Rome, Georgia - History (part 5 of 17)

The news of the secession of Virginia was received in Rome at 11:30 o'clock on yesterday, together with the announcement that Gen. Scott had resigned and was in Richmond and that the Virginians had attacked the army at Harper's Ferry and the United States fort and navy yard at Norfolk.

This news caused the greatest excitement we have ever seen in our city. Cannons were fired and small arms without number, and all the church bells were rung, and all possible demonstrations of extreme joy were everywhere to be seen. Not a few eyes were moistened by the joyous overflow of grateful feelings. The eighth star was put upon it and the flag raised.

This company left our city yesterday evening at 6 o'clock. The muster roll may be found in another column. Our heart fails us as we attempt to write upon the subject. The company is made up almost entirely of young men - only five married, and, with two exceptions, these quite recently. Most of the members have lived in the city or in the immediate vicinity; they are connected with the best families and of course are greatly beloved.

We are sure there will not be in the army a more gallant company of brave men than compose this corps. They are armed with the Windsor rifle. They have no accoutreinents, but in all else they are fully provided. The provisions for health and comfort in camp are quite complete. That they may all safely return is the fervent and earnest prayer of the entire community.

This company left yesterday at 11 o'clock on a special train for Richmond. It consists of a larger number than either of the other companies that have left.* It is made up of the best kind of fighting men, mostly from the country, and though but little used to drill at present, they are inured to many hardships that will enable them to drop into camp routine with comparative ease; and Capt. Towers is just the man to make this company one of the most efficient in the service.

And now the author again steps aside and bows to pens that are more trenchant than his own. The quotations are from The Courier, with the dates as indicated :

Northern Men's Sacrifice. - Those citizens of Northern birth who enlist in our army and who demonstrate on the battlefield their fidelity to our cause are entitled to the lasting gi-atitude and remembrance of our people. To the foreman and others in charge of The Courier, it is a source of gratification to hear on frequent occasions the name of Mr. Melville Dwinell, now in the army, who participated in the recent glorious achievement at Manassas, spoken of in terms of the warmest

We grieve to learn that Frank Lathrop, our young friend and fellow citizen, from the house of Sloan, Harper & Co., is no more. He, too, was a Northern man, and fell at Manassas, battling for our rights.

Floyd Companies' Loss. - As there has been no official report published of the killed and wounded of the Eighth Georgia Regiment in the First Battle of Manassas, we are only enabled to give the following report from a list sent by Rev. John Jones, pastor of the First Presbyterian church of Rome, who has been visiting the companies and is now at Richmond:

Floyd Infantry - Killed, George Martin, W. J. Chastain, A. W. Harshaw and J. H. Dunn; badly wounded, Capt. Jno. F. Cooper. Full list not reported.

Manassas Battleground Camp, Tuesday, July 23, 1861, 8 p. m. Dear Courier: Since writing this morning I have gathered some particulars of the glorious victory of July 21. As the facts are made known, the complete rout of the enemy and the utter confusion into which they were thrown becomes more and more evident. Instead of getting 42 of their cannon, 64 have already been brought in, and there is reason to believe still more

*The Floyd Infantry, under command of Capt. Jno. Frederick Cooper, is referred to here with the Light Guards. It is supposed to have left several days ahead of any other company.

will be found, provided this number does not include all they had. Our troops detailed for that purpose have been finding them all day, run off in concealed places by the roadside. In addition to the cannon, it is reported that the road leading to Alexandria is literally lined with muskets, rifles, etc., etc. This morning 27 of Lincoln's commissioned officers, including several of the staff, were sent to Richmond as prisoners of war.

The sneaking cunning and perfidious meanness of our enemies was exhibited on the day of battle by their use of a flag, one side of which represented the colors of the Confederate States and the other those of the United States. It was by the use of this that our regiments were so badly cut up. The column that flanked us showed the Confederate flag until they got to the position where they could do us the greatest possible injury, then turned to us the Federal side of the flag. For doing this when they sent a flag of truce to Gen. Beauregard, asking for the privilege of gathering up and burying their dead, it was denied them. How can they expect any courtesy when they thus set at defiance all the rules of civilized warfare? The low spirit that governs them and their miscreancy was also exhibited on the 18th, when they made use of the truce in throwing up barricades and breastworks.

A. J. Bearden was taken prisoner and carried some four miles from the battleground. This was after our regiment had fallen back. He was carried to the headquarters of the enemy, and there saw a large number of gentlemen from Washington City, New York and other places, drinking and carousing over "their" victory. Not long after, news came that their army was retreating, with our cavalry in hot pursuit. Then ensued a scene of indescribable confusion among this white kid gentry in their efforts to secure their personal safety by flight. When our cavalry came up, Bearden claimed his own freedom, and took captive the captain who had been guarding him. Chas. M. Harper, of the Miller Rifles, was taken prisoner, and with two or three others was guarded by six of the Hessians. After a while, more prisoners were put in care of the same guard, so that their number exceeded that of the hirelings holding them. Our boys watched their opportunity, snatched their guardians' guns and took them all prisoners. Another instance in which the tables were turned occurred with a member of our company, Robt. DeJournett. He was on the retreat when a mounted officer, supposed to have been a colonel, rode up to within 15 or 20 paces and cried out, "Your life! Your life, you young rebel!" DeJournett turned, raised his gun and shot him through while the officer was attempting to draw his pistol. DeJournett made a hasty retreat in safety, though a volley of muskets was flred at him.

