Rock County, Wisconsin - Chapter with an unread heading (no. 3 of those read), 1908 (part 8 of 11)

The diversification of student life, already begun, is carried further with the increase of attendance. Class-day becomes an established institution from 1886. The Glee Club makes its first concert tour in 1889. A new series of oratorical victories encourages the wearers of the gold. The Greek play attains the dignity of an annual public performance. A "College Annual" appears again in 1889, after the battles over the "Register" have been forgotten. The fraternity houses add their charms to the social life of the students. A regular instructor in athletics is added to the faculty in 1894 by the efforts of the students, and a place on the team now means not a little desultory practice, but persistent hard work. Yet amid all these distractions, the worth of honest manhood never found readier recognition, the proportion of students dependent on their own exertions was never greater.

Numbers have increased, courses have been multiplied, facilities have been amplified. Has the growth in knowledge been at the cost of faith ? Time alone can tell. AVe rejoice to believe that the college is not to erase but to magnify the larger half of her motto.

The experiences of each succeeding epoch have demonstrated the value of the ideals of the founders, the strength of the foundations that they laid. The prophetic words with which Dr. Chapin closed his account of the "Origin and Early Progress of the College," delivered fifty years ago at the laying of the cornerstone of Middle College, hold good for us today: "With faith inspired by past experience, in connection with the firm promises of God, we address ourselves to the difficulties before us, with confident hope that He who has thus led us by ways that we knew not, will perfect the work that he has permitted us to begin and make it redound to his glory and the good of men."

The decade that has elapsed since the semi-centennial of Beloit College was celebrated has seen the continuation of the era of expansion that was then well begun. In external equipment, in additions to the teaching force, in enrichment of the courses of study, in the achievements of graduates and undergraduates, the life of the college has moved steadily forward.

Three well-planned buildings have been erected since 1897. The women's dormitory, Emerson Hall, the gift of Dr. D. K. Pearsons, was completed in 1898. The neAv gymnasium for men, long needed and desired by those who sought the physical well-being of the students, was opened in 1904, and in January of the following year the Carnegie Library building was dedicated. The attendance of students in the four college classes increased from 196 in 1897 to 341 in 1908, and the number of graduates has risen in the same ten years from 539 to 958. The faculty, likewise, has been enlarged, so that there are now thirty-six instructors in all departments instead of the twenty-two who were on the ground in 1897.

To maintain this enlarging life, added endowments have been needed. In 1898 one hundred and fifty thousand dollars was raised for this purpose, one-third being given by Dr. D. K. Pearsons, and the same benefactor in 1901 gave two hundred thousand to match one hundred and fifty thousand dollars which had been contributed by others to meet his challenge. Other additions have been made by generous friends, so that the productive funds, which were four hundred thousand dollars in 1897, have already been more than doubled. The summer of 1908 witnesses the addition of two hundred thousand more dollars, one-fourth coming from the general education board, one-fourth from Mr. Carnegie, and the remainder, general contributions, ten thousand dollars being from Beloit citizens.

Time has wrought changes in the personnel of the faculty. The venerable Professor Emerson passed away in 1900, and in the year following occurred the death of Professor Charles A. Bacon, who had for so many years carried on a heroic struggle with disease. Professor Whitney, after twenty-eight years of service, resigned in 1899. Professor Porter and Professor Pearson retired from active service in 1906, under the provisions of the Carnegie fund. The presidency of the college was laid aside by Dr. Eaton in 1905, but was resumed by him two years later on call of the trustees, and his second inauguration took place March 4, 1908. In the membership of the board of trustees changes have also taken place, and veterans like Dr. Joseph Collie, of the first class graduated, and Mr. S. T. Merrill, whose services to the college began with giving instruction to the first freshman class, have passed away.

In the formal work of instruction there has been a marked widening of the scope of the curriculum. New departments have been created by the separation of French from German, history from economics, zoology from botany, physics from mathematics, biblical literature and pedagogy have each been given to the care of one man, and additional instructors have been provided in several departments. Courses such as those in applied mechanics, sanitary chemistry and journalistic writing show a tendency to shape advanced work toward practical ends. Courses extending over three and four years of consecutive work are offered in almost every department, while the requirements for graduation demand of each student a grouping of studies which is designed to counterbalance the aberrations of the elective system.

In the voluntary activities of student life a similar diversification has accompanied the increase in numbers. Undergraduate organizations have multiplied. The new gymnasium furnishes an attractive center for social gatherings. Track athletics and basket-ball have established themselves alongside of the work of the nine and the eleven. Oratory and debating have taken on a new lease of life. Five times within the last ten years has Beloit won first place in the interstate oratorical contest, and she has more than held her own in the intercollegiate debates that have become an established institution. The Greek play has lost none of its popularity, but it no longer holds the dramatic field alone, for the students have given renderings of the works of Shakespeare and Plautus and modern French and German plays. The Musical Association has achieved brilliant success in its semiannual concerts. In the honor system, applied to examinations, library property and good order in the dormitories, some of the responsibilities of self-government have been assumed by the students.

That this diversification of student life has not driven out adherence to the long established standards of scholarship and character appears in the record of recent graduates who in the first years of a professional career, or in business, are proving themselves men of the same type as the older alumni, who have everywhere compelled respect for their alma mater.

In recent years new demands have been made upon all educational institutions by the ever-increasing additions to the field of knowledge, by the lengthening of professional preparation, by the call for "practical" studies, and for training that shall help men in the adjustment of social relationships. Beloit has not been indifferent to these demands, but she is seeking to meet them not only \vithout giving up her ideals of symmetrical liberal culture and Christian faith, but also by bringing these ideals to bear as direct aids in the solution of the problems of the present day.

Aaron Lucius Chapin, first president of Beloit College, 1850- 1886, was born in Hartford, Conn., February 6, 1817. He was educated at the Hartford grammar school and in Yale College, from which he graduated in 1837. Teaching one year in Baltimore, Md., and from 1838 to 1843 as a professor in the New York Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, he at the same time studied theology and received his diploma at Union Theological Seminary, New York, in 1842. Under appointment from the American Home Missionary Societj^ in 1844 he became pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Milwaukee, Wis., serving them most acceptably for six years.

In February, 1850, Dr. Chapin was called to the presidency of Beloit College, was inaugurated July 24, and served until the commencement of 1886, when he resigned on account of failing health. He continued in connection, however, as president emeritus, until his death at Beloit, July 22, 1892.

August 23, 1843, occurred his marriage to Miss Martha Colton, of Lenox, Mass. After her death he married Miss Fannie L. Coit, of New London, Conn., August 26, 1861. His daughter Elizabeth became the wife of Rev. Dr. Henry D. Porter, M. D., a missionary in China. His son, Robert C, is now a professor in Beloit College.

Milton College

A select school, called Milton Academy, was started in the village of Milton in December, 1844, and in February, 1848, became incorporated as the Du Lac Academy. In 1855 this was reorganized under a state charter as Milton Academy, and it so continued for twelve years. In February, 1867, an act of incorporation was passed, and on March 13 the charter was accepted, which made this school Milton College.

To the Hon. Joseph Goodrich belongs the honor of establishing the first school which later developed into Milton College. It was he who in 1838 selected the site for the village of Milton and built the first house. It was he who planned and had erected the edifice first used for the academy, and paid the cost of construction, about three hundred dollars. For the first three years he had the sole management of the school, paid all the losses for the teacher's salary and the incidental expenses, and for many years after the incorporation under territory and state law was a loyal friend and a generous supporter of the institution. One of the buildings, the ladies' hall, bears his name, the building of which was in large measure due to his energy and beneficence.

The building occupied by the school during the first ten years of its existence was located near the northwest corner of the public park. It was in size twenty by thirty feet and one story high; a small "lean-to" was attached to the rear end; a cupola, with four spires and a bell mounted in it, graced the front peak of the gambrel roof; and a huge sign, painted "Milton Academy," stretched the full extent of the building over the front entrance.

There was at this time no institution of learning with the rank of a college in "Wisconsin. Four feeble academies had been started in the southern portion - Southport Academy, now extinct, at Kenosha; Prairieville Academy, at "Waukesha, afterwards merged into Carroll College ; Beloit Seminary, later absorbed into Beloit College ; and Plattville Academy, changed in the early 70s into a state normal school. There were no graded schools. Meager instruction in the elementary branches was imparted in a very few common schools, held usually three months during the year and in small private houses.

The institution was originated with no other purpose than to accommodate the young people of the immediate vicinity. There was no expectation that it would ever become a first class acad-

David Ii. Pollock

The teachers in order of succession were Rev. Bethuel C. Church, from Michigan, one year. Rev. S. S. Bicknell, Congregationalist, graduate of Dartmouth, served two and a half years. Of the Dn Lac Academy the successive principals were : Mr. Prindle, Professor J. Allen. Rev. A. W. Coon, 1849-1851 ; Colonel George R. Clarke, 1851, and Rev. A. C. Spicer and Mrs. Susanna M. Spicer, 1851-1858. During a part of 1853, the building being untenable, classes met in a private house, and for a part of the year the school was closed. The new brick building, forty by forty-four feet and three stories high, completed in 1855 at a cost of over five thousand dollars, was declared second to none in the state. It was paid for mainly by the stockholders of the then reorganized iMilton Academy. The attendance in 1856 reached 212, with its first three graduates in the teachers' course, Susan E. Burdick, Chloe Curtis and Ruth A. Graham.

After several efforts were made to secure a successor to Professor Spicer as principal of the school, the trustees prevailed upon the Rev. W. C. Whitford, then the pastor of the Milton Seventh Day Baptist Church, to assume the charge during the following fall term of 1858, and he consented to remain in the same position the balance of the year. He then resigned the pastoral charge of the church and became permanently connected with the school as the principal. He had fitted himself for college at De Ruyter Institute ; graduated at Union College in 1853, and completed the full course of studies at Union Theological Seminary, New York city, in 1856. From that time on till his death on May 20, 1902, a period of forty-four years, he was the president of the academy and of the college, and the history of the school for this almost a half century is in reality a part of his biography ; a part, because his life was even more extended than that of the school, for he was one year a member of the Wisconsin legislature, for four years the superintendent of public instruction, and for nine years a member of the state board of regents of the normal schools. Then, he was often invited to deliver lectures and addresses wholly outside of the work of the school. He wrote many articles for newspapers and magazines, and was an influen- tial force in all the departments of the Seventh Day Baptist denomination. During the first year in which he had charge of the school he had associated with him Professor Albert Whitford, Mrs. Chloe C. Whitford, Mr. S. S. Rockwood, Mrs. Flora H. Rockwood and Mr. W. H. Clarke, a music teacher.

During the following eight years, until 1867, when the academy became a college, the names of twenty-four different instructors appear on the academy faculty list.

The first college faculty, that of 1867, was : William C. Whitford, president (mental, moral and natural sciences) ; Edward Searing (Latin and French), Albert Whitford (Greek and mixed mathematics), Nathan C. Twining (pure mathematics and commercial instruction), Mrs. A. M. Fenner (English language and literature), Miss Mary F. Bailey (German), Mrs. Emma J. Utter (music), Forrest M. Babcock (penmanship), Mrs. Ruth H. Whitford (painting and penciling).

