Dane County, Wisconsin - The whole text, 1906 (part 23 of 29)

James Arthur Roberts was born on the farm in the town of Dunkirk which has been owned by the family since 1844. His father Ezra E. Roberts, and grandfather, William Roberts, came to Wisconsin at that time from Warren county. 111. William Roberts was born in Fairfield county. Conn., in 1782, of Welsh parentage and married Salome Elwell, a native of New York. They made their home for a time in Virgil, Cortland county, N. Y., then in Illinois and finally in Dane county, Wisconsin. Their son, Ezra, born in Danbury, Conn., December 26, 1810. was educated in Cortland county, went with his parents to Illinois, returned to New York in 1840 and came to Dunkirk in 1844. He became a successful farmer and owned a fine property of three hundred and seventy-four acres. He married Betsey E. Cannon, daughter of Joseph Cannon of Massachusetts, a soldier in the war of 1812, and Rachel (Huyck) Cannon. Mr. and Mrs. Cannon were also pioneers of the town of Dunkirk where they settled in 1843, when the country was wild and sparsely populated. The surviving children of Ezra Roberts are Harry E. of Stoughton, a sketch of whose life appears elsewhere in this work, Florence E., who married George N. Campbell and James A., who also resides in Stoughton. James A., was born May 18, 1861, attended the district school, the Albion Academy and the University of Wisconsin and engaged in farming on the old homestead when he was a young man. This occupation he followed until 1901, when he moved. to Stoughton and became interes'ted in a milk depot in that city. Siuce 1905 he has given exclusive attention to the purchase and shipment of poultry and eggs for the large city markets. He supplies poultry to markets in Chicago and other cities. June 12, 1905, he married' Miss Pauline M. Estes, daughter of John M. and Martha (Martin) Estes of Dunkirk. Five children were born to the marriage; Ethel, Grace, Ross, Alice and Paul. Mr. Roberts is a member of Social Lodge No. 160, I. O. O. F. of Stoughton. His sympathies are entirely given to the Prohibition party and he is an active worker for the advancement of the prohibition movement. He has served the town of Dunkirk as assessor for two years and as town clerk for seven years.

Martin Rockney was born on the farm known as the old Rockney farm, which his father reclaimed from the wilderness in 1845. It is a fine property of two hundred and sixty acres and for the past four years has been under the capable management of Martin Rockney. Martin is the son of Tosten and Cecelia (Melve) Rock- ney, both of whom were natives of Voss, Norway. When they came to Christiania it was a sparsely settled community and they worked to advance the general interests as well as to make themselves a home. Always devoted to the Lutheran church, Mr. Rockney aided in building the church at West Koskonong, which his children still attend. Ox teams brought the pioueers to Christiania from Milwaukee and a farm of forty acres in section 8 was purchased. Several tracts of land were added until the farm reached its present size and buildings were erected, first a snug log cabin and later a substantial brick house. Mr. Rockney died in 1880 but his widow still resides at the old home with her son Martin. Ten children wrere born to Mr. and Mrs. Rockney, Erick the oldest son, married Tolena Lee, who lives a widow, upon the old farm. Anna resides in Winnebago county, Iowa, and is the wife of Jul Julson ; Ole is a farmer of Trail county, N. D. ; Lars resides in South Dakota. Julia is Mrs. Peter Nelson of Richland county, N. D. ; Martin manages the farm in Christiania ; Martha is deceased ; Carolina is Mrs. Berge Jerstad ; Amelia married Andrew Johnson of Sun Prairie ; Cecelia is the wife of George Strommen of Christiania. Martin was born in Christiania, January 14, 1862.. attended the home schools and assisted his father with his farm. In March, 1884, he married Miss Lena Freydenberg, of Eastland, Norway, daughter of Christian and Mary (Pederson) Freydenberg, who came to Wisconsin in 1880 and lived upon a farm in Vernon county. Seven children blessed the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Rockney; Mary, Tosten. Martha, Morgan, Tilla, George and Marvin, all of whom are still with their parents. Mr. Rockney has always been interested in farming although for four years he engaged in the tobacco business at Deerfield. He devotes most of his attention to dairying. Mr. Rockney votes the Republican ticket but has never participated in politics to any great extent.

George O. Rockstad is a very prominent and popular young citizen of the town of Springdale and is the owner and proprietor of the "Prairie Lawn Stock Farm," where he carries on general farming, besides being an extensive breeder of thorough-bred Poland- China hogs, red-poll cattle and fancy poultry. He was born in the town where he now resides in Dane county. Wis.. October 8, 1875 and is the son of Ole and Betsy (Nelson) Rockstad, the father being a native of Norway and the mother of the town of Springdale. The latter is a daughter of Nels Nelson, who was one of the pioneers of that section of the county, and the subject of this review owns land which his grandfather preempted from the govern- ment. Our subject's father followed farming and also worked as a stone mason for several years in Springdale and neighboring towns, (and for a time was a foreman on the Chicago & Northwestern railway. About 1901 he retired from active participation in affairs, and he and wife are living quietly in the village of Mt. Horeb. George O. Rockstad is one of four children that were born to these parents, only two of whom are now living - Belle, the sister, married Andrew Lee and resides in Mt. Horeb. where her husband is. the proprietor of the electric light plant. The subject of this review was reared to manhood in his native towrn of Springdale and has always had his residence within her confines. He received his education in the district schools, and at the age of twenty-three years began his independent career as a farmer on one hundred and forty-eight acres of land. He has added to this tract until his landed possessions now comprise three hundred and thirty-seven acres of some of the finest and most arable land to be found in Dane county. Mr. Rockstad was married on May 2, 1898, to Miss Julia Severson. of Adams, Green county, Wis., and to this union there have been born two children : Evangeline Beatrisa and Garfield St. O'Claire. Our subject is a Republican in his political affiliations and fraternally he is a member of the Masonic order of Mt. Horeb, Xo. 228.

Christian Frederic Rodefeld was one of the successful farmers of Cottage Grove township, and here he so lived as to ever command the unqualified respect and confidence of those with whom he came in contact. His was a strong, noble manhood and his life was one of signal usefulness and honor in all its relations. He was born in Minden, province of Westphalia, Prussia. April 10, 1847, and he died on his beautiful homestead farm, in section 8. Cottage Grove township. January 21, 1899. He wras a son of Christian and Wilhelmina Rodefeld. who likewise passed the closing years of their lives in Dane county. Mr. Rodefeld passed the first eleven years of his life in his native land, where he secured his rudimentary educational training, and he then accompanied his parents on their immigration to America. The family first located in the city of Schenectady, Xew York, they remained a few years, after which they came to Dane county, settling in Blooming Grove township, where the father engaged in farming. The subject of this memoir assisted in the improving and cultivation of the home farm, while he attended the district schools as opportunity offered. At the age of twenty-two years he was married, remaining on the homestead a few vears thereafter and then removing to Cottasre Grove town- ship, where he purchased the homestead farm upon which he passed the remainder of his life, - the present residence of his widow. He purchased one hundred and sixty acres, and since his death Airs. Rodefeld has purchased an adjoining forty acres, so that she now has a fine estate of two hundred acres, while the improvements on the place are of high type in every respect. Mrs. Rodefeld has shown much discrimination and executive ability in the managing of the affairs of the farm and its incidental business, and finds her greatest solace in maintaining the high standard set by her honored husband, while the homestead is endeared to her by the memories and associations of the past. She is a devoted member of the German Lutheran church, as was also her husband, and he was a stanch Democrat in his political proclivities, never seeking office but having served two years as clerk of the school board. October 25, 1867, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Rodefeld to Miss Louisa Brandhorst, who was born December 26, 1844, being a daughter of Frederic and Louisa (Lubgking) Brandhorst, natives of Germany, where they died. Two children survive the honored father : Maria Louisa, who was born August 4, 1869, and who is now the wife of John Slater, who had practical management of the homestead farm of her mother; and Carolina Louisa, wdio was born April 6, 1873. and who has been for the past five years a successful and popular teacher in the public schools of the city of Beloit, Wisconsin.

