Spokane, Washington - History, 1912 (part 4 of 22)

After acquiring his early education in the common schools of Spokane, to which city he was brought during his infancy, Joseph F. Morton continued his education in the Gonzaga College. He prepared for the bar in the pursuit of a law course in the Georgetown University at Washington, D. C, and was graduated with the LL. B. degree in 1907. He then tods: the regular law examination and was admitted to the bar before the supreme court in the District of Columbia. In the same year he returned to Spokane^ was admitted to practice in this state and. has since followed his profession. For a time he was in partnership with John M. Gleeson under the firm name of Gleeson & Morton^ this relation continuing from 1908 until the 1st of January^ 1911. Mr. Mort<m has since practiced alone^ gi^ng his attention to general law^ and although one of the younger members of the bar^ has won a reputation that many an older practitioner might well envy. He is a member of the Inland Club. In his political views Mr. Morton is a republican and keeps well informed on the questions and issues of the day but has never sou^t nor desired office. He prefers to concentrate his energies upon his practice^ which is continually growing in volume and importance.

Francis W. Girand

While engaged in the general practice of law Francis W. Girand s]>ecializes to some extent in that branch of the profession which has to do with land titles and has been connected with considerable important litigation of that character. Like almost every state in the Union^ Texas has furnished its quota of citizens to Washington and among this number is Mr. Girand^ who was bom in Austin, Texas^ April 1^ 1866. His father^ for whom he was named^ was bom in Christian county^ Kentucky^ and is descended from an old family of French origin that was founded in America during colonial days. He was a first cousin of the Hon. Andrew P. McCormick, judge of the United States circuit court of appeals of the fifth circuit, and having removed to that state Francis W. Girand, Sr., was appointed by Judge McCormick to the position of clerk in the United States court of the north district of Texas, which position he filled for thirty years, and upon his retirement his. son W. D. Girand succeeded to the office. For ei^teen years Andrew P. McCormick was judge of the United States district court and was then advanced to the United States court of appeals. During the Civil war F. W. Girand, Sr., served for three years as a soldier of the Confederate army. In early manhood he wedded Anna Crozier; who was born in Nashville, Tennessee, and was descended from an old southern family of Irish lineage. Her father was distinguished as a United States marshal under President Polk and served for six years as state comptroller. The death of his daughter, Mrs. Girand, occurred in 1894 while Francis W. Girand, the father of our subject, passed away in November, 1909. Their sons and daughters who constituted the family circle were Francis W., of this review; W. D., clerk of the United States court at Abilene, Texas; J. B., who at the age of twenty years was elected district surveyor of the Oldham land district and afterward became territorial engineer of the territory of Arizona; Andrew and John, both of whom are merchants of Abilene, Texas; and Ada Lee, the wife of T. B. Griffith, a resident of Terrell, Texas.

In the public schools of his native city Francis W. Girand, of Spokane, began his education and also attended private schools of Austin. He afterward took up the study of law there with Judge R. F. Arnold as his preceptor and on the 11th of August, 1887, was admitted to the bar. He afterward removed to Gra- ham, Texas^ to which city the federal court had been removed^ and remained in active practice there for twelve years, but thinking to find still broader and better opportunities in the most northwesterly state of the Union he came to Washington on the 24th of August, 1899. He has since been practicing alone in Spokane, conducting a general law practice, and has paid more attention to land-title litigation than to any other department, attaining a proficiency in this field that has largely made him authority upon the questions involved therein.

On the 28Ui of December, 1896, Mr. Girand was married to Miss Lulu O'Donndl, of Texas, and they have two children, Francis Arthur and Florence Ada, both in school. Mr. Girand is an active advocate of democratic principles and has served as delegate to party conventions both in Texas and Washington, attending state conventions in Texas. He was selected one of the campaign speakers of the state committee of Texas and in Washington by the county committee. He possesses considerable oratorical ability and has a faculty of presenting his views in clear, concise and logical form, while the strength of his argument never fails to elicit attention and seldom fails to convince, whether upon the political hustings or in the discussion of legal matters before the courts.

John T. Cooper

Among the native sons of Ireland who have sought and won success in the northwest John T. Cooper was numbered. He possessed the versatility, the adaptability, and the undaunted energy characteristic of the people of his race and these qualities were used to excellent advantage in his business career. He was bom in September, 1839, in Cork, Ireland, and died on the 18th of June, 1889, his life record therefore scarcely encompassing a half century. His parents were John and Ellen Cooper, the former a navy officer of the British army. Their family numbered ten children, to whom were given good educational opportunities, John T. Cooper pursuing his studies in the schools of Ireland, supplemented by a course in Dublin College. He studied medicine in that institution, thinking to make its practtce his life work, after which he came to America. He followed the profession in various localities for some time and later became assistant surgeon in the United States army, being located at Fort Cameron, Utah. After serving about one year in that capacity he opened an office at Silver Reef, Utah, for the private practice of medicine, and later removed to Butte, Montana, where he remained for one year, displaying considerable ability in diagnosing his cases and caring for the important work which professional duties brought upon him.

About this time excitement waxed very great in the mining country at Murray, Idaho, and Dr. Cooper, with others, entered the field, prospecting and mining. He was associated with the late John M. Burke, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this volume, and was one of the original owners of the famous Bunker Hill and Sullivan mine, his associate in this being a man of the name of O. O. Peck. The sale of this mine was made in May, 1887, by John Wardner, the purchaser being Simon Reed, of Portland, and the purchasing price one million, ^ve hundred thousands dollars, of which Messrs. Cooper and Peck received seventy-six thousand dollars as their share. This was one of the richest mines of the west and its output made the fortunes of many millionaries. Following the disposal of his interest to Mr. Reed^ of Portland^ Dr. Cooper removed to Spokane and afterward lived retired, having given up his professional practice. The remainder of his days were si>ent in the enjoyment of well earned rest. He passed away two years later and his death occasioned the deep regret of all who knew him.

In 1878 Dr. Cooper was united in marriage in Salt Lake City to Miss Adalena Meeks, who survives him, together with a daughter, Caroline E. Two children of the marriage are now deceased - Francis H. and John Edward.

Dr. Cooper's life was guided by high and honorable principles to which he was always most faithful. The Episcopal church found in him a consistant member and in early life he was also a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. His political allegiance was given to the democratic party but he never cared for public office. He loved camp life and outdoor sports, was a great traveler and possessed a particular fondness for nature and for children. His home was ever celebrated for its warm-hearted hospitality and his associates ever found him a most congenial companion. He held friendship inviolable and was always loyal to every trust reposed in Bim, so that those who came in contact with him knew him worthy of all esteem.

Rev. Thomas J. Purcell

One of the most widely known and deeply venerated representatives of the priesthood of the Roman Catholic church in this section of Idaho is Father Thomas J. Purcell of Coeur d'Alene. Not only has he done most notable work for the church by bringing new souls into the faith, but he has established schools and churches, thus bringing the refining and restraining influences of life to the mining and lumber camps of this section.

His birth occurred in Aberdare, Glamorganshire, South Wales, December 7, 1860, his parents being Daniel and Johanna M. (Prendergast) Purcell. They were both natives of Ireland, but at the ages of about sixteen or eighteen they migrated to Wales, where they met and were subsequently married. Aberdare was the family home until 1869, when the father emigrated to the United States in quest of health. Here he was joined by his wife and children two years later, but in three months thereafter he passed away.

Although he was only a lad of eleven years when his father died, Thomas J. Purcell was compelled to lay aside his text-books and lend his assistance in maintaining the family. He entered the coal mines of Tioga county, Pennsylvania, where he was continuously employed for eleven years, but at the expiration of that period his health was so completely shattered that he was compelled to live in the open air. The physicians insisted upon a change of climate, so he started westward, arriving in Nebraska on Thanksgiving day, 1882. He obtained work on a farm until February, 1883, when he resumed his journey, reaching Denver, Colorado, on March 1, penniless. He was considered a victim of the dread white plague and it was impossible for him to obtain employment, even being refused an opportunity to work for his board. Yet these besetting trials and terrible hardships proved a blessing in disguise, compelling him to sleep wherever night overtook him, and the invigorating air of the mountains healed the diseased tissues of his lungs' and restored his vitality. Not finding any employment^ he set out for Ogden^ tramping the greater part of the way^ occasionally riding on freight trains between Denver and Granger, Utah when such opportunity offered. From that point on, however, he walked the entire distance. Upon reaching his destination he immediately sought work, and was shipped out of there as a laborer on the Oregon Short Line, which was then under course of construction. He worked for two months and then went to Virginia City, Montana, walking from there to Bozeman, where he arrived on July S, 1883. While located there he worked during the saouner months as a brickmaker for the old pioneers Tracy and Sam Ruffner, while in winter he was employed by Nelson Story. In September, 1884, he left Bozeman and went to Spokane, where he joined Father Joset, S. J., and Father Cataldo, S. J., whom he accompanied to the De Smet Mission in Kootenai county.