The present faculty (1906-1907), besides Professor Albert Whitford, who has been in almost constant service since 1872, consists of Jairus M. Stillman, who has been professor of music, with two or three vacations, since 1871 ; Walter D. Thomas, professor of Greek since 1884; Edwin Shaw, professor of Latin and of chemistry since 1890; Ludwig Kumlien, professor of natural history since 1891 ; Rev. Lewis A. Platts, professor of Bible study in English since 1898 ; Mrs. Emily A. Platts, instructor in French since 1898 ; Mrs. Anna S. Crandall, instructor in German since 1900; Alfred E. Whitford, professor of physics smce 1900; Miss Susie B. Davis, instructor in English and Latin since the autumn of 1902, and Rev. W^illiam C. Deland, president, and professor of philosophy, English, history and civics, since June, 1902.

The principal changes and additions to the above, for the faculty record of 1907, are the new president, William Clifton Daland, M. A., D. D. (history, philosophy, English and civics), Albert Rogers Crandall, M. A., Ph. D. (natural history and physiology). Miss A. Crandall (piano), Miss Ellen Crandall (violin). Miss Agnes Babcock (elocution), Ray Willis Clark, B. S., LL. B., assistant (political science, history, jurisprudence), also instructors in physical culture and military drill.

In the autumn of 1844 the property of the school was worth about $'400. In 1867, the year in which the academy was changed to the college, the total valuation of all the property was reported as $29,675, with a debt of $3,500. In 1876 the value had increased to $46,125. In 1881 the reported assets were $35,327, with a debt of $3,250. In 1893 the property was valued at $71,243.34, with several thousand dollars indebtedness. In 1901, the first year of the twentieth century, the valuation of the college property was reported as follows, with no indebtedness :

Of the endowment fund, George H. Babcock, of Plainfield, N. J., a noble benefactor, contributed during his life and by his will $70,000. In 1906 the endowment fund was reported as amounting to $116,601.

"At every call for volunteers during the Civil War students were mustered into the service. These were drilled in the manual of arms in the chapel and on the grounds of the institution. Of the graduates and other students, 312 entered the army, and 43 fell by the bullet or by disease. The school raised, officered and sent into the service two companies, and parts of three other companies, all belonging to Wisconsin regiments. Sixty-nine of these were commissioned for positions ranging from second lieutenant to brigadier-general."

Tlie number of graduates, both ladies and gentlemen, is 306, which includes the seventy-three who completed courses in the old academy prior to 1867.

There are three literary societies connected with the college which hold sessions weekly and public sessions once or twice during the year. The Iduna Lyceum, for ladies, organized in 1854 as the Ladies' Literary Society, reorganized in 1869 with the present name ; the Philomathean Society, for men, organized some time prior to 1858 as the Adelphic, reorganized in 1861 with the present name ; and the Orophilan. also for men, organized some time prior to 1858. The Christian Association dates its beginning in the spring of 1855. The most noticeable addition to the college buildings was the erection of the Whitford Hall of Science in 1906. History of Whitford Memorial Hall (Finished October, 1906).

Milton College, like others of an early day, at first offered to students courses of study principally in the pure mathematics and the literature of Latin, Greek, German, French and English languages, together with a short course in philosophy and a quite elementary course in the so-called natural sciences. Our limited room as well as limited means forbade us to indulge our ambition of affording better facilities for laboratory practice in such sciences. We have for years realized our needs 'in these respects. At the beginning of this century, through the generosity of its friends, the college was not only free from debt, but also in the expectation that its income for the present would prove sufficient to pay the modest salaries of its dozen teachers and to meet its other ordinary expenses. At this time our late president. W. C. Whitford, determined to begin the collection of a fund for the erection of a building to be known as Science Hall. At the annual meeting of the board of trustees of the college held in July, 1901, he urged the importance of entering immediately upon this work. He concluded his annual report in these words : ' ' While the college is free from debt, it is greatly in need of funds for the construction of a new building for library and laboratory purposes. A large and imposing structure is not required. A few thousand dollars wisely and judiciously expended would give to the college a building which, with the comparatively small attendance of students, would answer our every need just as well as the palatial structures of the so-called universities." He obtained the permission of the board to canvass for such funds, and in the intervals of his duties as a teacher collected a small sum of money while endeavoring to enlist the interest of some benevolent donor of large means in favor of his enterprise. His sudden death, ]\Iay 20, 1902, closed these labors.

The alumni exercises held at the commencement on June 25 following were devoted to a service in his memor3^ They consisted of addresses from Professor Edwin Shaw, class of '88; Rev. J. AY. McGowan, class of '83; Professor S. S. Rockwood, academy class of "61, and Rev. 0. U. Whitford, academy class of '61. The theine of the last speaker was "How may we best honor the memory of President Whitford?" He proposed the erection on the ground where the commencement tent then stood a science hall to be called the Whitford Memorial Hall, to ever keep bright, as he said, "the memory of a man who was manly, a gentleman of noble Christian character, a kind neighbor, a sympathizing friend, a lover of young people, a man w'ho, honored in public life, was ever loyal to principle, incorruptible in purpose, and one who brought honor to every public position he occupied. He urged that such a building was the greatest need of the college and that in building it the last desire and purpose of the deceased president would be fulfilled.

The proposition was approved by the alumni, who appointed a committee, which reported through Mr. W. H. Ingham, its chairman, to the board of trustees of the college a plan to raise by subscription twenty thousand dollars for the erection and equipment of the new hall. The plan was indorsed by the board and a committee was appointed to canvass for necessary funds. Later Mr. Ingham was appointed financial agent for the procuring and the collection of such funds, and Dr. C. Eugene Crandall was appointed treasurer. After a sufficient sum of money had been secured to warrant the erection of a building, a committee consisting of Mr. F. C. Dunn, President W. C. Daland and Professor A. R. Crandall formulated its general plan. It was to be built of brick both as to its inside and outside walls, and two and onehalf stories high, on a basement wall of stone, forty-two by ninety feet, outside measurement, divided at its middle into two parts by a hall crossing it, containing a staircase reaching to the third story. The north half of the first story was designed for the library, the south half for the department of physics; the south half of the second story for the department of chemistry, and the north half for the department of biology; while the third storywas to be given for the use of the Orophilian and Philomathean Lyceum. The building was to have a tile-covered roof and a steam heating plant in the south half of the basement, that would warm both the college hall and the new hall. This plan was approved by the board, and Mr. C. C. Chipman, an architect of New York and a friend of the college, was selected to perfect it in all its details. This service he rendered gratuitously, with great credit to his skill. A building committee was appointed by the board at its bi-monthly meeting in ]\Larch, 1904, consisting of President W. C. Daland, Dr. A. S. Maxson, Mr. F. C. Dunn, Mr. T. A. Saunders and Dr. C. Eugene Crandall. Under their direction the basement wall was finished in time to lay the cornerstone at the commencement of the college in June, 1904. The contract for covering the roof was let to the Celadon Roofing Tile Company; the contract for completing the building according to the specifications in Mr. Chipman 's plans, to Blair & Summers, of Janesville, and the contract for setting up the steam plant, to E. S. Babcoek & Son. of Milton. The cost, all told, for building and equipment of the new hall, including the heating plant and the canvass for the funds, falls a little below thirty thousand dollars. The largest share of this sum came through the valuable services of its financial agent, Mr. Ingham. It was through his solicitations that the widow of George H. Babcoek gave five thousand dollars for the equipment of the new building. Special thanks are also due to Dr. James Mills, of Janesville, through whose influence a gift of sixty-five hundred dollars from Mr. Carnegie came in good time to complete the sum that, with the other subscription collected or considered collectible, was considered sufficient to meet all outstanding dues.

The new haU was delivered to the board of trustees by the contractors in October, 1906, and the school has since had the use of its excellent advantages.

Rock county's war record is one to which her people may ever refer with pride and satisfaction. One of the first counties in the state to respond with volunteers in the hour of gravest peril, she never faltered during the entire struggle ; her old men were not wanting in counsel, nor her young or middle-aged men in true martial spirit ; with a firm, unswerving faith in the righteousness of the Union cause, her citizens, without distinction in age or sex, were imbued with a determination to conquer, or die rather than survive defeat. It was this kind of martial spirit that bore the Union cause through defeat as well as victory, whenever the oft-repeated news was brought home of depleted and scattered ranks. Rock county valor is attested upon every street of her hospitable cities and villages, upon her broad section of fertile lands, and, last but not least, within the silent enclosures of her dead. It is here that, with each recurring anniversary, the graves of her slumbering heroes are moistened with tears of sorrow, as loving fingers bedeck them with beautiful flowers.

When the first alarm of the coming war was sounded, and President Lincoln called for 75,000 men to defend the cause of the Union, Rock county responded first with the "Beloit City Guards," and thereafter, until the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia, made by Lee to Grant, on the ' ' old stage road to Richmond," on the afternoon of April 9, 1865, Rock county was ever ready to manifest her patriotism and love of country. The draft was enforced three times during the war, November 12, 1863; September 19, 1864, and February 19, 1865, and filled with recruits; yet the county furnished 2,817 soldiers and upward of a half-million dollars to beat back the foe. Of this number, 1,493, by actual count, were enlisted prior to November 11, 1861.

official authorities. The editor, himself a G. A. R. man, has spared no pains to have it both correct and complete. The citizens of Eock county require but little help to remind them of their soldiers' deeds, or to recall the names of those who fought the good fight unto the end. Many of the "boys" who went out from home to battle for the Union, with only the benediction of a mother's tears and prayers, came back to that mother's arms shrined in glory. Many returned, having left a limb either in the swamps of the Chickahominy or on the banks of Eapidan or at Fredericksburg, Gettysburg or in the wilderness. Many still bear the marks of that strife which raged at Stone river, luka, Chickamauga, or on the heights of Lookout mountain, whence they thundered down the defiance of the skies; of that stern strife of battle, which marked the contests before Atlanta, Savannah, and in the Carolinas.

But there were many who came not back. They fell by the wayside or, from the prison and battlefield, crossed over and mingled with the ranks of that Grand Army beyond the river. Their memory, too, is held in sacred keeping.

Some rest beside their ancestors in the village churchyard, where the violets on their mounds speak remembrance of the devotion of those who sleep below ; their memory is immortal ; some sleep in unknown graves in the land of cotton and cane; trees which shade the sepulchers of their foemen shade their tombs also ; the same birds carol their matins to both ; the same flowers sweeten the air above them, and the same daisies, as the breezes toss them into rippling eddies, caress the graves of both. Neither is forgotten. Both are remembered as they slumber there, in peaceful, glorified rest.

"On fame's eternal camping ground their shadowy tents are spread, And glory guards with solemn round the bivouac of the dead." On April 17, 1861, the proclamation of Governor Randall was published, calling upon "all good citizens to join in making cause against a common enemy," and inviting the patriotic citizens of Wisconsin to enroll themselves into companies ready to be mustered into service immediately. The promulgation of this address was followed by meetings held at eligible points throughout the country. On the evening of April 20, the largest meeting ever convened in Janesville was held in the Hyatt house hall. It was composed of men of all degrees and every shade of political belief. Party appeared to have been for the time forgotten, Democrats and Republicans alike seeming to be impressed with but one purpose, devotion to the maintainance of the Union and the enforcement of the laws ; W, H. Ebbets presided, and, in a brief address set forth the cause which necessitated the assemblage. He was followed by the Hon. Andrew Palmer, C. G. Williams, W. H. Mitchel, Governor Barstow, Isaac Woodle, H. N. Comstock and others. J. B. Cassody, M. C. Smith and I. C. Sloan, were appointed a committee to draft an address, inviting the people of Rock county to cooperate with the citizens of Janesville in aiding the subscription of money and the enlistment of volunteers to put down the rebels who were then marching on Washington. A series of resolutions introduced by the lions. Andrew Palmer and Isaac Woodle, expressing the people's determination to rally at once, without distinction of party, to the defence of the country; to cheerfully respond to the call of the president for troops to aid in the enforcement of the laws, and to contribute to the support of the families of those who shall enlist and enter upon active service, where their pecuniary condition may require it, were unanimously adopted. The most intense and enthusiastic patriotism was manifested, and before the assembly dispersed, the following subscriptions, aggregating $3,730, were pledged: E. McKay, $200; H. Richardson, C. Conrad, Andrew Palmer, Noah Newell, John Mitchell, J. C. Jenkins, J.

