsequently given charge of its management^ and much of the productivity of this property, two hundred and fifty acres of which is planted to fruit trees, is due to his efforts. He remained there imtil the panic of 1898 when they lost so heavily that they were compelled to dispose of the property and after that transaction Mr. Holt had but three hundred dollars as capital with which to start in business again. The corporation had been composed in part of J. A. Perkins, W. J. Hamilton, Dr. Mitchell and H. H. Spalding. In 1894 Mr. Holt removed to Albion, Washington, rented a small place and began to raise hogs, chickens and garden truck. This enterprise was conducted on a very small scale, but as rapidly as his resources allowed he added to the property and stock until in 1896, when he removed to Pullman, Washington, and opened a small commission house. In these various undertakings he had tried to regain his former fortune and in 1901 was able to purchase twenty-five acres adjoining Pullman and planted it in orchard. He continued developing this property and met with such success that in 1910 he sold six thousand boxes of apples and is now one of the leading small orchardists of Pullman county. But he has not confined his attention wholly to agricultural pursuits, but is associated with the leading business-men of Pullman and is stockholder, director and vice president of the Star Bottling & Manufacturing Company, and a stockholder in the Leo Fruit Produce Company.

In Whitman county, on the 28th of October, 1875, Mr. Holt was married to Miss Henrietta Tabor, a native of Oregon 4o(f a '^iijcKt^ of John B. and Malsina (Taylor) Tabor, both of whom were born . i|i' Indrao^y i : To Mr. and Mrs. Holt three children were born: Mrs. W. R. *Brewer, who is residing in St. Louis, Missouri, and is the mother of one child; Harolc^ G.^.who is living at home and attending Washington College ; and Evi, ndio* M^d* at -the- age of twelve years.

In politics Mr. Holt has always voted with the democratic party. He holds membership in the Masons and the Woodmen of the World. His prominence and interest in civic affairs are shown by an incident which occurred when the county seat of Whitman coimty was to be established. In the contest for this Mr. Holt drove a stake on his land and called it Whitman City and that place contested with Colfax for the seat.

Odell V. Bryson

Odell V. Bryson, who is conducting a furniture store in Colfax, was born in Oregon on the 26th of June, 1868, and is a son of Isaac L. and Harriet (Darling) Bryson, natives of Ohio and Illinois respectively. The parents removed to Whitman county in 1871, and settled seven miles north of Colfax on the Palouse river, where the son, Odell V. Bryson, spent his boyhood and youth. His education was acquired in the public schools of Colfax and subsequently in the University of Washington at Seattle, in which institution he remained through the sophomore year. He received a free scholarship for Whitman county from James V. Odell and John Lawrence in a competitive examination. Later he engaged in farming in Whitman county, but in 1895 gave up agricultural pursuits to engage in the butcher business at Garfield where he remained for one year. After this he taught school and was employed in making railroad ties until 1897 when he returned to Colfax and accepted employment putting up straw. Two years later^ when he had earned enough money to make the final payment upon his Garfield property, he purchased a coal con^any and entered upon a business career for himself, this concern being known as the Colfax Fuel Company. In 1906 he opened a warehouse at Almota, but the following year returned to Colfax and engaged in the furniture business, which he is still conducting. He carries a well selected stock, and by a careful study of the wants of his customers he is proving that his establishment is a most satisfactory and valuable asset to the mercantile world of Colfax.

On November 18, 1905, Mr. Bryson was married to Miss Ida Kartowitz, who is a native of Germany and a daughter of Carl and Wilhelmina (Streech) Kartowitz, both of whom are at present residing in Germany. Mr. Bryson holds membership in the Woodmen pf the World, the Knights of Pythias, the Modem Brotherhood of America, of which he is secretary, the Moose and the Commercial Club of Colfax. He is also a member of the Christian church. Politically he gives his support to the republican party, but frequently casts his vote for man or principal rather than according to party dictates. Throughout the various periods he has resided in Colfax he has won the respect and regard of his fellow citizens, which he holds because of his integ^ty, loyalty apd high sense of honor. He is recognized as one of the most enterprising citizens of Colfax and his assistance is never lacking when any measure is proposed which will further the social, moral and educational development of the town.

Matt Baumgartner

Germany has furnished a valuable class of citizens to the new world. They have brought with them from their native country the unremitting energy and perseverance characteristic of the Teutonic race and in the great majority of cases have attained success in the management of varied business affairs. Matt Baumgartner, who is residing in Spokane, was born at Bingen-on-the-Rhine, Germany, on the 31st of March, 1872, his parents being George and Katherine (Weber) Baumgartner. The mother died in 1910. In his native land the father was an architect and contractor.

Until he was nineteen years of age Matt Baumgartner attended school in Germany being graduate of the School of Mines at Freiburg, and he later assisted his father in the contracting business until time to enter the usual required militaryservice. After the completion of his term he came to the United States, locating first in California, where he mined for two years, and then was engaged as a chemist assay er in San Francisco and the Coeur d'Alenes. He was interested in mining in Arizona, Colorado and Montana for a short time, after which he went to the Coeur d'Alene mining district, where he has since been interested. He is serving as president of the Listen Mining Company and is a life member and the president of the Washington state branch of the American Mining Congress*.

At Wallace, Idaho, on the 5th of January, 1898, Mr. Baumgartner was married to Miss Mamie Frances Allen, a daughter of James and Katherine Allen and a sister of Eddie Allen^ the Irish comedian^ whose stage name was Allen Doon. Mrs. fiaumgartner possesses artistic talent of a high order and has painted a number of excellent pictures^ making a specialty of figure painting. By her marriage she has become the mother of one child^ Katherine Hughe^ who is attending school.

Politically Mr. Baumgartner gives his support to the republican party and fraternally he is a Mason^ holding membership in the blue lodge. The prosperity of the companies in which he is interested is due in a large measure to their president^ who gives his whole time and most careful attention to their management. Among those who have achieved prominence as men of marked ability and substantial worth in Spokane Mr. Baumgartner occupies a prominent position.

Hans Mumm

A German-American citizen who has distinguished himself in many ways during an extended residence in the northwest is Hans Mumm^ government weather observer at Rosalia^ a retired farmer who was the pioneer of the bee industry in this section and a school director throughout all his life. He was born in Germany^ May 8, 1852, his parents being Hans and Wiebke (Mueller) Mumm. Hans Mumm was educated in the excellent graded schools of Germany and in 1862 began working with his father on the farm, a vocation which he followed until the death of his parents in 1872, when he entered the bee industry and followed that line of work until 1880, in which year he came to the conclusion that the new world offered advantages not to be found in the fatherland and emigrated to the United States.