Ole K. Roe, a prominent citizen of Stoughton, is one of the leading dealers in Wisconsin tobacco in this part of the county and s a representative of one of the sterling pioneer families of Dane county, which has been his home from the t'me of his birth to the present. He was born in Pleasant Springs township, August 24, 1851, and is a son of Knud and Anna (Hellickson) Roe, who emigrated from Norway to America in 1839, first locating in La Salle county. Illinois, and two years later removing to Racine county. Wisconsin, where they remained until 1843 when they came to Dane county, where the father purchased a large tract of government land, in Pleasant Springs township. He reclaimed a very considerable portion of his land to cultivation and endured to the full the hardships and vicissitudes of pioneer life. He was renowned as a hunter, having hunted bear in his native land and having shot many deer after coming to Dane county. He had the first ox team in the neighborhood and with the same went to Milwaukee to do his milling and marketing, that being the nearest marketing point at that time, and his neighbors were permitted the use of his plodding team for the same purpose. He died in 1874, at the age of seventyseven years and his widow is still living, having attained to the venerable age of ninety years (1906) and still maintaining her home in Dane county, whose development from the wilderness she has personally witnessed. Of the ten children in the family seven grew to maturity, and concerning them the following brief record is. entered : Betsey is the wife of Ole Seamonson ; John is now deceased ; Hellick K.. was the next in order of birth; Belle is the wife of Ole Swerig; Alollie is the wife of Ole Thorsen ; Sophia is Airs. King; and Ole K.. is the immediate subject of this sketch. Mr. Roe was reared to the sturdy discipline of the pioneer farm, assisting in its reclamation and cultivation and having such limited educatonal advantages as were afforded in the somewhat primitive schools of the locality and period. He remained on the homstead farm, which comprised two hundred and eighty acres, until the year 1875, when he began his independent career, on a farm of one hundred and sixty acres, in Pleasant Springs township. He made excellent improvements and developed a valuable property, remaining on the farm until April 9, 1888. when he leased the place and took up his residence in the city of Stoughton, where he has since devoted his attention to the tobacco business, handling from six to ten thousand cases of the native product each year and having been identified with this line of enterprise for the past thirty-two years. In 1891 he erected his present commodious and attractive residence in Stoughton, still retaining possession of his farm. He is a stanch supporter of the cause of the Republican party and takes an active interest in public affairs of a local nature. He has been called to various offices of distinctive trust and responsibility and has ably fulfilled all duties involved. In 1881 he was elected treasurer of Pleasant Springs township, and in 1890 he was chosen to represent the second ward of Stoughton on the board of aldermen, in which capacity he served six years. He was honored with election to the office of mayor of the city and served five terms in this position, giving a most able administration of the municipal government and doing much to forward the best interests of the city. It was within his incumbency of this office, and largely through his influence, that the substantial and well equipped city hall of Stoughton was erected. He was elected to represent the second district in the assembly of the state legislature, serving one term. He is a great lover of fine horses and served several years as treasurer of the Stoughton Driving Park association. December 26, 18?."), Mr. Roe was united in marriage to Miss Lena Felland. daugh- ter of Ole and Helga Felland, early settlers of Pleasant Springs township. Of the four children of this union two are living, one of whom, Carl, is now a member of the Stoughton board of aldermen, from the second ward. Mr. Roe and h'.s family hold membership in Christ Lutheran church and are prominent in the social life of the community.

E. O. Roisum has been a farmer in Windsor township for many vears and is especially interested in stock-raising. Many valuable draft horses have been raised and sold on his farm. His father, Ole Roisum, was a pioneer of Dane county, who came from Norway in 1846 and purchased the farm now owned by his son. He married Miss Carrie Ethun, who was also born in Norway and came to Dane county in 18-15. They were married in Windsor and spent their entire married life upon the farm which they bought when they were first married. Nine children were born to them, of whom five are living. Their son. E. O., was born in the town of Windsor, February 3. 1850, attended the home schools and has always been a farmer. He aided his parents in the work which has improved and equipped their farm and now owns the old homestead of two hundred and fifty-seven acres. He is a Republican and has served the town in the capacity of supervisor and chairman of the board. July 3, 1871, he married Miss Johanna Rendahl, who was born in the town of Windsor, Dane county. December 14, 1849 daughter of Joe and Carrie (Johnson) Rendahl who came to Rock Prairie, 111., and later to Windsor, from Norway in 1845. Mrs. Roisum is the only survivor of the family of two brothers, who were born in Norway, and two sisters ; her parents are also dead. Mr. and Mrs. Roisum have had three children ; John E., Olans M. and one who died in infancy. John E. and Olans attended the home schools and the Dixon business college of Dixon, 111., and are engaged in managing the farm. Like their father, they are allied with the Republican party. The family has always been identified with the Norway Grove Lutheran church, of which Ole Roisum was one of the original members and the sons are members of the church choir as w^ell as of the De Forest cornet band.

Henry Roles, a miller and farmer of the town of Berry, was born in Hanover, Germany, December 29, 1847. He is a son of Frederick ancl Johanna Sommas Rolfs, both natives of Hanover. Frederick Rolfs was a farmer. Before Henry was very old his father died and his mother brought him with the rest' of the family to America. Shortly after arriving here she married Conrad Schala. By her first marriage she had three children, - Minnie, the wife of Henry Schala of Cross Plains; Henry, the subject of this sketch, and William, who operates a large farm in the town of Berry. Henry Rolfs' opportunity for an education was very limited. He lived with his parents until he was thirty years of age and then located on the place where he now lives, two hundred and sixty acres of section 31, town of Berry. The land was partially cleared, but Mr. Rolfs made all the improvements. His home he built in 1895. His fine barn was burned to the ground at one time, but with characteristic energy he replaced it with a larger and better structure. Besides managing his farm, he owns and operates a grist-mill where he does custom grinding. Politically he is a Democrat. Like his parents, he is a member of the Lutheran church ; his wife is a member of the Catholic church. On February 29. 1819, he married Isabelle Dahmen, daughter of William and Isabelle (Klertz) Dahmen. Mr. and Mrs. Dahmen were natives of Prussia, who immigrated to this country in 1859, settling in the town of Springfield, where Mr. Dahman died in 1903. They had three children, Christian and Jacob, farmers in the town of Springfield, and Isabelle (Mrs. Rolfs). To Mr. and Mrs. Rolfs has been born one son, Fritz, wdio has always made his home with his parents.

Herman L. Rothe, a prosperous farmer of the town of Deerfield, was born on the homestead where he now resides, on February 13. 1867. His parents were Lars L. and Engeborg (Molster) Rothe, both natives of Voss. Norway. Lars L. Rothe came to the United States in 1840 and for three years sa'ded the lakes; then he returned to the old country, married, and brought his bride to Deerfield township. This was in 1844. Late in that year he settled on section 32, where he remained until his death in 1898. Of his twelve children only four are living, - Torger, a resident of Hayfield, Minn.; Julia (Mrs. O. B. Stevens), of Rice Lake, Wis.; Andrew, lives in Mt. Horeb ; and Herman L.. the subject of this sketch. The mother died January 1. 1904, having made her home with her son Herman, after the death of her husband. Herman L. Rothe received a good education in the district schools of the town of Deerfield, Albion Academy and the Northwestern Business College at Madison. For a couple of years after he became of age he worked his father's farm on shares. In 1897 he purchased the old homestead, the father and mother continuing to make their home with their son until their death. Politically Mr. Rothe is a Republican. At present he is the incumbent of the office of clerk of the school board, serving his second term. His religious affilia- edifice of that society in Deerfield. On May 18. 1898, he married Helen, daughter of Ole and Breta (KggomJ Husebo of Deerfield. Airs. Rothe was born in the town of Medina on August 31, 1868, and received her education in the schools of that town. She is one of ten children, nine of whom are living. - Susan (Mrs. S. Leverson), of Stoughton; Kuute and Andrew, now living in Sioux Falls, S. D.; James, in Worthing, S. D.; Bessie and Mrs. Rothe. twins; Bessie is now Mrs. William Huebsch ; and Severt and Ole, living in the town of Medina. To Mr. and Mrs. Rothe have been born four children. - Lloyd Orrin, July 28, 1899 ; Harry William, April 2, 1901 ; Dean Bertham, August 2?, 1002 ; and Franklin Ingman, April 16, 1904. Few men have led a more devoted life than has Mr. Rothe. The consideration and fidelity with which he cared for his aged parents for so many years have been an inspiration to his friends and neighbors. Both Mr. and Mrs. Rothe are people of fine address.

August F. Roske is a well-known and successful farmer of the township of Windsor and makes a specialty of a fine breed of Plymouth Rock poultry. He also carries on a general farming and stockraising business on the farm which his father owned before him. His father, Michael Roski, was born in Germany in 1824, was educated in Germany and there married Miss Wilhelmina Lents, a native of the same place, born in 1828. Their first years of married life were spent in their native land, but in 1871 they decided to try their fortunes in the United States and accordingly came to the town of Bristol, Dane county, Wis. After a residence of a year in Bristol they moved to Windsor, obtained a farm of ninety acres and made it their permanent home. Here Mr. Roske died in 1890 and his widow, seventy-eight years of age. still lives with her son. Three members of their family of four children are living. August F. was born in Germany, February 3, 1866, came with his parents to Wisconsin when he was but eight years old and was educated in Windsor township. He early engaged in farming which has ever since been his occupation. His wife was, before her marriage. Miss Anna Reuter, who was born in Blooming Grove, Wis, daughter of Carl and Fredericka Reuter, both of whom were natives of Germany, came to the United States in an early day and located in Dane county, when it was a sparsely settled community. Their home is now in Verona, Dane county. Wis. Mr. and Mrs. Roske attend the Congregational church. Mr. Roske is allied with the