Joseph James, H. E. Peterson, Colwell & Co., Theodore Kendall, D. W. Inman and J. M. Sleeper, $25 each ; D. S. Treat, $20 ; John Mohr, A. Wilson, J. M. Riker, W. Winkly, N. Swager, N. L. Graves, Charles Seaton, A. D. Stoddard, G. AY. Kimball, L. H. Black, Henry Chapin, Royall AVood, 0. B. Hartley, James Madden and F. Barrere, $10 each; Henry Powell, $15; H. Gottman, Lesley Hyde, A. Nellis and 0. W. Monsell, $5 each. J. B. Doe was appointed treasurer, in addition to the following relief committee and ladies' committee to furnish tlags for enlisted companies: T. Jackman, G. R. Curtis, H. AY. Collins, Piatt Eycleshimer and Samuel Belton; ladies' committee, Mesdames J. T. AA^right, R. B. Treat, Henry Palmer, Z. S. Doty and Peter Meyers.

Large Union meetings were also held at Beloit, at Evansville, Footville, Clinton, Afton, Shopiere (at which $4,640 was subscribed). Magnolia, Johnstown and elsewhere, at all of which the greatest enthusiasm and generous liberality were displayed. On April 25, a county meeting was held in Janesville, to take into consideration the condition of the country and adopt such measures as the exigencies of the time demanded.

The city was generally decorated in honor of the event, the stores and public offices were closed, and the proceedings were of a character well calculated to excite patriotic emotions.

The meeting was organized by the appointment of B. E. Hale, of Beloit, chairman ; Andrew Palmer, Isaac Aliles, Dr. John Mitchell, Z. P. Burdick, J. P. A\'heeler and D. Y. Kilgore, vicepresidents, and AV. H. Ebbetts, Hiram Bowen and E. P. Brooks, secretaries. Speeches were made by Prof. D. Y. Kilgore, of Evansville seminary; AV. H. Ebbetts, Judge Armstrong, Mr. Mc- Adams, of Milton; J. P. AVheeler and the Rev. I. Codding, and Messrs. Graham, Lawrence, Gibbs, Martin, Calkins, Tilton, May, A\^illiams and others, at an impromptu meeting held on a public square. At this meeting, "The Rock County Union and Relief Society" was organized, and the following officers elected: J. D. Rexford, treasurer; AVilliam Merrill, secretary, and J. G. Kendall, AV. H. Tripp, J. E. Culver, A. Palmer, George Sherman and A. AY. Pope, committee.

The objects of the society were to enroll, organize into companies and drill such men as were willing to enter into active service as volunteers; "to raise funds for the support and relief of such volunteers and their families, and to defray such other expenses as may be proper in carrying out these objects." The labors imposed were onerous, but until the close of the war this society was untiring in its efforts to promote the cause of the Union and the welfare of the soldier.

In the three months' service, Pliny Norcross, a student at Milton at the date of the call, enlisted in the Governor's Guards, and is believed to be the only recruit from Rock county who served in the three months' campaigns around Washington, terminating with the battle of Bull Run, besides the "Beloit City Guards," which were enlisted at Beloit and mustered into the First Regiment. Pliny Norcross subsequently became captain of Company K, Thirteenth regiment, and served to the close of the war.

Company F, First Regiment Wisconsin Volunteers, three months' men, was known as "Beloit City Guards." Captain, William M. Clark ; first lieutenant, Thomas P. Northrop ; second lieutenant, Noble AV. Smith ; first sergeant, John F. Vallee ; second sergeant, Frederick W. Goddard; third sergeant, Alexander Anderson; fourth .sergeant, David M. Bennett; corporals, Henry H. Stafford, Phillip E. Fisher, Benjamin Vaughn, Charles A. Rathbun, Norwich ; fifer, Volney P. Van Buren ; drummer, Alexander Lee.

Privates from Rock county : Myron H. Adams, John A. Avery, George Beeker, Daniel AV. Berry, Daniel Bratt, Harmon H. Barmoore, Charles F. Bemis, Charles A. Colby, Hartly H. Colby, Alexander Clark, Horace R. Colby, Charles H. Christ, Deloss H. Cady, Howard Converse, John Campbell, John S. Chandler, John N. Clifford, Philander B. Daggett, Bradford B. Daggett, James H. Funnell, Charles R. Goodrich, Elisha W. Goddard, Horace W. Hackett, Sophronus S. Herrick, James Hislop, Henry Harbon, James H. Ingersoll, Benjamin Kline, Martin McDevitt, Sanford L. Miller, William H. Norton, John A. Pease, John W. Parker, William H. Parker, James W. Quinn, Leonard M. Rose, Hiram A. Reaves, James H. Ranous, Alexander Lee, musician ; Henry H. Stafford, Elisha W. Sherman, Albert S. Steele, Jared J. Towers, Edward D. Webb, Mark Young, Daniel Young, Warren Young, Klem Barnes. The company, after participating in the fight at Falling Waters, on July 2, 1861, were mustered out with the regiment on August 21 of the same year.

Rock county. The company was enlisted under the call for three months, but when mustered into service on June 11, 1861, was credited to the quota for three years. It left Janesville on May 6 for Madison, where it was quartered in Camp Randall. After remaining in camp engaged in drilling and equipping for the field until June 20 the regiment departed for Washington, its officers and privates regarding the change of base in the light of a pleasure trip, confident that their services would not be required beyond a year. After a brief sojourn in the capital the regiment crossed the Potomac and camped on Arlington Heights, where it was brigaded under the command of W. T. Sherman, and participated in the memorable battle (July 21, 1861 of Bull Run, at which Marion F. Humes, of Company F, a boy of the town of Janesville and a student of Milton Academy, was killed by a cannonball - the first Wisconsin soldier so killed in the war. (The first Wisconsin soldier killed in the rebellion was George C. Drake, of Milwaukee, Company A, First Wisconsin Infantry, July 2, 1861, near Martinsburg, Va.) On the 27th of August following the regiment was transferred to the command of General Rufus King, and composed a portion of the "Iron Brigade." Company D participated in the campaigns against Richmond, in the battles of Gainesville, South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Laurel Mountain and at other points, until May 11, 1864. At that date the regiment was detached from the brigade it had accompanied since its organization and to whose reputation it so materially contributed (the Second having been reduced to less than 100 men fit for active service), and was employed as provost guard of the Fourth Division, Fifth Army Corps, accompanying that division in the movement to the left, crossing the North Anna river on May 23 and arriving on June 6 on the Chickahominy. The regiment remained here until the 11th of the same month, when it marched to White House Landing, whence it embarked for Washington, and arrived in Madison, Wis., June 18, where, on July 2, 1864, it was mustered out of service, and the remnant of Company D returned to Rock county. When the regiment reached Wisconsin its total number was 155 officers and men out of 1,050 who entered the service in 1861. The number returned as above did not include twenty veterans or forty-five members who were returned as wounded and prisoners.

The original roster of Company D contained the following: George B. Ely, captain, wounded at the battle of Antietam, September 2, 1862, discharged the service December 24 following; A. B. McLean, first lieutenant, resigned October 7, 1862; Dana D. Dodge, second lieutenant, promoted to first lieutenant March 18, 1862, resigned April 13 following; Ebenezer P. Perry, second lieutenant, promoted first lieutenant January 1, 1863; Albert F. Wade, orderly sergeant; George F. Saunders (promoted to first lieutenant April 30, 1862, and resigned), William A. Jameson (promoted January 9 and May 4, 1863, to first lieutenant) and Henry Silman, sergeants ; John C. McDonald, John C. Little, Charles W. Atherton and Dennison Webster, corporals. The privates were Ethan Allen, Marion Alexander, John J. Bristow, Gersham A. Bennett, Frederick Breme, Cain Billings, Jeremiah G. Burdick, Chauncey Bartholomew, Henry Backus, Andrew Bean (killed at South Mountain September 14, 1862), William Croft, Samuel Creek, Charles H. Cheney, Andrew Douglas, Lorin Davis Jr., Johnson Dole, John N. Ehle, Chauncey Ehle (died at Richmond, Va., in November, 1862), William Hogan, Albert B. Heath, Joseph Harris, Isaac R. Huggins, John Johnson, Edward Killelee, Hiram H. Kimball, Albert B. Kimball, Thomas H. Knill, Oliver Friddle, Daniel H. Loomis, John F. Foot, William H. Foote, Asahel Gage (killed at South Mountain September 14, 1862), Wendell Fairbrother, John Hamilton (promoted corporal and died at Richmond, Va.), Lucius H. Lee, C. H. Lee, Alexander Lee (appointed second lieutenant May 13, 1863), Herman J. Longhoff, Sidney Landers, Charles E. Marsh, Orville J. Miles, William J. McRea, Frederick H. Maine, John C. Malloy, Nathaniel Parks, A. Patterson, Leonard Powell, William Smith (promoted corporal and died in Richmond, Va., March 14, 1862), Charles Rowland, George L. Scott, Albert H. Stickney, Charles D. Stickney, William L. Schermerhorn, Joslyn Southard, William Seiforth, D. Thoraldson, Lucien N. Turner, Lewis Tramblie, Joseph H. Tramblie (killed at Gainesville August 28, 1862), David Tramblie, Julius Tramblie, Clark R. Thomas, Oramel Wilcox, Philander Wilcox (promoted corporal and killed at Gettysburg July 1, 1863) and Caleb J. Waterman.

Of the Third Regiment, Thomas H. Ruger, of Janesville, captain, lieutenant colonel, was promoted brigadier general and brevet major general U. S. Volunteers; Bradley M. Bucklin was commissary sergeant and Edwin 0. Kimberly band leader. Louis H. D. Crane, of Beloit, second lieutenant Company A, adjutant major, was killed at Cedar Mountain August 9, 1862. James H. Webb, of Janesville, was in Company F, and in Company K were James C. Brock and Commissary Sergeant Bradley M. Bucklin, of Janesville ; Eben Colby and Peter Green, of Turtle ; Caleb Ellison, Beloit, and Ole Gulsuth, of Clinton.

