Walla Walla County, Washington - Biographical sketches (2 of 2 so headed), 1901 (part 7 of 9)

ALBERT E. REID, a pioneer of i88j, and now one of the leading business men of Wallula, is a native of Ontario, Canada, born November i, 1847. He acquired his education in the excellent schools for which that proxince is noted, then engaged in railroading, an occupation which he followed until about twenty-fi\-e years old. In 1872, he removed to Washington, D. C, but failing to find conditions as he expected, he soon went thence to Virginia, where for about four years he followed the dairy business. On retiring from that, he revisited Canada, not to remain, however, for before long we find him in Dakota, and again in railroad work. In 1882, he decided to try his fortune further west, so came out to Walla Walla county, took pre-emption where Wallula now is, and performed such duties in connection with it as the law required for perfecting his title, at the same time working in the employ of the N. P. R. R. Company. He remained with that company until 1894, and took a prominent part in the big railway strike, serving as chairman of the striking committee.

Since the date mentioiied Air. Reid has' given his attention to the mercantile business, and now has a good establishment and an excellent trade in the town of \\'allula. He held the position of postmaster of the town for a time under appointment by President Cleveland. Mr. Reid is quite extensively interested in Wallula property, a considerable portion of the site being his, so that he naturally takes an active interest in promoting in every honoral)le way the welfare of his home town. He is, liowe\'er. too broad-minded and publicspirited to confine his interests to merely local matters, the larger afifairs of state and nation receiving a share of his attention. He is one of the representative men of the Democratic party in his part of the state, and was appointed by that party a delegate to the convention that nominated Charles S. Vorhees for congress in territorial times.

Mr. Reid was married in Wallula, December 25, 1888, to Miss Emma S. Kuechen, a native of Burlington, Iowa, whom he met while she was visiting her uncle, Mr. C. A. Linn, in 1883. To their union have been born two children, Martha and Albert.

WILLIAM CALLAHAN, one of the leading farmers in the vicinity of Pleasant View, is a native of ^Vest Virginia, born in 1867. His parents were natives of Ireland, but both came to America while young, and they were is a native of West Virginia, born in 1867. (|uircd his education in his native state, and when nineteen set out for the west. He came as far as Colorado, stopped there a year, then came on to Bakersfield, California, where he also passed a year. Subsequently he engaged in railroad work for the Southern Pacific

Railroad Company, by wliicli he was employed until 1890. In that year he entered the service of the Northern Pacific Company at Centralia, where he resided nntil 1892. He then took a trip to Montana. In 1893 he returned to this state, going first to the sound country. whence the same year he came to Walla Walla county. Locating at Pleasant View, he purcliased a quarter section of land, homesteaded another adjoining, antl began wheat raising. By industry and good management he has won for himself a comfortable home and a rank among the best farmers of his neighborhood.

S.\MUEL J. SMITH, a farmer at Clyde, is a native of Tennessee, born August 2, 1871. He lived in his native state until ten years old. then came with his parents to the state of Washington, where he grew to manhood and received his education. The family bought land on Eureka flat in 1881 and engaged in farming, and Mr. Smith remained at home assisting his father until the latter's death, then took full charge of the farm. He now ranks among the most extensive and successful tillers of the soil in Walla Walla county, being the owner of about three thousand acres of land. He is an industrious, enterprising and progressive young man, enjoying the respect and esteem of all his neighliors. He is. in fraternal connection, a member of the Knights of Pythias Lodge. No. 8, of Wal!a Walla. On December 4. 1898, he was married in Walla Walla to Miss Nora Ebert. a native of Illinois, who came with her parents to Eureka flat in 1895. They have one daughter, Florence E.. born December 10. 1899. Mrs. Smith is a member of the M. E. church of Walla Walla.

born in Tennessee November 26. 1828. She resided in Knox county, that state, until 1881. then came with her husband to Eureka flat, where they took up land. On January 12, 1S98, she was left a widow. Her land includes a fine tract of eighty acres, adjoining the town of Clyde. ^Irs. Smith has eight living children, William G., Oliver T., Robert M., Samuel J.. Harvev L.. lohn W.. Laura A. and Victoria.

JOHN \\ ICKERSHAM. a farmer resident about ten miles east of Walla \\'alla. is a native of Belmont county, Ohio, born in 1 83 1. He lived in that state until twenty-five years old, engaged in farming, then went to Iowa, where his home was until, in 1862, he came to Walla W'alla. His first winter in the new country was passed on Birch creek. In the spring he moved into the city of Walla \\'alla. and from that time until 1866 he was employed in teaming to the mines, but he then purchased what was known as the old Babcock place, and again became a farmer. Before long, however, he sold out and moved to Touchet, where he spent a year.

Subsequently Mr. Wickersham came to the neighborhood in which he now lives, and acquired land by pre-emption and purchase until he had a farm of over a thousand acres. For a number of years afterwards he was one of the most extensive wheat raisers in the countv. but latterly he has operated on a somewhat smaller scale. He is a man of energy and integritv. and his standing in the community in which he resides is of the highest. He has been quite active in the campaigns and counsels of the Populist party since its organization, and has served as a delegate to its state conventions. His fraternal connections are witli the Pioneers of tlie Pacific, an insurance order, of wliich he is an honorary member. In Iowa, in the month of October, 1856, our subject married Christina AHiertson, and of their marriage have been born ten children, namely: Isaac Newton, George M., May E., Charles C. (deceased). Cora B., John S., William T. (deceased), Alfred L., Mary (deceased), and Rosetta (deceased).

SAMUEL A. ASH, a pioneer of 1877, was born in V'ermont on July 17, 1856. He resided in his native state continuously until twentyone years old, receiving a common school education, but as soon as he had attained his majority he came direct to Walla Walla county, located at W'allula. old tnwn, and engaged in the business of handling sheep, taking charge at first of Mr. Charles Buck's herds. He afterwards entered the employ of Legrow & Adams, for whom he was manager for fifteen consecutive years. He invested his earnings in sheep, soon acquiring quite a large herd of his own, and though he now gives his time to other pursuits, he still owns three thousand eight hundred liead. He has been interested in the saloon business in Wallula since 1891, also in a mercantile establishment in the same town since 1898.

Though without monev or inlbicntial friends when he arrived in Walla Walla county, he has ])y industry, frugality and careful management succeeded in accumulating a moderate fortune. Besides his Wallula property and his stock, he is the owner of seven thousand acres in the county, mostly hay and pasture land.

county he served as deputy under that officer, in Wallula precinct. He was married June 18, 1892, to Miss Mitta Doke, a native of Wallula, daughter of one of the old pioneers of the \alley. They ha\e one adopted child.

JOHN GASTON. - The respected pioneer whose name gives caption to this brief biographical review was born in county Antrim, Ireland, on December 24, 1827, and in his veins, mingled together in equal proportions, are the blood of that energetic, impulsi\-e race and the no less energetic but more staid and serene Scot. Mr. Gaston remained in his native land until eighteen years of age, receiving the advantage of the excellent public schools of Belle Mene. On July 11, 1845, however, he, with his father and all his brothers and sisters (his mother having died some eight years before), set sail for the new world, and after a stormy voyage lasting about two months, they at length arri\'ed in Castle Garden, Xew York, whence they at once removed to Baltimore. In that historic city the family made their home for a number of years, and there, on April 2t,, 1853, they were deprived of parental guidance entirely by the death of the father.

Mr. Gaston had been employed prior to this time as a porter in P. T. Barnum's hotel, at that time supposed to be the largest in the United States, but shortly after his father's demise he resolved to try his fortunes in California. Accordingly, he took passage on a vessel bound for the south with a view to. reaching his destination by the Nicaragua route, and on October 31, 1853. he landed in San Francisco, .\fter a short stay, he went to the Nevada City mines, where for several years he was engaged in the effort to pene- trate nature's vaults, and win therefrom the hidden treasure. Later, he estabHshed a vegetable garden in tliat region, a venture which turned out well and continued to net him considerable revenue until the mines closed down.

Mr. Gaston thereupon moved to Walla Walla, with which city he has been identified ever since the date of his arrival, June 6, 1862. His first business in the new country was packing and freighting into the mines of Idaho, in which industry he used mule-teams. He continued to devote his energies to this, making several trips into Montana, also, for about eight years, after which he engaged in the lodging house business at No. 10 South Fourth street, where he has ever since resided. He is quite extensively interested in Walla Walla realty, being the owner not only of the house in which he lives and maintains his business, but also of several lots on Knob Hill, and of other property.

Mr. Gaston has seen a great deal of pioneer life in the west, and in him are developed fully all the best traits which characterize that honored class. During his long residence in Walla Walla, his life has ever been so ordered as to secure and retain the confidence, esteem and good will of those with whom he has had business or social relations, and he is the fortunate possessor of an en\iable reputation and standing in the city. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Masonic order, being a member of Walla Walla Lodge No. 7, and also of the Chapter.

On June 6, 1892, the marriage of our subject and Mrs. Mary J. Evans was solemnized in this county. Mrs. Gaston is a native of Ireland, but has been a resident of the United States ever since her nineteenth year. ]\Ir. Gaston was reared and has ever remained an old school Presbvterian.

SETH A. FERREL, a farmer residing about eleven and a half miles east of Walla Walla, was born in this county in 1868. He received such education as the local public schools afiforded, then gave his time to the cultivation of the paternal farm until about 1888. He then purchased one hundred and twenty acres, and started farming for himself. At present he is farming and raising stock on this land, and on one thousand acres which he rents from his father for use as pasture. He has a splendid orchard of ten acres, and many other improvements, which bear testimony to his industry and thrift. He is the owner of one Inmdred and seventy head of cattle and horses, and besides his real estate holdings in this county has title to some very good residence property in Seattle. In fraternal affiliations, he is identified with the Modern Woodmen of America. He was married in Walla Walla county, in 1888, to Miss Elysia Wickersham, daughter of one of the early pioneers of the county, and their union has been blest by the advent of three children, Clyde B., Edith Florence and Harrv.

