Jefferson County, Wisconsin - The whole text, 1879 (part 20 of 28)

Town Of Farmington

There is no positive knowledge of an earlier settlement in what is now the town of Farmington, than that made by Timothy Johnson in 1838, two years after he had located at Watertown. Charles Dunning settled at an early day in the eastern portion of Farmington, and is said by some to have built the first log house in the town. Johnson and Charles Goodhue made a joint claim where the pretentious village of Johnson's Creek now stands, and built a cabin on ground over which the track of the North-Western Railway now runs, and nearly opposite the present residence of G. C. Mansfield. A dam and saw-mill were also built by Messrs. Johnson and Goodhue. This mill property afterward came into the possession, at various times, of the following individuals : Samuel Ward, a Mr. Thomas, Ansel Bullis, Mr. Currier and Benjamin Douglass, the latter of whom rebuilt it. When Mr. and Mrs. Douglass came to Johnson's Creek in 1842, there were but two houses in the place, one being occupied by Samuel Ward, and the other by his nephew William. The nearest post office was Aztalan. Provisions were to be obtained at no nearer point than Janesville and Milwaukee. Mrs. D. remembers being obliged to send to the latter place for 2.5 cents' worth of thread.

Johnson's Creek was known as Belleville as late as 1873, but always bore its present name as a post office. It was called Belleville in honor of Charles Bell, who owned a considerable portion of the land whereon the village stands. It is situated on the town line between the towns of Aztalan and Farmington, and was formerly on the old Military or Territorial Road.

In 1861, there were at Johnson's Creek two stores (A. J. Snell's general merchandise and William Dodge's grocery) and two first-class stave-mills. One of these mills was the property of G. C. Mansfield, and stood on the site now occupied by his store ; the other was built and operated by John Rose, and was twice destroyed by fire. The stave manufacturing business was abandoned simultaneously by both in 1864. There was also a brick hotel, kept by Charles Bell, known as the Vermont House. A dozen other small habitations completed the village of Johnson's Creek. After the railroad was finished to this point in 1859, the place grew rapidly. There are now two large stores, two churches, three saloons, two blacksmith-shops, two shoe-shops, two wagon-shops, one agricultural implement dealer, one cheese-factory, one commission warehouse, with one run of stone for grinding feed, two hotels, one lumber-yard, one district school and one drug store.

The first religious services were held in 1841, by Rev. Mr. Allen,aMethodistdivine, who walked from place to place through the woods and preached in the different log houses on his way. The Rev. Mr. Lathrop was the first circuit preacher. He was followed by Elders Willard and Pease. The " little red schoolhouse," until it was burned down, afforded a place for religious worship in later years, the Methodist and United Brethren alternating on Sabbath mornings and evenings. The Methodist minister was the Rev. Mr. Farnum, while the Rev. Mr. Hamilton, who, it will be remembered, was a great exhorter, furnished spiritual sustenance for the United Brethren. Mr. Hamilton was of ajockeyish disposition, and, after a brief period of preaching, he resumed his original profession, that of trading horses, in which he is said to have been an e.xpert. In 1866, the two denominations commenced the construction of a joint or union church, but before it was completed the discovery was made that they could not worship beneath the same roof, and the Methodists accordingly withdrew from the compact and built a church edifice of their own. The spring of 1875 witnessed a suspension of Christian effort on the part of the United Brethren, and, in 1848, their church property was purchased by the German Methodists.

The school district was first laid out in 1849. School was taught by Harriet Esselstein in the log residence of Alvin Wood, about a mile west of the creek. The place enjoys at the present time unsurpassed educational facilities, whose history is not unlike that pertaining to public schools everywhere.

The first Postmaster at Johnson's Creek was Dr. Burgett. Charles Bell, Albert Bennett. Gerry Van Viet and G. C. Mansfield have been the Doctor's successors. Mr. Mansfield, the present Postmaster, was appointed in 18G5. July 1, 1878, it was made a fourth-rate moneyorder office, the first order being issued by John Siebert, in favor Charles L. Currier, for §8. Three orders were issued that day, one of them being Mr. Mansfield's subscription to the national campaign fund. The postage reveniie to the Government amounts to about $50 per quarter.

The North-Western Railway reached Johnson's Creek in the fall of 1859. Among those who have held the office of agent may be mentioned Charles Bell, Charles Melio, G. C. Mansfield, Leander Gosselin, F. E. Bingham, James Clemmow and S. F. Antes. A branch office of the American Express Company was established at the creek in 1867, with G. C. Mansfield as atrent. He has held the position to the present time. A telegraph office was established in 1878.

Johnson's Creek lays claim to being second in importance as a stock-shipping point on the line of the North-Western road. G. C. Mansfield commenced the purchase of cattle, hogs, sheep, grain, etc., twelve years ago, and the business has increased beyond the most sanguine expectations of those interested.

The Spring Brook Cheese Factory, also the property of Mr. Mansfield, is one of the features of the Creek. It was established in the spring of 1877. The annual consumption of milk amounts to over five hundred and fifty thousand pounds, and, in 1878, fifty-five thousand two hundred and fifty-seven pounds of cheese were manufactured. Shipments are made to Liverpool and New York.

The first marriage of which there- is any record was that of Richard Rose to Elizabeth Pike. The ceremony was performed by Hiram Wheeler, Justice of the Peace, at the house of Mr. Wait. It is believed that Albert Rose was the first white child born in the town of Sullivan. The first death was that of a stranger, who departed this life at the house of Mr. Rose. The next was that of old man Alger, whose son, it will be remembered, was murdered by Mayberry, near Janesville, 1856. The first physician was Dr. Burgett. The Doctor also sold the first dry goods at the Creek. Nelson Reed sold the first sugar and liquor.

In 1869, the Johnson's Creek Cemetery Association was incorporated, with G. C. Mansfield as President; John D. Bullock, Secretary; and H. C. McMillan, Treasurer. The officers are the same at the present time.

HelenviUe Post Office is situated in Sections 2 and <^, town of Jefferson. John Walther, Chr. Horn, " Old Man " Haag and Bernhard Keller were the principal early settlers in the vicinity of HelenviUe. The landed property in and about HelenviUe belongs to John Keller, Carl Bullwinkle, John George Stenge and George M. Haag. The first church was built of logs, and stood on the site of the present Lutheran Church. Rev. George Reinsch is the present Pastor. In 1850, a parochial school was organized in conjunction with the Church society, and it has grown to be a prosperous institution. Six years ago, a district school, under the public-school system, was established. There are three stores in HelenviUe, namely : Mrs. Weber's, established by Chr. Lory thirty years ago; Carl Bullwinkle's, established about the same time by his father ; and John L. Keller's, the leading institution of the kind in the ham-i let, established in 1873. John Moser and J. P. Schoeffel each carry on a blacksmith-shop.

HelenviUe became a post office in 1845, the first Postmaster being 0. Bullwinkle. Hel died in 1873, and John L. Keller was appointed to the office. The people of HelenviUe confidently believe that their village will soon become a railway station ; and, doubtless, it will, if recent railway surveys mean anything.

Palmyra

Forty years ago, the echoes of Cyrus Horton's ax broke the stillness of Nature's surroundings in Section 22, Town 5 north. Range 16 east, and the tempestuous din of progress has ever since continued to ring out upon the life-ladened atmosphere of the Scupernong Valley. Mr. Horton's claim comprised the farm now occupied by Mr. Sherman. Dr. Causdale was the next settler in the vicinity, and he was followed, early in 1842, by that enterprising, but unfortunate genius, Abram Brink, whose accidental death, in 1848, cast a gloom over every household within the then sparsely settled backwoods region. Mr. Brinks was a resident of Cold Spring, where he settled in 18.38, and built a saw-mill on Whitewater Creek. He had heard of the advantageous prospects for a valuable water-site on the Scupernong, and he was there to see for himself. He lost no time in subjugating the stream to the uses of a mill-power, and was busily engaged upon the foundations of a structure for the manufacture of lumber, when a flattering offer for his title to a promising property, by David J. and Samuel R. Powers, induced him to sell and return to Cold Spring. The Messrs. Powers finished the mill, and on Christmas Day, 1842, sawed their first lumber in these parts. The first frame building was erected by Mr. Horton, and, during the spring and summer of 1843, a wonderful impetus was given to the young settlement by the increase of population and the establishment of a store by Levi Powers and a tavern by William Mulks. In 1844, D. & S. Powers converted their saw-mill into a fiouring-mill, to the great satisfaction of all those who had had a surfeit of lumber but little flour. The subsequent proprietorship of this mill was as follows : Higgins & Washburn, Higgins & Graves, S. H. Vandercook, L. A. Biederstadt, G. Ray & Son, Ray & Fairchild, Ray & Holloway, Holloway & Horton, and Ritter & Horton. While it was the property of Higgins & Graves, in 1850, the dam gave way, letting in an immense volume of water upon the mill building, which was washed away. It was an unfortunate occurrence, keenly appreciated by the citizens of Palmyra, quite a number of whom witnessed the scene of devastation. But few of the old settlers who were present on that memorable occasion are left to relate the circumstances. Some have moved away, others have gone to their eternal abode, but the All-powerful Hand, probably in anticipation of the advent of the historian, has spared to his fellow-men one individual. Prof. Ryder, who, while he lives, will never forget the terrible aff'air. The Professor is well known in the great scientific world as an accomplished student of botany, and a man of extensive observation and herbal research. No one who knows him will doubt the accuracy of his narrative of the bursting of the dam. He says : " I heard the roaring of the waters, and knew in a moment what was going on. With as little delay as possible, I prepared to go to the rescue of my hogs and chickens. [Prof. Ryder's chickens were wont to roost in the loft of the mill, while two fine shoats, also the property of the Professor, had taken up their abode on the lower floor of that structure ; hence, the Professor's anxiety when he heard the roaring of the waters.] Reaching the scene, I saw the mill moving slowly from its foundation, as the seething tide bore in upon it. Already the water had surrounded the building, and, as each moment passed, the stream grew wider ; but no time was to be lost. Springing from the crumbling earth beneath my feet, I landed safely upon the door-sill of the mill, which, by this time, was almost afloat. I heard the grunting of my shoats, and, making my way through the shafts and wheels, found them lazily reclining in a corner. They were very gentle, and had grown to be so fat that it seemed a misery for them to move. But they must be saved ; so, gathering one under each arm, I emerged from the swaying and creaking building, reaching the door to find an expanse of water twelve feet wide separating me from the land. With a single bound, I landed upon terra firma, and deposited my hogs beyond the reach of the engulfing flood. The next minute, I was in the loft of the mill among my chickens, where I found them serenely sleeping, utterly unconscious of the peril that awaited them. Taking a dozen and a half of the largest and finest of them, nine in each hand, I descended to the lower floor. The stream had almost doubled in width, but I leaped to the shore with my fowls and turned them loose on dry land, returning to the mill-loft again and again, until the last hen and rooster had been rescued. Yes, sir," said the Professor, with a concluding sigh, " that was an awful night." And it was.

