Dane County, Wisconsin - The whole text, 1906 (part 5 of 29)

Prof. Stephen H. Carpenter, deceased, for ten years prior to his death occupied the chair of English Literature in the University of Wisconsin, and in the larger portion of an active life spent in the city of Madison he became well known and highly respected by the citizens thereof. Professor Carpenter was born in Fairfield, Herkimer county, N. Y., August 7, 1831, and his parents were Calvin G. and Laura (Haskins) Carpenter, both of whom were natives of New York and spent their lives in that state, the father having been a Baptist minister of considerable note. The parents died at Phelps, Ontario county, X. Y. Prof. Carpenter received his education in his native state, was graduated from the University of Rochester, and in 1852 he came to Madison and accepted a position as instructor in the I nivcrsity of Wisconsin. After officiating one year in that capacity he retired from the chair he occupied and became the editor of a periodical, known as the "Western Fireside." He edited that and other publications until 1859, and then went to Missouri for the purpose of teaching Latin in a seminary at Palmyra, in that state. But the breaking out of the Civil War and the active military operations in that section caused the institution to be closed during the period of hostilites, and after one year spent there Mr. Carpenter returned to his home in Madison. Soon after his re: turn he was appointed clerk of the city of Madison and filled that position until 1868, when he again became an instructor in the University of Wisconsin, occupying the chair of English Literature from that time until his death, December 7, 1878. In politics Prof. Carpenter was an old time Whig, but after the disintegration of that party he generally gave his support to nominees of the Democratic faith, although he was never what could be called an active politician or an "offensive partisan." Aside from the office of city clerk, mentioned above, he also served on the Madison school board for a number of years. His religious faith was expressed in his membership in the Baptist church, and although he was never a regularly ordained minister he preached a great deal in the various churches of Madison and surrounding country. Prof. Carpenter chose as his helpmate and companion on the journey of life, Miss Frances Curtis, who was also a native of Herkimer county, N. Y., being born in the village of Frankfort, and the marraige occurred on May 14, 1856. Mrs. Carpenter's father was Ira Curtis, who was born in Connecticut, and in early life followed the mercantile business. In 1853 he migrated to Wisconsin and bought a farm in Richland county, where he followed agricultural pursuits for a number of years, finally moving to the city of Madison, where he and his good wife both died at the residence of their daughter, Mrs. Carpenter. The maiden name of the mother was Nancy Myers, and she was a native of the state of New York. Although born in the same state and county, Prof. Carpenter and wife had never met until they took up their residence in Wisconsin. They saw Madison grow from a small collection of houses to a pretentious city, and Mrs. Carpenter recalls that when she first came here there was but one little church in the village. Her husband built the house in which they still reside, at 424 Wisconsin Avenue, and he planted the seeds from which grew the stately trees that now stand in front of the residence. Prof. Carpenter was a member of the Masonic order and of a leading college fraternity.

James Garrison, a well-known and greatly respected member of Rutland's farming community, is a native of England. He is a pioneer of Dane county and his life is typical of that of the fine old settlers of Wisconsin, and of whom so many started with only their willing hands as capital and have made the state what it is and incidentally gained for themselves a prosperous livelihood and many warm friends. Mr. Carrison's parents, John and Elizabeth (Carter) Carrison, were born in Cambridgeshire, England, and spent their childhood, youth and early married life in their native village. In 1854, they embarked for America and came west as far as Rut- land, bringing with them their yonng family. Mr. Carrison obtained one hundred and forty acres of wild land, which he immediately set to work to improve and it became their permanent home, where they spent the remainder of their lives. Their family were brought up in the Baptist church and of their five children, four are living. The oldest son is James, the subject of this sketch. George is a retired farmer, who makes his home in Oregon, Wis., Mary is dead. William resides in Osage, Iowa. Sarah, the youngest, makes Orleans, Neb. her home. James was born in Ramsby, Cambridgeshire, England, November 5, 1832, came to America with his parents when he was twenty-two years old but had little opportunity to go to school, as it was necessary for him to work on the farm. Until 1864 he lived with his parents and worked very hard helping to clear and improve their farm. He then bought his farm in section 14, Rutland township, and set to work upon that farm which had been very little improved. In 1859, he married and he and his wife worked together to make a comfortable home of their new property. In this they have been very successful and in 1886, they retired from active work to enjoy the fruits of their many years of industry. Mrs. Carrison was Miss Mary Ann Tibbit, daughter of Edward and Ann (Roth) Tibbit of Norfolk, Eng., and is one of a family of ten sons and daughters. Mr. and Mrs. Tibbit came to America in 1854 and settled on a farm in Rutland. Mrs. Tibbit lives in Stoughton and his been a widow since 1889. Mary Ann is the oldest daughter; Jane resides in Mitchell county, Iowa; George in Mason City, Iowa; Becky in Northwood. Iowa; Fredrick is a farmer in the town of Dunn, Dane county; Sarah, Edward, Ruth and an infant child died ; Susan lives in Rutland. Mr. and Mrs. Carrison have had three children. Charlotte married Peter O. Thompson, a farmer of Deerfield, Dane county, Wis. Twelve children make up their family circle; Henry, Ann, William. Emma, James, Herman, George, Clara, Chester, Raymond, Martha and Peter, Jr. Martha Carrison, the second child, is the wife of Seth Stockton, a farmer of Dunkirk and has two children, Irene, and Leslie. Annie died in infancy. Mr. Carrison is a Republican in his political sympathies, has been school treasurer and held other local offices. He is a member of the Baptist church, which his family also attend. His children have been educated in the Rutland and Stoughton schools, in which he has taken an interest since the early days. While Mr. and Mrs. Carrison suffered many of the hardships of a young and wild country, they have likewise reaped its rewards.

Orson Carskaden was the owner of a large and valuable farm in the town of York. He was born at Salt Point, Dutchess county, N. Y., August 17, 1818, where his father, James Carskaden, was a wheelwright. James Carskaden was a native of Dutchess county and was there educated and married. His wife was Miss Harriet Adsit of Dutchess county, and nine children were born to the marriage, of whom two are living. Mr. Carskaden was of Scotch ancestry and his father came to the state of New York in colonial days and served his country in the Revolutionary War under General Wayne. Orson Carskaden was educated in Dutchess county, N. Y. , and came to Wisconsin in 1848. He purchased an eighty acre farm in Dane county, improved it in every way and added to it one hundred and twenty acres, making a farm of two hundred acres in a fine state of cultivation. Mr. Carskaden raised considerable stock and devoted special attention to his Durham cattle and Poland China hogs. He was a Republican and held office as treasurer and supervisor in York township. For years Mr. Carskaden was in the Masonic order and was the oldest member of the Waterloo Lodge, No. 63, F. and A. M. He also belonged to the Waterloo Lodge of the I. O. O. F. during its entire existence. In November, 1839, he married Miss Lovina Bashford, who was born in the state of New York in 1822, the daughter of George and Tamina (Woodward), Bashford, who came to Dane county from New York in the early days and spent the residue of their lives in the town of Medina. Mrs. Carskaden died May 12, 1876. Seven children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Carskaden ; four are deceased, Mary, Tamina, Annette and William ; Harriet, Laura and George are the surviving members of the family. In May, 1879, Mr. Carskaden was married a second time, his wife being Miss Amarilla Dodge, daughter of Willis Dodge, elsewhere mentioned in this work. Mr. Carskaden led a long and interesting life and took an active part in the work which built up a great commonwealth in the half century of his life in Wisconsin. He died November 23, 1905.

Michael Cashen, (deceased), was born in Ireland, January 2, 1835. His mother died in Ireland, when he was a baby, and his father, Anthony Cashen, afterward came to America and settled in Vermont, where he spent the remainder of his life, living to the extreme old age of ninety-three years. The subject of this sketch was educated in Ireland and came first to Vermont, where he was married, May 2, 1855, to Miss Margaret Dempsey, the daughter of James and Nancy (Foley) Dempsey. They came to Wisconsin the same year, and the following year came to Madison. Mr.

Cashen bought two farms near Richland Center, Richland county, but not finding farming a congenial occupation, he sold them, and returned to the business which he had been engaged in in Vermont, before coming west, that of yard-master for the railroad. He subsequently owned a farm in the town of Blooming Grove but never lived on it. He occupied the position of yard-master for forty-two years, working up to one week of the time of his death, which occurred April 11, 1897. Mr. Cashen was in his earlier life a Democrat, but of later years voted with the Republican party ; he was a member of St. Raphael's Catholic church, and belonged to the St. Raphael's benevolent society, and to the Catholic Knights. Mrs. Cashen was seventeen years old when she came with her parents to the United States; after her marraige to Mr. Cashen, in Burlington, Vt, her parents accompanied herself and husband to Wisconsin. Mr. and Mrs. Cashen have had thirteen children : the three oldest boys are dead ; there are five sons living, James, John, Michael, Harry and Gregory, and five danghters ; Mrs. P. Regan, Katherine, Mrs. Francis Cox, Margaret and Mrs. Bessie Dugan. The children were all born in Madison, except Mrs. Regan who was born in Portage. When Mr. and Mrs. Cashen came west much of the land lying between the lakes was swamp land, and they saw its evolution from that state into the beautiful city of today. Mrs. Cashen owns her comfortable home at 402 W. Wilson St., and other property in the city.