Thomas Royston, a general farmer of the village of Mazomanie, was horn in Mazomanie, Dane county. Wis., November 20, 1861. His parents were Reuben and Alary (Lockwood) Royston, natives of Yorkshire, England. Reuben's father was John Royston of Yorkshire, who emigrated to this country early in the century and was one of the first settlers of the town of Mazomanie. He bought one hundred and forty acres, built his home and lived the rest of his days on the place. In 1844 John Royston, the grandfather of Thomas Royston, came over from England. He worked at his trade of weaver and did farming here. Reuben Royston's only sister married William Ellis. Reuben Royston died in 1865. leaving four children, John, deceased; Thomas, and William and John, both carpenters in Mazomanie. After his death his wife married Daniel Kiley, a native of Wales, who has since died. By this marriage she had three children, Daniel, of Mazomlanie; Kate, wife of Edward Lawler of Chicago, and Charles of Mazomanie. Thomas Royston, the subject of this sketch, received his education in the public schools of Mazomanie. He does general farming and market gardening. For the past few years be has devoted a good deal of attention to the raising of bees and the making of sorghum. Politically Mr. Royston is a Democrat, but has never he,ld office. On January 27, 1881, he marrried Emma, daughter of Willoughby and Martha (Norton) Hawley. natives of Yorkshire, England, who came to this country in 1847. Mr. Hawley enlisted in the Union army and met his death in one of the big engagements. Mrs. Hawley has since passed away. Thomas and Emma Royston have had five children, Ella, wife of William Kelly of Madison; Reuben, a plumber in Madison; Bernetta, Charm, and Richard, at home. The children were all educated in the home schools. On December 19, 1895, Mrs. Royston passed away. Mr. Royston is an active and able member of the Mazomanie camp of the Modern Woodmen of America. Manley S. Rowley, one of the well known and representative citizens of the beautiful capital city of Wisconsin, and a veteran of the Civil War, is identified with a line of enterprise which has important and direct bearing upon the material and social advancement and priority of every community, that involved in the handling of real estate, in which line he here controls large and important interests, being known as one of the leading real-estate brokers of this part of the Badger commonwealth. Mr. Rowley comes of stanch New England stock and is a scion of a family there founded in the colonial era of our national history. He was born in Vermont, May 24, 1842, and is a son of Silas and Abigail (Cooper) Rowley, who removed to the west when he was twelve years of age. locating in Berrien county,' Michigan, where he was reared to maturity and completed his early education in the common schools. His parents both died in that state, his father having been a farmer by vocation. At the outbreak of the Civil War, in response to the first call for three-year men, Mr. Rowley enlisted in Twelfth Michigan Volunteer Infantry, of which he was made sergeant major, proceeding to the front with his command and continuing in active service therewith until September 1863, when he was transferred to the Twelfth Michigan Volunteer Cavalry, in which he was made adjutant. He remained in service for nearly three years, having taken part in numerous engagements, including the battle of Shiloh, and being a part of the troops which were in pursuit of Morgan during his famous raid through Kentucky, Ohio and Indiana. Though he was never wounded, the hardships of his army life caused Mr. Rowley's health to become seriously impaired, and after several vain attempts to recuperate his energies without leaving the field, he found it imperative to res'gn, by reason of such physical disability, and received his honorable discharge, at Lexington, Ky., June 15, 1864. He returned to his old home in Xiles, Michigan, where he remained until 1866, when he went to Ossian, Winneshiek county, Iowa, where he was engaged in the clothing business for five years, having been one of the pioneer merchants of the town. In 1870 Mr. Rowley took up his residence in Wisconsin's capital, which has been his home the greater portion of the time during the intervening period of more than thirty years. In the year mentioned he opened in Madison a clothing and furnishing-goods establ'shment, on Carroll street, building up a good trade and establishing himself firmly in the confidence and esteem of the community. After being thus engaged for twelve years Mr. Rowley ma die favorable response to overtures extended by the well known hatters, Clark Brothers, of New York city, whom he represented as a traveling salesman until 1890. in the meanwhile maintaining his home in Madison. In the year mentioned, he here established himself in his present line of business enterprise, in which his success and preceelence are of the most unequivocal order, as has already been stated. Mr. Rowley has ever been an uncompromising advocate of the principles and policies for which the Republican party stands sponsor, and he has been an active factor in its local councils. He served one term as city treasurer of Madison, giving an able and satisfactory administration of the fiscal affairs of the municipality. He is an appreciated member of

Lucius Fairchild Post, No. 17, Grand Army of the Republic, and has completed the circle of York Rite Masonry, being- affiliated with the Commandery of Knights Templar at Decorah, Iowa, while his other Masonic affiliations are with local bodies. 'On September 1, 1862, Mr. Rowley was united in marriage to' Miss Julia M. Brooks, who wad born and reared in Madison, being a daughter of one of its honored pioneer citizens, Abiel E. Brooks, who here maintained his home for more than two score years, his death occurring in July, 1891, at the patriarchal age of ninety-one years. He was one of the prominent and influential citizens of Madison, and. was the proprietor of Brooks' addition to the city, one of the most important ever platted and one that is represented in highly increased valuations. Mr. Brooks was a valued member of the board of aldermen and his influence was exerted in a helpful way in promoting the varied interests of the city which was so long his home. He was born in 1800, in Rhode Island, whence he removed to the state of New York, in its early stages of development, being prominently identified with the building of different government works, and finally becoming a contractor in connection with the construction if a canal in Canada. Later he became one of the prominent pioneers of Niles, Michigan, whence he came to- Madison in 1847. Two years later he here organized a company, of which he was made captain, and made the venturesome overland trip to the newly discovered gold fields of California, where he remained about three years, meeting with fair success in his mining operations, and returning by the Isthmus of Panama, across the Gulf of Mexico and up the Mississippi river and then onward to his destination in Madison, where he made judicious investments in real estate, through whose appreciation in value he gained a fortune. Mr. Rowley is the father of three children all living - Leslie B. Rowley, an attorney and real estate broker of Madison, Eugene C. Rowley, an agriculturalist of Virginia, and Grace M. Miller, residing in Milwaukee. Mr. Rowley nas fourteen grandchildren, nine boys and five girls, seven of the grandsons. - the sons of L. B. Rowley - being- named for their ancestors in the direct lineal line back to the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth.

Edwin M. Rublee, a prominent builder and contractor of De Forest, Wis., is a native of Albion, Dane county, Wis., of Norwegian origin. Knudt Rublee, who came to Manitowoc county, Wis., with his family, after the death of his wife in Norway, was the first representative of the family in Wisconsin. Even K. Rublee, his son. came to Albion, Dane county, in 1848, married Miss Bergit Olson, also a native of Norway, and spent the remainder of his life in Albion, where he owned a farm. He was a Republican, but not active in political matters. Ten children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Rublee, of whom eight are living. The family attended the United Lutheran church of Stoughton, Wis. Edwin M., their son, was born April 27, 1866, attended the district school and the Norwegian school at Albion and worked for some time upon the farm. The young man decided to become a carpenter and accordingly learned that trade. In 1895, he came to De Forest and has carried on an extensive building business. He is also a manufacturer of sash, doors, tanks, etc., and does general mill work. He has built up a large and prosperous -business. Since the incorporation of the village of De Forest he has been a member of the village council and is a member of the Republican party. November 28, 1897, he married Miss Maria Nordahl, who was born in Norway, daughter of N. Nordahl, and three children have blessed the marriage; Emery T., Myrtle R., and Esther B. The family attends the Norway Grove Lutheran church.

Henry Rueter is one of the successful representatives of the agricultural industry in Blooming Grove township. He was born in the province of Hartum, Germany, December 6, 1871, and is a son of Frederick and Mary (Schutte) Rueter, who still maintain their home in Germany. The subject of this sketch was reared and educated in his native land, where he learned the trade of cigarmaking, which he there followed as a vocation until the year 1889, when he immigrated to America, believing that better opportunities were afforded in the United States. When he left home his father gave him money with which to pay his passage and two dollars additional, this being his entire financial reinforcement. He arrived in New York city March 18, of the year mentioned, and had the entire sum in his possession, having worked his passage and thus retained his little patrimony. Mr. Renter soon made his way to Wisconsin, and here he was employed as a farm hand for the ensinug eleven years. At the expiration of this period, on November 5, 1900, he was united in marriage to Mrs. Sophia Swibbie, widow of Frederick Swibbie and a daughter of Carl and Mary (Brandt) Knickimer, of Blooming Grove township, Dane

-ounty. Since his marriage he 'has had the management of the farm which was owned by his wife at the time of their union. Their only child. Emma Marie, born July 25. 1901, died in infancy. Mrs. Rueter had three children by her first marriage, and two of the number are

Louis C. Russ, one of its native citizens, carries one of the largest furniture and undertaking business at Middleton, Wis He is of German parentage. His father, Louis Russ, and his mother, ncc Margaret Knopp, were born in Whitteburg, Germany. Louis Russ was driver of the stage between Heidelberg and Mannheim for ten years and came to America on a sailing vessel in 1854. For some years he lived at College Point, L. I., where he married and decided to come west with his wife. Accordingly in 1854 they made the long journey to Wisconsin and secured a farm of forty acres of wild land in Dane county, which they proceeded to clear. Since then more land has been added from time to time until a nice farm of one hundred and eighty-four acres represents the fruits of their industry. Mrs. Russ makes her home in Middleton, her husband having died in 1886. Of their four children, three are living, the youngest daughter at home. Louis C. is the oldest son and was born October 11, 1868, and educated in the home schools. He carried on the work of the farm until 1898 when he moved to the village of Middleton and commenced his present business which has been successful under his able management. His integrity and business ability have made him a prominent and respected citizen, whose judgment is of value in a number of coiporations : notably, the bank of Middleton, of which he is a stockholder and director; the Farmers' Union Telephone Company, of which he was treasurer, and the German Lutheran church, of which he is also treasurer. In political sympathies Mr. Russ is a Republican. October 6, 1898,, he married Miss Caroline Durkopp, daughter of John and Mary Durkopp of Mecklenburg Schwerin. One daughter, Mabel, and one son, Florian, complete the family circle.