On landing on this side of the Atlantic he crossed the great American continent to the Palouse country, Washington, where he settled in the locality in which his brother Wesley had previously located and there took up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres and also ^mother of similar size under the timber culture laws, his land being situated five miles northeast of Rosalia. He labored incesjiantly asd by his well directed efforts he early succeeded in placing the greater part of his land imder a good state of cultivation and added to the farm such improvements as were necessary. After obtaining government patent to this land he again engaged in his former occupation, that of bee culture, thus becoming the pioneer of the bee business in this community. In addition to these interests he is a stockholder in the National Bank of Rosalia, owns stock in the local telephone company and also in the Rosalia Water Company of which concern he is the treasurer. He has also given a considerable share c* his time and attention to the raising of fruit. His labors on the farm were eminently successful and after engaging actively in various lines of business until 1907, he retired in that year and removed to Rosalia, where he is now living. In addition to his property near Rosalia he has considerable holdings in Spokane and Everett, Washington.

It was in 1875 that Mr. Mumm was married to Miss Louisa Binge, the ceremony taking place prior to his emigration to this country. His bride is a daughter of Daniel and Anna C. (Wuelfer) Binge, both natives and lifelong residents of Germany. To Mr. and Mrs. Mumm were born two children: Hans, who was graduated from the college at Pullman in 1901, and who afterward married Miss Susan

When he left Germany^ taking with him his passports^ Mr. Mumm did so with the full intention of becoming an American citizen, and one of his first acts upon arriving in Washington was to officially declare his intention to become a citizen of the United States, renouncing all allegiance to governments, princes and potentates of Germany and every other country whatsoever. On reviewing the political situation of the country he became affiliated with the republican party and in 1892 lie was appointed by the government of the United States as weather observer at Rosalia. He has a finely kept office and his efficient service in this connection has been of great value to the people of this community and surrounding country. He has always taken great interest in educational matters and has all his life been a school director.

The successful business career of Mr. Mumm, when considered in connection with the interest which he has taken in educational and civic matters, furnishes a conspicuous example of the splendid German- American citizens who in such large numbers now give fealty to the American flag. Perhaps no nationality of foreign birth or language has contributed in so large a degree to the citizenship of this great country as have the Germans. The splendid educational facilities possessed by the fatherland is no doubt a great factor in making this true. Mr. Mumm in his business and public life has always formed friends in large numbers and by his. consistent, affable and sociable demeanor has held, probably, a larger proportion of them than has the large majority of men. His dealings in all the affairs of life have always been characterized by integrity, impartiality and fairness and he is in all respects one of the most valued and highly esteemed citizens of the country of his adoption.

H. T. Burnett, who has been connected with the commercial activities <^ Davenport for the past five years, was born in London, England, on the 10th of August, 1869, and is a son of C. Compton and Sarah A. Burnett. The father, who was a clergyman in the churcli of England, emigrated to the United States with his wife and family in 1872, locating in Iowa. There he followed his profession for eleven years when he came to Spokane, Washington, as rector of All Saints church.

As he was a child of only three years when he accompanied his parents on their removal to the United States, H. T. Burnett obtained his education in the public schools of Iowa and Spokane. He was an industrious, enterprising lad and during his school days used to earn his own spending money by working at various occupations suitable for one of his age. It was at this time that the Spokane Falls Review, now the Spokesman Review, was founded and Mr. Burnett carried and delivered the first issues of this paper, of which he is now the exclusive representative in Davenport. When he had attained the age of seventeen years he left school and located on his father's ranch, in the vicinity of Spokane, devoting his attention to its cultivation during the succeeding four years. Deciding at the expiration of that period that he wanted to learn a trade he returned to the city and entered the National Iron Works as a machinist's apprentice. At the end of his three years' service he entered the employment of Graham & Company, wholesale and retail stationers, with whom he remained for twelve and a half years. He was a faithful and conscientious employe, early displaying qualities that won for him the confidence of the firm, who promoted him from time to time in accordance with the ability he displayed until he was manager of the wholesale stationery department, from which position he resigned in 1906 to come to Davenport. By reason of his thrift he had acquired sufficient capital to engage in business for himself and coming to Davenport he opened a book and stationery store. He carries a full and complete line of periodicals and newspapers and also keeps a stock of confectionery and toys and such notions as are usually handled in an establishment of this kind. His store is well kept and tastefully arranged and naturally attracts many patrons, while the gracious and courteous treatment accorded all enables Mr. Burnett to retain his customers. He has built up a very good business during the period of his operations here and is constantly gaining patronage.

Spokane was the scene of the marriage of Mr. Burnett to Miss Margaret Meacham, a daughter of George Meacham of that city, on the 15th of July, 1901. Of this union there have been born four children : Ruth, whose birth occurred in 1908; Trafford, born in 1906; and Herbert and Hugh, twins, who were bom in 1907.

Mr. and Mrs. Burnett are members of the Episcopal church, in the work of which they take an active and earnest interest, Mr. Burnett at the present time being treasurer. He is also a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, being identified with Davenport Lodge, No. 55, of which he has been financier for the past three years, and he is affiliated with the Redmen, holding the office of collector in this order. His political support Mr. Burnett gives to the republican party, the policy of which receives his unqualified indorsement, but he does not take an active part in municipal affairs, feeling that his personal matters require his undivided time and attention.

Edmund Everett Flood

The annals of successful and extensive business operations of the great northwest are not surpassed in comparative splendor or magnitude by those of any section in the United States. A conspicuous figure in the history of this part of the Union is Edmund Everett Flood, manager of the Broadview Dairy Farm, adjoining the city limits of Rosalia, Whitman county, Oregon. The name of Flood is not distinguished by business interests and activities alone, however, as in the veins of the subject of this review flows the blood of the patriots of 1776, to whose self-sacrificing and perilous labors in the founding of this republic we are indebted to for the liberties and the civilization which we today enjoy. This is true, as both the paternal and maternal great-grandfathers of Mr. Flood were actively engaged in the war of the revolution.