WILLIA^I H. CARNES, a saddle and harness maker with C. E. Nye, is one of the pioneers of Walla Walla, having lived in that city since 1880. He was born in Lou'sville, Kentucky, December 2"], 1843. In 1853, his parents remo\-ed to Indianapolis, Indiana, where they remained for five years, then removing to Danville, Indiana.

At the age of eighteen years, !Mr. Carnes responded to the first call of President Lincoln for volunteers. He enlisted in Company A, Seventh Indiana Infantry, under Colonel Dumont for the three months service, taking part in the first figlit at Phillii)pi, West Virginia, which occurred several days before the battle of Bull Run. At the expiration of his three months enlistment, he re-enlisted for three years or during the war, in the Fifty-third Indiana Infantry, under Colonel Walter Q. Gresham, late secretary of state in the cabinet of President Cleveland. Mr. Carnes served with his regiment through the entire war, being' under General Grant until after the surrender of Vicksburg, then under General Sherman through the Atlanta campaign and the famous march to the sea.

At the close of his three years, Mr. Carnes re-enlisted for three years more in the veteran service. He was with Sherman's triumphant army in the campaign from Savannah through South Carolina and North Carolina, terminating in the surrender of General Joe Johnston, near Raleigh, in April, 1865. He also was with the army in its march to Washington city and took part in the grand review in the national capital. His regiment was then returned to Lidianapolis, where they were mustered out. JMr. Carnes was wounded at the battle of Atlanta, being shot in the left foot during a charge, and was incapacitated for active service for about two months, but being a mounted courier, did not take a discharge. He participated in the battle of Shiloh, the siege of Corinth, battle of Hatchie river, the Vicksburg campaign and siege, the raid on Meridian, Mississippi, in the winter of 1863 and '64, and in the engagement at Jackson, Mississippi, after the Vicksburg surrender.

Upon l)eing mustered out, he removed to Fairbury, Illinois, where he served an apprenticeshi]) of three years to a harness maker. He then went to Princeton, Arkansas, and opened a grocery store in connection with a harness shop and saddlery. In the spring of

1873 he removed to San Francisco, where he followed his trade until March, 1880, removing then to Walla Walla. For two years he was employed in the harness shop of Thomas Quinn, after which he opened a shop of his own on East Main street. In 1891, his place was destroyed by fire and he lost his shop with his entire stock and tools, and he then accepted his present position with C. E. Nye.

j\Ir. Carnes is a member of the Knights of Pythias, Columbia Lodge, No. 8, of Walla Walla, and of Lincoln Post, No. 4, G. A. R., in which he is a past commander. He has represented his post as a delegate to the department encampment and has served as aide-decamp on the staff of the commander in chief of the G. A. R. He was married in Danville, Indiana, November 10, 1869, to Miss Elizabeth Kempton, a native of Cincinnati, Ohio.

WALTER S. FERGUSON, a farmer, residing about se\-en miles east of A\'alla Walla,, is a son of the west, having been born in Douglas county, Oregon, in 1866. He came with the remainder of the family to Walla \^'al!a county, in 1872, and his first home in this section was about three miles east of the place where he now resides. He received a good education, enjoying the advantages both of the public schools and of Whitman College, then engaged in farming as an occupation. He is now the owner of three hundred and twenty acres of fine land, and is engaged in raising wlieat principally, though he also gives some attention to other farm products. He is one of the solid and .substantial citizens of the county, and though not amliitious for leadership or personal preferment, enjoys an alumdant measure of the esteem and good will of his neighbors. He married, in this county, in 1895. Miss Jessie ilay Foster, a member of one of the eadiest pioneer families and they have two children. Cecil W. and Bessie L. The family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church.

ELI W. CROUP. D. D. S. - Walla Walla, like most other western cities, is supplied with a large corps of able and efficient professional men many of whom are among the choicest products of the finest colleges, universities and professional schools in the land. Prominent among them is Eli W. Croup, one of the leading dental surgeons in eastern Washington. He was born in Butler, Pennsylvania, on April 1 8. 1852, and in the ptiblic schools of that town he took his initial steps in the pursuit of an education. He supplemented his thorough common school training by a complete course in \\itherspoon Seminary, and immediately after graduation began the study of dentistry under Dr. S. R. Diffenbaucher. Five years were given to the study and practice of dentistn,-. and at the end of this protracted apprenticeship Dr. Croup became a partner of his former preceptor. This partnership continued until the death of Dr. Diflfenbaucher. whereupon Dr. Croup purchased his partner's interests and continued the business alone. His skill and assiduity brought him a very large patronage, and the net annual earnings of his office ran up into the thousands of dollars, but failing health soon compelled him to seek a more salubrious climate.

Accordingly. Dr. Croup placed his business in charge of an assistant and came west, arriving in Walla Walla August 6, 1884. He found the conditions and prospects ven,- favorable, and. though he could not do so without material sacrifice, he soon decided to make this city his permanent home. He sold his business in the east, brought his family to Walla Walla and prepared to engage in the practice of his profession here. Until 1896, he maintained an office in the Kirkman building, but the growth of his practice rendered larger and more convenient offices necessary, so he then moved to the Ouinn building, where we now find him. The present firm. Croup Bros., was formed in 1895, when the Doctor took his younger brother, who had also become a dentist of ability, into partnership.

Dr. Croup is thoroughly devoted to his profession, and has given the assiduous efforts of many years to the masterv- of everything pertaing to diseases of the mouth and teetli and to their treatment. In furtherance of this end he, in iS93.took an extended post-graduate course in Haskell's Prosthetic School of Dentistry in Chicago.

In fraternal affiliations, the Doctor is identified with the Woodmen of the A\'orld, Camp Xo. 96. of Walla Walla, while in religious persuasion, he and his entire family are Methodists, their membership being in the First Methodist Episcopal church of this city.

Dr. Croup was m.arried on the 28th of ^larch. 1879. to Miss Susan D. Eshingbaugh, a native of Butler. Pennsylvania, and to their union two children have been bom: Estella May, who will graduate in vocal music from a musical college in Chicago in June. 1901 : and Myrtle Gail, a pupil in the public schcols of A\"alla Walla.

ALFRED C. WELLM.\X, a farmer near Clyde, is a native of Alabama, bom Xovember 3. 1835. When a year old he was tr.ken by his parents to Missouri, where his father became an extensive farmer and mer- chant. Mr. W'ellnian attemled the pubhc schools until he acquired a good general education, then in 1855 took charge of his father's eleven-hundred-acre farm. In 1S62 the father died. The next year the fa.nily started across the plains with o.x-teams to Walla Walla county, where, shortly after his arrival, Mr. Wellman took a pre-emption on Dry creek. He also engaged in mining in Idaho, and succeeded in locating some very rich claims.

In 1871 Mr. Wellman was elected county assessor of Walla Walla county, and at the expiration of his term he became deputy sheriff, serving for two years. He then made a trip east in the interest of a patent calculator, one of his own invention. On his return he went to Silver City, Idaho, wliere he mined until 1876. He then located a timber culture on Eureka flat, and became one of the pioneer agriculturists of that section. He now owns and farms six hundred and forty acres on Eureka flat, raising wheat.

He is an energetic and progTessi\e man, higiily esteemed in his community, and resjiected as one who may be relied upon to do as he agrees at all times. He was married ir April, 1S55, to Miss Helen M. Merritt, a native of Missouri, and to them have been born seven children, Charles \'., Alice C, Richard H.. Percy L., Mary J., Mark A. and Al C. In fraternal affiliations Mr. Wellman is identified with the Elks. Mrs. Wellman is a member of the Christian church, having joined the society of that faith in Xew London, Missouri, in 1855.

was taken by parents, when a small boy. His father followed lumbering and milling in Michigan, but. in 1855. he and his son, Charles T., together came to Iowa, where they bought land, and turned their attention to the business of tilling the soil. In the fall of 1879, Mr. Sweetser came, via San Francisco, to Looking Glass valley, and embarked in the lumber industry, but, the following spring, he moved to Prescott, took a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres, and a timber culture of one hundred and sixty more four miles north of that town and started farming. He has been engaged in that industry continuously since, with excellent success, and has a fine, well cultivated farm. His home and surroundings bear eloquent testimony to his thrift, energy and progressiveness. He was married in Iowa, in 1874. to iNIiss Ella M. Haviland, a native of Illinois, but a resident of Iowa from, her twelfth year until the date of her marriage. Mr. and ]^Irs. Sweetser are parents of three children, living: \'iola, born September 8, 1875: Grace, born September 3. 1886; Pansy, born January 9, 18S9; also one. Archie, deceased.

CHARLES T. SWEETSER, a farmer near Prescott, is a native of Maine, born December 10. 1849. He was reared and educated in Port Huron. Michigan, to which city he

GEORGE HARRIS CHAMBERLLX, one of the most respected business men of Walla ^\'alIa, is tlie present secretary and manager of the Chamberlin Lumber Company, No. 213 East Rose street. He is the son of George H. Chamberlin and was born at Rock Falls, Wisconsin. July 5. 1865. where he grew to manhood, receiving his education in Galesville L'niversity of Wisconsin, from which he graduated in 1886. He engaged in the lumber business in Wisconsin as an employee of the Eau Claire Lumber Company, with whom he re- mained two years. After tliis, he spent about a year in traveling, but tinally deciiled to come Avest and in December. 1888, settled at Bucoda, Washington. There he was employed by the Seatco Manufacturing Company for about eighteen months.

