Rome, Georgia - History (part 14 of 17)

MISSIONS. - In various parts of Cherokee Georgia missions for teaching the Indians were established in 1816 under a Congressional appropriation of $10,000 yearly, which was probably increased. The nearest mission to the site of Rome was established in 1821 on the Quin place at Coosa, and was known as Missionary Station. Missionary Ridge, near Chattanooga, Tenn., is said to have taken its name from the Indian school there, known as Brainerd Mission. Another important mission was maintained at New Echota, Gordon County, capital of the Cherokee Nation, and still another at Spring Place, Murray County, both of which were taught by Rev. Samuel A. Worcester, of Vermont. Missionary Station was in charge of Rev. Elijah Butler and his wife, Mrs. Esther Butler, who were sent out by the American Baptist Committee on Foreign Missions, at S. Canaan, Conn.

"On Monday, the 10th Inst., Capt. Z. B. Hargrove's company, the 'Mitchell Guards,' assembled in "the City Hall for the purpose of receiving a beautiful flag from the hands of Miss Florence T. Mitchell, before departing from their homes for the tended field, and perhaps the field of blood. This is a fine, full company of vigorous^ looking men, that will make their mark some day. This makes the twelfth company that are now in the field from this county. Capt. Kerr's company will leave in a few days; also Capt. Haney's. These two companies will make fourteen companies from Floyd, and about 150 recruits. The war spirit is up, and old Floyd is 'spreading herself.' "

"Capt. Hargrove and Gentlemen of the Mitchell Guards: My father, in honor of whom your company of citizen soldiers has been named, has delegated me to present you this flag. He instructs me to tender to you his thanks, and assure you of his high regard for your partiality in the selection of a name for your company.

"My friends, your country is invaded by the foulest and most ruthless enemy known in the history of the civilized world; their impudent pretensions, their unspeakable barbarity, their vandal and revengeful spirit, in the accomplishment of their thieving and plundering objects have called you to the battlefield in defense of your country, your honor, your fathers, mothers, brothers and sisters, wives and children, your altars, and even your lives.

"Upon that battlefield you will doubtless carry this flag. When I look upon your bright volunteer faces, your stout hearts and strong arms, I feel that it is unnecessary to say that this flag will never be trailed in the dust before such a wicked, vandal foe while one of you is living. I read from every bright countenance now before me the united shout upon the bloody field, that may be just before you, 'Give me liberty or give me death!' Go, my friends, at the call of your country with hearts and arms nerved at the justice of our cause, and may the God of Battles go with you."

I have the honor to command, I accept at your fair hands this beautiful banner; I accept it, not only as a token of your regard for our company, but also the love and devotion which you have for the holy cause which we have espoused. In accepting this banner, permit me to say that not only I, but each and every member cf our company, will ever love and cherish it, and with our lives will ever defend its sacred folds. In the course of events this flag may be borne on a field of blood and carnage. If this should be the case, and troubles thrown about us from which there is no escape, we will remember this scene and this day, and ere its sacred folds are polluted by the foul touch of our enemy it shall be bathed in the bravest and best blood of our company. I love this banner because you have presented it to us. I love it for its beauty - I love it in remembrance of the glorious deeds and victories won under it at Oak Hill, Belmont, Leesburg, Bethel and Manassas Plains.

"But, more than all, I love it because it is the ensign of a nation struggling to perpetuate the liberties bequeathed to us by our fathers. Peimit me again to thank you and to say

"Permit me to say to you, my brave companions in arms, notwithstanding the dark clouds of gloom which seem to hang around us, though we may in the providence of God have to pass t?irough dark and bitter waters, ere we achieve our liberty, we are as sure of ultimate success as the justice of our cause, and with God as arbiter of nations - if we but do our duty. A cause like ours can never be surrendered! No, never! We are fighting for all that is worth living for - our country, our liberty, our altars, and our honor. We will all stand or fall together. A people united and determined to be free, as we are, can never be conquered.

"Our reverses at Roanoke and Donelson have kindled the fires of liberty afresh from the Potomac to the Rio Grande, which is burning with a blaze of glory from center to circumference. The tocsin of war is now sounding throughout the length and breadth of our land, and thousands of the chivalrous sons of the Sunny South are flocking to their country's standard and swearing eternal allegiance to the Stars and Bars. In this terrible struggle many of the bravest and best of us may die, but this is necessary that liberty may live. In this we say, the will of God be done. To you, my brave companions in arms, let me say when the hour of trial comes (as come it will) remember Leonidas and his 300 Spartans.

"And now to you, Lieut. Hanson, I commit this flag. It is unnecessary for me to say to you, guard and defend it as you would your honor. Resolve to fall a freeman rather than live a slave."

On receiving the flag, Lieut. Hanson replied: "I receive it to defend it, and the cause it represents; rather will I die than either shall be dishonored in my hands."

MOUNTAINS OF FLOYD COUNTY. - According to the "Rome Quadrangle" map of the United States Geological Survey, the highest point in Floyd County is the triangulation station on Lavender Mountain, a mile and a half southwest of Redmond Gap - 1,695 feet above sea level. The second highest is the southern tip of John's Mountain, in the extreme northern part of the county, between Crystal Springs and Floyd Springs - 1,549 feet. The third is Mt. Alto (Horseleg Mountain), four miles southwest of Rome - 1,529 feet. Others follow:

Turnip Mountain, an offshoot of the Lavender range, southwest of it and north of and overlooking the Coosa River at Camp's Bend; 1,000 feet.

Judy Mountain, two miles west of Turnip, and Turkey Mountain, two miles southeast of Floyd Springs, a mile and a half west of the Gordon County line, and belted on its eastern and southern sides by the Oostanaula River, are not labeled as to height.

The ridges inclosing Vann's and Ridge Valleys are from 600 to 1,000 feet in altitude, and a spur midway between Silver Creek and Chulio is 1,138 feet. The shaggy manes of several brown promontories shake benignly over Everett Springs from a height of 1,000 feet.

MUNICIPAL BUILDING (CITY HALL). - Location: West side of Broad Street, on northwest corner of Broad and Sixth Avenue, next to Carnegie Library. Work was begun Apr. 3, 1915, under the administration of Mayor J. D. Hanks, was continued under the administration of W. M. Gammon (first commissioner) and was finished under the administration of First Commissioner Chas. S. Pruden in 1916.

The Councilmen in office when the ground was broken were T. B. Broach, P. J. Mullen, L. F. McKoy, J. W. Keown, P. H. Vandiver, W. L. Daniel and F. W. Copeland. T. Edward Grafton was superintendent of public works, Sam S. King assistant, and Hugh McCrary secretary of the commission. Max Meyerhardt was city attorney. The aldermen were Cornelius Terhune, Chas. T. Jervis and C. O. Walden.

The architect was A. Ten Eyck Brown, of Atlanta. The J. F. DuPree Sons Co. were the general contractors. The Walker Electric & Plumbing Co. furnished the heating and plunibing apparatus, and the Rome Supply Co. did the electrical work.

The election for $100,000 of bonds was carried Dec. 28, 1914. The bonds were sold and the contract signed Mar. 31, 1915. An issue of $40,000 additional was authorized in 1916.

An unusual circumstance spurred far-seeing Romans to action in the purchase of the block of real estate on which the structure stands. Upper Broad Street and the surrounding neighborhood had always been used more or less by the negroes for their shops and to some extent for their homes and houses of worship. This section lay in the path of Rome's natural commercial expansion. Word was passed in 1907 that the colored people had raised a fund to buy the lot, and were planning to erect a Masonic lodge building. A Roman, who didn't have an umbrella, pulled on his galoshes and paddled around in the rain long enough to buy an option. Had he waited a day longer, the other trade would have been completed, and the Municipal Building and Carnegie Library would today be occupying different and probably less desirable sites.

NEVIN'S OPERA HOUSE. - Opened Oct. 1, 1880; destroyed by fire Dec. 31, 19J9. Was located between Woolworth store and Rome Supply Co. on Broad Street. Erected by Mitchell A. Nevin and Thos. H. Jonas at a cost of $21,000 and was managed by Mr. Nevin and Israel S. Jonas in the early days, and by Jas. B. Nevin later. Early booking was done by Frank P. O'Brien, of Birmingham and New York. Had seating capacity of 1,000. Most of the theatrical performances now showing in Rome use the City Auditorium.

RHODEF SHOLEM CONGREGATION ("Followers of Peace"). - Founded in 1871 by David Jacob Meyerhardt, father of Judge Max Meyerhardt, who officiated until his death in 1890. Jacob Kuttner then officiated until his death in 1905, at which time Isaac May assumed charge, and is the incumbent. The vice-president is Judge Max Meyerhardt and the secretary and treasurer Joe Esserman. M. Miller is the rabbi, and the trustees are Harry Lesser, Pressley Esserman and Jake Mendelson. Rabbi David Esserman served ft^om 1898 until 1916, when ill health forced him to resign. He died in 1917.

The congregation still worships in a rented hall in the Masonic Temple, but a building has been created which will be used later to ei-ect a handsome house of worship. The Sunday School, taught by Judge Max Meyerhardt, has a membership of nearly 60.

RIVERS OF FLOYD COUNTY. - The rivers which drain Floyd County flow in a generally southwestward direction; the Oostanaula and the Etowah unite at Rome to form the Coosa, which threads its way in a serpentine course through eastern Alabama until it joins the Tallapoosa near Wetumpka and Montgomery and then glides .into the Alabama River and finally loses itself in the Gulf of Mexico. The Etowah is not navigable. The Oostanaula admits small steamers as far upas Carter's Quarters, Murray County, 105 miles, w^hile the Coosa can be plied 250 miles, nearly to the junction with the Tallapoosa. Greensport is the extremity and Gadsden a popular inUnd port. The navigable extent of the two rivers is therefore 355 miles.