Hon. John B. Cassoday, chief justice of the supreme court of Wisconsin, is the distinguished successor of a long line of jurists who have, in something over the half century since the establishment of that branch of the judiciary in the state, handed down that long line of decisions which have given Wisconsin its high rank in the courts of last resort. He was born in Herkimer county, N. Y., July 7, 1830, and was left fatherless at the age of three years. His mother returned with him to her own people in Tioga county, Pennsylvania, and the story of his early life is one of poverty and privation, which only strong native powers would have enabled him to overcome, and to have insured, despite hardships, that success which has merited and received the highest recognition. His early education was attained at the district schools at irregular intervals while he worked for his board at the same time. He took advantage, however, of every opportunity to increase his store of knowledge and managed to supplement the meager instruction of the country school of the early days with one term at the school in the village of Tioga, and another at the

Wellsborough Academy. At the time he was seventeen years old and during the next four years, he crystallized his elementary learning into more exact form by teaching, when opportunity offered, and. meanwhile,, worked at whatever employment could be obtained. Later he was able to spend four years in academic study, two at Knoxville Academy, Pennsylvania, and two at Alfred Academy, New York, and was graduated from the latter. He spent one year at the University of Michigan and later entered the law school of Albany, N. Y., and read law with an attorney of Wellsborough, Pa. The decade immediately preceding the Civil War was one of active immigration to the comparatively new region in the upper Mississippi valley, then known as the Northwest, and the young attorney followed the line of march of these soldiers of fortune, and coming to Wisconsin in 1857, settled in Janesville, and continued his study of law under the direction of Judge Conger, one of the leading attorneys of that time and place. The following year he became a partner in a local firm under the name of Bennett, Cassoday and Gibbs, and continued this association until January, 1866. The two years following he carried on his practice alone, and then formed a partnership with Mr. Merrill which lasted until 1873, when the latter retired from practice. The firm of Cassoday and Carpenter succeeded that of Cassoday and Merrill and continued until November, 1880, when, a vacancy having occurred on the supreme bench by the death of Chief Justice Ryan, in October, and the promotion of Associate Justice Cole to that office, John B. Cassoday was appointed by Governor Smith to fill the same. In April, 1881, in April, 1889, and again in 1899 Judge Cassoday was elected, each time without opposition. In 1895 he was promoted to the position of chief justice to succeed Hon. Harlow G. Orton. In 1898 he was made president of the Bar Association of Wisconsin. Judge Cassoday's political record previous to his advancement to the supreme bench was one of active, though temperate support of the Republican party, with which he has been affiliated since its organization. He was a delegate to the national Republican convention in Baltimore, which renominated Lincoln in 1864, and served upon the committee of credentials. He was elected to the assembly in 1864 and again in 1876. both times filling important positions, the first time on the railroad and judiciary committees and the second as speaker of the assembly, serving in each position with credit to himself and satisfaction to his party. He was chairman of the Republican state convention for 1879 and entered actively into the campaign. The following year he was delegate -at-large to the national convention at Chiaocg and chairman of the Wisconsin delegation. He presented the name of the late E. B. Washburne as Wisconsin's choice for the chief executive and supported his nomination by a brilliant speech ; and later with fifteen other Wisconsin delegates broke the deadlock in the convention by announcing the transfer of their votes to James A. Garfield. He took a very active part in the presidential campaign of that year as he had frequently done on other similar occasions.

As a practicing attorney, Mr. Cassoday was one of the ablest and most successful in the state. Endowed with a well-balanced, keen and analytical mind, he brought to the work of his profession in addition, an abundance of hard work and painstaking industry. These qualities, combined to his ever courteous treatment of an opponent, and his conscientious attitude toward court and client, not only earned for him the sincerest respect of the profession, but brought him a great volume of business during his twentythree years of general practice. A few of the more important cases in which he was engaged are the following: Jackman will case, 26 Wisconsin. 104; Chapin will case, 32 Wisconsin, 557; Culver vs. Palmer, Smith vs. Ford, 48 Wisconsin, 115; Rowell vs. Harris Manufacturing Co., and Sargeant Manufacturing Co. vs. Woodruff, the two last being patent cases in the Federal courts. To the bench. Justice Cassoday brought a well-stored mind and untiring energy. His decisions have been characterized by keen analysis, patient search for all the underlying facts, and a masterly grouping of details, which have caused his opinions to be quoted as authority throughout the land. He is widely known to the profession as an authority on the important subjects of constitutional law and wills ; a few of the opinions he has written which bear on these subjects, and which have been widely quoted in the courts of other states and by well-known text writers, are, constitutional law : Wisconsin Central Railway vs. Taylor County, 52 Wis., 37 ; Baker vs. State, 54 Wis., 368 ; Cathcart vs. Comstock, 56 Wis., 390 ; Chicago & Northwestern Railway Company vs. Langlade County, 56 Wis., 614; State ex. rel. vs. Forest County, 74 Wis., 610 ; State ex rel. vs. Ryan, 70 Wis. 676 ; J. S. Keator Lumber Company vs. St. Croix Boom Company, 72 Wis., 62 ; State ex. rel. vs. District Board, 76 Wis., 203; State ex. rel. vs. Mann, 76 Wis.. 469; State ex rel. vs. Cunningham. 82 Wis., 39 and 83 Wis., 90; State ex rel. vs. Stewart. 60 Wis.. 587: On the subject of wills; Will of Mary P. Ladd, 60 Wis., 187; Scott vs. West, 63 Wis.,

In addition to his official duties, Justice Cassoday has found time to lecture for many years to the college of law of the University of Wisconsin, and has thus found means to impress upon the young men of that great institution his views of the important topics of constitutional law and wills. His well known work entitled "Cassoday on Wills" is used as a text book in the University of Wisconsin law college, and in several other law schools. No student who has ever taken work under Justice Cassoday has failed to be impressed by the profundity of his learning, or his sympathetic kindness as a man. He was universally beloved by all his students for his many lovable qualities as a friend and teacher, while all respected him for his scholarly attainments.

Justice Cassoday is the author of various papers which he has prepared for literary societies and other learned bodies from time to time, among which are, The Law and Lawyers, Lord Mansfield, The American Lawyer. American Citizenship, Our Magna Charta, John Scott, and John Marshall ; James Kent and Joseph Story, in Yale Law Journal, volume 12, pages 146-153, and Mathew Hale Carpenter, about to appear in a book containing sketches of sixty of the most eminent American jurists, who died prior to 1900.

John Catlin, one of the earliest pioneers of Madison, was born in Vermont in 1803, and was admitted to the bar in the east in 1833. He was clerk of the territorial supreme court of Wisconsin at its first session in Belmont, 1836, and continued in that capacity in Madison until 1839. In February, 1837, when the Hon. Moses M. Strong, of Mineral Point, began to plat the town site of the future capital in the neighborhood of the Capital Park, he was assisted in the work by John Catlin. On February 15, 1837, a postoffice was first established in the town of Madison, and John Catlin was appointed the first postmaster. Owing to the lack of mail facilities, the office was not opened for business until May 27, succeeding, and then the first mail was received and distributed in Eben Peck's log house on lot 8. block 107. August 20, 1842, Mr. Catlin was again appointed postmaster, serving until December 28, 1844, when he was succeeded by his brother. Steptoe Catlin. When first appointed, Mr. Catlin employed the half-breed, St. Cyr, to build him a log house where the present postoffice now stands, north corner of Mifflin street and Wisconsin avenue. This was the first attempt to erect a permanent building, which was not roofed and finished until summer. (The Story of Madison, by Reuben Gold Thwaites.) Mr. Catlin was admitted to practice before the supreme court in 1839, and was the first lawyer in the county and the 'first district attorney, (1839). He was a member of the first "Board of Visitors" of the University of Wisconsin, and was chosen secretary at the first and only session of the board, December 1, 1838, at which session the legislature was requested to at once appropriate the congressional land grant of two townships for the benefit of the proposed university. He served as clerk of the territorial house of representatives, 1838-1846, and was secretary of the territory, 1846- 48 ; was president of the Milwaukee & Mississippi Railroad Company for a number of years, being the first railroad in the state ; was the first Dane county judge, as distinguished from probate judge, and served from January 1, 1850 to October 31, 1850; was a member of the territorial council, 1845 ; a life member of the State Historical Society ; charter member and first Master of Madison Lodge No. 5, Masons, 1844 ; one of the incorporators of the Madison Mutual Insurance Company, 1851 ; was one of the organizers of the Madison Select Female school (May, 1842), which was maintained only a year, and an incorporator and first president of the Madison Female academy. 1846. In 1846 he started the first abstract office in Dane county and the second in the state, in association with E. M. Williamson. The first church society organized in the village of Madison was one wherein sixteen of the leading pioneers, including John Catlin, unite to form a parish of the Protestant Episcopal church, 1839. Mr. Catlin died at Elizabeth, N. J., August 4, 1874.