It is now certain that John J. Black, Marcus A. Ross and John Payne were taken prisoners and carried off. Mc- Grath came in today, unharmed. This accounts for all the Light Guards. No prisoners were carried off fi-om the Miller Rifles. Seven of the Federal prisoners have told us they expected to Idc hung as soon as the battle was over. They have been taught to believe that the Southerners are a set of complete barbarians. Geo. Martin, of the Floyd Infantry, died last night. Howard Mc- Osker and Anderson, of our company, have been sent to Gordonsville. They were doing well.

Our regiment has not yet reorganized, and we did not move today, as was anticipated. We were all very glad to see Rev. John Jones when he came into camp today. It is said that the

Thos. J. Hills. - History will delight to honor the heroes of Manassas and the bravery of our boys; "in the deadly thicket" long will be a fireside theme !

In our exultation over the great victory at Manassas it is well to pay a passing tribute to the memory of those who freely gave their lives to gain it. He whose name heads this article was not among those whose life sped ere victory was won ; lingering until Friday night, he died peacefully in the full realization of the promises so sweet to the Christian heart.

Of modest, unassuming manner, he was well known only to his intimate friends, who knew him but to love him. As superintendent of the Sabbath School at Running Waters (the Hume place north of Rome), he had recently entered upon a life of Christian usefulness, where he was becoming better known and more widely appreciated. In him we mourn a devoted son, an affectionate brother and faithful friend. Truly, death loves a shining mark, and in the loss of our promising young men we see God's ways are past finding out. - M., Aug. 9, 1861.

Returned. - Gen. Geo. S. Black, Col. W. A. Fort, H. A. Gartrell, N. J. Omberg, R. S. Norton and G. R. Sandefer returned home a few days ago from Manassas, where they had gone to visit their sons and friends.

Wm. Higginbotham, a well-known free man of color, also returned on Saturday morning. He reached Manassas on the morning of the battle, but was denied the privilege of taking a gun and falling into the ranks. He then assisted in removing the dead and wounded, amid the shower of balls that fell around. Such deeds are highly meritorious and deserve much credit.

Accident on Rome Railroad. - On Tuesday evening last, as the down train reached a point about two miles this side of Kingston, it struck a cow on the track, which threw the engine and part of the train off. The engineer saw the cow, but too late to stop the train, and fearing the result, jumped off and broke his leg. This is the only serious accident that has occurred on this road for several years.

forced to walk from the spot to Kingston, as their train from Rome could not pass. They were going to Camp McDonald, and thence will go to Virginia. - Aug. 9, 1861.

Soldiers Returned. - John M. Berry, of the Miller Rifles, who had two of his fingers shot off at Manassas, and who received an honorable discharge, returned a few days ago. M. A. Ross, of the Light Guards, who received a wound in his arm and hand, was taken prisoner and escaped, arrived Thursday on a two months' furlough. L. G. Bradbury belonged to no company, though fought with the rest of the boys. He went out for the purpose of joining the Light Guards, but was not received on account of being a cripple, it. - Aug. 16, 1861. He went to see the elephant and saw

It was on a bright, beautiful Sunday morning that one of the world's most remarkable battles was fought. Gens. Gustave T. Beauregard and Jos. E. Johnston were the Confederate leaders, and Gen. Winfield Scott commander of the Northern army. Jefferson Davis was on the field, cheering the hosts in gray. It was here that Gen. Thos. J. Jackson got his nickname "Stonewall." Francis S. Bartow, colonel of the Eighth Georgia Regiment, had our command, and Gen. Bernard E. Bee was also there, with his South Carolina battalions.

Predictions had been made by the Washington contingent that the flag that carried in its folds the love of these hotly patriotic Southerners would be furled forever. A large crowd of spectators came out from Washington in their fine carriages, with nice lunches and plenty to drink in celebration of the expected Union victory, and the festivities were to be continued that night in the capital.

The tides of battle surged back and forth. Units of the Southern army were cut to pieces, and the remnants retreated. Seeing some men turning to the rear, the gallant Bee shouted, "Look at Jackson there; he is standing like a stone wall!" The men rallied. Reinforcements for us came up,

Four Intrepid Confederate Leaders

At top, left to right, are Jefferson Davis, president of the Southern Confederacy, who was captured near Irwinville, Ga., in 1865, after a flight from Richmond with Colonel and Mrs. C. I. Graves, of Rome; and Gen. Jos. Eccleston Johnston, famed for his well-ordered retreat from Chattanooga through Rome. At the bottom are Gen. Jno. B. Gordon, who attended Hearn Academy, Cave Spring, and Gen. Jno. B. Hood, commander in the Atlanta campaign, who crossed the Coosa River at Veal's ferry, Coosa Village.

and by 3 o'clock in the afternoon the rout of the Union army was complete. Beauregard and Johnston wanted to push on to Washington in the hope of ending the war, but Davis said no.

Practically half of the Eighth's 1,000 Georgians fell dead or wounded, or were captured or lost. The Fourth Alabama was also well decimated. Bartow led his men to an exposed eminence which was too hot to hold.

When the command to retire was given, I did not hear it, and soon found myself with none but dead and wounded around me. I fell back to a thicket and met Jim Tom Moore, who said he did not know where were the rest of the men. Ike Donkle sang out, "Rally, Rome Light Guards!" About a dozen came out of the thicket and were immediately fired upon by a regiment in a protected position. "The Romans returned the fire, then fell back to cover. My hat and coat wei-e well riddled, but my skin was untouched.

years before and opened a dental office; Geo. T. Stovall, a bachelor, superintendent of the First Methodist Church Sunday School, and perhaps the most beloved young man in the town; Charles B. Norton, a clothing merchant, and D. Clinton Hargrove, a lavi^er, my uncle and a brother of Z. B. Hargrove. Charlie Norton was the eldest son of Mr. and Mrs. Reuben Norton and a brother of Mrs. Wm. M. Towers. Among our wounded were M. D. McOsker and L. T. ("Coon") Mitchell,* son of Dan']. R. Mitchell, one of the four founders of Rome.