A keg placed in the Etowah at its source, if unobstructed, would reach Rome in about three days, as it would if set free in the Oostanaula, the flow being a rapid at the start, and rushing on at the rate of about seven miles an hour 100 miles up and calming down to two or three miles at Rome. Should a giant stand at the head waters of the Oostanaula, break a stone and drop half into the water, particles of it would be washed eventually into the Gulf of Mexico via Rome and Mobile Bay; if he should place the other ha-f of the rock in his sling and hurl it a quarter of a mile to another rushing stream, particles would be carried into the Toccoa River, then the Ocoee, then Hiwassee, then the Tennessee (past Chattanooga and Muscle Shoals) and finally into the Gulf at New Orleans by the majestic Mississippi. The sandy particles would find their way to Mobile Bay via Rome if cast into the Etowah, but if they should be slung into the gurgling Tesnatee, a tributary of the Chattahoochee, they would pass Atlanta and Columbus and ble discharged into the Gulf via the Appalachicola River and Appalachicola Bay.

Should a mischievous and adventurous hob-goblin mount the keg as it skimmed along the Etowah, he would not only see the muskrats, the fish, the eels and mussels at play, and the squirrels cracking nuts on the banks, but he would hear the farmers singing through the bottom land cornfields and the moonshiners droning over their mash. If he could stretch his neck a bit - so it would put his head above the tallest sycamore trees fringing the biank - he could gaze on Dahlonega, Lumpkin County; Dawsonville, Dawson County; Hightower, Forsyth County; Canton, Cherokee County; Cartersville and Kingston, Bartow County; and finally the arching spires of Rome.

he would take his start in the classic Cohutta Mountains in Fannin County, pass through a part of Polk and Bradley Counties, Tenn., then come back to Georgia, go within hailing distance of Dalton, Whitfield County, straddle the county line between Whitfield and Murray, pass Resaca and Calhoun in Gordon County, and amble on down to Rome; or if he took the Coosawattee branch of the Oostanaula he would start his impish journey on Cherrylog Creek, near Blue Ridge, Fannin County, bow his way into the Ellijay River, doff his purple velvet cap at Ellijay, Gilmer County, yell at Sam Carter at Carter's Quarters, Murray County, and enter the purling Oostanaula at Resaca, in Gordon.

After sailing along more slowly to Rome and the Mayo Bar Lock, eight miles below, the "little gamin would shoot the rapids beyond the lock and dam, and by the time he reached the mouth of Big Cedar Creek, near the Alabama line, he would be apt to hop off the keg, skip along the creek until he reached Cave Spring, and there explore the wonderful cave and play with the school children to his heart's content.

ROMANS IN CONGRESS. - The nresent senior Senator from Georgia, Wm. J. Harris, of Cedartown, was once a resident of Rome, and Milford W. Howard, who went to Congress in the nineties from Ft. Payne, Ala., was born in the DeSoto district, now the Fourth Ward. Mr. Howard wrote a book entitled "If Christ Came to Congress." This was such a scathing arraignment that when Mr. Howard arrived to resume his duties, his scat was contested by Speaker Thos. B. Reed and others.

In 1868 Dr. H. V. M. Miller was elected to the United States Senate from Atlanta, defeating Jos. E. Brown. He had removed from Rome the year before. He was not seated until a few days before his term expired.

The picture shows a "cotton patch" transplanted in Broad Street; year, 1916. Miss Frances Wright (Mrs. Julius Clyde Price) telling a crowd of Dixie and Forrest Highway tourists the advantages of good roads and diversified agriculture. James M. Cox, of Ohio, candidate for President in 1920, is in the automobile in the left foreground.

JOHN W. H. UNDERWOOD; 36th Congress, 1859-61; contemporaries: Martin J. Crawford, Lucius J. Gartrell, Thos. Hardeman, Jr., Joshua Hill, Jas. Jackson, John J. Jones, Peter E. Love. (On Jan. 23, 1861, the Georgia delegation retired from Congress, and

JUDSON C. CLEMENTS; 51st Congress, 1889-91; contemporaries: Geo. T. Barnes, Jas. H. Blount, Allen D. Candler, Henry H. Carlton, Chas. F. Crisp, Thos. W. Grimes, Rufus E. Lester, Jno. D. Stewart, Henry G. Turner. (Judge Clements removed to Rome in 1887 from LaFayette, Walker County, having been just returned to Congress from that point. At the next election he was living at Rome, but after his service in the 51st he declined re-election. While living in Walker he had served in the 47th through the 49th, 1881-7. In the 50th, 1887-9, he served with the same colleagues as in the 51st, except that Thos. M. Norwood was serving in the 50th, and was succeeded by Rufus E. Lester in the 51st).

F. Livingston, F. Carter Tate. Fiftysixth Congress, 1899-1901; contemporaries: Same as in 55th. Fifty-seventh Congress, 1901-3; contemporaries: Same as in 55th and 56th. Fiftyeighth Congi-ess, 1903-5; contemporaries: Same as in 55th, 56th and 57th except that Thos. W. Hardwick took the place of Wm. H. Fleming.

ROME FEMALE COLLEGE. - Founded about 1853 by Col. Simpson Fouche, as the Cherokee Female Institute. Col. Fouche conducted it until Jan. 1, 1857, when he was succeeded by Dr. and Mrs. Jno. M. M. Caldwell, who had previously operated a school for day students in their home, the old John Ross house, in the Fourth Ward. It was situated on the north side of Eighth Avenue where the Burney and Willingham homes are now located. After Mrs. Caldwell's death June 8, 1886, at the school. Dr. Caldwell continued the institution, but it finally passed into the hands of Dr. J. B. S. Holmes, who converted it into a private sanitarium, which burned down in the early nineties.

As claimed by the Caldwells and according to fact, the college was an outgrowth of the Institute, for in the larger institution boarding pupils were accepted, and they came from many states. It began its career under the auspices of the Presbyterian Synod of Georgia, but in 1860, along with similar institutions, passed into the ownership of Dr. Caldwell. A new charter was granted in July, 1877. The Synod again tried to obtain control in 1885.

The twenty-fifth anniversary was celebrated in 1882. On Sunday, June 4, the Rev. John Jones, president of the first board of trustees, delivered the baccalaureate address, and on commencement day, June 8, Dr. Caldwell spoke, and the Alumnae Society held a reunion at the college.

On Feb. 15, 1886, the art and music departments, dining room and kitchen were destroyed by fire, with a loss of a valuable collection of art treasures, the accumulation of 25 years. The building loss was soon restored.

The booklet of 1886 lists the following faculty: Dr. Caldwell, president and professor of Evidences of Christianity; Samuel Craighead Caldwell* vice-president and professor of metaphysics, natural science and higher mathematics; Mrs. S. C. Caldwell, lady principal and in charge of dormitories; Miss Ella Young, Latin and Belles- Letters; Miss S. P. Barker, elocution, reading and English Composition; Prof. A. Buttel, principal of music department; Madame A. Buttel, French and German; Miss Ella Bailey, art; S. C. Caldwell, secretary and treasurer. Among other teachers of various periods might be mentioned Mrs. Arthur W. Tedcastle, of Boston. The school maintained a primary department as well as the advanced grades.

ROME LIGHT GUARDS. - This Civil War company was formed as soon as the war clouds began to gather definitely - in 1858 - by Edward Jones Magruder, a graduate of the Virginia Miltary Institute at Lexington, Va., and who in later years taught a military school at Rome. The following muster roll was taken from The Rome Tri-Weekly Courier of Tuesday morning, May 28, 1861. A few recruits have been added to The Courier list:

F. M. Ezzell R. T. Fouche J. A. Franks W. F. Glenn A. F. Gregory Z. B. Hargrove A. R. Johnson C. L. Johnson Joe Johnson J. D. Jones S. R. Jones M. Kauffman

Geo. C. Norton W. F. Omberg W. M. Payne Jno. Pinson C. A. Rush J. F. Shelton W. J. Shockley J. A. Smith H. A. Smith J. A. Stephenson V. A. Stewart T. W. Swank

The Reserve Recruiting Corps was composed of A. E. Ross, secretary and treasurer; W. H. Collier, Jno. R. Paye, H. C. Miner and J. L. Pinson. * * * at various periods during 1864. Brig. Gen. Jefferson Columbus Davis was commanding the right wing of Sherman's army when it entered Rome for the first time May 18. He personally supervised battery work from the new Shorter College hill in West Rome, and drove the Confederates off Ft. Stovall (Myrtle Hill cemetery), for which "gallant and meritorious conduct" he was cited in general orders. A story is told that he tried the ruse of taking a woman - Mrs. Lizzie Roach Hughes - to the top of Shorter hill, saying to her that they would go up and see whether any Confederates were left in Rome, but in reality, it was claimed, thinking the "Rebs" wouldn't fire with a woman present. As soon as the Confederates made out the general and Mrs. Roach through their glasses, they sent a shell screeching overhead.

Gen. Davis was a native of Indiana, born in 1828, and came out of the Mexican War as a lieutenant, having distinguished himself at Buena Vista. He was a member of the garrison which burned Ft. Moultrie before the fall of

Ft. Sumter in 1861, and his record throughout the war was one of conspicuous gallantry. He was mustered out as a major general. On Sept. 29, 1862, he had the misfortune to engage in an altercation over military matters with Gen. Wm. Nelson at the Gait House, Louisville, Ky., and shot Gen. Nelson dead with a pistol. He was arrested, but restored to duty and was never tried. He died at Chicago in 1879.

After five days in Rome, Gen. Davis hurried on in the pursuit of Gen. Jos. E. Johnston's army, and fought May 26 at New Hope church, near Dallas. He left Brig. Gen. Wm. Vandever in command. Gen. Vandever set up headquarters in the James M. Spullock home, 911 Broad Street. Gen. Vandever was a native of Baltimore, and was 47 years old when he was at Rome. He had lived a while in Illinois, and when the war broke out was serving in Congress from the Dubuque district of Iowa. He resigned his seat in Congress and entered the war. His men traveled 45 miles March 5, 1862, and turned the tide at Pea Ridge, Ark., the next day, and on a number of occasions later he was cited, and was discharged with the rank of brevet major general. After the war he removed to California, where he was again elected to Congress, and he died in 1893 at Buena Ventura at 77 years of age.