Chandler Burnell Chapman was born in Middlebury, Yt., July 7, 1815. He received his earlier education in his native state and was graduated from a College of Medicine in the state of New York where he was married to Miss Mary Eugenia Pease in June, 1837. The young couple settled in Trumbull county, Ohio, where Doctor Chapman practiced his profession until May. 1846, when he came to Madison, Wisconsin, then a settlement of less than four hundred persons. He accomplished the journey in one week's time by means of private conveyance, steamboat and stage. In addition to his practice of medicine and surgery in Madison, Doctor Chapman devoted a part of his time to his duties as professor of chemistrv and other studies at Miami and Cincinnati Colleges of Medicine. At the outbreak of the Civil War he accompanied the Sixth

Wisconsin Regiment as surgeon and later was appointed surgeon of the famous Iron Brigade, which contained among others the Second, Sixth, and Seventh Wisconsin Regiments. During the later years of the war Doctor Chapman served as medical director of the Army of the Rio Grande under General Heron, - his entire service covering the period between June, 1861 and August, 1864.

Dr. James A. Jackson. #one of the most eminent surgeons of southern Wisconsin in speaking of Doctor Chapman said : "I have the happiest recollection of my old friend Dr. Chandler B. Chapman. I remember how in my enthusiasm I looked up to the old doctor as a monument of skill and wisdom and how I earnestly hoped that the day would come when I too would be as great and as good a man. He was a most able chemist and was recognized as one of the most capable surgeons of his time, and as I look back upon him I believe him to have been much in advance of his time in surgery. I used to listen with great intentness to his discourses on the various new chemical processes of which he was the master and nothing pleased me more than to hear him describe the steps of some difficult operation which he had performed, and not infrequently they were operations which would be considered difficult, and would be undertaken, only by the foremost surgeons of this time. From his words I gathered much of the inspiration that has been so useful to me in my later career. He was one of the organizers of the Dane County Medical Society, other members of which were Dr. Favill, Dr. J. J. Brown, Dr. Heath, Dr. Jos. Hobbins. Dr. Wm. Hobbins and others. He was a man of courteous manner, kind and affable to his friends, associates and patients, and was held in the highest esteem by all the members of his profession."

Doctor Chapman was very fond of travel and made two journeys to the Old World, spending a year and more on each trip. His observations at these times formed the subject matter of many lectures delivered at Madison and other places. During the later years of his life he became deeply interested in the development of the state of Kansas and spent much of his time in Emporia, the home of his daughter, Eugenia, who was the wife of Almerin Gillette, a prominent lawyer and state official. Doctor Chapman died at his home in Madison, May 18, 1877, leaving a widow, a daughter, Eugenia Gillette, and a son. Chandler Pease, all of whom have since died.

was born in Madison, December 15, 1870. His parents were General Chandler P. and Sarah E. (Turner) Chapman, the former a native of Ohio, and the latter of Jefferson county, Wis. Chandler B. Chapman for three years attended the University of Wisconsin with the class of 1891. For a time after leaving college he was employed in the office of the city engineer, and then went into the abstract office with his father. In 1900 he gave up the abstract business and removed to Williamsburg, Va., where he had purchased several farms. In 1903 he returned to Madison and has made his home here since. During the Spanish-American War Mr. Chapman was first lieutenant and adjutant of the First battalion. First Wisconsin Infantry, and was also ordinance officer for that regiment. The troops were at Jacksonville, Fla., some four months, during which time the First Wisconsin lost seventysix men through sickness. Mr. Chapman married, on June 18, 1896, Miss Frances Bunn, a native of Sparta, and daughter of Judge Romanzo Bunn. To this union was born one child, Sarah, who died in August, 1900, at the age of two years. Mr. Chapman belongs to the Chi Psi college fraternity and he and his wife are members of the Presbyterian church.

Chandler Pease Chapman was born in Bristol, Trumbull county. Ohio, February 13, 1844. He came to Madison with his parents, Dr. Chandler Burnell and Mary (Pease) Chapman in 1846 and resided there until his death May 12, 1897. In 1861, at the age of eighteen, he enlisted in the Civil War as private in Company D, Sixth Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry and was appointed hospital steward under his father, the surgeon of the regiment. Having been discharged for disability in 1862, he returned to Madison and engaged in newspaper work. Later he became proprietor of the Dane county abstract office in which business he remained the rest of his life. Considering a thorough knowledge of law important to his success in his business he prepared himself for the state examination and was admitted to the bar. His study of probate and real estate law was especially thorough and his opinion on any point of law in these branches was especially sought after by most members of the Madison bar. He* was prominent in the order of Free Masonry, a leader in the Presbyterian church, an active curator of the Historical Society and recognized on the board of supervisors and in other fields of civic usefulness as an energetic, clear-headed, public-spirited worker with whom it was an inspiration to be associated. He achieved his widest reputation, however, in connection with the Wisconsin National Guard which he re-or- ganized and placed on a footing equal in many respects to that of any state in the Union. His service in the state militia began in 18T9 as captain of the Lake City Guard. In 1881 he became assistant inspector general (with rank of lieutenant colonel). January 2, 1882, under Governor Rusk, he was appointed adjutant general (with rank of brigadier general) and continued in this same office until January 7, 1889. The great work which he did in this capacity is thus described by his successor Gen. Charles King in an article published in Outing (Volume 18, pages 34 - 112) under the title of "The National Guard of Wisconsin." "It was Chapman who moulded the scattered battalion and companies into regiments each in its own district ; Chapman who strove from the outset to eradicate all the old militia parade ideas and to bring the Guard to a business basis ; Chapman who chose the regular army as the standard for Wisconsin soldiery; and who first brought regular officers in as instructors and 'Coaches' of the raw command. It was he, who little by little, weaned 'the boys' from their first loves, the tailed coat and plumed shakos and taught them to be men in the regulation dress of the regular service. It was he who devised the methods for the rapid mobilization of the Guard ; planned their service, uniform and equipment ; exploded the old inspection system and started the new one ; instituted the regimental camps with 'regulars' as drill master and coaches ; originated the annual conventions and has presided over their deliberations from that time to this (1891), and it was he who fathered the impulse that made practice with the rifle the most important item in the instruction of our guardsmen, and who was the leader in the movement that secured to our state soldiery the admirable tract of land for our encampments and the rifle ranges pronounced by every expert who has visited them unequalled in the whole country." Few aside from General Chapman's intimate friends realized the difficulties that had to be overcome in the re-organization of the National Guard. The popular idea of the "Militia" was shown plainly by Governor Rusk on an occasion when he was asked to co-operate in an effort to get a much needed appropriation from the legislature. His refusal to help was accompanied by the statement that "a few companies of my old veterans are worth more than the whole National Guard." It remained for the Milwaukee riots in 1885 to prove the value of the National Guard, and in this connection a bit of heretofore unwritten history may be interesting. A few thinking men had feared a riot for some time, but the large majority believed that the trouble would soon blow over. The governor made a personal investigation at South Milwaukee, and came home with his famous remark, "These men need bread, not bullets." Believing this and perhaps fearing the effect of the order on the popular mind he naturally refused to approve an order for ammunition which General Chapman wished to send in to the Rock Island arsenal. Practically speaking there was no ammunition in the armories ; and when the troops were finally rushed in on a night call to save Milwaukee, there was not enough ammunition to serve three rounds apiece to the men. If the rioters had known it they had Milwaukee at their mercy and with this knowledge the scenes that had only a short time before been enacted at Cincinnati wouLd have been repeated, and probably with more violence, at Milwaukee. General Chapman had, however, so firm a belief that there would soon be trouble that when refused permission to order the ammunition that was so sorely needed, he wrote personally to the Rock Island arsenal asking that an ample supply be placed in the express office ready for shipment on telegraphic order. This order was not long delayed, for the trouble- in Milwaukee grew more serious, the sheriff became unable to cope with the situation and finally a hurried consultation resulted in a night call for the troops. In a few hours they were pouring into Milwaukee and the law abiding citizens breathed easier ; but the few who knew the facts in regard to the ammunition supply worried through many anxious hours before the trucks finally rolled in laden with the heavy square boxes that meant so much to the city. It was unquestionably this forethought that saved the day, for without this ammunition the troops could not have taken the march and fired the volleys that broke the back of anarchv in Wisconsin. In the autumn of 1892 General Chapman was stricken with paralysis and was thereafter an invalid. Although he partially recovered his faculties and spent much time in genealogical research and in his duties as recorder of the Loyal Legion, his public work was over. The following with much of the subject matter of this article was taken from a memorial published in the proceedings of the Wisconsin Historical Society: "He will long be remembered throughout the state as a man of remarkable energy, splendid organizing abilities, marked individuality, yet with a heart as gentle as his career was spotless." In 1866 he was married to Miss Sarah Turner, daughter of Peter H. Turner, a pioneer of eastern Wisconsin. Mrs. Chapman survives him with their daughter, Annie Turner, and son. Chandler Burnell.