When Charlie Norton was shot, he pitched forward and fell across me, for I was on my knees firing. He was the first Light Guard member to be killed. It was a horrible sight; men falling all around, some dying quickly and the others making the day hideous with their groans. Considering that so many were our boyhood friends, it v/as all the harder to bear.

Bartow fell mortally wounded, and was attended by Dr. H. V. M. Miller. A short time previously he was attempting to rally his men. Frenzied at his heavy loss, he seized a flag from the hands of a color bearer. It happened that these were the colors of a South Carolina unit under Bee. The incident was noticed by Bee, who rushed up and snatched the colors from Bartow. Bee also lost his life in this fight. Had he and Bartow been spared, it is quite likely they would have fought a duel.

As the Eighth Georgia marched off the field at the conclusion of the battle, Gen. Beauregard saluted and cried: "I salute the Eighth Georgia with my hat off. History shall never forget you!"

Capt. Magruder received two wounds at First Manassas. Later, at Garnett's farm, near Richmond, he was wounded twice on the same day. Part of his nose and right jaw were torn away, and his shoulder was badly shot. Having had his face bandaged, he was rushing back to the front when a middle-aged man in homespun suit and broad-brimmed hat stopped him and said:

Capt. Magruder pushed on abruptly, telling the man to mind his own business. A soldier who saw the meeting asked Capt. Magruder a moment later if he knew it was Jefferson Davis he was talking to. Capt. Magruder turned quickly and apologized, explaining that nearly all the officers had been incapacitated or captured, and that he must take command. He went through the thickest of the fight, fainted and was borne from the field. After a while he was promoted to lieutenant colonel. At Petersburg he was wounded twice; once slightly and suffered a broken arm. Surgeons insisted on amputation but he refused and his elbow was always stiff thereafter. He was sent to "Frescati," the Magruder homestead in Virginia, which he had helped put in order to receive his wounded comrades.

My Dear Frank : On Saturday last we had the ceremonies of the inauguration. Imposing, very. A gloomier day never settled upon the capital of Virginia. The rain fell in torrents. Notwithstanding, the crowd was immense. President Davis made his speech and took the oath at the equestrian statue of Washington. The commending of himself and his country into the hands of God at the conclusion of the ceremony was a sublime scene. Emaciated and careworn, with a deep feeling of sadness pervading his pale, intellectual features, there v/as anearnestness and solemnity in his mannr that satisfied the beholder. His spirit was even then in deep communion with his God. There were no Christian doubts that he had prayed before in the deep humility of a trusting and faithful heart.

Mr. Davis, in my opinion, is a Christian President, and if he is, (k)d will take care of him and the young suffering country which he rules for the next six years.

The vileness of -our race is being exhibited here every day in the efforts of some of those who were first to overthrow the old Government,** to shake the confidence of the people in

told later how Stovall had mentioned to him the night before the battle a premonition of death. Stovall was humming at the time his favorite song, "Jesus Lover of My Soul." His last words were, "Tell my mother I have gone to Heaven." ** Presumably at Montgomery.

their rulers in the hour of misfortune and public calamity, the time when of all others we should stand by the Government with the most heroic fortitude, and strengthen by every means in our power the confidence of our people in our rulers.

Some already declare Congress is bound by no Constitution in time of war, others that we must change the organic law again; the best way to get clear of incompetent rulers is for the people to rise in their might and overthrow them.

It is fearful to hear the talk in Congress and out of it. If we are not careful, and meet with a few more reverses, we shall have the revolution all over again.

I shall stick to the President because it is right, because he is worthy, and because it is the only course to secure law and order and any Government at all.

There are a great many currents and undercurrents here - demagogues working like maggots on the body politic; the body of the people are like a seething caldron - traitors in great evidence that glory in the news of our defeat. Upon requiring the officeholders to take the oath of allegiance, I understand there were 40 who refused.

The situation at this time: The Federal army numbers 500,000, the Confederate army about 350,000. Mill Spring surrendered Feb. 6; Gen. Jollicoffer, a favorite Southern general, killed. Fort Donelson, on line of Mississippi River, surrendered Feb. 16, with about 15,000 men.

"God is my refuge and my strength;" out of the darkness He will bring light, and upon these shadows His spirit will move in strength, and we shall have a new Government to shed its blessings, I hope, upon a free, intelligent and Christian people. Yours truly,

Augustus R. Wright

The Civil War, like every other war, was not free of profiteering. Occasionally the boys at the front would write back their opinions of money grubbing and hoarding, and as early as a year after the opening the home folks were sniping at its pudgy form. The Tri-Weekly Courier of Tuesday, Apr. 8, 1862, printed the proceedings' of a county mass meeting at the City Hall, in which strong resolutions were passed against extortionate prices which were crippling the men on the firing line and working a hardship on non-combatants. Col. James Word was chairman of the meeting and R. D. Harvey secretary. The resolutions were drawn bv a committee composed of Daniel R. Mitchell, H. Aycock, B. F. Hawkins, Kinchin Rambo and J. W. Dunnahoo, and they were passed unanimously.

Fine Dwellings Of Hill And Countryside

The elegant siZv^c^^v" oT^o^e homes has of ten been remarked Here we^^see^ a^ the finer structures in their artistic settings At top the Secona Park; center, king; next. "Beverly Hall." the country estate o^ J Nephew^ King.^nea ^.^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^ ..j^.,,_ the Fourth ward dwelling of the late J. A. oiover. crest." East Rome dwelling of Jno. M. Graham.