He had always been an ambitious youth and had never fully relinquished the dream of his childhood, which had been to enter the service of the church. However, he possessed other admirable traits of character, and when the needs of those dear to him necessitated his laying away his books, he expressed no regrets. Many times must he have found it difficult to restrain his rebellious spirit during those long years in the mines, where he daily and hourly overtaxed his strength and for weeks at a time never saw the sunshine. The joy, the happiness that is considered to be the inalienable right of every child was denied him, but he thus purchased it for many another child and so has received his reward. Unquestionably one of the great secrets of the wonderful success- of Father ; Purcell can be attributed to his understanding and appreciation of conditions surrounding the unfortunate and his ready and heartfelt sympathy for those in trouble. During the first four years of his residence at the mission he taught the Coeur d'Alene Indians, while pursuing his classical studies under the instruction of the Tethers, who gave him private lessons. It was discouraging at first, as for many years his entire time and attention had been devoted to physical labor, but he possessed a fine mind and excellent powers of concentration and soon was making rapid progress. In 1888 he was sent to Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, to continue his studies, but he could not endure the climate, and owing to the state of his health in March, 1889, was compelled to return to Spokane. He took a position in Gonzaga College, that city, where he taught until June, 1890. In August of that year he went to Montreal and taught for a year in St. Lawrence College, during which period with the aid of a private tutor he was able to complete his classical course. He was then qualified to begin his ecclesiastical studies, and in September, 1891, entered the Grand Seminary at Montreal.

On the 20th of December, 1896, he was ordained a priest and on May 1, 1897, was assigned by the bishop of this diocese to the parish of Coeur d'Alene. At that time the parish covered practically five thousand, six hundred square miles, comprising the counties of Kootenai and Bonner - with the exception of the Coeur d'Alene reservation - and for a period of nine years a portion of Spokane. He completed the church at Bonner's Ferry, which had been started by Bishop Gloricux of Boise, and he erected another one at Rathdrum, the latter being, the first brick church edifice in the Idaho diocese. It was in process of construction for some time and was dedicated in 1892. Father Purcell possesses abundance of energy, and is a most enterprising and enthusiastic worker, no task connected with his work being too stupendous for him to undertake its commission and successfully carry it through to completion. He next built a church at Priest River, while ground was acquired and buildings were under construction, to provide the people of Harrison and Post Falls with places of worship. The work of the parish developed so rapidly under his capable direction that in 1893 it was necessary to divide it with Rev. James F. Kelly, who has ever since been priest in Bonner county. In 1893 he brought to Coeur d'Alene Sisters of the order of the Immaculate Heart of Mary from Scranton, Pennsylvania, and in September, of that year, they established a school. Their temporary building was only forty-six by fifty-six feet, and they had an enrollment of sixty-three pupils. The attendance increased so rapidly that their quarters were soon entirely inadequate to meet the demands. Recognising and appreciating their needs, Major J. J. O'Brien, one of Coeur d'Alene's philanthropic, retired residents presented them with a block of ground, and when the military reserve was sold at public auction Father Purcell bid in the hospital and administration buildings, and had them removed to the grounds Major O'Brien had donated on the comer of Coeur d'Alene avenue and Ninth street. They were subsequently converted into a convent and school, which now has an attendance of three hundred pupils.

Owing to the rapid increase in the Catholic population of Coeur d'Alene, in 1897, Father Purcell was obliged to relinquish the missions of Kootenai county, and devote his entire attention to the work of the city. When he first capie to this parish in 1897 it contained but seventy-five Catholic families, and now Coeur d'Alene alone has three hundred and fifty Catholic families or about twelve hundred followers of the faith. He has been tireless in his efforts to extend the work and increase the number of communicants. When he arrived here, realizing that the Catholics of the future were the children of the present, he gave no thought to procuring a residence for himself or suitable quarters in which to hold services, but immediately began searching for a building adapted to the needs of a school. Subsequently quarters were procured that served temporarily for religious purposes, and in June, 1909, ground was obtained and excavations started for their present beautiful church. On the 22d of August, 1909, Bishop Glorieux laid the comer stone and, in the following October, work on the superstructure was commenced. This was completed on May 1, 1910, and was permitted to stand until November, of that year, when contracts were let for the interior decorations. Their new building was occupied on the 5th of March, 1911, but was not entirely completed until the 1st of November and was dedicated on Decoration Day, 1912. It is one of the most beautiful churches in the northwest, and was completed at a cost of forty-six thousand dollars. The interior decorations are especially fine and all of the appointments are of a superior quality, and it seats one thousand people.

Not often is it given to any one to see such wonderful results from work in fourteen years as Father Purcell is witnessing from his labors. He is now able to realize that those long, hard years of his early manhood were not fruitless by any means. . Although he began his life work at an age when the majority of men are quite well established, he has accomplished more during the single decade of his service than many consummate in a life time. He is now at the zenith of his powers and the future contains for him great promise and much assurance of yet greater opportunities. During the period of his connection with this field he has made many friends among both Catholics and Protestants, who despite the differ- ence in their faith revere and hold in the highest esteem the man, his belief and the purpose to which he has dedicated his life - the service of humanity. Father Purcell attributes much of his success to the Jesuit Fathers of Gonzaga College, whose advice he has sought and followed in all important matters. He is always ready to respond to a call, ^whatever its source, carrying cheer and comfort to rich and poor alike as did He, in whose footsteps he is following.

Hon. George W. Shaefer

Hon. George W. Shaefer, state senator from Spokane and a leading attorney of the city, has during the period of his residence here labored effectively and earnestly for municipal progress and improvement, upholding as well the political and legal status of the state. Many tangible evidences of his devotion to the general good can be cited and the worth of his work will be evidenced in the development of this sketch of his life. He was born in Allegheny City, Pennsylvania, September 10, 1862, his parents being Conrad and Pauline (Clements) Shaefer. The father was a whitesmith and also engaged in farming.

Having attended the public schools of his native city, George W. Shaefer continued his education in St. Mary's Academy and afterward received commercial training in Bryant & Stratton Business College of Charleston, West Virginia, from which he was graduated. When he was nineteen years of age his parents removed with the family to Charleston, West Virginia, where his father engaged in the lumber business, with George W. Shaefer, as his associate and assistant. While thus engaged he also took up the study of law and in 1895 he removed to Des Moines, Iowa, where he completed his law course and was admitted to the bar in 1897. He then located for practice in that city, where he remained until the fall of 1908, when he came to Spokane, where he has since continued to follow his profession. In no other calling does advancement depend more largely upon individual merit and ability and, recognizing this fact, Mr. Shaefer has been a close student of the science of law and is seldom, if ever, at fault in the citation of principle or precedent. His practice has connected him with much of the important work of the courts and his ability is evidenced in the many verdicts which he has won favorable to his clients' interests. In addition to his law practice Mr. Shaefer is the secretary and treasurer of the Western Construction Company and thus interested in the management of an important industrial undertaking.

In the public life of the city Mr. Shaefer has also long figured prominently and is a recognized leader in the ranks of the republican party, which in the spring of 1909 elected him a member of the city council. He was a member of the civic water commission that installed the system of wells whereby the city of Spokane is supplied with spring water instead of drawing its supply from the river. He also took a very active part in the worjc of the commission that was appointed to select and secure water-power rights for the city of Spokane, having in view the city ownership in the furnishing of power and light to the population. This commbsion has recommended a site at Pend d'Oreille and Priest river and it is hoped that within the next few years the city will by municipal ownership be able to supply power and light at very reasonable rates. Mr. Shaefer also became actively concerned in the contest for grade separation at the time the Milwaukee^ St. Paul & Puget Sound Railway and the North Coast Railroad were granted permission to enter the city. Aside from his effective labors in behalf of municipal projects Mr. Shaefer is now actively concerned in efforts to promote the best interests and welfare of the commonwealth as a member of the state senate^ to which he was elected on the republican ticket in the fall of 1910. He at once was accorded a position of leadership in the upper house, being now an active member of the judiciary committee and chairman of the committee on memorials and enrolled bills.

On the 18th of December, 1895, at Des Moines, Iowa, Mr. Shaefer was married to Mabel Braderick Meservey, a daughter of John and Lois (Dungan) Braderick, of that city. Two children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Shaefer, George A. and Stella, the latter the wife of Edward J. Beard, of Spokane. During the period of his residence here Mr. Shaefer and his wife have been members of the First Congregational church of Spokane and he also belongs to the Chamber of Commerce, the Inland Club, the Knights of Pythias and the Spokane Tumverein. They reside at No. 225 Seventeenth avenue and are well known socially.

Regarded as a citizen and in his social relations Mr. Shaefer belongs to that public-spirited, useful and helpful type of men whose ambitions and desires are centered and directed in those channels through which flow the greatest and most permanent good to the greatest number. In his public service in connection with both municipal and state affairs he brings to bear the sound judgment of the business man who believes in practical business methods in the conduct of both city and state business. While well grounded in the political maxims of both schools, he has also studied the lessons of actual life, arriving at his conclusions as a result of what may be called his post-graduate studies in the school of affairs.