Company E, Fifth Regiment, was enlisted in Rock county in May, 1861, and rendezvoused at Camp Randall during the latter part of the following June, where it was mustered into service July 13, leaving the state for the Army of Eastern Virginia on the 24th of the same month. Arriving in Washington, the regiment became attached to the brigade of General King and encamped on Meridian hill. On the 3d of the ensuing September the regiment was moved to Chain Bridge and assigned to Hancock's brigade, Smith's division. Army of the Potomac. Company E was a prominent factor in all these movements, including that of the Army of the Peninsula, participating in the battle of Williamsburg, the first engagement of the historic battles about Richmond, including Fair Oaks, Seven Pines, Frasier's Farm, Malvern Hills and Antietam; also taking part in the battles of Chancellorsville, Fredericksburg (being attached to General Franklin's division of the Sixth Army Corps, and crossing the river on the morning of December 12, 1862, in advance of Burnside's army), and taking a position on the left of the battle line at Gettysburg. In the latter part of July, 1863, Company E occupied Kingston, N. Y., where it was stationed until after the draft, when in obedience to orders it returned to Fairfax Station, Va., and, rejoining the Third Brigade, First Division, Sixth Army Corps, took possession of Warrenton, joined in the charge upon Rappahannock Station and in the engagement at Locust Grove across the Rapidan. In the spring of 1864 Company E again crossed the Rapidan and took part in the battle of the Wilderness, in which, it will be remembered, the Twenty-fifth Virginia Regiment was captured by companies attached to the Fifth Wisconsin. After the battles of Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor and Petersburg the regiment assisted in the defense of Washington when menaced by Breckinridge, remaining until July 16, 1864, when it was returned to Madison and mustered out.

Jesse C. Putnam Military History Of Rock Couxty 333

men, originally enlisted in Rock county: Horace M. Wheeler, captain, promoted to major, died in Washington November 19, 1863, of wounds received at the battle of Fredericksburg ; Henry R. Clum. first lieutenant, promoted captain U. S. V. signal corps and brevet major; Asa W. Hathaway, Janesville, sergeant, lieutenant, captain ; first lieutenant, James McDaniel, of Janesville, corporal, first sergeant; James Mills, of Janesville, second lieutenant, resigned May 12, 1862; H. C. Hern (died of wounds at Williamsburg in May, 1862), E. P. Mills (promoted February 9 and October 3, 1863, to first lieutenant and killed at the battle of the Wilderness May 5, 1864), Walter L. Smith and A. L. Cutts (died at Fairfax, Va., March 15, 1862), sergeants; G. W. Dutton, W. M. Birt, J. C. Rogers, C. O. Harrington, corporals, and later sergeants; F. Schermerhorn, drummer, and John Jackson, of Edgerton, fifer, with the subjoined list of privates from Rock county: Louis Anderson, Leslie Anderson, Thomas H. Alverson, H. L. Ames, Nathaniel Baker, William C. Benedict, P. J. Bellsfield, John Beatty, E. P. Bly, J. H. Bliven, W. W. Bradshaw, J. W. Brown, W. Braithwaite (died at Hagerstown, Md., October 29, 1862), Page N. Butts, R. F. Dutton (Beloit), M. Dunn, Thomas Evans, W. M. Folsom, A. R. Foster, F. T. Harvey, R. A. Hickox, Thomas Hodson, J. W. Huggins (corporal, sergeant), W, A. Helmes, C. A. Ingersoll, H. Jarvis, J. M. Kimball, John Lahn (died at Spottsylvania May 12, 1864), J. P. Lincoln, J. D. Maxon, Edward Miles, Thomas Miller, Alonzo Nellis, I. B. Newkirk (corporal), Timothy Osborn (died at Liberty Hall Hospital, Virginia, January 27, 1862), E. H. Oleson, F. D. Parker, Ezra Pepper, George Peterson (died of wounds received at Cold Harbor June 3, 1864), Joseph Pierson (killed at the battle of the Wilderness May 5, 1864). Clark A. Pierce, B. K. Platts (died at Liberty Hall Hospital, Virginia, July 18, 1862), G. S. Prior, R. W. Pitts (killed at Fredericksburg, Va., May 3, 1863), P. G. Raymond (died of wounds received at Spottsylvania May 12, 1864), W. F. Read, M. Rhoades, D. C. Ripley, T. G. Richardson, G. E. Seymour, P. A. Shaw, G. C. Sims, W. H. Story, W. C. Stevens, W. C. Stuck (died of wounds at Washington November 25, 1863), William J. Stockman, Almaron W. Stillwell, T. S. Stewart, C. M. Taylor, Whitney Tibbals (Beloit, killed at Spottsylvania May 10, 1864), Charles L. Valentine (wounded), J. D. Valentine (killed at Fredericksburg, Va., May 3, 1863), A. N. Vaughn (died at Lee's Mill,

In the campaign against Fredericksburg the Fifth Wisconsin bore an important part. It will be remembered that the attack upon the heights beyond that stronghold was made simultaneously by three columns under Generals Gibbon, Howe and Newton. "On Sutfday morning, May 3," writes an eye witness, "and after the first advance had been repulsed. Colonel Allen, with 225 men, the right wing of the Fifth Wisconsin, deployed as skirmishers fifty yards in advance, covering the Thirty-first New York and Sixth Maine, ordered his line forward on the double quick. His men were directed not to fire a musket, but to make use of the bayonet, thus giving the enemy, who had just discharged their pieces, no time to reload.

"This was the most brilliant charge of the campaign. The line of skirmishers darted forward upon the run, but before they reached the stone fence, which was less than three minutes, twenty-three were killed and seventy-six fell wounded, but not a man unhurt faltered. Clearing the stone fence under a tertible fire of artillery and musketry, they bayoneted those of the enemy who still resisted their advance, and, rushing forward, captured the heights, taking possession of the rifle pits and batteries.

"Lieutenant Brown, commanding a section of Walton's famous Washington Artillery, surrendered his battery and his men to Colonel Allen. All this was done before any other troops had reached the stone wall. The Sixth Maine came up and planted their colors on the right, and the left wing of the Fifth Wisconsin came up about the same time and raised their colors on the left."

Company G, Sixth Regiment. Captain, M. A. Northrup; lieutenants, George L. Montague and W. W.*> Allen. The company was known as the Beloit Star Eifles, enlisted at Beloit.

The following is the complete roster: Eoyal Atwood. James Avery, A. 0. Austin, A. Allen, S. P. Alexander, D. C. Burbank, P. Burch, S. G. Bayes, J. N. Bingham, G. W. Bly, H. L. Beemon, G. T. Bury, L. K. Barmore, W. Bedford, H. Brady, H. S. Beers, G. Best, M. Ball, W. H. Burns, D. F. Burdick, D. Briggs, J. Brader. G. W. Chamberlin, J. H. Cowen, George Closson, A. Clarke. B.

Company K, Seventh Regiment. Captains, Alexander Gordon, of Beloit, George S. Iloyt and John M. Hoyt; lieutenants, Frank W. Oakley. David Shirrell and others. This company, known as the Badger Rifles, enlisted at Beloit and rendezvoused at Camp Randall. Following is the roster, some few being from another county: Alexander Gordon, F. W. Oakley, David Shirrell, S. B. Morse, George S. Hoyt, A. D. Rood (lieutenant), J. W. Bruce, J. M. Hoyt, W. Stever (lieutenant), J. B. Davis (sergeant, died May 21, 1862), George S. Hoyt (captain), H. Harbaugh (sergeant), Amos D. Rood (lieutenant), D. C. Van Antwerp (corporal, sergeant), Isaac S. Livingston, L. A. Eggleston, J. S. Claflin, Andrew Clark, W. Steever (lieutenant), H. Phillips (corporal),

Company G, of the Eighth, was made up of recruits from various portions of the county, the Janesville Fire Department, etc., and was recognized as one of the crack companies of the nationally famous Eagle Eegiment of Wisconsin. The regimental organization was completed on the 4th and the regiment mustered into service on the 5th of September, 1861, at Camp Eandall. After a brief delay, devoted to drilling, the Eighth was armed and equipped and on October 12 departed for the scene of active hostilities with which it was so intimately associated during the three years following. The regiment reached St. Louis on the 14th, remaining at Benton Barracks one day, going thence to De Soto, Big Eiver Bridge, Pilot Knob, and finally to Fredericktown, where Jeff Thompson was encountered and put to tiiglit. This was the first engagement in which the boys participated, and was followed by New Madrid, Island No. 10, Parmington, Miss., the siege of Corinth; the battles of luka, Corinth and Jackson; the siege and capture of Vicksburg; battles of Richmond, Fort De Russy, Henderson Hills, Pleasant Hill, Cloutierville, Mausura and Yellow Bayou, La.; Hurricane Creek, Miss.; Lake Chicot, Ark.; Nashville, the Spanish Fort and Mobile. After campaigning through Arkansas, Tennessee and Mississippi the regiment returned to St. Louis, where it was reclothed and accompanied the command of General A. J. Smith in the movement to repel the advance of Hood. After the battle of Nashville the regiment moved farther south, camping at Chalmette, near New Orleans, at Dauphin Island, Mobile, Montgomery and Demopolis, Ala., where it was mustered out of service and returned home, reaching Madison on September 13, 1865, after four years of constant service, during which the regiment marched 15,179 miles, campaigned in eleven states, fought nearly forty battles, participated in nineteen skirmishes and unnumbered sorties, returning at the close of its service full of honor and with its "eagle bird" in the enjoyment of excellent health and undiminished appetite. Early in the war the regiment was assigned to the First Brigade, Second Division, of the Army of the Mississippi, under the command of General Plummer, but subsequently became a part of the Second Brigade, First Division, Fifteenth Army Corps, General W. T. Sherman, and of the First Brigade, Second Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, General A. J. (Baldy) Smith.

In the Tenth Regiment, Company A, was Sherman Conant, of Beloit, who enlisted in Walworth county. In the Eleventh Regiment, Company F, were Richard A. Hawley, of Janesville, and David C. Phillips, "of Lima. In the Twelfth Regiment Bennett DeWitt, of Janesville, was second assistant surgeon.

The Thirteenth Regiment was proposed after the five days' fight around Richmond, at a meeting held in Janesville to devise means for strengthening the Union cause. Before the assemblage dispersed a resolution providing for the enlistment of a regiment of infantry from Rock county was introduced and met with immediate adoption. The preliminaries incident to the business in hand were promptly disposed of and a committee consisting of Senator H. Richardson and the Rev. H. C. Tilton authorized to confer with the governor and conclude arrangements for enlisting the soldiers and providing them with officers. The Hon. J. J. R. Pease, Senator Richardson and II. G. Collins were appointed to take charge of the camp and see that the "boys" were comfortably provided for. All things being entrusted to proper authorities, recruiting began, and before many weeks the regimental roster was completed and consisted of six companies from Rock county exclusively, the balance from Green and Walworth counties. The regiment, rank and file, as also the officers, made up from the farmhouses and workshops, with a goodly number from Milton College and the high school at Janesville, went into camp northeast of the latter city, on what became later the county fair grounds, but was at that date called Camp Treadway. It was mustered into service October 17, 1861, and left the state for Fort Leavenworth, Kan. From thence it marched to Fort Scott, where it remained until March 22 and was transferred to Lawrence, arriving there March 31, 1862. After a month's sojourn the regiment went to Fort Riley, where it was fitted out for an expedition into Mexico. On the eve of their departure to the land of cocoa and palm the order was countermanded, and the "Mexican expedition" retraced its steps to Fort Leavenworth, going thence to Columbus, Ky., Fort Henry, Fort Donelson, remaining at the two forts named for upward of a year, the regimental time being devoted to skirmishes, engagements, harassing Forrest and guarding supply steamers between Fort Henry and Hamburg Landing. On August 27, 1863. the regiment marched to Stevenson, Ala. After remaining at this point a short time it went into camp at Edgefield, near Nashville, where it remained until the expiration of its terra of service, and, having reenlisted, was given a furlough of thirty days, the same being passed in Janesville. Upon entering active service once more the regiment was assigned to the First Brigade of the Fourth Division of the Twentieth Army Corps, and served in the Southwest, remaining at Stevenson, Ala., until after the defeat of Hood at Nashville, when it was assigned to the Third Brigade, Third Division, Fourth Corps, and embarked for New Orleans, going thence to Indianola, and serving in Texas until November,