^ LTHOUGH the story of /\ "Andrews' Wild Raid" of Apr. 12, 1862, is well known to followers of Civil War history, the part played by a Rome engine in the chase and capture of this band of desperate men has remained buried in oblivion. This engine was the "Wm. R. Smith,"* a small, "wood-burning" afifair named after Col. Wm. R. ,("Long Bill") Smith, first president of the Rome Railroad. Her engineer was Oliver Wiley Harbin,** and the conductor of the Rome Railroad train to which she was attached and which awaited the arrival of the Atlanta train at Kingston was Cicero A. Smith, also of Rome, son of Jacob Smith, an uncle of "Bill Arn "***

The following account is taken partly from an illustrated folder issued in 1903 under direction of W. L. Danley, of Nashville, Tenn., general passenger agent of the N. C. & St. L. railway, lessees of the Western & Atlantic (state) railroad, and partly from "Georgia's Landmarks, Memorials & Legends," Vol. n, ps. 230-234.****

James J. Andrews, a Union spy and contraband merchant of Flemingsburg, Ky., was commissioned by Gen. O. M. Mitchel to lead a raid into Georgia and burn the railroad bridges between Big Shanty (Kennesaw, Cobb County), and Chattanooga, Tenn. Gen. Mitchel's division of Buell's Union army was in camp near Shelbyville, Tenn., and it was from this point that Andrews took 21 men in civilian clothes and made his way through the Confed-

: Judge Jno. C. Printup, Mrs. Susan Cothran Smith, of Birmingham, daughter of Col. Wade S. Cothran, superintendent of the road ; H. H. Wimpee, of Rome.

erate lines to Marietta, seven miles south of Big Shanty. Mitchel was to capture Huntsville, Ala., on the same day that Andrews' raiders were tearing up the road, and supplies being cut off from the South for the Confederate garrison at Chattanooga, Mitchel was to march from Huntsville on receiving word from Andrews, and overwhelm the Tennessee town. Reinforcements sufficient to hold Chattanooga were to be rushed to Mitchel's aid.

Andrews was familiar with the road, but heavy rains delayed him a day and he decided to make his dash Apr. 12 instead of the 11th, reasoning that the rains would hold up Mitchel's force a day as well. Consequently, he did not reach Marietta until the night of Apr. 11. At Marietta the presence of this group of strangers attracted some attention, but they explained that they were Southerners who had made their way through the Northern lines and wanted to join the Confederate army.

At 6 o'clock on the morning of Apr. 12 Capt. Wm. A. Fuller, conductor of the northbound passenger train, pulled the bell cord that sent the engine puffing out of the Union Station in Atlanta. This was the engine "General," built by the Rogers Locomotive Works at Paterson, N. J., in 1855, a trim wood-burner with a sharp cowcatcher and bellows stack, which for some years has been on exhibition at the Union depot, Chattanooga. The engineer was Jeff Cain, and Capt. Anthony Murphy, well-known Atlantan and superintendent of the W. & A. shops, went along. Three empty box cars were carried next to the engine to bring commissary stores from Chattanooga to Atlanta.

When the train reached Marietta, 20 miles northwest of Atlanta, two of Andrews' party for some reason failed to get aboard, but the other twenty clambered on, having bought tickets for various points beyond Big Shanty. It was customary for this train to stop 20 minutes at Big Shanty so the train crew and passengers could get breakfast at Lacey's Hotel. This was done on this occasion, and Capt. Fuller sat with his face toward his engine, where he could see through an open window, 40 feet from the train.

others familiar with railroad work, and practically all of them were armed with pistols, and several carried pliers for cutting telegraph wires. Although Big Shanty had 3,000 Confederate soldiers in training (at Camp McDonald), it did not boast a telegraph station. The commanding officer had requested Capt. Fuller to take in tow several deserters who might board his train, hence when the conductor saw the strangers uncouple the engine and the three empty box cars from his train and start off, he thought they were Confederate undesirables.

"Some one who has no right to do so has gone off with our train!" shouted Capt. Fuller. The sixteen men in the last box car waved defiantly as they turned a curve and were lost to view. The alarm was sounded through village and camp.

A bugler called together the Highland Rangers, a horse troop commanded by Capt. J. L. Kerr, a Rome tailor, which was Co. G, of the First Georgia Cavalry, commanded by Col. J. J. Morrison, of Polk County. The horsemen dashed away in hot pursuit. Among them were four Roman brothers, M. A. J. (Matt), Wm., George and Dave Wimpee.*

Capt. Fuller used the tools at hand. He pitted leg power against steam. Mr. Cain and Capt. Murphy followed closely. At Moon's Station, two miles away, they got a hand car off a sidetrack. The men at the station had had their tools taken forcibly by the raiders. They reported that the strangers had cut 100 yards of wire from the telegraph poles, and carried it with them. Capt. Fuller then comprehended the design, and put new determination into his efforts. He had arrived here ahead of his companions, so pushed the hand car back and picked them up. Two of them shoved the rude conveyance while the third rested and kept a sharp lookout ahead. Rain was falling in a gloomy drizzle.

Capt. Fuller figured that the downgrade to Etowah Station, at the Etowah river, would probably enable him to get to that point (fifteen miles from Moon's) by the time "The General" had climbed the grade thence to Kingston, and that at Kingston freight trains were due to hold up the raiders a while. A pile of crossties was removed from the track a mile north of Moon's. At Acworth they got pistols and were joined by Steve Stokely, of Cobb County, and a Mr. Smith, of Jonesboro, "Two rails had been removed just before reaching Etowah, so the handcar had to be lifted along some 75 feet.