Gen. Vandever also soon hurried on with his command and left Rome to Brig. Gen. Jno. Murry Corse, who moved headquarters to the Hood-Cumming-Feathersto'n-Rixie place at 709 Broad, and soon thereafter to the home of Maj. Chas. H. Smith at 312 Fourth Avenue, where the home of Mrs. Chas. A. Hight is now located. For four and a half months Gen. Corse ruled over Rome; he was not as popular with the citizens as Gen. Davis or Gen. Vandever, due, perhaps, to the fact that the heavy work of the occupation fell to his lot. Atlanta had been taken Sept. 2, 1864, and Sherman was chasing Hood northward along the W. & A. railroad. Gen. Corse had been ordered to withdraw his garrison of 1,054 men from Rome and to reinforce Col. Tourtelotte at Allatoona Pass, Bartow County. Corse arrived Oct. 5 and he and Tourtelotte were beset by a superior force under Maj. Gen. S. G. French. Before the onslaught Gen. French demanded surrender, but Corse returned a defiant answer. While lying seriously wounded. Corse directed his part of the fight, and finally received a signal message over the heads of the Confederates from Gen. Vandever, "Sherman says 'Hold on; I am coming.' " Corse continued the fight, and was saved when Sherman came up from Kennesaw Mountain; and the Confederates, now outnumbered, withdrew.

Gen. Corse was a native of Pennsylvania but went into the Federal army from Iowa. He was born about 1832, and started his military career at West Point. He was cited for his conduct at Allatoona Pass and was breveted major general before he was mustered out. He died Apr. 27, 1893. It was Gen. Corse and his men, acting under direct orders of Gen. Sherman, who destroyed Kingston by fire as the Union columns swung into line on the March to the Sea.

Gen. Wm. T. Sherman came into the picture after the other three. He had his headquarters at the Smith home on two occasions. His diary mentions that he went from Kingston to Rome Nov. 12, 1864, and on the 14th was before Resaca, 30 miles away, so he may have spent the night in Rome and left the next morning, the 13th. The diary of R. S. Norton, father of Mrs. Wm. M. Towers, states that Sherman and his staff entered Rome the night of Oct. 29, 1864; on this occasion he is supposed to have remained two and a half days. He went back to Kingston.

Sherman left Rome in charge of Gen. Davis. This marked the beginning of the evacuation of Rome, and it started at 5 a. m. Nov. 10, according to the Norton diary, with a bonfire made out of Rome business and manufacturing establishments. It was Gen. Davis' duty to carry out Sherman's orders to burn certain valuable structures; however, it is understood that Gen. Jno. M. Corse, serving under Gen. Davis, actually applied the torch.

A fifth Federal commander appeared on the scene after the war. He was Capt. Chas. A. de la Mesa, of Co. I, 39th New York Infantry during the hostilities. On June 20, 1865, Capt. de la Mesa opened the Freedmen's Bureau on Broad Street and took charge as reconstruction commander, with several companies of troops.* His position was difficult with so many postwar antagonisms, and he participated in a number of narrow escapes from the infuriated citizenry. He served two or three years. After his death, thought to have taken place in Brooklyn, N. Y., his widow, Francis A. M. de la Mesa, married Chas. H. Terry, late assistant surgeon of the 13th New York cavalry. She died Mar. 9, 1920. The de la Mesas lived at the bureau.

When Gen. Davis came back to Rome after the fall of Atlanta,** he called on Mrs. Robt. Battey on First Avenue, dismissing his orderly at the front door. Also paying a call were Mr. and Mrs. Addison Maupin, Virginia people and neighbors. Mr. Maupin kept a drug store at Rome with J. H. Nowlin, under the firm name of Nowlin & Maupin. He had a herd of cows and had been selling milk to the soldiers, and had had trouble protecting the herd from thieves.

Present also and a witness to this conversation was Wm. H. Smith, a cousin of Wm. Smith and Mrs. Battey, who from July, 1868, until November, 1870, served as reconstruction governor of Alabama. Wm. H. Smith was a Union man and came to Rome in the wake of Sherman's army. He spent three months in the Battey home.

Mrs. Battey was an invalid at this time, with several small children to care for, and Gen. Davis gave her a guard of two soldiers to keep marauders from tearing away her fences and stealing her things. She soon repaid him for his kindness. Overhearing a plot among some of his own soldiers to kill him (whether as an echo from the Nelson affair is not known), she sent for him and warned him. It seems that Gen. Davis was expected to pass a certain spot near the Burwell Creek bridge on the Oostanaula River road, and here the assassins were due to have been waiting.

Gen. Davis sent a patrol squad and they brought back a number of suits of Confederate clothing, found hidden in a hollow log. From the evidence it appeared that the plotters had ex^ pected to kill Gen. Davis and throw his body into the river, then to don the gray uniforms and take to the woods. In some manner word got to them that Gen. Davis was aware of their game, and they failed to gather at the meeting place, and probably finished the war under his command. Gen. Davis told his riends his escape was exceedingly narrow.

It may be appropriate to append here a short sketch of Col. Abel D. Streight, who, though not a "military ruler of Rome," knew the place through his visit May 3, 1863 as the "guest" of Gen. Forrest:*

Abel D. Streight was born June 17, 1828, in Steuben Co., N. Y. He learned the carpenter's trade, and at the age of 19 took a contract for a large mill, which he successfully completed. He purchased a sawmill and engaged in the lumber business at Wheeler, N. Y., until 1858, when he moved to Cincinnati. The following year he removed to Indianapolis and engaged in publishing. He published a pamphlet, urging the preservation of the Union at all hazards. In Sept., 1861, he joined the army as Colonel of the 51st Indiana Volunteer Infantry. In April, 1863, Streight was sent by Rosecrans with a force of men to cut the railroads in western Georgia, over which supplies were being sent to Bragg's army. The force divided and Streight was overtaken and forced to surrender to a force under General Fondest. He was imprisoned in Libby prison for eight months, when he escaped. He was recaptured and put in irons in a dungeon. On Feb. 8, 1864, he escaped with 108 others through a tunnel under the prison wall. After a few weeks in Indianapolis he went to the front again.

ROUND TABLE CLUB. - A literary organization founded Dec. 21, 1860 on "The Hill" (probably the home of Col. Nicholas J. Bayard), with Henry A. Gartrell president and George Trippe Stovall secretary, and the following other members: Misses Florida Bayard, Mary Billups, Ellen and Martha Cooley, Mary Cothran, Eddie Magruder, Sallie Park, Laura and Mary Smith, Annie Jeffers and Ellen Stovall, and Messrs. I. H. Branham, Melville Dwinell, Geo. C. and Chas. B. Norton, Wm. L. Skidmore, Henry A. Smith and W. H. Jeffers. * * *

SARDIS VOLUNTEERS. - This Civil War company was formed at Sardis Presbyterian church, Coosa, May 9, 1861, and was mustered into the service at Lynchburg, Va., June 11, 1861, by Major Clag. The following muster roll was completed Dec. 25, 1894, by Curtis Green, of Oglesby, Tex., a member who still survives; and Mas authenticated by a survivor:

Transferred from Infantry to Cavalry Battalion, Smith's Legion, Bartizan Rangers, 1862, under command of Col. J. I. Smith and Adjutant Edward R. Hardin: Jno. R. Hart, Lieut.-Col.; B. F. Brown, Major; B. F. Chastain, Adjutant; A. F. Bale, Capt. Co. C.

Singers And Musicians Of

Among the "informals" who sing a good deal, but usually outside of the churches, might be mentioned Joe Patton, Fred and Cyril Hull, Felton Mitchell and Arthur West. Mr. West is also an accomplished 'cellist.

Rome is essentially a musical town, and talent is being developed that will no doubt some day be heard wherever music is in demand. The Music Lovers' Clubs, under the capable direction of Mrs. Frederic E. Vaissiere, Mrs. Wm. P. Harbin, Miss Lula Warner and others, have greatly stimulated the interest in things musical;, and Mrs. Vaissiere's capabilities have been twice recognized through her elevation to the presidency of the State Federated Musical Clubs, a position she now holds.

In the spring of 1922 the First Methodist church, Rev. Wallace Rogers, pastor, started Sunday evening orchestral concerts under the direction of Miss Helen Rhodes.

and popular song entitled "Your Picture," dedicated to Miss Edith Allen, now his wife. His mother, Mrs. E. S. Nixon, is the pianist of the three, and his sister, Mrs. Lucia Nixon McKay, plays the violin, and also teaches it capably. Mrs. Paul Nixon teaches piano. The Nixons came ftom Nashville, Tenn. Paul belongs in a musical center like New York and will no doubt be called there, so his friends declare.

A younger group are "The Three Musical Harbins." William and Lester, sons of Dr. and Mrs. Wm. P. Harbin, who play the violin and the 'cello, respectively, and Rosa Harbin, daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Robt. M. Harbin, who is quite an accomplished young pianist.

Other players, most of whom have been teaching some time, include Misses Debby Moses and Clara Shahan, piano; Margaret Wilkerson (pupil of Geo. Friar Lindner), violin and piano; Mrs. H. B. Goff, violin, and Miss Amelia Berry, piano.

SPRINGS IN FLOYD COUNTY. - (Partial list) - There are four things that are primarily necessary to life and comfort. The first is air, the second water, the third food and the fourth clothing. It is easy to understand, therefore, that the Indian tribes laid great store by bubbling springs of water when they settled in Northwest Georgia. When the Ridges drove their stakes in the fertile soil of Ridge Valley, where the Rush place is situated, a spring boiled forth its refreshing product nearby; and when Major Ridge removed to the Oostanaula Riv. er, nearer Rome, he still had the use of Reece's Spring, near the city pumping station, and his son, John, removed to three miles north of Rome, where the spring was called "Tantatanara" (Running Waters). Likewise, the Belgian Colony, more than 50 years later, chose some of the best oases in the countryside. Today picnic parties claim them, and as long as they flow clear, cold and pure they will attract man, bird and beast. Here are some of the better known springs:

Morrison's Camp Ground Spring, eight miles north, on Kingston Road, is the chief headwater of Dykes' Creek. It flows 10,000,000 gallons daily, the largest in the county, and is said to be as high as the top of the old water tower at Rome.

Dr. Louis Mathieu Edguard Berck

Lovers' Leap Spring, on the N., C. & St. L. railroad and Etowah River near the Southern railway bridge and a rocky bluff, one mile east of Rome.