a most eventful and useful life spent in agricultural pursuits and as a public official, and also as a defender of the flag during "the days that tried men's soiils." He was born at County Armagh, Ireland, October 11. 1831, and is the son of Andrew Donaldson and Constantia (Jamison) Charleton, also natives of the same country. The father removed his family to America in 1843, and then continued his migration westward, intending to locate in the state of Michigan. Being informed that his proposed destination was an unhealthy country he decided to come to Madison. Wis., then the embryotic capital of a future state. On May 4, 1844, he landed with his family at Milwaukee, in which place he remained until July, and then went to Walworth county, locating eight miles east of Whitewater. The father had previously selected a farm there, but it not being as large as he desired he came to Dane county and secured more land, in what is now the town of Verona. When they entered the town of Verona it had not yet been named, and only a few white settlers were to be found within the limits of that congressional township. Those who were there had settled at Verona Corners and were almost unanimously of the type known as Pennsylvania Dutch, although a settlement of Scotch people was found along the Sugar river in the west part of the township. In the town of Verona, William Charleton, whose name introduces this review, grew to manhood. He spent his early life on his father's farm, attended the pioneer institutions of learning, and was able to obtain a very good education. In 1852, having reached the proud age of twenty-one years, he decided to seek a home further west. He walked to Galena. 111., and there took a boat for St. Paul. The government had just thrown open the Fort Snelling reservation, which now comprises Hennepin county, Minnesota. The government's price on the land was $1.25 per acre and Mr. Charleton with many other prospective purchasers, waited at St. Paul, the militia refusing to allow any one to cross the river. Where Minneapolis now stands there were then but a few small shanties, and the home-seekers remained several weeks waiting to get to the land office - and then were astonished and chagrined to learn that the tract of land had been preempted on the steps of the capitol at Washington, and had been bought by a half-dozen men, who immediately raised the price to twelve dollars per acre. Mr. Charleton returned to Galena, a sadder and wiser man. and from that place walked home in two days, the distance being eighty miles. He then entered eighty acres of land in the town of Verona (a farm that he still owns) and began improving it. In those early days there was very little money in circulation, there being nothing but a little gold and silver coin, and it was almost impossible to raise the money with which to pay taxes. Mr. Charleton cut wood and hauled it to Madison, where he sold the same for $1.25 a cord, and then was obliged to take his pay in flour and groceries. Just after the completion of the railroad from Milwaukee to Madison he hauled a load of wheat to the latter place, and he was among the first to patronize the new market. But with all the drawbacks and hardships of those early days, the neighbors were congenial and were ever ready to divide with each other, and Mr. Charleton says that he sometimes regrets that the good old days are gone. In addition to attending and improving his pioneer farm he commenced teaching school in the town of Springdale and followed that occupation during a portion of each year until the breaking out of the Civil War. Mr. Charleton enlisted, on November 8, 1861, in Company B of the Eleventh Regiment Wisconsin Infantry as a private. The first engagement in which he participated was on August 2.

1862, at Wilkinson's Plantation in Mississippi. By his soldierly conduct he won the esteem of his superiors and by successive promotions he reached the grade of second lieutenant on January 23,

1863, and served as such in the desperate battle of Port Gibson on May 1, 1863, also at Willow Springs, Jackson, Miss., Champion's Hill, Black River Bridge, and throughout the entire siege of Vicksburg, his company being continually on guard for fatigue duty. During the siege of Jackson that followed the fall of Vicksburg he was very active, and on July 14, 1863, was promoted to the rank of first lieutenant. In February, 1864, he re-enlisted as a veteran and took part in all the subsequent service of his regiment until the final assault at Fort Blakeley, Ala., on April 9, 1865, when he was severely wounded while leading his company against one of the fortifications. He was sent to the hospital in New Orleans and four weeks later came to Madison, but he joined the regiment again in August, was promoted to captain of his company on August 23, and served with his command until mustered out at Mobile, Ala., September 4, 1865. Mr. Charleton then returned home and at the autumn election was chosen as one of the Dane county representatives in the general assembly, serving during the session of 1866. The following autumn he was elected county treasurer and served two terms, and again in 1875 he was chosen as a member of the general assembly. He also served one term as sheriff of the county, during the years 1878-9. He joined the Republican party when it was first organized in the capitol park at Madison, in July,

1854, and affiliated with that political organization until within the past few years, during which he has assumed an independent position, supporting men and measures that meet his conscientious approval, regardless of the party guidon they may happen to bear. He has served eighteen years, on the county board of supervisors, having been first elected to that position in 1860, and after the close of the war served continuously until 1878 ; and was again elected to the same position in 1896. While holding public office at intervals he studied law and became very proficient in the knowledge of it. but he never practiced the profession, except to give advice to friends, as he did not like the methods employed in the regular practice. He says, however, that the fault lies more with the clients than with the attorneys, a fact that is quite generally recognized. Mr. Charleton remembers well the first church built in the town of Verona, and he attended the first meetings ever held therein. He also listened to the first sermon delivered in the town by Matthew Fox, an uncle of Dr. Philip Fox of Madison, and frequently listened to the latter's father, who was a Methodist missionary. Rev. M. A. Fox organized the first church in what was then known as the "Scotch Settlement" on Sugar river, and the Methodists were organized about the same period. Our subject remembers well one Sabbath when the Rev. M. A. Fox preached. The church was too small for the large audience, so the meeting was held out of doors in Mrs. Robinson's yard. While the reverend gentleman was talking one of the good lady's hens flew toward him. and Mr. Fox remarked to Mrs. Robinson, "The Fox has scared your hens." In the Charleton family there were eight children, but only four are now living, one of whom is the subject of this review. Mr. Charleton was married on June 2, I860, the lady of his choice being Miss Elizabeth Eleanor Fargo, born in Erie county. Pa., April 15, 1837, the daughter of Robert and Eleanor (Randall) Fargo. These parents are deceased, as aje also all of their eleven children. Mrs. Charleton having passed away February 3, 1899. As regards the ancestry of Mr. Charleton it was commonly supposed to have been Scotch-Irish, but upon investigation it was found that he was Xorman-French, his ancestors having been in the north of Ireland for about four hundred years, and they were there at the time of the Irish conquest. They came to England with William, the Conqueror, and went to Ireland during the reign of Henry the Second, with Strongbow. John Charleton, an ancestor of our subject, was one of the first seventeen members of the Order of the Garter. Six children were born to William

Charleton and wife, of whom Amsley and Eleanor are deceased ; William, Jr., resides at home ; as does also Fannie ; and Florence and James are deceased. Mr. Charleton is a member of the Presbyterian church. He is a member of the G. A. R.

James Willis Chase is a representative of one of the honored pioneer families of Dane county, where he has passed his entire life. He is one of the extensive farmers and stock-growers of Bristol township, is the owner of the well equipped grain elevator in the village of Sun Prairie, where he is also interested in the lumber business, and is one of the well known and popular citizens of this section of the county. Mr. Chase was born on the old homestead farm, in Bristol township, this county, September 27, 1852, being a son of Moses and Sarah (Ives) Chase, the former of whom was born in the village of Craftsbury, Orleans county, Vermont, in 1820, while the latter was born in Erie county, New York, in 1830. John Chase, grandfather of the subject of this review, was a scion of a family founded in New England in the colonial days, and he passed the closing years of his life in Orleans county, Vermont, having been a farmer by vocation. The maternal grandfather. Riley Ives, came from the state of New York to Wisconsin in an early day, settling in Palmyra, Jefferson county, and continuing resident of this state until the close of his life. Moses Chase was reared and educated in Vermont and came to Wisconsin about 1850, settling in Bristol township, Dane county, where he reclaimed a valuable farm, the same being now in the possession of his son, subject of this review. He removed to Spokane, Washington, in 1898, and is there living retired, having acquired a competency. He is a Republican in his political proclivities, and he and his wife have long been members of the Methodist Episcopal church. They became the parents of nine children, and three sons and two daughters are now living. James W. Chase secured his rudimentary education in the district schools, after which he attended the high school in Sun Prairie and later was a student in the University of Wisconsin for one term. He was reared to the sturdy discipline of the farm, and has never abated his allegiance to the great basic art of agriculture, through his identification with which he laid the foundation of his notable success. He now owns two fine farms in Bristol township, the area of his landed estate being five hundred and twenty acres, and he resides on one of the farms, being engaged in diversified agriculture, including the raising of tobacco upon a large scale, and in the raising of live stock. In 1897 Mr. Chase erected the grain elevator in Sun Prairie, and has since conducted the same, his eldest son, Frederick W., being now associated with him in the enterprise, under the firm name of J. W. Chase & Son. Mr. Chase owns a half interest in two tobacco houses and is also engaged in the lumber business in Sun Prairie, as a member of the firm of Chase, Gross & Mann. His homestead farm, on which he resides, is one of the most attractive places in this part of the county, having the best of improvements, including a residence, one of the oldest brick houses in the section, which is located one and one-half miles from Sun Prairie. Mr. Chase has attained marked success as the result of his own well directed efforts, being one of the substantial and influential citizens of the county and commanding the esteem of all who know him. In political affairs he is found stanchly aligned as a supporter of the cause of the Republican party, and he served four successive terms as supervisor of Bristol township, while he also served one term as assessor. He has been treasurer of the Bristol Mutual Insurance Company during the greater portion of the time since its organization. In a fraternal way he is identified with the Modern Woodmen of America. His wife is affiliated with the Catholic church. In the year 1875 Mr. Chase was married to Miss Bernardina Myer, who was born in Germany, in 1852, being a daughter of Francis and Bernardina Myer, who emigrated from Germany to America and took up their residence in Bristol township, this county, about 1854, here passing the remainder of their lives. To Mr. and Mrs. Chase have been born ten children, all of whom are living, namely: Frederick W., Edith, Emma, Benjamin, Kate, Philip, Sarah. George, Charles, and Beatrice.