Christian O. Ruste is another of the young farmers of Dane county who wisely concluded that it would be to his advantage to remain in the locality of his birth and devote his energies and intelligence to the basic industry of agriculture. He was born on the farm where he now resides, in the town of Blue Mounds, September 20, 1866. and is the son of Ole Arneson Ruste and Anne (Slimsa) Ruste. both of whom were natives of Norway. The parents were married in 1850, and about the same time emigrated to America. The father was a school teacher in his native country and followed that occupation to some extent after his arrival in America. The parents settled on the farm where their son now resides, in section 30, Blue Mounds township, purchasing the greater part of the land from the general government, and the subject of this review has some of the original deeds which were signed by President Pierce. The farm now contains three hundred and fifty acres. The father served as justice of the peace of Blue Mounds for thirty years continuously, and he also served as assessor and in other local offices. Pie was the chief promoter in forming a school district in Blue Mounds in 1854. and served as an officer on the school board from that date until within a few years of his death, which occurred on May 30, 1903. He was one of the founders of the Perry Lutheran church and a member of its congregation all the remainder of his life, contributing liberally to its support. The mother is li-ving and she makes her home with the subject of this review. Of the ten children born to these honored parents, six are living. Their names and other facts concerning them are given as follows : Anton is deceased; Inger married T. Arneson and resides in Barneveld, Wis. ; Erick has resided in South Dakota for the past twenty years ; Allen is a merchant in Charles City, Iowa ; Sarah is the widow of Rev. Mr. Syftestad, and resides in the city of Madison ; Christian O. is the subject of this review; and Anna married Martin Skindrud and resides in Klevenville, Dane county. The subject of this review was reared in the town of Blue Mounds and received his primary education in the public schools, after which he took a course in the agricultural college of the University of Wisconsin, and was graduated with the class of 1896. Pie is an enthusiastic member of the Wisconsin horticultural society and was president of the short course alumni for a number of years. After graduation he commenced his independent career as a farmer and has followed that noble occupation during the decade that has intervened. Aside from his general farming interests, which are large, he is one of the most extensive breeders of Holstein cattle in Dane county, and has met with gratifying success in every branch of what is called the agricultural industry and its allied lines. Mr. Ruste was married on January 27, 1887, to Miss Betsy Anderson, who was born in Iowa county, the daughter of Ole and Guri (Flogum) Anderson, both of whom are now deceased. They settled in Iowa county in 1852, and the father died in 1898 at the age of seventythree, and the mother passed away on January 5, 1901). aged seventyfive. During the last twelve years of their lives they had lived in retirement in the village of Blue Mounds. Mr. and Mrs. Ruste are the parents of seven children: Edwin. Olin, George, Anton, Anna, Viola, and Luella, the two eldest being at present in school at Northfield, Minn. Our subject is a member of the Modern Wood- men of America, and both he and his wife are members of the Royal Neighbors and the Equitable Fraternal Union. At this writing- Mr. Ruste is chairman of the town board of Blue Mounds, and he has held office continuously since he was twenty-two years of age. serving at different times as town clerk, supervisor, and justice of the peace. His religious faith is expressed by membership in the Lutheran church.

John J. Rutlin, a prominent farmer of Sun Prairie. Wis., is a son of James and Julia Rutlin, both of whom were natives of Norway, where they married, coming to America in 1847, and settling on a farm in Christiana township where John J. Rutlin was born, May 20, 1861. He was one of eight children and has two brothers living. His father was a strong Republican and member of the Lutheran church. He received his education in the common schools of Christiana township and in 1879 was graduated from the Northwestern Business College at Madison. Immediately following his graduation he was employed as a clerk in a general store at Madison for seven years, after which for several vears he was engaged in the tobacco business at Deerfield, being associated with a brother and cousin. He was then employed on the farm of his parents until March 13, 1894, when he bought a farm of eighty acres in Bristol. He is now engaged in raising tobacco, and in addition does both general and stock farming. He has always been a member of the Republican party and for three years served as town clerk. He was also elected town treasurer for two years and side supervisor for one year. During the six years of public service he won the confidence of the voters of his district. He and his family are members of the Lutheran church. On March 6, 1884, he was married to Anna Matilda Swan, who was born in Christiana in 1862, the daughter of Andrew and Julia (Gilderhouse) Swan, both of whom came to this country in 1843 from Norway. She was one of a family of three sons and two daughters. Her father was a Republican in politics and in religion a Lutheran. Mr. and Mrs. Rutlin have had eight children: Julia Jensina, Amanda Gustava. Joseph Irving. Adelia Josephina. Winfred Melvin. Mabel Jerona, Otto Monroe (deceased), and Sanford Monroe.

Richard V. Sager, a retired farmer of the town of Cottage Grove, was born in Orleans county, N. Y.. November 28, 1835. His parents were David and Caroline (Pangborn) Sager. the former a native of Niagara count}', N. Y., and the latter of Germany. In 1840 David Sager brought his family to Wiscons'n. His first home was in Janesville. which at that time consisted of one small store a blacksmith 49 - iii shop, a log hotel and a saloon. He had left all his household goods at Kenosha, then called Southport. After a year's stay in Janesville he pre-empted one hundred and sixty acres of land in Liberty Prairie in Dane county. Here he built a rude but comfortable home and during the first year of his residence assisted in the building of a log church where the few settlers of the region gathered for worship and friendly discourse. It happened that at one of the regular meetings a stranger attended. He laid his hat on _a desk next to' where David Sager wasitting, who noticed a paper tucked in the lining. Further exarrrina tion revealed the fact that it contained the description of his own claim. He immediately left the meeting and informed his family that he was going to Milwaukee to head off a claim jumper. The trip was made on foot, and not any too quickly, for Mr. Sager had no more than completed his transaction before the claim jumper arrived with a team. The money he raised to pay the necessary remittance was loaned at twenty-five percent interest for five years. After a residence of about two years on Liberty Prairie the faultily found themselves in such straightened circumstances that it was necessary for the son, who had been sent to the postofnce to mail an important letter, to ask credit for the stamp. The postmaster refused to give it, but informed the lad that he could work out the necessary amount. Knowing the necessity of having the letter sent, the boy agreed to the proposal, and all day long he labored with a hoe in the postmaster's garden. The family's arrival was just at the time when the wheat was being grown so extensively throughout the county. The first crop David Sager planted was put in with a wooden-tooth drag. When the time for threshing came a place was selected on the prairie, the grass was cut short, and the oxen were driven around it until the grain was separated from the straw. To clean it two forked posts were placed upright in the ground and across the top another post was laid, the top being about eight feet from the ground. When a good breeze was blowing-, Mr. Sager would climb to the top of his improvised cleaner and drop the grain by handfuls into a blanket beneath, allowing the wind to take away the chaff. During the residence on Liberty Prairie as many as thirteen families occupied the rude shanty at one time. The Sager family spent ten years on Liberty Prairie, the first five on the original one hundred and sixty acres and the rest on an eighty acre farm adjoining. After selling these two places they moved onto the farm in the town of Cottage Grove which Richard V. Sager now occupies. Caroline, wife of David Sager died March 25. 1867 and David Sager died May 23, 1894.

Richard' V. Sager received a very limited education in the district schools. He started life early as a farmer, living with his parents until their death, and then continuing to manage the farm in his own behalf. On October 15, i860, he married Nancy Ann Nichols, a daughter of Benjamin and Nancy Ann (Thompson) Nichols, a native of New York, where she was horn December 14, 1837. To this union were born five children, - Charles H., November 24.' 1863, married Ella Wheeler of Iowa, and lives on a farm adjoining the homestead ; Cora Belle, April 9, 1869, lives at home; Herbert B., June 12, 1874. at home; Estella Evelyn, February 5, 1877, the wife of William Patterson of Stoughton ; and Dora May. December 20, 1880, now the wife of A. H. Hoffman of Pleasant Springs. From time to time Mr. Sager added to the farm until it contained two hundred and fifty-nine acres, one acre being cut out for the cemetery, and worked it actively himself until the death of his wife, which occurred December 28, 1889, when he deeded eighty acres to a son, who has s'nce managed it. After three years Mr. Sager was united in marriage to the widowed sister of his first wife. For a number of years he has been practically retired, leaving the general management of the place to his sonj while he oversees the details. Politically he is a Republican, and while he has often been urged to become a candidate for office he has steadfastly refused, preferring to exercise his right of franchise without the embarassment which the incumbency of an office would naturally impose upon him. In religious matters he is affiliated with the Presbyterian church. Mr. Sager is wonderfully well-preserved, and his many hardships and deprivations seemed rather to have added to his remarkable physique than taken from it. He is of a pleasing, kindly disposition, a tra:t which all of his children seem to have inherited. Socially he is one of the leaders of the town of Cottage Grove.