Mr. Flood was bom in the state of Maine, July 11, 1881. The grandfathers were David Flood and John Brackett, both of Massachusetts, and the father was

Allen H. Floods a native of Maine^ and the mother Elizabeth Braekett, born and reared in New Hampshire. The parents removed to Marshall, Washington, in 1889, where they settled and where Mr. Flood received a common-school education, finishing in the schools of Spokane. The father, with true pioneer spirit, drove oxen in the lumber camps of Washington and worked at the dairying business in a small way to support his family. From 1896 to 1898 Edmund E. Flood worked for a dairyman and continued his schooling and in 1898 he worked in the small dairy owned and operated by his father. In 1899 he moved to Butte, Montana, where he entered the employ of the Butte Gas Company, and remained with that concern for about a year. He then returned to Spokane and entered into partnership with C. B. Foote in the plumbing business, the firm name being C. B. Foote & Company. This proved to be a disastrous business venture and in the fall of the same year Mr. Flood removed to Seattle and entered the employ of the Seattle Gas Company. In the spring of the following year he returned to Spokane and established the Broadview Dairy Company, the dairy comprising at its beginning thirty-six cows. He continued in this business in Spokane until increasing patronage demanded a larger place. Accordingly, in 1904, through his efforts, the Broadview Dairy Farm was incorporated, with A. H. Flood, president; E. E. Flood, vice president, and F. B. Flood, secretary. In 1906 this corporation changed the place of its operations to Marshall Junction, purchasing six hundred acres and establishing a dairy with one hundred and fifty cows. In 1909 the concern purchased six hundred and forty acres adjoining the town of Rosalia, which became the seat of the Concern's operations. Business grew under the wise management of Mr. Flood as its manager and vice president until now the dairy comprises from six hundred to eight hundred cows and in addition to the six hundred and forty acres which it operates an entire section of land is rented to supplement the six hundred and forty acres it owns in the way of helping to furnish feed for the dairy stock. An important branch of this company's business is a large ice cream factory in Spokane, which also does a general retail milk business and handles one-third of the entire milk supply of that city. In addition to the large interests of Mr. Flood in the dairy at Rosalia and the ice cream factory and milk business at Spokane he is also a stockholder and director of the bank of Rosalia. His ability and untiring efforts in connection with the dairy business have given him prominence throughout this section and he is at present vice president of the Northwestern Live Stock Association. His well known loyalty to the northwest and the untiring interest which he takes in its upbuilding and prosperity have made him popular throughout the business circles of Whitman county, and he is now vice president of the Rosalia Chamber of Commerce. Mr. Flood was married in Rosalia, Washington, on June 28, 1904, to Miss Pebble Mae Fish, of Missouri, a daughter of Robert J. and Temperance (Morgan) Fish, her father being a native of Illinois and her mother of Kentucky. To this union one son has been born, David J. Fraternally Mr. Flood is affiliated with the Masonic order, having progressed in Masonry up to and including the thirty-second degree. He is also a member of the Odd Fellows and of the Knights of Pythias, as well as belonging to the Inland Club of Spokane. In his political ' views he is a republican, although maintaining sufficient independence of the grand old party to vote for other candidates when they appear to him to be more suited to the positions they seek than are the candidates of his own party.

Spokane And The Inland Empire 403

This brilliant young business man^ though young in years^ has by his own efforts, unaided by inheritances^ achieved a business success greatly superior to that which ordinarily befalls the lot of men of mature years. Born of splendid lineage, possessing courage^ wisdom, discretion and ambition, he has single-handed and alone fought his way forward in the commercial world until he has become well known in dairying and stock circles throughout this state. The management of the affairs of the large corporation in his hands entails no small responsibility and to his wise and aggressive policies the company is very largely indebted £or the great degree of success to which it has attained. It is not to be wondered at that such a man should be popular among his acquaintances and friends, as not only his business ability but his genial, companionable manner everywhere inspire con£dence and esteem. Edmund £. Flood is destined to carve out for himself an anusually brilliant and successful business career and is to become still more widely known, more valuable to the northwest and more useful to his community.

George William Reed

George William Reed, who is successfully engaged in the real-estate business at Pullman, was born in Frederick county, Virginia, November 22, 1850. His parents, James M. and Mary C. (Miller) Reed, were bom natives of Virginia and were reared and married in that state. In 1858 they removed to Missouri, locating on a farm there. During the Civil war the father served on the Union side in the state militia.

George William Reed, being eight years of age when his parents removed to Missouri, had attended the public schools in his native state for a couple of terms and on reaching Missouri, completed his education in the public schools there. In 1866 he began working on his father's farm, where he remained until 1870, when he started out in life for himself by working as a farm hand in Missouri. In February, 1875, he went to Shasta county, California, and was there employed for one year by the California & Oregon Stage Company. In the fall of 1876 he moved to Chico, California, and until June, 1877, was employed in a sash and door factory. He then came to Washington, locating at Palouse, where he started the first steam sawmill in that district and it was the second steam sawmill in the county, known as Farnsworth, Worley & Company. In 1878 he took charge of and operated the Reed Hotel at Palouse, but after one year removed to a farm six miles north of Pullman, where he homesteaded a tract of one hundred and sixty acres and improved the same, residing there until 1891. He then came to Pullman and engaged in the real-estate and loan business, remaining in this line of work imtil June, 1893. In that year he bought a half-interest in the grocery store of R. B. Bragg and continued in that work until 1899, the store being conducted under the firm name of Bragg & Reed. He then went to Tacoma, where he was engaged in the grocery business until 1901, when he returned to his home farm and operated the same for one year. Returning to Pullman, he there established a furniture business in partnership with William White, under the firm name of White & Reed. Later Mr. Reed purchased the interest of Mr. White and operated the store as the Reed Furniture Store until 1904, when he sold a half-inter- est to R. G. Smith and together they managed the furniture store until 1906, when Mr. Reed sold out and has since devoted his. entire attention to the real-estate business. He has an extensive patronage and is very successful in his line of work. He is a stockholder in the Leo Vinegar & Produce Company and is at present a member of the Pullman Chamber of Commerce.

At Whelan, Washington, on the 28th of February, 1878, Mr. Reed was united in marriage with Miss Addie Branham, who was born in Kansas, a daughter of Christopher C. and Rachel (Reilly) Branham, the father a native of Illinois and the mother of Ohio. Mr. Branham was one of the early pioneers who crossed the plains with horse teams. To Mr. and Mrs. Reed have been born four children: William Edgar, of Libby, Montana; Leila M., who is now Mrs. Robert M. Ray, of Spokane, Washington, and the mother of one son; Gladys Hazel, at home; and one, who died in infancy.