Sidney A. Chase is recognized as one of the progressive business men of the city of Stoughton, where he is a member of the firm of Beattie & Chase, wood and coal dealers. Mr. Chase was born in Rockton, Winnebago county, Illinois, September 30, 1846, being a son of Alonzo F. and Martha A. (Adams) Chase, both of whom were born in New England, where the respective families were founded in the colonial era of our national history. The parents came from the state of New York to the west in 1844. locating in Winnebago county, 111., where the father purchased one hundred acres of land, later disposing of the property and removing to Oak Park, Minn., where he likewise secured property, which he eventually sold, taking up his residence in Wauseon, that state, where he passed the remainder of his life, as did also his wife. Of their two children the subject of this sketch is the elder, his sister, Matilda, being the widow of Charles M. Smith and being now a resident of

Sioux Falls, S. D. Sidney A. Chase was reared to maturity in his native county, where he received a common school education. While still a young man he located at Clinton Junction, Wis., where he engaged in the livery business, in which he there continued six months, after which he was a resident of Evansville, this state, for three years, and of Jefferson for one year. For the ensuing six years he followed various lines of enterprise, in Wisconsin and Michigan, and in 1877 he located in Stoughton, where he again established himself in the livery business, in which he continued successfully for fifteen years, after which he was clerk in a local hotel for two years. In 1894 he engaged in his present business of dealing in wood and coal. The firm of which he is a member controls an excellent business and is one of the substantial concerns of the sort in Dane county's second city. Mr. Chase was a soldier of the Union during the last year of the Civil War, having enlisted, August 1, 1864, as a private in Company B, One Hundred and Fortysixth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and having been but fifteen years of age at the time. He continued in the service until the close of the war, having received his honorable discharge July 25, 1865. He is a stalwart supporter of the principles and policies of the Republican party but has never been ambitious for office, though he served one term as city assessor of Stoughton. He is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, the Knights of Pythias and the Grand Army of the Republic. September 30, 1874, Mr. Chase was united in marriage to Miss Ida M. Simpson, daughter of Robert and Mary J. (Ranney) Simpson, of Yorkvillc, Michigan, and of this union were born two sons, - Henry, who is deceased, and Frank, who resides in Stoughton.

Andrew Christensen, of Stoughton, is established in a successful business as a mason contractor and is a loyal and progressive citizen. He was born in the town of Rudkjobing, Denmark. August 11, 1864, being a son of Christ and Annie (Jensen) Hansen, who came to America in 1883, settling in Rutland township, Dane county, Wisconsin, where the father turned his attention to agricultural pursuits, in which he continued until his death, at the age of seventy-nine years. His wife died at the age of seventy-two years. Prior to coming to America he had followed the trade of shipbuilding. Following is a brief record concerning his children : Rasmus was killed in a railroad accident near Oregon, this county ; Kate is the wife of Hans E. Christensen ; Lena is the wife of Hans Hansen; Andrew is the subject of this sketch; Peter and Lewis were both sailors and were drowned at sea. Andrew Christensen was reared to the age of nineteen years in his native land, where he received his early educational training-. At the age noted he accompanied his parents on their immigration to the United States. In Dane county he learned the trade of plasterer and bricklayer, and he continued to follow the same in Rutland township until 1900, when he located in Stoughton, where he has since been engaged in business, having been an independent contractor since 1897. In politics he is arrayed as a supporter of the principles of the Republican party, and in a fraternal relation he is affiliated with Kosciusko Lodge, No. 73, Free and Accepted Masons, and with the local organization of the Woodmen of America. He and his wife are members of the Lutheran church. February 27, 1900, Mr. Christensen was united in marriage to Miss Augusta Larsen, daughter of Rasmus and Lena (Frederickson) Larsen, of Rutland township, and of this union have been born two children, Vera and Stanley.

James Christiansen, of Waunakee, is a native of Denmark, son of Andrew and Margaret Christiansen. His father came to the United States in 1868, and being satisfied after a two years residence that the conditions of life were promising, returned to Denmark for his family, with whom he settled in the town of Leeds, Columbia county ; three years later he came to Vienna township, in Dane. Later with all of the family with the exception of the son. James, he moved to Nebraska, where he resides at the present time. He is a considerable land owner there but has retired from the active management of his farming property. He is independent in politics, and is a member of the Lutheran church ; his wife, who belonged to the same church, died in Nebraska in 1900. James Christiansen was born in Denmark, December 29, 1861, and attended the public schools of Leeds, Columbia county, and Vienna, Dane county. He farms in a large way and owns in the towns of Springfield and Vienna over a thousand acres of land. He began life by working, for the long period of fourteen years, by the month, and has acquired his property by his own industry coupled with good business ability. He has made all the improvements on his home farm, including the buildings which are all new. He is an extensive raiser of tobacco, having, in 1905. forty acres. His farm is stocked with short-horn cattle and Poland China hogs Mr. Christensen is independent in politics and a prohibitionist in sentiment; his church affiliations are with the Catholics. He was married in 1886 to Miss Susie Diederick, born in Germany, of German parentage. Peter Diederick, Sr.. her father, was a citizen of Dane township from 1872 until 1905 when he moved to Springfield township. Mr. and Mrs. Christiansen have no children of their own but have adopted three, Alvie, Hazel and Lillian.

Morten Christensen, a successful contractor and builder of the city of Stoughton, is another of the honored citizens of Scandinavian birth who have assisted in the upbuilding of Dane county. He was born near the city of Copehagen, Denmark, December 5, 1854, and is a son of Christian Anderson and Kavian (Mortenson) Anderson. He was reared in his native land, where he received a common-school education and where he served an apprenticeship of ten years to the carpenter's trade. In 1882 he immigrated to America, making his way directly to Stoughton, where he worked at his trade as a journeyman for one year. In 1883 he went for a trip through various sections of the west, finally locating in Nebraska, where he remained three years, at the expiration of which he returned to Denmark. In 1890 he came again to the United States and resumed his residence in Stoughton, and for the past fifteen years he has done a very prosperous business as a contractor and builder, having a high reputation for reliability and high-grade workmanship and having erected a number of churches in this section of the county, besides business blocks and many fine private residences in the city of Stoughton. In politics he accords a stanch allegience to the Republican party, and in a fraternal way he is affiliated with the Modern Woodmen of America, and both he and his wife and daughter are members of Our Saviour's Lutheran church. In 1891 Mr. Christensen was united in marriage to Miss Karian Mortensen, who was born in Denmark, being a daughter of Ole and Johanna (Nielson) Mortenson, and the only living child of this union is the one daughter, Viola.

Christen Christenson is the head of the well known jewelry firm of C. Christenson & Son, of Stoughton. and is one of the leading business men and highly honored citizens of Dane county's attractive second city. Mr. Christensen is a native of Norway, in which fair land of the north he was born May 23, 1845, being a son of Christen Hanson and Ann Marie (Ravn) Hanson. He was reared to maturity in Norway, in whose schools he received his early educational training. At the age of fifteen years he entered upon an apprenticeship at the jeweler's trade, serving five years with one firm and becoming a thoroughly skilled workman. At the age of twenty years he engaged in business for himself, in Hollen, where he met with due success under the conditions which surrounded him. He there continued in business seventeen years, at the expiration of which, being convinced that superior opportunities were to be had in America, he immigrated to this country with his family. He took up his residence in Stoughton, where he has since maintained his home and where he has gained success and prominence as a business man, so that it is needless to say that he has no regret for the decision which led him to leave his native land and cast in his lot with that of Stoughton. Soon after his arrival in this city he established himself in the jewelry business, in which he has since continued, and he now has one of the most attractive and finely equipped establishment of the sort in the city, catering to a large and representative trade and having the unqualified esteem of the community. It may be said without fear of justified contradiction that he has one of the handsomest retail jewelry stores to be found in this section of the state. In February, 1893, Mr. Christenson admitted his eldest son, Trace, to partnership, and the enterprise has since been conducted under the firm name of C. Christenson & Son. In July, 1870, Mr. Christenson was united in marriage to Miss Liv Halverson, who was born in the same district of Norway as was he himself, and to them have been born six children : Hilda, who became the wife of Torlif Berge, is now deceased ; Anna is the wife of John Edson ; George is deceased ; Trace is associated with his father in business, as already noted ; and the two younger children are Louisa and Halvor. Mr. Christenson, in company with his wife, went to Norway in May, 1905, passing nearly a year in the land of his nativity and renewing old acquaintances and associations ; they returned to Stoughton in June, 1906, and here an equally cordial greeting was given them by their many friends. In politics Mr. Christenson is independent. His children are members of the First Norwegian Lutheran church of Stoughton,