Erick L. Sampson is a well-known farmer of Vienna township and was the owner of the first threshing machinery in that section of the county. Lars Sampson, his father, was an early settler of Vienna, where he arrived in 1847. Mrs. Lars Sampson, who was Miss Susan Farness, came to Vienna with Lars Sampson's family and here married Mr. Sampson. Six children blessed the marriage, of whom but two are living, a daughter, wife of T. T. Erickson, and their son, Erick. Lars Sampson owned a large property in Vienna, a farm of four hundred acres, all of the improvements having been made by himself, and for many years carried on an extensive business. He was a Republican but not an office-holder. Mr. and Mrs. Sampson on the old homestead, now managed by her son, Erick; her husband joined the Lutheran Evangelical church. Mrs. Sampson still lives died in March, 1879, eighty-two years of age. Their son, Erick L., was born in the farm on Vienna, September 20, 1858, was educated at the Wisconsin school for the deaf at Delavan, Wis., and the Gallauet college at Kendall Green, Washington, D. C. A farm of fifty-four and one-half acres is owned by him and he manages the farm belonging to his mother. For sixteen years he operated a thresher and owned a complete equipment of stacker, grain weigher, band cutter, self feeder, engine tender, clover huller, etc. Mr. Sampson is allied with the Republican party but is not an active politician. His marriage to Miss Nettie Molster occurred October 4, 1883, and four children have been borne to them: Josie R., Lawrence, now deceased, Erick and Edna. Mrs. Sampson is the daughter of Levi and Willa (Grenwis) Molster, and was born in Merton, Wraukesha county, January 26, 1859. Her father was born in Phoenixville, Pa., in 1832, and her mother was a native of Holland. They were married in Merton, Wis., and had a family of ten children, of whom eight are now living. Their children were reared in the Baptist faith, but Mrs. Sampson's family belonged to the Lutheran Evangelical church. Mr. Molster was a farmer in Wraukesha county and associatedi with the Republican party.

Arthur L. Sanborn, judge of the western district Federal court of Wisconsin, was born November ij, 1850, in Brasher Falls, a little village on the St. Regis river in the northern part of St. Lawrence county, N. Y. When he was nine years of age he came with his family to Wisconsin, and Lake Geneva, Walworth county, was selected as their home, and there his boyhood was spent and his early education received. When he was nineteen years of age he removed to Elkhorn, the county seat, and there began his study of the law, which later was continued in the law school of the University of Wisconsin. He began the practice of law in Elkhorn and remained there until 1879, holding for four years of that time - from January. 1875, to Jan_ uary 1879, - the position of register of deeds for Walworth county. In 1879 he came to Madison and the following year formed a partnership with Hon. S. U. Pinney, one of the early comers of Dane county, and a man of wide influence in the city and the state. This partnership under the name of Pinney & Sanborn lasted until the election of the senior member to the supreme bench in 1892. He later formed a partnership with John L. Spooner, and then with Messrs. Luse and Powell, under the firm name of Sanborn, Luse & Powell, which existed until his appointment to> the bench in 1905. Beside his general practice as an attorney Judge Sanborn has held various positions of trust and responsibility; from 1884 to 1887 he was a member of the faculty of the law school of the University of Wisconsin; from 1893 to 1900 he was a member of the board of examiners for admission to the bar; for several years he was a member of the Madison police and fire commission; in 1898 he was placed on the commission to revise 'the statutes and was joint editor in that work ; he was also a member of the commission on uniform legislation. Judge Sanborn was married in Elkhorn, October 15, 1874, to Miss Alice E. Golder, a native of Onondaga county, Xew York, and four children have been born to them: John Bell, Eugene H., Katherine W., and Philip (j. John B. Sanborn followed his father in the choice of a profession and is one of the most promising of the younger attorneys. He was graduated from the University of Wisconsin in 1896. with the degree of B. L., received his M. L. in 1897, and his Ph. D. in 1899. He spent one year as an instructor in American history at the University of Ohio and in September, 1 901, became a partner in the law firm of which his father was the senior partner, and another office was opened in West Superior. Upon the retirement of Judge Ronianzo Bunn from the Federal court in January. 1905, Mr. Sanborn was appointed by President Roosevelt to succeed him. The following extract from the Milwaukee Sentinel fairly expresses the attitude of the public upon.the appointment: "Through the appointment of Mr. Sanborn the district bench will receive a valuable and conscientious accession. He is a man of highly recognized legal ability, with a standing before bench and bar that will make his appointment most satisfactory. Senators Spooner and Ouarles, in recommending Mr. Sanborn as Judge Bunn's successor, have closely followed the undoubted preferences of the great majority of the members of the Wisconsin bar, and his selection will prove satisfactory to the general public as well." Judge Sanborn has no superior, possibly no equal, on the bench of Wisconsin in his knowledge of law ; this qualification, coupled his keen analytical mind and fair and impartial judgment, make him a man well fitted for his position and a worthy successor to the eminent judges who have preceded him on the Federal bench.

Ernest A. Sanders, a successful merchant of Marshall, is of Swedish parentage. His father, John F. Sanders, was born in Sweden, October 16, 1837. as was also his mother, Emily A. (Helmer) Unger Sanders, and his paternal grandfather. Carl Sanders. The parents came to Milwaukee in 185G, the following year they went to Iowa, but in 1859 returned to Wisconsin and settled in Marshall, where they have since resided. Tn Marshall Mr. Sanders began working at his trade, that of a shoemaker, which he follows at the present time, also running a shoe store in connection with his shop. In politics he is a Prohibitionist and is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church ; his wife, who died in 1888, was a Lutheran. They had four children: Ernest, the subject of this sketch; Fred; Conrad C. ; Archibald. Mr. John F. Sanders enlisted as a private in Company C of the Eleventh Regiment, Wisconsin volunteer infantry, August, 1864, and served until mustered out at the close of the war, June, 1865. His son Ernest was educated at the Marshall academy, and began life as a clerk in the vilalge of Marshall where he was born August 5, 1850. He began his mercantile life at the early age of thirteen years. In 1881 he went in as a clerk for Samuel Blascoer, one of the oldest merchants of the village, and in 1885 began an independent business, which he has successfully followed, up to the present time, building, in 1898, the store which he occupies, a building -10x80 feet. Beside his mercantile business he is largely interested in farming, stock feeding, and poultry. He is a member of the Equitable Fraternal Union, the Modern Woodmen of America, and the Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company, and attends and supports both the Methodist Episcopal and Lutheran churches. Fie was united in marriage February 24, 1806, to Miss Harma B. McPherson, born in Marshall in 1868, daughter of Elijah and Margaret (Buchannan) McPherson, of Marshall. Their children are Arnie M. ; Margaret Lucille ; Gerald Ernest. Mrs. Sanders' parents came to Marshall in 1861, which has since been their residence. Mr. McPherson was born in Franklin county, N. Y., August 15, 1822, and his wife in Scotland, January 11, 1827; she came to Canada in 1840 and was married to Mr. McPherson in 1844. They have had nine children of whom seven are living. Mrs. Sanders' paternal grandparents were Moses and Sallie (Jackson) McPherson, both born in Vermont. They came to Wisconsin and both died in Peshtigo, Wis. Mr. McPherson was a blacksmith and lived in Marshall for many years. Mrs. Sanders' maternal grandparents were Archibald and Christie (McCalpin) Buchaunan, who lived and died in Scotland.

Irving J. Sanderson, a prosperous farmer of the town of Black Earth, was born at Middleville, Herkimer county, N. Y., April 12, 1844. His parents were Joseph and Mary Ann (Farmer) Sanderso.i. natives of the same county, where the father was a carpenter. Both parents died in the county of their nativity, leaving six children, EstherA., now Mrs. Taber, of Herkimer, N. Y. ; Irving J., the subject of this sketch; Ale.-, Mrs. Jackson, of Middleville, N. Y. (de- ceased) ; Viola and Hattie, who died young; Frank H.. now a resident of Vallejo, California. Irving J. Sanderson was educated in the- district schools of Xew York. On August 6. 1862, lie enlisted in Company C, One Hundred and Twenty-first Xew York Infantry. This regiment was assigned to the Army of the Potomac, and saw service in the battles of Antietam, Gettysburg and the Wilderness, where Mr. Sanderson was taken prisoner and sent to Anderson ville prison. Later he was moved to Florence stockade and then transferred. After a sixty-days furlough he rejoined his regiment before Petersburg, and when hostilities ceased went with it to Washington, but was too ill to take part in the grand review. In July. 1865. he received his honorable discharge and returned home where he started making cheese. In 1875 he came west, settling on one hundred and tlrrty-three and one half acres of the old Manwaring place which he purchased. Later he added some ninety-six acres to this, and has generally improved the farm. He has continued making cheese while carrying on general farming, and for over forty years has been known as a famous cheese maker. In politics he works for the success of the Republican party, but has never aspired to office. On June 16, 1877, ne married Emma S.. daughter of William and Amanda Snyder Manwaring, both natives of New York. Mr. and Mrs. Manwaring were married September 22, 1851, at Burlington. Wis., where he had come in 1849 and his wife had come two years earlier. In 1853 they moved onto an eighty acre farm in the town of Mazomanie. and later onto the one hundred and sixtv acre place where the subject of this sketch now resides. Mrs. Sanderson was the second of three children, the others being George, now living in Black Earth, and Arthur H.. now a resident of Spring Green, Wis. Mr. and Mrs. Sanderson have had five children : Bessie, died November 26, 1903; William J., lives at home with his parents; Mabel, died December 14. 1888; Mary, died August 4,, 1886; and Lyman, died March 4, 1888.

