Clark County, Wisconsin - Biographical sketches, 1918 (part 15 of 18)

Mr. And Mrs. J. M. Winters T. M. And W. J. Winters

(Hitchcock) Winters. The father was a native of New York State, born on a farm, and a millwright by trade. He served three years as a soldier in the Civil War and, subsequently, came to Waupaca County, Wis., where he was married and followed his trade. Six weeks after the birth of his son, Thomas, or in November, 1867, he came to Clark County, the party consisting of himself and wife, the child, Thomas M., Mrs. John M. Winters' mother, an uncle, Thomas Hitchcock, and two sisters of Mrs. J. M. Winters, Jennie and Marie Hitchcock. The journey was made with a wagon and team. The country was so wild that they had to cut their road for a part of the way, and in coming down the steep hills had to tie trees to the rear of the wagon to act as a brake. John M, Winters located first in Section 2, Washington Township, where he had homesteaded 160 acres of land, and there he built a shanty 18 by 20 feet in size, with sloping roof. From that place he removed later to a tract of eighty acres in Section 4, one mile north of where the Shortville store is now located, which land was also wild. On this latter claim he built a log house the same as his first, but with shake roof and consisting of two rooms and a pantry, the floor being made of rough boards. The barn was 16 by 30 feet, constructed on logs. with shanty roof. As the uncle, Thomas Hitchcock, owned the team that had brought them all to Clark County, Mr. Winters had nothing but his hands with which to begin work, and it was eight years before he got a team of his own. He might have accomplished this sooner, perhaps, but for the fact that for most of his time he was employed as a timber locator, not being able to devote much attention to his farm. At the end of the period mentioned he put up a sawmill on Cunningham Creek in Section 4, Washburn Township. The mill was run by waterpower, and he conducted it for about ten years. He also dammed up the creek that the loggers might be able to float down their logs, and for this water privilege they paid him arental. Quite frequently, also, he worked for the camps. Later, he gave more attention to his farm, doing carpenter work at intervals, and in time succeeded in clearing thirty acres, also erecting good buildings. On this place he is still living, having now reached the venerable age of 90 years. His wife is also living at the age of 67. During his active career, John M. Winters was a prominent man in his township, serving as assessor for two years and as township clerk for five or six years. He was also one of the organizers of School District No. 1, his wife being interested in the work of the Presbyterian Church. Thomas M. Winters grew up on his parents' farm, and at the age of 16 years was employed as a log driver on the river and lumbering. When 21, and industrially independent, he went to work in the stave mill of Lee Archer, located in Section 10, Washburn Township, but two or three months later left that occupation and returned to the woods, being engaged in logging and lumbering for four years. He then worked one year in the old Boyington mill, being employed as foreman. At the end of that time he resolved to try farming, and being now ready to take up the responsibilities of domestic life, was united in marriage with Jennie Short, daughter of James Short, a pioneer of Washburn Township. He and his wife located on a farm of eighty acres in Section 3, this township, of which tract five or six acres were cleared, there being a house and barn on the property. With the aid of a horse team he began the work of improvement, and in time got forty acres cleared and a better house and barn built. Three years ago he sold that property, for which he paid $650, for $3,300, and then bought his present tract of 160 acres in Section 5. Previously, however, he had purchased the store at Shortville, with an acre of land, and built a barn there. On his present farm he has erected a barn 36 by 70 feet in size, it also being provided with other good buildings. Here he is engaged in general farming, now raising Shorthorn cattle, also a good grade of horses. He is a member of the Shortville Dairy Company, also a stockholder in the Farmers' Elevator of Neillsville, and for many years has been agent for the Lynn Fire Insurance Company. The office of township chairman which he held, he served in at intervals for the last twenty years, and has also served fifteen years as treasurer of the school board. His fraternal affiliations are with the Mystic Workers of the World and the Royal Order of Moose. He and his wife are the parents of three children - Aneita, who married F. G. Wall, they reside in Rock County, Wis., and have two children, Wayne and Donald; Gladys, who manages her father's store at Shortville; and Merrill, The two elder children are graduates of the Neillsville high school.

Andrew Lawson, a successful farmer of Sherwood Township, who was one of the pioneer homesteaders here, and who has achieved prosperity through his own efforts, aided by a worthy helpmate, was born on a farm in Denmark, Feb. 16, 1848, son of Lars and Sophia (Larson) Lawson. He was the youngest member of a family of six children, four sons and two daughters. The first to come to the United States was Nels, a brother of Andrew, who settled in Waupaca, Wis. Some time after he had departed Andrew and his brother, Sam, enlisted, or contracted, to go to Greenland to work in the mines, and were there for a year and a half. Then, in 1871, he worked his way to the United States on a vessel loaded with soda from the Greenland mines, which landed him in Philadelphia. Going to Salem, Pa., he worked for farmers in that vicinity from October, 1871, until Easter, 1872. He then came West to Stevens Point, Wis., where, during that summer, he worked on the railroad. After that he lived for a while in the vicinity of Neenah, Wis., and then came to Clark County. Here he first worked in a sawmill, but subsequently homesteaded forty acres of land in Section 24, Sherwood Township, the tract forming a part of his present farm, to which he later added forty acres more. The land was all wooded and there were no roads, so he began life here as a pioneer, building the log house in which he still resides, and has resided for forty years. For thirty winters or more he worked in logging camps and on the drive but spent his summers in improving his farm. On Nov. 3, 1878, Mr. Lawson was married to Ascenith Sparks, who was born in New York State Nov. 3, 1858, daughter of David and Elizabeth (Sparks) Sparks. Her father died when she was a year old and the rest of the family then came to Plainfield, with James Freeman Sparks, the widow's father. From there they subsequently came to Clark County, locating in Sherwood Township, where they were among the first homesteaders, and where James F. Sparks served as one of the early township officers. At the time of his marriage,

Mr. And Mrs. John G. Shanks

Mr. Lawson had two yearling heifers and an ox team, with a "jumper." He used to carry fiour and groceries on his back through the woods from City Point, eleven miles away, and often walked to Neillsville. He and his wife being members of the Congregational Church, services were often held in their log house in early days. Since that time he has greatly improved his farm, on which he raises Holstein cattle with good financial results. He and his wife have an adopted son, Ralph Lawson, married Nettie Landerville, Oct. 24, 1917. Mr. Lawson cast his first ballot for President Grant, and has ever since been a Republican.

John Gamble Shanks, a highly esteemed resident of the city of Greenwood, who during a long and active career has taken a prominent part in the development of the county, along various lines, was born in County Down, Ireland, Aug. 19, 1838, son of Hugh and Mary (Gallaway) Shanks. His parents, who were natives of the same county, in 1842 emigrated to Canada with their three children - Hugh, John, and William - landing in that colony after a voyage of eight weeks in a sailing vessel. There Hugh Shanks, who had been a laborer in Ireland, worked at anything he could find to do, he and his family making their home in Middlesex County, Province of Ontario. About 1866 they came to Clark County, Wis., which was the home of the parents for the rest of their lives, the father dying Oct. 9, 1908, and his wife on Feb. 6, 1878. In addition to the three children above mentioned, they had five others, who were born in Canada, namely: Sarah, James, Mary, Robert and David, all of whom came to Wisconsin with the parents. John Gamble Shanks attended a log schoolhouse in Canada, where he acquired his education, and there grew to manhood. On beginning industrial life he became connected with farming interests, gaining practical experience of everything pertaining to agriculture. In 1863 he came to Clark County with his brothers, who had been here before, and after his arrival began working in the woods, in which manner he was occupied for three years. On Oct. 19, 1866, he was married to Margaret Ann McMahon, who was born in Lampton County, Ontario, Canada, July 28, 1847, daughter of John and Bridget (Fahey) McMahon. Her parents were both natives of Ireland, Mr. McMahon coming from Limerick and his wife from near Dublin. They were married in Canada and came to Clark County, Wis., in April, 1871, locating in Eaton Township, where Mr. McMahon got a tract of 160 acres of partly cleared land, on which, however, there were no buildings, but he at once erected a log house and barn, into the former of which the family moved. There were nine children who came from Canada, where they were born: Margaret Ann, Mary Jane, Clarissa, Thomas, Agnes, John, James, Adolphus, Eugene and Theresa Frances. Mr. McMahon died in Eaton Township, Dec. 26, 1895, His wife, who survived him for a number of years, died Jan. 9, 1913. They were members of the Catholic church, supporting the nearest church of that faith when they first came here and afterwards helping to build the Catholic Church at Neillsville. After his marriage Mr. Shanks located with his wife two miles south of Greenwood, on a tract of 160 acres, in Section 14, Eaton Township. The land was thickly wooded, not a tree having been felled. He started at once to build a log house, which was a one-room dwelling, with scoop roof, and 14 by 16 feet in size. While it was building they resided at the home of Henry Huntziker. Mr. Shanks started without either stock or machinery, having practically nothing but his hands, and one or two small tools. He had to walk to Neillsville on foot for supplies, and the first two barrels of flour he bought cost him $14.00 a barrel, he hauling them home with an ox team. After being two years on his place he and his wife bought a cow. He worked in the woods along Black River as foreman for James McKinley, spending the summers in clearing his farm, and it was about three years after he moved onto the latter that he bought his first pair of oxen from Mr. McKinley. He also spent considerable time on drives. Later, for about three years, he was engaged in lumbering on his own account, and altogether he spent some fifteen or twenty years in the lumber business, in one occupation or another. In course of time Mr. Shanks got his farm well cleared and erected good frame buildings on it, after which he sold eighty acres of the place. Thirty-five years ago, or about 1881, he sold the remainder of the farm and took up his residence in Greenwood, where he has since remained. In 1893 Mr. Shanks built the Greenwood House, which he conducted as a hotel for about three years and then sold out. Besides erecting for himself a nice residence in the village, he has bought and improved a large number of farms in Clark County. He formerly shipped stock to Chicago, beginning twenty-four years ago. He is at the present time vice president of the Greenwood Bank, and is interested in the heading mill company, manufacturing heading, lumber and staves. Mr. Shanks served as mayor of Greenwood for four years and has at different times held township office, serving as chairman of the Eaton Township board for two years and as assessor for two or three years. He has no children, but he and his wife had an adopted daughter, Grace, who died in Arizona in 1915 at the age of 29. Although now advanced in years, Mr, Shanks is well preserved and looks much younger than he is. His heart has always been young and his kind disposition and genial manners have gained him numerous friends throughout Clark County.