Joseph H. Boyd

With the development of industrial activity in the northwest Spokane has come in for a full share of those business interests which are ever a factor in general growth and prosperity because of the large number of men employed and the large amount of capital thus kept in circulation. Every successful business undertaking therefore becomes a factor in the city's advancement, and the place which is occupied by the National Iron Works in Spokane is a prominent one. Of this important industrial concern Joseph H. Boyd is the president and general manager. His has been an eventful and interesting career, for his experiences have been most varied. He was born in Devonshire, England, January 6, 1842, his parents being John and Martha Boyd. He was left an orphan when a little lad of six and at the age of nine years went to sea as an apprentice. In the ensuing seven years he touched at almost every port of importance on the face of the globe and gained comprehensive knowledge of the world and its peoples and from the experiences of life learned many valuable and oft times difficult lessons. When in the harbor at San Francisco, at the age of sixteen, he determined to leave the sea and for a short time remained in that city but soon afterward made his way to British Columbia, attracted by the gold discoveries on the

Spokane And The Inland Empire 121

Frazier riyer. This was in 1858. Later he was to be found in lumber camps of the Puget Sound country for a few years^ and arduous and unremitting toil tao^t him much concerning life's values and those things which are most worth while. In June, 1861, he went of Orofino, Idaho, the first mining camp in that state, there making his headquarters during the succeeding decade, in which he was engaged in mining. His efforts were gradually rewarded with a measure of success and with the capital acquired in that manner he went to Portland, Oregon, where he engaged in a real-estate and investment business and also became financially interested in the Vulcan Iron Works.

For twelve years Mr. Boyd was a resident of Portland and in 1883 came to Spokane, where he entered commercial circles as a hardware merchant under the name of the J. H. Boyd Hardware Company. He had built up a substantial and gratifying trade, when, in 1889, his entire stock was destroyed in the great fire which swept over Spokane, leaving him with a loss of forty thousand dollars above his insurance. His ability as a business man and his well known trustworthiness enabled him to obtain credit with manufacturers and he again started in business, admitting John W. Goss to a partnership. In 1890 they consolidated with HoUy-Mason-Marks & Company, Mr. Boyd becoming a director of the new firm, with which he continued until 1897, when he disposed of his interests. Ten years before he had brought his iron work machinery from Portland and incorporated the present company, of which he has continuously served as the president, while in 1890 he also accepted the position of general manager and has since concentrated his energies upon the control of this enterprise and the expansion of its trade relations. The company's output includes gasoline and steam engines, ^boilers, elevators, architectural iron, quartz mills and crushers, concentrators, ore cars, buckets, and general mill and mining machinery, wrought iron, iron and brass castings, etc. Their plant was originally located on the island in the river, where business was conducted for twenty years, but in 1907 a removal was made to their present site at the corner of Division and Catalbo streets, after they had erected there one of the most complete plants of this kind in the northwest. Of Mr. Boyd it has been said: "He is possessed of unusual executive ability and owes his wealth and prestige as a manufacturer solely to his own energy and good judgment and to his splendid faculty for managing large enterprises." In addition to his manufacturing activities in Spokane he has large mining interests in Coeur d'Alene.

Mr. Boyd has never sought progress in other fields outside of business and yet his fitness for office and leadership in different relations have been recognized by his fellow townsmen, who practically forced him into the office of councilman. He served as city alderman for two years and during the latter year was president of the coimcil. While he does not desire political preferment his position regarding political questions has never been an equivocal one, for he has ever been a stalwart, advocate of republican principles. He belongs to Spokane Lodge, No. 84, F. & A. M. and to All Saints Episcopal church, in which he has been a vestryman.

Mr. Boyd certainly deserves much credit for what he has accomplished. He started out in life handicapped by a lack of advantages that many boys enjoy. Yet as the years passed on he learned many valuable lessons in the school of experience and there awakened in him the ambition to make the most of his time and opportunities and gradually he has advanced, overcoming obstacles which have utterly discouraged many men, and today he is recognized as one who possesses excellent ability as an organizer and has the power of coordinating seemingly diversified elements into a unified and harmonious whole. His personal popularity is due in large measure to his unfeigned cordiality, while his courtesy is unfailing and his integrity is above question.

Willis A. Ritchie

It is perhaps a trite saying that there is always room at the top and yet if this truth were really apprehended by the individual, statistics perhaps would not give as they do today the fact that the percentage of failures amounts to about ninety of those who attempt to conduct an independent business venture. Understanding that the path of opportunity is open to all and that advancement depends upon the individual, his industry, his close application and his unfaltering determination, Willis A. Ritchie has throughout his business life placed his dependence upon those qualities and has, therefore, reached a position of more than local prominence as an architect of the northwest. He has been a resident of Spokane since January, 1892, and during this period constant demand has been made for his services in the field which he chose as his life work and in which he has progressed far beyond the point of mediocrity.

He was born in Van Wert county, Ohio, July 14, 1864. His parents, John E. and Margaret J. (McCoy) Ritchie, were at that time living upon a farm, although his father had previously become a member of the legal profession. During the very early boyhood of his son Willis he removed to Lima, Ohio, where for twenty-five years he continued in the practice of law and then went upon the bench, serving as judge of the common pleas court at Lima for ten years. Professional ability and his personal worth gained him high rating as a representative of the legal profession in his county. There he died in 1908, having for about thirteen years survived his wife, who passed away in 1895.

After acquiring his more strictly literary education in the public and high schools of Lima, Willis A. Ritchie turned his attention to the study of architecture, pursuing a course outlined- by the superintendent of architecture of the United States treasury department. He added to theoretical knowledge broad practical experience but never attended any technical schools. In 1885 he removed to Kansas and while practicing his profession at* different points in that state maintained his headquarters at Winfield. He was at that time but twenty-one years of age but already his ability in the line of his profession was supplemented by keen discrimination and sound judgment that won him a creditable place in business circles. He had branch offices at Arkansas City and Wellington and super- vised the erection of the new Federal building at Wichita^ Kansas^ costing two hundred and fifty thousand dollars. His identification with the northwest dates from 1889^ at which time he became a resident of Seattle^ there remaining for three years. During that period he devoted all his attention to public buildings and among some of the most prominent that he designed and supervised are the King County Courthouse of Seattle ; the Whatcomb County Courthouse, at Bellingham; the Jefferson County Courthouse, at Port Townsend; the Clarke County Courthouse, at Vancouver, Washington; the Thurston County Courthouse, at Olympia; and the original building of the Soldiers* Home, at Orting, Washington. Coming to Spokane in January, 1892, he at once opened an office and the work which he had previously done in the state commended him to the patronage of the public here. Soon the contracts awarded him were making a heavy demand upon his time and energies. The evidences of his skill and ability are found in the Spokane County Courthouse, the City Hall, and many of the beautiful homes of Spokane. He was also the builder of the Girls* Dormitory and Science Hall at the Idaho State University and he planned and supervised the building of the present state capitol, at Olympia. He is a constant student of that which bears upon his profession, early becoming familiar with all the recognized styles of good architecture, and has developed many original and attractive plans in the erection of the public and private buildings that he has erected in the northwest.

Mr. Ritchie has been married twice. On the 14th of July, 1887, at Winfield, Kansas, he wedded Etta Reid, a daughter of A. Lawson and Alice A. Reid, of that dty. Mrs. Ritchie died in Spdiiane in 1901, leaving a son, John Reid Ritchie, who was bom in 1894 and is now attending school here. An elder child, Margaret, who was bom in 1888, had died in infancy. In September, 1902, Mr. Ritchie was again married, his second union being with Merriam P. Williamson, a daughter of Frank F. and Etta Williamson, of Olympia. - Her father was one of the pioneers of this state. He engaged in the lumber business and was the first to log with steam power on the Pacific coast. The Ritchie family residence is at No. 119 Seventh avenue.

Mr. Ritchie was formerly an active worker in the ranks of the republican party but does not take a prominent part at the present time. The demands of his business have been constantly greater and his advancement, which was assured by reason of his close application, laudable ambition and thorough understanding of the scientific principles underlying his work, has placed him in a prominent position among the architects of Spokane.

Oscar Cain

Oscar Cain, filling the position of United States attorney for the Spokane district, was bom on the 25th of Masy, 1868, in Ringgold county, Iowa, a son of Robert and Sarah (Brown) Cain, who in 1867 removed from Ohio to Iowa. The father had previously served as a soldier in the Union army during the Civil war, enlisting in the Sixty-fifth Ohio Infantry. After ten years' residence in the Hawkeye state Robert Cain took his family to lola, Kansas, where they resided until 1892.