On June 30, 1890, Mr. Chamberlin came to Walla Walla to look after the interests of the Bucoda company, and that he continued to do until INIarch, 1889. \Mien, on that date, the company was reorganized and the present firm formed, he was elected secretary and manager. He owns a large part of the stock of the company and to his efforts its success has been largely due. Their business has been liberally ])atronized and the growth of their trade is very gratifying and satisfactory.

Mr. Chamberlin was married I\Lirch 10, 1887, in ^Meridian, Wisconsin, to Harriet E. Garland, a daughter of Mr. and I\Irs. J. B. Garland. Her father was manager of the Eau Claire Lumber Company's interests at Aleridian, Wisconsin, and a highly respected citizen of that community. :Mr. Chamberlin is a meiuber of Blue [Mountain Lodge, No. 13, F. & A. ^L, and belongs also to Walla Walla Chapter, Xo. I, Royal Arch Masons, and to Washington Commandery, No. i, Knights Templar, also to the Society of Colonial Wars, in the state of Minnesota.

Mr. and Mrs. Chamberlin and their two children, Louise and Helen, reside at 421 Lincoln street. They are members of St. Paul's Episcopal church.

where he resided until 1862, engaged in farm- .ing. In that year, however, he started across the plains with ox-teams, taking six months to make the journey. He, with his family, lived on Cottonwood creek the first winter, but the following spring they bought land seven miles southeast of Walla \\'alla, where Air. Shelton passed the remainder of his days, and where his wife still lives. He w-as for many years engaged in the nursery business, and supplied the stock for many a fine orchard.

i\lr. Shelton was always looked upon, (luring his lifetime, as one of the leading spirits of his community, and was frequently elected to local offices. For several seasons he served as director of the school district in which he resided, and he also held the offices of road overseer, justice of the peace and constable at different times. ]\Ir. Shelton was married in Davis county, Iowa, in 1850, to Margaret Earnst, who survives him and lives on the home which they had at the time of his death. Thev had one son, William Allen.

WILLIAM M. SHELTON, deceased, was born in Indiana in 1827. He passed his early youth and received his education in that state, liut when nineteen years old moved to Iowa,

CHARLES A. TYSON, a pioneer of 1877, is a native of New York, born May 4, 1846. Fie was taken by parents to Illinois while still in his early youth, and in that state and the state of Nebraska he grew to manhood and was educated. He removed to Calfornia in 1873, and in 1877 came north to Oregon, whence, three years later, he proceeded to the Walla Walla valley. Locating in the vicinity of Wallula, he secured some land and engaged in farming and stock raising, and that occupation he has followed continuously since with good success.

Oregxin, upon which they keep, besides other stock, a large bunch of horses. Our subject is a prosperous ranchman, a good neighbor, and an estimalile member of society. Li the state of Nebraska, in 1867, he married Loretta Sapp, who died in 1872, leaving two children, Belle, wife of Frank Martin, and James F. He married again in January, 1S80, the lady being Airs. Matilda A. Warner, a native of Ohio, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Burdett, and of this union two children have Ijeen Ijorn, Robert and Charles R.

Mrs. Tyson's first husband, George \\''arner, was an early pioneer of the coast, having come to California in 1852. In 1861, he settled in Walla Walla county, a half mile east of Wallula, where he resided until death overtook him. March 22, 1877. He is sur\-ived by two children, Jessie, now Mrs. Gustavus Kuhlenkomp, and George W. Mr. Warner was quite prominent in local affairs during the years he spent in the neighborhood of Wallula, serving as justice of the peace, and at different times holding municipal offices.

AMOS CUMMINGS, a pioneer of 1867, and a man who has long been very prominent in the development of Walla Walla county, is a native of Indiana, bum January 9, 1832. \\nien ten years old, he accompanied his parents to Rock county, Wisconsin, where he resided until man's estate had been reached and where he completed his public school education. In 1850, he crossed the plains to California, experiencing considerable trouble with the Indians, two of his party being killed and many head of cattle stolen. On his arrival in the Golden state, he engaged in mining on the

Feather ri\-er, where, by an unfortunate accident, he was crippled for life. He was caught under a falling tree, and had an arm and a leg broken.

In 1852, he returned, via the isthmus, to Wisconsin, and in 1853 lie engaged in the merchandise business in Mitchell county, Iowa, where he lived and prospered until 1S57. In that year he moved to Linn county, Kansas, and for the next decade was a farmer there. He also served as a member of the militia during the final years of the war. In August, 1867, he again set out across the plains, and early the next year he was established in a hotel business in Old Wallula. He was, for several years afterwards, one of the popular hotel men of the town, but in 1870 he started a mercantile establishment there. Subsequently, he removed to ^Vallula Junction, and entered into partnership with his brother in a general merchandise business in that town, but this they long since sold out. For seventeen years prior to 1892 he served as postmaster in Wallula, but since withdrawing from that oftice he has lived in practical retirement, at least from business. Since 1896, he has been living on his two-hundred-acre farm, engaged in raising alfalfa hay and some stock.

Mr. Cummings has long held a place of leadership in the county government, serving in all about ten years on the board of county commissioners, and Ijeing chairman of that board which built the court house. Recently he has been again elected as a C(jmmissioner to serve until 1903.

Mr. Cummings has been a Mason for thirty-five years, his membership at present being in the AValla Walla Lodge, No. 8. He was married in Iowa, May 3, 1857, to Miss Susan E. Babb, a native of Indiana, and they have six children, three of whom are li\-ing, namely:

URL\S S. HARMAN, one of the pioneers of Walla \\'alla, was born near the Canadian line in the state of New York. April 18, 1840. When he was seven years of age, the family removed to New Bremen. Cook county, Illinois, whence they later moved to Joliet, going thence twelve months afterward to Davenport. Iowa, where for ten years they lived on a farm, and where Mr. Harman completed his education. From his sixteenth to his twenty-first year he was employed as a farm laborer. In September, 1 86 1, he enlisted in Company E, Second Iowa Cavalry, under Captain Hendricks, and served three years and one month. He took part in the battles of Shiloh, Corinth, White Station, West Point, Franklin, Nashville and others and in numerous skirmishes. At Pittsburg Landing, his regiment charged a Confederate battery of six guns and lost twentj' men and about two hundred horses, but silenced the battery.

After being mustered out in September, 1864, Mr. Harman located in Clinton county, Iowa, and again engaged in farming. In 1869 he removed to Sioux City, Iowa, and in the spring of 1877 emigrated to California. He was employed about four months there as a farm hand, but then came to Portland, Oregon, whence, shortly afterwards, he removed to \\"alla Walla valley. He settled on a farm on Mill creek where he lived until 1897, but in that year he removed to Walla Walla, in which city he has since resided. He is now employed as janitor of the Sharpstein school.

Iowa, June 28, 1868, to Miss Sarah A. Greattra.x, a native of Massachusetts, whose parents were pioneers, of Illinois and Iowa. Their children are Francis E., an engineer in the mines of the John Jay district: Charles W., a farmer in this county; and Lester L., a printer on the Walla Walla Union. ^Ir. Harman is a member of -Abraham Lincoln Post, Grand Army of the Republic, of Walla Walla.

The family are members of the Episcopal church. The son, Charles W., was a member of the First Washington \'olunteers in the Spanish-American war, belonging to Companj* I, commanded by Captain Buffam, and he was all through the Philippine campaign, taking part in all the engagements in which his regiment participated, prominent among which were the battles at Pasig river and Paco church.

JOSEPH W. HARBERT, one of the oldest pioneers of Walla Walla county, was born in ^lontgomery county, Indiana. September -5- 1^3.^- He passed the first nine years of bis life there, then moved with his father to Dubuque, Iowa, whence two years later he went to Linn county, same state. Here he remained until May 10. 1859. when he set out across the plains to the west, making the trip with o.x-teams. On the twenty-fourth anniversary of his birth he arrived in Walla Walla, and from that time until the present day he has been a very efficient factor in the upbuilding and development of the county.

Mr. Harbert busied himself during the winter of 1859-60 in riving the first shingles ever put ujx)n a house in this city. His next employment was freighting with ox-teams from The Dalles to Walla Walla for the Bagleys, and after making two trips he entered the em- ploy of 'Sir. Charles Russell, wIk-) had a contract to deliver one hundred tons of freight to Pend d'Oreille Lake. While on his third trip in this delivery he and his partner were the only white men between that lake antl the Snake river. Our subject worked for Air. Russell for about a year and a half, then was in partnership with him in the freighting industry one summer, but in the fall of 1862 they dissolved partnership, dividing the teams, and from that time until 1866 Mr. Harbert hauled freight on his own sole account. In that year, however, he bought land four miles east of Walla Walla, where he has ever since resided. He now has a fine farm of twelve hundred acres, well improved and cultivated, and furnished with excellent buildings, and the magnitude of his industry may be imagined when it is remembered that he keeps about seventy-five head of horses for his own use. His principal crop is wheat, though he is also more extensively interested in the production of corn than any other man in the county, having raised over one hundred acres per year of this product for the last twenty years. He has ten acres of prunes and four acres planted to other varieties of fruit. Mr. Harbert is a very industrious, enterprising man, possessed of a sturdy pioneer spirit, and, as before intimated, has borne an important j^art in the industrial development of Walla Walla ctnmty. He deserves an honored place among the builders of the west. On July 13, 1866. in Lewiston, Idaho, he married Miss Emma Evans, who died in January, 1878, leaving six children, Henry P., Ida II., .\lvin L., Floy, Homer L. and Liberty. Mr. Harbert was again married, on April 8, 1884, in Cheney, Washington, to Lizzie C. De(jrof¥, and of this union three children ha\e l)cen born, Cora, deceased, Clifford and Hazel. a9

JOSEPH LAFORTUNE, whose connection with the city and county of Walla Walla, dates back to 1883, was born in Canada in i860. He acquired his education in the public schools of his native land, then removed to Michigan, where he was employed in the iron mines and in the lumber camps until he came to the state of Washington. For a number of years after his arrival here, he busied himself with various kinds of work, but in 1889 he received a permanent position from Mr. D. H. Henroid, by whom he was employed until 1894. He then engaged in business for himself in company with Mr. Genevay.