Hans H. Sater (deceased), at the time of his death superintendent of the plow works at Dubuque, Iowa, was for many years a resident of Madison. Wis. He was born in Norway. December 26. 1842, son of Hulstine Sater, who was a blacksmith and manufacturer of plows. Hans H. attended the public school at his home in Norway and was taught by his father in the art of plow-making. While quite a young man he determined to try his fortunes in America, and, nothing daunted by the fact that he was destitute of money in a strange land, he went bravely to work to follow his trade. His first home in Wisconsin was at Orfordville and here he entered into partnership with a Mr. Mitchell, made plows by hand, did a general blacksmith's work and in 1875 engaged in the same business in Brodhead, where he remained four years. In October, 1879, Mr. Sater was instrumental in the organization of a company for the manufacture of plows in Dubuque, Iowa, and was made superintendent of the manufacturing department. After ten years he sold his interest in the establishment and moved to Madison, where he was employed by the Fuller & Johnson Company for five years as superintendent of the plow department. For two years he retired from active work and then went to Janesville, Wis., and superintended the manufacture of plows for the Janesville Machine Company. For some years Mr. Sater s health gradually failed, and after his death in 1904, his widow returned to their old home in Madison. For some time Mr. Sater was a partner of Mr. Hanson in the Wisconsin Wagon Company. He married Miss Barbara Jensvold, born in Albany, Wis., March 10, 1855, daughter of Christian and Sarah (Gorden) Jensvold. Three children were born to the marriage: Melvin Hjalmar, who is note clerk of the First National Bank of Madison, Wis.; Josephine, who married Herbert Kropf of Chicago, and Ada Charlotte, who lives with her mother. Mr. Sater was identified with the Republican party.

Stephen Perry Saunders is the owner of a fine farm of one hundred and twenty acres at Albion, all under cultivation, where he carries on an extensive business. He is greatly interested in stock-raising and is a veterinary surgeon. Many fine horses are raised upon his farm besides Durham cattle and Chester White hogs. In 1900 he built the store which he manages at present and where he has also located the central telephone office. Mr. Saunders is a native of Rhode Island, son of Capt. Perry Saunders of Washington county, who married Miss Emimeline Crandall of the same county. For thirty years Captain Saunders was a sea captain, navigating mainly the waters between New York and the West Indies. In 1865, with his wife and three children, he came to Albion, Dane county, Wis. and purchased a farm of three hundred and five acres in section 22. He lived there until his death in 1902. Mrs. Saunders died in 1865 and the captain married Sarah Ann Crandall. sister of his first wife, who still lives on the Albion farm. Captain Saunders organized the Albion Fire Insurance Co. and was its treasurer. He also served on the town board and took an active pairt in the affairs of the town. The family belonged to the Seventh-day Baptist church of Albion. Three children wire born to the first marriage; Stephen P., George L., who is a retired farmer of Edgerton, and Mallisa, who married Dr. A. W. Edwads and died in 1893. Stephen P. was born in Rhode Island, May 6, 1850, attended the Albion academy and lived with his parents until his marriage. January i, 1873. he married Miss Mary L. Humphrey, who was born in Christiania, daughter of Nathan H. Humphrey, who came to Wisconsin from Xew York. Mr. Humphrey married Laura A. Xeff, also from Xew York, who died in i860, leaving one daughter, Mrs. Saunders. Mr. Humphrey's second wife was Miss Louisa Cottrell. They were members of the Episcopal church and lived upon the farm in section 34. Christiania, generally known as the old Humphrey homestead, now occupied by Mr. and Mrs. Saunders. Three children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Saunders; Harlow N. died in 1883; Oliver Perry attended the Albion academy and resides with his parents ; Nathan Howard attends the Albion academy. Mr. Saunders is a member of the Democratic party hue has never desired to hold office. With his family he attends the Methodist Episcopal church.

George C. Sayle, president of the Sayle Building and Manufacturing Company, was born in Dane county on the day before Christmas. 1865. His ancestry is Irish, his father and mother, George and Mary (DeLaney) Sayle. emigrating from the Emerald Isle in the early fifties. The father was a farmer in a small way in the old country and continued in the same line of work after settling in Dane county. He died in 1891 at the age of seventy. The mother still resides in Madison and although she has passed four score years is still vigorous. George C. Sayle was the fourth in a family of six children: Anna, now Mrs. P. H. Carr of Chicago; Margaret. Mrs. Edward McDonald, died at the age of forty-one; William, died at the age of twenty-one ; George C. ; Richard, living in Madison ; and Mary, who died in infancy. Mr. Sayle received his education in the public schools of Madison. He learned his trade in the capital city and in 1890 in partnership with a Mr. Olson established the firm of Olson & Sayle. This concern lasted but a year, and then Mr. Sayle assumed the business himself, Since that time he has built a goodly proportion of the residences and a number of the new school buildings. His increase of business from year to year is evidence of the fact that his work has been highly satisfactory to his patrons. In the later eighties he served as supervisor of his ward and later served three terms in the city council. In 1892 he married Sarah, daughter of John and Honora (Quinn) Keyes of Madison. Mrs. Keyes died in 1889 and her husband March 2, 1906, at the age of ninety years. They left six children: three sons, - John. William, and Jeremiah, all living in Madison. - and three daughters, - Mary, now Mrs. McMillen of Milwaukee, Miss Elizabeth, and Mrs. Sayle. Mr. and Mrs. Sayle

D. J. Scanlon, a prosperous and enterprising farmer in the town of ( )regon, whose post-office is Brooklyn. Green county, was born in County Sligo, Ireland, July 4. 1866. He is a son of John and Elizabeth (Drury) Scanlon, natives of County Sligo, Ireland, where his father was born in 1832 and the mother in 1829. They came to Madison together in 1870, the father devoting himself to agricultural pursuits, and in 1876 removed to the farm on which the subject of this sketch now makes his home. The father's death occurred September 29, 1902. He was a Catholic in his religious affiliations and in political affairs was identified with the Democratic party. For ten years he was an officer of the board of education of his district. His widow is still living, making her home with her son, D. J. Scanlon, the eldest son. The other two children in the family were Bridget E. (Mrs. Carroll), deceased, and Michael F., a resident of Stoughtoh. D. T. Scan- Ian attended the district schools of the town of Oregon and then completed his scholastic work with a course in the Northwestern Business College of Madison, since that time merged in the Capital City Commercial College. He left school to engage in railroad work in the engineering department, where he remained one year. He left that department to become an employe of the bridge construction division and in 1889 retired from the transportation business to follow the agricultural pursuits with his father. Since that time he has been continuously engaged in farming, excepting a year in 1901-1902, when he was the Oregon agent, with Mr. Cullon, for a farm implement firm. His especial lines are the breeding of short-horn cattle and Poland China swine, which has been both remunerative, and from a scientific standpoint, successful. Politically he is absolutely independent, casting his vote as ;his judgment dictates. For the past nineteen years he has been a member of the district school board. Mr. Scanlan is unmarried. His farm of three hundred acres is one of the best improved places in the county.

Frederick Schenck, a merchant at 2016 Atwood avenue, Madison, was born in Hanover. Germany. March 8. 1848. He is the son of Christian and Marie (Meyer) Schenck, both natives of Germany. The father was a forester for the German government. His birthplace was Bevenson. province of Hanover, but because of the burning of the official records the exact date of birth is not known. It was sometime between 1810 and 1S13. He was an excellent work- man in his line. His death occurred in June, 1868. The same year his widow came to the United States, with the subject of this sketch, and located in Reedsburg. Wis. Until the time of her death in her seventy-first year, she made her home with a daughter, Dorothea Kroeger. She was a woman of noble qualities. Of her seven children four are still living. Frederick Schenck was the sixth child of the family. He received his education in the schools of his native country, including a musical training, and in 1868 brought his widowed mother to the United States. On his arrival he went to Reedsburg but later in the same year came to [Madison. He has been engaged in different occupations. He has played in a band and labored as a painter. During the administration of Governor Taylor he was employed in the state capitol. He then managed an hotel and a mercantile establishment in Leeds for fifteen years and in 1803 returned to [Madison. It was then that he established what has become known as "Schenck's Corners." He has lived in that immediate neighborhood ever since and today conducts a general mercantile store there. He inherits his father's love for nature and is greatly interested in gardening and flower raising. On July 10, 1873, Mr. Schenck led to the altar Miss Mina Kelgast, a native of Germany, who came to the United States the same year that he did. Her parents were Fritz and Sophie Kelgast. The father died in Germany and the mother in this country on October 13, 1905, at the age of eighty-eight. [Mrs. Schenck is one of six children, of whom five are living. She is the mother of seven children, two of whom, Emma. and Ella, died in infancy. Of the others, Matilda is clerk in her father's store. Herbert is employed by a lumber firm in Orfordville. He married Clara Sater, by whom he has one child, Helen. Fredrick is with the Mason-Kipp company of [Madison. Elsie and W illiam, the two youngest, are students in the [Madison high school. The family arc communicants of St. John's Lutheran church. [Mr. Schenck is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and at present is the treasurer of the order. He has held all the offices in the organization to which the local lodge could elect him. He is a type of the thrifty German citizens who in great part are the embodiment of 'the prosperity of a community.