Oscar Cain began his education in the public schools of Iowa and continued his studies in Kansas^ in a broad general knowledge laying the foundation for his professional learning. He took up the study of law in an attorney's office of lola and was admitted to the bar on the 2d of Aprils 1892^ passing the required examination before the supreme court at Topeka^ Kansas. Immediately afterward he came to the northwest and for one year was engaged in teaching school in the Willamette valley in Oregon. In February, 1893, he removed to Walla Walla where he entered upon the practice of law and in his chosen calling made rapid advance. During the period of his residence there he served for three terms as city attorney and was also for two terms prosecuting attorney of Walla Walla county. This brought him wide and valuable experience and the ability which he displayed in handling important litigation that came to him in his official as well as in private connection led to his appointment on the 17th of August, 1910, as United States attorney for the eastern district of Washington, which position he is now filling, with residence in Spokane.

On the 27th of June, 1901, Mr. Cain was married to Miss Abbie Waterman, of Walla Walla, a daughter of Samuel and Jane Waterman, of that city, who were pioneer settlers there, coming in 1861. Mr. and Mrs. Cain now have a daughter Lois, eight years of age, and they reside at No. 1204 South Cook street, where he purchased a pleasant residence. In politics he has always been a republican, interested in the welfare of the party and thoroughly informed concerning the vital issues and questions of the day. His social relations are with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Woodmen of the World and the Spokane Club. His own intellectual attainments make him a congenial companion in those circles where well read men discuss the questions of the day and his close application and broad study in his profession have gained him high standing as a representative of the Washington bar.

Harry Ochs

One of the foremost citizens of Harrington is Harry Ochs, who has resided in Lincoln county for twenty-seven years, during which time he has made extensive and lucrative speculations in lands in this section. In addition to his valuable realty holdings he was one of the founders of the First National Bank of Harrington, of which he has ever since been president.

Mr. Ochs was formerly a subject of Germany, having been bom in Prussia, on December 19, 1854, his parents being Sebastian and Martha Ochs. He was reared and educated in the city of Frankfort, following which he entered the German army, in which he served for three years. He was discharged in 1879 and very soon thereafter decided to come to America, believing that he would here find better opportunities for advancement than were available in his own country, and in 1880 he took passage for the United States with California as his destination. During the first four years of his residence in this country he followed various pursuits in the latter state, but at the expiration of that time, in 1884, he came to Lincoln county and here he has ever since been located. When he first came here he filed on a homestead, two and a half miles south of the present site of Mohler, but as he had but limited means it was necessary for him to work for other ranchmen in the vicinity in order to acquire the money to improve his land and place it under cultivation. In common with a large number of the pioneers he endured many hardships and privations, and encountered innumerable difficulties and obstacles before he became established. He was very ambitious, however, and possessed too much energy and determination of purpose to accept defeat and eventoally won by reason of his persistent perseverance. By working for others until he had enough money to enable him to live, while he was placing his own ranch under cultivation^ he made a start, and for some years thereafter he continued to hire out to other settlers in that locality, in order to obtain the means to further improve his own property. He often times became very much discouraged, for the early years were very hard, but he prospered with the passing of time and was able to extend his holdings imtil he now owns between five and six thousand acres of fine wheat land that he is renting. He early recognized the wonderful possibilities this country afforded, and made judicious investments in land that he has since sold at a large advance over the original cost. No expense has been spared in the equipment and improvement of his home ranch, where he has erected a fine residence that is provided with every modem convenience and comfort. Mr. Odis has always been a public-spirited man and has been financially interested in the devolopment of various local enterprises. In 1908, together with others he organized the First National Bank of Harrington, now one of the substantial and thriving financial institutions of the county, in which he is the largest stockholder. Before this bank was organized he served for years in the capacity of president of the State Bank of Harrington. ... .* . ^^

Mr. Ochs was married in April, 190^j^;ta l^t^.'^-fiidma (McCallup) Owen, who is a native of Illinois. Three children have been born of this marriage, Martha E., Harry L., and Clyde, while Mrs. Ochs has twp^ daughters by a former marriage, Edith and Grace Owen. The family re,3\de ^ii' iid.ttiikgton.

The religious faith of Mr. Ochsf is manifested through his membership in the German Lutheran church, while his political support is given to the republican party. He is held in high esteem throughout the county, where he is widely known, baring always manifested the highest principles and unquestionable integrity in all of his transactions. The success of Mr. Ochs but serves to substantiate the frequent assertion that there are unlimited opportunities for enterprising and industrious young men in this country if they will only persevere in their efforts to seek them. His achievements have been won through his individual endeavors, as he came to America practically empty-handed and has never been given any assistance save such as is accorded every man of recognized worth and integrity.

Frank B. Gregg

The term progress might be regarded as the keystone of the character of Frank B. Gregg. It has been manifest in all that he has undertaken and particularly in his business associations. Keen judgment, too, has enabled him to quickly discriminate between the essential and the nonessential and in utilizing the former he has worked his way -steadily upward in the printing business, which he chose as the field of hia activity^ having now one of the most extensive, best equipped and most liberally patronized job printing establishments of the northwest. He was bom in Elmira, New York, July 31, 1850, a son of George and Hannah M. (Barr) Gregg, both of whom were natives of the Empire state. The Gregg family is of Scotch-Irish lineage and was represented in both the Revolutionary and Civil wars. George Gregg died in 1870 and was long survived by his wife, who passed away October 1, 1910. She was born in Norwich, New York, and also came of a family that was actively connected with the Revolutionary and Civil war contests. The Barrs, however, came originally from England. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. George Gregg was celebrated in January, 1849, and in May, 1871, some time after the death of her first husband, Mrs. Gregg became the wife of Edward Rutledge, who passed away July 26, 1911. The two uncles of our subject are Samuel W. and Henry M. Barr, both Civil war veterans and now living retired in Beloit, Wisconsin.

Frank B.- Gregg was but a young lad when his parents removed to the middle west and in the public schools of the Badger state he pursued his education. His connection with the printing trade began January 19, 1865, when he accepted the position of "devil" and newsboy at Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin. Gradually he worked his way upward, his ability and faithfulness winning recognition, and for twelve years he was manager of the Chippewa Herald, which was organized and owned by the late General George C. Ginty, one of the most prominent men of the state and one of the best known editors of the middle west. In 1888 Mr. Gregg removed to Superior, Wisconsin, where for fourteen years he published the Superior Wave. In 1894 a printers* strike occurred in that town in connection with the Telegram and Leader, mom\ng and evening papers, resulting in March of that year in the publication by the printers of the town of a paper called the Daily News. This was published and printed by Mr. Gregg from March until August of that year and in the latter month the other two papers again took on a force of union printers. Mr. Gregg has been a member of the Typographical Union for thirty-eight years, joining it in Minneapolis while working on the Tribune in 1873. He has always been one of the active men of the organization and is an earnest lover of its principles. He was also one of the officers of the State Press Association and always one of its active members during the period of his residence in Wisconsin. He left that state in June, 1902, to establish his home in Spokane, where he purchased the Quick Print from Winship & Ogden and has since conducted it. He carries on a general job printing business in all lines of printing and has won continuous success. The business was established by a man of the name of Wilcox about seventeen years ago and the publication was called the Quick Print. This is one of the best equipped offices west of Chicago and every kind of job printing is done, including bank work and bonding. The output is ever neat, many times artistic and at all times suitable for the occasion demanded. Mr. Gregg has kept abreast with the improvement that has been continually made in the printing business and the work of his office is the exemplification of that which is highest and best in the "art preservative" of arts. He is also a director of the National Bank of Conamerce and he occupies an enviable and prominent position in business and financial circles, owing not alone to the success he has achieved but also to the straightforward business policy to which he has ever closely adhered.

Spokane And The Inland Empire 129

On the 17th of December, 1879, in Manchester, Iowa, Mr. Gregg was united in marriage to Miss Eva L. Day, a daughter of Colonel George A. Day, who is a second cousin of Judge Day of the superior bench. The Day family was represented in the Revolutionary and Civil wars and was of English origin. The Rev. Alvah Day, grandfather of Mrs. Gregg, was a Presbyterian minister, and she holds membership in the Presbyterian church. They have three children: Elizabedi, Paul and Percy. The two last named are attending school.

Mrs. Gre^ is a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution and Mr. Gre^ belongs to Spokane Lodge, No. 34, F. & A. M., also to the consistory, the commandery and El Katif Temple of the Mystic Shrine, in which he has held office. He has also occupied several chairs in the blue lodge and was an officer in both the chapter and commandery in Wisconsin. He assisted in organizing the chapter in West Superior and was its first scribe. He cooperates willingly and helpfully in the work of the Chamber of Commerce of Spokane and is also a member of the Spokane Athletic Club. He likewise belongs to the Young Men's Christian Association and his interests are broad and varied and at all times are of a nature which contribute to the advancement and uplift of the community and the mdividual. He has been a close student of many of the economic, sociological and political problems and in these, as in his chosen life work, keeps abreast with the best thinking men of the age.