Incorporation Of The Village

In the fall of 1843, John Fish surveyed and laid out the village in lots and blocks, but it was not until 1866 that Palmyra laid claim to sufficient population to entitle it to incorporation. The necessary legislation was secured, and Palmyra became one of the large number of prosperous villages in the Northwest. By reason of an error in the act, which provided for the incorporation of Sections 26 and 27, instead of Section 22, the charter was dissolved, in 1872, but in 1874 a new one was granted by the Circuit Court. The original act of incorpoi'ation was approved April 4, 1866, and on the 15th of May following, the first election for village oflScers was held, with the annexed result :

1867 - President, Monroe McKenzie. Trustees - Miles Wilbur, E. W. Brush, George W. Pratt and H. Mason ; Marshal, J. Kennard ; Treasurer, J. N. Bingham; Clerk, J. R. Crosby. Mr. Mason not qualifying, Mr. Roe was chosen in his stead.

1868 - President, Miles W. Coon. Trustees - Henry Strong, Charles Chase, A. W. Henry and Charles H. Powers ; Justice of the Peace, Wilbur Chambers ; Treasurer, J. M. Bingham ; Marshal, S. S. Colton ; Clerk, W. J. Allen ; Deputy Marshal, Daniel Campbell.

1871 - President, 0. P. Dow. Trustees - G. L. Whitney, E. Boyington and C. F. Eastman ; Treasurer, J. M. Peck ; Justice. E. Johnson ; Marshal, D. Campbell ; Clerk, William Elden. This Board of officers was chosen by the supporters and cohorts of the cause of temperance, and, as a consequence, fouglit the liquor sellers on every hand. Proceedings were instituted against the saloon keepers, and had not the latter, through their counsel, discovered the flaw already alluded to in the village charter, the liquor traffiickers would have been compelled to pull up stakes in Palmyra. As it was, the charter was dissolved, and the village was without any government, save that which exists among all well-disposed people, until May 5, 1874, when, a new charter having been granted by the Circuit Court, the following officers were elected :

1875 - President, John Mitchell. Trustees - W. F. Chambers, T. J. Dancy, 0. B. Palmer, W. F. Brown, John Messerschmidt and Richard Williams ; Clerk, A. S. Porter ; Treasurer, S. Mitchell : Justice of the Peace, L. M. Bigelow ; Police Justice, B. F. Holmes ; Constable, G. Dancy ; Supervisor, A. S. Porter ; Marshal, S. Brisbin ; Street Commissioner, S. B. Hijigins.

1876 - President, D. Craig. Trustees - E. Erickson, G. H. Buzzell, J. B. Messerschmidt, J. C. Reed, R. Loewe and C. B. Hibbai-d ; Clerk, A. S. Porter ; Treasurer, Joseph Smith ; Police Justice, C. Griffin ; Justice of the Peace, H. Clemmons; Constable, W. F. Chambers: Supervisor, W. F. Chambers. ,

1877 - President, Samuel Mitchell. Trustees - A. D. Hills, T. R. Qualey, George Thomas, M. Kaiser, T. J. Dancy and W. Groves ; Clerk, A. S. Porter ; Treasurer, R. Loewe ; Justice of the Peace, J. A. Allen ; Constable, G. H. Pattee ; Supervisor, S. B. Higgins ; Street Commissioner, W. C. Thompson ; Marshal and Fire Warden, G. H. Pattee.

The first schoolhouse was built in the fall of 1842, and a teacher employed from Whitewater, who, unfortunately for himself, sent up a written order for some groceries, which, owing to the peculiar style of his spelling, fell into the hands of one of the members of the School Board {Mr. Miles Wilbur), who declined, with others, to ratify the engagement. The young pedagogue thereupon instituted a suit against the Board, which was decided in his favor. To satisfy the judgment, he took the windows out of the schoolhouse and sold them. There was a big suit over it, which was finally compromised for about $10 or §.50. The following summer. Miss Mary Rockwood was engaged by the Board to teach the school, and she taught three months. The building was used as a schoolhouse until 1846, when the Town Hall was built, and, until 1858, was occupied for that purpose, when the present handsome highschool building was erected. There are now 180 pupils on the roll. It is a two-story frame building and cost $4,000. It w<as constructed under the supervision of Mr. A. J. Craig, who afterward became State Superintendent. Following is a list of the Principals employed in the past twenty-one years: 1858, E. B. Gray; 1859, J. J. Angier and R. M. McKee ; 1860, A. H. Pettibone; 1861, F. B. Williams; 1862, J. L. Banner; 1863, William Green; 1864, E. G. Clark ; 186,5, William Elden ; 1868, J. A. Slattery ; 1869, William Elden ; 1870, E. S. Tilson ; 1871, James Congdon ; 1872, J. I. Bennett ; 1873-75, A. H. Porter ; 1876, William Peck ; 1877-79, R. Perkins.

In early days, religion, like other blessings, was scarce and hard to get ; that is to say, the opportunity for regular religious worship was not always at hand, and the good Christian thought himself or herself lucky, indeed, if a journey of ten or twelve miles brought them witliin hearing distance of a preacher. In 1837, the Rev. Jesse Holstead held forth to occasional meetings of Methodists in the town of Troy, Walworth County, and not a few of the first settlers in the backwoods region went thither for spiritual sustenance. Gradually, the light of religion shed its rays in the valleys of the Scupernong and Bark Rivers, until finally each settlement could afford its own minister, and, in due course of time, the reverberating echoes of the church bell could be heard penetrating the rigid atmosphere that had so recently known no sound save the piercing yell of the savage. In 1849-53, Palmyra was included in the circuit with Hart and Round Prairies, and the Revs. James F. Flanders, Mr. Whitehead and Nathaniel Swift will be remembered as belonging to the itinerancy and preaching on stated occasions to the people of those neighborhoods. An old settler of Palmyra remembers the text of Mr. Swift's first sermon. It was : " Receiveth, for we have wronged no man, nor defrauded no man, nor deceived no man." It was a very good community indeed, and each of Mr. Swift's hearers, it is believed, could honestly have taken the text to his or her own heart without conscientious compunctions. Mr. Swift was much beloved by his small flock, and, before he left, it secured a lot of ground and assisted in the construction of a church edifice, in which, for a long time, a drygoods box did service as a pulpit. When the society was organized in 1842, there were but five members. Meetings were then held in the old log schoolhouse. The list of Pastors since the ministration of the Rev. Swift is as follows : The Revs. Latin, H. M. Frinck, P. B. Pease, Mr. Moulthrop, Thomas Ross, J. Howd, R. M. Beach, I. S. Eldridge. H. Hersy, J. E. Biiker, Milton Rowley, A. S. Chamberlain, 0. C. Huntley, S. W. Ford, Mr. Vanvoorhees, Thomas Potter, J. R. Allen, W. E. Walker, Mr. Cooley, S. F. Cole, C. M. Stowers, C. E. Carpenter and W. B. Robinson. The Presiding Elders on this circuit since 1854 have been the Revs. C. Hobart, P. S. Bennett, W. G. Miller, W. 11. Sampson, S. C. Thomas, Mr. Pilsbury, W. C. Stowe and W. G. Miller.

The First Cori'jreffational Church of Palmyra was organized on December 5, 1847, as a Presbyterian Church, the meeting for the purpose being held at the residence of Mr. Justus Carpenter, on December 4. The first members were B. N. Benedict, Justus Carpenter and wife, J. Fish, -J. Chambers and wife, J. Malcomson and wife, L. H. Lyman and Mrs. Sophia Lyman. In 1852, a church edifice was erected, and on July 10, 1858, the members, in consequence of the large numbers of Congregationalists in the village, agreed to transform it into a Congregational Church. It is a very fine frame building, with a seating capacity of 150 persons, and cost §2,500. The present membership is about eighty. Following is a list of the Pastors : Revs. P. H. Turner, C. W. Camp, W. C. Fiske, H. T. Lothrop, I. S. Emery, E. F. Waldo, E. P. Salmon, S. Parker, William E. Southworth, William Turner, Daniel Wooley and M. Wells.

The Episcopal Church was organized in 1871, the first sermon being delivered by tlie Rev. E. P. Smith. The only regular members were Mrs. J. R. Cushman and Miss Kendall. Now there are some fifteen or twenty communicants, who have the opportunity of attending service every second Sunday, the Rectors who give them that pleasure being the Revs. E. P. Smith and R. D. Stearns. It is but right to state that the success of the Church is largely, if not entirely, due to the efforts of the female portion of the society.

The Baptist Church was organized in 1844, with William K. Cash and wife, William D. Baldwin and wife, Seth and Abigail Higgins and John Chapen and wife as the first members. After the completion of the organization, services were held in the house of Mr. Cash, two miles north of the village, Elder Delaney being their guide, philosopher and friend. He continued in that position for some time, and was subsequently succeeded by Elder Carr, under whose ministrations the present church edifice was erected.

As has already been stated, the first manufactory in Palmyra was the saw-mill of the Messrs. Powers. About the time that institution was converted into a grist-rnill, for the manufacture of flour and meal, Jlr. M. W. Coon established a cooper-shop in the village, and although thi '' bar'l " was in those days unknown to politics, there was such a demand for Mr. Coon's productions of this article that he was encouraged to build a second and larger factory, and increase his working force to from ten to eigliteen hands. Most of his barrels were shipped by wagon to Janesville. When, in 1858, timber became dear, and improved machinery literally took the adz from the hand of the workman, Mr. Coon saw the necessity of discontinuing the business.