1865, when it returned to Madison via New Orleans and was mustered out of service. The following is the roster of its Rock county recruits :

Company A, or the Ruger Guards. Edward Ruger, captain, assistant adjutant-general on general staff, mustered out November 19, 1864; L. F. Nichols, first lieutenant, resigned July 27, 1863; William Ruger, second lieutenant, afterwards appointed adjutant on the organization of the regiment, and later assistant adjutant-general U. S. A. ; Milton Bowerman, appointed second lieutenant, promoted first lieutenant August 11, 1863, resigned September 30, 1864; Samuel C. Cobb, promoted second lieutenant August 11, 1863, first lieutenant October 18, and captain Company A November 21, 1864, promoted major October 9, 1865;

Company B. Edwin E. Woodman, captain, mustered out November 19, 1864; James L. Murray, first lieutenant, and George C. Brown, second lieutenant, both mustered out on November 19, 1864; Jason W. Hall (promoted captain January 6, 1865), William M. Burns (died at Stevenson, Ala., October 30, 1863),

Joseph Craig, Beloit, major, promoted from captain Company F; David A. Adams, Beloit, commissary sergeant; Company D, August Preis, Janesville, died June 24, 1863, L. Providence, La. ; Company I, Thomas W. Dow and William Sholtz, Janesville. The new Company F contained many Beloit and Janesville men, besides representatives from nearly all our towns as follows : Captains, Joseph Craig, of Beloit, promoted major, and George W. Roberts, Beloit, promoted from second lieutenant; first lieutenant, Alfred Taggart, promoted major Fifty-first Wisconsin Infantry; second lieutenant, Julius C. Comstock, Beloit, promoted from sergeant.

Company B, John Campbell, Beloit; Company D, Martin Larkin, of Janesville; Company E, Barthalomew 0 'Conner, of Lima, corporal, sergeant, died October 14, 1863, at Vicksburg; Company F, Peter Smith, Beloit, second lieutenant; Thomas Mc- Kiniry, Beloit, first sergeant, second lieutenant ; James Bray, Janesville, died August 8, 1863, at Vicksburg; Philip Burns, Be-

Company E, Twenty-second Infantry, w^as raised in Rock county, the members being principally enlisted in Janesville, Spring Valley, Fulton, Edgerton, Harmony, Magnolia, Plymouth, La Prairie, Rock, Johnstown and ]\Iilton, under Captain Isaac Miles. The regiment rendezvoused at Camp Utley, Racine, where it was mustered into service September 2, 1862, and, two weeks later, proceeded to aid in defending Cincinnati against the threatened advent of Kirby Smith. At the conclusion of that campaign. Company E, with the regiment, was assigned to the First Brigade, First Division, Army of Kentucky, and performed provost duty in that state until January 23, 1863, when the regiment was transferred to Nashville, and participated in all the important battles in that section of the country, constituting a portion of Hooker's command. After the capture of Atlanta the regiment, with the balance of the Twentieth Army Corps, was stationed at that city, engaged in strengthening the fortifications. In November, 1864, the regiment proceeded to Savannah, thence to Perrysville, Robertsville, and through the Carolinas, Richmond and Alexandria to Washington, taking part in the grand review of Sherman's army, and remaining at Alexandria until June 12, 1865, when it was mustered out and returned to Madison.

The roster of Company E, as mustered into service, was: Captain, Isaac Miles, of Fulton, resigned June 17, 1863 ; first lieutenant, Calvin Reeves, resigned December 22, 1862; second lieutenant. Gage Burgess, of Janesville, promoted first lieutenant.

December 27, 1862, and captain June 17, 1863; first lieutenants, Calvin Eeeves, of Janesville, Persons P. Bump ; second lieutenant, Francis N. Keeley, promoted; sergeants, Henry R. Stetson, John B. Bullock, Proctor D. Scofield, Rufus P. Young and Albert O. Warner (died of wounds, August, 1864) ; corporals, Charles H. Dickinson, Hiram H. Dimick (sergeant), Augustus C. Moore (promoted sergeant and died at Nashville, February 15, 1865), Edwin li. Pullen, Charles E. Bowles, Cyrel A. A. Leake, Farin E. Osburn and Frederick AY. Seymour; sergeant major, Francis N. Keeley; musicians, Oscar W. Warner and Robert W. King; wagoner, Charles W. Whittier; privates, Burritt Alcott (died at Nashville, May 12, 1863), Gerhard Abink, Edward C. Alden (corporal), Albert W. Alden, Edward P. Amber (corporal), Azro M. Bowles, Charles E. Bowles (corporal), Charles W. V. Baird, James H. Bullis (corporal), John P. Crossett, Daniel Clark, Aaron R. Culp, Samuel Crawford (died at Nashville, February 13, 1863), Christian Dyke, John E. Davidson, Henry H. Davis, Francis E. Downs (died at Brentwood, Tenn., March 1, 1863), Edward F. Dean, Ormond N. Dutton, William Edgar, Jesse Edgerton, Francis Edgerton, Horace W. Fitch (died at Danville, Ky., January 4, 1863), Charles J. Fox, John Q. A. Failing, Henry H. Guernsey (corporal), Martin V. Glass, Jonathan Gicker, Orra B. Garrison, Robert W. Harper (died at Nashville, March 9, 1863), William H. Harper, Michael Harnett, Benjamin R. Hilt, Jesse B. Harvey (promoted corporal, and killed at Kenesaw Mountain, Georgia, June 18, 1864), Joseph A. Jones (died at Nicholasville, Ky., December 26, 1862), Samuel Jones, Ethan A. Jones, George K. Johnson, James A. Kipp, August F. Kliese (corporal), Lewis E. Kliese, Seth Knight, Paul Knight (died at Danville, Ky., February 13, 1863), Solomon R. King (killed at Resaca, Ga., May 15, 1864), John Kay, Jacob J. Large, Thos. Linden wood, Charles Locke, Alexander Lindsay (died at Murfreesboro, Tenn., July 30, 1865), Cyrel A. Leake (corporal, second lieutenant), Stephen W. Lemont, John Lyons, William Mulligan, Martin Merson (died near Dallas, Ky., June 12, 1864), Charles H. Macomber (died at Nicholasville, Ky., January 9, 1863), Charles H. Mansfield, James McCathron, John McCathron (of Janesville), Abram Merrill (corporal), Herman S. McKenzie (commissary sergeant), Claron I. Miltimore (promoted adjutant. Thirty-seventh Wisconsin), Martin McGill, Nathan Moore, Augustus C. Moore (corporal,

The companies, B and I, of the Twenty-second Regiment Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, were mainly Rock county men, most of them from Beloit and vicinity. The roster, giving only Rock county men, was as follows: Company B, captain, Thomas P. Northrop; first lieutenant, George H. Brown (promoted captain, January 23, 1863); second lieutenant, William H. Calvert; sergeants, Calvin H. Bullock (promoted second lieutenant), Ira P. Nye (promoted first lieutenant), Frederick J. Northrop, Alexander Anderson, James N. Crandall (promoted second lieutenant) ; corporals, Sanford L. Miller, Sophronius S. Herrick (promoted sergeant), Silas L. Bibbins, Frank H. Kelley (promoted sergeant), John S. Kendall (promoted second lieutenant Company C, Forty-eighth Wisconsin Infantry), George W. West, Charles P. Murray and James E. Ross (both sergeants) ; musicians, Horace Ormsby and John Teague; wagoner, William 0. Ranney. The privates were Rollin L. Adams, David E. Browneli, Adney F. Bibbins, George W. Bailey, Albert W. Bullock, Otis P. Bicknell, Clarence W. Baker (of Janesville), Orange V. Capron, George C. Clark, Charles H. Crist, William A. Dawson, Josiah Darling, George W. Dates, James Dwyer, Hiram Ellingson, Charles Fountain, Edgar A. Farr (promoted corporal), Ole Gullickson, Albert C. Getten (promoted corporal), John C. Hosier, .George W. Harwood, Joseph Hackett, Henry A. Hodge (promoted corporal).

A.Mos E. Reigart

Joseph A. Harrison, John Jacobson, Frank H. Kelley (corporal, sergeant), James King, Benjamin F. Kline, Richard A. Kendall, Albert Maxworthy, William H. H. Minot (corporal), Charles A. Minot, Amasa H. Merriman, Lucius S. Moseley (corporal), William F. Neal, John Nelson, John Newman, William C. Orr, John Orr, John Oleson, Napoleon B. Perry, John M. Pomeroy, George N. Perkins, Richard M. Radwaj^ Leonard M. Rose, George W. Rose, John D. Russell, Benjamin Selleck, Nelson Salisbury (of Janesville), Weaver F. Schoening (corporal, sergeant), Harvey C. Smith, Frank H. Smith, Austin E. Smith, Simon M. Sage (corporal), Rudolph A. Spencer, Thomas Simonson, Silas Wright. All the above, unless otherwise specified, were enlisted at Beloit, Wis., and for three years.

On the roster of Company I were the following: Captains, Warren Hodgdon, Perry W. Tr?cy (promoted from first lieutenant), Marshall W. Patton (promoted from second and first lieutenant, died of wounds at Resaca, Ga., May 19, 1864), John W. Parker (promoted from sergeant, second and first lieutenant; first lieutenant, Worcester H. ]\Iorse (promoted from first sergeant) ; privates, Herman Anderson, Ole 0. Austin, Edward W. Balch, Richard R. Banker, William J. Barnes, Phanuel Barnum (of Plymouth), Edward Barry, Felix Baumgardner, Ira T. Beldin (corporal), James Bemis (of Janesville), Benjamin R. Bass (corporal), Norwood Bowers, Erwin S. Bowers, Samuel S. Bullis, Ariel Bullis, William Burst (of Plymouth), William F. Cadman, Samuel Carpenter, Eri B. Carver (of Plymouth), Charles J. Cooper (promoted hospital steward), Carl A. Corneliusen, Milo P. Doud, Cordon P. Doud, Eugene R. Drury, John C. Durgin (promoted first sergeant, sergeant major), Ole Enocksen (of Clinton), Lewis M. Erickson, Austin C. Freeman (corporal), Thomas Gamble, Addison Garringer (of Plymouth, deserted), John Garrick, Edward A. Goddard (corporal, died February 10, 1863, Lexington, Ky., of disease), Thomas Godden (of Beloit), Frederick H. Green, Christian Hensen, Lewis Hansen, Bennett Hanson, John Hanson, David 0. Herron, John Hill (corporal), Frederick Hillyer, William C. Hodge (corporal), Edwin F. Hollister (corporal), Henry Hunt (wounded Peach Tree Creek), William H. Hunt, Clark Huntley (corporal, sergeant), Richard M. Jackson (of Plymouth), Carl Jensen, John A. Johnson, Gilbert Johnson (corporal), William H. Lee (corporal, sergeant),