Rev. Ernest F. Scherbel, prominent in the Evangelical Lutheran church at Middletdn, was born at Gruenlichtenberg, Saxony, April II, 1850, the son of Johann G. and Amalie (Moritz) Scherbel, both natives of Saxony, Germany. His father was active in school and church work up to the tune of his death in 1889. Ernest Scherbel was edu- cated in the common schools until 1862, subsequently in the Fuerstenschule at Meissen and the Missionschule at Leipzig. On April 1, 1870, he was enrolled as a private in the Fifth Escadron of the First Uhlans and served in the Franco-German war, participating in thirtytwo engagements. He was decorated with the Iron Cross and in 1897 received a medal on the one hundreth anniversary of the birthday of Emperor William. In September, 1871 he was mustered out as sergeant and non-commissioned officer. He then was sent as missionary to JVIarrazo, Africa, and afterward came to America. Of a large family, Ernest was the only one to come to this country, leaving two brothers and five sisters in the Fatherland. At the age of twenty-five years, he took charge of a church at Wheeling, West Virginia, from which he was called a year later to a parish at Teffriesburg, Mo. His pastorate here lasted two and one-half years and was followed by a charge at Manchester, Green Lake county, Wis., five years, after which he moved to Middleton, Wis., in April, 1884. He was married in January, 1878, to Miss Anna Schroeder of Silver Creek, Sheboygan county, daughter of William and Ernestine (Zimmerman) Schroeder. Five children were born to them ; the eldest, Alexius, is a bookkeeper for the Standard Oil Co.; the second, Herbert, is a machinist at Madison, Wis.; the third, Olga, is employed at Racine, Wis., and the two youngest daughters, Irma and Deborah, remain at home. Mr. Scherbel is faithful to the Republican party, though too much occupied with church matters to take a prominent part in politics. As a minister of the church he has been most energetic and successful. Six churches owe their establishments to his efforts and three their restoration to usefulness. At Middleton he has established many substantial improvements, organized a singing society, a men's choir and a mixed choir. Closely allied with the success of many churches and always able to notably increase the attendance upon those of which he had charge, the celebration of Mr. Scherbel's twenty-fifth anniversary of ordination was an event of importance in church circles. He also officiated at the fiftieth anniversary of the establishment of the first Lutheran church in the town of Middleton, in 1902, and in 1904, at a similar celebration of St. John's church in the town of Berry.

Charles Schernecker, president and manager of the Interurban Telephone company with offices at Sun Pra'rie. Wis., has enjoyed a noteworthy career, rising to his present position through his own persevering efforts. His family home is at North Bristol. He was born at Bristol, Dane county, "May 6, 1862, and comes o'f a fam'ly of six sons and one daughter. His parents, Lawrence and May ( Stroh- menger) Schernecker were natives of Germany, the former beingborn February 24, 1833. and the latter February 24. 1837. His paternal grandfather was Andrew Schernecker, who was born in Germany November 30, 1801, and who, with his wife, Catharine, removed to America in 1846. settling in Bristol where he took up eighty acres of land, later adding forty acres to this. He and his wife were ardent Catholics and assisted in building three different churches. They had eight children, six of whom are living. Lawrence received his education in German} and also in the common schools of Bristol. In politics he was always a stanch member of the Democratic party and he and his family were members of the Catholic church. His wife was the daughter of George Strohmenger, who was born in Germany in 1803. He married Miss Barbara Keller in Germany and came in 1847 to Bristol, where he died in 1880, his wife dying in 1876. They had six children, three of whom are living. Charles Schernecker, the subject of this sketch, received his education in the common schools of Bristol. He engaged in agricultural pursuits until twenty-six years of age, when he removed to the village of North Bristol, in which place he remained for eleven years. After two vears spent in the real estate business he became interested in the public telephone service and was one of the originators of the Interurban Telephone company, serving as its president since its organization. In politics he has long been connected with the Democratic party. He was married November 20, 1895, to Miss Florence Arians, the daughter of John and Julia (Sommermeyer) Arians, both early settlers of Bristol township. One child. Mary Julia Alice, has been born to them. Mr. and Mrs. Schernencker are both members of the Catholic church.

Frank Schey is the owner and manager of the York Center Creamery, a native of the town of York. He is of German descent , his parents. Jacob and Barbara (Weber) Schey, were born, educated and married in Germany and came to the United States soon after their marriage. They obtained a large farm in York township, cleared and improved it and made it their home for many vears. In later life they moved to East Bristol, where Mr. Schey died. East Bristol is still the home of Mrs. Schey. Mr. Schey was a member of the Democratic party and active in its interests. Of lis family of eight children, six are living. The family belongs to the German Catholic church. Frank Schey was born on the farm in York, July 3, 1873, attended the homle schools and early engaged in fanning. His farm is a well-equipped property of two hundred and eighteen acres on which he carries on a general farming business and raises considerable stock. He became interested in the creamery business and now owns and operates the York Center Creamery which he is now engaged in improving by the addition of a complete and up-to-date new building. Air. Schey is always active in promoting the best interests of the town and has served it as supervisor. He is a Democrat. February 17, 1894, he married Miss Caroline Trapp, who is a native of Hamden, "Wis. Her father, Casper Trapp, and her mother, Verona (Riedner) Trapp, reside in Columbia county. Air. and Mrs. Schey have one son, Alexander Henry, born February 17, 1896. Mr. and Mrs. Schey attend the German Catholic church. Mr. Schey is a member of the Modern Woodmen and of the Beavers.

Rev. John N. Schiltz, pastor of St. Michael's church of Dane and St. Patrick's church (Catholic), of Lodi, was born in the town of Belgium, Ozaukee county, Wis., December 4, 1872. His father, Peter Schlitz, was born in Belgium, January 21, 1841, and his mother, Susannah (Freyling) Schlitz, on October 20, 1840. They were married in Belgium and came to the United States in 1868, settling in the town of Belgium, Ozaukee county. Mr Schlitz was a wagon-maker bytrade and there kept a shop. There were three sons and three daughters in the family: Michael, (deceased); Michael, of Melrose, Minn., a teacher by profession; Mary, of Theresa, Wis.; John N., the subject of this sketch; Barbara, of Evanston, 111.; Rose, of Lake Church, the old homestead. Rev. J. N. Schlitz was educated in the public school of Belgium (later known as Lake Church), and in the parochial school of the same place for one year ; he was nine years a student at St. Francis, graduating in 1896. He was assistant pastor at Burlington for thirteen months, and four years at St. Anthony's church, Milwaukee. He served one year at Mt. Horeb and in 1902 was installed in his present position.

Albert G. Schmedeman is the senior member of the firm of Schmedeman & Baillie, proprietors of one of the largest clothing establishments in the city of Madison, and it has been largely to the former's keen practical judgment that their remarkable success has been due. Mr. Schmedeman is a native of Madison, having been born in the city on November 25, 1864, and during all of his mature life he has been identified with its bus'ness affairs. He, is the son of Henry and Wilhelmina (Camien) Schmedeman, both natives of Germany, who migrated to the United States in 1850. They came directly to Wisconsin, making the trip on the lakes as far as Milwaukee, and then drove across the country to Madison. In his native land the father learned the trade of a tailor, and upon arriving in the capital city he at once opened a shop and began work in that line, being among the first t<> follow the tailoring business there. He continued so engaged for a number of years, well-earned success crowning his efforts, and he is at present living in retirement, his good wife, who was his helpmate in the truest sense of the term, having passed away in 1901. Albert G. Schmedeman was reared to manhood in the city and received his education in the Madison public schools. He began his independent career as a salesman in the clothing establishment of Olsen, Winden & Veerhusen and continued with that firm for a number of years, thoroughly mastering the details of the business and fitting himself for the success that has attended his efforts in later years. The firm of which he is now the senior member was organized in 1888, the name at that time being Winden, Grinde & Schmedeman, but upon the death of Mr. Winden !n 1892, Messrs. Grinde & Schmedeman became the sole proprietors. Mr. Grinde disposed of his interest a few years later to E. T. Baillie, and the present well-known firmname has since appeared over the door of the popular place of business at Xo. 25 East Main Street, the place it has occupied since it was first established, eighteen years ago. The firm does an extensive business in clothing, gentlemen's furnishings and tailor-made goods, employing from fourteen to twenty tailors and several salesmen, and in addition to the brisk local trade, goods are sent to California, New York, and Texas, as well as to all of the towns surrounding Madison. Mr. Schmedeman is a Democrat in his political tendencies, but he usually maintains an independent attitude, especially in local affairs, and supports the men and policies that appeal to his better judgment. He takes a deep interest in civic matters and his ability has been recognized by an election to the position of alderman for the fourth ward of the city of Madison, which function he is now exercising. In his religious faith he is an Episcopal'an, and in his fraternal relations he has membership in the Masonic order, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Modern Woodmen of America, and various German societies. Mr. Schmedeman was married on June 1, 1893, taking as his companion on the journey of life Miss Kate M. Regan, daughter of Thomas and Susan M. (Pierce) Regan, old and respected citizens of Madison, where the daughter was bom and the father still resides. The mother, who is deceased, was a native of Dane county, and the father was born in Ireland. Mr. and Mrs. Schmedeman are the parents of two very promising and interesting children, Katharine and Albert George.