In 1856, John Heath and Nathan Smith built a reaper factory in Palmyra, where, for two years, they manufactured a machine that hiis attained a merited amount of fame among the farmers, known as the " Patent Falvey Riley Reaper." Messrs. Heath & Smith then retired from the business, and, in 1866, I. E. Brown obtained possession of "the old stand," where he carried on the foundry and machine business until 1871, when he sold to Reed & Willson. who built an addition for the accommodation of an engine and the purposes of a blacksmith-shop, and manufactured the Reed & Willson Wagon until 1877. The property then passed into the ands of James Webster, but in May, 1879, was purchased by C. F. Rauii, who manufactures eparators, horse-powers, saw-frames, mill-works, and does a large business in the line of epairing all sorts of machinery, his working force consisting of from six to eight men.

January 1, 1875, Robert Loewe and T. R. (^ualey associated themselves together in the rholesale manufacture of boots and shoes. Their first year's sales amounted to about $20,000. 'ebruary 1, 1876, a partner - Mr. John Messerschmidt - was added to the firm, which, in Lugust, 1877, was again changed by Mr. Loewe retiring. From nine to twelve men are mployed by Qualey & Co. Shipments are made throughout the Northwest.

The Palmyra Broom-Factory was started in 1872 by Messrs. Pond & King, with a capital f about $200, and in the first year they turned out about two thousand dozen brooms. The usiness has increased very much of late, and now Messrs. King & Son, who constitute the rm, are raising their own material. They give employment to three hands, and ship to a jrge number of points in AVisconsin.

The town of Palmyra affords three cheese-factories, with a combined capacity for working p the lacteal productions of 1,500 cows. The first of these was established in 1862, and is be property of Z. Willson ; the second in point of importance belongs to the Cold Springs !heese Company, and the third to Charles Calkins. Dairying has become one of the chief idustries of this part of Jefferson County. Prior to 1870, the raising of grain was the prinipal pursuit of the farmer, but when he learned of the demand in European markets for Amer- ;an cheese and butter, he turned his attention to stock-raising, and, it is believed, has not egretted his venture.

The Railroad

What is now the Prairie du Chien Division of the Chicago, Milwaukee <fe St. Paul Railfay, reached the village of Palmyra in the fall of 1852. It was a luxury, the need of which iie citizens long had felt. Zebina Willson was installed as the agent of the Company at this oint, and has remained in the office ever since, being known as the oldest agent (that is, ingest in the service of the Company) on the road. Mr. Willson is one of the " live men " of 'almyra. In 1853, he built a warehouse and commenced the purchase and shipment of grain. n 1860, he found the business largely increasing, and, recognizing the necessity for more borage room, erected an elevator with a capacity of 20,000 bushels. He continued in the rain trade until 1878, when he sold his elevator and patronage to John Gregory.

The Palmyra House, built by William Mulks, and destroyed by fire in 1859, was the first otel in Palmyra. Second in the list of institutions under this head was the Wisconsin House, uilt and owned by Coon & Purdy. After the burning of the Palmyra House, Messrs. Coon ; Purdy moved their hotel from its original site to that formerly occupied by the ill-starred 'almyra. It is now the Stewart House, kept by A. Tichaffer.

James French was the next individual to become fascinated with the hotel business, and, in 857, he constructed a convenient and commodious caravansary near the railroad depot, which, 1 1866, was purchased by J. B. Messerschmidt. In 1877, extensive improvements were naade y the owner, and it was called the Commercial House.

A Summer Resort

Palmyra is rapidly developing toward a leading position in the long list of excellent sumler resorts to be found in Wisconsin. The artificial lake, cau.sed, for the most part, by the amming of the silver-watered Scupernong, the romantic surroundings of sfiady groves and ozy nooks (lovers' retreats), and the famous springs, whose waters contain all the exhilarating ualities claimed by physicians to be so beneficial to impaired constitutions, combine to make

Palmyra all that is accorded to the most fashionable or agreeable places of this character to b found within the interior of the Union. In 1871. Ira Bidwell and Dr. Wood built an elegan and substantial hotel (the Bidwell House) for the accommodation of those seeking pleasure o health, and furnished in a style whose sumptuousness is certainh^ all that could be desired c expected. It is in every particular a summer-resort hotel, where, during the heated term, ca be found the Southern Bourbon and Northern " Stalwart," the Eastern dandy and Wester business man, who, for a period, forget the halls of legislation and trade-marts and turn thei undivided attention to the recuperation of their wasting energies. Last season, the Bidwell wa opened by Col. Charles H. Dean, of Peoria, 111., who presided over the hostelry in a mannc highly spoken of by those who were so fortunate as to be his guests. Excellent drives, line with groves of oaks and maples, diverge in almost every direction from the Bidwell.

Palmyra is not without that most valuable acquisition in the march of progress - a news paper; and, for a village of 900 or 1,000 inhabitants, the Palmyra Enterprise certainly is newspaper in which the citizens should take a deep pride. The publication of the Enterprii was commenced seven years ago by 0. P. Dow, its present editor and manager. It was orig nally a seven-column folio, and, three years ago, another column was added to each page. It i Republican in politics, and temperate in principle, and has been the especial champion of uniform text-book system. The Entfrprhe was the first journal in the State to hoist the nam of William Smith for Governor at the head of its editorial columns. The editor exhibits con: mendable modesty in any claims upon the party for this exhibition of political foresight, belie\ ing that he only added his "little mite " in the interest of good government. " U. S. Gran for President of the United States," is the present political emblem of the Enterprise. Jui how near the mark Mr. Dow will fall is a matter for future decision.

This never-failing mark of civilization was established in 1843, with Mr. John Fish a Postmaster. There was then but one mail per week, which has increased to three mails per daj and a tri-weeklv from the East via Milwaukee, the average amount of matter received being 15 pounds per day. The receipts from the office, money-order and stamp sales combined, are abou $10,000 per annum. The following is a list of the Postmasters : John Fish, G. M. Harris. I H. Turner, I. C. Thompson, A. S. Porter, H. Strong andB. N. Benedict, the present incumbeni

In connection with this is a Rebecca Lodge, known as Nellie Lodge, No. 18, the preser membership of which is twenty-eight. The officers are : N. G., Mrs. E. M. Towle ; V. G., Mri

Capt. Henry Willson, of Palmyra, was made an Odd Fellow in 1828, in Manchestei England, and is probably the oldest Odd Fellow in Wisconsin. The Order has just completed larire and Commodious hall.

Palmyra Lodge, No. 6S, A., F. if- A. M., was organized in 1848. Among the original mbers of this Lodge may be mentioned the following: Monroe McKenzie, Jacob Skinner, Z. illson, R. Willson, M. W. Coon, 0. F. Weed, George Reddington, Maj. Asa Boyington and M. Harris. The Lodge lias now about sixty membei's.

First Things

The first marriage took place in the fall of 1843, the high contracting parties being Albertus lapp and Miss Polly Duncan, a sister-in-law of Mr. Miles Wilbur.

The first land was broken in the village by S. Brisbin and Miles Wilbur in the spring of 43, upon which they planted winter wheat, and when it arrived at maturity they took it to ilwaukee and sold it for 37 cents per bushel.

The Cemetery

On April 26, 1851, a meeting was held at the Town Hall for the purpose of forming a metery Association. Those present were B. N. Benedict, N. F. Smith, P. H. Turner, J. :inner, Philetus Ranney, M. C. Conger, Monroe McKenzie, John E. S. Harris, Richard Packm, .James Malcomson, John Chapin, J. A. Allen, H. T. Lothrop, S. B. Higgins, Z. Wilson d Justus Carpenter. B. N. Benedict was chosen President, and Nathan Smith, Secretary, essrs. P. H. Turner, John Chapin, B. N. Benedict, Richard Packham, M. McKenzie and John

S. Harris, were elected Trustees. On May 21, 1852, another meeting was held at which a oposition was made by David J. Powers, to the effect that if they would raise $200 for the purse of surveying and fencing the ground, he would donate two and three-fourth acres of land. r. Powers' offer was accepted. On June 5, 1866, pursuant to a clause in the act of incorporain the cemetery was transferred to the control of the Village Board, but, when the act of incorration was declared illegal, the following Trustees were elected: 0. P. Dow, President; S. B. iggins, C. F. Eastman, Miles Wilbur, R. Williams (Treasurer), and W. F. Chambers, Secrery. Next year, however, the control of it passed again into the hands of the Village Board, monuments, and various shrubs, beneath which lie the remains of many of the pioneers who ga their services and their lives to the advancement of civilization, and the founding of one of t prettiest villages in the Northwest.

Town And Village Of Cold Spring

" Abram Brink,', says an old settler of the village of Cold Spring, "was not only t founder of this place, but, while he continued to live, he was the moving spirit in every cnt( prise calculated to add to its prosperity and importance ; and when, by his sudden and unf( tunate death, the light of his genius went out, a reactionary era set in, from the efl'ects of whi we are just recovering. We believe that a new and (so far as enterprise is concerned) regen( ated Brink has recently come among us, and that the cloud that for thirty years has o'ersha owed the horizon of our advancement will soon be dispelled, and Cold Spring will again take place among the progressive villages of this progressive asje."

Abram Brink came to Jefferson County in 1838, and settled on Whitewater Creek, in St tion 18, Township 5 north, Range 15 east, opposite a bounteous spring of pure, cold water - very cold, in fact, as to entitle it to the name of Cold Spring, after which the village that afte ward grew up thereabouts and the town that was subsequently organized out of the town Bark River were named. Brink's first work was the building of a saw-mill and dam. turning-shop and grist-mill were the next institutions that owed their existence to his enterpris Ten years from the date of Mr. Brink's first settlement oi^ Whitewater Creek saw a wonderf transformation in that vicinity. The humble log cabin, reare<l with but little regard for comfoi but m'erely as a temporary shelter, was torn away, and frame dwellings, with perhaps two stori( and, better still, lathed and plastered, began to loom up in almost every direction ; saw t platting of a village covering twenty acres of Brink's claim, and the survey of streets and roa ways by Milo Jones ; witnessed the establishment of stores ; the foundation of schools ; t inauguration of religious societies, and a reign of general progress all along the line. Bi alas ! the same period of time also witnessed the accidental death of Abram Brink. Novemb 1, 1848, while on his way to Milwaukee with a load of flour (the product of his grist-mill), company with Frank Pixley, and while in tlie act of driving beneath a leaning tree, N Brink's spin^ was so seriously injured that he died within a few days. He was thirty-fi years of age, and was buried in Cold Spring Cemetery.