Charles E. Swan

Charles E. Swan, who in the earlier part of his professional career specialized in the field of railroad law, has given his attention to general law practice since coming to Sp>okane. He is now a member of the firm of Cannon, Ferris & Swan, a firm that ranks with the foremost practicing at the Spokane bar. He was born in Brooklyn, New York, October 22, 1867, and was one of a family of six children whose parents were David E. and Mary (Buttle) Swan. The father, who was bom in the state of New York, represented an old New Engleind family of English descent. Throughout his business life he was an accountant and died in 1892. His widow, a native of Ireland, is now living in St. Paul, Minnesota. The brothers of our subject are: William F. Swan, who is engaged in the insurance business in Philadelphia; and David Arthur Swan, a lumber merchant of Tacoma. The three sisters are: Mary A., the wife of Leonard Brisley, of Minneapolis; Mabel D., the widow of Charles P. Eastman, residing at Merriam Park, Minnesota; and Edith S., who is now with her mother in St. Paul but was formerly a teacher of domestic science in the normal school at Madison, South Dakota.

Reared on the Atlantic seacoast, Charles E. Swan pursued his education in the common schools of Montclair, New Jersey, and subsequently mastered a three years* course in the college of law of the University of Minnesota, attending night classes. He was graduated in 1896 and in June of that year was admitted to practice in the courts of Minnesota and in 1909 was admitted to practice in the courts of Washington. Long before he entered upon the study of law, however, he had made his initial step in the business world, having in 1882 entered the auditor's office of the Northern Pacific Railroad Company at St. Paul. There he continued for a year, after which he spent four years in the employ of Auerbach, Finch & Van Slyck, wholesale dry-goods merchants. He next entered the service of the Chicago, Burlington & Northern Railroad, now a part of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad system, being employed in the auditor's office and also in connection with the freight department. He afterward entered the office of the general claim agent of the Northern Pacific Railroad at St. Paul, where he was employed successively as clerk, stenographer and chief clerk until 1897, when he became traveling claim agent of the road, with headquarters at St. Paul, his territory extending as far west as Butte, Montana. In October, 1898, he resigned and took a position with the legal department of the Minneapolis & St. Louis Railroad Company at Minneapolis. He was also claim agent of that company and was with them for four years, after which he resigned and reentered the service of the Northern Pacific Railroad Company as district claim agent at Helena, Montana. This was in January, 1903, and he there remained until the 1st of June, when he was transferred to Spokane by the same company as district claim agent, in which position he remained for four years, or until the 1st of July, 1907, when he became claim agent of the Inland Empire system of Spdcane. That remained his business connection until the 1st of April, 1909, when he became associated with the law firm of Cannon & Lee and on the 1st of September, 1910, the law firm of Cannon, Ferris, Swan & Lally was organized, Mr. Lally later dropping out of the firm. Their position at the bar is a most creditable one and the varied abilitv of the different members enables the firm to successfully handle work in all depiartments of the law.

Mr. Swan was united in marriage, at Merriam Park, Minnesota, to Miss Florence M. Brainard, a daughter of Frank L. Brainard, one of the early settlers of St. Paul, Minnesota. ' She is descended from a family founded in America prior to the Revolutionary war - a family of English descent - and by reason of the part which some of her ancestors took in the struggle for independence she now holds membership with the Daughters of the American Revolution. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Swan have been bom three children, Ruth, Helen and Florence, aged respectively ten, four and two years. Mr. Swan belongs to the Inland Club, the Independent Order of Foresters, the Spokane Transportation Club and the Chamber of Commerce - associations which indicate much of the nature of his interests. His life has been one of well directed activity and personal ability has brought him to the creditable position which he occupies today in connection with the professional interests of his adopted city.

Alfred M. Craven

Alfred M. Craven is best known to the public, perhaps, in professional and political relations, having been a dominant and beneficial force in both lines. In other connections, too, however, he is widely known, being cordially received in the best social circles in Spokane where intelligent men are gathered in the discussion of leading and vital questions. He was born in Mankato, Minnesota, October 11, 1865. His father, John G. Craven, a native of Indiana, was descended from an English family that was founded on American soil in 1670. Mary Craven, a cousin of one of his ancestors became the wife of Edmund Andross, the first English governor of New York. On the other side of the Atlantic the ancestry can he traced hack to 1456^ the ancestral home being in Yorkshire^ England. The great-grandfather of Alfred M. Craven was Thomas Craven, who with his brother John was enrolled as a member of the associated company of Warwick township, Bucks comity, Pennsylvania, for service in the Revolutionary war, August 21, 1775. The former was with General Washington at Trenton and at Brandywine, while his brother John was made a prisoner of war and incarcerated at Philadelphia for more than three months. The grandfather of Alfred M. Craven served as a captain in the Indian war that broke out during the progress of the War of 1812. Both the father and grandfather were prominent abolitionists and became in 1845 the founders of the Eleutherian College at College Hill, Indiana, a chartered institution known as an abolitionist college. It had for its motto: "Free to all without regard to sex or color.'* John G. Craven not only was a teacher and proprietor of one of the old-time private academies of Indiana bat was also connected in a similar way with educational work in Iowa. He was a candidate for presidential elector on the free soil ticket of 1852 whicli was headed by the name of Martin Van Buren. He died in 1898 and was survived for two years by his wife, Mrs. Martha (Wilson) Craven, who passed away in 1895. She was bom in Ohio and belonged to an old Scotch Pres'byterian family. Her grandfather. Captain Hutton, entered the Revolutionary war from South Carolina and was captain of a company from that state under General Marion in his campaign again Tarleton. Mrs. Craven was also granddaughter of Major John Gaston, who served in a Pennsylvania regiment during the war for independence. It was in his honor that Gastonville in Washington county, Pennsylvania, was named. His father was murdered by the Indians in the French and Indian war, while John Wilson, another ancestor of Mrs. Craven, was in the siege of Londonderry, Ireland, in 1689. The first of the family to come to America was his son, John Wilson, who settled in Pennsylvania^ In the family of Mr. and Mrs. John G. Craven were ^ve sons: Alfred M.; Edwin W. and Herman W., who are members of the Seattle (Washington) bar; Arthur J., an attorney of Bellingham, Washington; and Roger C, who for twenty years has been on the editorial staff of the Omaha World Herald.

Alfred M. Craven was educated in his father's academy at Irving, Iowa, and in the State University at Iowa City, from which he was graduated in 1888 with the degree of B. A. In preparation for the practice of law he pursued a partial course in the same university and also continued his reading in the office of Henry H. Craig, of Kansas City, where he was admitted to the bar on the 11th of January, 1889. About the middle of April of that year ^Mr. Crav^a* came to Washington and after a week spent in Spokane went to Whitman county, practicing his profession for six months at Palouse City. In the spring of 1890 he removed to Colfax where he practiced for eight years, and then came to Spokane. For a year he was in partnership with Judge Norman Buck, now deceased, and for two years practiced in partnership with Judge H. W. Canfield, while in Colfax. He now engages in general practice yet did much corporation work in Spokane prior to accepting office. In politics he has always been a stalwart republican and while in Colfax served as a delegate to conventions but was never active as a political worker. In April, 1911, under the new commission form of government, he was appointed corporation counsel. Two years prior to that time Mr.

In Portland, Oregon, on the 29th of September, 1909, occurred the marriage of Mr. Craven and Miss Melina Saux, a daughter of Raymond Saux, who was a pioneer of Idaho and in 1870 built the Raymond House at Lewiston, Idaho. Mrs. Craven was bom at Warren, Idaho, when that place was a flourishing placer mining camp. Mr. Craven lives in a very attractive home at E 1903 Twelfth avenue. He belongs to Oriental Lodge, No. 74, F. &. A. M., and is also a Royal Arch Mason. He belongs likewise to Spokane Camp, No. 99, W. O. W., is a member of the Sons of the Revolution, a member of the Inland Club and a charter member of the University Club and for a number of years has been an active member of the Spokane Athletic Club, in the work of which he still takes considerable interest. His activities have never been self-centered; he has ever realized that life means more than mere individual interests, and has cooperated in many movements which tend to solve vexing problems of the age and place before men higher ideals of the individual purpose and of citizenship.

Dr. Thomas L. Catterson, who has won distinction in hospital as well as private practice, has for several years specialized in surgical work and the marked ability which he has displayed in this field establishes him through the consensus of public opinion in a foremost position as a representative of the medical profession of Washington. He has been a resident of Spokane since 1887 but three years before had established his home in, Spokane county. His birth occurred in Geneva, New York, February 6, 1857, his parents being William and Mary (Long) Catterson, both of whom were natives of Scotland and on coming to the United States settled at Geneva, New York. There the father engaged in farming for a considerable period, but both he and his wife have now passed away.