In politics Mr. Reed is a democrat and he has served as councilman for one term. He has ever been greatly interested in school work and was a member of the board of education for several years, being a member when the first high-school diplomas were granted. In 1877 he was one of the charter members of the Masonic lodge in Pullman and is further identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, having filled all the chairs in the local lodge, and also the Order of Rebekahs. He is likewise associated with the Woodmen of the World. Mr. Reed is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, is now a trustee and was the first trustee and one of the organizers of the first church at Pullman. As an early resident of this part of the country he is acquainted with almost the entire history of the county and his memory forms a connecting link between the primitive past and the progressive present.

Israel Day Lemley

Among the well known and successful farmers of Whitman county, Washington, is Israel Day Lemley, who was born in Monroe county, Ohio, December 4, 1861, being a son of Peter O. and Elizabeth (Riley) Lemley, both natives of Ohio.

The early youth of Israel Day Lemley was spent in Ohio, where he received a common-school education. As a boy he began actively assisting his father with the work on the farm and so continued until 1887, when he removed to Cheney, Washington, and began farming on his own account on a place four miles west of that town, where he remained until 1890, when, with his two brothers, he pnrchased three hundred and twenty acres six miles northwest of Rosalia, Whitman county, Washington. His habits of industry and economy, coupled with wise business management, enabled him from time to time to increase his landed holdings until he became the owner of seventeen hundred and seventy-two acres of land. He now has fifteen hundred acres, all of which is located in Spokane county. Mr. Lemley still owns his ranches which are taken care of and cultivated by his sons, while he makes his residence in Rosalia, where he has purchased a home in order that his younger children might have better school facilities.

Mr. Lemley was married in Ohio, in 1881, to Miss Callie Burkey, of that state. Her father, John Burkey, was a native of Switzerland, and her mother, who in her maidenhood was Secretia Dillon, was born in Ohio. To Mr. and Mrs. Lemley were bom nine children: Forest and Clarence, both residing in Spokane county on ranches owned by their father; Homer, who is living in Idaho; Millie, who became the wife of William Vandecar, of Spokane county; and Ada, Addie, Lester, Cyrus and Thelma, all of whom are at home.

Mr. Lemley is an independent democrat in his political views and, although not a politician in the office-seeking sense of the word, he takes time to give a reasonable amount of attention to public affairs. He is deeply interested in educational matters and has been a school trustee for a considerable period. In his fraternal affiliations he is a member of the Knights of Pythias, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Farmers Union and the Grange. He takes an active interest in church work and is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he is one of the trustees. He is also a member of the Rosalia Chamber of Commerce.

Mr. Lemley is a valued, active and influential citizen in the county of which he is a resident. His activity in public and particularly educational and church affairs have given him an extensive acquaintance so that he is among the better known citizens of Whitman county. In his manner of life he is generous, sociable and patriotic, and his business dealings are characterized by integrity and equal justice to all with whom he comes in contact.

William W. McCreary is a menfib^r df^tfie'lirm of McCreary & Willard, railroad contractors of Spokane, and foif many years- iLas. been well known in connection with railway building in the northwest. Capability, energy and determination have been the salient features in winning him success that places him among the leading business men of his class in this part of the country. He was born at Cape Vincent, in the state of New York, July 29, 1857, a son of James and Sarah McCreary. The family is of Scotch origin, although representatives of the name in early generations removed to Ireland, and it was in that country that James McCreary was born. He married Sarah McCormack, who was probably of Irish lineage. They became the parents of two sons but the brother of William W. McCreary died in infancy and his parents died while he was too young to remember them. A small amount of incumbent property was left but he never received anything from this, and is a self-made man, who from early age has been dependent entirely upon his own resources. He had no educational advantages save what the common schools afforded. He spent his boyhood days upon a farm but not wishing to follow agricultural pursuits as a life work, he learned the carpenter's trade and in 1880 made his way westward to Minneapolis, where he followed building pursuits, for the city was then growing very rapidly and there was an excellent field for labor in the line of his trade. For about nine years he remained a resident of Minneapolis and then removed to Montana, where he engaged in railroad building on the line of the Northern Pacific, wliich was then heing constructed from Logan to Butte. He had charge of the erection of all of the buildings along the line and was thus engaged until the completion of the road. E. H. McHenry was in charge of the work and G. W. Hendrick was chief engineer on the Northern Pacific. Vol m - 21

When the line was completed^ Mr. McCreary came to Spokane and took a contract for the terminal buildings at Coulee City on the Central Washington Railroad^ which was then building. After the completion of that contract he did some work for the Northern Pacific Railroad Company at Wallace and at Burke^ Idaho. About that time railway construction ceased for some time but later he was appointed bridge and building superintendent for the Idaho division of the road, with offices at Sprague. A few years later the railroad shops and offices at that place were destroyed by fire and the headquafters of the company were then removed to Spokane. Mr. McCreary continued in charge of the bridge building department until 1901, when he left the employ of the railroad company to engage in business on his own account, forming a partnership with Mr. Willard, which connection has since continued. Their business at the present time amounts to about one hundred thousand dollars per year. Mr. McCreary was well established by reputation as a railroad builder when he entered upon his present partnership, owing to the excellent work which he had previously done in other connections and it was therefore not difficult to secure a liberal patronage, which now places him among the successful and substantial business men of Spokane.

On the 7th of December, 1880, at Flandreau, South Dakota, Mr. McCreary was united in marriage to Miss Margaret A. Owens, a daughter of Richard Owens, and unto them have been born four children: Maud M., the wife of Berton E. Helbom, of Spokane; Harry A., at home; William B., who is attending the Houston school; and Richard Allen, who died at the age of five, in Minneapolis. The family attend the Vincent Methodist church, of which Mr. McCreary is a member. He is interested in its work and contributes generously to its support. His political allegiance has always been given to the republican party but without ambition or desire for office. His life record illustrates what may be accomplished when ambition and energy lead the way. There are no obstacles too great to be surmounted if those qualities are dominant forces in the life of an individual. Deprived in youth of many of the advantages which should come to the young through parental care, training and assistance, Mr. McCreary nevertheless came to a realization of the fact that in the individual lies the secret of success and not in time, place or circumstance. He has wisely used his opportunities, proving his worth at every point in his career and thus he has attained the creditable success which is now his.