Silver Creek Springs, part of head water of Silver Creek, seven miles southeast of Rome on the Atlanta Division of the Southern railway. (Woodrow Wilson once took his first wife to this spot on a picnic).

Lytle Spring (formerly the Jonas King Spring) , near the Anchor Duck Mill on East Main Street, South Rome, opposite the W. W. Woodruff home. (This spring, once in Lytle Park, was covered over and piped down to Silver Creek to make way for the mill's residence development) .

Burwell Spring, which rises in North Rome and forms Burwell Creek, which empties into the Oostanaula a quarter of a mile above the court house.

"Glen Alto," Dr. Jno. F. Lawrence's radio-active mineral spring, on a gentle slope near the southwestern extremity of Mt. Alto, a mile west of the Coosa River Road. This site lends itself naturally to an extensive development, a start toward which has been made in the erection of a number of cottages for the use of summer sojourners.

Cave Spring, located at the town of that name sixteen miles southwest of Rome, and which flows into Little Cedar Creek and then into Big Cedar Creek and then into the Coosa River near the Alabama line. This spring is the second largest in the county and one of the most beautiful anywhere. It is smaller than the City Park Spring at Huntsville, Ala., but in its natural effects surpasses it. The flow from this spring is 3,444,846 gallons every 24 hours, or 143,535 gallons per hour. The fall is considerable and a ram lifts enough water 100 feet to a concrete reservoir on the overhanging cliff to supply Cave Spring with water at practically no cost.

Vann's Valley is also well supplied with springs. One is Cress Spring, on Wm. S. Gibbons' place on the Cave Spring Road. This takes its name from the water cress that carpets the marsh where the spring has its source. The flow has been confined in a race and a wheel installed by an enterprising farmer who has developed about one horsepower, enough to furnish electric power for all the needs of his nearby dwelling. Yancey's and Jones' Springs are also in the valley.

Spout Spring, located between Foster's Mill and Cave Spring, was once owned by Prof. Wesley O. Connor. This is a stream as big as a man's arm which leaps out of a rock and falls several feet and disappears into

At Black's Bluff, three miles down the Coosa River south of Rome, is a spring that issues from rock, snakes its way under the road and appears again as a spring within 40 feet of the river. A spring at the southern end of the bluff is a favorite site for barbecues.

TOWER CLOCK. - Located on Tower Hill, southeast corner of Filth Avenue and East Second Street, on city property which also includes the Neely Grammar School. Mrs. Naomi P. Bale ("Grandma Georgy") was authority

"The water tower was built by John W. Noble for the city at a cost of $107,000. The clock was made by the Howard Clock Co., of Boston, Mass., and with the bell cost $1,200. J. E. Veal placed the clock on the tower in 1871 and was timekeeper for five years; T. S. Wood kept time five years; M. D. McOsker, ten years; Clip Williamson, twelve years; R. V. Allen is now responsible for correct time."

For many years the tower served the city with water pumped from the station on the Etowah River at Fourth Avenue, but the water now comes from the Ft. Jackson station, and the tower is no longer used. The tower is nearly 100 feet high and affords a commanding view of the surrounding country. It is the first thing people see from all directions on approaching Rome. Several couples, seeking romance, have been married near its top.

Big Texas, runs northeast and southwest ten miles, from Fouche to Crystal Springs,^ with Simms' Mountain marking its upper border and Rock Mountain its lower, separating it from Little Texas Valley. It is bisected by Heath Creek.

Little Texas, runs generally parallel to Big Texas, but at its southwestern end bends northward around Rock Mountain to Fouche, and etends to Armuchee, twelve miles. It is bisected by Lavender Creek. Lavender Mountain to the southeast separates it from the Flat Woods.

Ridge, named after Major Ridge, the Indian chief, extends twelve miles, from Rome northeast to Plainville, Gordon County. Armstrong Mountain forms one of its outer edges. It is bisected by the Southern railway.

Vann's, named after David Vann, the Indian sub-chief, extends southwestward from Six Mile Station to Cave Spring, ten miles. It is bisected by the Southern railway and at its Cave Spring end is broken by Little Cedar Creek.

YOUNG MEN'S LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. - The Carnegie Library of Rome is an outgrowth of an association formed Feb. 10, 1879, in the law office of Wright & Featherston, with the following Romans present: Rev. Clement A. Evans, Rev. G. A. Nunnally, Jno. J. Black, Robt. T. Hargi-ove, t. L. Robinson, Dr. J. B. S. Holmes, E. A. Williams, Max Meyerhardt, R. A. Denny, R. T. Baker, Dr. E. P. Lovelace, J. G. Yeiser, Hugh B. Parks, Junius F. Hillyer, Jno. R. Towers, Jr., Park Harper, Walker W. Brookes, Freeman Shropshire, C. L. Omberg, Sam C. Caldwell, H. S. Garlington, C. N. Featherston, C. A. Thornwell and Dr. R. I. Hampton. More than $100 was subscribed by those present to start the movement.

Mr. Caldwell was elected president, Mr. Hillyer vice-president, Mr. Meyerhardt secretary, and Mr. Denny treasurer. R. T. Baker was elected librarian. Mr. Caldwell served two years; E. A. Williams was president from May to October, 1880, when he died; Mr. Hillyer filled the unexpired term and was re-elected; Mr. Black, A. R. Sullivan and J. A. Rounsaville held the position one year; and J. F. Shanklin was serving his second year in 1888.

An account of 1888 says: "The courage of the projectors who dared to inaugurate this movement is already vindicated, and is a strong evidence that the interests of the young men of this community are not altogether material. The organization grew until there were 350 members and 14,000 books and pamphlets."

"The most powerful auxiliary that has contributed to the success of the iissociation has been the everWready hand of woman. Up to 1886 it has been the policy of the board to employ only male librarians, but that policy was then changed, and Miss Hallie Alexander was elected librarian. The change was a happy one. She soon increased the circulation of books and the usefulness of the library by demonstrating that a librarian is not a mere 'keeper of books,' but is largely instrumental in stimulating and directing the mental activities of a community. Miss Alexander resigned Sept. 1, 1887, and was succeeded by Miss Nellie Ayer, whose administration was rewarded by the same success. Miss Ayer died in August, 1888; she left upon the community the impress of a life devoted to duty. Miss Lilla Morrel, a young lady of splendid attainments, succeeded her."

The photographs show groups of Boy Scouts in their contests on Labor Day, September 5, 1921. These sports are held annually at the junction of the rivers, and are witnessed by thousands of people, principally from Myrtle Park, at the northern foot of Myrtle Hill cemetery. Near the top is the Boy Scout barge "Sequoyah" and elsewhere groups of the Eagle and Hawthorne troops of Girl Scouts.

SCOUTS EXPLORE DEEP CAVE - Excitement a-plenty attended the allday hike of Boy Scouts yesterday to the neighborhood of Black's Bluff and "the place whore the Jaybird Jarred the Mountain." "The White Team" fought the "Red Team" for possession of the hilltop, conquered them and put them on the ladder's lower rung for the day. Cyril Hull, ambitious and daring young son of Howard Hull, of Shorter College, explored a wild and wooly cave, and James Glover, an incorrigible scout, collapsed after taking a strenuous part in the battle, the tug-of-war and two foot races.

W. M. Barnett, H. F. Joyner, and G. E. Bennett, the three flying parsons, were pretty well fagged out from the heart-breaking dose of hiking given them by the boys.

Eighty-two scouts lined up behind the colors at 9 o'clock at Broad and Third avenue. As soon as one of the scouts had run around the corner with a kodak they stepped off in column of fours across the South Rome bridge, leaving a lot of office boys and messenger boys with heavy hearts behind.

One little lad with a leg shorter than the other carried a cocoanut to feast upon. Others were laden with all kinds of grub and plastered with all varieties of cooking utensils as well as scout paraphernalia. First hike that all the scouts of Rome had been invited to take together, and everybody was proud.

Two miles from the Bluff sealed orders were opened and the troopsmen told where lay the objective point. The bunch were divided, pathfinders and signalmen were sent ahead to reconnoiter, and the scouts followed trails that existed and made trails that did not. By their more favorable detour the Whites beat the Reds to the hill peak and thus became the defenders when their wild Indian rivals hove into sight. The game was to hold a shambattle and score on points. Arm bands snatched off counted so many dead scouts. A scout taken along with his arm band and brought into camp was a prisoner. The Whites won with a margin of seven scout prisoners and deceased, when -

Discipline suffered as the 82 scouts and three officials gathered around a depression in the earth pretty well covered with brush. Below the face of the bluff the Coosa wound in a silver thread toward the Alabama line.

The rope had been bought of the Nixon Hardware Co. at the outset and it looked to be 100 feet long; a conservative estimate put it at 75. In a jiffy the rope had been secured about Cyril's waist just below his palpitating heart, and after the opposite end had been tied to a tree and a dozen scouts, re-inforced by 70 more, had seized the rope, Cyril was shoved into the aperture. They fed him rope until none was left. "Gimme more rope," signaled the scout in the scouts' own peculiar way.

"You're at the end of it," signaled back the boys out in the day-light. Cyril cut into the side of the cave with his hatchet, shot a flood of light downward with his flash-light, and kicked against the sides as he dangled, when suddenly, without warning, somebody shouted from quarter of a mile below,

The boys had begun to pull Cyril out already and just as his posteriority appeared at the opening, followed by his hair and hatchet, a farmer rushed up waving his arms.

The boys threw the brush back and beat it to the camp, since it was time for chow. They prepared a fine dinner, stayed until after dark and lit up the campfires, on which they cooked supper, consisting of hot dogs and toasted marshmallows. The boy with one leg shorter than it really ought to be did not eat anything hot; he was too busy gnawing away at his cold cocoanut.

About 6:30 o'clock the scouts stumbled down the mountain side and came home, voting the day the best ever spent, and wanting very much to go again without waiting a life-time. James Glover had entirely recovered from his collapse and finished strong. - Dec. 12, 1920.

Activities Among The Boy And Girl Scouts Of Rome

A well-kept Boy Scout tent; Frank Holbrook's Steamer "Annie H."; Scout leaders and Rome troops ready for a hike; Scouts competing at Hamilton Field; Eagle Troop of Girl Scouts on steps of Carnegie Library. The same natural beauties and advantages that attracted the Indians of "Cherokee Georgia" now make scouting a fruitful pastime.