Edward F. Hubbard, a well to do agriculturist of Pine Valley Township, was born in Tioga County, Penn., Nov. 8, 1852. His parents were Kellogg and Lucina (Burlingham) Hubbard, the former a native of Pennsylvania and son of Lucius Hubbard. They were married in that state, where they followed farming until 1863, when they came to Wisconsin. The party consisted of the father and mother, five children - Edward F., Richard, Charles, Alice and Mary - and an uncle of Kellogg's, named Horace Stiles. Their first stopping-place in this state was Sparta, and from there the father, the uncle and the three boys (Edward being then only 10 years old) set out to walk to Neillsville. The stage, driven by Hank Meyers, a well-known stage character of that day, brought the rest of the family on the day following. The men and boys stopped nine miles from Black River Falls, walking to the Falls before breakfast the next morning. Then Anson Green, an old logger, was met with, and with his team and wagon they completed the journey to Neillsville. This Anson Green owned considerable land and hotel property and Mr. Hubbard decided to try the hotel business, accordingly buying the hotel known afterwards as the Hubbard House, and which occupied the site of the present Merchant's Hotel. At that time pine stumps were to be seen in the main street of the town and the principal guests of the hotel were lumbermen. Kellogg Hubbard also bought ninety-five acres of land in Section 15, Pine Valley Township - tlot 9 and lot 8. The tract was covered with timber and there were no buildings on it. Mr. Hubbard built down by the river a frame barn, 30 by 40 feet in size, and a frame house, all of hewed timber and shaved shingles. He conducted the hotel for many years and always resided in it, but also in later years engaged in farming. He saw the days when he had to pay $16 a barrel for flour, and $60 for pork. His supplies were hauled from Sparta at $1.25 to $1.50 per hundredweight. He was about to engage in the lumber business when his career was brought to an end by death, which occurred when he was 45 years old, in about 1866. His wife lived to the age of 86, dying in 1914. All their children were born in Pennsylvania. Kellogg Hubbard was a popular man in his day, being a good host, and generous-hearted, often helping newcomers who arrived in the county destitute. His father, Lucius, frequently visited him and lived in Pine Valley Township a number of years, but finally returned east, where he died, Edward F. Hubbard, in his boyhood, attended the log schoolhouse, located between the Gates and Crothers' farms on the edge of Neillsville, and later the frame schoolhouse in Neillsville. When older he engaged in logging, working on the drive every year, and after the timber was exhausted here, went to the Chippewa River. He was foreman of the camps for many winters. He then took up agricultural work on his father's farm, and now farms fifty-three acres, having forty acres of pasture land lying to the north. The frame of his barn was built by his father, Edward F. building a silo, 14 by 30 feet, of cement blocks. He is successfully raising Holstein cattle and Clyde horses. Mr. Hubbard has been chairman several times of the township side board and has served as assessor. He is a member of the Farmers' Creamery Association of Neillsville, and of the Odd Fellows' and Woodmen's lodges. Mr. Hubbard was married, July 4, 1877, to Julia Evans, who was born in Wisconsin, Dec. 7, 1855, daughter of David Evans, a pioneer settler of Pine Valley Township, who drove into the township in early days with two yoke of cattle and two horses. Mr. and Mrs. Hubbard have two sons, Leslie and Hugh. Leslie, who was formerly employed as a butter-maker here, later became connected with the Bowman Milk Company, and is the head man in their bottling plant near Chicago. He married Amelia Ketle and has two children, Mildred and Charlotte. Hugh, is engineer with the Bowman Milk Company, in their plant at Bigfoot Prairie, Ill.; he married Minnie Hanson and they have one child, Lyndon.

Joseph F. Steinwand, proprietor of the old-established Steinwand Cheese Factory, in Section 26, Colby Township, was born in Manitowoc County, Wis., Mar. 2, 1869, son of Ambrose and Susan (Weber) Steinwand. The parents were natives of Wurtemberg, Germany, coming to America before their marriage, which event took place in Wisconsin. After farming in Manitowoc County for ten years, Ambrose Steinwand, with his family, in 1875 came to Clark County, buying a quarter section of railroad land in Colby Township, Section 25. The tract was composed of new land, which he cleared, making his home there until his death in 1908. His wife is still living there with her son George. Ambrose Steinwand was active in various local affairs, serving as township treasurer for twenty years. He was also for some time chairman of the board and was a member of the school board of his district and its treasurer for years. He organized the Steinwand Cheese Factory in 1882, since which year it has been operated continuously. He and his wife had seven children: Anna, Joseph, Julia, Mary, Ambrose, George and Theodore. Of these children Anna, Julia and Mary are now deceased. The others all reside in Colby Township. Joseph F, Steinwand assisted his father in the factory from the time he was 16 years old. In 1895 he took charge of the factory, his father retiring in that year, and since then he has given it his full attention. The factory lies in Section 26, township of Colby. The present building was erected in 1897 and was then 28 by 50 feet in size, ground dimensions. In 1900 it was purchased by the subject of this sketch, he having up that time been simply the manager. In 1906 he built an addition 28 by 36 feet and since then has operated the plant as a combined cheese and butter factory. He has been very successful with the business, which for years has been one of the standard industries of Colby Township. Adjoining the factory Mr. Steinwand has a fine brick house with forty acres of land. He was married Noy. 26, 1895, to Louisa Zassenhaus, who was born in Clifftmine, Mich,, June 6, 1869, daughter of William and Mary (Orth) Zassenhaus. Her father died at Colby, Mar. 9, 1912, The mother died Nov. 24, 1916. The children in the Zassenhaus family were: Louisa; Joseph, who lives in Minnesota; Agnes, of Hammond, Wis.; Helene and William, who are deceased; Mary, residing in Milwaukee; Clara, of Chicago, and Fred, who lives in Colby Township. Mr. and Mrs. Steinwand have six children, who were born as follows: Francis, Dec. 15, 1898; Joseph and Theodora (twins), Aug. 10, 1900; Richard, Mar. 11, 1902; Arnold, Mar. 29, 1903, and Mary, May 31, 1912. Mr. Zassenhaus, father of Mrs. Steinwand, came to Clark County, in 1877, buying a farm in Green Grove Township. He was postmaster of Green Grove Post Office from 1881 to 1889. He was a Republican in politics and took quite an active part in local affairs. In 1888 he was elected register of deeds of Clark County, serving in that position for eight years. He was also a member of the township board for many years.

August Roder, a prosperous farmer and business man of Pine Valley Township, was born in Silicia, Germany, June 4, 1857, his parents being Carl and Anna (Hankey) Roder. In June, 1866, the family took passage in a sailing vessel for the United States, where they landed at New York, after a five weeks' voyage. Besides August there was another child, Christine, now Mrs, Henry Sterns, of Duluth, Minn. Mrs. Roder had a sister, Mrs. Ernst Nitschke, who resided in Sheboygan County, Wis., and accordingly they headed in that direction. After arriving at Milwaukee they drove by team to Adell, Sheboygan County, where they located for awhile, Mr. Roder following his trade of shoemaker and sometimes working on farms. They were practically without money when they arrived, their only capital being good health. While living in Sheboygan County two more children were born: Ernestine, now Mrs. Ernst Nitschke, of Lynn Township, Clark County, and Paul, who resides on the old homestead in Grant Township. Carl Roder located in Section 13, Grant Township, getting forty acres of wild land, to which he had to cut a road. The next year he built a log house, 20 by 26 feet in size, and a log barn. He began the work of clearing his place without stock or implements, working at times for his neighbors and finally got enough money to buy a span of steers. Neillsville, from which they got their supplies, carrying them on their backs, was seven miles away. There Carl Roder resided until his death in May, 1914, at the age of 82 years. Before that time, however, he had bought and cleared another tract of eighty acres in Section 19, Lynn Township. A faithful member of the German Lutheran Church, he helped to establish the church in Section 12, Grant Township, known as St. John's Church, and was one of its officers for thirty years. His wife died Nov. 3, 1905, at the age of 71 years. In addition to the children already mentioned, they had one more, Amelia, who was born in Clark County, and is now Mrs. Karl Krause, of Grant Township. August Roder was 9 years of age when he arrived in Wisconsin with his parents and sister, Christine. He had already attended school in Germany and he subsequently continued his studies for awhile in Sheboygan County, where also he was confirmed in the Lutheran Church. After coming to Clark County the axe took the place of his school books and he was kept busy assisting his father in clearing the land. At the age of 19 he struck out for himself, working on farms and in the lumber camps in winter, After awhile he took up threshing, an occupation in which he continued subsequently for twenty-seven years, and in which he was a pioneer in this section, being also one of the first to get a steam engine. His industrial activities, however, were not confined to this branch of agriculture, for in the meanwhile he bought eighty acres of land in Section 26, Grant Township, on which stood an old log house in a small clearing. The land he cleared up himself, developing it into a farm which he sold in 1915. October, 1909, Mr. Roder bought eighty acres in Section 24, Pine Valley Township, this being an improved place. Here he has built a good two-story brick veneer house, 30 by 32 feet in ground dimensions, and a basement barn, 36 by 70 feet. He raises a good grade of stock and has taken rank among the successful agriculturists of his township. Aside from these activities Mr. Roder helped to start the Farmers' State Bank of Granton, and was one of its directors for a number of years. As a responsible citizen of his township, he has served in public office, having formerly been a member of the side board three years, chairman four years, and having served sixteen years as school clerk. He is a shareholder in the Co-operative Butter Factory at Neillsville. Mr. Roder was married Jan. 25, 1899, to Elvira Ayers, who was born in Neillsville, Clark County, daughter of M. B. Ayers, an early settler in the county, who is now dead. Her mother, who is still living, was in maidenhood, Anna Miller, belonging to a family that helped to found the village of Neillsville. Myr. and Mrs. Roder are