Our subject's interest in the town is manifested in many ways, but finds more specific expression in the fact that for years he has belonged to the volunteer fire department. He is quite a prominent man in fraternal circles, being an active member in the Catholic Knights of America, the Young Men's Institute, the Eagles, and the Improved Order of Red Men. On February 5, 1894, he was united in marriage to Miss Elmira Bergevin, a native of Walla Walla, daughter of early pioneer parents. They have three children, Lucille, Joseph, and Lester.

GEORGE H. MIDDLETON, a hotelkeeper at ^Vaitsburg, was born in ShefBeld, England, April 7, 1855. He attended the schools of his fatherland for a time, but when only sixteen, emigrated to America, accom- ])anicd by his mother, a widow, and by his uncle and sister, all of whom have since died. He located in Kansas, but was not there many years before the call came for volunteers for the Indian war, and he enlisted. He served under General Canbv three years. At the close of hostilities, he took a homestead ami timber culture in Lane county, Kansas, where he farmed uninterruptedly until 1881. when he came to Walla Walla.

For the first five years after his arrival here, Mr. Middleton was engaged in the restaurant business, hiU in 1886 removed to Rulo Station on the Hunt railroad, fifteen miles north of Walla Walla, and resumed farming. He was there until 1893, then returned to Walla Walla, renting a farm, lie tried the dray business in this city for three years, but at length tiring of that, returned to his place at Rulo, and again became a tiller of the soil, remaining in that occupation until quite recently.

Since Seiitcmber 22, 1900. however, he has been proprietor of the leading hotel in Waitsburg. His farm of one hundred and sixty acres he lets out to other parties. Mr. Middleton is one of the respected men of the town in Avhich he lives, and stands well in every other neighboriiood in the county in which he has resided. He was married in 3ililtun, Oregon, January i, 1893, to Miss Eleanor L. Owen, a native of California, and they have one living child, Lorena G., born October 27, 1893.

J. I'lL'ROKER, a farmer, residing five and :a half miles east of Walla ^\^alla, was born in Ohio, January 18, 1845. ^^ lived there until twelve years old, then moved with the remainder of the family to I\Iontgomery county. Missouri, whence, three years later, he went to Iowa. Me was a resident of that state until .April, 1864, then set out across the plains with teams to AX'alla Walla. He remained here from the time of his arrival until September, 1865. when he went to Linn county, Oregon, where the ensuing three years were passed. Returning, then, to this c<junty, he took a homestead and purchased a ijuarter section of land on Mil! creek, not far from his present place of abode. In June, 1883, he bought the farm on which he now lives. He is the owner of three hundred and seventy-five acres of fine land, and is engaged principall)- in producing wheat. An industrious, progressive, enterprising man, he stands well in the community in which he resides, though he does not seem to be specially ambitious for personal preferment, or leadership among his confreres. He wa§ married in Walla Walla county, December 9, 1877, to Miss Josephine Patterson, also a pioneer of the west, and they have one child, Claudia.

CHARLES -V. JACOliS, proprietor of the Perfection creamery and dairy, half a mile west of Touchet. is a pioneer of 1862, having been brought to this valley from Oregon by his parents in that year. His father crossed the plains to Oregon at a very early date, and was connectcil with the early development of various parts of the northwest until his death, which occurred in Walla Walla. His mother, now Mrs. J. H. Lasater, still lives in this city. Mr. Jacobs was born in Oregon in i860, was brought to the comity, as before stated, when two years old, and after a brief stay was taken to Boise, Idaho, where lie lived until 1870, and where he took his first steps in the pursuit of an education. He has, however, resided in this county since that date, ctjnipleting his public school training here. He began his career as a merchant at Touchet, but was abo interested in farming, so took up some land in the vicinity, and bought more from time to time until he is now the owner of eight hundred acres.

For al)out eigiit years past. Mr. Jaco1)S has I)een quite extensively engaged in the dairy business, and so important did his interests in tiiis industry become tiiat in 1897 he sold out his mercantile establishment that he might give his will lie time and attcntinn to it. He established a creamery in connection, and is now making about two hundred and twenty-five pounds of butter per week, lie keeps a fine herd of picked dairy cattle.

Mr. Jacobs is a bright, business-like man, wide awake to every opportunity to better his condition in life, and usually successful in what he undertakes. He was married in Touchct in i88_', to Miss Kachael Cummins, a native of Iowa, and they Iia\e a family of four children, Arthur M., Maljel R., .Mice R.. and Nellie M.

AMANDER M. NICHOLAS, a retired farmer, came to Walla Walla November 10. 1877. He was born at La Porte, Indiana, September i, 1854. In his infancy his jiarcnts removed to Fort Wayne, Indi;ma. where his father engaged in general express work, and where he received his erlucation. At the age of seventeen years, his father having died, he removed with his mother to Cerro Gordo, Piatt county, Illinois, anrl he was engaged at farm work for wages there until J 877, when he went to Kansas, seeking a place for settlement,

Not finding the country satisfactory, Mr. Nicholas came to Walla Walla, and shortly after his arrival engaged to work for Dr. Blalock, by whom he was employed in constructing a flume and on the farm for a periorl of eighteen months. 1 Ic then rented land and began farming for himself, following that indu.stry successfully for several years. In March. 1888, he purchased two hundred and fifteen acres of land six miles .southwest f)f Walla Walla, which he still owns, and in 1891 he purchased a cosy home in Walla \Valla, No. 353 NVest Maple street, where he now resides. He also owns two houses and three lots on Sprague and Chestnut streets, has a house and two lots on Seventh street and a fine house and lot on Seventh and Willow streets. He also owns a ten-acre tract near the O. R. & N. depot, on which he is constructing a small distillery which will soon be in operation.

Our subject is a member of the I. O. F., of Walla Walla, and also of the Fraternal Union of America. He was married in Walla Walla November 9, 1887, to Susan Bashore, a nati\-e of Ohio, whom he met in Illinois, and who came in the same immigrant party with him to Walla Walla. They have four children, Addie C, Alice M., Lillie B., and David D. l\Ir. Nicholas has been a school director of his district for two years in Oregon and i- an active friend of education.

J. FRED ROHN, a farmer, residing ten miles east of Walla Walla, was born in this county in 1871, so he has the distinction of being one of the comparatively few grown men who are sons of the Evergreen stale. He acquired his education in the public schools of this county, then worked on the farm for a time, but is now the owner of land of his own, and is engaged in business on his own account. His place is already fairly well improved, and, as a natural effect of his industry and toil, is rapidly being reduced to submission. He is engaged principally in raising wheat, but is also starting a fine young orchard, and is giving attention to other farm products. A young man of energy and ambition, he is speedily becoming one of the leading farmers of his section. He was married in Dayton. Wasliington. in 1894, to Miss Lnhi Beeson, and they have three children, Elmer F., Gladys M.. and John J.

IIOX. ALEX CAMERON, a farmer residing three miles southeast of Walla Walla, is a native of Rosshire. Scotland, born in 1834. He lived in his fatherland until eighteen years old, receiving the advantage of the thorough common schools for which Scotland is noted. In 1 85 J, ho\ve\er, he came to Quebec, Canada, and after a residence of about six months in that province he travelled quite extensively through Michigan, also visiting Cliicago. Cleveland and other cities in the neighboring states. When the Chicago, Burlington & Ouincy Railway Company began the construction of its road, he entered its employ, and remained with them for several months, but he at length quit their service, settled in Stark county, Illinois, ami turned his attention to farming. He was thus employed for eight or nine years, at the end of which time he went to Jefferson coimty, Iowa, and secured a position in the coal mines there located.

In April, 1863, Mr. Cameron set out across the plains to this county. He experienced some little trouble with the Indians, on account of their interfering with the stock, but fouuil them for the most part disposed to be friendly. For a year after his arrival in \\'alla \\"alla county he lived on a rented farm, but he then homesteaded a quarter section where he now resides. To this he has since added anotiier one-hundred-and-sixty-acre tract, acquired by pivrchase. and he is now engaged in raising wheat, barley, corn and other cereals. He has long been a prominent man in the local affairs of the county, ever manifesting a willingness to bear his portion of the public burdens, and to do what lie can for the promotion of the general welfare. For five years lie was road overseer and for about ten he had a place on the board of trustees of his district. In 1893, he was elected to represent his county in the state legislature.

While on his way to the west, he was married in Council Bluff's, to Miss Janet McRae. tiie ceremony being performed on May 18. 1863. Mr. and ilrs. Cameron became parents of nine children: John A.; Jane S., deceased; Daniel, deceased; Bessie, Belle, ^laggie, Jessie, George and Hattie. Mr. Cameron is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and tiie Modern Woodmen of America.

GEORGE DACRES. - The respected pioneer wliose name forms the caption of this article is a son of the Emerald Ish. the land from which came so many of the men whose restless energ}^ and resistless force have wrought the development of the Inland Empire. A man of great native ability, indomitable will power and above all of unswerving integrity. Mr. Dacres ranks among the "true and the tried" citizens of Walla Walla, and his faithfulness to every trust, public or private, which has been reposed in him has won him the esteem and confidence of the entire community.