Rudolph A. Schmitt, a prosperous and well-known farmer of Sun Prairie, Wis., is a life-long resident of Dane county, having been born on the family homestead at East Bristol, June 2fi. 1849. His mother. Mary Schmitt. was born in Germany. February 19. 1823, and died at her home at Sheboygan, October 2, 1893, Rudolph Schmitt being her only child. The Schmitt family has been closely associated with the history of Dane county since an early date. Joseph Schmitt, the grandfather of our subject, was born in Germany, March 3, 1789. Coming to this country in 1845 he settled in Bristol and took up seven hundred acres of government land. Part of this land was later sold, but the five hundred and twenty acres which were retained and cleared have become the family homestead. He and his wife. Ava Schmitt, were members of the Catholic church and helped in the building of the first church of that denomination in the vicinity of their home. At one time the services of the church were carried on in their own house. They were blessed with three children, all of whom are dead. At one time Joseph Schmitt conducted a store at East Bristol. He died in 1882, his wife having passed away almost forty years before. Their son, father of the subject of this sketch, was a musician and played at the first dance given in Madison. Rudolph Schmitt was educated in the common schools and in the parochial schools. He also spent a short time in Milwaukee, completing his education there. As a farmer he has been very successful. He owns two hundred and seventy acres, which he has cleared and greatly improved and on which he raises his fancy stock, consisting mostly of short-horned cattle and Poland-China hogs. As a loyal member of the Democratic party he has served as justice of the peace for several years He and his famliy are members of the Catholic church at East Bristol. He was married May 11, 1875, to Miss Madalena Schey, who was born in Dane county, June 15, 1852. Her parents were Jacob and Barbara (Weber) Schey, both being natives of Germany, her father having been born in 1823 and her mother in 1832. Hei father came to Summit, Waukesha county. Wis., in 1846, and worked in that vicinity for seven years. He then married and came to Dane county, settling at York in 1853. He spent his last days at East Bristol where he died June 20, 1901. He had nine children, two daughters and three sons of whom live with the widow in the vicinity of East Bristol. Nine children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Rudolph Schmitt. as follows: Eleanora, February 18, 1876; Josephena, June is. 1878; Thekla, June 3, 1881 ; Annie, October 26, L883; Frank (deceased). July 24. 1880; Hellena, March 17, 1888; Henry, July G. L890; Oscar A.. March 31. 1893; Rinald, November 29. L895. Eleanora is a resident of Chicago and Josephena of Milwaukee. The others reside at home. Mr.-. Schmitt died July G. 1903.

Ernest Carl Schneider was proprietor of a barber-shop in Madison from 1865 to 1900, when he retired from active business and has since enjoyed his well-earned vacation in his pleasant home in Elmside. He was born in Saxony, Germany, October 9, 1831, son of Gottlieb and Mary (Schmidt) Schneider, natives of Germany, where they spent their entire lives. Mr. Schneider had one brother, Bruno, who also came to Madison and was killed at Beaver Dam in a railroad accident. Carl attended public school in Germany and learned the tailor's trade, at which he worked in Hartford, Conn., for five years after his arrival in the United States in 1853. He journeyed westward as far as Milwaukee in 1858, and after a few months in that vicinity came to Madison, where he was employed in a barber shop and learned that business. Not contented to remain in one place until he had seen more of the new country, he resided for short periods in Iowa, St. Louis, New Orleans and Yicksburg, where he was engaged in business at the outbreak of the Civil War. As his sympathies were with the Union cause, his neighbors invited him to leave for the north and he returned to Madison and opened a barber shop, which he managed successfully for thirty-five years. June 5, 1861, Mr. Schneider married Miss Mary Lies, born in Germany in 1839, daughter of Louis Lies, and five children blessed the marriage; Richard, (deceased); Ernest, who married Tillie Stang and resides in Madison; Amanda, Mrs. Peter Hanson of Madison ; Antoinette, a teacher in Cross Plains, and Frederick, deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Schneider purchased a home in the second ward during their early married life and some years later bought their present home in Elmside. They are members of the Lutheran church and Mr. Schneider belongs to the Turner society with which he has been affiliated since 1858. He is a Republican in political sympathy.

Justus Schneider, who is one of the substantial farmers of Springfield township, was born at Baden, Germany. March 19, 1831. His parents were Jacob and Margaret (Hoeneig) Schneider, both natives of Germany, the former being born in 1800 and the latter in 1805. They came to America in the early fifties and on September 4. 1854, settled on a farm of one hundred and sixty acres in Springfield township, Dane county, and there they lived the remainder of their lives, the father dying in 1857 and the mother in 1898. Eleven children born to these parents, of whom six are living. In politics Jacob Schneider was a Democrat, and he and family were members of the Lutheran church. Justus Schneider, who is the immediate subject of this sketch, 50 - iii grew to manhood in his native land and was educated in the excellent schools there afforded. Migrating to America in 1852, on August 28 of that year, he located at Milwaukee, and securing employment on a railroad, worked at that occupation for about four months He then came to Dane county and worked sixteen months for Colonel Bebee; and then, in 1854, located on a farm in Springfield township with his parents, where he has resided ever since. He owns a fine farm of eighty-five acres, and has made a signal success as a general farmer and stock-raiser. While he takes a keen interest in public affairs, he does not profess allegiance to any political organization and he reserves the right at all times to cast his ballot for the man or measure that meets his approbation. Notwithstanding his independent position, or perhaps in a measure by reason of it, he has been called to fill various local positions of trust, among which were supervisor for seventeen years, chairman of the town board, and, for fourteen years in succession, assessor of his township. In religious matters he and his family are members of the Lutheran church, and Mr. Schneider has been president of the committee on church affairs for twentyseven years. Justus Schneider was married April 4, 1858, to Miss Catherine Elizabeth Kramibs, who was born in Germany, June 24, 1837. She is a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Albright) Krambs, both of whom were born in Germany. They came to Milwaukee, Wis., in 1850, and made that city their permanent place of abode, the father still residing there, the mother having died there several years ago. To Justus Schneider and wife there have been born twelve children, whose names and other facts concerning them are as follows: Philip, born February 1, 1859, is a farmer of Eau Claire county. Wis.; John D., born August 21, i860, died August 4, 1864; Elizabeth, born February 13, 1862, died in 1863; Margaret, born Febrary 3, 1864, is the wife of Henry Hambrecht of Madison township; Louis, born February 14, 1866, is at home; Elizabeth, born December 8, 1867, died in 1881; George was born October 30, 1869; Catherine, born June 22. 1872, is the wife of John Tiedeman of Middleton; Jacob, born February 26, 1874, is at home; Magdalene, born January 26, 1876. died in 1881 ; Amelia, born May 23, 1878, is the wife of August Toepfer, a farmer of Madison township; and William, who was born December 4, 1881, is at home.

William Schoenburg, deceased, was one of the early settlers of Roxbury township, and during a residence there which extended .to nearly the half century mark he steadily maintained the respect and esteem of all those who knew him. He was born in Germany,.

May 9, 1825, grew to manhood there and received his education in the excellent schools of that country.- In the early days of what became a long and agreeable partnership he and wife came to America, in 1853, and selected a location in Roxbury township. Dane county, the same being the farm which is now owned by the Schoenburg brothers, sons of the subject of this review. Mr. Schoenburg was a farmer 'by occupation, and upon his arrival in Dane county purchased eighty acres of the farm to which reference is made above, and industriously began the building of a home in what was then a comparatively new country. By that tireless industry and close application to business, combined with frugality, all of which qualities are prominent characteristics of the race to which he belonged, he prospered from the beginning and soon was able to add an additional sixty acres to his possessions. To this a subsequent addition was made, and at the time of his death Mr. Schoenburg was the owner of a well-improved farm of two hundred and twenty acres - the result of his own industry and the assistance of a devoted wife. In politics he maintained an unswerving allegiance to the Democratic party, and his wife and he were active members of the Evangelical Lutheran church. Mr. Schoenburg was married in May, 1851, the Lady of his choice being Miss AYilhelmina Schiet, who was born in Germany. August 5, 1824, the daughter of Frederick and Christina Schiet, who were both natives of Germany, where they lived and died. Mr. and Mrs. Schoenburg were the parents of seven children, whose names follow: Gustave, Louisa, Lena, Edward, Bertha, Ida, and Fred. Ida, the youngest daughter, died December 2, 1900, and the others are highly respected citizens of the community in which the}' live. The mother died January 22, 1892, and the father passed away on June 1 of the same year. Schoenburg Brothers - Gustave, Edward, and Fred - are the owners of the old homestead, and have added to the domain one hundred acres more, so that it now aggregates three hundred and twenty acres of well-improved land, where they carry on the business of general farming, and in addition are largely interested in the breeding of live stock. They make a specialty of short-horned cattle and Poland-China hogs, and fine specimens of each can always be seen on their farm. Edward Schoenburg, one of the firm of Schoenburg Brothers, was married April 9. 1901, to Miss Lena Zimmerman, a native of Dane county and the daughter ot Nicholas and Mollie (Schumann) Zimmerman, early settlers of Dane township, where thev still reside.

Joseph C. Schubert, mayor of the city of Madison, was born in the city of which he is the official head, January y, 1871. His parents are Joseph and Johanna ( Marquart ) Schubert, natives of Germany, who now make their home at 403 Xorth Brearly street. Joseph Schubert was originally a cabinet maker, but for thirty years was a prominent photographer. The son, Joseph C, is one of three children, and the only survivor. He received his education in the city schools of Madison and upon the completion of his school work entered his father's photograph gallery and learned the business. In September, 1892, he purchased the father's interest and has since been successfully conducting the business. The demand for his work has been such as to necessitate the opening of galleries in two of the villages of the county - Mazomanie and Cambridge - and the call is still increasing. In the spring of 1906 Mr. Schubert was elected mayor of Madison by a majority of 1.048, after a bitter campaign. For seven years previous he had served as alderman from the seventh ward of the city. He is a stanch Democrat. On January 9, 1896, he married Frances E., daughter of John A. and Octavia ( McGinnis) Doyle. Mrs. Doyle died in the fall of 1894; her husband is now a resident of Madison. To Mr. and Mrs. Schubert has been born cue child, a son, Harold John.