The Twenty-second Regiment was mustered into service at Camp Utley, Racine, on September 2, 1862, and within a fortnight afterwards was sent to the front. At Thompson's Station, about thirty miles south of Nashville (also called Spring Hill), and Unionville, Tenn., this Twenty-second Wisconsin, the Thirtythird and Eighty-fifth Indiana, the Nineteenth Michigan and One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Ohio (with the Eighteenth Ohio Battery) and three companies of cavalry, all under General J. C. Coburn, fought during March 4 and 5, 1863, about thirty thousand rebels under Forrest and Van Dorn. March 5, when the Twenty-second was at the front, Colonel Utley being near Company B, Corporal L. S. Moseley of that company remarked to him: "Colonel, they're getting pretty thick out in front; why don't we fire?" "Fire away," said the colonel, and at once Moseley raised his gun and fired the first shot of that engagement, which lasted five hours. The result of the unequal contest was 150 of the Confederates killed and 400 wounded, while of the Union troops 100 were killed, 300 wounded and 1,306 were captured that day, including most of Companies B and I of the Twenty-second. That part of the regiment which escaped fought again at Brentwood, Tenn., March 25, and 300 (about all the rest of them) were captured ; then some 1,200, including the boys from the Twenty-second, were taken to Libby prison (many of our Beloit boys being there four or five weeks, and those later captured, only a day or so), and then the men of the Twentysecond were paroled and sent to Benton Barracks, St. Louis, to await an exchange. While the red tape for that was being tediously drawn out, our boys concluded that they might as well pass the time at home, and so all of them ran away from the barracks and came North. This act occasioned some public criticism, but Colonel Utley, in a published communication, declared that whenever he was ready and should send for the Twenty-second, every man of them would come. Being on parole, they were still in the army, but could not fight until regularly exchanged. Accordingly, as soon as their exchange was arranged, Colonel Utley sent them word to rendezvous at Camp Gamble, just south of St. Louis. The men of the Twenty-second came promptly at his call to the place appointed, every man of them, were duly exchanged and then Companies B and I became a part of the Second Brigade, Third Division, Twentieth Army Corps, under General Jo. Hooker, and went all through the Atlanta campaign with Sherman. The first Union flag raised over Atlanta was the flag of our Twenty-second Wisconsin, raised September 2, 1864, exactly two years after that regiment was mustered into the U. S. service. This regiment then went with Sherman to the sea and around to Washington, and took part in that last grand review.

Note - On Lieutenant Ira P. Nye's copy of the muster roll of Company B, made out at Camp Gamble, June 8, 1863, is the following record: ''Was engaged with the enemy at Thompson's Station, Tennessee, March 5, and both officers and twenty-four men (were) taken prisoners. We had twelve men wounded, one of whom has since died. The balance of the company escaped and returned to camp at Brentwood, where they were engaged on March 25 and taken prisoners ; were taken to Richmond, where the men were paroled and the officers exchanged on May 5, and returned to St. Louis to organize the regiment. All the company books and papers were destroyed." Signed by George H. Brown, captain.

The second lieutenant of that Company B, Ira P. Nye, now a banker of Eureka, Kan., and who loaned me this muster roll, adds the following : ' ' There were, if I remember correctly, fortythree men in line that day all told. We had two men, who do not appear in that company, killed in our line that day. One was Fred Goddard, of Beloit, and the other was a man by the name of Hines, of Racine, who was sergeant master of the regi- ment. The record says that there were twelve men wounded that day. I think it was fourteen. The deserters from Company B, were first, a student of Beloit college academy, who deserted in Kentucky, February 28, 1863. (He married a southern widow and might be recorded as captured by the enemy.) Another was a young Irishman. He fell out on the way to the hospital (December 20, 1862) and stayed out. I saw him once in Nashville after that, but he disappeared very suddenly. * * * On May 12, 1863, we lost another by desertion, immediately after our capture and parole. He was only a boy."

There were four deserters from Company I, one of Clinton, two of Beloit and one of Newark. From Company E, of the Twenty-second Wisconsin, the only deserters recorded are one of Janesville, one of Center and one of Magnolia. Almost all these desertions were the result of homesickness. Corporal L. S. Moseley, B, Twenty-second, was present at every roll call of his company, and never sick a day.

During the siege of Atlanta, certain Confederate batteries which hindered the advance of Thomas, were protected by a mountain west of the city. Men of the Second Massachusetts cut a road up it for guns, Company I of the Fifteenth Wisconsin, under Captain William H. Montgomery, of Beloit college, dug and prepared the gun pits, and with great effort, the light field pieces of the Eleventh Indiana battery were hauled up there and placed in position on the crest of the mountain. When the gunners were all ready to open fire on the Confederate lines below. General Sherman, General George A. Thomas (the Rock of Chickamauga), Fighting Joe Hooker and General J. M. Brannan, Thomas' chief of artillery, gathered to observe the effect of that fire. Dr. Samuel Bell, of Beloit, then assistant surgeon of the Fifteenth Wisconsin, under Thomas, stood near by among the staff officers and says that as they were all expecting the stillness of that August day to be invaded by the crash of the discharge, suddenly there pealed across the valley below them from the city on the heights beyond, the deep tones of church bells ringing for Sunday morning worship. Sherman started at the sound, raised a warning finger to the gunners and remarked to the officers about him, "Gentlemen, we will not open fire today." Then turning to his chief of artillery, he quietly said: "General

Companies E and F, of the Thirty-third Regiment, were also enlisted in Rock county, and made up of some of the best material which the banner county of "Wisconsin contributed to preserve the Union. The regiment went into camp at Racine, September 29, 1862, was mustered into service October 18, and departed for the seat of war November 12. Arriving at Memphis, the regiment was assigned to the Third Brigade, General Lauman's division. Army of the Tennessee, in which capacity it served in the campaigns against Jackson, Vicksburg and Holly Springs, until January, 1863, when it was transferred to the Sixteenth Army Corps, commanded by Major General Hurlbut, and participated in the fight at Hernando, Avhere Lieutenant Swift, of Company E, was killed; thence proceeding to Young's Point, Snyder's Bluff, Haine's Bluff, Vicksburg and Natchez, it joined in the Red river expedition, returning to Vicksburg and Memphis, repelling the attack of Camargo Cross Roads ; prominent in the fight of Tupelo, after that it went to St. Charles, Ark., and finally on October 8, 1864, reached St. Louis. On November 1 the regiment proceeded to reenforce the army of General Thomas at Nashville, where it became part of General A. J. Smith's command. After the retreat of General Hood, the Thirty-third was assigned to guarding the transportation train to Savannah, Tenn., Company F proceeding to that point and Company E to Grand View, rejoining the regiment at Eastport, Miss. Thereafter the regiment was ordered to the department of the Gulf, and went to New Orleans, thence to Dauphin Island, Cedar Point, Spanish Fort, Blakely, Montgomery and Selma, Ala., Jackson, Big Black River Bridge and Vicksburg, Miss., Cairo to Madison, where it arrived on August 14, 1865, and was paid off and mustered out of service September 1, 1865.

The following are the company muster rolls: Company E. Captain, Ira Miltimore, resigned August 9, 1863: first lieutenant, Henry S. Swift, Jr., killed April 19, 1863, at Hernando, Miss.; second lieutenant, Pardon H. Swift, pro- moted to first lieutenant, June 24, and captain, August 20, 1863 ; Lieutenant Henry Seriftof, killed at Coldwater, Miss., April 19, 1863; sergeants, Henry B. Cornell (promoted second lieutenant, June 24, first lieutenant, August 29, 1863), Edward Cook, Bartholomew Quigley, Daniel D. Eichards and William Cornell (died at Moscow, Tenn., January 21, 1863) ; corporals, Silas B. Croker, Nathaniel Smith, A. H. Kime, Thomas Quigley, Charles E. Green, Charles W. Nickerson, James Eeese and Jacob Smith; musician, S. H. Calender ; wagoner, Levi H. Fountain ; privates, Franklin Anderson, Adelbert Babcock (died at Memphis, December 4, 1862), John B. Bunce (died at Vicksburg, July 7, 1862), Warren G. Barber, Anthony Byrnes, Thomas Byrnes, Eensselaer Burnham, Otto Craig, James Coffee, Eobert W. Cliford, James K. Clark, Boyd Creighton, James Freeman (died at Vicksburg July 6, 1863), John A. Flint (died at Natchez, October 9, 1863), Henry Fairchild, Frederick Fiero, Waldo Godell, John Goodman, William Gale, Nurve Geroem, Joseph C. Hall, Ira M. Howard, Nathan Havilin, A. N. Hangen, Patrick Hebir, J. C. Johnson, Ingebert Knudson (died at Moscow, Tenn., January 31, 1863), C, A. Kennedy, Hendrick Levorson, Knud Levorson, Tollef Levorson, Alexander Lyons, Charles Looby, Michael Lawler, J. C. Meegen, Valentine Melavin, Alonzo E. Miltimore (wounded at Vicksburg), William McKee, H. Megorden, Alexander McDonald, Lewis Noe, Thomas Night, Ole Olson (died at Memphis, April 30, 1863), Syver Olsen (died at Moscow, Tenn., February 12, 1863), Hendrick Olson (died at Memphis, February 10, 1863), Halgrin Oleson, Emery Patch, Orvill Ehodes, Edmund Eobinson, Hiram N. Eobinson, Arthur J. Eobinson, Brainard Eider, Eufus A. Stafford (died at Moscow, Tenn., February 14, 1863), Frank A. Steele (died at Natchez, October 25, 1863), Eichard B. Steward (died at St. Charles, Ark., August 14, 1864), C. F. Stokes, William Southwick, James Smith, Alonzo Sutton, E. E. Squires, James Turner, John Tarney, Francis Van Patten, John West, Hiram Wait, William Weaver, John Watt, Eight Williams, Charles H. Wheeler and Charles Young.

Company F. Captain, A. Z. Wemple (died at Memphis, March 9, 1863), William L. Scott, April 9, 1863; first lieutenant, W. L. Scott (promoted April 9, 1863) ; second lieutenant, Charles W. Stark (promoted first lieutenant, April 9, 1863, and captain

In April, 1864, the governors of five states, including Wisconsin, persuaded the United States government to accept 80,000 volunteers for a service of 100 days (on the terms of regular soldiers' pay and no bounties), to hold cities and camps then occupied by veteran troops, thus releasing the veterans for service at the front. There would be no battles and wounds, but just army camp life - the romance of war. Wisconsin sent two short regiments and one battalion, some 2,300 in all, and of these 231 went from Rock county in the Fortieth Regiment.

Prof. Fallows, of Lawrence university, and others, sought to have this Fortieth Regiment made up from the colleges and universities and known as the Normal regiment. About half the number were students, and Madison, Beloit, Appleton, Janesville, Milton and Baraboo furnished officers and men for companies A, B, C, D and E. Prof. Fallows, the real leader, was made lieutenant colonel, while a colonel of militia, W. Augustus Ray, became colonel of the Fortieth and gave his name to the camp. On the steamer going down to Memphis, I saw our Beloit orderlysergeant, Sweezy, instructing the new colonel how to make a salute. Colonel Ray got his long sword out all right (after some effort), but found it almost an impossibility to get the sword back into the scabbard again. A few officers and about forty men had seen army service before. The Fortieth Regiment had eight companies, leaving out H, and from the other eight, took enough to make Company I, the famous squad I, of Shanghai Chandler. We started from Madison on the Morning of June 14, 1864, for Memphis, Tenn. ; those from Rock county (as nearly as I can ascertain) of the staff, were Quartermaster A. L. Field, Beloit ; First Assistant Surgeon Amos S. Jones, Janesville ; Chaplain J. J. Blaisdell, Beloit. Non-commissioned officers: Q. M. sergeant, Henry F. Hobart, Beloit; commissary sergeant, Henry

D. Nash, Janesville; fifth sergeant, Oliver N. Gage, Janesville; first corporal, Andrew S. Douglas, Janesville ; second corporal, John S. Howard, Janesville: third corporal, Edson A. Burdick, Janesville; fourth corporal, Ardent J. Roberts, Janesville; fifth corporal, Walter B. VanKirk, Janesville; seventh corporal, Frank A. Knowles, Janesville.