Moye Wicks, who has engaged in the practice of law as his real life work and yet has made valuable contributions to literature, is now located in Spokane, where he has secured a clientage of a most important character. He was born at Aberdeen, Mississippi, April 22, 1855, a son of M. J. Wicks and Mrs. Sarah Amanda Wicks, nee Jennings. His father was president of various banks and was also president of the Memphis & Charleston Railroad Company. A distinguished officer in the Confederate army, he stood so high in the confidence of the Confederate government as to receive the appointment of its chief financial representative in Europe. Moye Wicks is descended from families of distinction in Europe. His fijTst American ancestor on the paternal side was Lambert Wicks^ commander of the Reprisal, the first ship of war equipped by President George Washington. In Sloan's History of Our Navy it is said: "He it was who first flaunted the American flag in British waters and first burned British ships in sight of British shores." His first American ancestor on the maternal side was Sir Edmund Jennings, who came to Virginia in 1708 as royal lieutenant governor under Queen Anne.

Mr. Wicks was educated in Virginia and Tennessee in the usual classical, mathematical and law courses. In early manhood he edited a country newspaper and later became editor of the Austin Statesman, one of the oldest daily papers in Texas. The main pursuit of his life has been the practice of law. He has resided in Los Angeles, California, Houston and Austin, Texas, and is now practicing in Spokane. He has been engaged in many important litigations and has contributed to the establishing of legal principles in numerous leading cases of large import. In some degree* he is "a lawyer's lawyer," being often engaged by other attorneys to try cases in court.

Mr. Wid(s was married at Los Angeles, California, July 10, 1884, to Miss Moxley Sorrell, a daughter of Colonel Richard Henry Douglas Sorrell, who commanded a Confederate regiment, and niece and namesake of Major General Moxley Sorrell, also of the Confederate army. Mrs. Wicks is descended from a noble French family on her father's side and on her mother's side springs from the Gordons and Jordans, noted families of Georgia. Mr. and Mrs. Wicks have the following children: Moye; Madeleine, the wife of Robert Joseph Kennedy, a lawyer of Baltimore, Maryland; Muriel; Marion; Mervyn; Mildred; Melville; Moxley Sorrell; and Mallory.

Mr. Wicks is a Catholic in his religious views and in politics is a strict construction democrat - an advocate of the doctrine of John C. Calhoun that the central government at Washington is but the delegated agent for the sovereign states and but their clearing house for the transaction of interstate affairs and for the regulation of their diplomatic and commercial relations with foreign powers. Though an active lawyer in full practice and regarded as one of the eminent representatives of the bar of the northwest because of his comprehensive understanding of the principles of jurisprudence and his ability to accurately apply its principles, he has found relaxation in literary pursuits and has written several books, notably one entitled "Francis Bacon," which has made a great impression in the higher literary circles of the United States. Extensively read in the literature of many languages, he also has wide knowledge concerning art in its various phases and is well known as a collector of paintings, engravings and rare volumes.

C. H. Holmes, one of the prominent citizens of Wilbur who is successfully engaged in the real-estate and loan business, has been a resident of Lincoln county for twenty-two years, and during that time has been identified with various local activities. He was bom in Sauk Rapids, Minnesota, on June 17, 1865, and is a son of C. C. and Mary Holmes. The parents were both natives of the state of New

C. H. Holmes was reared at home and given the advantages of a common-school education. He early laid aside his text-books and began his business career^ and being a thrifty and energetic youth of much determination of spirit he met with success. At the age of about twenty years he engaged in the lumber and wood business in Sauk Rapids^ but believing that the northwest afforded better opportunities and greater advantages^ he disposed of his enterprise in 1889 and together with his young wife came to Washington. Lincoln county was his destination and upon his arrival here he filed on a homestead three miles from Wilbur. He was not famiUar with agricultural pursuits^ but he is a man of practical ideas and clear judgment and by the intelligent direction of his energies met with a goodly measure of success. It was his ambition to again engage in business^ however^ and with this thought in mind he applied himself tirelessly to the operation of his ranch. His efforts were rewarded- with constantly increasing returns during the succeeding seven years, which, together with the price of his ranch, which he sold in 1896, enabled him to engage in the general mercantile business in Wilbur. He carried a well assorted stock of merchandise that he offered at reasonable prices and met with little difficulty in building up a profitable trade. He continued to conduct this store for nine years and at the end of that time sold it to Mr. Parks and in 1906 he opened a real-estate and loan office. This has proven to be a lucrative undertaking and he has negotiated some large transactions. Since engaging in this business Mr. Holmes has been instrumental in the upbuilding and development of this section of the county, as through his efforts many settlers have been induced to locate in and adjacent to Wilbur. He has acquired some valuable holdings in the Little Kettle mining country, that are being developed, and he also owns four hundred and eighty acres of fine wheat land, which he rents to good advantage.

On the 4th of March, 1888, Mr. Holmes was united in marriage to Miss Emma C. G. Waltman, a daughter of J. S. Waltman, a well known veterinary surgeon of Minnesota, and they have become the parents of Harry, Roy, Byron, Cecil, Ida, Earl, Sylvia, Ernest, Lea and Roland, all of whom are attending school.

The family attend the Methodist Episcopal church and in politics Mr. Holmes is a republican. He is a public-spirited man and takes an active interest in all movements that affect the welfare of the community.

Among the foremost educators and scholars of the northwest stands James Alexander MacLean who is president and professor of political science in the University of Idaho. His birth occurred on the 2d of August, 1868, at Mayfair, Ontario, his parents being Alexander and Hannah (Bateman) MacLean. James A. MacLean received his academic preparation at the Strathroy Collegiate Institute from 1880 to '85. After completing his course in the University of Toronto in 1892, where he received the degree of B. A., he entered Columbia University and the following year received the degree of M. A., and in 1894 the degree of Ph. D. During these years he specialized in economics and jurisprudence and because of his keen intellect and careful study he was elected to the professorship of political science in the University of Colorado^ which chair he held from 1894 to 1900. In that year he resigned his chair in the University of Colorado and became president of the University of Idaho. He continues to hold this position, and his ability both here and at the University of Colorado was given public recognition when in 1905 the University of Colorado conferred upon him the degree of LL. D. He stands as one of the foremost scholars of the country in his particular department, and the recognition given his ability is national.

He holds membership in the American Economic Association, the American Political Science Association and the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences, the National Council of the N. E. A., and the American Association of State Universities.