Burton J. Stallard, a well known banker and business man of Humbird, Wis., of which place he is one of the leading citizens, was born in Jackson County, Wis., Mar. 16, 1877. His parents, John T. and Elizabeth (Wilson) Stallard, were natives of England, the father coming to America at the age of 11 with his parents, who settled in New York State, where subsequently he engaged in farming. His wife, mother of Burton J., was 9 years old when she came to this country, her parents settling in New York, John T. Stallard located in Wisconsin in August, 1865, buying a farm in Jackson County. He had to carve a home from the wilderness, as his land, and the country around, was wild at that time. In the fall of 1895 he moved to Humbird, where he is still living. He and his wife reared six children: John Edward, Henry W., Mabel L., Alice M. and Burton J. Mabel is now Mrs. F. A. Shutte, of Humbird, and Alice the wife of A. S. Huyck of Duluth. In the spring of 1898, at the age of 21 years, Burton J. Stallard went to Altoona, Wis., where he started in business as a merchant with a capital of $50, and an experience of only nine months in mercantile affairs. He showed capacity, however, and made good progress until the spring of 1901, when his store was destroyed by fire. He then removed to Humbird, where he made a new start, this time with $2,000 capital. His energy and pluck, combined with strict commercial honesty soon won for him a high place in the regard of his townsmen and by 1904 he had to find a larger building to accommodate his growing trade. He, therefore, erected a fine new brick building, which he occupied until he sold the business to his brother-in-law, F. A. Shutte, in 1914. Mr. Stallard then became cashier of the First State Bank of Humbird, of which institution he was one of the organizers in 1909, and its president from that time to 1914. The position of cashier he still retains. He is also president of the Farmers' Life Insurance Company, a local corporation organized in 1905, He was one of the organizers of the Humbird Co-operative Creamery and is now its secretary and treasurer. Since 1913 he has served as treasurer of District School Board, No, 1. A member of the Masonic order, having served as master of Humbird Lodge, No. 191, A. F. & A. M., at Humbird. On Dec. 23, 1900, Mr. Stallard was united in marriage with Bertha M. Waters, who was born Nov. 14, 1877, in Clark County, daughter of James and Sarah (Noyes) Waters. Her parents came to this county at an early date, her father being engaged in the lumber business for years, and for some time owning and operating a saw-mill at Chelsea, Wis. He is now residing in Humbird, and is a widower, his wife having died in 1897. They had one other child, Willard E, Mr. and Mrs. Stallard have a family of three children; Alton V., born Oct. 13, 1901; Burton J., Jr., born Nov. 10, 1903, and Elgin G., born Oct. 25, 1906.

William Lightfoot, one of the best known residents of Pine Valley Township, was born in London, England, May 4, 1846, son of Henry Lightfoot, a sea captain. The father had married in Canada, where two daughters were born to him - Kate and Jenny; two sons, Henry, Jr., and William, being born in London. The mother died in 1848, when her son

Mr. And Mrs. Julius Sorenson Mr. And Mrs. M. Erickson Family

William was 2 years old, and two years after that Capt. Henry Lightfoot died also. Both were buried at sea, as they died on the ocean. Thus orphaned the child William was sent to live with his grandfather, John Hodson, a Canadian farmer, residing near Quebec, in which country his father had intended to settle when he gave up seafaring life. William remained with his grandfather until he was 15 years old and then struck out for Maine and New Brunswick, spending two winters in the pine woods of that section. In 1868 he then came west to Neillsville, Clark County, Wis., making the last part of the journey, from Sparta, by stage. On arriving here he joined the camp of George Crosby, of which Carl Ayers was foreman, and for thirty-eight years subsequently he worked in the wood camps and on the river, being foreman eight winters. He then took up farming, buying eighty acres in Section 1, Pine Valley Township, which was all wild land. This he has cleared up without the aid of a team and is now conducting a profitable farm. Mr. Lightfoot has never married. He has had a notable career as pioneer lumberman and farmer and there are few men better known throughout this part of the county.

Melvin Erickson, a member of the firm of Erickson & Thorson, proprietors of a general store at Longwood, Clark County, was born in Winnebago County, Wis., May 1, 1883, son of Hans and Maria (Johnson) Erickson, natives of Norway. The father came to America at the age of 20 years. His wife came with her parents when quite young, and both the parents died on the ocean. She was adopted by an uncle. Hans Erickson was a farmer and followed that occupation for a number of years, but also spent twenty-five years as section foreman on the "Soo" Railroad, then known as the Wisconsin Central. Both he and his wife are now living. They had ten children - Helen, Edwin, Charles, Mattie, Jalmer, Adolph, Melvin, Elmer, Rudolph and Ella, the last mentioned being now deceased. Melvin Erickson, after leaving school, remained at home until reaching the age of 17 years. He then worked on farms for awhile and afterwards spent three years on the "Soo" Line Railroad as section laborer. During the next seven years he spent the summers in farming and the winters at logging in the woods. After that he was employed as cook for a bridge crew on the railroad, coming to Longwood Feb. 15, 1913, Here he entered into partnership with his brother-in-law, Alvin Thorson, in the mercantile business. They conduct the only general store in Longwood, and have a modern establishment in every respect. The business is housed in a new building, finished on the outside with concrete, and having such improvements as electric lights from a private plant, a built-in ice box, a cement floor and basement and other conveniences, The company has a good trade, carries a good line of goods and is doing a constantly increasing business. Mr. Erickson is a prominent man and has been town clerk since 1915. He was married Feb. 12, 1913, to Amy Sorenson, who was born in Longwood Township, Feb. 1, 1894, daughter of Julius and Mary (Davidson) Sorenson, and they have one son, Emery, born May 9, 1914.

Julius Sorenson, now a farmer of Greenwood Township, was born in Norway, and married Mary Davidson, daughter of a famous music professor and noted violinist. They came to America on their wedding trip, ar- rived in Withee, and settled as pioneers in Longwood Township at the time the "Soo" was being built. There were then no wagon roads, so they did their traveling and their farm work with oxen. In time their log house and crude barn were replaced with better structures, and now they have a sightly brick residence and a fine complement of barns and outbuildings. Mr. Sorenson is an estimable man and has served on the town board. He and his wife have had eight children: Carl, who is a farmer; Henry, residing at home; Celia, who lives in Longwood; Julia, of Larsen, Wis.; Amy, wife of Melvin Erickson; Jennie, at teacher; Hilda, at home, and John, a graduate veterinary surgeon, now of Longwood,

Charles F. Goldammer, proprietor of the old Goldammer homestead in Section 5, Pine Valley Township, was born on his present farm, April 28, 1887, son of Julius and Wilhelmina (Handt) Goldammer. Separate mention of his parents may be found elsewhere in this volume. Charles F., in his boyhood, attended the district school and subsequently continued his studies until he had reached a good high school standard, being, therefore, largely self-educated. Learning the cheese-making industry, he was employed at it from the age of 17 to that of 22, in different parts of the state, and at the end of that time he engaged in farming on the parental homestead, being now the owner of 280 acres of land, which was accumulated by his father. He raises a good grade of Holstein cattle and horses, and is a stockholder in the Pine Valley Butter and Cheese Company, and the Farmers' Co-operative Elevator and Lumber Company of Neillsville. For three years Mr. Goldammer was a member of Company A, Third Regiment, Wisconsin National Guard. He has held the office of township clerk for three years, and at the election of 1914 ran for the office of county clerk, on the Republican ticket, making a good run. His place is well improved and two years ago he erected a good silo. He was married June 24, 1914, to Rosa B. Puttkamer, a native of Clark County and daughter of Fred Puttkamer. He and his wife have one child, who was born Feb. 19, 1916, and named Albert Charles.