^[r. Dacres was b.orn in 1829. He grew to man's estate and acquired his educational discipline in his Irish home parish, but with the advent of manhood came the desire to try his fortunes in the new world, so in 1849 ^^'^ fi"<i him embarking aboard a vessel bound for America. He landed in New York in due course ami in 1852 came thence via the isthmus route to California, where for five years lie served as a clerk in a store, thereafter coming to the state of Washington, whence in 1858 he n-ade a trip into the Fraser ri\-er region. Immediately upon his retnrn he entered the employ of the United States government as an assistant in making the survey between this state and Brit'sh Columbia, a task which kept him busy until i860.

From that date until about 1875 Mr. Dacres was employed in packing with mules into the various mining camps of this section, and since that date he has given his attention almost exclusively to farming. His methods in this industry have been conservati\e yet progressive, the sphere of his control gradually widening until at present he is the owner of one onethousand-acre tract, a portion of which is within the city limits of Walla and of real estate located elsewhere in the county sufficient to bring his entire holdings up to a grand aggregate of three thousand acres. In 1899 o"'' subject erected in Walla Walla the Hotel Dacres, the finest and liest equipped hotel in the city.

But it is not alone in material things that ]\Ir. Dacres' interest in the general well-being has found expression. He has ever manifested nuich concern for the social ad\-ancement of the city and taken an active part in promoting the cause of good local government, himself serving at one time for two years as a member of its city council. ]\Ir. Dacres has been twice married. In Walla Walla, in September, 1864, he wedded Margaret Russell, a native of Ireland, who died in this city in 1887, leaving two children, James and Mary. In 18S9 he was again marrie<l. the lady being Margaret Donnelly, also a native of Ireland, and she, too, l)assed away, after having Ijorne him his third child, George.

ROBERT 1 HOMPSON, a retired farmer, was one of the early pioneers of the Walla Walla valley. He was born in Ireland, July 17, 1827, but when he was but four years old his parents lirought him to the United States, arriving in 1831. They located in Center county. Pennsylvania, where his father engaged in iron mining. Here Robert spent his boyhood life and was educated.

In 1S46, with his parents, he removed to what was then the far west, settling on a claim near Dubuque, Iowa, which claim, when it was surveyed and placed on the market, they purchased from the government. In those early days of pioneer life in that country, they endured the privations common to early settlers. Their first cabin was built of logs, with the old fashioned, pnncheoned floor and clapboard roof, the entire structure being of oak, without a single nail to hold it together and the roof being held in place by ridgepoles.

The gold excitement in California lured Robert in 1853 to the Pacific coast. He crossed the plains with a four-horse team, making the trip from Omaha, Nebraska, to Beckwith valley, California, in a little less than three months, o-oine over the Truckee route. In the "76" camp on Jamieson creek, be worked in the mines for a month and nine days, for which he was not paid. Later he located in Deadwood camp, nine miles from ^'reka, where for three years he was engaged in placer mining, on his own account, with good results. He then decided to visit his parents in Iowa, so returned via the Panama route.

After his arrival in Iowa, he followed lead mining in that countrv, until 1864, when the attractions of the Pacific Coast country again induced him to cross the plains. This time he came via Salt Lake and the "Oregon trail," and settling in the Walla Walla valley, pur- chased a farm of one hundred and twenty acres below the army post and witliin a mile of the city of Walla Walla. ^Ir. Thompson lived on this farm for seventeen years, then sold out and removed into the town, building for himself and family a cozy home at Xo. 630 South Ninth street, where they have since resided. ]\lr. Thompson has always manifested a deep interest in the public schools and was school clerk of his district for several years, in that and other ways aiding largely in the creation of the present splendid school system of Walla Walla.

]Mr. Thompson was married in Dubuque. Iowa. April 19, i860, to Miss ]\LTry H. ]\Iallow, who was born in New Madrid county, Missouri, and has accompanied her husband in all of his travels since their marriage, crossing the plains with him in 1864. They have four children living: Sarah E., wife of James Johnson, of Caldwell, Idaho; Emma J., wife of Marshall J. Lowden. a farmer on lower Dry creek; Esther J.; George H., a resident of Walla Walla; also Alary C. deceased. Mr. Thompson and wife are members of the Congregational church of \^'alla Walla.

CHARLES B. RICHARDSON, a carpenter and builder at Waitsburg, is a pioneer of 1874. He was born in Maine in December, 1854, and remained in the Pine Tree state until eighteen years old, acquiring a public-school education and also learning the trade of carpenter. In 1872 he came to California, and, settling in San Francisco, began the pursuit of his handicraft there. After remaining two years he moved north to Tacoma to become one of the builders for the Northern Pacific Railroad Company, by which he was employed steadily for several years. He afterwards worked for the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company, helping to build their road from ^^'allula Junction to Dayton.

Quitting their service in 1881, Mr. Richardson came direct to \\'aitsburg, bought a quarter section four miles west of the town and began farming. But. though he was a farmer for three years, he did not give up his trade entirely, but worked at it betimes, erecting the public school building and many other of the finest structures in the town. For several years he has followed his handicraft exclusively, having sold his farm in 1884.

Air. Richardson enjoys an enviable standing in the city with which he has been identified so long and in which he has ever taken a deep interest. He v.as once called upon to represent his district in the city council, and while in that office he used all the power that was vested in him for what his judgment told him was for the highest welfare of the town. In the state of Michigan, on October 15. 1884, Mr. Richardson married Aliss Martha E. Towsley, a native of Alichigan, born April 6, 1861. Airs. Richardson is one of the leading ladies in her neighborhood, and for fifteen years was a successful milliner here. She is affiliated with the Artisans, and the \\'omen of Woodcraft, and Air. Richardson is identified with the Ancient Order of United ^^'orkmen and the \\'oodnien of the World. The family live in an elegant home of their own in Waitsburg.

JOHN P. SEITZ, a farmer near Walla Walla, is a native of Germany, born in 1826. He spent his early youth in the land of his nativity, receiving a common-school education, but when nineteen years old emigrated to

America. He locatej first in Xew Orleans, where for a brief period he followed the trade of a blacksmith. Subsequently, however, he came north to Illinois, and worked at his handicraft there for two years longer. Thence he went to Gentry county, Missouri, where the ensuing fourteen years of his life were passed. He afterwards moved to Jackson county, in the same state, and farmed there uninterruptedly for twenty years.

Mr. Seitz then came out to \\'alla Walla, arriving in 1887, and settled first on Birch creek, but before long he negotiated the purchase of a three-hundred-and-twent_\--acre farm three and a half miles southeast of Walla Walla, and upon this he has ever since lived. He is engaged principally in the production of wheat and alfalfa. He is one of the most highly esteemed men in his community, and enjoys the confidence and good will of all his neighbors. In 1867, while still in the state of ^Missouri, he was married to Aliss Lydia Chambers, a native of that state, and they have three children, namely: James P.; George G. ; and ]\Iinnie, now ]\Irs. John C. ^Martin.

CHARLES W. PHILLIPS, a florist and nurseryman of Walla Walla, is a son of William and Pauline (Roland) Phillips. He was born in Salem, Oregon, May 27, 1855, and at the age of five years was brought by his parents to Walla \\'alla, where he grew to manhood and has since resided. He was educated in Whitman Seminary and later attended the Bishop Scott Grammar School, of Portland, Oregon, where he took a preparatory course with the intention of entering Yale College, but was prevented from doing so by

After his father's death J\Ir. Phillips assisted his mother in managing the deceased's estate until 1881, but he then engaged in the hardware business in La Grande and Island City, Union county, Oregon, in which he continued four years. Selling out then, he returned to \\'alla Walla, where he entered into the business of landscape gardening and floriculture, an indu-try which he has followed ever since. He has splendid green houses, a large garden and several acres of ornamental nursery stock. He has recently shipped very largely from Portland and has the largest florist establishment in the county. He has done all of the landscape gardening for the finest hd^nes in the city and adjoining towns, and will have charge of lay.'ng oft and ornamenting the city park.

iMr. Phillips was married at Aleacham Toll Gate, in the Blue Mountains, to Miss Xellie S. Rockfellovv', a native of Oregon, and they now have eight children, William R., Charles F., Pauline, Harriet, Edgar H., Esther F., Richard B. and Rodney },I. The six older ones are in school in Walla Walla. iMr. Phillips and his entire family are members of St. Paul's Episcopal church, of Walla Walla.

In the Xez Perce Indian war of 1877 Mr. Phillips and his brother Frank E. were scouts and couriers under General O. O. Howard. They ne\er failed in a mission or received a wound, which speaks well for their knowledge of the country and of Indian character and methods of warfare. iMr. Phillips was one of the first to respond to Goverr.or Ferry's call for volunteers in 1878, after the beginning of the Bannock war. He was a member of the company of volunteers commanded by

Captain Cliarles Painter, which, togetiier witli a company of regulars under Major Cress, patrolled the Columbia ri\er and repeatedly preventeil the Indians from crossing the river from the south, joining Chief Moses' band and getting into BriLish territory. They had several severe engagements with the Indians, cai)turing their horses and dri\'ing them back isouth, where they were finally captured.

Mr. Phillips decorated the Spokane Industrial Exposition in 1899 with fruits, grains and grasses. He gathered and arranged the Walla Walla county exhibit for the Paris Exposition in 1900, and is to furnish the fruits, grasses and grains for the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York, in 1901. He also gathered the county exhiljit wliich attractsd'so much attenti(.)n at the XWirld's Fair in Chicago in 1893, and is acknowledged to be one of the most thorough antl relial)le men in that line in this country.