After leaving the public schools of his native city Dr. Catterson continued his education in Hobart College there, and with a good classical education to serine as the foundation of professional knowledge he took up the study of medicine in the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor and afterward continued his course in the Detroit College of Medicine, from which he was graduated in 1887. He then turned his face westward, believing that better opportunities for advancement could be secured in this great and growing Pacific coast country. Already he had visited the Spokane country in 1884 and had located at Cheney, where his brotherin-law, B. C. Van Houten, was filling the position of county auditor. After eighteen months' residence in Cheney he had returned to Detroit to complete his medical education and following his graduation he opened an office in Spokane in 1887. For a number of years he continued in general practice but the ability which he displayed in surgical work and his deep interest in that branch of practice led him to more and more largely concentrate his energies upon that department of the work, and for several years past he has specialized in surgery, being regarded as one of the foremost representatives of this branch of the profession not only in Spokane but in all eastern Washington. For twenty years he has served as a member of the staff of the Sacred Heart Hospital and from 1888 until 1890 inelusive he was county physician of Spokane county. He has also served as president of the board of health and is in hearty sympathy with the attitude of the profession in regard to the dissemination of a general knowledge of the laws of health, believing it far better to prevent disease than to check it. He was one of the organizers of the Spokane County Medical Association and at all times has done everything in his power to advance the efficiency of the medical fraternity, discharging his own professional duties with a sense of conscientious obligation.

In October, 1876, Dr. Catterson was married to Miss Addie Van Houten, a daughter of Abraham and Mary (Collins) Van Houten. Mrs. Catterson passed away in Spokane in March, 1897, leaving a daughter, Evelyn, and in November, 1898, Dr. Catterson was again married, the second union being with Annie E. Goodner, of this city. They reside in a beautiful residence at No. 2025 Fourth avenue, which he erected in 1903 and which is situated almost opposite Coeur d'Alene Park. In 1903 he erected the Geneva apartments at the corner of Fourth avenue and Maple street, so naming them in honor of his old home town, and in addition he owns considerable other real estate in the city, having judiciously made investment in Spokane property which has been continually rising in value for a number of years.

His political allegiance is given to the republican party but, while he has neve* aspired to hold office, he has been interested in the vital principles of government and in the significant questions of the day, keeping, therefore, well informed on the issues that divide the two parties. In Masonry he has attained high rank, as is indicated in his membership in El Katif Temple of the Mystic Shrine. Of Oriental Lodge, No. 74, F. & A. M., he has served as a past master. At all times he has exemplified in his life the beneficent and the benevolent spirit of the craft. His practice gives him ample opportunity to embody in his work the principles of the fraternity and many there are who could bear testimony to his brotherly kindness in an hour of need. Nature gifted him with strong mentality and he has used his powers in a serviceable life wherein the public has been a direct beneficiary.

Richard M. Barnhart

tending . the high school at Esterville, Iowa. In the meantime he was employed in a local bank and thus obtained his first business experience. Later he went to Valparaiso^ Indiana^ where he spent one term in college and he also spent one term in school at Ada, Ohio. He afterward completed his education in the University of Michigan, where he pursued the study of law and was graduated with the class of 1889. He was considered a very brilliant student and finished a three years' course in the Michigan university in two years.

In the fall of 1899 Mr. Barnhart decided to come to the west, thinking that he would have better business opportunities in this growing section of the country. He chose Spokane as the scene of his future labors and following his arrival in this city entered the office of Judge Moore, prosecuting attorney of Spokane, under whom he acted as deputy for ^ve years. He was ambitious, energetic and determined and during that period he gained broad practical experience in the work of the courts and promoted his own ability so that in 1904 he was elected prosecuting attorney. The faithfulness and efficiency which he displayed during his first term led to his reelection, so that he filled the office for two terms, making an excellent record in that position. He then entered upon the private practice of law in January, 1909, in partnership with George A. Lee, and continued with great success until his untimely death which occurred March 1, 1910, in a railroad accident in which nearly one hundred lost their lives.

On the 29th of April, 1903, in Spokane, Mr. Barnhart was united in marriage to Miss Victoria Devor, a daughter of Joseph B. and Martha (Starr) Devor, who were natives of Ohio and on removing westward settled in Elkhart, Indiana, where the father became a prominent banker and leading citizen. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Barnhart was bom one son, Richard Devor Barnhart.

In his political views Mr. Barnhart was a republican, interested in the welfare and success of his party and active in support of the measures and movements for the benefit of the city. His fraternal relations were with the Masons and the Knights of Pythias and he held membership in the First Presbyterian church, to the teachings of which he was always loyal. He was a man of studious habits, read broadly and thought deeply and he kept well informed on the leading questions of interest of his day. He was (me of the most progressive and successful attorneys of Spokane and in the practice of law made a creditable record. He carefully prepared his cases and was logical in his arguments and enjoyed the high regard of his professional brethren as well as of those whom he met in the relations of social life.

Hon. William E. Cullen

In the history of the northwest no name is regarded with greater honor and prominence than that of William E. Cullen, who remained for a number of years as a leading representative of mining law in this section of the country. He was also well versed on railroad and other branches of corporation law, his opinions coming to be regarded as authority upon questions relative to those branches of jurisprudence. He rose to a position, of distinction because he wisely, faithfully and conscientiously utilized the powers with which nature endowed him, and among those who have left their impress upon the legal history of the northwest none have been more faultless in honor^ fearless in conduct or stainless in reputation. He resided in Spokane for only a comparatively brief period but was a resident of this section of the state for many years.

His birth occurred in Mansfield, Richland county,. Ohio, June SO, 1888, his parents being among the pioneer residents of that state. The ancestry is tr;iced back in the paternal line to Scotland, whence the great-grandfather of Judge Cullen came to America, leaving the city of Edinburgh in 1768 to become a resident of the new world. He was a man of fine intellectual attainments and scholarly habits, was a Greek professor and in that connection was for some time a member of the faculty of one of the early colleges of Pennsylvania. He was the father of John Cullen and the grandfather of Thomas W. Cullen, and the latter was the father of William E. Cullen of this review. Thomas W. Cullen engaged in the manufacture of woolen goods in Pennsylvania and was there married in 1887 to Miss Isabel Morrison. Thirty years later they removed to Ohio, where their remaining days were passed, the father's death occurring when he had reached the age of seventyseven years, while the mother passed away at the age of sixty. Their religious faith was that of the Protestant Episcopal church and their lives were ever in harmony with their professions.

William E. Cullen was reared amid the refining influences of a good Christian home and was the eldest in a family of six children, to whom the public schools of his native town afforded them their early educational privileges. He afterward had the benefit of three years* study in what is now known as Kenyon College, a celebrated Episcopal institution at Gambier, Ohio. The west with its limitless opportunities attracted him and following his graduation he went to Minnesota, where he was appointed superintendent of instruction for the Winnebago Indians, his ancle. Major Cullen, being the Indian agent for the entire northwest. Two years were devoted to that work but during that period he determined to enter apon the practice of law, hoping to find in it a more congenial and profitable field. The trend of his mind was naturally analytical, logical and inductive and he felt that there would be sustained interest for him in the preparation and conduct of cases and in the solution of intricate and involved legal problems.

In 1860 Mr. CuUen entered the office of Judge E. Flandreau, at that time associate justice of the supreme court of Minnesota, and there continued his studies under most effective direction until 1862, when he was admitted to the bar. He shared in the experiences of frontier life during his residence in Minnesota and served as second lieutenant in a company of state troops at the time of the Indian uprising of 1862, which reached its climax in the fearful massacre at New Ulm. The company to which he was attached did active duty in suppressing the Sioux Indians, and when his military aid was no longer needed Mr. Cullen turned his attention to the active practice of law, opening an office at St. Peter, Nicollet county, Minnesota, where he became associated with Major S. A. Buell, a brother of General Don C. Buell. This connection was maintained until 1866, when Mr. Cullen started on the overland journey to Montana, traveling by ox team with a party that made the trip under command of Captain James Fisk and arrived in Helena m August.

Mr. Cullen at once opened an office in that city and sdon gained recognition as a lawyer of wide knowledge and ability. His services were in constant requisi- tion in the trial of cases and in counsel and he also took active part in shaping the early history of the district through political activity. He was chosen to represent the district in the legislative assembly, which at that time numbered but seven members and was the first to convene subsequent to the annullment of the laws of 1866. At later dates and on different occasions, when the country was more thickly settled, Mr. Cullen again represented his district in the territorial and state legislatures and was identified with the work of framing many of the laws which now have place on the statute books of the state and constitute a firm foundation for its present high legal and pM>litical status.

As the years passed Judge Cullen progressed in his profession until he occupied a position of distinctive precedence and prominence. In 1876 he became a partner of Colonel W. F. Sanders, one of the most distinguished members of the bar of the state. Later he was associated with George F. Shelton and afterward with Governor J. K. Toole, all distinguished representatives of the legal fraternity in the northwest. He likewise served as division counsel for the Northern Pacific Railroad Company from the time its line entered the state of Montana in 1881 until it was reorganized in 1897. As its chief representative in Montana he passed through many exciting periods in its history, from the time when General Grant drove the golden spike at Gold Creek, Montana, through its many vicissitudes, including in its later years the troublesome seizure of trains by the Coxey army and the great sympathetic strike of 1894, which completely tied up its property, and finally through its passage into the hands of receivers and its final sale to the present reorganization.