After a heroic effort, Etowah was reached, and there, justifying the hopes of Capt. Fuller, stood the old engine "Yonah," the property of the Cooper Iron Works. The engine was standing on a sidetrack near the Etowah trestle, and the tender, detached, was on the turn-table. The tender was turned around and attached to the engine, and off they went. No further impediments were encountered up to Kingston, fifteen miles from Etowah.

By this time the countryside was in a fever of excitement. Andrews was telling curious station masters and trainmen that he was running an ammunition train to the relief of Gen. G. T. Beauregard, at Corinth, Miss. He also stated that Capt. Fuller's passenger train was coming along behind ; but when the people saw Capt. Fuller's bedi-aggled crew, they knew the truth.

The "Yonah" pawed up spai-ks as her wheels slipped in starting; then she made record speed to Kingston. Andrews had just left. He had persuaded the freight engineers to give him right of way, and was off with a mocking laugh. The "Texas" found the freights so arranged that she was hopelessly pocketed, but on the lefthand prong of the "Y," pointed toward Rome, was the "Wm. R. Smith," steam up and waiting for the Atlanta transfer passengers. Capt. Fuller pressed this engine into service, and her engineer, O. Wiley Harbin, ran her a distance of five miles, faster than the "stringers" and flat rails of the Rome railroad would have stood. In the cab of the Rome engine were also seated the Rome train conductor, Cicero A. Smith, Capt. Fuller, Mr. Cain, Mr. Murphy, Mr. Stokely and Mr. Smith. Four miles south of Adairsville (Cass County) , 60 yards of track was found to have been torn up. The "Smith" was stopped with a jerk and Capt. Fuller and his four companions ran ahead after thanking the crew from Rome. The Romans remained behind to look after their engine, and slowly steamed back to Kingston and took up their previous position.

Capt. Fuller pressed on two miles as fast as his legs would carry him, again leading his crowd by several furlongs. After half a mile Murphy was the only one he could see. Presentb'- an express freight train came puffing along with 20 cars. Capt. Fuller stood on the track, brandished his pistol and brought the train to a stop. The engineer, Peter Bracken, recognized him ?nd heard his hastily-told story. They waited for Capt. Murphy to arrive, then backed up the road as fast as possible, Capt. Fuller standing on the last box car, 20 lengths away, and giving signals so the engineer could tell how to run. Others now on the train were Fleming Cox and Henry Haney, fireman of the freight, and Alonzo Martin, wood passer. Smith and Stokely had been left behind. The train was now being pushed by the Danforth and Cook engine "Texas."

When within 200 yards of the switch at Adairsville, Capt. Fuller jumped down, ran ahead and changed the switch so as to throw the 20 cars on the sidetrack. He then reversed the switch and hopped on the "Texas," which sped on her way. So quickly had this change been effected that engine and cars ran side by side for nearly 1,000 feet. The "Texas," it should be borne in mind, was still running backward, whereas the "General" was pointed ahead. This gave the "General" quite an advantage because the instability of a tender running fast ahead tends to throw it off the track. Calhoun, Gordon County, ten miles from Adairsville, was reached in twelve minutes. Here Edward Henderson, 17, telegraph operator at Dalton, had arrived on the morning passenger train, to see what was the matter with the telegraph wires. Running at 15 nr;iles an hour, Capt. Fuller stretched out a hand to him and pulled him aboard the engine.

While they sped along as fast as an engine with 5 feet, 10-inch driving wheels could run, Capt. Fuller wrote the following telegram to Gen. Ledbetter at Chattanooga, handed it to young Henderson and told him to hop off quick at Dalton and put it through:

"My train was captured this morning at Big Shanty, evidently by Federal soldiers in disguise. They are making rapidly for Chattanooga, possibly with an idea of burning the railroad bridges in their rear. If I do not capture them in the meantime, see that they do not pass Chattanooga."

Two miles north of Calhoun the flying raiders were sighted by the pursuers for the first time. They detached the rear freight car at a point where they had made a fruitless effort to tear up a rail with a crow-bar. This car was coupled in front of the "Texas" without stopping, and Capt. Fuller mounted it and signalled to the engineer, who could not see ahead. The end of this car had been punched out so crossties could be strewn along the tiack, ties having been taken from the roadbed at various points. Two and a half miles farther, Capt. Fuller encountered another loose freight car. This was taken on in front, and the gallant captain moved up a car length. The bridge over the Oostanaula River was crossed safely and at Resaca Capt. Fuller left the two cumbersome freight cars on a siding, and sped onward with the "Texas" only. At a short curve two miles noi-th of Resaca a T-rail diagonally across the track was seen too late to stop. Capt. Fuller was standing on the tender, and he clung to the side and closed his eyes a moment in anticipation of a crash. The right fore wheel swept the rail off the track like it had been a straw, and they were safe again. They were said to have been making 55 miles an hour. This was undoubtedly one of the rails whose removal halted the engine from Rome. It was probably dropped off the third and last box car, hence there was no time to place it straight across. Only two or three times were obstructions met with between Resaca and Dalton, a distance of fifteen miles; these were quickly removed. At Dal- ton the telegraph operator was dropped, and he managed to get his message on the line a few seconds before the wires were snipped up the road. The customary acknowledgment at the end of the message was not received from Chattanooga because the pliers had been used so quickly.