Mr. Phillips will soon have published a book of poems whicli he has compileil under the iioiii cic phiDic of Jo Keon, and on which he has the endorsement of Joaquin Miller, who recently \-ijited him in his home and read his work.

The father of our subject was one of Walla Walla's most respected and progressive citizens, arriving as early as i860, when he engaged in the hardware business. In 1865 he built the Walla Walla foundry and machine shops, which he operated in connection with his hardware business until the time of his death. He also had branch hardware stores in Bannock City and Placerville. Idaho, where he did a lucrative business with the mines. He was frecjuently urged to accept official position, but always refused. He was always liberal in his gifts to all worth}^ enterprises, both religious and charitable, and was noted for his broad-minded public spirit. His death occurred IMarch 2, 1873, and Walla Walla then lost one of her most enterprising, farseeing and worthy citizens, and one who had friends among all, enemies among none except the lawless element which he was always active in suppressing.

RE\'. OBADIAH OSBORX, a preacher ar.d farmer, residing seven miles northwest of Walla Walla, on Dry creek, was born in Exeter, Scott countv. lllinc;is. in 1835. He accjuired his early education in the ])ublic schools of his native town, where the first S2venteen years of his life were spent. In 1852 he crossed the plains with ox-teams to the Willamette valley, and there the ensuing thirteen years of his life were passed. He spent two years in Willamette L'niversity as a student and two in the ministry, but the remainder of the time was de\'nte<I to farming.

\\'hen. in 1865, our sul)ject came to ^\'alla \\'alla \alley he did so for the purpose of taking charge of a circuit as its pastor, and he has preached a great deal of the time since. He now has charge of the Lnited Brethren work in Walla Walla and at other places throughout the county, but such is his capacity for labor that he is also able to supervise bis mamn'oth farm, and to take a lively interest and a leading ]Kirt in political campaigns. In 1869 he purchased four hundretl acres between Mill creek and Russell creek, also added one hundred and twenty acres to a tract he had previously bought in Oregon, a short distance southeast of Walla Walla. These interests he sold in 1875. only to [lurchase a fi\e-hundredand-twenty-acre tract where his place of residence now is. He has bought adjoining places from time to time until he is now the owner of one thousand six hundred and eighty acres. For years he has liantlled a large number of horses, and at present he has about two hun- .dred head, besides one hundred and fifty head of cattle.

Few men in the county have manifested their interest in the pubhc weal in so many A\ays. Mr. Osborn has been for years a leader in politics, in religion and in the material development of the county. For two terms he served his denomination in the capacity of presiding elder, and twice he stumped the county in political campaigns. Once he was the candidate of his party for the legislature, but was defeated. And with all these interests he has yet found time for local duties such as serving as road supervisor, etc.

Mr. Osborn has been twice married. In 1857. in the state of Oregon, he wedded Sarah Ann McCain, who died in 1859. Of this union one child was born, but it died when only nine m.onths old. In 1864 he was again married, the lady being Mary C. !Ma\-field. a native of Tennessee, who crossed the plains in 1862, and they have one child. Dollie Frances, now Mrs. Charles I. Dean.

WOODSOX CUMMIXS. a farmer and stock raiser two miles west of Touchet, a pioneer of 1862, was born in Iowa July 6. 1855. He was. however, practically reared in the northwest, having been brought here by his parents when only seven years old. His first home in the new country- was located seven miles southeast of Walla Walla, where his father was engaged in farming and stock raising until 1870. iMr. Cummins received the advantages of the local public schools, then

When he was about fifteen years old his father and family left their original abiding place and procured land in the vicinity of Touchet, where iMr. Cummins now lives, and has lived ever since except for a period of three years spent in Oregon. He is now the owner of the old home place of six hundred and forty acres, besides considerable other land in the county. He is unquestionably one of the verj- best and most prosperous farmers in the valley, and evidences of his thrift and energy- are everywhere to be seen about his premises. He has a fine dwelling house and commodious and capacious barns and outbuildings, and a goodly supply of machiner}- and implements essential to convenient and successful farming. He keeps about sixty head of cattle, but makes a specialty of producing alfalfa hay, fourteen car-loads of which he this year ( 1900) shipped to Idaho.

'Sir. Cummins has always taken an active interest in the affairs of the county, and is ever read}- to exert his infiuence for what he deems the best interests of the general public. He was married in Union county, Oregon, September 12, 1880, to Z\Iiss J. J. Weaver, a native of Missouri, whose father was one of the earliest settlers on the Touchet river, near Waitsburg. They have five children, Hettie J., Clarence E., Walter R.. Lela M. and Elmer R.

WILLIA:M p. RESER. a farmer four miles southeast of Walla Walla, was born in Quincy, Illinois, in 1843. \\'hen two years old he was taken by. his parents to Missouri, where he grew to man's estate and received his education. In 1863 lie crossed the plains to Walla Walla, making the six months' trip in the customary prnnitive fashion of that period, and for ten or twelve years after his arrival he followed the dual occupation of farming and freighting. He then devoted his energies to farming and sheep raising, in which two industries he lias heen employed ever since. In 1867 he homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres, where he now resides, and to this he has been adding at different times since until he now has a tract of si.xteen hundred and twenty acres, on which he is raising wheat and barley principally, though he also keeps about one hundred h^^ad of cattle and one hundred and fifty head of horses. He also has ten thousand sheep, which he pastures on the Touchet and Snake rivers, on each of which he has about seven thousand acres of land. He is also the owner of about six thousand acres of mountain land in Umatilla county, Oregon, where he summers his flocks.

^Ir. Reser is one of the most thrifty and progressive farmers of the county, and one Avho has contributed no small share to the industrial development of this portion of the Inland Empire. He has also for many years taken a leading part in the political campaigns of the county and state, and ranks as one of the representative men of his party. He served one term as county commissioner, and in the campaign of 1900 was the nominee of the Democrats for the state senatorship, to which he was elected with a plurality of about five hundred votes, winning the distinction of being the only Democrat in the county successful in the last campaign.

Mr. Reser married, in Missouri, in 1863, Miss Emma Gray, who died Jilay 16, 1895, leaving four children: Clara; Annie; Frank, who died August 28, 1896; and Philip. He was married again in L'matilla county, Oregon, in 1897, to Miss Linda Davis, a member of a pioneer family of this county, and to them has been born one child, Bvron.

:MRS. ANNIE McC. MIX. - In the compilation of the biographical department of this history of Walla Walla county there is manifest propriety in incorporating a review of the life of Mrs. Mix, who is one of the honored pioneers of the city of Walla Walla an^I the widow of one who was for many years one of the representative citizens of this place, wliere his demise occurred. Mrs. Mix, whose maiden name was Anna Dwight. was born in t'.ie famed old Crescent city. Xew Orleans, Louisiana, in the year 1831. At the age of six years she entered the excellent school at Bethlehem, Louisiana, where she continued her studies for about six years, after which she returned to her home, and th.ere continued her educational discipline under most favorable auspices.

There also, in the year 1849, ^^''^s solemnized her marriage to James D. Mix, who was born in Georgetown, \^irginia, in 18 18, being, like his wife, a representative of sterling old southern families. He accompanied his parents b) New Orleans in his early cliildhood, and there he was reared and educated, preparing himself for the legal profession and engaging in the practice of law in New Orleans until he had attained the age of thirty years. During the Mexican war he was engaged in contracting in that country, being successful in his efforts along this line. At the cl -se of hostilities he returned to New Orleans, where he was married and where he remained four years, alter which, in company with his wife, he made the long journey to San Francisco, California, by tlie isthmus route, the vessel landing at the Golden Gate in due course of time, the date of arrixal in the new Eldorado being about May, 1854, this being at a time when the gold excitement was still at its height.

j\lr. Mix was engaged in the practice of his profession in San Francisco for a period of two years, after which he removed to Shasta, that state, where he was in practice for a number of years, being one of the leading attorneys and representative citizens of the locality and being accorded marked preferment in the gift of the public, having served in the offices of district attorney and pri_>bate judge.

In the year 1863 j\lr. and Mrs. Mix became residents of Walla ^Valla. with whose history both were destined to be conspicuously identified, aiding materially in its progress and material upbuilding. Here Mr. Mix remained until the hour of his death, which occurred on the 6th of June, 1S81. He was a man of marked ability and distinct individuality, impressing himself upon the community and gaining precedence in public affairs and in the work of his profession. He was for many years one of the leading members of the Democratic party in the territory, being frequently the standardbearer of the same. He was twice a member of the territorial legislature, and in 1870 was the Democratic nominee for delegate to congress, his defeat being primarily due to the opposition of the citizens of the Puget Sound district, who spared no effort to elect a candidate of their own section for many years, as is previously noted. Mr. Mix also served a^ city attorney and as a member of the city council of Walla Walla, and after his term had expired in tlie latter office he became extensively engaged in farming and stock-raising, having become the owner of much valuable agricultural land in the vicinity of his home. He left to

To Mr. and Mrs. Mix three children were born, - Sallie, wlm is now the wife of Major O. I. Converse ; and William A. and Stonewall \V., who are largely interested in mining operations. Mrs. ^lix still retains her residence ir. the attracti\-e family home in W'alla Walla, where a gracious hosiiitality has ever been extended, and over which she has presided with grace and dignity for a long term of years. She owns much valuable realty in Walla Walla, including a business block at the corner of Birch and Second streets, and the Palace Hotel property, a substantial brick building of modern architectural design. She is well known and highly esteemed in the city where so manv years of her life have been passed, and, while a true daug'hter of the sunny south, her deepest and most hallowed memories cluster about the old home here. In an incidental way it is interesting to recall the fact that Mrs. Mix had the distinction of being the owner of the first family sewing machine bruuglit into the citv of San Francisco.