SCOUT WORK BOOMING - In making my 1920 and first report to the Cherokee Council I heg to submit the following: Upon our arrival Sept. 15, to take charge of the work of the Boy Scouts in Floyd county under the Cherokee Council, we found four regularly organized troops with 85 registered scouts. Troop No. 4, which had previ- )usly been registered, had disbanded iuring the summer because the scoutmaster moved from the city. This troup, however, had only six registered scouts.

Seven new troops have been organized, and seven scoutmasters and four assistant scoutmasters have been commissioned as leaders of these new troops. The total number of additional scouts that have been registered, including leaders, is 161. Only four scouts have dropped out of scouting since Sept. 15, which leaves a total of 250 registered leaders and scouts now under the council.

The council is very fortunate in being able to secure the splendid men who are now the leaders of these troops. There is being conducted a Scout Leaders' Training Course at scout headquarters every Monday night for the benefit of the troop leaders and others who desire to know the scout program.

A total of 184 scouts registered and were on duty during the Noith Georgia Fair which was held at the fair gfrounds Oct. 11-16; 40 first aid cases were taken care of by the scouts; 20 lost children were found. The scouts acted as messengers, assisted the police to handle the crowds at the races and at the fireworks at night, acted as ushers at the grandstand, and helped to inflate the balloon each day for the ascension. At the request of the government officials at Washington a squad of scouts were on duty at the United States Agricultural Building every day. During the six days' work the scouts did hundreds of good turns and in every task assigned to them they lived up to the scout motto: "Be Prepared."

Fifteen scouts were on duty one day putting up Red Cross posters; 80 scouts reported on Armistice Day to take part in the exercises conducted by the American Legion; 20 scouts distributed literature advertising the sale of the Red Cross Christmas stamps; 18 scouts assisted at the Christmas tree given for the poor children at the Auditorium on Christmas Eve. A number of scouts worked several days gathering bundles of clothing for the poor, to be distributed by the Red Cross.

The scouts under the Cherokee Council have never failed to respond to the call for service, and always stand ready to be of assistance to the city or community.

On Dec. 11, 85 scouts under the leadership of Commissioner W. M. Barnett, Scoutmaster Rev. H. F. Joyner, and the Scout Executive, went on an all day hike to Black's Bluff and spent the day in scouting. This council is highly favored with being in the midst of such a wonderful country for scouting. With headquarters at Rome - Rome the beautiful - beautiful for situation, with her glorious sunsets, her majestic rivers winding their way through her borders as they hasten on their journey toward the sea, her surrounding green clad hills and mountains with their hundreds of sparkling brooks and gushing springs - all seem to have been designed by the Great Master Builder of the universe as an ideal place for our boys to go out and come in touch with the great out-ofdoors and learn lessons that they cannot obtain from books. The scouts under this council are taking advantage of these opportunities and every troop has taken an average of one hike each month, either all night, all day or afternoon, in open air scouting. - Jan. 9, 1921.

HOW TO BE MEN - One of the most powerful talks ever heard in Rome on Ijoy culture was delivered Tuesday night to an audience of 500 at the Auditorium by Prof. W. A. Sutton, principal of the Tech High School and Atlanta Scout Commissioner, and Prof. Sutton immediately received an invitation from G. E. Bennett, local scout executive, the Rev. H. F. Saumenig, who introduced him, and Robt. W. Graves, who also sat on the stage, to come back again in the near future.

Water Sports On Labor Day, Sept. 5, 1921

At top is Rex Culpepper's "Nell" passing under Second Avenue bridge, and bottom, Fred Hoffman's "A. M. L." winning race. In lower center, Ed. King's Boy Scout barge "Sequoyah" making knots. Lower center, right, the Daniel boat underway. Scouts and others are elsewhere seen in characteristic attitudes.

Prof. Sutton's talk followed one he had made a few hours before at a luncheon tendered him by the Rome Kiwanis Club at the Hotel Forrest, in which his points were very much the same. He gave seven stages in the making of a man, saying that some boys pass through all and make great men, but that some people who pass for men never pass through any.

To the fathers he said they should know their Boy Scout sons, go on hikes with them and advise them throughout. "Two things are necessary to getting along with boys," he declared. "One is honesty and sincerity and the other is a sense of humor."

Mr. Sutton told the boys to keep their bodies clean, to have reverence and respect for their elders, to be industrious, to be mentally alert, to be helpful to other people, to do their best at every try, to love their Creator, and never to give up.

"When a good thought comes into your head, write it down, boys. Some people who don't know any better will say you are crazy. Pay no attention to them. Make something out of yourself if you die in the attempt. An English boy named Thomas Watt watched his mother's tea-kettle boiling. The top danced around when the steam lifted it. He poured a little cold water in, and the dancing stopped. Then he wrote in his note book, 'There is something in hot water that is not in cold.* Later he made the steam engine.

"Thomas A. Edison was a profiteer in the Civil war. He bought newspapers telling of the Battle of Gettysburg for ten cents and sold them for $5. From the boat that took him across the bay with his papers he would yell to the waiting people, 'I'm coming!' and his voice came back to him in an echo. He wrote in his badly-worn note book, 'There is something in the curvature of the earth that causes the human voice to rebound.' Years later he perfected the phonograph.

"When the Wright boys of Toledo saw a buzzard fly through the sky, they asked why human beings with more intelligence than buzzards could not do the same. 'Let's fly' suggested Wilbur. 'All right.' agreed Orville. Their father mortgaged his farm so the boys could build a model. People of narrow vision said all of them were crazy. The boys wrote the government at Washington that they would like to give their device to their country, and the government wrote back that it didn't have time to bother with any more foolish

"A man propounded the theory that the bite of the mosquito stegomyia fasciata caused yellow fever. He went to Cuba, let this type of mosquito bite him, and died, but his death caused millions to be saved. Needn't be afraid to die, boys, if you can give something like that to the world. Dare to do, boys. Don't be balked by petty objections from people too small to appreciate big things. Money does not make manhood. If a boy is good-looking and his father has money, he's got a poor chance to succeed."

Mr. Sutton declared he enjoyed seeing a little boy draw his biceps up into a hard knot and feel it to see if his muscles were growing. "That boy wants to develop and make himself into a man," asserted the speaker. "I believe in occasional fist fights to develop boys, but not as an every-day diversion. Where boys hold grudges against each other the best way for them to forget it is to pummel each other and shake hands. If you develop the physical you may never have to use it, but you are always prepared for a bully or one who wants to take advantage of you. If you are a good Scout you will never need to smoke cigarettes or drink whiskey or otherwise tear down your health. Keep yourself clean. Be a man."

The Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts were entertained in this f asion for more than an hour, and their enjoyment was attested by the heartiness in their handclaps, for they cheered Prof. Sutton a full minute when he concluded. Prof. Sutton complimented the youthful musicians in the orchestra and said Rome is an ideal location for scouting.

The Pine Tree Patrol of Scouts went through a drill in the scout creed, consisting of a repetition of scout lines and the lighting of candles on a preparedness design by each scout on the stage. - Feb. 9, 1921.

TWO "WILD CATS" TAMED - Scout Executive G. E. Bennett told today of how he and a small group of Boy Scouts, including a visitor from Washington. D. C, Friday captured two gray cats which had been penned up in a house on West Fifth street. Fourth Ward, without food or water during the freshet.

"The house dweller had gone into town with his wife and eight-days-old baby and left the cats penned up," stated Mr. Bennett. "Man, they were wild. We had to catch them and they fought hard for nearly half an hour,

Indian Canoes Give Way To Chugging Motor Boats

A wag once remarked that if Atlanta had the Coosa at Five Points she would anchor a battleship there in a fortnight. Romans prefer smaller craft. 1 - School girls ready for a motor boat ride. 2 and 7 - Girl Scouts. 3, 4, 5 and 6 - Boy Scout, "flagship" of "Snake-Doctor Fleet." 8 - Holmes Smith's boat. 9 and 10 - Annie H. 11 - Steamer Cherokee of Rome.

dashing desperately up the sides of the house, jumping and running into bureau drawers. Two fingers of a glove I was wearing were torn off and a rent made in the palm of the other."

After the cats had been caught they were taken to high land and left with a neighbor of the owner, who fed them and gave them drink. - Felo. 14, 1921.

TWENTY-FOUR ENJOY TRIP - Fifteen Boy and Girl Scouts and nine others went on a trip up the Oostanaula river on Capt. Frank Holbrook's "steamer" Annie H, and returned at 7:50 o'clock last night. They all had a good time and no mishaps.

The boat left the Second avenue bridge at 3:30 p. m., half an hour after the sailing time, and arived at Whitmore's Bluff at 5:30 p. m. As the evening shadows were near, only half an hour was spent ashore, and this was taken up exploring the rocky bluff and eating picnic lunch. At 6 o'clock the little steamer shoved off for town under a canopy of stars and beams from a half moon that shone brightly on the water. Singing and guitar music kept the crowd lively going back.

On the way up, a motor boat man in the "Emmagene H." ran ahead of the steamer and shot several dive-dappers and ducks which he took ashore about five miles up and gave to some men camping on the bank. At the bluff the Scouts were greeted by more little boy "Brownies" who were camping out at that point.

The burden-bearing Boy Scouts were Robert Shahan, who makes fire by friction; Joe Fickling, Alfred Spears, James Barton and Robert Norton. These boys made themselves useful about the boat in accordance with ship rules; carried the "plunder" on and off the boat and in many ways proved indispensable.

Mrs. James Maddox assisted Miss Adelene Bowie with the Girl Scouts, who included Dorothy and May Morton, Martha Porter, Sinclair Norton, Martha Ledbetter, Dot Harrison. Kathrine Allen Thelma Davis, Joy Shackelton and Florence Morgan. Other guests were Misses Allene Burney, Marshall Norton, Lucie Daniel and Ethnel Morton, making a total of 24 on board.

Eleven Girl Scouts got left because three of them had to go home for lunches and the rest waited at Curry-Arrington's corner. - Apr. 15, 1921.