Julius Goldammer, formerly one of the active citizens of Pine Valley Township, a man highly esteemed in his day but now deceased, came to this country with his parents, when 9 years of age, from Saxony, Germany, about 1839. The family settled in Sheboygan County, Wis., from which section Julius came at the age of 21 years to Clark County, driving into the county with an ox team. Securing eighty acres of timber land in Section 5, Pine Valley Township, he set to work to clear it, a task that he finally accomplished; and in addition he bought other land until he owned 280 acres. On this farm he raised a considerable amount of stock and was successful as an agriculturist. He also took an active and beneficial interest in other enterprises, including the furniture factory, the addition on the west side of the river, which he helped to lay out, the cheese factory, which he started, and the Pine Valley Cheese and Butter Company, of which he was secretary. Forty years ago he built the first good barn in this section, measuring 34 by 50 feet in size. His death, which occurred July 29, 1905, when he was 66 years old, caused much regret throughout this part of the county. Mr. Goldammer married Wil- helmina Handt, of Grant Township, and they had a large family of twelve children: George, Mary, Ada, Emma, Otto, Louis, Ernest, William, Alvin, Paul, Charles and Martha. Mr. Goldammer was a faithful member of the German Lutheran Church and at different times he held local office, serving efficiently for eight successive years as township treasurer, and as school clerk of District No. 3, for fourteen years, In politics he was a Republican. Mrs. Goldammer is still living, at the age of 72 years. John H. Rude, a veteran of the Civil War, and a respected resident of Neillsville, Wis., where he has lived for many years, was born in Norway, Sept. 26, 1843, son of Oliver Rude and Cornelia Thompson, his wife. Oliver was a building contractor in the province of Tellamarken, Norway, where he was born, reared and married, and where six children were born to him - John, Esther, Thomas, Isabelle, Annie and one that died in infancy. In 1861 Oliver Rude came with his family to the United States, locating at Mt. Prairie, Minn., where he rented an improved farm. He remained in that state about seven years, during which time he was moving about farming and building. He then went to Dakota, leaving his family on the farm, except his wife, who had died two years after arriving in this country. In Dakota he worked at the carpenter's trade, remaining there about five years, after which he traveled from one place to another, finally dying on his farm in Minnesota in 1878. John Rude had only about six weeks schooling in Norway before he accompanied his parents to the United States, and had been associated with his father in industrial pursuits. He was 19 years old when he landed in Minnesota and began working out on farms during the summer and in the woods during the winter, assisting in log-driving in the spring. On January 2, 1862 he joined Company B, of the Nineteenth Wisconsin Regiment, at Houston, Minn. They were sent to LaCrosse, Wis., where they recruited for about a month and were then mustered in at Racine, Wis. They were sent to Madison, Wis., to guard prisoners and after being thus occupied for six months went to Norfolk, Va., being detailed as guard there and at Portsmouth, Va., fer about three months. In the fall they took part in the battle at Suffolk, Va., and remained there during the winter of 1862-63. After much moving about, late in the spring of 1863, they were sent to New Bern, N. C., to guard that city, and while there had a skirmish with the enemy. Then they went back to Virginia, to take part in the battle of Drury's Bluff, and the battle of Petersburg, afterwards proceeding to Newport News to recruit, the regiment being by this time considerably reduced in numbers by death, wounds and sickness. They next saw service at Yorktown, then returned to Newport News and took part in the battle of Fair Oaks, Va. Mr. Rude being then attacked by sickness, was sent to the general hospital at Norfolk, where he stayed about a month. He was in Richmond after it was vacated by the rebels, and after that went to Fredericksburg aud Warrentown, then to Washington, D. C., where he was mustered out, returning to the farm at Houston, Minn. There he worked in a store for three years, then in the woods in winter and on the Mississippi drive in spring. The next harvest season he worked on farms in Jowa, and in this manner was occupied generally until 1873, in which year he came to Neillsville, where he found employment as a carpenter and painter. A year later he married, bought a village lot, and erected a frame house, which, after three years was burned. Then he disposed of his lot to Judge James O'Neill, and erected on an adjoining lot the house where he now lives. In 1909, he went to the Dakotas in the employ of the Great Northern, painting and repairing stations along the road. At Minot he was struck by a passenger train, crushing the ribs and bones of his left side, which since time he has lived a retired life. Mr. Rude is a Grand Army man and a Mason, He adheres to the Lutheran faith. His wife, Martha Peterson, daughter of Peter Strand, a farmer in Norway, died in August, 1904. Mr. and Mrs. Rude were the parents of five children: Georgia, Josephine, Oscar, John and Mary. Mary was lost under distressing circumstances, being burned to death when 6 years and 7 months old; Josephine is the wife of Peter Johnson, of Neillsville; Oscar, a soldier of the Spanish-American War, is dead; John, formerly a school teacher and salesman, is in the United States Army, his original service being at Camp Grant; Mary is a teacher. Frederick Sternitzky, one of the pioneers of Lynn Township, now deceased, was born in Kleinujeschitz, Germany, Oct. 26, 1806. His father died when Frederick was 11 years old, and the latter grew up and became a laborer. About 1831 he married Helena Dietz, who was born July 13, 1813, and for some years he continued to reside in Germany, where four children were born to him, Charles, Gottlieb (or James), Susan and William. On June 24, 1840, the family left Germany for America, where they landed after a three months' passage in a sailing vessel. Mr. Sternitzky had no particular place in view when he came, merely wishing to establish a new home in a country of wider opportunities. His first location was at Buffalo, N. Y., but in the following spring he came west to Milwaukee, Wis., and there, or in that vicinity followed the occupation of laborer on farms or otherwise until 1856. While residing there his family was increased by the birth of six more children, John, Ernest, Wilhelmina, Henry, Edward and Albert, the last mentioned of whom, however, died young. In 1856, in company with the Yankee and Kleinschmidt families, Mr. Sternitzky, with his own family, set out for Clark County, driving with a four-ox team and bringing with him two cows and a few household goods. The trip occupied three weeks and for the last three miles the party had to eut their way through the woods, arriving at last at the site of what is now Lynn Village. They located on a tract of 200 acres in Section 8, the oldest son, Charles, buying the land from the Government. Eighty acres of this tract lying in the village of Lynn became the family homestead. Here Mr. Sternitzky built a log house of two rooms, 18 by 28 feet, making his own split shingles and floors and sawing lumber with a rip saw. Their nearest neighbor was two miles away by trail, and Neillsville, Black River Falls and Sparta were their trading posts. From Neillsville supplies had to be carried on the back to the farm, There Mr. Sternitzky made his home for the rest of his life, becoming in time one of the prominent citizens of the township. In religious faith he was a German Lutheran and services were often held in his log house, He also helped to establish the church of that denomination in Grant Township.

Henry Sternitzky

In his early days he had served in Poland as a soldier in the Germany army, but was a quiet home-like man, of thoroughly honest character, and of great patience in times of trouble and adversity. His life was prolonged to the advanced age of 95 years, terminating Oct. 25, 1901. His wife died Feb. 20, 1900.

Henry Julius Gottlieb Sternitzky, a prosperous farmer of Lynn Township, was born at Milwaukee, Wis., Dec. 22, 1849, and is a son of Frederick and Helena (Dietz) Sternitzky, two of the earliest settlers in this township, to which they came when he was a child of 614 years. Their farm was located on the present site of Lynn Village, and there he grew up, assisting his father to clear the land. His educational opportunities were limited, but he attended for awhile the log schoolhouse two miles west of the homestead and later the school in District No. 1. In time, his parents growing old, the home place came into his possession, and he cared for them as long as they lived. To the original tract of eighty acres he added eighty more and has further improved and developed the farm until it is now a fine piece of agricultural property, He built the present frame house of thirteen rooms, and the barn, measuring 36 by 70 feet. He raises Guernsey cattle, a good grade of horses and Plymouth Rock chickens, and also has a good orchard growing apples and plums. Mr. Sternitzky is a member of the Lynn Fire Insurance Company, for which he is agent, and is president of the Cyclone Insurance Company. He is the present chairman of the Lynn Township board, elected 1914, now serving his third term, and having previously served as treasurer, assessor and clerk. For the last thirty years he has been a trustee of the Missouri Synod Lutheran Church, of which he is a member. Mr. Sternitzky was married June 7, 1876, to Johanna Hillmann, who was born in Washington County, Wis., April 21, 1854, daughter of Ernest and Rosa (Tischer) Hillmann. Her parents were natives of Germany, who were married in Wisconsin and settled as farmers near Jackson, in Washington County, where they spent their lives. They had a large family of twelve children. Mr. and Mrs, Sternitzky have had eight children, two of whom - Carl and another infant - are now deceased. The survivors are: Rose, now Mrs. August Arndt, of Neillsville; Robert, a station agent, residing at Rothschild, Wis.; Walter, who lives in Lynn Township, Wis.; Helen, now Mrs. H. Haaz, of Loganville, Wis.; and Anna and Lovilla, who are residing at home.