Alexander Henderson, Nelson Fryer, Asabel Kinney and Henry Johnson, beside W Brink, were the earliest settlers in what is now the town of Cold Spring. George W. Essi came in 183!', and after a short stay went to Michigan, but returned and settled permanent in the spring of 1840. During this year, Thomas Findley, James Wallace, Prude Parsons ai Thomas Brice were added to the population.

The surface of the land comprised in the town of Cold Spring is for the most part level, gently rolling. The soil is rich and productive and in a high state of cultivation There evidence that that region was once a favorite haunt of the Indians, and old Black Hawk, his time, was no doubt the "ruling sovereign " of the Bark River country. An Indian buryin ground, on a little knoll half a mile northwest of the village of Cold Spring, denotes the speci of the original inhabitants of this once wild waste that has since been made to " blossom the rose." Bear, elk and deer were very plentiful in the Bark River region at an early da Mr. Eason remembers having killed a pestiferous bruin, which had displayed an enormo' appetite for calves and pigs and lambs. The animal weighed 325 pounds, and was " treed by a very noisy, stump-tailed cur belonging to Mr. Eason. The old pioneer's table was f some time thereafter well-supplied with " b'ar meat." Milwaukee was for several years tl nearest provision point.

The village of Cold Spring is located one mile south of the confluence of Whitewater Creek I Bark River, beneath the brow of a gracefully rising hill, from the top of which the church res and factory smoke-stacks in Fort Atkinson, Whitewater and other villages, can be disctly seen. The first store established in the village was by Oscar Weed k Bros. Prior to advent of the Weeds, a genius from Ohio, who came from the Buckeye State with another n's wife and a small stock of whisky, pipes, tobacco, coffee and tea, had located there as a rchant, but, receiving an unexpected visit from a posse of Milwaukee officers, he allowed the ids to be confiscated for the benefit of his creditors, and, in company with the woman, kipped the ranch," and ''went West.'' It is said he entertained a mortal horror of shot-guns the hands of outraged husbands. Among those who have "kept store" since the time of ;ar Weed may be mentioned Dempster Gould, "Little" Robinson, Gr. P. Marston (who died San Diego, Cal.), August Greenleaf, Ira Day, Dana King, Thadeus De Long, B. F. Pixley, P. Hammond, and, perhaps others, whose names cannot be remembered. The Hale Wash- ,rd Manufacturing Company will be remembered as among the institutions of Cold Spring, ^rew out of a copartnership store, and was carried on by F. De Long and F. Smith. After ear of varied success, the building in which the patent Milesian music-boxes were manufaced was struck by lightning. S. P. Hammond and family were living in one portion of the icture at the time, and had a narrow escape. The Judge considers it the " closest call " he r had. So vividly was he made to realize the fragile texture of the thread of life, that his nediate reformation followed ; he became a Deacon in the church, and now, when not engaged the dispensation of petty justice and hard cider, may be found in the gloom of his cloister, ipped in the sackcloth of humiliation and bent low in the attitude of prayer.

The Brink saw-mill, after passing through the hands of Joseph Widner and Norman Hor- , and while it was the property of Archibald and William Snodgrass, was totally destroyed saw-mill. This enterprise proving unremunerative, it was converted into a gristmill, which, ;he spring of 1879^ was sold under a mortgage, F. M. Allen & Son being the purchasers. A iplete outfit of new milling machinery has been put into the structure by Allen & Son, I, with the advantages arising from a rich agricultural region and what is considered one of

The new Cold Spring Cheese Factory, established by the Cold Spring Cheese Company, 187-1, is another institution taking no small part in the prosperity of the place. The comly was originally composed of R. F. McCutchan, William Marshall, A. D. Coburn and )rge Billett. The proprietorship is the same now, with the exception of Mr. Marshall, who hdrew in the spring of 1879. The factory has a capacity of 200,000 pounds of cheese per son of eight months. This company also owns four other cheese-factories, one at Oak Hill, u of Sullivan, built in 1873, with a capacity of 200,000 pounds; one at Hebron, built about same time, capable of turning out 300,000 pounds; one at Palmyra, built in 1871, with a acity of 200,000 pounds, and another (The Clover Valley Factory), in the town of White- :er, Walworth County. The combined product of the five factories has reached over one lion pounds in a season. In 1864, the old Cold Spring Cheese-Factory, situated on White- ;er Creek, was built by Alanson Pike, Edmund King, William Marshall aud James M. Case. Iliam Marshall is the present owner, and the institution, which has a capacity of 280,000 inds in a season, is now known as the Marshall Cheese-Factory. Shipments from all of the ve are made to Liverpool, London, New York, etc. A district school was organized about 1840, of which a Miss Moore is said to have been first teacher. A log schoolhouse which stood on the land now owned by AVilliam Greenleaf, nished .shelter for Miss Moore's class of embryo philosophers. It is said that George Peck, Peck's Sun, obtained his earlier knowledge of letters of the English alphabet within this old schoolhouse. Miss Greenleaf is believed to have been his instructor ; but, of course, no one 1 blame her for the wickedness of her pupil. The old adage, "As the twig is bent, the tree will incline," will not apply in George's case. The next abode of education was a neat li frame house which stood on the farm of Lyman Goodhue, and now used by that gentleman i storehouse. In 1871, a two-story brick was erected near by, in which is now taught a gra school of two departments. The roll shows the names of 109 children who have attend Prof. Brown and Miss McDonough are the teachers.

Elder Case, a Methodist missionary, was among the first professors of religion to pre the Gospel in Cold Spring and vicinity. Services were held in the private residences of th most devout, 184:2 being given as the date of these proceedings. The Revs. Halleck, Cook : Anderson have officiated since Elder Case. During the fifties, the United Brethren organi prayer-meeting.s in the old Fuller House, in which Deacon Hammond had a store. The fn schoolhouse was afterward the scene of worship by this denomination, and, in 1862, they b a church edifice, the society at the present time being given, in numbers, at eighty-six m* bers. Elders Zook, Payne and Hamilton were among the early exhorters. The Revs. Sut( Bove, Talbot, Alderman, Cunningham, Deal, Grover and Wood have been the regular Pasti

In early days (about 1849), the good shepherds of the Lord in Cold Spring found it i essary to inaugurate a crusade .against that monster. Intemperance. Accordingly, Elder 1 took the lead in this regard, and pursued the enemy to the very threshold of his lair, organization was effected in the wagon-shop of William Graham, known as the "Auger-B Society," to which a large proportion of the population belonged. Instead of signing pledge and joining in singing a cold-water hymn, the candidate for admission was required, the presence of all the other teetotalers, to bore a hole, with an auger, in a plank leaning agai the side of the room, and swear never to drink till the hole grew up ; if he did, he would c( forward, in the presence of his stronger brothers and sisters, and acknowledge his waywardi by deliberately plugging the hole with a wooden pin. This novel method of initiation exci considerable interest at first ; but, owing to the great demand for pins, causing a drain u Mr. Graham's supply of wagon-timber, the Society disbanded. Among the "old pluggers' the "Auger-Hole Society" who are still in existence, may be mentioned Judge Hammond, 1 Marsh and Maj. Gray.

Located upon the apex of a hill in the southern limits of Cold Spring are the beaut grounds of the Cold Spring Union Cemetery Association, where lie the remains of many old pioneer. The Association was organized in 1860, with S. B. Hammond as Preside Daniel Bean, Treasurer; Richard Cheesebrough, Clerk, and B. S. McCune added to the ab as Director. In October, 1878, a re-organization took place, and the grounds were laro improved. The officers and managers of the Association at the present time are Will Ludtke, Chr. Ludtke and William Kutz.

Lake Mills

Capt. Joseph Keyes was the first settler in what is now the village of Lake Mills. 0 ber, 1837, is the date of his coming. He settled and built a shanty on the piece of land i occupied by Mrs. Lewis. After numerous improvements and additions to his rude home, finally (in 1841) attached to it a frame structure, made of plank from his saw-mill, and, fc long time, the Captain's house was regarded by his neighbors as the acme of architect! beauty.

Judging by the following incident, his life there, until others moved in, can hardly h been all his fancy painted. For some time his nearest neighbors were Fort Atkinson and A Ian, and one day being short of flour, he started off to the latter place with a pillow-slip to ] cure some. He obtained about six pounds, and, on his way back, the horse he was riding stai at something, causing Mr. Keyes to let go his hold on the pillow-slip, which fell, as luck wc have it, into a mud-hole. The Captain's grief was very great, in fact he cried, but flour be ery valuable, he recognized the truth of the old adage respecting the uselessness of mourning ver spilt milk, and gathered up his package, the contents of which he subsequently used.

George Farmer and wife, Isaac Wardwell and his brother, M. L. Bartlett, George Ilebard, J. P. Drake, Judge Hyer, J. L. Chambers and Miles Millard were the next settlers in that hat vicinity. In 1842, Capt. Keyes laid out the village by platting an area of his claim ontaining about twenty-five acres. In 1852, Mr. Enoch B. Fargo set off the northern nd western portions, consisting of fifteen acres in the latter and twenty in the former. A hird addition was made at a later date, by Messrs. Cook & Atwood, which included twenty ores in the northwestern portion. In the center of the place is a very fine piece of round, which was laid out and donated by Capt. Keyes for a public park. For a number of ears no action was taken in regard to improvements, but, of late years, a substantial fence has een erected and numerous shade-trees planted upon it. These latter, when fully grown, will end much to beautify an otherwise plain spot. Up to 1870, the place bore the name of Lake ilills, having been so christened by Capt. Keyes, probably owing to the circumstance of it8 leing almost on Rock Lake, which was a source of power to a saw-mill and grist-mill then runling. But, in 1870, it was re-christened "Tyranena," which name it bore for one year, when, n deference to a popular sentiment, the name was changed back to Lake Mills."