A. J. FIX, a pioneer of the west of 1857, at present a farmer li\ing four and a half miles southeast of Walla Walla, is a native of Ohio, born in 1840. He ^as, however, reared and educated in Claire county, Illinois, whither he was taken by his parents when five years old. In March, 1857, he started across the plains to the west, traveling with ox-teams. He stopped a brief period in Li\ingston county, Missouri, but in May set out again, making the journey without casualties, though a train only six miles ahead oi him was massacred, only three persons escaping alive, and one of these, a woman, had been scalped.

Mr. Fix remained a while in California, then came north to Hillsboro, Oregon, where for tiie ensuing four years he was engaged in farming. In 1862 he made a trip into the Florence mining region, in Idaho, but returned in time to pass the winter in Hillsboro. During the summer of 1863. however, he came to Walla Walla county, whence, for the next three or four years, he made freighting trips to different outlying districts. In 1865 he took a pre-emption near Dixie, and this was his home till the spring of 1890, when he purchased a four-hundred-and-eighty-acre farm near Walla Walla, and began farming there. He is a thrifty, progressive man, and one of the most enterprising farmers in his section. He is also a thresherman, and keeps a machine at work on his own wheat and that of his neighbors during the harvest season. Publicspirited and ever ready to contribute his mite to the general welfare, he has served for several years as road supervisor and as a member of the board of school trustees.

Mr. Fix was married in Walla Walla county in the fall of 1866, to Xancy M. Sanders, a native of Indiana, and a pioneer of 1865. They have had eight children : Roderick R., deceased; Wayne W. ; Arminda L. ; Milam R., deceased; Weldon T. ; Maude; Mabel, deceased; and Take E.

JOHN SIXGLETOX, now deceased, was a pioneer of the Walla Walla valley, coming here in 1857. He was born in county Cork, Ireland, in 1824, and received a private-school education. April 22. 1S47, '" Queen's county, Ireland, he married Miss Frances Jane Gowan. and in 1849 they came to America and settled in New York. He at once enlisted in the L'nited States army and was sent to Texas as quartermaster's clerk .under Major Belger. The command was stationed in the Alamo, at San Antonio, Texas, his office being in the very room where Colonel Davie Crockett was killed. He remained in Texas in the United States service six years, then was discharged and returned to Washington, D. C-, where he served for six months as a clerk in iht old arsenal.

Mr. Singleton then went to Baltimore, and in 1856 again enlisted for service on the Pacific coast, believing the change would benefit hiis failing health. He came via Panama to \ ancouver, where he was stationed ten months. His company afterwards took part in the war against the Yakima Indians and had several sharp engagements with them in the Cascade mountains. The whites were led by Captain Winder and the Indians by Chief Camiachan. After subduing the Indians, Captain Winder's command built a fort and remained in the Cascades about a year, afterwards being transferred to The Dalles. Oregon, and thence in the spring of 1857 to Fort Walla Walla. Here iMr. Singleton remained in the service until 1 86 1, when he was honorably discharged.

While he was serving as a soldier here the Indians of several tribes joined in their hostile efforts to prevent Captain iMullen opening an emigrant and military road across the Rocky and Coeur d'Alene mountains to the Columbia nver. Mr. Singleton was in the command of Colonel Steptoe which met the allied savages in the memorable engagement of Steptoe Butte, which lasted several days. The whites, being largely outnumbered, suffered a disastrous defeat and were driven back to the Snake river in great disorder. In this engagement Mr. Singleton had a very narrow escape from death. He became separated from his comrades, in the re- treat, and after wandering aronnd nearly all night came npon a squad of friendly Nez Perce Lidians, who conducted him to the Clearwater river, ferried him across and directed him to the camp of his company, who had reported him to his wife as dead. Colonel Wright soon came up from The Dalles with a thousand men and, reinforced by the troops at Walla Walla, began an active campaign against the Indians. In a short time he had scattered, captured or killed the entire force. Some were hanged in the mountains, but the most noted leaders were brought to Walla Walla, where seven of them were hanged in public in the rear of the garrison. During his service in Fort \Willa Walla Air. Singleton did most of the work of keeping the records of the post, in the performance of which duty he was compelled to use the old-fashioned ([uill pen.

Mrs. Singleton had purchased a squatter's right of Captain Pierce, and to this, on being discharged fronn the army, Mr. Singleton repaired. We may mention that the money received for this right by Captain Pierce enabled him to open the Oro Fino mining district, of which he was the first prospector. Mr. Singleton died on the farm December 28, 1893, but Mrs. Singleton still resides on the old home place, which is now within the city limits of Walla Walla. She is seventy-four years of age, but has the clear mind and vivid memory of a person many years younger. Six children were born in the Singleton home : Catherine, widow of Thomas Tierney, and a resident of San Francisco; Frank E. ; William H., deceased; Elizabeth; Eudora M., a comixjsitor on the La Grande Sentinel; Esther Belle, wife of J. W. Brooks, an attorney of Walla \\'alla. Mr. and Mrs. Singleton always held to the Catholic faith.

OLIVER DE WITT. - It is hardly possible to overestimate the magnanimity, force of character and wealth of worth which have made the pioneers of Walla Walla county, taken as a class, the recipients of the esteem and honor of all in whose bosoms a sincere love for the heroic finds lodgment. Possessed of all the characteristics which made the Puritan famous, except the deep-seated religious fervor, and not wholly devoid of that, they were superior to that honored race in the breadth of their sympathies and charity.

To affirm, therefore, that our subject was a pioneer and that a very early one, is in itself almost equivalent to an assertion of his strength of purpose, integrity and real grandeur of character, it being only necessary to add that the gentleman in question is a worthy representative of the honored class to which he belongs.

Mr. Dewitt made his ad\ent onto the stage of this life in the good old state of Ohio, the date of his birth being Jantiary 7, 1847, but shortly after his fifth year had been completed he was removed by his parents to Iowa, in which commonwealth he received his educational discipline. When only seventeen years old a desire to try his fortunes in the west took hold of his being, and on the anniversary of the nation's Ijirth, 1864, we find him in Walla Walla valley, ha\-ing traversed the trail of many moons behind a pair of patient oxen. His first home in the county was at a point about six miles nearly due w-est of Walla Walla, and the first industry which engaged his energies was freighting, a business which he followed uninterruptedly until 1S78. He then decided to try a line of enterprise which would allow him to enjoy the comforts of home life, so turned his attention to farming and stock raising. He purchased a tract of land al)out eight miles north of the county seat, to wliich he has added betimes since until he is now the possessor of a fine farm of fi\e hundred acres. His industry and energy have worked out for him an abundant industrial success, his property interests including not only his farm, but considerable city realty and a share in more than one of cur most promising mines.

]\Ir. Dewitt has been .several times called upon to perform the duties of local and county offices, and in 1887 the electors of the county testified to the confidence and esteem in which they held him by nominating him as their representati\-e to the territorial legislature.

On Alay 31, 1874, in the city of Walla ^Valla, i\Ir. Dewitt was married, the lady who became his wife being iMiss America A. Roft, a native of iNIissouri. The issue of their union is four children, namely: Ella, wife of G. E. Hobbs; Harry E., in Umatilla county, Oregon; Arthur C. ; and Essie R., wife of Clifford Hughes, of ^^'alla Walla. The family reside in a comfortable and elegantly furnished home at 601 East Sumach street. Mr. and iNIrs. Dewitt affiliate with the Methodist Episcopal church of Walla \\'al]a.

REV. P. B. CHAiNIBERLAIN, deceased, one of the earliest pioneer missionaries of the coast, was born in Earre, Vermont, October 16, 1824. He attended the public schools of iiis native town and later the academic school at Derby, ^'ermont, receiving his professional training in the theological seminary of Bangor, iMaine, from which institution he graduated in 1855. He began his ministerial labors in Oregon as a home missionary of the Congregational churches, having come to the Pacific coast via Panama in the fall of 1855.

Taking charge of the First Congregational church of Portland, Mr. Chamberlain continued to serve as its pastor for the ensuing eight years, then, after traveling and teaching for about a twelvemonth, he came to Walla Walla, where he set vigorously to work to establish a church. He erected, entirely at his own expense, a building suitable in every respect for a place of worship, but it was destroyed by fire in 1866. The citizens of Walla Walla tlien built the present church and presented it to him, but he afterwards deeded it over to the Congregational Association.

For sixteen years our subject labored faithfully and zealously for the spiritual and moral elevation of ^^"alla \\'alla, and the good that he has done can never be fully known this side the great beyond. On October 31, 1889, he was called to his reward.

Mr. Cfiamberlain was married in Derby, ^'ermont, ^n August 16, 1855, to Miss Alice E. Abbott, a native of Hatley, Quebec. They became parents of four children: Alice C, wife of Ira Small, a farmer near Lewiston; Felicia li., wife of Dr. A. L. Willis, of Walla Walla; Mary E., a graduate of Whitman College and a teacher; and Edward P., deceased.

i\Irs. Chamberlain was herself a very prominent missionary lad_\- in pioneer days. She was brought from her native province to Derby, Vermont, while quite young, her parents desiring to get away from the Canadian rebellion of 1837, and she became a schoolmate of :\Ir. Chamberlain's at Derby, Vermont. After completing her course there she taught in Vermont and New Hampshire about eight vears.- She and iMr. Chamberlain started for

Finding no schools in ^\'a^a \\'alla at the time of their arrival, Mrs. Chamberlain at once prepared to educate her own children at home, and the residents, learning of this, deisired her to do what she could for some of theirs also. Soon the attendance became so large that a more commodious buildaig was required, and they removed to the church, which had been so constructed that it could be used for school purposes also without inconvenience. After the fire, above referred to, the school was conducted in the building in which j\lrs. Chamberlain now resides, until eventually removed to the building on Whitman College grounds, now known as "Ladies' Hall."