John Christianson, well-known farmer and business man of Christiania, has owned his present home in the town of Christiania since 1883. Besides his general farming occupations he is extensively interested in dairying and is secretary and treasurer of the Prairie Queen creamery. He is also the local representative for several steamship line. In 1899 he organized the Prairie Queen Telephone Co..the first rural telephone of Dane county and is still its manager and superintendent. Christian Paulson, his father, was born in Nas Hedemarken, Norway, and there married Miss Olava Isaacsdotter. Mr. Paulson was a farmer and a brush-maker and spent his entire life in Norway. After his death in 1856 Mrs. Paulson married Mathias Jardsberg, with whom she came to the United States in 1881. six children were born to the first marriage and three to the second. Randina, the oldest, lives in Christiania; John is the oldest son ; Paul resides in Edgerton ; Johanna in Christiania ; Agnes in North Dakota ; Christian at Sumner, Wis. ; Martin in Christiania ; Ole in Cambrdge and Julia in Chippewa county. Wis. John was born in Nas Hedemarken, Norway, January 10, 1848, attended school in Norway and left home when he was eight years old. Until he was eighteen he worked out and then he came to America. For a time he worked for Halvor Kravick of Christiania, raised tobacco and farmed on shares. In 1881 he sent to Norway for his mother, step-father and the younger children and in 1883 was able to purchase his home in section 10. All of the improvements on the farm have been made by Mr. Christianson, whose active and industrious life has been rewarded by success. He is a Republican in political affiliations and has served as justice of the peace for a number of years and as assessor. October 1, 1880, he married Miss Susan Johnson of Voss, Norway, and nine children were born to the marriage. Caius and Oscar, the older sons, are engaged in the creamery business in Rutland township. Sarah resides in Madison, Wis. Julia lives in Cambridge. Ruth, Stella, Alvin, Herbert and Arthur are at home. Mrs. Christianson died in 1902 and Mr. Christianson married Marie Monson of Nas, Norway, in August, 1904. One son of this marriage, Marion Harold, was born in 1905. The family attend the Lutheran church of Cambridge.

Darwin Clark. - The history of a community, of a state, of a nation, is chiefly the chronicles of the lives and deeds of those who have conferred honor and dignity upon society, whether in the broad sphere of public labors or in the more circumscribed but not less worthy and valuable realm of individual activity through which the public good is promoted. The name borne by the subject of this memoir is one which has stood exponent of the most sterling personal characteristics, the deepest appreciation of the rights and privileges of citizenship in our great republic, and is one which hs been connected with the annals of the city of Madison from the practical inception of its history. A strong man and true was Darwin Clark, and he left upon the history of the capital city the definite impress of exalted integrity and worthy accomplishment, having resided here continuously for a period of sixtytwo years, and up to the time when he was summoned into eternal life, February 11, 1899. Mr. Clark Was born in Otego, Oswego county, New York, May 12. 1812, being a son of Isaac and Eunice

(Davis) Clark, the former of whom was born in Sturbridge, Worcester county. Massachusetts, September IT, 1783, and the latter in Schrewsbury, Rutland county, Vermont, February 22, 1790. The respective families were founded in New England in the early colonial epoch, and authentic records show that both the paternal and maternal grandfathers of Mr. Clark were loyal soldiers in the Continental line during the War of the Revolution. His parents were persons of intelligence and sterling character, and his childhood and youth were thus compassed by beneficent home influences; he was reared to be God-fearing, honest and honorable, self-reliant and industrious, tolerant and kindly, and throughout his long and useful life he never swerved in the least from the dominating principles which were thus early instilled into his receptive and appreciative mind. After being afforded the advantages of the common schools of his native town he put his scholastic requirements to practical test and utilization, teaching three successive winters in country schools and then entering upon an apprenticeship at the trade of cabinet-making at which he became a skilled artisan. He continued to follow his trade as a vocation until he had attained his legal majority, when his aggressive spirit prompted him to move to the wonderful west and cast in his lot with its pioneers. It may safely be said that he never regretted the choice which led him to establish his home in Madison, as one of the first settlers of the beautiful lake-ensconced city. The long and weary journey was made by sailing vessel on the Great Lakes and by means of the other primitive conveyances of the day, and he arrived in what is now the city of Milwaukee, May 26, 1837. Madison had been selected as the capital of the newly organized territory of Wisconsin, the site of the city having then been marked by a solitary log cabin. Soon after his arrival in Milwaukee, Mr. Clark was engaged with the little party of pioneers who came to Madison to erect the first capitol building, arriving at his destination at ten o'clock in the morning of June 10, 1837. Another publication has gracefully spoken of this journey and Mr. Clark's identification with the same, in the following words : "The weather had been very unfavorable for this band of pioneers, but when Madison was but a few miles distant the sun burst fortfh in splendor and Mr. Clark named the spot his party had just reached 'Sun Prairie,' which has since been a familiar name." From that time forward until his death Mr. Clark knew no other home than Madison, and he witnessed the development of the beautiful "Citv of the Lakes'' from the unbroken wilderness, contribu- ting his full share to the civic and material upbuilding of the place in which his pride and his affection centered. A kindly, Christian gentleman, who believed in doing good to the community in which he lived, his steady determination never to be a drone in the civic hive made him a beneficent force in many directions. If his example were followed generally by men of wealth and business standing there would be no lack of power behind any public movement leading in the direction of advancement and better government based on better citizenship. Mr. Clark was in close touch with the community through all its early years and struggles, holding many offices, public and private. He was instrumental in laying out and beautifying Forest Hill cemetery, which name he suggested, and in this consecrated spot he now rests. Mr. Clark was a distinct individual and was in many ways a remarkable man. No shadow of wrong or suspicion of evil ever rested upon his reputation in any of the relations of life ; kindness and tolerance dwelt with him as constant guests, equivocation or compromise with conscientious conviction were innately impossible with him. In his life and character lie lessons of inspiration and incentive, and his name merits a high place on the roster of the honored pioneers of the city, the county and the state. About 1846 he embarked in the furniture business. In that year he went to Chicago and bought a load of chairs, which was his first stock of furniture not made in his own shop. Through legitimate business enterprise he accumulated a competency and was ever ready to lend his aid and influence in support of all measures tending to conserve the general welfare. He was a Democrat in his political allegience, and he was called to many offices of public trust and responsibility, having ever commanded the unqualified confidence and esteem of the comunity. He was a member of the board of aldermen for four years, was president of the city council one year, was for some time an active and valued member of the board of education, and in 1860 was acting mayor of the capital city. He was an attendant of the Protestant Episcopal church, and aided liberally in the upbuilding of the parish and the edifice of Grace church. On August 31, 1848, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Clark to Miss Sarah L. Goodnow, who was born in Webster, Monroe county, N. Y., and who died in Madison, March 5. 1854. The only child of this union was Edward, who was born on May 1, 1850, and who died on August 19, of the following year.On May 20, 1858, Mr. Clark was united in marriage to Miss Frances Ann Adams, who was born in Akron, Ohio. Tan nary 16, 1833, being a daughter of Harry and Julia Ann (Mew ell)

Adams, the former of whom was born in Panton, Addison county, Yt., December 6. 1806, and the latter in Elizabethtown, Essex county, N. Y., July 21, 1813. The father died April 18, 1868, at Vergennes, Yt., and his wife survived him by many years, her death occurring in Madison, Wis., August 2, 1904. at the advanced age of ninety-one years. Mr. Clark lived over fifty years in the old homestead on Webster street ; several years after his death Mrs. Clark built the beautiful home at 105 East Wilson street, where she expects to spend the rest of her life. Mr. Clark built the block at the corner of Webster and Main streets in 1879, and many years previous to that date he built the store at 118 East Main street, in which he engaged in the furniture business for more than forty years. The two daughters of Mr. and Mrs. Clark are still living. The elder, Frances Louise, married Paul Holmes Wood of New Jerssey, and is the mother of two children, Harold Paul and Henrietta Holmes. The younger daughter, Grace, is the wife of Frederic King Conover, of Madison, the official reporter of the Wisconsin supreme court, and they have four children. - Frederic LeRoy, Marion Clark, Julian Darst and Daphne Grace.