Rock county privates : Company A. John N. Armstrong, Theo. C. Ashcraft, Charles E. Brown, Samuel Clark Burnham, George E. Coloney, Almon H. Calkins, Delavan H. Comstoek, Calvin L. Dunning, Samuel Davis, DeWitt Davis, Andrew J. Denniston, Julius C. Eldridge, Ira Fredenall, Edward W. Hames, Eichard L. Haywood, William L. Hart, Halot E. Howell, Edward Hanson, Edward W. Humes, Samuel C. Jayne, Edwin Lee, George Lill, William W. Lewis, Eeuben Matthews, Orrin Parker, James M. Pool, Henry E. Porter, Eufus E. Eesseguie, Louis Eisum, William K. Eoyce, Peter Eeifenberg, Ardent J. Roberts, John H. Roberts, W. W. Seaver, Nathan Sisson, James A. Sutherland, Frederick Zeidler, Lewis Tramblie, all of Janesville. Edward Philo Bostwick and Jacob Gates, Shopiere; Will H. Benedict, William H. Cheesbro, Joseph Earl, Adam Herman and Sidney S. Warner, all of La Prairie; Julian C. Eldredge, Joseph Pope, Marcus P. Holman, Linas B. Sale, all of Evansville ; Joseph Evans and John H. Riley, of Edgerton ; Hanford Fowle, Edwin Lee and John B. Smith, of Bradford ; Albert Thompson, of Footeville; George Plater, Emerald Grove (died at Memphis, Tenn., August 15, 1864); Charles C. Peck, Beloit; William W. Spaulding, Harmony; Mathias Christian, Orford; Arthur J. Van Amee, Magnolia; Dwight Webb, Porter; Erwin R. Wagner, Afton. Some of the Janesvillians drew rations by the tops, but most of them were correct men. Captain Loekwood was a fine teacher and citizen. Lieutenant Burgess was a tactician to the toes, the regimental drill master and was detailed inspector of the Fourth Brigade.

Company B. The captain, S. Merritt Allen, Beloit, of Allen's Grove (east line of Rock county) ; first lieutenant, Harson A. Northrup, Beloit; second lieutenant, Barrett H. Smith, Beloit (now of Shopiere, Wis.) ; first sergeant. L. S. Sweezey, Rockford (of Beloit college) ; second sergeant, A. M. May, Beloit ; third sergeant, Frederick Alley, Beloit ; fourth sergeant, Henry Z. Hosmer, Beloit ; fifth sergeant, Charles W. Nye, Beloit.

D. Porter, Jedediah R. Rathbun, Hazard L. Raymond, William E. Sheldon, George L. Shue, Arthur H. Smith, Samuel P. Smiley, Girden E. Smith, Joseph A. Spencer, Oliver J. Stiles, Chancellor G. Taggart, William C. Thomas, Simeon M. Watson, William H. Wheeler, Benjamin F. Wilson, George Winn, Lyman W. Winslow, Frank M. Wood and Parker Wilson, all of Beloit; Albert Blair, William E. Sheldon and Charles A. Teals were of Allen's Grove and Beloit ; George Folts was of Clinton Junction ; William J. Latta, of Bradford; AVilliam H. Shumaker, Newark; Samuel P. Smiley, of Plymouth ; John M. Tullar, of Union.

Clovius C. Bushnell, of AVyocena, died August 11, and William H. Shumaker, August 14, 1864, both in the camp hospital at Memphis. They were both buried in the peach orchard near the camp. B company was dubbed "Beloiterers," not because of any disposition to loiter, but from the fact that nearly half the company were students from Beloit college.

Company C. Captain, N. C. Twining, Milton ; first lieutenant, Albert R. Crandall, Milton ; second lieutenant, Richard A. Wareham, MUton ; first sergeant, George W. Webb, Lima ; first corporal, Elon G. Kinney, Lima; third corporal, Sylvester Flagler, Janesville ; fifth corporal, David M. Johnson, of Union, reduced.

E. Hamilton, Nathan E. Maxon, Henry Ogden, Chauncey E. Osborn, John A. Powers, William E. Richardson, Perry Sweet, Devolson E. Thorp, George Walker, all of Milton; Augustus J. Bingham, of Harmony; James W. Bishop, Alonzo J. Crandall, Rollin C. Clark, William E. Dudley, Edward H. Dudley, William

Tewksbury, all of Union; Edward L, Barber, of Edgerton, promoted corporal; William L. Cure, Theodore F. Shorram, Freeborn W. Shepherd, Edwin P. Savage, Dudley E. Van Vleck, James M. Van Vleck, all of Porter; Ira Flagler, James E, O'Brien, Jesse B. Thayer, all of Janesville ; George F. Himmon, Daniel E. Stanton, both of Fulton; Amos Colgrove, Levi Carver, Thomas E. McDonald, George H. Philips, Madison Wheeler, William H. Hall, of Lima. James M. Van Vleck died July 16, and Edward A. Sherriff August 1, 1864, both at Memphis, Tenn., of disease.

Company D w^as raised in Dane county, and contained many university men. The only Rock county men in it were J. C. Spooner, A. W. Salisbury, Ancil Libby, G. R. Mitchell, W. H. Spencer, C. H. Spencer, J. A. Spencer and John W. West, all of Evansville.

Company E had one Rock county private, Henry W. Mellen, of Plymouth, who died at Memphis of disease, August 20, 1864. First Lieutenant Edward F, Hobart, an efficient officer, enlisted from Baraboo, where he was principal of the school, but he was born and brought up at Beloit, Rock county, and was a graduate of Beloit college.

Company F came from Walworth county, Company G from La Crosse, and neither had any of our Rock county men excepting George Slack, of Janesville, in F.

Of Company I, the first sergeant was Eben S. Chase; third corporal, John Anderson ; fourth corporal, Alonzo Kelley, all of Beloit; fifth corporal, Frank Barrere, of Janesville. Privates, Albert F. Lewis, of Lima; James Boyd, of Harmony, George H. West, of Janesville; Thomas P. McManamin,.of La Prairie, and Samuel Baker, Edmond Capron, Jacob Faber, Charles A. Hendee, Alonzo Kelley (promoted corporal) and Benjamin A. Jeffers, all of Beloit. Company K had two Rock county privates, Solomon W. Foster, who died at Memphis, July 11, 1864, and Daniel A. Patterson, both of Evansville.

The Fortieth Regiment numbered 778, of whom thirteen died in service. When Forrest made his raid, Colonel Ray rode away, it is said, after ammunition, leaving Lieutenant Colonel (later. Bishop) Samuel Fallows in actual command, and he led the Fortieth ahead of all the other regiments into the range of rebel artillery. After that term of service closed the surgeon, who came from Delavan, received a gold headed cane, inscribed,

AVe arrived at Memphis Sunday, June 19, 102 degrees in the shade and 125 in the sun, and in full uniform, marched to an encampment on Brinkley avenue, at A. J. Carne's nursery, opposite the railroad from the old fair grounds. Our picket duty was mostly along Raleigh road and outskirts. We also furnished fifty or sixty men every other day to guard a train of supplies to Smith's army at La Grange, Tenn., or sometimes over the line to Holly Springs, Miss., a country desolated by war. Sometimes we furnished a detachment of forty men to guard the wood yard, containing 40,000 cords of government wood by the river bank, and to picket the peninsula, formed by the Wolf and Hatchie with a bayou of the Mississippi.

Forrest's raid at 4 o'clock Sunday morning, August 21, shamefully surprised the camp and nearly caught Major General Washburn at his headquarters. General Forrest's first and fourth brigades of cavalry with a section of Morton's battery, about three thousand mounted Confederates, dashed up Hernando road, killed sixteen Union troops, wounded fifty-three and captured about 140. They lost fifty killed and thirty-six of them were captured unhurt, while the number of their wounded is unknown. The fighting was near St. Agnes' academy. Of the Fortieth, only three were hit, one being Lieutenant Northrup, of Company B, and none were seriously hurt.

In the Fiftieth Regiment, Company A, were Frederick Everson and William F. Fisher (second lieutenant), N. Straider and Peter C. Winebrenner, of Janesville. In Company D were Alvin Howard and Patrick Lamey, of Beloit, and Clark M. White (corporal), of Turtle.

To the Fifty-second Regiment we supplied only two men, Second Assistant Surgeon Orville P. B. Wright and Hospital Steward Frank B. Searle, of Beloit.

Captain Vallee resigned July 5, 1863, his successor being George B. Easterly, who was himself succeeded by Dorman L. Noggle, of Janesville. The former officers were all honorably discharged.

Captain Easterly's senior first lieutenant was Martin Mc- Devitt ; junior first lieutenant, George Powers ; senior second lieutenant, George R. Wright ; junior second lieutenant, Dorman L. Noggle (first lieutenant, captain) ; staff sergeants, Q. M. S.. Charles H. Clark, first sergeant, Cephas L. Sturtevent; duty sergeants, Horatio N. Yarrington, Edwin N. Palmer, Levi Westinghouse, Rand H. Stevenson, William Abbott, Samuel Elliott, corporals, Delos H. Cady, Burr Maxwell, Benjamin Brown, James H. Graves, John Clifford, James Baldwin, Robert Campbell, Hugh Schallong, Charles Colby, Spencer MaxM^ell, Albert Wallace. The remainder of the non-commissioned men were the same men who served under Captain Vallee, except the wagoner, who was Chauncey Baker.

After the resignation of Captain Easterly, Dorman L. Noggle was appointed in his place, the rest of the commissioned officers having resigned. Captain Noggle 's senior first lieutenant was Robert Campbell; junior first lieutenant. Burr Maxwell; senior second lieutenant, Delos H. Cady; junior second lieutenant, Benjamin Brown. The following is a list of the privates : January Blackbird, Charles H. Burrows, Robert J. Butler, Ira A. Blackmar, George Beeken, Almon Baldwin, John Bingham, William Bingham, Duffy Bently, Orlando H. Butler, John Berry, John ^Carney, William W. Colby, J. Cady, Horace R. Colby, Hartley H. Colby, Charles H. Hanchett, James Lumsden, Louis Lightheart, Mazerie Letterneau, Louis 0. Larsen, Daniel W. Mapes, Thomas McDonald (died, Hampton, Va.), Thomas McGrath, Josiah Moyer (corporal), Charles Mansfield, John McManamin, Neil McCatheran (died Hampton, Va.), James McCatheran, George H. Marshall, Henry Manly, William H. Norton, James Nesbitt, Thomas Nelson, Charles Olsen, Joseph Pierson, David Philborn, Josiah Parkhurst, John C. Payson, William Ruff, William S. Ranous, Hugh Reiley, Wakeman Ressiegue, Charles E. Rodifer, Amos E. Rice, Harry Rivers (corporal), James Ritchie, Charles Smith, Hubbard D. Smith, Elisha W. Sherman, Charles

In the Tenth Battery we had only one man, Thomas Savage, of Janesville. The Eleventh Battery received these seven Beloit men: Flen Daggett, Adolphus Humphrey, Alexander McAlpin, Theodore I. Perkins, Alexander W. Pomeroy, John Stevens and Franklin K. Wallace.

Our connection with the Twelfth Wisconsin Battery was more important. In 1862, when 250 more soldiers were called for from Rock county, some $8,000 was subscribed as bounty money, to induce volunteering and avoid a draft.