Henry Born Veefkind, one of the developers of Clark County, in honor of whom the station on the "Soo Line" railroad in Sherman Township was named, was born in Leyden, Holland, Oct. 3, 18534. He became farmer and dye manufacturer, and was married in Holland to Marie Reyst, who was born in Leyden, Holland, July 29, 1850, For a number of years after his marriage Mr. Veefkind remained in his native land, and there all his children were born, namely: Christine, who is still living in Holland; John, Caspar, Clara, Mary and Rika. In 1876 the family emigrated to Wisconsin, locating in Sherman Township, Clark County, where he secured a tract of eighty acres of land on which Veefkind station is now located, Though he subsequently bought and sold many acres, this tract always remained the old homestead. In those early days Mr. Veefkind farmed with an ox team, and being a rugged man, fond of outdoor life, often walked to Neillsville or Spencer. He encouraged the coming of the railroad and when the station was established became the first postmaster. He also established a store and started the first farmers' cheese factory in this section. Although a slight-built man, he was an indefatigable worker, while his nature was cast in a somewhat stern and judicial mold. He died at Veefkind in 1909, a man of 75 years, with a worthy record as pioneer and citizen. In 1912 his wife passed away at the same place. Edward Schultz, a former civil engineer and farmer of Veefkind, Sherman Township, who at one time filled the office of county surveyor, was born at Dunkirk, N. Y., May 1, 1866, and died at Veefkind, Nov, 21, 1910. He struck out for himself at an early age and educated himself as a civil engineer and surveyor, in which capacity he surveyed the line of the "Soo" railroad from Marshfield to Greenwood, Clark County, through Veefkind, which later became his home, and where he married Mary Veefkind, daughter of Henry Born Veefkind. He also did the construction work on this line of railroad and gave many years of his life to similar work in other sections, his work being always well done. In 1901 he purchased the old Veefkind homestead, where the last ten years of his life were spent. He filled the position of postmaster at Veefkind after his father-in-law's death, in 1909, until the rural route was established, when the office was abolished; and for a time he was in partnership with John Veefkind in a stave and bolt mill located near the station. His service in the office of Clark County surveyor has been already mentioned. A man of elevated principles, he was a consistent member of the Presbyterian Church. At his death - an event much regretted by the entire community - he left eight children: Lowell, Edna, Coba, Mary, Edward, Jr., Lester, Arlie and Margaret. His wife Mary, who was born in Holland, July 17, 1864, is now residing on the old family homestead at Veefkind, and conducts a general store. A genial pleasant lady, she is popular among a wide acquaintance. Joseph Rondorf, who is aiding in the agricultural development of York Township, having a farm in Section 16, which he has developed from primitive conditions, was born in Dane County, Wis., Aug. 16, 1855, on the farm of his parents, Hilarius and Maria (Schell) Rondorf. The parents were born in Germany and came to the United States in 1852, journeying west and northwest until they came to Madison, Wis., where the railroad ended. Then renting a farm in Dane County, they resided on it six years, and at the end of that time moved to Monroe County, where Hilarius Rondorf bought eighty acres of wild land, on which he built a log house and barn, thus beginning the work of improvement. Having cleared his land, he bought 120 acres more, thus making 200 in all, and he spent the remainder of his life. In 1863 after the outbreak of the Civil War, he enlisted in Company K, 36th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, and served until the close of the conflict. He and his wife had two children. Elizabeth is the wife of Henry Trinkes, a farmer of La Crosse County. Joseph remained at home until he was 28 years old. He was then a married man, having been united in matrimony with Odelia Algree, on May 16, 1880, in Monroe County. Her father's name was Carl Algree; his occupation that of farming. Residing for two years on the home farm after his marriage, he then came to Clark County, having previously purchased an eighty-acre tract of land in Section 16, York Township. The land was wild and he had to build a house, in which he and his wife took up their abode. He also erected a log barn and with a team of oxen began the arduous work of clearing the land. Fifteen years after moving onto the farm, he bought forty acres more, then, finding the log house too small - his family having been increased by the birth of two more children - he built an eleven-room brick residence, and also replaced the old log barn with a modern structure, 40 by 74 feet in size. He also put up several smaller buildings. He is now engaged in raising Holstein cattle and Percheron horses, and in addition to his immediate farming operations, is a stockholder in the Wausau Packing Company. For a number of years Mr. Rondorf served as supervisor of his township and he has been school treasurer for twenty years. His wife died Jan. 21, 1913. He and his wife have two children: Mamie, now Mrs. A. Dorn, of Eau Claire, Wis., and Ralle, who is in the United States service as a motor repairing expert. Henry and Ida both died in infancy.

James Hughes, an energetic and successful farmer of Grant Township, was born in this township in 1875, on the farm of his parents, William and Hannah (Collins) Hughes. He acquired his education in District School, No. 5, and remained at home until he was 26 years old. He then bought eighty acres in Section 15, there being a barn and granary on the place. The former he improved by making it into a basement barn, and he also built a house of eight rooms, these and other improvements increasing the value of the property. Here Mr. Hughes carried on general farming, raising Holstein cattle and Percheron horses. He is, besides, a member of the Farmers' Co-operative Elevator and Lumber Company of Neillsville and of the company operating the Wausau Packing Plant, and is a patron of the Pleasant Ridge Cheese Factory. Of his eighty-acre farm he cultivates only about forty acres, renting his mother's place. Mr. Hughes was married Aug. 16, 1911, to Nettie B. Short, and has two children: Donald, now 4 years old, and Aileen, 16 months. In the Liberty Loan drives of 1917, Mr. Hughes was appointed chairman of town of Grant.

Mrs. William Hughes, proprietor of a good estate in Grant Township, and a lady widely known and respected, was born in County Cork, Ireland, May 30, 1848. Her parents were Jeremiah and Mary (Smith) Collins, who were engaged in farming and who died in their native land when their daughter Hannah, the subject of this sketch was only 2 years old. There were seven children in their family; Ellen, Thomas, Catherine, Andrew, Mary, Michael and Hannah, all of whom emigrated, six of them coming to the United States and Ellen going to Australia. Hannah, who was placed in the care of relatives, remained in Ireland until she was 9 years old, at which time she joined her sister Mary in Connecticut, and subsequently until she was 18 years old she lived with different members of the family in succession. She then came to Pleasant Ridge, Clark County, Wis., to join Mr. and Mrs. Archibald Campbell, and here she met and married Joseph Milton Cook, their wedding taking place June 16, 1866. Mr. Cook, who was a native of Erie County, Penn., took up a homestead in Section

15, Grant Township, but owned altogether five different tracts of forty acres each, located in different places. Moving into the log house which stood on their land in Section 15, they began the life of pioneer farmers and lived happily together until Mr. Cook's death, which took place when he was but 45 years old. He was an upright, honorable and dependable man, and was also progressive and enterprising. Mrs. Hughes, not to be behindhand with her husband, had the first rag carpet in this section, bringing it from Fond du Lac, but has never used it, keeping it rolled up. Some time after the death of her first husband, Mr. Cook, she married William Hughes, a native of Canada and son of James and Margaret (Meyer) Hughes, both of whom were born in Ireland, the former in Kilkenny County, and the latter in Tipperary County. His parents had emigrated to Canada soon after their marriage and came from there in later years to Pleasant Ridge, Grant Township, this county, where they subsequently died. Their son William, however, had long preceded them to this county. He was a blacksmith by trade and one of the first to follow that oecupation in Neillsville. He was a member of the Catholic Church. Mr. Hughes died Nov. 29, 1908. He left eight children: Mary, now deceased, who was the wife of Louie Handke; James, of whom special mention is made elsewhere in this volume, and William, Daniel, John, Margaret, Michael and Archibald. Of Mrs, Hughes' first marriage to Mr. Cook, there was one child born, Samuel, who was 11 months and 2 weeks old when his father died, and who is now living on his father's original homestead. Three years ago Mrs. Hughes located a homestead near Union, Dawson County, Mont.

Henry Herbert Christofferson, M. D., of Colby, Wis., was born at Waupaca, Wis,, March 27, 1875. His parents were James and Sophia Christofferson, the mother's family name being Anderson. They were natives of Denmark, in which country they were married. Coming to the United States in 1865, they settled in Waupaca County, Wis., taking a homestead and living for a number of years amid pioneer surroundings, the father having to carry supplies on his back for many miles. He was a carpenter by trade and spent several years in Oshkosh as a builder. He and his wife are now living in Waupaca, where, in 1915 they celebrated their golden wedding. They had four sons and one daughter, all of the sons becoming physicians. The daughter, Mary, is now dead. Andrew L. is a physician at Oshkosh, Wis.; Peter J . is following the same profession at Waupaca, and Henry H. and Albert M., at Colby. Henry H. Christofferson acquired his elementary education in the public schools of Waupaca County and was graduated from the Waupun high school in the class of 1898. After that he spent two years in Battle Creek Academy, at Battle Creek, Mich., and in 1902 was graduated from the medical department of St. Louis (Mo.) University. He then located at Loyal, Clark County, where he practiced for over nine years, at the end of that time coming to Colby and forming a partnership with his brother Albert, On Aug. 1, 1917, a corporation was formed, the Colby Medical Association, with A. L. Schemmer, president; Albert M. Christofferson, vice president, and H. H. Christofferson, secretary and treasurer, Besides having a good medical practice Dr. Christofferson is president of the Clark County Medical Society, and

Charles Fullmer Mr. And Mrs. David J. Fullmer

2 member of the state medical society. He was one of the organizers of the Citizens State Bank of Loyal, and is one of its present directors, and is secretary and treasurer of the Clark County Telephone Company. For six years he was a member of the Loyal City Council, and in 1914 was elected to the Clark County board of supervisors, in which position he is still serving, being a member of the road and bridge committee. His fraternal society affiliations are with Colby Lodge, No. 204, F. & A. M., and the Chapter at Neillsville. Dr. Christofferson was married July 26, 1899, to Ricke Christianson, who was born at Racine, Wis., in 1876, daughter of Nels Christianson. Her father was a merchant at Racine who died when she was young, and whose only other child was a daughter, now the wife of Lynn Church, who is connected with the employment department of the Marshall Field store at Chicago.

Charles Byron Fullmer, who is engaged in operating the pioneer Fullmer Farm in Section 11, Loyal Township, was born in the Province of Ontario, Canada, near Ridgeway, about twelve miles from Niagara Falls, Dec. 9, 1855, son of David J. and Julia (Herbert) Fullmer. He was brought to this county with his parents in 1866, and grew to manhood on the home farm, which he helped to clear and improve. When a young man he spent four seasons in the woods and on the river drive, and also engaged in threshing in the Dakotas for a while. At one time he operated a cheese factory in connection with O. J. Smith. Since coming into possession of the home farm he has operated it successfully and with profitable results. His home is managed by his sister, Hettie A. Fullmer. Although taking a deep interest in everything calculated to promote the welfare of his township and county he has never cared to seek public office. Fraternally he is associated with the Masons and Woodmen at Greenwood.