Two miles north of Dalton the desperate fugitives were seen frantically attempting to tear up a rail. Col. Jesse A. Glenn's regiment was camping nearby, and its members also noticed the work of Andrews' men. Before the soldiers could come up, the Andrews band had made off again. The fifteen miles from Dalton to Ringgold (Catoosa County) was made in faster time than Capt. Fuller had ever made it in his 22 years as a conductor. At middle distance between these two points stood the long tunnel at Tunnel Hill, Whitfield County. Here was a fine opportunity for the pursued to wreck the determined pursuers. Had they stopped a short distance beyond the tunnel and sent their last box car into the dark passageway, a shocking tragedy might have been enacted. However, they were too hotly pursued to try such an experiment.

The intervening distance had been eaten up by the "Texas" until, half way between Ringgold and Graysville (a mile and a half north of Ringgold), the "General" was only a quarter of a mile in the lead. The "General" was weakening perceptibly, due to complete exhaustion of her wood and water supply. The last splinter had been shoved into the firebox and the last drop of water squeezed from her tank. The once white smoke belching from her clumsy but business-like stack had been transformed into a hot breath. The 20 reckless mutineers who had commandeered her would have chucked in their hats, shirts and shoes except for the job of tearing through brambles and streams. Several pine knots had been passed back to the box cars to set them on fire and send to the rear a flaming messenger of death. Had this sortie been successful, the chance of escape might have been greatly heightened, for the flames would have closed around the chugging "Texas" like a snare. A small fire was started in the car, but the dampness made) the attempt a failure. It was probable that the plan was to fire the car and leave it on the next bridge, but the "General" could not pull the grade, and the car was cut loose. Capt. Fuller picked it up, and put out the fire. The fugitives now abandoned the

"General" and ran through the woods to the west. "Every man take care of himself!" shouted Andrews, and they scattered in squads of three or four.

At Ringgold Capt. Fuller had sighted 50 or 75 soldiers and had shouted word for them to mount their horses and come forward in the chase. At a fork in the Chickamauga near Graysville four of the raiders were captured, and one of them was forced to tell who they were. The neighborhood was thoroughly awakened, and within a fortnight all of the 22 had been rounded up, including the two who had failed to take the train at Marietta. Although badly tuckered out, Capt. Fuller, Capt. Murphy, Fleming Cox and Alonzo Martin took to the woods in pursuit of the raiders, but soon left the chase to the men on horseback. Some of the pursued hid out in mountains and canebrakes, but were turned up when they applied at farm houses for food.

Marion A. Ross, sergeant major; Wm. Pittinger, sergeant, Company G; Geo. D. Wilson, private. Company B; Chas. P. Shadrach, private. Company K, all of Second Ohio Infantry.

Martin J. Hawkins, corporal. Company A; Wm. H. Reddick, corporal. Company B ; Daniel A. Dorsey, corporal, Company H; John Wollam, private. Company C; Samuel Slavens, private. Company E ; Samuel Robertson, private, Company G; Jacob Parrott, private. Company K, all of 33rd Ohio Infantry.

Eight of these men, whose names appear below, were executed by the Confederate authorities at Atlanta, Ga., in June, 1862; Andrews on June 7, and Campbell, Ross, Geo. D. Wilson, Shadrach, Scott, Slavens and Robertson on June 18. On Oct. 16, 1862, the eight following named made their escape from prison at Atlanta: Brown, Wood,

John A. Wilson, Knight, Porter, Hawkins, Dorsey and Wollani. The remaining six members of the raiding party were paroled at City Point, Va., March 17, 1863. Their names follow: Pittinger, Mason, Bensinger, Buffum, Reddick and Parrott. Congress gave medals to all the survivors, who erected a monument to their comrades in the National cemetery at Chickamauga, Ga. The N., C. & St. L. railway erected tablet stones at the points where the "General" was captured and was abandoned. The "Texas" stands in the southeastern part of Grant Park, Atlanta, defying the wind and the weather. The "Yonah" and the "Wm. R. Smith" are supposed to have been scrapped.*

Sergt. Pittinger testified at his trial that when the "General" "broke down," they were burning oil cans, tool boxes and planks ripped off the freight car. As they abandoned her they reversed her in order to bring on a collision with the "Texas," but in their haste and excitement they left the brake on the tender, and there was not sufficient steam to back the engine. In his book, "Capturing a Locomotive," he says :

We obstructed the track as well as we could by laying on crossties at different places. We also cut the wires between every station. Finally, when we were nearly to the station where we expected to meet the last train, we stopped to take up a rail. We had no instruments but a crowbar, and instead of pulling out the spikes, as we could have done with the pinch bars used for that purpose by railroad men, we had to batter them out. Just as we were going to relinquish the effort, the whistle of an engine in pursuit sounded in our ears.** With one convulsive effort we broke the

Landmarks, Memorials & Legends, Vol. II, p. 234, says Andrews was hanged at Ponce DeLeon Avenue and Peachtree Street, following his conviction at Chattanooga as a spy : that the seven others hanged were tried alt Knoxville, and were taken from the old jail at Fair and Fraser Streets, Atlanta, and hanged near Oakland cemetery, on land now owned by the street railway company ; and that the eight escaped the Atlanta jail in broad daylight and made their way to the Union lines.

**The whistle they heard was on the Rome engine, the "Wm. R. Smith." Accfirding to the N., C. & St. L. booklet, p. 9, 60 yards of track was torn up at that point.

We were scarcely out of sight of the place where we had taken up the half rail before the other train met us. This was safely passed. When our pursuers came to the place where the broken rail was taken up, they abandoned their engine and ran on foot till they met the freight train, and turned it back after us.