SECOND RIVER TRIP TAKEN - The second party of a series to points around Rome will shove off Thursday afternoon at 3 o'clock from the Fourth Ward side of the Second avenue (Land Company) bridge over the Oostanaula river, on the Good Ship Annie H., Frank Holbrook, skipper.

As on Thursday, April 14, the destination will be Whitmore's Bluff, about nine miles up, and a group of Girl and Boy Scouts who did not get to go the first time will be taken. The girls are mostly Mrs. Holmes Cheney's and Miss Amelia Berry's Eagle Troop, and Miss Adelene Bowie's Hawthorne Troop, and the burden-bearing Boy Scouts will be chosen from several troops.

Whitmore's Bluff is a beautiful promontory which projects a shaggy chin over the winding Oostanaula. Its face is gray with a mass of native boulders which contain shelves and landing places. The top affords a fine view of the surrounding terrain.

Daniel R. Mitchell, who named Rome, had a plantation of 2,500 acres on the Oostanaula. Whitmore's Bluff was part of it. In 1863, when the Civil War was at its fiercest, he was offered $60,000 in gold or $80,000 in Confederate money for it. The fortunes of the Confederacy were never higher. He took the Confederate money. In another year his money was almost without value. Seaborn and Barry Wright now own Whitmore's Bluff and they have built an attractive cottage on it.

Other sights to see on this river are the "Chieftain's" the home of Major Ridge, Cherokee Indian chief, two rniles up, and the mouths of Big and Little Dry creeks.

An hour and a half each way on the Annie H. is required, which gives the "Brownies" about an hour to scout and enjoy lunch on land, in order to be back in Rome before 8 o'clock.

THIRD TRIP ON RIVER - The third of a series of trips on the rivers in Frank Holbrook's Annie H. was taken Monday afternoon by a group of Boy and Girl Scouts as the guests of E. L. Wright, headmaster of Darlington

Where The Beautiful Oostanaula River Enters Rome

Upper Broad Street, between Fifth and Sixth Avenues, about 1905: Extreme left, Bosworth Block; left center, Martha Battey Hospital; house with white roof, old Wood home, where Henry W. Grady once lived.

The party went to Black's Bluff, and on account of the close proximity of that point did not start until 3:56 p. m. ; they landed at the Bluff at 4:45 p. m. and left at 6:30 for Rome, arriving at 7 p. m. The party spread lunch about 100 yards above the bank and a spring, and after feasting went back to the boat and had music and songs. No accidents occurred.

The following others attended : Misses Tot Moultrie, Mildred Wilkerson, Mary J. Doyal, Ruth Maddox, Annette Stroud and Leila Hill Newsom, of the Hawthorne Troop of Girl Scouts; Elizabeth McRae, Elizabeth Ward, Elizabeth Lipscomb, Helen McLeod and Maynor Mc- Williams, of the Eagle Troop of Girl Scouts; Miss Virginia Dixon, of Birmingham; and the following Boy Scouts: William and Lester Harbin, John W. Quarles, Jr., Riley McKoy, Otis Parsons, Benj. Archer, Ben Grafton and Benj. Cothran. - May 18, 1921.

Scouts To Collect For Poor

SCOUTS TO COLLECT FOR POOR - The Boy Scouts have another call for service on Wednesday. The committee that has charge of gathering the bundles for the poor of the city has asked the scouts to go with the automobile trucks and assist in the work of bringing the bundles of clothing to the Red Cross headquarters. All scouts that can assist in this work will report at scout headquarters Tuesday at 10 o'clock to receive instructions regarding the work and where to meet Wednesday and territory which they are to cover.

to register before the first of the year. Troop No. 5, of which the Rev. Gordon Ezzell is scoutmaster, is full with 32 scouts, and a new troop is forming.

All scouts that have not registered in troops 1 and 2 and Lindale will register at headquarters before the first of the year in order to get the benefit of the special price of 25 cents each for 1921 membership.

The Boy Scouts of Rome had an opportunity last Friday to prove their worth when called upon by the committee that had charge of the Christmas tree for the poor at the Auditorium to assist in making the affair a success. They distributed song sheets, acted as messengers, helped the committee pass the children out of the building after they had received their presents, located a number of lost children and found several lost articles.

They demonstrated again that a scout is ready for service, and remembered the scout motto: "Be Prepared." The committee has sent them formal thanks. - Dec. 24, 1920.

HIKE TO ROCKY HOLLOW - Troop "Lucky Seven" of the Boy Scouts, R. B. Combs, scoutmaster, and Jerome C. Henson, assistant, will hike out to Rocky Hollow, near Rotary Lake on Horseleg Creek, Friday afternoon. They will cook supper and return by the light of the moon. Mr. Henson will accompany them and be in charge. The boys will meet at 3:30 in front of Nixon's Hardware store on Broad.

each boy, who will use only one or two matches and will cook quarter of a pound of steak and half a pound of Irish potatoes without the aid of cooking utensils. - Jan. 6, 1921.

"SNAKE DOCTOR" FLEET - Scoutmasters of the eleven Boy Scout troops in Rome, representing 250 boys, will meet Monday night at 7:30 o'clock at headquarters, 313^ Broad street, on call of Executive Geo. E. Bennett, who will present to them a plan whereby each troop may own its own boat for use on the rivers around Rome.

Mr. Bennett will tell the scoutmasters that three motor boats can be purchased at a total cost of $400, which will be things of pleasure for a long time and will be useful in emergencies as they arise; also that this would represent a tax of less than $2 apiece if the 250 Scouts paid for it out of what they might save or earn.

He will suggest that each troop can obtain some kind of craft within two weeks by doing a little planning and work. The "flagship" of the fleet unit will be the motor boat already in use, known as the "Boy Scout," and "the three other motor boats would be appropriately named. The four would be allotted to certain troop units for certain periods of time, and seven batteaux or canoes would be bought which troops could use when not in charge of the motor boats. The allotments would be constantly changing, so that, for instance, Scoutmaster George R. Popay's Troop 7 would have charge of one of the motor boats for a week, and for three weeks would take a batteau or

Two of the troops already have craft which could be substituted for that many boats with paddles or oars. Troop 11 (Horace Gillespie, scoutmaster) has bought a batteau in the Fourth Ward, has painted it and is due by now to have shoved it in the water. Troop 2 (Ed King, scoutmaster) will meet in the Fourth Ward tomorrow afternoon at 3 o'clock to put finishing touches on their house boat, work on which was interrupted by the recent week spent at camp at Cloudland. Mr. King says the boys are going to launch their houseboat with all kinds of salty ceremony, including the selection of a fair young lady sponsor, the reading of passages from the manual and a speech or so, and free lemonade and all the sandwiches anybody could eat.

It is unnecessary to say the "Snake Doctor Fleet" will take official recognition of the event and turn out in full array, and will sound their gongs and toot their whistles as the strange craft slips from the ways. The honor of pushing the house boat a piece up the Oostanaula will then be given one of the visiting host.

Mr. King's boys have built the house boat entirely without help. They laid her keel and sides, nailed on the cross pieces for the bottom, poured tar pitch on the outside and painted her with tar inside. The boat's length is 22 feet and her width 8 feet. She will be a scow for a while, because Mr. King said the patience of the boys would be threadbare if he tried to put on the house part right away. So they are going to slip her sidewise in the water and rig out some cross pieces for the 32 Scouts to perch upon.

Part of them will bail until the boat seems to stop leaking, then everybody will sit on the seats and yell defiantly at all passing craft. Presently the engine will be installed so she can kick along under her own power. Whether she will be fitted out with a propeller or rear wheel like a steamboat has not been decided. The Annie H. has a rear paddle wheel, and works with a motor forward.

The Scouts have two months of vacation left and plenty of afternoons thereafter, and they seem determined to spend a good part of it on the water. - July 14, 1921.

Scouts Launch House Boat

SCOUTS LAUNCH HOUSE BOAT - An event in the life of the Boy Scouts of Rome, and particularly of Troop 2, Ed King, scoutmaster, will be the launching Wednesday afternoon at 4:30 o'clock of the "Sequoyah," house boat, at a point in the Fourth Ward, opposite the middle distance between the old Seventh Avenue cemetery and the city pumping station. A large crowd of Scouts will no doubt see the "Sequoyah" slide from the ways into the Oostanaula River, for every member in the county has been invited by Troop 2 and Scout Executive Bennett, and there are 350 of them. The Lindale and Cave Spring Troops are also invited.

A tub of free lemonade and free sandwiches while they last will be served. Troop 11, Horace Gillespie, scoutmaster, will probably launch its batteau at the same time.

All units of the "Snake Doctor Fleet" are requested to get under way at 4 o'clock for the scene of the launching. These include the Annie H., the Nell, the Katie, the Emmagene H., the Daniel Boat, the Boy Scout, other motor boats, and all the canoes and batteaux that can be made seaworthy by that time. The craft will land above the scene of the launching and prepare to toot their whistles and sound their gongs as the "Sequoyah" plunges in. After she is launched, the boys will man her and as many as she will hold will take a ride, and the other Scouts will be taken aboard the various craft for a grand parade.

The "Sequoyah" is due to have a fair sponsor and a dark blue flag with white stars and a white anchor on it. Her engine will be put in after the boys have had their first ride in front of one of the motor boats. A short sketch of Sequoyah, who invented the Cherokee Indian alphabet, will be read during the exercises.

As the fleet steams slowly up and down the river, past Sixth Avenue, it will be reviewed by city officials, and Jim D'Arcy, an old sailor, and "Chips" Berliner, the local navy recruiting agent, are invited to join them. The whole affair will probably break up in a swimming party on the Oostanaula. - July 24, 1921.

TWO SCOUTS RIDE 50 MILES - Boy Scouts Julius M. Cooley, Jr., 13, son of Julius M. Cooley, of the Rome Farm Equipment Co. and resident of 5 Butler street, and Ralph Jones, 14, son of H. L. Jones, traveling salesman of the H. B. Parks Co. and resident of Pennington avenue. South Rome, returned to Rome about 6:50 o'clock last night after a memorable quest for merit badges. They pedaled to Cartersville and back, approximately 50 miles, in 20 minutes less than 10 hours. Both boys are members of Troop No. 8.

The boys were told that it was a good test of scout ability to make it to Cartersville and back starting at 9:10 o'clock yesterday morning. That gave them until 7:10 last night. Neither had been there before, so the trip had an added zest.