David J. Fullmer, a pioneer, was born in Buffalo, N. Y., Feb, 14, 1829, the son of Benjamin Franklin Fullmer. The family in America originated with three brothers, Conrad, George and Andrew Fullmer, who came from Germany. They had many exciting adventures as colonists, and for a time, George and Andrew were held in captivity by the Indians. Benjamin Franklin Fullmer was born in Buffalo, N. Y., July 5, 1798, and died Sept. 14, 1831. He and his wife had four children: Sarah A., born Nov. 16, 1821, died Oct. 23, 1831; Catherine M., born May 23, 1823, died in 1898; Alfred D. was born May 20, 1825; David J. was born Feb. 14, 1829, and diéd March 27, 1900. David J. lost his father when he was two and a half years old, and was reared by his uncles, Colonel Spitzer, of Bloomington, Ill., and Jacob Fullmer, of Canada. He was married Sept. 14, 1851, at Meadsville, Pa., by Hon, William Culberton, to Julia A. Herbert, born at Cambridge Springs, Pa., Sept. 8, 1828. After their marriage, they moved to Canada, where for seven years he worked at his trade as a mechanic, and where their four oldest children were born. In 1858 they moved to Iron Ridge, Wis., where he was employed for seven years at his trade, and where two more children were born. In the fall of 1865 he came to Loyal Township, this county, driving by ox team from Toma. In Loyal Township he secured 160 acres of wild timberland in section 11. There were no roads in the vicinity, but he soon secured the construction of one. For a time he worked at his trade in Neillsville, making the trip back and forth on foot every two weeks. With the passing of the years he attained prosperity, replaced his original log cabin with a frame building, and constructed other farm buildings as necessity required, until he had a good place. He died March 27, 1900, and his wife Oct. 16, 1908. In the family there were ten children: Hervey H. and Herbert R. (twins), born July 9, 1852; Charles B., born Dec. 9, 1854; Eva Mary, born Sept. 9, 1856; Benjamin F., born July 7, 1861; Carrie Effie, born Oct. 11, 1863; Ella Martha, born April 15, 1866; Lee David, born Aug. 2, 1868; Hettie A., born June 7, 1880; and Lois J., born Aug. 5, 1882. Julia A. Herbert, Mrs. David J. Fullmer, was the daughter of Jacob B. (Jr.) and Rebecca (Danner) Herbert, and granddaughter of Sir Jacob B. Herbert. Sir Jacob B. Herbert, by his marriage to Miss Venote, a lady of French extraction, had two children, Jacob B., Jr., and Nancy. Jacob B., Jr., was born in Point Pleasant, N. J., July 21, 1777, and died Dec. 9, 1873. He was a sea captain, and the old sailing vessel which he commanded was dry docked on the coast of Africa at the beginning of the War of 1914. By his first marriage to Elinor Baily he had several children. By his marriage, Oct. 21, 1827, to Rebecca Danner, who died March 16, 1886, he had eight children: Julia A., born Sept. 8, 1828, and died Oct. 16, 1908; Mariam, born Dec. 29, 1830, and died Feb. 1, 1831; Mary C., born July 29, 1831; Henry J., born April 3, 1833, and died Jan. 18, 1910; Hettie M., born Dec. 11, 1834, and died Aug. 22, 1909; Elizabeth C., Feb. 25, 1837; Alma J., May 8, 1841; and Marilla 8., born June 24, 1843.

William Henry Hannah, proprietor of the old Hannah homestead, in Section 14, Weston Township, was born on his parents' farm in Section 4, this township, Oct. 7, 1879, the place being known as the Rob Ross Farm. The parents, Charles G, and Mary (Boon) Hannah, had settled there in 1869, coming from Canada, the father, a lumber contractor, working some years for his maternal uncle, Robert Ross, later securing eighty acres, which in time, through much hard work and subsequent purchases, he developed into the estate of 240 acres now known as Cottonwood Farm. William Henry Hannah was 5 years old when his parents moved to the farm on which he now resides, but which then was merely a tract of wild land. The nearest school was at Neillsville, but he had no chance to attend it and his education has been self acquired. In his youth he worked in lumber camps for his father, and later ran his own camp one winter. on Collie Creek, Later he took up farm work, and seven years ago - his father having died in 1907 - took over the old home farm, which he is now conducting, and which now contains 280 acres of land. He is engaged in general farming, raising polled Durham cattle, a good grade of horses and Poland hogs. The barn, 40 by 50 feet, built by his father, he has enlarged to the size of 40 by 84 feet, and has also built a silo, 16 by 14 by 24 feet. He has also put up machine sheds, hog pen and chicken house, raising Rhode Island Red chickens. He was a stockholder in the Christie Creamery before it was sold to Mr. Hauser. For six years he has served as school clerk, his fraternal society affiliations are with the Modern Woodmen and Beavers, and he is a member of the Presbyterian Church.

Charles Godfrey Hannah, who died at the age of 69 years, in Weston Township, in 1907, had been a resident of Clark County since 1869. He was a native of St. George, Canada, and son of James Godfrey and Jane (Nugent) Hannah, James being from England and his wife Jane, from Ireland. They were married at St. George, where they always resided after coming to America, he being a watch and clock maker by trade. By a previous marriage, James G. Hannah had four children. Of this marriage with Jane Nugent three children were born, Charles, Emma and Mary. Charles G. Hannah grew to manhood in Canada. He was only 11 years old when his father died and he then had to look out for himself to a large extent or at least, contribute in part to his own support. When old enough he engaged in logging and lumbering as a contractor. On Nov. 3, 1863, he was married in Canada to Mary Boon, who was born in County Derry, Ireland, April 4, 1840, daughter of Charles and Nancy (Hughes) Boon, the father being a linen weaver by trade. The Boon family emigrated to Canada in 1847, where they landed after an eight weeks' voyage in a sailing vessel. They formed quite a large party, there being fourteen children, all of whom, however, are now dead, except Mary (Mrs. Hannah). Charles Boon spent the rest of his life farming in Canada, where he died at the age of 80 years. His wife died at the age of 89. Charles G. Hannah and wife resided in Canada for seven years after their marriage, he continuing in the lumber business. It was his occupation that brought him to Clark County in 1869, when he arrived here with his wife, and three children, Nancy, Eliza and James. First locating at Neillsville, he engaged in the lumbering business, having a camp located on Black River and one on Collie Creek. His first contract work was for Robert Ross and later he worked for George H. Ray. Mr. Ross was a relative of his, being an uncle on the mother's side, and Mr. Hannah and his family lived for five years in a log house on the Ross place in Section 4, he managing the camp and she doing the work for the men. He cleared his uncle's place and then bought eighty acres of wild land in Section 14, Weston Township - a tract to which there was no road. On it he built a log house of three rooms, to which he later added a kitchen. Three more children had been born to him - Robert, Ellen and William - in Section 4; and _ later two others - Cinda and Minnie - were born on the farm in Section 14. Mr. Hannah began the improvement of this latter tract with an ox team and one cow, and when he could not borrow a neighbor's team he walked to Neillsville for supplies. Mrs. Hannah spun wool to make socks, caps and mittens for the family, her sewing being done by hand, as she had no machine. For a number of years they had up-hill work, as Mr. Hannah often suffered from rheumatism contracted in his camp work and on the river, his work on river drives being continued for nineteen years. In time, however, he increased the size of his farm to 240 acres and it is now known as the Cottonwood Farm. Nearly all the land was cleared by himself and he was always a hard worker. He also built a frame house of eleven rooms - a very commodious and comfortable dwelling - and a good barn. His son, William Henry, is now proprietor of the farm, which he is conducting on a profitable basis. The family are members of the Presbyterian Church.

Peter Rasmussen, a well-to-do agriculturist of Thorp Township, was born in Denmark, Oct. 28, 1860, son of Hans and Annie Rasmussen, his father, a shoemaker by trade, dying in Denmark, 1885, and the mother in 1884. Peter came to America in 1882, locating first in Marshfield, Wis., where he worked two years in the sawmills, and then on farms until 1885. In that year he settled in Withee Township, Clark County, buying two acres of wild land, which he cleared and improved, selling it in 1897. During the next two years he resided in Thorp Village and then bought his present place of eighty acres in Section 29, Thorp Township, on which he has made all the improvements, having cleared all the land but nine acres. In 1913 he built a barn, 36 by 72, with stone basement and stalls for twenty head of cattle, three box stalls and accommodations for six head of horses. Mr, Rasmussen is raising graded Holsteins, milking fifteen cows and also marketing some hogs. His horses are of the Percheron breed, and his principal crops hay, corn and oats, On Aug. 9, 1889, Mr. Rasmussen was united in marriage with Annie Anderson, who was born in Sweden, Oct. 14, 1870, daughter of Ben and E. Catherine (Burns) Anderson, who spent the span of their years in Sweden. Her father, a miller, was born in 1821, and died in 1887. The mother was born in 1825, and died in 1888. The daughter Annie, came to America in 1888, locating in Thorp, where she became acquainted with Mr. Rasmussen. Of their marriage eleven children have been born: Ida, Sept. 3, 1890, now Mrs. Jens Gorden, of Stanley, Wis.; Elsie, Aug. 14, 1892, wife of L, Robinson, of Stanley; Axel, Feb. 9, 1894, who is a National Army man, as cook in Company B, 5th Engineers; Carl, Jan. 24, 1898, who is a resident of Minnesota; Walter, March 20, 1901, Robert, May 22, 1903; Everett, Dec. 11, 1905; Mabel, June 11, 1908, and Mildred, Noy. 22, 1912, all of whom are residing at home; George, born Noy. 10, 1896, who died Noy. 18, 1906, and Leland, born Dec. 19, 1898, who died March 26, 1899. Ida has one child, Wilfred, born June 5, 1914, and Elsie has two children, Bernice, born June 7, 1912, and De Forest, born Jan, 22, 1915.

Wilbur Kayhart, a representative young farmer of Marathon County, residing just across the Clark County line, was born on the homestead where he now lives, July 13, 1878, son of Hiram Kayhart, of whom a memoir appears elsewhere in this volume. He was educated in the district schools of Holton Township, and grew to manhood on the farm where he has always lived and of which he is now the proprietor. He was married, April 2, 1903, to Ada Winchell, who was born on her father's homestead in Clark County, Dec. 8, 1879. Mr. and Mrs. Wilbur Kayhart are the parents of seven children: Blanche, born Jan. 4, 1904; Albert, Aug. 17, 1905; Helen, Sept. 27, 1907; Floyd, Sept. 24, 1909; Idella, Aug. 16, 1911, and Donald and Dorothy, Sept. 2, 1915, the two last mentioned being twins. The family attend the M. E. Church. In politics Mr. Kayhart is a Republican.