Hamilton G. Clark, one of the successful and popular farmers of Cottage Grove township, is a representative of one of the honored pioneer families of this section of the county. He was born on the homestead farm, in section 9, Cottage Grove township, April 10, 1852, being a son of James and Margaret (Clark) Clark, both of whom were natives of County Down, Ireland, where the former was born in 1819, and the latter in 1818. Their marriage was solemnized in Ireland, whence they immigrated to the United States in 1847, landing in New York city, where they resided some time. In 1849 they came to Dane county, where the father was employed at farm work until 1852, when he secured a tract of school land, in section 16, Cottage Grove township. He developed the property into a good farm and there passed the remainder of his life, his death occurring in 1888, at which time he owned one hundred and ninety-two acres. He achieved a competency through earnest and honest endeavor, and he ever retained the confidence and esteem of his fellow men. His devoted wife survived him by more than a decade, her death occurring in 1901. Both were zealous members of the Presbyterian church. Concerning their children the following brief data are entered : John died at the age of twenty-two years; Hamilton G., subject of this review, was the next in order of birth ; Mary A. is the wife of D. W. Houston, of Cottage Grove township; Martha J. is the wife of J. D. Van Arnam and they re- 12 - iii side in the village of Cottage Grove ; James died at the age of three years ; William R. resides on the old homestead farm, in Cottage Grove township ; Maggie and Nancy were twins, the former being the wife of James E. Showers, of Cottage Grove township, and the latter, who died in 1890, was the wife of R. J. Arthur. Hamilton G. Clark was reared on the home farm and his early educational advantages were those afforded by the public schools of the locality. He remained with his parents until he had attained to the age of twenty-four years, when he married. He then rented land in Cottage Grove township and began his independent career as a farmer, in 1875. He farmed on rented land about four years and then purchased his present well-improved homestead of one hundred and seventeen acres, in section 10, Cottage Grove township, the place having formerly been known as the Thomas Dailey farm. Mr. Clark erected the present buildings, including the modern twostory frame residence, a barn thirty-six by eighty-four feet in dimensions, a tobacco shed twenty-six by seventy feet and other excellent farm buildings. He gives his attention to diversified farming and stock-growing, making a specialty of raising tobacco and also raising hogs somewhat extensively. Since 1895 Mr. Clark has devoted considerable of his time and attention to the buying of grain and live stock, being at the present time associated with his brother, William R. in this line of enterprise. He now resides in the village of Cottage Grove, having turned the active management of the farm over to his younger son. Mr. Clark has long been influential in public affairs in his township and has been called upon to serve in offices of local trust, his preferment indicating the esteem in which he is held in the community. He was incumbent of the office of township treasurer two terms, was township clerk one term, and four terms he served as chairman of the township board, being thus ex officio member of the county board of supervisors. In politics he is a stanch adherent of the Democratic party. December 10, 1874. Mr. Clark was united in marriage to Miss Eliza Dailey, who was born in Cottage Grove township, July 1, 1853, being a daughter of Thomas and Nancy (Lemon) Dailey, sterling pioneers of the township. Of the children of Mr. and Mrs. Clark it may be recorded that Mabel, who was born February 8, 1877, is the wife of Henry M. Derleth, of Cottage Grove township, and they have one child, Clark F. ; James H., who was born September 4. 1879, remains at the parental home; and Wayne J., who was born June 22, 1884, has charge of the homefarm ; he married Miss Gheah Rinden.

Samuel Clarke is a well-known farmer of Albion, son of John G. and Harriet Clarke, who came to Wisconsin in 1842 from Yorkshire, England. A brother of John G. Clarke, Samuel, had preceded them two years before and obtained a farm in section 15, town of Albion, where he was joined in 1842 by his brother, John, and his parents, James and Judith Ann (Hobson) Clarke. James Clarke landed in New York city with his family after a perilous voyage of many weeks on an old sailing vessel, came by way of the Great Lakes to Milwaukee and thence with ox teams to Albion. A farm of two hundred and forty acres was purchased by James Clarke, and father and sons set bravely to work to clear and improve their property. In England James was employed as head book-keeper in a cotton factory where John also worked and no one of the family had ever been a farmer. The difficulties of the new country were many even to experienced farmers, but thrift and energy triumphed over obstacles which would have discouraged less persevering men, and the Clarkes were successful from the beginning of their life in America. Seven children were born to Mr. and Mrs. John G. Clarke: Judeth Ann Craig; Hannah Croft; James, a farmer in Rock county, Wis. ; Matilda, who is married and lives in Rock county, Wis. ; Samuel, the subject of this sketch and Clara, who is Mrs. Thomas Pierce of Albion. Samuel was born in Albion, attended the district schools and the Albion academy and early interested himself in farming. The farm originally obtained by James Clarke was purchased by his son John and its management succeeded to his son Samuel, who now owns it and has added to it another eighty acre tract which he bought in 1897. About one hundred acres are under ' cultivation and an extensive general farming business is carried on. Mr. Clarke is interested in stock-raising, has a fine herd of cattle, a considerable number of horses and pure-bred hogs. As a young man he learned the carpenter's trade but has always preferred to give most of his attention to farming and keeps well posted on up-to-date farming methods. Mr. Clarke is a school director and has held other local offices. He is a stanch supporter of the principles of the Republican party. Mr. Clarke has been twice married. His first wife was Miss Louisa Dickinson. In 1895 he married Mrs. Clara L. Stronse, widow of Samuel Stronse. Five children blessed the second marriage ; Beulah Leora, Ruth Eveline, Violet Gertrude, Edna Louise andv John Warren. Three children were born to Mrs. Clarke by her former marriage ; Ethel May. Norman and Lyman. The family attend the Primitive Methodist church of Albion of

J. Frank and Charles E. Cleary are the men, who under the firm name of Cleary Bros, conduct one of the large, farming interests of the county, at Sun Prairie, Wis. They are sons of Patrick and Mary (Nolan) Cleary. Both parents were born in Ireland, the former, November 15, 1833, and the latter August 5, 1835. The paternal grandfather, James Cleary, was born in Ireland and in 1851 came to America, settling in Onondago county, New York. In 1854 he removed to Dane county, Wis., where he died in 1876. His wife was Mary Kennedy, who died in Ireland previous to his removal to this country. Their son, Patrick, the father of Frank and Charles was educated in Ireland and came to this country with his father about the time of his majority. For several years he was employed in Sun Prairie by Col. W. Ff. Angel, but in 1863 he removed (to Bristol, where he purchased eighty acres of land, adding to his holdings until he possessed three hundred and thirty acres. He was married October 29, 1863, and died at his home in Dane county, December 14, 1894. In politics he was an independent. He and his family were members of the Sacred Heart church of Sun Prairie. The old homestead formed the nucleus of the fine farm of three hundred and thirty acres now owned and operated by Cleary brothers. As boys they were educated in the common schools of this district and at Sacred Heart college in Watertown In addition to the possession of a large number of short-horned cattle the Cleary brothers are interested in dairying and are also extensive feeders of cattle. Charles is treasurer of the North Bristol creamery association. In politics both belong to the Democratic party. Frank has served as justice of the peace, was town clerk for six years, and is now serving his second term as chairman of the town. Like their parents their church affiliations are Catholic. Members of the family of Patrick Cleary are as follows : J. Frank was born June 19, 1868, and is a member of the firm of Cleary Bros. ; Dr. B. L. was born August 10, 1870, educated in Stoughton college, and graduated from Rush Medical college in 1900, and now practices his profession at Edgerton, Wis. ; Nettie, born November 5, 1873, is now Mrs. George Schernecker of Madison, Wis. ; George, born August 10, 1875,' is a farmer of Bloomer, Wis. ; Charles E., born March 2, 1878, belongs to the firm of Cleary Bros. Frank is a member of the Catholic Order of Foresters. The firm of Cleary brothers is recognized as a standard trade-mark of

William Coffey, deceased, for many years a farmer of the town of Cottage Grove, was born in Boston, Mass.. July 22, 1840. His parents were Patrick and Annastasia (Lantry) Coffey, both natives of Ireland. The family immigrated to the United States when Mr. Coffey was a boy, coming directly to Cottage Grove township, where they entered two eighties of government land. The old folks lived the balance of their lives in Cottage Grove. What opportunities Mr. Coffey had for obtaining an education were very limited, being only those afforded by the district schools of Cottage Grove. During the early part of his manhood he traveled much. After his marriage he earned a livelihood for himself and family by working land on shares for several years, managing, by frugality and hard work, to accumulate sufficient money to purchase one hundred acres of land, where the widow and family now reside. Politically he was a Democrat and as such served his town as assessor and justice of the peace. His religious affiliations were with the Catholic church. On February 20, 1865, Mr. Coffey married Susan Ann Reynolds, daughter of Daniel and Mary Ellen (Reynolds) of the town of Cottage Grove. (For further mention of Mrs. Coffey's family see the sketch of Daniel Reynolds). Five children blessed this union - Mary Ellen, born December 16, 1865, the wife of John Coughlin of Cottage Grove ; William James, born November 14, 1867, a carpenter by trade, married Catherine Murphy, and is now a resident of Yale, S. D. ; Daniel Edward, born May 29, 1871, a carpenter by trade and an accomplished violinist, lives at home; John Albert, born December 29, 1878, lives at home; and Susan Ann, born September 30, 1881. The youngest daughter is a teacher ; she received her preparatory education in the district school of the town of Cottage Grove and was given a teacher's certificate at the Whitewater Normal school five years ago, since which time she has been engaged in her profession. All the children are musically inclined, and all play some instrument, violin or piano. Miss Susie plays both the piano and violin. Mr. Coffey died April 10, 1897. He was a sterling, upright citizen, of frugal habits, a man much admired and respected by all with whom he came in contact.