After its removal the school was named for the first time, its appellation being Whitman Seminary. The Rev. P. B. Chamberlain was its first superintendent, and iSIrs. Chamberlain was one of its first teachers. They watched over the infant institution carefully, guarding it as a tender plant, until some of its most trying times were passed, then turned it over to Father Fells. This is in jjrief the origin of the now far-famed Whitman College. Mrs. Chamberlain is certainly to be congratulated on the grand results which have followed from her humble efforts to "do what she could."

JOHX L. RESER, deceased, a pioneer of 1863, was born in the state of New York in 1823. He was early taken to Michigan, in which state and in Illinois he was reared and educated. In 1845 he removed to Missouri, and he was engaged in farming in that state until, in 1863, he started across the plains to Walla Walla county, during which trip he lost his daughter, Mary, on the North Platte river. He took a homestead here and again began farming, but did not, however, devote his entire time to that pursuit, giving much attention to other duties. An intensely philanthropic man, he labored with might and main for the good of his fellows, taking a very active interest in church and educational work. During a part of his time he was a local preacher, and part of the time he traveled in the same calling. For several years he was county superintendent of schools, and discharged the duties of that office with characteristic faithfulness and ability.

Mr. Reser was married in Illinois in 1841, to Miss Clarisa Callaway, a native of Maryland, and they became parents of thirteen children, namely: \\'illiam, Leah Ann, Elvira, Susan, Henry, Louisa, Augusta, Edward L., James, Julia, Mary, John and Laura. Of these Susan, James and Laura are buried in Walla Walla, Elvira at Kingston, Missouri, and Henry at Memphis, IMissouri. Mary, as above stated, died on the trip across the plains, and the remainder of the children are still living. Mr. and Mrs. Reser sleep in the ^^'alla ^^'alla cemetery.

EDGAR A. DORRIS, a pioneer of 1878. was born in Illinois May 2, 1862. He lived there seven years, then resided in Kansas and Missouri until 1878, when he started across the plains with teams to Washington. His party was surrounded by Indians on the Snake ri\er and besieged for a month. After relief arrived Mr. Dorris came to Walla Walla, where he worked on a farm for ^^^ P. Sturgis, Tom Evans and Mr. Jones for two and a half years. He afterwards engaged in farming for himself, near by, following that occupation uninterruptedly until 1891, when he removed to the Palouse country. He farmed there two years, then went to Harrison, Idaho, to become engineer of a saw-mill in that town. He was in the lumbering industry until 1S96, when he came to Walla Walla again and turned his attention to railroading. For a short time he w-as one of the partners in the Fourth street fish and poultry market.

]\Ir. Dorris is a man of enterprise and ability, and possesses the faculty of succeeding in whatever he undertakes. He is quite a lodge man, being connected with both the M. \W. A. and the L O. R. M. On December 25, 1887, he w-as married in Walla Walla to Miss Leola Estoup, a native of Umatilla county, Oregon, whose father, Mitchell Estoup, came west in an early day as a member of the American Fur Company. Mr. and Mrs. Dorris are parents of five children, Ida L., Rena A.. Elzata, Alice and Oscar L. Mrs. Dorris' father is a native of France, about sixty-seven years of age.

SERGEANT JOHN C. SMITH, farmer, a very early pioneer of the w'est, was born in New- Jersey, in i8j8, and in that state the tirst eighteen years of his life were passed and ais education obtained. In 1846 he sailed with his uncle, an employee of the American Fur Company, to the Pacific coast. He lived in California for a time, but in 184S he came north to Oregon, whence he soon departed into the mining region of California again. He was there until 1850, reaping very rich harvests, and making money at times with well nigh incredible rapidity.

Returning to Oregon Sergeant Smith engaged in raising horses and cattle, but, in 1853, he removed to Walla Walla, where he continued his former business of rearing mules, cattle and horses. He purchased land in this vicinity, and now owns six hundred or seven hundred acres. Of late years he has given his attention to raising wheat and hay mostly, though he still raises some stock, especially thoroughbreds. He has long been a prominent man in the county, working earnestly for its welfare, and twice representing it in the legislature. Indeed, he was one of the men to whom Walla Walla county owes its organization.

Being so long a resident on the Pacific coast he has, as we might expect, experienced his share of Indian warfare. He participated ill the Rogue river and Kayouse wars, earning the title of sergeant in the latter struggle. Prominent alike in peace and war, in the days \\iien the country was in a state of barbarism and in the days since civilization has brought its blessings to the wild west, Mr. Smith deserves and receives the applause and good will of the country he has so efficiently helped to redeem.

In fraternal affiliations our subject is identified with the Oregon Pioneer Association, and with the Indian War Veterans. He married, in Walla Walla, in 1865, Amanda Sheets, also a pioneer of a very early date, and they have eight children, - John A.. Delia, Marguerite, Edward, Mabel, Bessie, Hattie and Genie.

JONATHAN PETTYJOHN. - This venerable pioneer and respected and influential citizen of Walla Walla county was born in Ohio in 1827. He lived there until ten years old, tlien acconipanieil the remainder of tlic family to Illinois, where he remained until 1849. In that year he moved further west, and the following- year he came on to California, crossing the plains by ox-teams. After residing in the Golden state for a twelvemonth, he came north to Oregon, whence, in 1859, he removed to Prescott, Washington, where his home has ever since been. He homesteaded a quarter section of land, also availed himself of his pre-emption and timber culture rights, securing by this means four hundred and eighty acres from the govcrniuent.

By making good and skillful use of the land thus acquired, he so augmented his wealth as to enable him to purchase more, and he kept adding to his holdings from time to time until he liecanie the owner of a mammoth threethousand-acre farm. Unlike many Walla Walla county ranchmen, he has given little or no attention to wheat culture, confining his attention almost entirely to the more attractive and under favorable circumstances more lucrative business of rearing cattle and horses. In this industry he has been unusually successful.

In the early days it was quite common for Indian scares to spring up in different parts of the valley, and the thoroughly terrified people would leave their homes and farms and fly for refuge to Walla Walla, remaining until the real or imaginary war-clouds had cleared away. At all such times. Air. Pettyjohn and his family were among the few who refused to become refugees until they were sure that the necessity for flight existed, and the fact that they are alive and well to-day is pretty good evidence that they were never seriously .mistaken in their reading of Indian character and their penetration of Indian intentions.

assumed the role of political leadership, and at such times has exhibitetl rare sagacity, acumea and skill. He was once the nominee of his party for representative in the territorial legislature, but was not on the victorious side. At one time also he held the important local office of justice of the peace. It may be of interest to mention in this connection as indicating theextent of our subject's connection with Pacific Coast matters, that he three times voted on the question of adopting or rejecting constitutions for proposed new states, in each instance voting in the affirmative, the constitutions of California, Oregon and Washington all being recipients of his support at the polls. Mr. Pettyjohn gave evidence of his public-spirit and interest in what he concei\-ed to be for the general welfare, by suing out an injunction restraining the county commissioners from voting a bonus of three hundred thousand dollars to a proposed new railroad, and he proved to all who are cognizant of the facts in the casethat he is a man who "stands four S(|uare toevery wind" by refusing a large sum offered' as a species of bribe to induce him to raise theinjunction.

In 1853 was solemnized the marriage of our subject and ^liss Hannah Warner, a native of Indiana. Mrs. Pettyjohn died in January, 1892, after having borne him eight children, seven sons and one daughter.

BREWSTER FERREL, a pioneer of 1864, was born in Trumbull county, Ohio, .\ugust 22, 1838. When quite young he was taken by his parents to Athens county, where he took the initial step in his education. In 1853 the fainily removed to Wayne county, Iowa, and here Mr. Ferrel completed his com- iiion-school course. On attaining liis majority he engaged in farming on his own account, following that occupation there until twentylive years of age.

Coming then across the plains to Walla Walla county. Mr. Ferrel homesteaded one lumdred and sixty acres of land eight miles east of town on Russell creek, which he still owns. It forms the nucleus of his fine twelvelumdred-and-fifty-acre farm, on which he is now raising crops of wheat and barley. He is also the owner of a one-thousand-acre tract of pasture land, and upon this he indulges liis fancy for raising thoroughbred Jersey cattle. He also owns thirty acres just beyond the Walla Walla race course, and one hundred and twenty acres in Oregon, besides some real -estate in Seattle.

When it is remembered that ^Ir. Ferrel started without means, a mere mention of his various properties conveys some idea of his thrift, energ)- and ability, for he has wrought his own way in the world entirely unaided. The fact that he served as school director for -thirty years is conclusive evidence that he is a firm believer in the utility of education. We may mention in passing that Mr. Ferrel at one time harvested with a Haynes Hauser combineil harvester one thousand and eight sacks of wheat in ten hours, thereby winning the distinction of beating all other known records.

Our subject was marnci-i in Iowa, on iu> twenty-third birthday, to Miss Caroline Bott, a native of Zanesville, Ohio, and they have seven children: Thomas J., a farmer; Rosalie E.. wife of W". S. Barnett; Seth A., on the stock farm; David B.. managing the wheat farm: Joseph W'., also on the farm; Fidelia C. wife of Charles Maxson; and ^linnie ^L, with her parents.