Ever since 1856, the government of the village has been vested in a President and Board f Trustees, a list of whom the publishers regret being unable to give, the necessity for which 3 occasioned by the utter and entire absence of records from 1846 to 1857, and the inability of ven the oldest inhabitant to remember, with the slightest degree of accuracy, the name or names f any members of the Board. The present members of the Board are: President, B. B. Sanlorn ; Trustees - F. A. Seaven, F. G. Kaltenbrum, C. Cramer, Clint Bray ton, A. J. Foster and leorge Griswold ; Clerk, Frank Foote ; Treasurer, R. S. Royce ; Police Justice, 0. L. Ray.

Royal Tyler, an old settler in Lake Mills, who died in 1870, has left the following sketch, 'iving his experiences and observations. The paper is supposed to have been written about wenty years ago. It is to be regretted that Mr. Tyler did not leave a more extended history (f this important section. He says :

" The first settlement of the town of Lake Mills was commenced in the month of May, L837, by E. L. Atwood, Holly Atwood and Jacob Gause, who emigrated from Massachusetts, ind arrived in Milwaukee in the month of August, 1836, and moved on to their claim, as it was hen called - which was made by the writer on the 16th day of March, 1837, and recorded in lie memorable claim-law office, kept by N. F. Hyer, at the Ancient City - on the 31st day of yiay, 1837, and commenced making improvements on the southeast quarter of Section 1, Town r north, of Range 13 east, and built during the season one small block-house and one frame louse in the month of June, 1837 ; and in the fall one large block-house, 24x36, and raised that ieason 150 bushels of potatoes.

" On the 5th day of March, 1837, the writer of this arrived in Milwaukee from the State )f Vermont, and came to this town on 15th day of the same month, and made his claim ; moved )n to it June following, and has resided on it since, with the exception of three years. The iame season, I broke six acres of land. With me came Theron Plumb, who came from Massachusetts, and lived with Mr. Atwood and myself until he moved over into Milford, where he now resides with his family, considered in every other respect as one of our citizens.

" In the month of July, two sisters of Mr. Atwood - Elvira and Mary Ann - moved out from Milwaukee. Until then, we considered ourselves the kings and queens of the West; then we were once more happy to acknowledge ourselves under the influence of the fair sex. It seemed to us like enjoying a meal at home to have it prepared by the hands of those whom nature has designed to satisfy the finer sense of taste - though our meals were nothing more than good bread and pork, and pork and bread.

"In October, Mr. John Atwood and wife - parents of the above-named Atwoods - moved t this place, together with the rest of their family, viz.: Their sons Isaac and wife, and John G and Nancy, and also the wife and family of E. L Atwood.

" In the same month, also, came Capt. J(;seph Keyes, who moved with his family from th State of Vermont, and located in the present village, and commenced improving the water-powei Also, with Capt. Keyes came George Farmer and wife, from New York. Of this company of firs settlers, George Farmer and family returned to Herkimer, the place whence they came, i 1H4.3, and Capt. Keyes moved to Menasha with his fiimily in 18.50, with great reluctance - Lak Mills seeming most jike home to him of any other place in the West. And it was with the sam deep sense of regret that we parted with him, he being endeared to us all by the ties of early sei tlement, and those being the nearest of all, e.xcept of kin.

" The first death from among the early settlers was that of Mrs. John Atwood, who died o November 2, 1845. The first marriage of the first settlers was that of the writer with Rosalin Colton, of Montpelier, Vt., on January 8, 1839. The next in order was that of K. Atwood t Mary Ann Keene on April 12, 1840. Miss Keene and her sister Delta (now the wife c Charles M. Plumb) are believed to have been the third and fourth females who settled in thi county. They located in the present limits of Aztalan December 25, 18.36. and underwei great privations and hardships, being nearly frozen to death once, and often reduced nearly t starvation. The first wedding celebrated in the town was the marriage of Morgan "^j. Bartleti one of the settlers of Milford, to Miss Mary Ann Atwood, in the spring of 1840. Both of th above have died - Mr. Bartlett, on June 31, 1847, and Mrs. Bartlett in the October ^ollowinj Mrs. Isaac Atwood died December 31, 1848, and Mrs. Royal Tyler November 14, 18o0. Th first child born in Lake Mills was William Henry Atwood, son of E. L. and Sarah Atwood," o May 6, 1840.

" Improvements. - The first saw -mill in the village of Lake Mills was built by Capt. Josep Keyes, which went into operation in the fall of 183U. In the fall of 1842, Capt. Keye erected the first grist-mill in the county of Jefferson, on the same water-power as the saw-mi named above. A store was opened at Lake Mills in 1842, by George Payne and J. L. Byinc ton. The first schoolhouse was erected in the summer of 1841, and an excellent school kept b' Nancy Atwood, now Mrs. Daniel Wood. Independence Day was first celebrated in the count at Lake Mills, in 1830. by a goodly number of people for the time, at which a spirited oration wa delivered by Rev. J. F. Ostrander.

- The town now contains 1,400 inhabitants. The price of wheat i 1838 was P per bushel; now 37i cents. Flour, in 1837, $15; in 1852, $2.50. Pork, §4 per barrel, or 25 cents per pound, now 3i cents. Labor by the day, $1 ; board by the weel $7, and bread and fish at that."

The M. E. Church was organized in 1844, with the following communicants : Mrs. Mar Ann Millard, Stephen Faville, Alpheus Faville, John Johnston, George Baker, Thomas Dare and Oscar Bowman. For a number of years, the then growing congregation met for prayer i; the houses of personal friends and in the schoolhouse. In 1854, they built the first church, a a cost of about $1,800. It was a frame structure, capable of seating 200 persons. That build ing continued in use until 1867, when the present building was erected. It is a very handsom brick building, with a seating capacity of 300, and cost §10,000.

Following is a list of the Pastors from the date of the organization to the present time The Revs. Lathrop, Allen, Wood, Martin, Willard, Jones, Galup, Brown, Randall, Piersol Ilolister, Shepherd, Squires, Potter, Boshe, Reyna, Cooley, North, Bennett, Moore, Sewel, Car penter, Bennett, Wheeler, Hubbs, Coblin, Miller, Moffat, Piersol and Richardson. The Pre siding Elders have been S. C. Stocking, P. B. Pease (twice). Elder Seighigh, E. Springei W. H. Sampson and W. P. Stowe.

The Moravian Church. - The nucleus of this society was formed in 1856, the leading ipirits being Messrs. August Resenberg, Michael Strasburg, Carl Zeberneck, George Bruns, A. Zimmerman and Andrew Joeckel. For two years, services, presided over by the Rev. Mr. Rathbrun, were held in the old schoolhouse ; but in 1858, the society, then much stronger, built I church. It was a brick building, with a seating capacity of about one hundred and fifty, and !Ost $600. Two years afterward, they built a parsonage, of brick, also, at a cost of $600. The )ld church was utilized until 1872, when they built the present church. It is also of brick, with I seating capacity of five hundred, and cost $5,000. The old parsonage is still in use. The jresent number of the congregation is one hundred and fifty, who contribute a salary to the Pastor of .$500 per annum.

Following is a list of the ministers from the date of the organization to the present time : 185G-57, Rev. Mr. Rathbrun ; 1857-60, Rev. John Kilian ; 1860-65, Rev. Phillip Uitse ; 1865-70, Rev. Phillip Rommel; 1870-79, Rev. P. F. Oehler ; 1879, Rev. Mr. Severing, the oresent incumbent.

The Baptist Church was organized on August 17, 1869, with the following communi- ;ants : William H. Foster and wife, George Lusted and wife, L. D. Fargo and wife, W. A. Gruild, George T. Fargo, W. Carr, Miss Nancy Allcorn, Delia Healy, Emma Harvey, Mrs. M. I. Sanborn, Mrs. Sarah Wenings, Miss Rose Trussell, Miss Alida Fargo and Miss Kate K. Fargo. Up to 1870, the congregation met in Hoskin's Hall, but in that year they purchased ;he old Leavitt Schoolhouse and converted it into a hall. It is a frame building, with a seating japacity of about two hundred, but is only called upon to accommodate sixty-two, that being the present membership. It cost $1,200.

The Gongregatio7ial Church was organized August 15, 1847, with the following members: Kelly Atwood, Mary A. Atwood. Theron Plum, Charles Plum, Gerard Cutler, Mary Cutler, E. D. Seward, Sarah A. Seward, Martin N. Seward, May E. Seward and Mrs. Chary Smith. In 1850, Mr. Kelly Atwood donated a lot, one acre and a half in extent, and next year the society erected the present church at a cost of $2,000. Additions to the extent of |1,500 have since been made. It has a seating capacity of about three hundred, though it is never called upon to accommodate more than one hundred and fifty, its present congregation. Following is a list of Pastors from the date of the organization to the present time: The Revs. Mr. Clinton, E. D. Seward, T. W. Jones, A. A. Young, - Bushel, C. Caverno, S. E. Lathrop, H. B. Tuttle, H. Fowle, H. Pullen and R. Quaife, the present incumbent. The present Trestees are G. A. Williams, W. L. Hopkins and S. Wegeman.

Rock Lake Cemetery Association

On October 4, 1854, a meeting of the residents of Lake Mills was held for the purpose of forming a cemetery association. Messrs. John G. Merriam, Q. A. Shoat, William H. Foster, L. S. Kellogg, W. R. Griswold and S. S. Keyes, were chosen to fill the office of Trustees, they choosing as ofiicers L. S. Kellogg, President; W. R. Griswold, Treasurer, and S. S. Keyes, Secretary.

The ground, two acres in extent, was then located on the Picket estate, in Cook & Atwood's Addition to the village. That ground continued in use until September 29, 1856, when another meeting was called, and held, for the purpose of receiving the present lot at the hands of Mr. Kelly Atwood, who donated it in exchange for that formerly in use. All the bodies in the original plat were taken up and re-entered. It contains five acres, and is located on the old Madison and Watertown road, on Sections 11 and 12.

It is a very pretty ground, and in appointments and general appearance does honor to those who have been at the pains and expense to thus beautify it. The present Trustees are: Oscar S. Ray, President; C. H. Steinfert, Secretary; William L. Hoskins, Treasurer George S. Griswolil, S. W. Hoyt and S. R. Teed, Trustees.