We adopted every expedient we could think of to delay pursuit, but as we were cutting the wire near Calhoun, they came in sight of us. We instantly put our engine to full speed, and in a moment the wheels were striking fire from the rails in their rapid revolutions. The car in which we rode rocked furiously and threw us from one side to the other like peas rattled in a gourd.

I then proposed to Andrews to let our engineer take the engine out of sight, while we hid in a curve, after putting a crosstie on the track; when they checked to remove the obstructions, we could rush on them, shoot every person on the engine, reverse it and let it drive backward at will.

The fugitives, not expecting pursuit, quietly took in wood and water at Cass Station, and borrowed a schedule from the bank tender on the plausible pretext that they were running a pressed train loaded with powder for Beauregard.

They had on the engine a red handkerchief, indicating that the regular passenger train would be along presently. They stopped at Adairsville and said that Fuller, with the regular passenger train, was behind, and would wait at Kingston for the freight train, and told the conductor to push ahead and meet him at that point. This was done to produce a collision with Capt. Fuller's train.

When the morning freight reached Big Shanty, Lieut. Cols. R. F. Maddox**** and C. D. Phillips took the engine, and with 50 picked men, followed on as rapidly as possible. Capt. Fuller on his return met them at Tunnel Hill and turned them back. Peter Bracken, the engineer on the "Texas," ran his engine 50 1^ miles - two miles backing the whole freight train up to Adairsville; made twelve stops, coupled the two cars dropped by the fugitives, and switched them off on sid-

The part played by the Rome engine and her crew was warmly praised by the citizens and the military authorities. Indeed, not only was an important link supplied, but the appearance of the engine at the point of broken track no doubt prevented a wreck of the southbound freight piloted by Engineer Bracken. Had a wreck occurred, Capt. Fuller would have pushed on to Adairsville afoot, and the raiders would probably have been able to carry out at least a part of their design.

Out on his farm in North Rome Col. Wade S. Cothran, superintendent of the Rome Railroad, always took note of the time when the train passed the Rome brick yard, not far to the ^otitheast. On this occasion no train came, and Col. Cothran remarked to his family that something must have happened. Next morning a messenger arrived with news of the capture and Col. Cothran announced with a great deal of pride at the breakfast table that Wiley Harbin and '"Little Cis" Smith had written their names on history's everlasting scroll.

As for the Highland Rangers and the Wimpee brothers, of Rome, they made a praiseworthy dash through the hills by horse but could not keep up with the flying Fuller and his daredevil pacemakers.

*It appeal's that the total distance traveled by Capt. Fuller was about 85 % miles ; afoot two miles to Moon's, 12 miles by handcar to Etowah, 14 miles by the "Yonah" to Kingston, 5 miles beyond Kingston on the "Wm. R. Smith," two more afoot, and then hO i/i miles on the "Texas." Although practically all the participants were armed, there is no evidence that any shots were exchanged. The Tri-Weekly Courier recorded the fall of Hunts ville Apr. 11, but did not mention the Andrews Raid.

WHILE there was such a feverish activity at the front, what were the "Home Guard" and the women doing far from the sound of musket and drum ?

Mrs. Mary Turnley Reynolds, historian of the Rome Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy, contributed the following to the archives of that institution m 1900:

The work accomplished by the ladies of Rome for the gallant men who sacrificed the comforts of home and fireside, donned the suit of gray to fight for native land and Southern rights, is a part of the history of our Southland that is too noble to be forgotten; and the names of the heroines who figured behind the lines must be recorded along with the names of the heroes who sacrificed their all for Southern rights.

Of those who were prominent in the work for their country during those troublous times, your historian finds many who have passed into the beautiful and far-away land. Some have removed their homes to other states. Some are living at a ripe and happy old age among the families and friends of their youth. Included in these might be mentioned Mrs. J. G. Yeiser, widow of Col. Yeiser, who also served in the Mexican war; Mrs. J. M. Gregory, widow of Dr. Gregory, once mayor of Rome and a surgeon in Company A, Eighth Georgia Regiment; Mrs. Martha Battey, widow of Dr. Robt. Battey, a surgeon in the 19th Georgia Regiment; and Mrs. P. L. Turnley, wife of Dr. Turnley, the druggist. From the above-named ladies and Mrs. Eben Hillyer, wife of Dr. Eben Hillyer, your historian has gathered valuable data which gives us a vivid picture of the times.

The first thing to cheer the soldier to duty was an illumination of the town at night. This was very general in Rome. An exception was made by Mrs. Battey, who, with her native decision of character, refused to "light up," saying, "We should fight under the Stars and Stripes." But loving her country and her people, she soon

Our first charity organization for war purposes was the Ladies' Benevolent Association. Mrs. Nicholas J. Bayard, mother of Mrs. John J. Seay, was made president, and Mrs. Wm. A. Fort secretary. Unfortunately, the minutes kept by Mrs. Fort have been destroyed.

The society was founded in January, 1861, at the suggestion of Rev. Jas. W. Hinton, then pastor of the First Methodist church. Its main purpose at first was to make garments and attend to other physical needs of the soldiers. Edward C. Hough, a native of the north, who had volunteered for field service, was exempted in order that he might direct the making of these garments at home; Nicholas J. Omberg, another tailor, who was killed by a scout band in 1864, assisted him.