Professional service, which also brought Judge Cullen into more than local prominence, was his work as general counsel for F. Augustus Heinze during the long legal contest which he waged with the Amalgamated Copper Company for many years at Butte, Montana, resulting finally in victory for his client. The judge was one of the organizers and a large stockholder of the Powell Sanders wholesale grocery company of Spokane.

The political offices which Judge Cullen filled were always directly or indirectly in the path of his profession, being connected with framing or with the interpretation of the law., He was the first attorney general of the state of Montana and also its first adjutant general. In politics he was a recognized supporter of the democratic party but felt that his professional duties should be precedent to all else and thus took comparatively little active part in political work. A contemporary biographer has written of him: "In his chosen field of mining law few men were his equals and he has left a deep imprint upon the mining laws and decisions of the country. His ability was recognized by the public and the profession and was the outcome of close study, thorough preparation of his cases, keen analysis of facts and the logical application of the law. Before a court or jury he entered easily and naturally into an argument; there was no straining after effect, but a precision and coolness in statement, an acuteness and strength in argument which few |>ossessed, marked him as of a mind trained in the severest school of investigation and to which analytical reasoning was habitual. Such decisions as Black vs. Elkhorn Mining Company and Lewis vs. Northern Pacific Railroad Company, in the supreme court of the United States, were from their beginning great legal battles and were fought by him on points which were then new in the history of litigation then existing in this country. For a period of twenty-one years he conducted for the Montana Mining Company, the owner of the famous Drum Lummon mine at Marys ville, Montana, the bitter litigation existing between it and the St. Louis Mining Company of Montana, and in the end fell a victim to his ardor in fighting this litigation. The last trial of this case, in Helena, Montana, where he conducted it, lasted for a period of over three months, in the year 1905, and he wore himself out during the course of this trial, although on account of his rugged health the effects of exhaustion did not disclose themselves for a long time to come and not until he was before the supreme court of the United States, in arguing this case for the Montana Mining Company in December, 1907, when he was stricken down by an attack of heart disease from which he never recovered.**

Judge Cullen spent the last few years of his life in Spokane, to which city he removed with his family in 1899, and here entered into partnership with F. M. Dudley, under the style of Cullen & Dudley, a connection that was maintained until his life's labors were ended. He was always very devoted to his family, and his was a happy home life which had its inception in his marriage^ in 1868^ in Helena, to Miss Corlin V. Stoakes, who was a native of New York, a descendant of the Lawrence family and a daughter of Clarence B. Stoakes, for a long time a prominent attorney of New York city. Mr. and Mrs. Cullen became the parents of ^ve children, of whom three are yet residents of Spokane. The mother of these children died on the 18th of January, 1911.

He considered no effort on his part too great if it would promote the happiness and welfare of his wife and children and his was a nature that shed around it much of the sunshine of life. His friends, and they were many, found him a most congenial companion and one, too, with whom association meant expansion and elevation. Death came to him in September, 1908, and thus passed from the scene of earthly activities one who had long been prominent in the northwest. Success and honors came to him in merited recognition of his personal worth and ability. He was recognized as the peer of the ablest members of the bar in this section of the countrv and his life was rich in all the traits of honorable manhood and citizenship.

William J. Doust

Wilham J. Doust, chief of police by appointment of Mayor Pratt in October, 1910, and also president of the Cascade Laundry j^ and secretary and treasurer of the Spokane Laundry, has made a creditable record in both commercial and official circles. Mr. Doust was born at Syracuse, New York, November 21, 1857, his parents being William and Sarah (Green) Doust The father, who was a merchant of that city, passed away a number of years ago. Spending his youthful days in his parents* home, William J. Doust was sent to the public schools, passing through consecutive grades to the high school, and when his school life was ended entered business circles in the operative department of the New York Central Railroad as fireman on a locomotive.

In March, 1879, Mr. Doust went to Leadville, Colorado, where he remained for ten years, engaged in mining. His residence in the Spokane country dates from 1887 and for twelve years following his arrival he was engaged in ranching, having taken up a homestead claim at what is now known as Green Bluff, sixteen miles northeast of the city of Spokane. Throughout the period of his residence in this district he has been more or less actively connected with public affairs and at different times has been called to office. In 1 889 he received an appointment as clerk of the board of comity commissioners, which position he filled for sixteen months. He then turned his attention to general merchandising at Hillyard and continued in that position until elected sheriff of Spokane county on the republican ticket, in 1901. His first term of service received indorsement in reelection in 1908, so that he served in all for four years, retiring from the office as he had entered it, with the confidence and good-will of all law-abiding citizens. He next engaged in the laundry business in which he is still interested. He is today president of the Cascade Laundry and is also identified with the Spokane Laundry as its secretary and treasurer, while in the Pearl Laundry he is a stockholder. The excellent record - which he made in the sheriff's office naturally drew to him the attention of Mayor Pratt when a chief of police was appointed, and in October, 1910, Mr. Doust was named for the position. He has thoroughly organized the department and is doing everything in his power to maintain law and order and free the state from all criminal acts.

On the 6th of December, 1879, Mr. Doust was mwried at Leadville, Colorado, to Miss Kittie P. Shoudy, a daughter of Henry and Ellen Shoudy, of Syracuse, New York. They have &ve children: Edwin H., now manager of the Cascade Laundry; William J., inanager of the Pearl Laundry; Minnie E., living at home; Kittie, the wife of Claude McDonald, of Spokane ; and Walter, who is still in school.

The family attend the Central Baptist church and reside in a pleasant home at No. 1018 Montgomery avenue. Mr. Doust has many fraternal relations and in the different organizations to which he belongs is popular. His membership is inTyrian Lodge, No. 96, F. & A. M.; the Elks Lodge, No. ^28; the Modem Woodmen of America ; the Woodmen of the World ; the Ancient Order of United Workmen; and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is likewise a member of the Inland Club. Those who know him find him approachable and genial and he is never an unwelcome guest save where there is something to be found that will not bear dose investigation and scrutiny. He regards a public office as a public trust and it is well known that no trust reposed in William J. Doust has ever been betrayed.

Edgar G. Taylor

Where irrigation is the paramount question of the day relative to the development of the vast acreage in the Inland Empire, it is interesting to know something of the pioneer work accomplished by real-estate men in that line. In this connection due relative precedence must be given to Mr. Taylor, whose efforts have been largely the means of placing upon the market and putting under water much of the land of this district that is now of great value. This, too, has been the means of adding largely to the population of Spokane and its adjacent territory. In no region of the northwest today are there found more attractive and better improved irrigated tracts and none more productive than those of which Mr. Taylor has had charge or has been interested in. He had the prescience to discern what the future had in store for this great and growing country and, seeing the possibilities for its development through the process of irrigation^ he has put forth most effective effort to secure the introduction of an irrigation system that shall be adequate to all needs. He has operated continuously in the real-estate field since coming to Spokane, having taken up his abode in this city in April, 1900.

His birthplace was in Mowersville, Pennsylvania, and his natal day was January 14, 1862. He was reared upon the home farm of his father, Samuel Taylor, who represented an old New England family of German descent. His mother, too, who bore the maiden name of Mary Ann Sentman, was bom in the Keystone state and was of German lineage. She died in the year 1876. Samuel Taylor, the father, in addition to his farming interests became a stockholder in the Lurgin Mutual Fire Insurance Company, of which he was one of the organizers and directors^ and also acted as adjuster foi; the company until his death. Unto him and his wife were born ^ve sons and three daughters: Edgar G. ; W. S., a lawyer of Los Angeles^ California; John M., who is living on the old homestead at Mowersville^ Pennsylvania; Robert H., a Presbyterian minister living at Ash Grove, Missouri ; I^rank E., who is preaching for the Presbyterian church at Tusculum, Tennessee; Clara, the wife of J. F. De Haven, a farmer of Mowersville, Pennsylvania; Mary E., the wife of A. O. Bishop, a retired farmer of Chambersburg, Pennsylvania; and Emma J., the wife of Mr. Kyle, also a retired farmer of Chambersburg.

In the old Pine Grove school at Mowersville, Pennsylvania, Edgar G. Taylor pursued his education and upon the home farm he received practical training in the work of the fields, continuing to assist his father until 1881, when, at the age of nineteen years, he left home and went to Marshalltown, Iowa. He was employed upon a farm near Haverhill, Iowa, from June until December and then returned to Pennsylvania, entering the employ of the Geiser Manufacturing Company of Waynesboro, that state. He served an apprenticeship as a machinist in that employ from 1882 until 1885 and in December of the latter year returned to Marshalltown, where for two years he was employed as a machinist by the Iowa Barbed Wire Company. Subsequently he removed to Dubuque, Iowa, where he remained for two months as machinist for the Iowa Iron Works Company. In the fall of 1887 he went to Boone, Iowa, as machinist for the Chicago & Northwestern Railroad Company and in December, 1887, accepted the position of foreman of the branch lines that centered at Carroll, Iowa. Subsequently he was promoted to the position of division foreman of the Chicago & Northwestern at Council Bluffs, Iowa, continuing at that point until June, 1895, when he was appointed master mechanic for the western Iowa division of the Chicago & Northwestern, acting in that capacity until the 1st of February, 1900.