The first schoolhouse in the town was erected by Capt. Joseph Keyes and his neighbors, ii 1841, who hired a Miss Catlin to teach there, the cost of the building and Miss Catlin's salary being defrayed from a fund subscribed by the citizens. On October 7, 1843, pursuant to at order of the School Commissioners of the town of Aztalan, a meeting of the legal voters of th( Lake Mills School District was held in Lake Mills for the purpose of forming a school board an( electing officers for the ensuing year. Those chosen were: S. S. Keyes, Clerk ; Miles Millard, W B. Sloan, E. L. Atwood, Trustees; Girard Cutler, Collector. At a meeting held on February 22 1844, it was resolved to erect a schoolhouse in Lake Mills, and the following gentlemen wen appointed a Building Committee: Messrs. Benjamin Salts, Andrew P. Waterbury and George Heb ard. That summer, the schoolhouse was built, the material being of brick and the cost 3200 On August 1, 1845, a meeting was held to obtain the sense of the voters on the amount of ta: necessary to be levied for the completion of the building, and, after some discussion, $100 wa the amount agreed upon. On September 1, 1850, tlie Clerk of the District, Mr. E. D. Seward submitted his annual report, by which it was shown that there were one hundred and thirty-fiv pupils attending the school, of whom sixty-seven were males and sixty-eight females ; that tli school had been taught seven months of the year - by Mr. James E. Cook for two and a hal months, by Miss M. A. Ranney and J. A. Baker one and a half months each, and A. Parker on and a half months.

In 1854, a second brick schoolhouse was erected at a cost of ^800, the land upon which th two stood being donated by Roswell Picket and Miles Millard. Those two buildings remainei in occupation until 1808, when the present free high-school building was erected at a cost o §'.),000. It is of brick, with accommodations for two iiundred and fifty scholars, and, in add! tion, the Board still use one of the old back buildings. The course of instruction pursued i similar to that in use throughout the high schools in the State.

Principal among these important factors to the ultimate greatness of the village, are th Agricultural Company's works, which were started in 1847, by Miles Millard, Ambrose Foste and Enoch and L. B. Fargo, in a brick building 70x40 feet. The work then turned out was ( the most ordinary character, being, in fact, such as is performed in almost any small foundry a the present day.

apital. The Company remained in force until 1876, ivlien the present proprietors, Messrs. Jeorge S. Griswohl, S. P. Hitchcock and G. A. Williams, bought out the concern for 25 cents n the dollar of the amount above represented. In June of the same year, Mr. Williams purhased Mr. Hitchcock's interest, thus constituting the firm of Williams & Griswold, who, howver, continue to do business under the style and title of the "Agricultural Company." The Qost recent change is the purchase of the entire concern by Mr. Williams.

The machinery principally manufactured consists of plows, seeders, wagons and general isirming implements. The amount of work turned out annually is worth about $30,000, and, n the season when seeders are in most demand, the firm employs some thirty men. The .mount of capital invested is about $20,000.

Seaver's Oil-Tempered Knife Manufactory was started in 1875, by Mr. F. A. Seaver, fith $4,000 capital. He now has $5,000 invested, and will turn out this year, with five hands, ,bout $5,000 worth of work. These knives find considerable favor throughout the States of iVisconsin, Illinois, Iowa and Minnesota, with all of whom he has a large trade. Next year, he vill increase his facilities by the addition of a large trip hammer, which will enable him to proluce ten times more work than he has been in the habit of doing.

Cigar Manufactorij. - In May, 1876, Messrs. A. P. Newton, A. Newton and G. H. Newon, trading as "Newton Bros.," started this important adjunct to the comfort of the sons of nen, with about $1,000 capital. The first year they employed three hands, and turned out 500,000 cigars. They have now a capital of $3,500 invested, and give employment to six hands, vhose pay-roll foots up $70 per week. Tliey sliip principally to Denver, Colo., and manufacture argely for home consumption. The leaf used is purchased principally in Milwaukee.

The Flouring- Mill. - Upon the completion of the mill, in 1842, Capt. Keyes ran it during he winter, and in the spring Messrs. Miles Millard and Roswell Picket bought the property, ncluding nearly all of the present site of the village, and 120 acres of farming land adjoining jaying for it $5,500. Mr. Picket retained possession of his share until 1846, when he sold t to Mr. Millard, who controlled it until 1850, when he sold out to Mr. Enoch Fargo. That jentleraan retained it until 1854, but again disposed of it to a Mr. Hulburt, who sold out to Vlr. Samuel Lewis, who traded it back again to Mr. Fargo. He kept it for about eighteen nonths, and then disposed of it to a Mr. Buck, who retained possession of it until 1874, when he sold out to the present proprietor, Mr. C. C. Smith. In 1875, that gentleman added iteam power to it, so that he has now about $12,000 invested in the venture. It is a two-run Bill, with a capacity of about one hundred bushels per day. The grinding done is principally [or home consumption, and that known as " custom work."

Lake Mills Cheese Factory was started in April, 1878, by Mr. E. B. Fargo, with $1,400 capital. That year he turned out, with one man, 72,000 pounds of cheese. This year, he thinks he will turn out about the same amount. His trade is principally with New York, to which city he ships very largely, although he manufactures considerably for home consumption.

Lake Mills has a weekly newspaper, the Spike, published and edited by A. G. Bernard. It is a twenty-eight-column journal, bright and spicy, full of news, good advice and sound opinion. The Spike has just entered upon its second volume, and has the appearance of being in the enjoyment of liberal support and extended patronage. It is independent in politics.

Early Incidents

The First Tavern was opened in the building now known as the " Lakeside House," ir 1843, by Morgan L. Bartlett, the only change being the addition of a new front which has been made within the past few years.

The First Marriage. - The young people credited with having first called the attention ol that much-abused myth, the "pilgrim of love," to Lake Mills, are Thomas C. Dancy anc Arvilhi Wordwell, now residing in Palmyra. The next was a double marriage, that of Mr Abel Keyes and Miss Mary Cutler and Mr. George Hyer and Miss Katie Keyes, who wen married upon the same day. in the year 184-3, the day being observed as one of general rejoic ing, the whole village and part of Madison being present.

The First Birth. - The hero of this most important event is believed to have been i daughter to the wife of George Farmer, who first saw light in the village of Lake Mills, ii the year of grace 1839, though it is conceded that Henry Atwood was the first in the neigh borhood, he having become an inmate of this vale of tears as early as 1840.

Lake Mills is situated on the east side of Rock Lake, a romantic sheet of water mucl admired by tourists and others. The village limits comprise one-fourth of Sections 11, 12, 1-: and 14, Town 7 north. Range 13 east.

Kroghville Post Office. - Located in Section 19, town of Lake Mills. It was surveyed ii 1852 by J. D. Waterbury, and platted as a village by Casper Krogh, who built a saw-mil there in 1845.

The leading industrial enterprise in Kroghville is the patent-cultivator factory of Mi Krogh. There are also a cheese-factory, an artificial limb factory, a post ofiice, stores, black smith-shops and other institutions going to make up an enterprising and prosperous settlement

Hebron And Its Surroundings

The following historical sketch, from the pen of Mr. Mark Curtis, now a resident of Hebron is a most interesting paper on the subject of the early settlement of the southeastern portion o Jefferson County. Mr. Curtis proves himself to be a close observer of passing events, and h has labored with a zeal, untiring and faithful, in collecting his facts, that is only equaled by hi extraordinary ability to thoroughly develop and bring to light the' reminiscences of the pasi The article speaks for itself:

" A correct history of the town of Hebron embraces many things that are outside of th town, but are intimately connected with it, and a history of Hebron is of itself a history in pai of the adjoining towns. Hon. Milo Jones, of Fort Atkinson, who was one of the Governmen Surveyors, and had a large contract for surveying in the eastern portion of Wisconsin, am whose services ran back to 1834, while on a visit to Milwaukee, made mention of the fact tha there was a good water-power out about fifty miles on Bark River.

"A party, consisting of Solomon Juneau, *Daniel Willis, Jr., *Elisha W. Edgertor David Sargent, *Thomas Holmes and Henry Miller (the last-named was for twenty-five o more years connected with the great banking-house, as an employe and partner, of D. 0. Mills & Coe), left Milwaukee, and, after a journey of seventeen days, arrived at the site of where the tillage of Hebron now is, during the month of November, 1835, and immediately built a claim Bhanty on tlie point of land that runs into the pond, and near where the present dam is thrown icross the river. This being the first claim, and the parties improving it, made in Jefferson County.

" The parties who made this claim formed a company, known as the Rock River Land and Claim Company. David Sargent passed the winter of 183-5 and 1836 here, living alone and looking after the interests of his company, being the first white man to pass an entire winter (v'ithin what is now the boundaries of Jefferson County; although there are traditions that trappers had lived here portions of the year previous to this, but the claim that Sargent was the first ffhite man to winter here in Jefferson County, cannot be successfully disputed. The Company before mentioned sent out a working party and dammed the river about eighty rods above the present dam during the spring and su-mmer of 1836, and also commenced a saw-mill, which was located very near where the flouring-mill of L. Doud now stands. A race was dug that was near sixty rods long. The mill was completed so as to commence work, and sawed the first board February 11, 1837. There were two living witnesses of the 'opening' - Rufus C. Dodge, of Fort Atkinson, and Zenas Roberts, residence unknown to the writer. Dodge was a blacksmith, md was the 'smithy ' of the saw-mill, as well as the cook for the men working during the winter. Phis mill was the first one built north of Dixon, 111., on Rock River, or any of its tributaries.

" The mill was put under the charge and management of Horace Churchill (who was irowned near Sacramento, Cal., in 1878), but did not prove a financial success to its projectors ind builders. It changed hands a number of times, and, finally, was transferred to John T. Fields, and by him it was sold to Joseph Powers, Esq., in 1845. Mr. Powers was a machinist 3y trade, a man of energy and indomitable perseverance, and, from the time he became the purchaser, the mill was a success, doubtless owing in part to the rapid settlement of the country, and ;he increased demand for lumber. Soon after becoming proprietor, he built a factory for the uanufacture of bedsteads, the first one for the manufiicturing of furniture by machinery west of ;he lakes, and, in the little shop here in the heavy timber, was the pioneer in making cheap iiirniture in Wisconsin. It might be here stated that the Wisconsin Furniture Manufacturing [Jompany, with its immense business at Fort Atkinson, is but the outgrowth of this little shop jrected here a third of a century ago. The products of the factory were hauled by teams to the ;hen rapidly growing towns that had sprung up in Southern Wisconsin and Northern Illinois.