On August 9 E. G. Harlow made application to the adjutant-^ general of the state for power to enlist an artillery company in the county, and was refused on the ground that that branch of the service was full. A similar request made by that gentleman to the adjutant-general of the army met with a similar disposition. Finally after some further correspondence Mr. Harlow was commissioned a lieutenant of artillery and authorized to enlist fifty men for the Twelfth Wisconsin Battery, then in the field near Corinth, Miss., as a portion of General Hamilton's division. Lieutenant Harlow immediately opened a recruiting office at the drug store of G. R. Curtis, corner of West Milwaukee and Franklin streets, and within forty-eight hours had filled the comple- ment with twelve men to spare. The recruits went into camp at Madison without delay and on September 1, or within two days of the date when sworn in, they left Janesville and proceeded at once to the field of action. But little delay attended their initiation into actual warfare, for they participated in the battle of luka on September 19, and thereafter were constantly in the thickest of the fray, following Price down the Hatchie, participating in the bloody fight thereon, and returning to Corinth, were engaged during the bloody battles of October 3 and 4, and in the siege of Vicksburg, where after lying in the trenches for fifty days they were gratified with the sight of the stars and stripes substituted for the stars and bars. They were next heard of at Chattanooga, Mission Ridge, Allatoona Pass, Savannah, Atlanta, through the Carolinas, and in Richmond and Washington, which cities were taken on their route to Madison, Wis., where they were mustered out on June 26, 1865.

During the war this Twelfth Battery belonged to the Third Brigade, Second Division, Seventh Army Corps of the Army of the Tennessee ; also to the Second Brigade, Second Division, Fifteenth Army Corps; and was commanded by Generals McPherson, Sherman, Osterhaus, Logan and Grant.

Rock county had in the Twelfth Battery one Beloit man. Pardon E. Carpenter, who died of disease at Memphis, Tenn., January 10, 1863; two from Avon, Nathan B. Rice and William O. Rice; three from Rock, James H. Nuttall, Robert Shields (who lost a leg at Bentonville) and Warren H. Simmons; five from Johnstown, Sylvester C. Cheney (junior first lieutenant), John R. Bortle, Fred Douglas, Edwin A. Wells, Alexander W. Wells ; and 100 from Janesville, as follows : Edward G. Harlow (senior first -lieutenant, brevet captain IT. S. Volunteers), Marcus Amsden (first lieutenant, died of wounds October 9, 1864), Charles F, Adams, Ambrose C. Ames (died Huntsville, Ala., February 5, 1864), James M. Anderson, Bradford B. Austin, William R. Bates, Wheeler S. Bowen, Daniel R. Brand, Cornelius H. Brown, Robert W. Burton (corporal, quartermaster sergeant, wounded Allatoona, Ga., October 5, 1864), August Chilling, Joseph W. Chase (died October 6, 1864, from wounds received Allatoona, Ga., October 5, 1864), Harvey Comstock, Peter Cox, James Croft (wounded Allatoona, second lieutenant Company E, Fifty-first Wisconsin Infantry), Thomas Croft (corporal, sergeant). Gran-

In the Thirteenth Battery were James M. Babeoek, Koshkonong; Taylor Babeoek, Norman H. Dewing (corporal), and John Hunter, from Janesville; Thomas Savage and John Dunn, of Turtle; William V. Sheets, of Clinton; and five Beloit men - John Doyle, Frank Fox (first sergeant, second lieutenant), George H. James, Edgar R. Nelson and Lewis E. Nelson.

Rock county contributed men also to the Wisconsin Heavy Artillery, First Regiment, Companies D, E, F, H and L. In Company D were five Janesville men : John F. Baldwin, Richard E. Ballon, John W. Hurlburt, Sylvester Payne and George W. Powers. In Company E were eighteen Janesville men : Frank B. Burdick, Pitt M. Clark, Joseph Emerson, Jacob W. Everly, John Frohmader, Sidney C. Goff, George W. Heath, Russell Henry, Henry M. Johnson, Luke Knapp, George A. Libbey, George H. Lilly, Stephen P. Main, Arhart Neipert, Nelson F. Randolph, August Tartseh, Silas B. Thomas and John 0. Webster; also, from Harmony, Joseph C. Babeoek, Ambrose Dart; from Fulton, Riley Call; from Johnstown, Samuel Doner, John H. Jacques, Oscar A. Kellogg; from Clinton, William A. Foss, W^ilson S. Gilmore; also Nicholas Rickerman, of Plymouth, and Henry Rickerman, of Rock.

Company L had fifty Rock county men: Nathaniel D. Kelly, Henry A. Pond, George Skinner and Erastus Williams, of Fulton; Thomas Brannan and David B. Reynolds, of Rock; Charles A. Tubbs, of Clinton; James Gleave (corporal) and Robert More, of Center; John Swim, Morgan Johnson, Horace Swim, of Bradford ; Matthew Berrigan, Mj^ron Smith and Rudolphus D. Tascher, of Johnstown; Edgar Mericle, of Harmony; Edward Harnden (corporal), of La Prairie; and these thirty-three men from Janesville: Obed W. Wallace (first lieutenant), Alpheus S. Trowbridge (senior second lieutenant), Darius W. Cameron (junior second lieutenant), DeWitt Ainsworth, John Baik, Lewis P. Bent, Frank Berendes, John Bluett, Herman L. Coon, John J. Daniels, Horace M. Dibble, James E. Doyle, Carmi S. Gifford,

In the cavalry branch of the army Rock county furnished most of the men for two companies, M of the Second Regiment and E of the Third. The roster of each company, giving only Rock county men, most of whom were from Janesville, is as follows :

Second Regiment Cavalry. Surgeon, Clark G. Pease, Janesville; hospital stewards, Frank Strong and Paul G, Strong, of Janesville ; commissary sergeant. Third Battalion, Richard Ellis, of Johnstown; veterinary surgeon. Third Battallion, Henry Von Streitehen, Johnstown.

Company M. Captains, Nathaniel Parker and Freeman A. Kimball, promoted from first lieutenant; first lieutenant, John Baxter; second lieutenants, John C. Metcalf and Gorge W. Taylor ; all the above being from Janesville.

worth (Third Battalion) ; commissary sergeants, Solon M. Johnson, Arby Tuttle ; battalion commissary sergeants, William H. Hayes (First Battalion), George F. Blodgett (Third Battalion); hospital steward, Charles E. Wiswell, died Little Rock, Ark., September 12, 1864; battalion hospital steward, Elisha Sharp, killed March 26, 1862 ; saddler sergeant, George W. Caldwell. All the above-named officers were from Janesville.

Captains, Ira Justin, Jr. (died Leavenworth, Kan., October 22, 1861), Alexander M. Pratt; first lieutenants, Leonard House, Arthur C. Kent, William Culbertson ; second lieutenant, John C. Lynch. All the above officers were of Janesville.

October 22, 1898, Company E, First Wisconsin Volunteer Infanty, of the Spanish War, assembled at Beloit, were duly discharged from service as United States soldiers. They had all enlisted for two years, but as the war had virtually ended, although our First Regiment was quite a favorite with General Fitzhugh Lee, our Governor Schofield, at the solicitation of a great many citizens, succeeded in having that regiment honorably disbanded and the men discharged to private life. The roster of Company E, mostly Beloit men, when they were thus mustered out, was as follows :

The following members of Company E were transferred to the U. S. Hospital Corps : George Corson, Milton D. Brown, Harry Key, William Brockman, Ed Stone.

Among the names on the company's roster mustered out by the great Commander are: Sergeant Cassia Morris, September 11, 1898; Musician Mace Mollestad, August 13, 1898; Corporal Fred Cousins, September 25, 1898 ; Private Frank Schipman, September, 1898; Private Clark Osgood, September 8, 1898; Private Jesse Gleason, September 22, 1898; Private James M. Mowers, from Allen's Grove, died at Darien, Wis., February 1, 1899; Private Gustav Wolline, September, 1899; Private Charles Ingleby, of Beloit, January 1, 1899. Directly or indirectly these all died from typhoid fever.

The Spanish War Veterans are now an organized society. Ten of their number rest in the cemetery at Beloit and their graves are duly decorated on the annual Decoration Day, May 30.

The Dick militia law, enacted January 21, 1903, and amended May 27, 1908, provided for an organized militia, to be known as the National Guard (of each state, territory, etc.).

They are equipped at the expense of the general government and occupy a position similar to that of the minute men of revolutionary times. In case of invasion or rebellion the president can call them directly into service without further enlistment.

In this military body Eock county is honorably represented by one company, Company L, First Infantry, Wisconsin National Guard. At the last annual inspection this company gained the rare distinction of ranking first among all the militia companies of our state.

A. R. Dresser, Fourth Wisconsin Battery. W. H. Kinney, Fortieth Wisconsin, Company B. Jacob Sutter, War of 1812. Philip Burns. Daniel Dixon.

Lieutenant D. Duane Wemple, U. S. N., died December 24, 1864; Captain A. Zeily Wemple, Company F, Thirty-third Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, died March 9, 1863; George Playter, Company A. Fortieth Wisconsin, died Memphis, Tenn., August 15, 1864; Isaac Earle, Company D, Thirteenth Wisconsin Volunteers, died at New Madrid, Mo., June 21, 1863; Isaac Earle, Jr., Company A, Thirteenth Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, died September 17, 1880; Frank Thompson, Company A, Thirteenth Wisconsin Infantry, died October 13, 1878; Elbridge S. Smith, Company A, Thirteenth Wisconsin, died at Lawrence, Kan., May 5, 1862; Henry A. Jones, Company M, Second Wisconsin Cavalry, died at Vicksburg September 25, 1864; Adam Airis, Company B, Thirteenth Wisconsin, died at Lawrence, Kan., April 18, 1862; Nelson Butler, Company A, Thirteenth Wisconsin, died June 9, 1884; Charles Beaumont, Company B, Thirty-seventh

William H. Avijekler Military History Of Rock Couxty 387

Condensed from Love's "Wisconsin in the War." Louis Powell Harvey was born in East Haddon, Conn., July 22, 1820, and at eight years of age went with his parents to Strongville, Ohio. They were hard workers and trained him to manual labor, but he was eager for an education. Thrown upon his own resources before he was nineteen years old, he yet managed to enter the freshman class of the Western Reserve College at Hudson, Ohio, in 1837, but left at the end of the junior year on account of ill health. He was a favorite among his fellow students and left behind him the reputation of brilliant natural talent and a character without stain. After teaching two years in Kentucky he came to Southport (now Kenosha), Wis., in 1841, and in December, 1841, opened an academy there. Two years later he added the duties of editor of the Southport "American," a Whig paper, which he made spirited and vigorous. He was a temperance man, for a short term postmaster, and always interested in the public schools.

In 1847 he married Miss Cordelia Perrine and, moving to Clinton, Wis., began there mercantile life. Later he moved to Shopiere, Rock county, purchased the water-power, tore down the distillery that had cursed the village, and in its place built a flouring mill and established a retail store. Mainly by his influence and gifts the Congregational church there, to which he belonged, was housed in a neat stone edifice, and his uncle. Rev. 0. S. Powell, settled as its pastor. In the fall of 1853 Mr. Harvey was elected to the senate of Wisconsin, then to be secretary of State, and in the autumn of 1861 was made governor by a very large majority. Governor Harvey's message following his inauguration, the first annual message after the opening of the war. was declared equal to that of any executive Wisconsin ever had, and strongly upheld the national administration. He was a good public speaker and a man of great practical sense.