Mr. And Mrs. Peter Rasmussen

Solon Larson, who has been engaged in agriculture in Section 30, Thorp Township for nearly thirty-five years, is a native of Denmark, born Jan. 6, 1854, son of Lars Larson, and his wife, whose maiden name was Bertha Jensen. The father died in 1881, at the age of 78 years, the mother in 1889, at the same age, It was in the year 1880 that Solon Larson emigrated to the United States, a young man of 26 years. Locating in Marshfield, Wis., he worked in saw-mills there for three years and then came to Clark County, where he bought the eighty acres of wild land in Section 30, Thorp Township, that he has since developed into his present farm. In the log cabin that he first built he lived until 1889, and then erected his present frame house. At the time he built the cabin, or soon after, he also put up a log barn and began farming with oxen, which he used for ten years. In 1900 he built a barn 30 by 62 feet in size, with stone basement, stalls for seventeen cattle and five horses and space for forty tons of hay, having also another hay barn. In 1911 he built a concrete silo of eighty tons capacity. Mr. Larson is engaged in raising Holstein cattle, having a full-blooded bull, and milking seventeen cows. His usual crops are hay, oats, barley and corn. In 1894, Mr. Larson was elected treasurer of Thorp Township, and is still serving in that office. He is also treasurer of the school board of District No. 3, in which he has served at intervals for twenty years. Mr. Larson was married June 3, 1882, to Bertha Jensen, who was born in Denmark, May 7, 1861, daughter of Jens Hansen and wife, Her parents, who never came to America, are now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Larson have had eight children: Carrie, now Mrs. M. Larson of Chipepwa County, Wis.; Louis, deceased; Mary, wife of Joe Oshkoski, of Ashland, Wis.; Axel, who resides at Nekoosa, Wis.; Christian, who is a teacher ; Agnes, a resident of Minneapolis, and Benhard, who resides at home. Carrie has one child, Howard. Mary has three children: Minnie, Harvey and Serene. Axel has one child, Donald.

Albert Rueth, a prosperous citizen of Fremont Township, who, for a number of years has been interested both in agriculture and mercantile business, and has achieved success, was born at Sun Prairie, Dane County, Wis., Aug. 26, 1856, son of Michael and Margaret Rueth. The parents were born and married in Bavaria, Germany, the father being a miller and baker by occupation. In 1844 they came to the United States by sailing vessel, being seven weeks on the ocean. Arriving in Wisconsin, they settled in Dane County, Michael Rueth becoming manager of the mill at Madison, Later he took land in that vicinity, built a log cabin and with the aid of an ox team cleared a farm. For awhile he worked out for a Mr. Baker. earning 20 cents a day and having to take his wages in pork and flour. Sometimes he had to walk to Milwaukee, a distance of about eighty miles, carrying flour home on his back the entire distance. It was in 1854 that he started breaking his land. After getting a crop of wheat he hauled it to Milwaukee, being ten days on the trip, and after paying expenses found himself with just 70 cents clear profit, He and his wife resided there until near the close of their lives, Mrs. Rueth dying in Dane County, in 1902, at the age of 83 years. He survived her several years, dying in Clark County in 1906, at the age of 94. They were members of the Catholic Church, at- tending mass at the homes of their neighbors, where services were held in early days. Mr. Rueth helped to build the first Catholic Church in his township, a log structure, which was known as St. Joseph's Church. He and his wife had three children: Michael, now residing in St. Paul, Minn.; Albert, of Fremont Township, and Margaret, who is the wife of Julius Meyer. Albert Rueth acquired his education in the district school, for the most part, but attended Watertown College for one year. He was reared on his parents' farm and was engaged in agricultural work for some years, but after being overcome by heat one summer, gave it up, and in the fall of the same year established himself as a merchant at Sun Prairie, where he conducted a store for thirty-one years. He also became interested in a farm, which he still owns, and while there served as a member of the village board. There also he married Mary Badz, of Bristol, Wis., whose parents were natives of Germany, settled in Dane County, in 1848, where the father, Peter Badz, cleared a farm. Through Mr. Gates, a father-in-law of Mr. Rueth became interested in the agricultural possibilities of Clark County, and accordingly he removed with his family to this county, buying 160 acres of wild land in Section 5, Fremont Township. On this he erected good buildings, including a brick house of ten rooms; a barn, 32 by 96 feet, and a sheep shed. In time he increased his holdings until he now has 858 acres of land in Fremont Township. On a farm he owns, in Section 8, he built a barn, 32 by 120 feet. After being engaged for some years in the raising of Shropshire sheep, Mr. Rueth discontinued that branch of farming, and confined his stock raising operations to Shorthorn cattle, and a good grade of horses. He has turned over the management of his business to his sons, George and Peter. Mr. and Mrs. Rueth are the parents of four children: Anna, residing at home; George, engaged in mercantile business; Edward, who is engaged in Red Cross work in Germany, having been sent there from the United States, and Peter, who is also in the mercantile business.

William Reinheimer, who is successfully carrying on farming and dairying in Section 26, Sherman Township, and has also other financial interests, was born in a log farm-house in Scott Township, Sheboygan County, Wis., March 6, 1856, son of Daniel and Reginia (Emley) Reinheimer. The parents were natives of Wittemberg, Germany, but came to this country when single and were married in Ohio. Daniel Reinheimer, who was a carpenter, emigrated in the early forties, and subsequently followed his trade in Ohio and later in Wisconsin, to which state he came in 1854, locating on wild land in Sheboygan County. After having cleared a farm there he died at the age of 83 years. His wife died much earlier, at the age of 57. They had a large family numbering eleven or twelve children, of whom William was one of the youngest. William Reinheimer acquired his education in the log school house of his district. He was eight years old when the family moved three miles east in the same township and there he attended the Batavia school, a frame structure. Growing to manhood on the farm, he started out for himself at the age of 22 years and during the summer of 1879 worked in Nebraska. In the same year, on December 4, he was married to Catherine Illian, of Scott Township, She- boygan County, Wis., a daughter of Frederick and Elizabeth Ilian. Frederick Illian, a pioneer, having been born in Damstoff, Germany, and after coming to this country, spending his remaining years in Scott Township, Sheboygan County. Mr. and Mrs. Reinheimer came to Clark County on their wedding trip, arriving here December 8, and making their temporary residence at the home of the Fisher brothers, with whom they were acquainted and who had come to the county before them. The journey after reaching Spencer, was made in a sleigh, Mr. Reinheimer had made a visit to this locality the previous winter but had not then bought any land. However, 2 month before his marriage he had come here directly from Nebraska and bought a tract of eighty acres in Section 26, Sherman Township. The land was wild and without buildings, and there was no road by the place. Until December, 1880, Mr. and Mrs. Reinheimer resided in a little log house on the Fisher farm, and then moved into a similar house on their own land, which he had built, and which measured 16 by 24 feet, and contained four rooms, two below and two above. Since then it has been improved and remodeled into the present commodious dwelling. When they started farming here they had a yoke of oxen, one cow and four chickens. Mr. Reinheimer had ten acres of the place chopped by hired labor. He often carried butter and eggs to Spencer, following a foot-path through the woods, and returning with groceries on his back. It was ten years before he got a horse. In time - some twenty-two or twenty-three years ago - he bought 160 acres more land, lying across the road in Section 23, and cleared it, as well as the original tract, also building a barn; his son, William F., who now lives there, building the house, The place is called Clover Leaf Farm. Mr. Reinheimer keeps a good grade of cattle and horses, and formerly had a flock of 100 sheep. He plants his crops according to a general rotation plan. In 1885 he built on his original farm a good basement barn, 36 by 80 feet in size, with 18-foot posts, which was then the largest barn that had been erected in Sherman Township. He also has a silo of 90 to 100 tons capacity. His yard is ornamented with shade and evergreen trees, and he has a good apple orchard, growing several kinds of apples, selected after considerable experimenting. His place is called '""Enuf Good Farm." Mr. Reinheimer is a shareholder in the Spencer Co-operative Elevator Company, of which he was made president on its organization five years ago, and is also a director of the Spencer State Bank. He is a trustee of the Presbyterian Church at Veefkind, and has served seven years in all as township chairman - at first for five years in succession, and then, after an interval, two years more. He has also been supervisor on the township side board. He and his wife have had four children: William F., Cora, Elmer and Elenor. William F. married Minnie Gunz, and has one child, Milton Harold. Elenor died at the age of 4 months.

John Rollins, who is engaged in operating a good farm in Section 9, Fremont Township, is a native of Wisconsin, having been born in Adams County, Jan. 25, 1869, son of John and Josephine (Pishon) Rollins. The father, John, Sr., was a son of Anthony and Abigail (Herd) Rollins, Anthony being a native of Vermont, and his wife of Scotland. John Rollins, father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Barton, Vt., Aug. 25, 1813.