In April of tbe latter year Mr. Taylor came to Spokane and at once entered the real-estate field, in which he has since carried on his operations. He entered into partnership with J. T. Cochran, with offices in the Mohawk block, and in 1902 he formed a partnership with C. L. Glenn, making a specialty of farm lands tributary to Spokane. In 1904-5 he operated alone under the firm name of E. G. Taylor & Company and in 1906 secured the agency of the Spokane Canal Company, representing the Otis Orchards in the Spokane valley. He purchased and also sold all of the land for that company and since taking charge has located over three hundred families in that part of the district. The rapid settlement of the region has led to the establishment of schools and churches, while commercial clubs, literary societies and kindred organizations have been formed and all of those things which contribute to progress along social, intellectual, material and moral lines have been instituted. In December, 1909, Mr. Taylor merged his business with the firm of Becher & Thompson and with C. F. Young, since which time he has been vice president of the Spokane Valley Irrigated Land Company, which has made a specialty of handling Spokane valley lands, including property at Pasadena, West Farms, Otis Orchards, East Farms, Greenacres and East Greenacres. Their combined efforts have located over six thousand people in the Spokane valley. Altogether they have thirty-five thousand acres in their control, on which they expect to locate fifty thousand people. Seventy-five per cent of the land sold is being improved, orchards have been established which are now a commercial feature and comfortable modern bungalows have been built, displaying the most attractive styles of architecture of this class. There are now over a thousand acres in bearing orchards, producing from three hundred to five hundred dollars an acre annually. When all the land is improved it will be capable of returning from seventeen to twenty million dollars annually and all this has been done in eight years in the transformation of a barren desert. The water supply is furnished from Newman, Fish and Liberty lakes and the Spokane river at Postfalls and all is imder the gravity system. Within from ^ve to ten years this land will all be sold and will have been brought under a high state of cultivation. It is capable of yielding products that sell from one hundred to three hundred dollars per acre between trees while they are coming into bearing. The district has become settled by a class of people who are now permanently located and are finding happiness and prosperity in their new homes. They are people who have known the comforts of the east and represent the highest social and intellectual interests. The automobile is largely used in place of the carriage and all of the conveniences of life are to be found among the people who are occupying these districts. Prior to the time that the irrigation system was extended to the land it required ten acres to produce the feed for one horse or one cow and the valuation was ten to fifteen dollars per acre. Since water has been provided the products bring from one hundred to three hundred dollars per acre, whereby it has been made possible for a family to be comfortable and live well upon &vc acres. The average amount, however, is ten acres to a family.

In June, 1889, at Carroll, Iowa, Mr. Taylor was united in marriage to Miss Jennie Niswonger, a daughter of M. L. Niswonger, one of the leading merchants of that place. He was of German descent and was a soldier of the Civil war, going to the front with a Pennsylvania regiment. Mr. and Mrs. Taylor have become the parents of two sons and two daughters: Lynn E., who is with the Liberty Park Grocery Company; Lee E., who is with the Ornamental Iron Works, of Spokane; and Marie and Margaret, who are students in the high school. In his political views Mr. Taylor has always been a republican, while his religious faith is that of the Presbyterian church. He holds membership with the Chamber of Commerce and for some time was a member of the board of managers of the 150,000 Club. He was also treasurer of the Otis Orchards Commercial Club for some time and is a man of aptitude in business so that his cooperation is a valued factor in public projects which have for their object the welfare progress of the entire district. Keen insight has always enabled him to recognize possibilities and ambition has prompted him to utilize them to the best advantage^ so that his labors have brought him substantial and well merited success. Spokane has every reason to number him among her representative citizens.

Hiram Rothrock

When one reviews the history of pioneer life and experience in the west he is continually reminded of the old saying that "truth is stranger than fiction." Like every individual, Hiram Rothrock passed many days in prosaic devotion to his business and yet in his active career he had many interesting and sometimes thrilUng experiences incident to travel and residence in a frontier country. While living in the Spokane valley he devoted his energies to farming which he continued to follow until about two years prior to his deaths when he removed to the city of Spokane. He was born in Lewiston, Pennsylvania, January 20, 1840, and died on the 16th of October, 1901. His parents were the Rev. Abraham and Mary (Bashore) Rothrock, the former at one time a well known bishop of the church. The son attended the public schools of his native state until he reached the age of sixteen years, when he removed to Dixon, Illinois, and soon afterward entered upon preparation for the ministry as a student in Mount Morris Academy. He also attended Dixon College for a short time, after which he returned to Pennsylvania and, still with the thought of entering upon a professional career, studied medicine and dentistry at Hiram College and later at Williams College. About that time he removed with his parents to Lawrence, Kansas, where his father settled up>on a farm.

Hiram Rothrock was there living at the time of the outbreak of the Civil war and on the 20th of August, 1862, aroused by a spirit of patriotism, he enlisted at Lawrence as a member of Company A of the Ninth Kansas Cavalry, going to the front under Captain Earl and later serving under Captain Steel as a member of the Second Division of the Seventh Army Corps. He participated in the battles of Kane Hill, Pea Ridge and numerous other engagements, everywhere acquitting himself with honor and courage, and following the cessation of hostilities was mustered out at Devall Bluff, Arkansas, June 21, 1865. His father was shot on the 21st of August, 1863, by Quantrell, during the raid which that famous guerrilla made on Lawrence, Kansas. He survived for &ye years but his death was the effect of the wound received at that time.

When the war was over Hiram Rothrock rejoined the family at Lawrence and divided his time between the practice of his profession, stock-raising and the various duties of farm life, continuing his residence in that locality imtil April, 1878.

While living in the Sunflower state Mr. Rothrock was married at Lawrence, Kansas, in 1867, to Miss Suzannah Raffe, a daughter of William and Nancy (Bassler) Raffe, both of whom were of old Virginia and Pennsylvania families. Her grandfather, John Raffe, was bom in Jamestown, Virginia, and was a soldier in the War of 1812, while her great-grandfather, William Ballinger, won distinction by his valorous service in the Revolutionary war. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Rothrock were born four children: Edward, who married Mary Hadley, of San Francisco, and who for many years has been identified with the Chronicle; Ethel, a well known school teacher of this city; William H. and Elwood, both deceased.

Continuing his residence in Kansas until 1878, Mr. Rothrock then started with his family and a party for California, reaching Calistoga in the early part of April, of that year. On the 20th of May they started on an overland trip to the north, passing up the Sacramento valley and up Pitt river and eventually reaching central Oregon, where they arrived after a seven weeks' trip, having passed through the territory of hostile Indians three days before the massacre at Warm Springs and Umatilla. For a brief period Mr. Rothrock and his family remained at The Dalles and for a short time rested in Walla Walla and Colfax before coming to Spokane. Here he homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of land seven miles southwest of Spokane and devoted his energies to general agricultural pursuits, becoming one of the substantial farmers and valued citizens of his community. His labors wrought a splendid transformation in the appearance of his farm which he converted into rich fields that annually returned to him a substantial income. There he resided until 1899, when he retired to quiet life, making his home thereafter in the city until his demise.

Mr. Rothrock voted with the republican party where national questions were involved but cast an independent local ballot, regarding only the capability of the candidate in city and state elections. His hearing was largely injured during the war and he always hesitated to enter into any public service, yet his influence was always on the side of progress and improvement. However, he served as overseer of the poor, as school director and as township trustee for 'many years. His honesty was proverbial and he was a faithful member of the Brethren church in his earlier days, while later he attended services of the various denominations. He was essentially a home man and at his own fireside was ever a hospitable host, doing everything to contribute to the pleasure and comfort of his guests. His character and reputation were above reproach and when we review the honorable record of such men as Hiram Rothrock we are reminded of the words of the immortal Lincoln, who said: "There is something better than making a livings - making a life."

A successful physician and a public-spirited and enterprising citizen, Dr. Francis A. Pomeroy, of Cheney, has demonstrated his ability and enjoys the entire confidence of the community, where he has made his home for twenty-seven years past. He belongs to the type of men who add courage and dignity to their vocation and are rightly looked upon as leaders wherever they are known. Bom in Salt Lake City, Utah, January 10, 1849, he is a son of F. M. and Irene V. (Haskell) Pomeroy. The mother died in 1857, when her son Francis was eight years of age, but the father, who was one of the pioneer men of the west, survived until 1902, passing away at an advanced age.