Dr. MacLean was married on the 5th of October, 1907, to Miss Mary V. Robinson, of Moscow, Idaho. To their union three children were bom: Alexander R., whose birth occurred on the 18th of September, 1908; Francis R., born February 7, 1910; and Alan H., whose birth occurred on the 8d of August, 1911. Although Dr. and Mrs. MacLean reside in Moscow, they are well known throughout the northwest, not only because of their educational prestige but because of their social qualities.

The University of Idaho, of which Dr. MacLean is president, was established by a territorial legislature and opened for the reception of pupils on the 12th of October, 1892. It is most attractively situated on a hill overlooking the city of Moscow and its campus comprises sixty-five acres. The buildings in which its activities are carried on are all modern and substantial structures, and attest the prosperity and rapid growth of the institution. The Administration building which replaces the original one destroyed by fire in 1906, was first occupied in September, 1909. It is three stories high with central tower and covers a ground space of two hundred fifty-four by one hundred and fifty feet. It is one of the most imposing structures on the campus, being in collegiate Gothic style, built of red pressed brick with buff colored sandstone trimmings. Because of the disaster to the other Administration building by fire this one has been made absolutely fire proof. The Engineering building which was erected in 1901-02, is a three-story brick structure with a ground plan of sixty by one hundred eight feet. Liszt Hall, which was formerly the Horticultural building, is now refitted for the department of music. Kidenbaugh Hall, which is sufficiently large to accommodate one hundred students, serves as the women's dormitory. It was completed in 1902 and is a three-story brick building furnished according to the most modern and approved plans. The armory and gT^mnasium which was finished in 1904, is a large rectangular structure of red brick with a ground plan of one hundred twenty-nine by sixty-four feet. This was erected at a cost of twenty-five thousand dollars. The annex to the gymnasium, which was completed last year, is a wooden structure sixtj' by one hundred and eighty feet, and is known as Lewis Court. The Assay building is a low structure having a floor space of one hundred ten by fifty-two feet. It is built of selected brick with rubble foundation, and is fully equipped for assaying. The Metallurgical Laboratory is built of red pressed brick and is one of the best laboratories in the northwest. It has a ground plan of eighty- four by ninety-six feet. The total cost of the mining buildings amounted to forty thousand dollars. One of the most imposing buildings on the campus is Morrill Hall, which is devoted to the College of Agriculture^ and is also the Agriculture Experiment Station. It was completed in 1906 and is built of brick and stone^ its cost being about fifty thousand dollars. In 1907 the experimental work of the university was greatly augmented by the erection of a flour mill for experimental work in the improvement of wheat. One end is designed for the investigation of fruit by-products. The forge shop, which is thirty by thirty-four feet, was added in 1907 to the equipment of the department of mechanical engineering. The university also maintains two green-houses, each fifty by eighteen feet. A dairy barn and stock- judging pavilion were erected in the summer of 1912 at a cost of nine thousand, ftve hundred dollars. They represent the highest standards of convenience, utility and sanitation in buildings designed for live stock. The herd that is housed and exhibited in these buildings includes many individual animals that are well known in all the prize rings of the country. As is usually the case, the library is one of the most complete departments of the institution. It is located on the second floor of the Administration building and contains over twenty thousand volumes in addition to several hundred pamphlets, and receives regularly about one hundred twenty copies of the leading periodicals, both general and technical, in English and foreign languages and also over one hundred Idaho newspapers. The enrollment of the students during the last year was ftve hundred twenty-seven.

Much of the prosperity of the university at the present time is due to the untiring efforts of its president and to the liberal support which he receives from the citizens of Idaho, their confidence having been placed in him because of the admirable record which he has made in educational work. A state university has the possibilities of aiding more directly in the development of its commonwealth than any other Une of educational institution, its duty being especially to promote such departments as will aid in the material development of the state which supports it

Isaac J. Galbraith

Spokane stands high among the cities of the west in the appearance of its streets and buildings. Although its growth has been almost phenomenal, at the same time its builders have taken time to consider the effect of their operations. Its buildings are both substantial and adequate and reflect due credit upon the architects, the contractors and the promoters of the city. Among its finer class of buildings are the First Methodist Episcopal church, the Corbet building and the Gandy building, all of which have been erected by the firm of Galbraith & Telandcr, whose offices are in the Empire State building and of which Isaac J. Galbraith is the senior member. Mr. Galbraith was born in Monongahela, Washington county, Pennsylvania, on the 1st of November, 1859, his parents being Robert and Sarah (Reed) Galbraith, whose deaths occurred in 1904 and 1868 respectively. The father was captain of the Twenty-second Pennsylvania Cavalry in the Civil war and was in active service for four years, participating in the battles of the Wilderness and Gettysburg.

Isaac J. Galbraith received his preliminary education in the public schools of his native state. Subsequently he attended Wesley an University for three years. After he had completed these courses he began the study of architecture by entering the offices of a prominent Pittsburg architect. Until 1882 he was thus employed before engaging in business for himself in partnership with William McBride under the firm name of McBride & Galbraith. This firm had the distinction of designing the first ten-story building that was erected in Pittsburg. Because of ill health Mr. Galbraith removed to Montana in 1887 and was there engaged in business until 1898^ when he came to Spokane^ where he has since been continuously engaged in business activities. While in Montana he designed the building erected by that state at the World's Fair, Chicago, in 1898. Three years ago he retired from the architectural business and entered the contracting business with J. F. Telander under the firm name of Galbraith & Telander. In addition to their office in this city they also maintain one in Portland, Oregon. The many buildings which they have erected in this city attest their ability and the extensive patronage which they enjoy among the prominent citizens of this city indicates that their methods, integrity and constructive work are thoroughly appreciated. Much of their success is due to the untiring efforts, the superior knowledge and the careful direction of the senior partner, Isaac J. Galbraith.

On the 28th of May, 1882, Mr. Galbraith was married, at Pittsburg, to Miss Laura Nesbit, a daughter of William and Eliza Nesbit. To their union four children have been born: Cecil C, who was formerly employed as civil engineer by the Great Northern Railroad, and is now engaged at the Bremerton navy yard ; Earl C, government mining examiner for the state of Montana ; and Charles S. and Winfield, who are students in the high school of this city. Fraternally Mr. Galbraith is a Mason, having attained the third degree, and also held membership in the Knights of Pythias, in which organization he passed through all the chairs but from which he has resigned. To such men as Mr. Galbraith Spokane owes much of its development, and the improvements which are being made along civic lines are in a great measure due to his assistance and interest.