"The roads were bad most of the way and we saw convicts working them near Cartersville. We took our lunches with us and ate them along the road at a stream, and had supper when we returned home. There were no accidents except that I hit a bump and fell once, throwing me off on my side, and Ralph's pedal struck me. I was not hurt but lost a little breath and saw a few stars. It was a great trip."

The boys reported to Scout Executive Bennett and are due to receive their merit badges soon. Part of the test had been completed before. This consisted of reading a map and repairing bicycle punctures and taking their bicycles apart and putting them together again. - Jan. 23, 1921.

The hill to the left was where Philip W. Hemphill, one of Rome's founders, built his home. The park property has been acquired for the Greater Darlington School, and removal to the site will mark a new era in that institution's career.

the Lindale Methodist church Sunday afternoon a large number of girl scouts with their captains and lieutenants assembled to hear Mrs. Juliette Lowe, of Savannah, an international figure in the scout movement, make an address on scouting.

Mrs. Lowe, who lived for many years in England, told of the organization there of the Boy and Girl Scouts, and of the work of Baden Powell, who was so impressed by the splendid work done by the boys in the Boer war that he determined to train the youths of England in some of the minor details of war regardless of whether they were ever to be soldiers or sailors.

Receiving enthusiasm and inspiration from Mr. Powell, who is a warm personal friend of hers, Mrs. Lowe started work with a band of seven girls who lived near her home up in the Scotland hills, and with the assistance of some work with a band of seven girls who taught signalling, cooking, sewing, taking care of the sick and other things essential to making them strong and capable women. Now there are 80,000 Girl Scouts in America alone.

Mrs. Lowe went into detail about scouting. She told what was required before a girl could become a citizen scout; the motto being "Be Prepared."

In closing she related a story of the heroism of a Polish girl whom she had known at an international conference in London, and told how the girls' training as scouts had prepared them for the trials and undertakings of life.

Capt. H. P. Meikleham introduced Mrs. Lowe with a few apt remarks, emphasizing the fact that Mrs. Lowe was going to tell her audience (which consisted almost entirely of Girl Scouts) how to be real girls and appreciate natural things.

The Real Frank L. Stanton

"He is a lyrical genius. He has never used a typewriter, but employs long-hand in pencil exclusively; he seldom scratches out a mistake, and he makes no erasures. His is a brand of genius that is not often fclund. Writing with him is spontaneous; his thoughts are transferred to paper without the usual mental effort, and thus do they appear in print. They go to the printer in 'strings,' sheet after sheet pasted together. Truly, he just pipes his unpremeditated lay.

"When I was handling the religious page of The Constitution, Stanton had not reached financial independence, and would occasionally ask me for a small loan. On one occasion he said, 'Lucian, let me have some money.'

AN ODD APPEAL. - In the race for mayor for the term of 1882 were three candidates: Jas. G. Dailey, who was elected; Wm. W. Seay and J. F. Harbour. The two first named beat the bushes in stump speeches, but Mr. Harbour, being short of oratorical thunder, contented himself with a card in the local newspaper which ended:

QUICK WITS IN COURT. - Interesting situations are always arising in the present as the members of the Rome bar gather in Judge Moses Wright's Superior Court. Judge Wright's charges to the juries, his fine sense of humor and of fairness furnish a considerable part of this interest, and then occasionally an attorney is called upon to furnish it.

Bill Of Sale For Slaves

BILL OF SALE FOR SLAVES Georgia, Floyd County: Know all men by these presents that I, Philip W. Hemphill, of the county and state aforesaid, for and in consideration of the sum of $4,000 to me in hand paid by James Hemphill, of the same place, receipt of which I do hereby acknowledge, have granted, bargained and sold, and by these presents do grant, bargain and sell unto the said James Hemphill, his heirs and assigns, the following property, to wit: Lucy, a woman 60 years old. Bill, a man, 65, Penny, a woman, 60, Terril, a boy, 13, William, a boy, 11, Margaret, a girl. 8, Myrum, a girl, 9, Berryman, a boy, 7, Penny, a girl, 7, Elvira, a woman, 18, and child at the breast, Catharine, a girl, 8, Emily, a girl, 12, Arena, a girl, 10, Lena, a girl, 8, Evilene, a girl, 12, Tana, a girl, 6, Madison, a boy, 7, Jane, a girl, 13, Tony, a boy, 7, Martha, a girl, 2 years old.

To have and to hold the aforesaid bargained property, to him the said James Hemphill, his heirs and assigns, forever. And I, the said Philip W. Hemphill, for myself, my heirs, executors and administrators, all and singular, the said bargained property unto the said James Hemphill, his heirs and assigns, against me and my said executors and administrators and against all and every other person and persons claiming under me, shall and will warrant and defend by their presents.

Story Of A Frolicsome Tornado

A frolicsome tornado supposed to have been an offshoot of a cyclone starting in Kentucky bounded through the downtown business section of Rome yesterday (Saturday, April 16, 1921), at approximately 11:45 a. m., and left a trail of destruction 500 feet wide behind. The start of it was traced as far down the Coosa as a point between Mt. Alto and Black's Bluff, where it left the stream and swept across a stretch of green bottom land in a generally northeastern direction.

The tornado fell like a blight upon a quiet negro settlement in the boundaries of Cherokee street, Branham avenue (south) and Pennington avenue, and turned a square block into heaps of brick and loose timbers and snapping trees. Small frame houses that had stood compactly a few minutes before were reduced to piles like jackstraws. Across a ridge studded with stately pine trees the brusque charger raced at 80 miles an hour, breaking pines and poplars in half and bowling over oaks and hickories as their roots snapped under the strain.

Through Myrtle Hill cemetery this first time visitor sped, irreverently upset tombstones and crushed a pavilion into kindling wood; skirted the brow of the hill, swung its tail over the summit of the Confederate monument and swooped like a hungry hawk over the Etowah and down upon peaceful, unsuspecting Rome.

Buildings trembled and struggled in the grip of this unshorn young monster, then gave up parts of themselves, like brick and moi'tar, tin roofs, chimneys and contents, - anything to be free of his cave-like grip. He hurried on without apologies; knocked down the electrical contraptions raised by man on high poles, smashed windows with the care-free demeanor of a spend-thrift, shoved a cornice off a store to the main street without caring whether it hit anybody on the head or not; blew young ladies' dresses and tresses in a shocking manner; sent dogs, chickens and birds scurrying to places of safety, even as men ; and disappeared with a defiant gesture and a mocking laugh.

The tornado paralelled the Oostanaula river northward up West First street, then executed a right-angle zag and dealt a right uppercut again to the things of the land. Past Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh and Eighth avenues he leaped, with always the same tale, - a roof lifted off here, a sheet of tin sent smashing through a plate glass window there, a tree sent crashing against a house, a house sat upon until its timbers groaned and gave way.

Near the foot of West First street three mules were killed under electric wires and walls of brick, and their owner was injured; at the jail a lad was hurt, in North Rome a house was blown a mile, scattering five children and a woman along the way.

Spots Which Dared To Resist The Tornado

The windstorm of Saturday, April 16, 1921, served as a stern reminder of the insignificance of man and hU elrfhly shrines Pictures 1, 2 and 6 show Myrtle Hill trees snapped off like broom straws. 5 and 7 West Second Street damage. 3 - Tree against a house on Seventh Avenue. 4 - A sugarberry at the News office which nearly hit a horse and a man.

Then the tornado was lost to view. He had been introduced to Romans most forcibly. Maybe he went where he came from. He was not a very welcome guest. Details of his pranks are to be found elsewhere herein.

A hard rain fell soon after the tornado had passed, and continued for several hours. It held up a while, but let in again before midnight. Woodmen and other workers took their axes and set to work repairing the damage, and said some unkind things about frolicsome gusts of wind.

Toryiadoes are exciting phenomena aiid always comtnit freakish and weird acts as well as tragic and frightening, hi the folloiving runniyig story are told incidents as they were heard and discovered by The News during Saturday afternoon: The worst damage in Rome was in the area bounded by Eighth avenue, the Oostanaula river, head of Coosa and Broad street. Moving toward North Rome, the tornado in this area first struck the rear of the old Hamilton block, occupied by Stamps & Co., and took it off, a lot of brick falling and helping to demolish a shed in the rear of the place. It swept through West First street between the rears of the second Broad street block of wholesale grocery concerns and the Curry-Arrington warehouse, caroming off the rear of the Rome Mercantile Co. and throwing a shower of brick and timbers into the street on a group of a dozen or more mules and wagons parked there by farmers, and carrying down three poles full of heavilycharged electric wires. One of the wires fell across the back of a small gray mule and killed it instantly, while the brick which fell from the rear of the Rome Mercantile Co. buried a pair of mules driven to a wagon by Mose Middleton, a Black's Bluff Road farmer. One of the mules was killed instantly and one was hurt and it was thought it would have to be shot. Mr. Middleton was slightly injured. He heard the storm had swept his home neighborhood, and went down to see.

The electric current was immediately cut off by the Rome Railway & Light Co., thus reducing the danger of broken and depending wires. Police and firemen, the Boy Scouts, American Legion and citizen volunteers rendered first aid and went on duty informally where needed. Linemen and other electrical workers went to work with a vim to relieve the city from the predicament of no electric power or lights, all having been cut off in the city except the trolley car current. Candles and lamps were used pretty freely for illuminating purposes. The gas plant on West First street, by the way, escaped any damage from the tornado, but an adjoining building had the roof taken off.

After a few hours most of the lights were switched on again, but throughout the night the downtown area of devastation was dotted only with red danger lights. The white way lights on the Oostanaula side of Broad street were dark, and the two picture shows and business establishments in that row did not attempt to keep open last night.

Part of the roof of the Rome Manufacturing company on Second avenue was lifted and the rain began to pour in, so a lot of goods were moved to a warehouse at the rear of the First National Bank building. Although the wind sliced off a layer of brick from the Arrington-Buick building aci'oss the street, it bowed before the tall First National structure and swept over the Rome Manufacturing Company, where it also sent down a shower of brick.