" About 1852, the saw-mill was rebuilt upon its present site, and the same year a flouringnill was erected by Mr. Powers. The flouring-mill was burned down in the spring of 1855, and -ebuilt the same season, by C R. Barnes, now of Kansas, who had a contract for the purchase )f the property. The shop grew to be a building over one hundred feet long, and two stories ligh, and was burned in 1866. The burning of the flouring-mill was the first fire of any amount )ccurring in town. It cost $10,000 to rebuild it, which so crippled Mr. Barnes financially that ;he property came back into the hands again of Mr. Powers. The loss by the burning of the shop was fully $10,000 more, which was not oidy a loss to Mr. Powers, but to the entire town, 'or it was the cause of removing an established industry, and took away from town thirty to fifty aboring men.

" Cyrus Cushman erected a saw-mill since known as Cushman's Mill, situated two and a half niles north of Hebron Village, in 1844, and afterward added a turning-shop for the manufacture )f bedsteads and such other articles as he could find a ready market for. It took two days to -aise this mill. Cushman had fifty men at the raising. A storm of sleet and rain came on, filing the mortices, :ind froze so hard, and it was nearly as much work to cut out the ice as it was ;o frame the building in the first place.

"Jesse Wright built the steam saw-mill known as Wright's Mill in 1852. Previous to the )uilding of the mill, he was engaged in the manufacture of flour-barrels on an extensive scale, carrying on other branches of coopering.

" In 1853. Thuvlow W. Brown, renowned as a temperance lecturer, and the editor of the Cayufia Chief, of Auburn, X. Y., together with Samuel T. Clothier, purchased a tract of land on the north side of the river, and opposite the village of Hebron, and laid out an addition to the village. In 1854, they built a steam saw-mill, which was torn down in 1868, and now forma a part of the warehouse of the Wisconsin Manufacturing Company, of Fort Atkinson.

" Previous to the year 1840, the Territory of Wisconsin was divided into three counties for judicial and other purposes, viz. : Brown, Crawford and Milwaukee. During the session of the Territorial Legislature of that year, new counties w^ere created, and, among them, the county of Jefferson, and subdivided into towns, the four government townsliips of the southeast corner taking the name of Bark River, which comprised and included what is now the towns of Cold Spring, Hebron, Sullivan, Palmyra, and all that part of Town 6, Range 15 east, which is now a part of tlie town of Jefferson.

first town meeting of the town of Bark Kiver was held April 5, 1842, at the house of Abram Brink, in what is now the village of Cold Spring, and from the minutes of that meeting we copy :

" Mectiiig ciUeil to order. .Vhram Brink was elecleil Cliairnian of the meeting, and D. Merrill electeil Clerk. The following named were elected by ballot to fill the various offices: Supervisors - D. Merrill (Chairman). V.. Dames and Cyrus Cushraan ; -Vbrarn iiriiik, Town Clerk ; 1). Merrill, Assessor; Ira Fisk, Trea-surer; Selli Siiialley, A. Balser and .Justus Carpenter, Commissioners of Schools ; .V. IJradley, KenslaerRing and K. \V. Crawe, Commissioners of Highways. Cyrus Cushman was elected Overseer of Highways for Towns 5 and (i, Range llj, now Palmyra and Sullivan; Harrison 1*. Willard, Seth Snialley and E. Uaws elected Fence Viewers. C'ompensalion voteil to ofiiccra for the ensuing year : School Commissioners, $2 a day; Commissioners of Highways, $1..'>0; Town Clerk, SI 50; Supervisors, $1 Number of voles polled, 32.

"The first election held was for Delegate to Congress, and held at the mill-house of the Bark River Mills, now Hebron, September 10, 1837. There were seven votes cast, Cyrus Cushman being selected as the messenger to carry the returns to Milwaukee. Mr. Cushman was paid $8 for this onerous task. Horace Churchill was one of the Inspectors of Election. James Duane Doty was ihe man voted for and elected.

" The ne.xt annual t)wn meeting of the town of Bark River was held at Abram Brink's, in April, 1843. Willard Grant, William Mulks and Justus Carpenter, were elected School Commissioners, and met April 17, and divided the town into nine school districts. They reported that there were seventy-eight children of school age in town, and §140 of public money to be apportioned.

" At an election held at the house of Abram Brink, in the town of Bark River, September 25, 1843, there were 20 votes cast for Delegate to Congress. Henry Dodge received lU, and George W. Hitchcock 1. George F. Markley received 19 for Register of Deeds; Enoch G. Darling, 16 for County Treasurer ; Russell M. Nevens, 16 for Coroner ; Chester May, Sr., 3 ; Milo Jones for County Surveyor, l'.'. The following named, long-since residents of Hebron, appear on the poll list, namely, D. F. Jones, Amos Gibbs, William Whopples, James R. Fuller and H. J. Munro.

-- A special election was held at the house of H. P. Willard for the election of a Justice of the Peace, and Albert Burnham was elected, being the first to hold that office within the present boundaries of the town of Hebron.

" At the annu;il town meeting held in the house of A. Brink, Cold Spring, in 1844, D. J. Powers, S. M. Jones and Ashel Boyington were elected Supervisors : N. S. Ilibbard, Allen Hays and Jonas Foils, Commissioners of Highways; Darius Reed, Justus Carpenter and P. H. Turner, Justices of the Peace ; Peter II. Turner, Assessor. Fifty-one votes polled.

"The Territorial Legislature of 1846, passed an act dividing the town of Bark River, as follows : Town 5 north, of Range 16 east, in Jefferson County, is hereby set off into a separate town by the name of Sullivan, and the next town meeting shall be held at John Nutters. Town 6, north of Range 1-5 east, in said county, is hereby set off into a separate town by the name of Tunbridge, and the next town meeting to be held at the house of Cyrus Cushman. Township 5, Range 16 east, is hereby set off into a separate town, by the name of Palmyra, and the election to be held at the schoolhouse in the village of Palmyra, and Town 5, Range 15, to be known as tlie town of Bark River, and the election to be held at the schoolhouse in the villacre of Cold Spring.

" At the town meeting held April 7. 1846, at Cold Spring (Brink's Mills), Jonas Folts, E. T. Williams and Samuel Wing, were elected Supervisors; Ebenezer Giles, Town Clerk; D. B. Peck, J. K. Pike and P. A. Fenner. Justices of the Peace; Nelson Freyer, Assessor; Noah Grover, Collector; Isaac Joslin, Noah Grover and Elijah Higgins, Constables. The sum of $150 was voted for incidental expenses, and there was also voted ' to E. Giles and J. H. Fuller, $6 for making a coffin for Mrs. Smith's mother.' During this year an election was held to ratify the Constitution and to vote for or against a State government ; 54 votes were polled ; 31 in favor of the Constitution and in favor of a State government, and 33 against. This year, a post office was established at Bark River Mills and D. P. Jones appointed Postmaster. The list of Postmasters of Bark River Mills is as follows : D. F. Jones, Seth Patee, George Trucks, S. T. Clothier, James M. Fitch, Mathew Washburn, E. S. Snow, S. W. Bailey, James M. Fitch, C. W. Biden. In 1868, the name of the office was changed from Bark River Mills to Hebron, and C. W. Biden appointed Postmaster. He was succeeded by C. W. Biirrington, and he by James B. Miner, he by Mrs. Justin Alvord, and she by Mrs. Amelia J. Norman, the present incumbent."

The Town Of Tunbridge

The town of Tunbridge was Township No. 6, Range 18 east of the Government Subdivision, and being the north half of the town of Hebron and the "' L " part of the town of Jefferson, and was organized pursuant to an act of the Legislature, and named by Cyrus Cushman after his native town in the State of Vermont. The first town meeting was held at his house April 7, 1846.

Samuel T. Clothier, Chairman, S. B. McCune and John Jackson, Supervisors ; Edward F. Hutchins, Town Clerk : Samuel T. Clothier, Justice of the Peace ; Rufus H. Parker, Daniel Marble and Spencer Thayer, Commissioners of Highways ; Samuel T. Clothier, Edward F. Hutchins and Willard Grant, Scliool Commissioners ; William Reynolds, Collector ; H. J. Munro, Treasurer ; Truman Martin, Sealer of Weights and Measures. Willard Grant was Moderator, and S. B. McCune, Clerk of the meeting.

Let The Eagle Scre.4M

There was a Fourth of July celebration held in the town that year, in the grove of David S. Wilcox, and a<ljoining the grounds of the Munro Schoolhouse. The late Gov. John E. Holmes delivered the oration ; one of the Elder Dyes was Chaplain ; Deacon James R. Dye and Elias Reynolds, fifers; Rev. Enoch P. Dye beat the snare drum, and Rev. Daniel Dye, the bass drum.

The dinner was served in the grove, and the meat cooked a la barbecue. An out-door oven did service in baking bread, cake and pies. Half of the township contributed milk for the making of a mammoth cheese. The dinner was free to all wlio chose to partake. The celebration -was in every respect a success, and enjoyed by the ''settlers" of adjoining towns.

This was the only festive occasion in the town of Tunbridge, for, the winter following, th( Territorial Legislature repealed the act organizing the town of Tunbridge, and, after an existence of one year, disappeared as a town in Jefferson County.

Town Of Hebron

In pursuance of an act of the Legislature of 1847, Hebron was organized, taking the south half of Township No. 6 north, of Range 15 east, and all north of Bark River and Scup' ernong Creek, of Township 5 north, of Range 15 east. The north half of Township No. ( (Tunbridge). was attached to Jefferson, and the name Tunbridge dropped. The town of Cold Spring, was to include all of Township 5, Range 1 5 east, south of Bark Biver, and the town name of Bark River dropped. The first town meeting was held April 7, 1847, and the followingnamed persons were elected to fill the respective offices :

Supervisors - Samuel T. Clothier, Chairman ; Enos J. Higbee and Seth Patee. Town Clerk, Seth Patee ; Treasurer, John Burnham ; Collector, Samuel M. Jones ; Commissioners of Schools - Samuel T. Clothier, Vinson Covley and Elias Reynolds. Commissioners ol Highways - Daniel Marble, Gideon Leavitt and Corydon Culver. Constables - Elijah Higgins and W. R. Case.