N. Russell Hill

N. Russell Hill, editor and manager of the Lincoln County Times at Davenport, is one of the youngest and best known newspaper men in the county. He is a native of Oregon, his birth having occurred at Eugene on the 18th of September, 1888^ his parents being Jacob F. and Margaret (Sparks) Hill. The family became residents of Davenport in 1894, and here the mother passed away on the 29th of May, ten years later, but the father is still living and for the past six years has held the office of postmaster.

The greater part of the twenty-three years of N. Russell Hill's life has been spent in Davenport, to whose public-school system he is indebted for his education. After graduating from the high school he immediately began preparations for his future career, which he had decided should be that of a newspaper man, by entering thp office of the paper now edited by him. He spent three years there in different capacities, thus fully familiarizing himself with the work of the various departments of a country paper. During the succeeding two and a half years he assisted his father in the postoffice, but prefering the vocation of a journalist he subsequently spent six months on the Inland Herald at Spokane .and a similar period on the

Odessa (Washington) Record. Returning to Davenport he has ever since been editor and manager of the Lincoln County Times, displaying rare efficiency in both capacities. He is an ambitious young man, of high ideals and definite purpose, who fully recognizes the power of the press in the upbuilding and development of the moral and intellectual standards of a community. His paper stands for truth and right and is fearless in its denunciation of those methods, in either commercial or public life, that are not in accordance with the highest standards. He is progressive in his ideas, and most enthusiastically champions the adoption of every movement that means the advancement of the community or its best interests.

On the 9th of October, 1909, Mr. Hill was united in marriage to Miss Ethel Phillips, a daughter of J. B. and Josephine (Matherly) Phillips, fuller mention of whom appears elsewhere in this work.

In political matters Mr. Hill is a republican, and through the columns of his paper at all times gives his unqualified support to the men and measures of this party. Although he has not yet attained his twenty-fourth year, Mr. Hill holds a position in the business world and in the regard of the community that would be a credit to many an older man. His years have been well spent, each contributing its full quota toward the attainment of the standard he has ever held before himself as the fulfilment of life's purpose.

George Washington Nye

One of the well known business men who has been identified with Garfield, Whitman county, Washington, since 1887, is Mr. George Washington Nye, cashier of the Garfield National Bank. Mr. Nye was born in Ohio, August 21, 1859, a son of James and 4^na (Sherrick) Nye, both natives of the Buckeye state. He received his education in the public schools of Ohio, finishing at the normal school at Ada in that state. In 1 879 he became a teacher in his native state, a profession which he followed until in 1885, when he removed to Gilliam county, Oregon, where he continued teaching, his first experience being under the time-honored boardingaround system. His next experience in making a livelihood was when he became a clerk in J. W. Smith's general mercantile store in Arlington, Oregon, where he was employed until the summer of 1886, removing to Colfax, Whitman county, Washington, on the 1st of June of that year. On his arrival in that city he secured employment as a clerk in the store of A. E. Braeman, where he remained until January 1, 1887, at which time he settled in Garfield and entered into partnership with J. C. Lawrence and Greenville C. Holbrook in the hardware business. He owned a half interest and was general manager of the business, a connection which he maintained until 1889. He was then variously employed until in 1890 when he went to Kendrick, Idaho, and laid out the town site. In November of the same year he returned to Garfield and established the Bank of Garfield, of which he became a stockholder, director and cashier. In 1898 he engaged in the real-estate business and was connected with this until in 1901, when he returned to the banking business in connection with the Bank of Garfield, which at that time was a private institution and of which he became part owner and assistant cashier. Mr. Nye retained his connection with this bank until 1908, when it was

Spokane And The Inland Empire 417

On the 14th of June, 1887, Mr. Nye was married, in Ohio, to Miss Priscilla B. McCleery, a native of that state and a daughter of William McCleery, also of Ohio. Unto them have been born three children: Eva, the wife of Fred Boyd, of Garfield, who has a little daughter ; and Blanch and Beryle, yet at home. Mr. Nje in his political allegiance affiliates with the republican party. He is a distinguished member of the Knights of Pythias, having filled all of its chairs. In his religious association he is a Presbyterian, holding the position of trustee of his church.

The active and successful business career of George Washington Nye in the great northwest, particularly in Garfield, where he has longest resided, has contributed in a marked degree to the upbuilding of the business and social interests of this section. Reliability and integrity have been characteristic of him throughout his career and his cordiality of manner as well as his personal magnetism and optimistic natiire have surrounded him with an imusually large circle of intimate business, social and fraternal friends. He takes an active interest in all those projects which are calculated to advance the city and county and is in all respects one of the most valuable and able members of the commimity.

Gustave Reith

Gustave Reith, manager of The IJolfjPMasrcJii 'Hariiwate Company, located at Howard and Railroad streets, is well kjaown in the business icircles of this city, having been actively identified with the abokre natrfechc^^^^^.for. twenty-two years. He is a native of Iowa, his birth having occmred'm Lansing, that state, in 1861, and a son of John and Henrietta (Kerndt) Reith. His parents were bom and reared in Germany, whence they emigrated to the United States about 1854, locating in Iowa. They were subsequently married in Dubuque, whence they moved to Lansing, where for many years the father was engaged in the hardware business, being one of the pioneer merchants of the town.

Reared at home, Gustave Reith, attended the common schools of his native town in the acquirement of an education until he was sixteen years of age. Laying aside his text-books he then entered upon a business career in his father's store. In the three years he served as a clerk there he familiarized himself with the business sufficiently to warrant his seeking a larger field, and at the expiration of that period he went to Chicago, where for four years he was employed as clerk to the manager and buyer of a large wholesale hardware company. This was prior to the advent of the typewriter and telephone, and naturally conditions and methods at that period bore little resemblance to those of the present. He was ambitious and enterprising and was impatient to make progress, so in 1885 he decided to come to the Pacific coast, believing that here he would find better opportunities and greater advantages than were afforded east of the Mississippi. Upon his arrival in the northwest, in 1886, he located in Spokane, where he remained until February of the following year when he went to the Coeur d'Alene mining district. There he became associated with J. H. Boyd in establishing the first hardware store on the south fork of the Coeur d'Alene river. This was operated for three years under the name of J. H. Boyd & Company^ but at the expiration of that time they sold it to J. R. Marks & Company of Murray^ Idaho^ who owned hardware stores in all of the principal mining towns in the Coeur d'Alene district. In June^ 1889^ Mr. Rdth returned to Spokane and entered the employ of The Holly^ Mason & Marks Hardware Company^ now The Holly-Mason Hardware Company^ as a department buyer and manager. He was subsequently promoted and for the past fifteen years he has occupied his present position^ having general supervision of the buying for the general establishment and he also engages all of the help. When he first became identified with this enterprise it was located on Riverside avenue and was an exclusive retail store^ but they have since extended the scope of their activities by adding a wholesale department. During the period of Mr. Reith's management this has been promoted along intelligent lines and has developed in a marvelous manner, so that the greater part of their business now is done with the retail merchants. It IS one of the largest hardware houses not only in Spokane but in the northwest and it is rapidly growing, their receipts showing marked increase from year to year.