His youth days were spent mostly in Burlington, that state, where he attended school. In those days the forests in New England had not been greatly utilized, and the lumber industry was becoming important. John Rollins, Sr., became connected with this work and subsequently followed it in Maine, where he was foreman of a gang in the woods. While residing in Maine he was married, April 28, 1845, to Josephine Pishon, a daughter of Isaiah H. and Abigail (Knowlton) Pishon. The original form of her family name was De Pishon, or De Pichon. Her father was born in Augusta, Maine, Dec. 13, 1809, and her mother, Abigail, in Vassadunkey, Maine, Jan. 19, 1808. Her own birth took place April 12, 1828. Isaiah Pishon, who was a lumberman by occupation, removed from his native state to Michigan, where he followed lumbering for a number of years and where his death occurred. His wife died in Adams County, Wis. Their children were Angeline, Charlotte, Mary, Sarah, Isaac, Jefferson and Josephine. After his marriage John Rollins, Sr., and his wife, Josephine, continued to reside in Maine for ten years or more, or until about 1856. They came west to Wisconsin, locating at Quincy, Adams County, were he became connected with a lumber company and, having a good education, was employed as compass man and timber estimator. There he and his family remained until they came to Clark County, in 1870. Their first winter in this county was spent on the north bank of Yellow River. In the following April, Mr. Rollins located on a tract of eighty acres in Section 9, Fremont Township, the lumber company giving him a life lease of the land for his services. Here he had to begin under pioneer conditions, as the land was wild, there were no roads and Indians were numerous in the vicinity. The nearest neighbors were about nine miles away, and their market was first at Necedah and later at Nasonville. The first summer they got an ox team and a cow, so had two of the most important requisites of a pioneer. The distance to Necedah was about 100 miles by the river road, and that long distance they had to drive with the ox team and a jumper - a rude sled used by the pioneers in place of a wagon, which latter few, if any, of the early settlers had; nor, indeed, would it have been easy, if possible, to drive a wagon through the woods. It used to take them a month or six weeks to make this trip. In the winter Mr. Rollins worked in the woods and in the summer was engaged in clearing his land. His first residence was a bark shanty; afterwards he built a good-sized log house, 16 by 40 feet in size, and still later he hewed pine for a log house, 20 by 30 feet. The first year he and his family ground wheat in their coffee mill, using the coarse flour thus obtained to make bread, He and his family lived on very friendly terms with the Indians, his sons going hunting with them, and they would often spend the night in his cabin, sleeping on the floor. When any of the family were sick the red men would cheerfully volunteer their services to help in any way possible. Here John Rollins, Sr., resided until his death in 1881, at the age of 67 years. He was one of the most prominent settlers in that part of the county and, being able to make land surveys, was employed to run the lines for the roads of Fremont Township. He and his family attended the Methodist Church. His wife, who is still living, has now reached the venerable age of 89 years, and resides with her son,

John, the subject of this memoir. Their children were as follows: Amanda, born in Maine, March 24, 1846; Oscar, born in Maine, Dec. 30, 1847; William, born in Maine, March 24, 1850; Charles, born in Michigan, July 23, 1852; Edgar, born in Michigan, Aug, 7, 1854; Jasper, born in Wisconsin, Feb. 18, 1859; Mildred, born in Wisconsin, July 6, 1861; Guy, born in Wisconsin, May 30, 1864; Maud, born in Wisconsin, Feb. 8, 1866; "Baby," born in Wisconsin, December, 1868, and John, born in Wisconsin, Jan. 25, 1869. John Rollins, Jr., acquired his education in a log schoolhouse and remained at home with his parents, working on the farm, except when he was employed in the woods during the winters. After his father's death he bought the old home place ,which he farmed for some years until he finally sold it. He then bought his present farm of eighty acres in Section 9, Fremont Township, there being at the time a small clearing on it. Since then he has cleared about twenty-five acres and has built a barn, 48 by 56 feet in size, and a silo, 12 by 28 feet. Mr. Rollins raises good shorthorn cattle and Belgian horses, being a successful stock-raiser. He is also a shareholder in the Co-operative Elevator Company of Chili, in the Independent Implement Company, of Plano, Ill., and the Wausau Packing Plant. He is now serving as treasurer of District No. 9. Mr. Rollins was first married to Blanche Austin, a daughter of John Austin, by which union there were no children. He married, secondly, Clara L. Schultz, who was born in Minnesota, daughter of William and Bertha (Spigler) Schultz. Her father was a native of Dodge County, Wis., and her mother of Germany, and after their marriage they lived first in Minnesota, later removing to Chippewa County, Wis., where Mr. Schultz engaged in farming. He is still living, being now 64 years old, his wife died in 1916, at the age of 59. They had five children: Agie, Edith, August, Alvin and Clara L. Mr. and Mrs. Rollins are the parents of two children: Vera and Robert.

Mrs. Emma Oatman, widow of the late George I. Oatman, of Fremont Township, was born in New York, May 31, 1849, daughter of Edwin and Mary (Bates) Reed. Her father was a native of the state of Vermont, born May 21, 1822, who removed to New York State when a young man. In the early forties he was married to Mary Bates, whose father was Arvin Bates, a farmer who removed from New York State to Illinois, where Mary was born, Sept. 8, 1826. After his marriage Edwin Reed resided in New York State for about nineteen years, and then moved to Jo Daviess County, Ill., where he bought forty acres of land and established a home, he and his wife residing there until their death. Their children were: Harriett, born Oct. 21, 1847; Emma, born May 31, 1849; George A., born Oct. 3. 1851; Alice, born March 31, 1853, and Charles, born Dec, 14, 1856. Emma Reed was reared to womanhood on the parental farm in Illinois. On Oct. 21, 1872, when 23 years old, she was married in Gratiot, Wis., to George Oatman, who was born in Syracuse. His father was Reuben Oatman, who came with his family from New York State to the village of Neenah, Wis., where George was reared to manhood. The latter served in the Civil War as a member of the Second Wisconsin Volunteers. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Oatman began domestic life in Neenah, where they remained for about a year. They then moved to Marshfield, Wis., where George

Oatman worked at his trade of carpenter, that place being their home for seven years. Then, about 1880, he bought forty acres of land in Section 24, Fremont Township, Clark County. The tract was wild and he had to clear a space on which to build a log house and barn - the first requisites of a pioneer settler.. Here he and his wife started in a modest way, having no superfluities, and often finding it hard to procure necessities, Mr. Oatman being obliged to raise his own oxen from calves. Being industrious and thrifty, however, in time they overcame all initial difficulties and attained to a prosperous condition, Mr. Oatman living to clear the land and built a five-room frame house and several barns. Many times during the early days Mrs. Oatman walked from her home to Nasonville for supplies, both in winter and spring, while her husband was engaged in logging in the woods, or working on the drive, which he did for six years. Their family consisted of two children: Bessie, born May 10, 1874, now the wife of John Davis, a farmer of Fremont Township; and Elsie, born July 27, 1880, wife of C. D. Tarbox, of Miles City, Mont.

Henry A. Frome, who is engaged in dairy farming on a farm of eighty acres in Section 22, Colby Township, was born in Hancock, Mich., Noy. 11, 1866, son of Theodore and Mary (Beckfield) Frome. Theodore Frome was born in Germany, Sept. 4, 1835, came to this country as a young man, was married to Mary Beckfield, who was born in Hanover, March 22, 1846, and in the early eighties came to Clark County, where he still resides. Henry A. Frome spent his youth with his parents, and in 1893, after his marriage, purchased his present farm from his father-in-law. He is raising high grade Holstein cattle, milking seventeen cows, and his crops are oats, hay, barley, corn, potatoes and rye. In 1914 he built an eighty-ton silo. He is president of the Colby branch of the American Society of Equity and has filled various local offices. He was elected township side supervisor in 1896, serving until elected chairman in 1902, and as such sitting on the county board from 1902 to 1907 and from 1909 to 1911. In 1904 he was elected treasurer of the Colby high school board, in which office he is still serving. He is a member of the German Lutheran Church. Mr. Frome was married July 1, 1893, to Maria Greseke, daughter of William and Frederica (Hamm) Greseke. William Greseke was born in Pomerania, Germany, Aug. 6, 1834, was married in 1860 to Frederica Greseke, who was born June 23, 1835, and in 1870, they came to this country, Mrs. Greseke dying in Clark County, in 1909. Mr. Greseke makes his home with Mr. and Mrs. Frome. Mr. and Mrs. Frome are the parents of six children, who were born as follows: Edwin, April 8, 1895; Meta, Sept. 15, 1896; Wallace, May 12, 1899; Orvin, Feb. 9, 1900; Theodore, Jan. 28, 1904, and Henry, May 29, 1908. Mrs. Frome has two sisters - Augusta, now Mrs, August Schueler, of Colby Township, and Minnie, wife of Albert Kleinfeld, of Oshkosh, Wis.

Louis Nickel, a successful farmer and respected citizen of Fremont Township, was born on a farm near Milwaukee, Wis., Sept. 9, 1861, son of Daniel and Kate (Hamme) Nickel. The parents were born in Germany, but married in Wisconsin, Daniel Nickel coming to the United States in 1851, by sailing vessel, being six weeks on the ocean. After their mar- riage Daniel followed farm work, taking a tract of land, which he cleared from the timber, he and his wife residing in a log cabin. Their farm was located in Milwaukee County, near Wauwatosa, and there they spent the rest of their lives, bringing up a family of nine children, of whom Louis was the fourth in order of birth. He was educated in the district school, growing to manhood on the farm. For awhile he followed various occupations, carpenter work included. He then located in Wauwatosa, where he was fireman for four years at the county poor farm, afterwards serving as engineer there for eleven years. At the end of that time, or in 1895, he came to Clark County, reaching here April 26. Here he bought eighty acres of land in Section 31, Fremont Township, it being mostly covered with stumps. There was, however, a house and barn on it, which saved him the trouble of building. Later Mr. Nickel bought forty acres more of wild land, and still later another tract of eighty acres across the road in the same section, the latter being covered with stumps. All this land he has so improved that his farm now shows smiling and fruitful fields where it once presented to the eye unsightly stumps. He raises a good grade of stock and is doing a prosperous business in general agriculture. He is a member of the co-operative elevator company at Chili, the Farmers' Cooperative Company at Neillsville, and of the Wausau Packing Plant. Mr. Nickel was married to Mary Kagler, of Waterloo, Wis. He and his wife have four children: Delma, Daniel, Raymond and Eleanor.