The McWilliams Feed and Grocery Co. sign was doubled up at Third avenue and West First street, and one screen door opening outward was torn from its hinges and another partly unhinged. A hogshead was blown from a platform to the middle of the street. A lot of tin was ripped from warehouses in this neighborhood and sent whirling and whistling toward the courthouse. A tin ice can of the Atlantic Ice & Coal Corporation was blown 50 feet to Fourth avenue.

At the Wyatt Book Store a plate glass over the show or display windows was blown out, three show cases were broken and the picture rack was demolished.

A pair of penny weighing scales was torn up in front of the Strand movie theatre and a traffic sign at Broad and Third avenue was blown over.

The following sustained broken plate glass windows : Bartlett Automotive Equipment Co., Gammon's, G. H. Hays, the McDonald Furniture Co., O. Willingham and several of the fronts of the wholesale houses on the west side of Broad street between First and Second avenues.

Many small windows, awnings and signs were caught and broken down. Trees were blown down in the yards of Wade Hoyt, 603 West First street; 600 Broad street, corner of Sixth avenue; J. W. Bryson, 10 Seventh avenue, the old W. M. Towers place (large tree against center of house) ; the old Underwood cottage, across West First street from the Bryson home (large tree took off corner and rested against house) ; the cottage of Miss Julia Omberg, next door to the Lanham place on West First street; the home between the Wade Hoyt place and the Oostanaula river. Limbs were strewn over the yard of Ed Maddox at Bi'oad and Seventh avenue, and across Fifth avenue back of the Hotel Forrest.

A large sugar berry tree at the corner of The Rome News office blew toward the building, narrowly missing P. J. Fulcher, a farmer living on the Central Grove road beyond the Berry Schools, and demolishing a Ford automobile owned by F. C. Bennett, of 13 Fourth avenue, and the Fulcher buggy. Mr. Fulcher had just taken his horse out of the vehicle. A falling wire burnt him slightly on the right hand. An American Railway Express Co. delivery wagon was passing at Fourth avenue and West First when the tree crashed down. The wind blew the wagon over on its side and threw out the driver, Geo. W. Turner, and a lot of large empty pasteboard cartons, one of which was blown into the hole left by the tree roots. The horse ran away down Broad street, probably to the express company stable.

The tornado swept up the Oostanaula, raising the water about 12 feet, according to two men who were sitting on the end of a platform of the Atlantic Ice & Coal Corporation plant, on Fourth avenue and the river. The tail of the thing swept within 35 feet of them, snapping off several limbs and curving in front of the Rome Laundry Company across the street and carrying a shower of roof tin with it, after which it hit the tree at The News corner. Then it twisted to the left of the courthouse and stripped enough tin off the Davis Foundry & Machine Co. to smash a plate glass window or so of the Dodge Automobile agency at Fifth avenue and West First street.

It tore tin off the city stables on West First, between Fifth and Sixth avenues. Lawrence Wilson, Boy Scout, son of Sheriff Robt. E. Wilson, was sitting in his father's apartments at the Floyd county jail at that point and was slamming down a window when tin or timber crashed into the window pane and cut his left arm in several places. He was attended by Dr. J. Turner McCall.

After laying low a lot of trees on West First street, as told above, the tornado swept toward Eighth avenue, to the home of Louis A. Dempsey, at 713, where a tree was uprooted and two rooms of the house damaged. Five larq-p frop<! in the Robt. W. Graves yard, 110 Eighth avenue, were blown down, and Robt. W. Graves, Jr., amateur weather prognosticator, lost a rain gauge. A corn crib and mule barn of the Graves-Harper Co. at West Second street and Eighth avenue were demol-

Thence the wind blew through North Rome. Will Akridge, who owns a place about two miles north of North Rome, phoned The News that the tornado hit one of his tenant houses, occupied by Alvin Gilliam, and that the five small Gilliam children narrowly escaped death. Some were free, others caught under flying timbers and none hurt beyond a bad shaking up. They were gathered up and Taken to the home of a neighbor nearby. Mrs. Henry Gilliam was hit in the head by a flying timber and painfully hurt. She was attended by Dr. Henry A. Turner, of Rome. A baby three months old was uninjured.

On Jim Stewart's place on the road leading over to the Oostanaula river, continued Mr. Akridge, the one-story frame cottage occupied by W. H. Sims, had only two rooms left after the twister had passed. The front and back porches, kitchen and two chimneys were blown away. It seemed like a thousand trees had been blown down, he said.

While Mr. Akridge was talking, a flash of lightning hit the telephone wire. "Did you see that lightning?" he asked. "Let's get away from here!"

The tornado was traced westward below Rome to a point on the Coosa river between Black's Bluff" and Mt. Alto. It skipped across the valley land northwest

A Tall Sentinel On A Lofty Hill

Rome's historic clock tower, built in 1871 by John W. Noble. Prior to erection of the plant on Fort Jackson it supplied the city with water.

of the Ab Dean farm and tore a path through clumps of woods to the neighborhood of Cherokee street and Branham avenue (South). At this point the wind lifted off the front of the Hugley gi'ocery store, then got into a block of negro one-story frame dwellings on Pennington avenue. Six houses in a row had their brick chimneys knocked off and one was smashed almost flat. In the house set down upon the ground Mattie Rogers, crippled daughter of Fletcher Rogers, the colored barber, was slightly hurt in the mouth. Two chickens (hens) were killed. Debris was scattered everywhere. Then the twister snorted up a ridge and blew a pine tree across a pig pen, where the pig grunted his eminent satisfaction. On top of this ridge was a one story frame dwelling said to be owned by Mrs. Alia Holmes Nunnally. The wind hugged this cottage and shook it down off its brick foundations to the ground. The paper roofing was banged in.

Slivers of plaster peeled off across the street as the tornado shook a frail wooden house. Then the mischievous fellow visited the home of City Commissioner Ben Gann on Klasing Hill, slid his refrigerator across the back porch and stripped the under part of the house of its frail lattice work. Then it romped into Myrtle Hill cemetery, ruthlessly upsetting tombstones. The tornado uprooted seven large trees in Myrtle Hill and broke off two others that fell across graves, in addition to demolishing the pavilion near the Confederate Soldiers' sanctuary. A tree fell across the headstone of A. B. S. Moseley, long a newspaper editor in Rome. One knocked over the headstone of Mrs. T. O. Hand. Others fell across the Denny, Grossman, Burks, Sharp and Thos. G. Watters lots.

The tail of the tornado swished within half a block of the Frances Berrien hospital on South Broad and yanked off a limb as large as a fat man's leg, and did the same near the old Klasing machine shop (now the establishment of Coffin & Co.) Leaves and dead branches were scattered everywhere.

Half the roof of the Nixon Hardware Co. warehouse was blown off in the rear of the Broad street store and the goods had to be moved to safe quarters.

The aftermath of Rome's romping tornado of Saturday morning at 11:45 o'clock found the citizens setting their houses and yards in order. Some of the houses were beyond hope of redemption. They had been crushed like eggshells and their timbers blown into near woods.

Estimates of the total damage varied with the individual. Insurance men said one person's guess was as good as another's. The estimates ranged between $150,000 and $250,000 for the Rome district. Much of this is salvage. Trees blown down make good wood; they have to be cut up but don't need cutting down.

Alvin Gilliam, farmer tenanting the Will Akridge farm two miles north of the Southern Co-operative Foundry in North Rome, found his razor and his wife's hat a mile toward the Oostanaula river from where the tornado smashed his house. He congratulated his wife on her "close shave."

His mother, Mrs. Henry Gilliam, and his five children were in the house at the time. The wind dumped them from the floor to a side wall, then deposited them on the upside-down ceiling and carried the floor over their heads up the hillside. In the ceiling was a trap door two feet by three. The lid flew off as the ceiling went over, and two of the children, including the two-months-old baby, were thrown into the hole to safety, while a mass of timbers crashed down over them. Rescuers pulled them out shortly afterward.

Mr. Gilliam's 18-year-old boy, formerly in the navy, went searching for his navy discharge papers, fearing they might have been blown to the Bureau of Navigation at Washington and he might find himself back in the outfit again.

Houses are few and far between in this neighborhood, and not a great deal of damage was done. On the Akridge place, however, the tornado played some of its queerest tricks. It made a 180-degree cui've, pointing back toward Rome, around Ihe brow of a thickly wooded hill, scattering tall trees, then darted off at right angles to the right far enough to miss a barn and several horses. The next thing it hit was the Gilliam cottage of four rooms, where the elder Mrs. Gilliam was making dough in a pan.

City workmen labored all day Sunday with axes and saws, removing overturned trees from dwellings and from across streets. Citizens wielded axes in many cases. Some waited until Monday, and it seemed probable that within a week few signs of the damage would remain, except in the case of houses badly demolished.

The central photograph, showing two feet of snow on Broad Street, was taken in December, 1887. The horse cars were abandoned and traffic generally was demoralized. This was a year of disasters. In March and April came the record flood, with water 40.3 feet high at Rome,

Two or three cases were reported in which men were caught in the tornado and lifted off the ground or blown some distance. They all landed on their feet and used them.

Steps will probably be taken by the city or patriotic organizations to replace the pavilion which was destroyed at the Confederate soldiers' graves in Myrtle Hill cemetery. Workmen started removing nine trees blown down across graves, upsetting several tombstones. The tornado swept across the summit and eastern face of Myrtle Hill and jumped over the Steamer Cherokee, lying moored at the base of the cemetery on the Etowah river. It then hit the lower business district.

The gay destroyer did not spare the abandoned old Seventh avenue cemetery either. It twisted off several large limbs and blew them across graves. One landed on the tomb of George Hamilton, (1833-1854), but did not break the slab.

Between the Seventh avenue cemetery and the Auditorium several houses were damaged. Five medium-sized trees were blown across West Second street north of Seventh avenue.

The Graves-Harper barn near Eighth avenue and West Second was knocked off its concrete rat-proof foundations and thrown down the hill toward Hell's Hollow, and turned upside down. It was a nice wreck.

After blowing down several trees on Eighth avenue the tornado dived into Hell's Hollow. It missed the city water pumping station on Fort Jackson by at least 500 feet and swept over Blossom Hill, inhabited by negi'oes. Here the main damage was to fruit trees, which was true of other neighborhoods.