Charles J. Coggins is a highly respected citizen and office-holder in the town of Fitchburg, where he has had his residence for the past sixteen years. He was born in western Northamptonshire, England, on May 19, 1861, and is one of five children born to Henry and Elizabeth (Bonham) Coggins, the mother and four children still residing in the mother country and the father being deceased. The father of our subject was a farmer by occupation and the latter was reared in the quiet surroundings of a country life. He received his education in the common schools of his native country, and at the age of twenty years, in April, 1881, he migrated to the United States and located at Cold Springs, Jefferson county, Wis. There he remained until the spring of 1890. engaged in farming, and then came to Dane county and settled in the town of Fitchburg, where he has resided ever since. After coming to Fitchburg, in partnership with Charles Parish he purchased one hundred and forty acres of land, and two years later bought an additional one hundred and fifty acres, which joined the original purchase. In December, 1901, they sold this large tract of land and purchased the place where they now reside, which comprises two hundred and and seventy-three acres of well improved land. Aside from the business of general farming they make a specialty of raising cattle, sheep, and hogs, in the live stock line, and they are also extensive growers of tobacco. Mr. Goggin's success -is very gratifying to himself and his many friends, as he started in life with comparatively nothing, and has reached his present status by hard work and intelligent management of affairs. He is a Republican in his political affiliations, has served in the responsible position of supervisor of the town of Fitchburg, and at the present time is treasurer of school district No. 6. His fraternal associations are expressed by membership in the lodge of Modern Woodmen of America at Verona. Mr. Coggins was married on June 10, 1886, selecting as his helpmate Miss Lucy Higbee, daughter of George and Serena (Ransom) Higbee, natives of the state of New York. These parents were early settlers in Jefferson county, coming there several years before the Civil War. Later they entered eighty acres of government land, near Cooktown in Rock county, and the father always followed farming as an occupation. Both of these parents are now deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Coggins there have been born six children, the two older ones having been born in Jefferson county and the others in the town of Fitchburg. Their names follow: Edith, Harry. Minerva, Glenn, Winnie and Edna, all living at home. Charles Parish, who is associated with Mr. Coggins in the extensive farming operations referred to, was born, September 14, 1856, at Coldspring, Jefferson county, Wis., and is the son of George and Sarah (Coggins) Parish, natives of England who came to the United States about 1846 and settled in Jefferson county,

Wis. There they preempted eighty acres of government land and experienced all the trials and surmounted the difficulties that present themselves in a pioneer life. The father and mother have both been dead for many years. Charles Parish, their son, was educated in his native town of Coldspring. and in 1890 accompanied Mr. Coggins to the town of Fitchburg in Dane county, where they have been equal partners in business ever since, Mr. Parish being a member of the Coggin's home circle. Although nature endowed him with a small stature and limited the possibilities of his physical development, yet he is possessed of more than the ordinary mental qualifications, and the deficiency in brawn is more than offset by a good supply of brain power. He was reared and baptized in the Episcopal faith and still maintains his membership in that denomination. He has never married.

John Lewis Colby is as yet a comparatively young man, but he has achieved a degree of success in his undertakings that is usually only attained by men after years of strenuous endeavor. Mr. Colby was born in the town of Oregon, Dane county, on August 27, 1862, and he is the eldest son of Romanzo H. Colby, who is given a more extended mention on another page of this volume, which is devoted to biographical and genealogical review. Our subject received his education in the district schools of Oregon and at Evansville, and remained with his father upon the farm until he had attained to his legal majority. He then worked one of his father's farms during the summer and officiated as a school teacher in the winter. At the age of twenty-two he purchased eighty acres of land where the Story postoffice now stands, and he owned and managed this farm until 1904, teaching school also twelve winters in succession, at Mt. Horeb two years and in the town of Verona one term, the remainder of his pedagogic work being in his native town of Oregon. On March 1, 1896, he purchased the general store business of N. E. Lamb, with postoffice in connection, at Story, and continued that business for nine years, when he sold out and removed his family to Wingra Park in order that his children might have the superior educational advantages there afforded. In 1903 he purchased one hundred and twenty-seven and one-half acres of land, in Oregon, lying just across the road from the home of his father, and he still owns the place, although not personally engaged in its cultivation. He purchased the general mercantile establishment at Wingra Park in April, 1906, and is catering to the trade of that vicinity in a way that is satisfactory to his many patrons and remunerative to himself. Mr. Colby was married,

November 12. 1891, and the maiden name of his wife was Elona Burd. who was born in the town of Verona, March 11, 1864. She is one of nine children born to William R. and Eliza A. (Mutchler) Burd, highly esteemed residents of Verona. The names of the children in the Burd family, with other facts concerning them, are thus given : Maggie married W. W. Morse and resides in Baraboo. Wis. ; Gertrude is deceased ; Lucella married Willis Morse and resides in Madison ; Emma is deceased ; Elona is the wife of the subject of this review ; Hattie married Robert I. Harvey and resides in Chicago ; Sarah married O. W. Donkle and resides in Black Earth, Wis. ; Leslie O. resides in Belleville, a biographical sketch of whom appears in this volume ; and Clinton B. married Frankie Case and resides in Brooklyn. To Mr. and Mrs. Colby there have been born three children : Grace, Helen Maud, and Harold Leslie. In political affairs Mr. Colby maintains an independent attitude, giving his support to men and measures as they meet the approval of his enlightened judgment, regardless of the party emblem they may bear. The confidence of the public in his integrity and ability has been attested on several occasions. He had charge of the Story postoffice in the town of Oregon eight years, until it was abolished by the location of the rural route, and he filled the responsible position of justice of the peace for the same length of time. He was also secretary and treasurer of the Story Creamery Company for several years. His religious faith is that which is taught by the Methodist church, and in this as in other matters he gives a hearty and unselfish support.

Romanzo H. Colby is another of the substantial citizens of the town of Oregon, who, by his industry and honorable methods has won for himself a reasonable competence and the respect and esteem of all who know him. He was born in Erie county, N. Y., on February 18. 1839, and his parents - Giles and Julia (Childs) Colby - were also natives of the Empire state. Our subject attended the district schools in the place of his birth until nine years of age, when, in 1848, the family removed to Wisconsin and settled near Mt. Zion, in Rock county, and he finished his education there. The father rented a farm on Rock Prairie, where he remained two or three years, and then moved his family to Monticello, where for two years he worked a farm on shares, and then moved to a farm in Rutland township. Dane county. He remained at the latter place about two years, and then moved to Exeter, in Green county, where the father, mother and oldest son died of typhoid fever, in 1854, the father being fifty-five years old at the time of his death. After this sad breaking of the home circle the remaining members of the family became scattered, and the surviving sons came to the town of Oregon, where the subject of this review commenced working by the month as a farm hand and continued so engaged for seven years, after which he began farming independently. But the tocsin of war soon called him from his peaceful pursuits, and on February 22, 1864, he enlisted as a private in Company I of the Thirty-sixth Regiment Wisconsin Infantry. This regiment was organized at Camp Randall, Madison, under the supervision of Col. Frank A. Haskell, and it left the state on May 10, 1864. With the regiment Mr. Colby participated in the fighting about Spotsylvania Courthouse, the second battle of Cold Harbor, and on the Jerusalem plank road. In the latter engagement, on June 22, 1864, he was severely wounded, receiving a bullet through his left arm, which made it necessary to have a part of the bone removed, and he was sent back to the Harwood hospital at Washington. He was transferred to the veteran reserve corps on January 18, 1865, and was mustered out on February 9, following, on account of the disability caused by the wound. Mr. Colby has a picture, which he received in July, 1864, representing a view of the hospital where he was confined. After his discharge from the army he purchased ninety acres of land, lying east of his present residence, and built a dwelling house thereon in 1866. He then sold that property and purchased the place where he now resides. He has always followed the occupation of a farmer, and in that exclusive line of work has achieved flattering success, wholly unaided, excepting by the wise counsels and encouragement of a faithful wife. Mr. Colby now possesses two hundred and sixty acres of land. There were five children born to the parents of the subject of this review, and of these four are still living: Henry M. resides at Scranton, la.; Lorenzo, who is the twin brother of our subject, resides in Tuscola county, Mich. ; and G. S. Colby resides at Willamette, Ore. Mr. Colby was married in the month of June, 1863, to Miss Louise Faulkes, daughter of John and Nancy (Ford) Faulkes, of the city of New York. She is one of a family of seven children, six of whom are living: Charles resides in Leroy. la.; Anna is now Mrs. Smith and resides at North Chicago ; George resides on a farm near the subject of this review; and Emma resides in North Chicago. Mr. and Mrs. Colby are the parents of eight children, the names and other information concerning whom follow : John L. married Elona Bird and resides in Wingra Park; Nona E. married Charles Baldwin, of Madison, and is now deceased ; Ralph F. married

Emma Balfour and resides in the village of Oregon ; Gertrude married Ira Dalrymple and resides in Belleville ; Charles Edward is deceased ; Charles C. resides with his father ; Arthur A. married Jane Leslie and resides on a farm near his father ; Grace E. died in infancy. Mr. Colby is a Republican in his political affiliations, and has served one term on the Oregon town board. In religious faith he is a Spiritualist.