Mr. Reith is unmarried and for the past ten years has made his home at the Spokane Club. He has always been very much absorbed in his business interests and has never devoted much time to either social or public affairs. However, he is a progressive man and meets the requirements of good citizenship by appearing at the polls on election day and be can always be depended upon to give his support and cooperation to any movement that he feels will tend to advance the best interests of the community. In common with the majority of business men in this vicinity he is heavily interested in mines, owning some shares that will ultimately prove very valuable and also in real estate in the city. During the long period of his residence in Spokane, Mr. R^ith has formed many close ties among those with whom he has been associated and now has a large circle of friends, who hold him in high regard both by reason of his excellent business ability and because of his many fine personal qualities.

W. S. Bliss

W. S. Bliss has been engaged in the restaurant and bakery business in Reardan for the past thirteen years. As he has met with success in the development of this enterprise he has extended his activities in various other lines and is financially interested in several local concerns. His birth occurred in Mount Vernon, Jefferson county, Illinois, on Christmas day, 1872, his parents being Noah J. and Gilitha (Green) Bliss, likewise natives of Illinois. The father, who was a veteran of the Civil war, devoted his energies to agricultural pursuits until his death in 1889.

Reared at home in the acquirement of his education, W. S. Bliss attended the public schools of Mount Vernon until the death of his father, which occurred when he was seventeen years of age. As his mother then needed his assistance he laid aside his text-books and during the succeeding ten years devoted his entire time and attention to the work of the farm. At the end of that time he decided to come to the northwest, feeling assured that he would here find better opportunities and advantages in a business way than were afforded in the more thickly settled portions of the east. He came to Washington in 1899^ first settling in Tacoma. He did not have a trade^ but as teachers were in great demand and their services were well remunerated he secured a certificate and engaged in teaching for four mcmths. At the end of that time he went to Clark county^ and there for two years he followed such pursuits as provided him with an honest and honorable means of earning his living. As he was thrifty and temperate in his habits he managed to save from his earnings^ during that time^ four hundred dollars. His next removal was to eastern Oregon, where he was employed on a stock ranch for six months. This work did not prove entirely congenial, however, so he gave it up and went to Pendleton, that state. He only remained there for a brief period and then returned to Washington, being located in Spokane for a short time. From there he came to Reardan in 1892, and here he has continued to reside.

When he came here, Mr. Bliss decided to engage in business for himself and purchased a restaurant and subsequently built a bakery that he has ever since operated. That he has prospered in his undertaking is evidenced by the fact that on three different occasions he has been compelled to enlarge his quarters. He is a practical man with high standards of commercial integrity and is conducting his business in such a way as to win and retain the confidence of those who give him their patronage. As he has prospered he has extended his interests by investing in various local enterprises, and he is now a stockholder in the Farmers' State Bank of Reardan and the Western Empire Insurance Company of Spokane. He is likewise a stockholder and director of the Farmers' Telephone Company of Reardan and stockholder and general manager of the Kettle River Mining Company.

Fraternally he is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Modern Woodmen of America and the Foresters. He also belongs to Star Lodge, A. F. & A. M., while he votes the republican ticket. He takes an active interest in all municipal affairs and has for some years discharged the duties of justice of the peace. Mr. Bliss is highly regarded in local business circles, as he conducts his transactions in an honorable, straightforward manner, while in matters of citizenship he is enterprising and progressive.

George Bandy

George Bandy, one of the enterprising young business men of Wilbur, is the proprietor of a drug store in the conduct of which he is meeting with a gratifying measure of success. His birth occurred in Lincoln county. North Carolina, on the 4th of April, 1879, and he is a son of Robert H. and Amy (Beal) Bandy, who are likewise natives of North Carolina. The parents removed to Washington in 1887, first locating at Harrington but the following year they came to Wilbur, and here the father engaged in agricultural pursuits, becoming one of the prominent and substantial ranchmen of the county. He has now withdrawn from active work ^nd is living retired in Wilbur, where he and his wife enjoy the comfort and ease as well as leisure made possible by the competence acquired through the intelligent direction of their activities in early life.

The first eight years in the life of George Bandy were passed in his native state, where he was introduced to the elements of English learning. After coming to

Washington he continued his education in the grammar and high schools of Lincohi county until he was graduated from the latter institution. He subsequently entered the State College at Pullman^ where he studied for four years being graduated with the class of 1901 with the degree of Ph. G. Upon the completion of his course in pharmacy he returned to Wilbur and took a position in the drug store of Dr. B. H. Yount, where he had been employed during his vacations while attending college. He remained in his service until 1903^ when he purchased the store which he has ever since conducted with increasing prosperity. Mr. Bandy is an energetic man of progressive ideas and has manifested unusual capability in the development of his establishment. He carries a large and well assorted stock of drugs^ patent and proprietary medicines^ toilet articles^ stationery and such other jsundries as are usually to be found in a store of this kind. His place is neat and attractive in appearance and favorably located, and as his goods are fully commensurate with the prices charged he is enjoying an extensive and profitable trade. Much of his success must be attributed to a pleasing personality, genial manner and a desire to accommodate all who accord him their patronage. Mr. Bandy has the utmost confidence in the future development and progress of the northwest, and as his circumstances have warranted he has invested in property and is now the owner of hundred acres of fine wheat land, which he is renting to good advantage.

On the 18th of February, 1907, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Bandy to Miss Martha Alderson, a native of Virginia, and they have become the parents of one child. Amy Elizabeth.

Mr. Bandy is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity and he also belcmgs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks of Spokane. In his political views he is a democrat, but he is not an aspirant to public honors, although he takes an active interest in all municipal affairs, and enthusiastically champions every new movement that he feels will advance the interests or general welfare of the community.