A resolution was passed fixing the salary of the officers elect at $1 a day ; it appropriated §25 for the support of the poor and $75 to inclose cemetery grounds. The first official act oi the Commissioners of Highways was to lay out a highway from what is now known as the Water Street road to intersect the highway running from the village of Hebron to Fort Atkinson, May 4, 1847. The Commissioners of Schools districted the town into districts for school purposes. There were eighty-seven children of school age ; $111.34 school money to apportion. The first highway laid out and established through the town of Hebron was in 1842. The Legislature of the Territory passed an act making Cyrus Curtis, James Y. Watson and William A. Barstow, Commissioners, and authorized them to lay out and establish a Territorial road, commencing at Prairie Village, in Milwaukee County, and running thence westerly on the soutli of the heavy timber-lands lying between Prairie Village and Rock River, by the nearest and best route, crossing the Scupernong Creek in Township 5, Range 10 east, and terminating at Fort Atkinson, in Jeflerson County. Hon. Milo Jones was the surveyor, and Cyrus Cushnian, one of the chain-men.

The village of Hebron was laid out by Joseph Powers, in 1847, John Fish, surveyor. Mr. Powers never recorded this plat, and, in 1856, he caused an additional survey to be made and additional ground platted by F. J. Starin, which was recorded.

The first schoolhouse in town was the log or block schoolhouse of District No. 2. and known as the Munro Schoolhouse for years. It was built in 184-3. The first school tauglit in town was by Miss Lucy Ann Wakely, afterward the wife of Col. L. A. Winchester, of Whitewater. Miss Wakely commenced her school in the chamber of the dwelling of William Reynolds, but on the completion of the schoolhouse, her class was transferred to it. Miss Wakely was taken sick before completing her terra and Willard Grant employed to finish it. The next schoolhouse was the log one built in the Burnham neighborhood (District No. 4) in 1846. Luther B. Green was employed as teacher. District No. 1 (the Whitney District) completed a schoolhouse during the year 1846, E. H. Hubbard being employed a-s teacher. The village schoolhouse was built in 1850. The Wright (or District No. 6) Schoolhouse was built in 1856. Cushman's (No. 5) in 1854. The schoolhouses built in 1843 and 1846, have given way to fine brick structures that will compare favorably with a like number in any rural town in the State.

Hebron And The War

The town of Hebren raised its quota of men under each call of the President of the United 3tates for volunteers. At a special town meeting, held September 12, 1862, the following res- )lutions were adopted :

Resolved, That there be raised, on the taxable pvoperty of the town, $200, to be expended as provided in Sec. ! of Chap. 2 of an act entitled "An act to provide assistance for volunteers."

Previous to this, the citizens of the town contributed liberally, both in money and provisons, to such of the families as stood in need of aid. On March 2, 1862, the Town Board -eported that they had expended of the " family relief fund," in relieving the wants of the famlies of volunteers, the sum of $98.77. March 3, 1863, the Town Board reported, as being ine.xpended, the sum of $37.77. Without going into details, it is sufficient to say the vouchers md evidences are among the archives of the town ; that the town paid in bounties, by tax and lubscription, and in aid to families of and for volunteers, the sum of $22,000, and this by a )opulation only a little in excess of one thousand. Of the number that went into the service it the call of their country, was Bailey Hutchins and Norman Morton ; both died in the Anderonville prison-pen. Thomas Duffy was shot and killed at the assault on Port Hudson. James kl. Burnham and Renselaer Burnham were both prisoners of war, but strong constitutions mabled them to survive the horrors and privations of prison life in "Dixie." Ansel Strong ras for a considerable space of time in Libby Prison. Of those who served in the army during he rebellion and are residents of the town, we recall the names of John Garlock, A. F. Winlau and H. C.Westphall, of the Fourth Wisconsin Cavalry Regiment; Jedediah Carnes, James \i. Burnham, Ansel Strong, Walter P. Hall, Martin Van Duser, Charles C. Brown, George S. ^ase, George Coppins, De Witt Wilcox, Charles F. Klityke, W. G. Palmer and Henry Carnan were members of different infantry organizations. W^. F. Reynolds, First Cavalry ; Alfred Uooley, M. H. Blakely, Robert Krause, William E. Evans and John Van Lone were members if the heavy artillery, stationed at Washington. Americus W. Jones and William Hall lelonged to and served in a battery; James Fryer ^\as also a member of a battery ; Walter B. 'rimer served in an Illinois regiment ; Benjamin P. Tubbs was also in an Illinois regiment. Phere are three persons in receipt of pensions, namely : Ansel Strong, for a gunshot wound ; 'Valter B. Primer, the same, and Henry C. Westphall, general disability. Mrs. Philena Huner receives a pension on account of the death of her son, William Hunter, a member of the rwenty-eighth Regiment, who died of disease while in the service. The town purchased a plat if ground for a cemetery, which was duly laid out into lots in 1868, and four lots in the center eserved for a soldiers' monument, which the people of the town intended to erect ; but it is now . little doubtful about its ever being completed, at least for a number of years to come.

Churches And Societies

The Rev. Mr. Frink, of tlie Methodist Episcopal Church, organized the first Church socity in 1889. The church edifice was commenced while the Rev. Hilton was in cliarge of the ociety, in 1854, and completed and dedicated a year or two later. The .society and Church lave had for Pastors, Revs. Mills, Ilazeltine, Hilton, Hollock, Rowe, Ross, Moffet. Chamberain, Frink, Lyman, Parsons (three years). Potter, Wanless, Chapin, Cooley, Cole, Fisher (two 'ears). Porter, Bristol, Garvin and l)ale.

T/ie First Baptist Church. - Rev. William Dye moved to Hebron in November, 1857, and ommenced preaching, but, previous to his coming, a few Baptist believers had been duly organze<l and recognized as a branch of the Whitewater Baptist Church, with the privilege of holdng covenant meetings. The preaching of Elder Dye was attended with success, a great revival leing the result. April 29, 1858, at an adjourned meeting of the Baptist Churches of White- water, Palmyra, Edgerton ami Aztalan, the First Baptist Church of Hebron was established am recognized as an independent body. It adopted twenty articles of faith and had forty-sevei members, the Rev. William Dye, Pastor, the number of members ultimately reaching fifty-six Preaching was kept up till 1862. Mr. Dye was a man of good native talents, and well calcu lated for the pioneer work he found ready for his hands among the hard}' settlers of "' Barl Woods." He died at the Insane Hospital, at Madison, in 1863. The Church, since his death has been without preaching, other organizations absorbing its members.

Rev. E. P. Dye settled in the town in 1845, and with his calling - that of a preacher c the Gospel - he engaged in farming. He was a resident of the town about twenty years, bu during the time he received a call from a Church in New York, whither he went and stayed abou three years.

Of the young men who have resided in the town and have become ministers, the Rev. E. L Eaton, of the M. E. Church, is one of the most successful young ministers in the Wisconsi Conference, and is at Beloit for the third year. Austin and D. J. Whitney, sons of Davi Whitney, belong to the United Brethren, and are quite successful in their calling.

Resolute Lodge, No. 191, I. 0. G. T.. was instituted July 9, 1864. It prospered finel for a time. It had upward of two hundred members, and owned its own hall and a library c standard works, which cost over ^200, but finally ceased to exist in 1874.

The Gentennial Lodge, No. 23S, was organized in May, 1876, and now (November, 187^ is stronger than ever before. Its work is mostly among the young, while efforts are put forth t save the downfallen among those of mature age.

The Hebron Lodge, I. 0. 0. F., was organized November 24, 1876, by Grand Worth Master J. W. Ostrander. The cliarter members were Lorenzo Dow Abbey, Robert Krause Daniel P. Elmendorf, Milton Henry Blakely, George W. Case and Myron Ilollis. The follow have been Noble Grands : L. D. Abbey, William Henry Miner, James B. Miner, Charles C Brown, Barber W. Miner, Silas G. Westphall and J. Osborn Stevens. The total membership i fifty-two. Twelve have withdra\tn and organized a Lodge at the village of Rome.

An Anti-Tiiief Society was organized October 26, 186-3, and, at one time, had upward c seventy-five member.'!. The first President was John Burnham ; Vice President, D. D. Burring ton ; Treasurer, Joseph Powers ; Secretary, John G. Kidlcy. At the present time, it has §-3 in the treasury. H. J. Munro is Treasurer.

The Jefferson County Agricultural Society. - Tlie Jefferson County Agricultural Societ was organized in Hebron, in 18.52. The first officers of the Society were elected here and thei names will be found in the Society's history, in another part of this work.

The Hebron Mutual and Farmers' Life Insurance Company, was organized during th year 1875, Jonas Folts, President, and L. B. Green, Secretary. Mr. Green has been the Sec rctary since the organization of the Company. The Company has upon its books about 3120 000. Its first loss occurred in October, 1879, and necessitated an assessment of 4 mills on th valuation of the property insured.

The first physician who settled in the town was Joel Higgins, in 1847. The next was Di W. H. H. Drake, in 1848. Dr. D. D. Burrington settled here in 1853, and lived here until hi decease, in 1872. Dr. S. G. Picket came in 1868. and still resides here. Dr. J. Sanborne sel tied here in 1874, and remained one year. Dr. D. W. Case came in the spring of 1871 and remained till the spring of 1878 ; and Dr. J. Mahan came in May, 1879, and is still resident.

The first bridge built across Bark River was at Prince's Point, and the work was done and the material furnished voluntarily by the inhabitants, without taxing the town, and the sixty rods of corduroy across the marsh to get to the bridge was built in the same way.

The next bridge across the river was three-fourths of a mile below the village, and w'as built without tax. The people, after getting the frame up, were too poor to buy plank, got out poles and spotted them down, which answered the purpose of a plank covering for six #r eight years. In 1877, the town built an iron bridge across the river< on the site of the pole bridge, It a cost of §1,200. After the mail route was established, the people took hold and put up a bridge across the river just below where the dam now is, and it is needless to add that it was lone by voluntary labor.

W. 11. Case hauled the first load of maple-wood to Whitewater from the town. Hon. S. ft'^akely was- the purchaser, giving a pair of stoga boots for two cords of maple-wood. Case jroke down two wagons in hauling it.