The city hall, southwest corner of Broad Street and Fifth Avenue, was occupied for garment making. How valiantly the ladies went at their task is thus told by Editor Dwinell in The Courier of May 17, 1861:

"The Ladies at Work. - The ladies of Rome are now engaged at the city hall in m.aking uniforms and articles of clothing for the volunteer companies. Some 20 or 30 are there all the time; they work as their circumstances will admit; some in the afternoon, some one day, others next, while still others are there early and late every day. Such zealous patriotism is worthy of the highest commendation, and men who would not fight for thi^ defense and protection of such la-

''2'he Work Goes Beautifully On. - There is quite a large number of ladies still daily engaged at the city hall in the manufacture of clothing for the volunteers. They have a number of patent sewing machines, yet it is patent ('how^ Mr. Dwinell loved to pun!') to every susceptible gentleman that those -wiih black or blues eyes, whose almost continuous chatter is like the soft, silvery tones of sweetest bells, are incomparably more interesting. We are requested to state that any lady wishing to assist in this patriotic work is expected to report at the city hall at once."

Mrs. Underwood and Mrs. Fort were the first to remove their sewing machines to the city hall, and others followed. The association did fine work among the poor, and furnished work for many women who would have suffered when winter came.

On Aug. 19, 1861, a call was sounded for an organization of broader objects and service, since it was seen that the war would be long and bloody. Four days later a meeting was held at the city hall and the Ladies' Aid Society formed. Rev. Chas. H. Stillwell, pastor of the First Baptist church, was made president; Mrs. Geo. P. Burnett, Mrs. M. H. Graves, Mrs. N. J. Bayard, and Mrs. Booten, vice-presidents; and Rev. James W. Hinton, pastor of the First Methodist church, secretary and treasurer. Among the members were the following:

This society adopted a constitution and by-laws, and the members paid $1 a year membership dues. Three women in each county district solicited contributions. Mrs. Jas. Ware made some blankets that were very fine. Among things sent in were wool, socks, vegetables, red peppers, pepper sauce, tomato catsup, blackberry wine and cordial ; in fact, everything of a useful nature poured into headquarters, and was despatched as fast as limited transportation facilities would allow. Five carloads were sent to the front and training camps before the first year closed.

Auxiliaries were formed in each district, and a Children's Aid Society came into being in September, 1861. Mrs. Easter, wife of the Episcopal rector, had charge. The children were a great help in running errands, and some of them could knit and sew. They sent many sheets, pillow cases and bandages to the Savannah hospital.

Quite a number of beautiful tableaux were presented at the city hall under the management of Mrs. Daniel S. Printup and Mrs. D. Mack Hood, and the sum raised was $137.70. One of the scenes showed Kentucky in chains held by Lincoln, and another Maryland prostrate, and Lincoln bending over her with a sword. Twentyfour girls in homespun from Rev. Chas. W. Howard's school at Spring Bank, Bartow County, attended this tableau.

The Soldiers' Aid Association decided in August, 1861, that a relief room was needed for the wounded soldiers who were coming back from the front as the excess from the crowded army hospitals. Mrs. Robt. Battey was elected president of this new organization, and on Aug. 23 the "Wayside Home" was onened at the southeast corner of Broad Street and First Avenue, opposite the Hamilton-Shorter block, and quite convenient to the Rome railroad station, just across the street. Drs. T. J. Word and J. M. Gregory had charge as managers, and the committee on arrangements was made up of Col. Wade S. Cothran, J. M. Elliott, Robt. T. Hargrove, C. W. Mills and Daniel R. Mitchell. The v/omen's committees follow: Mrs. Fort, Mrs. Rawls and Mrs. Bayard for Monday; Mrs. Battey, Mrs. Sloan and Mrs. Yeiser, Tuesday; Mrs. Noble, Mrs. Marks, and Mrs. Hargrove, Wednesday; Mrs. Mills, Mrs. Hills and Mrs. Stillwell, Thursday; Mrs. Smith, Mrs. Hooper and Mrs. McClung, Friday; Mrs. Towers, Mrs. Freeman and Mrs. Russell, Saturday; Mrs. Roberts, Mrs. Morrison, Mrs. Rawls, Sr., Mrs. Ramey, Mrs. Lilienthal and Mrs. Cohen, Sunday.

A great deal of medicine, bandages and everything needed in a first-aid station, including considerable clothing, was put at the Wayside Home for the use of doctors and committees, and quite a number of sick and wounded soldiers were served satisfactorily. Presently came a sick soldier who was little more than a boy, named Wil- liam Lynch, of Louisiana. During the days before a complete diagnosis could be made by Dr. Word, the lad was attended by Mesdames Smith, Harper, Stewart, Underwood, Spullock, Cooley, Harkins, Stillwell, Hale, Rawls, Sr., Lilienthal, Cothran, A. E. Graves, Attaway, Norton, Sanders, Moore and Quinn. After a week, Dr. Word said it was smallpox. That was Tuesday. Necessarily there was a great deal of alarm. The women were isolated at once; everybody was afraid to go near them.

On Tuesday afternoon Mrs. Battey went to the room, having heard the news. She was warned by Dr. Gregory that a smallpox patient was on the inside, but she insisted on going in, and there she found the lad crying. She told him not to be troubled, that he would be cared for. Having encountered the advanced stages, Mrs. Battey was requested to keep company with herself. Three or four days later she took sick, and she says the only person in town who was brave enough to come to her relief was Col. W. A. Fort. Col. Fort treated her for a severe cold and she was up again presently.

When Mrs. Battey fell ill, William Howe volunteered to take charge of William Lynch. Here is an extract from a letter written by Mr. Howe from the sick room:

"Thinking that the public would like to hear what is going on in this dreaded chamber of disease, I feel a desire to gratify it. My friends may think that time rolls heavily with me, but such is not the case. However, the room is under martial law and I am monarch of all I survey. His Honor the Mayor (Dr. Thos. J. Word) has created me military dictator.

"I have two patients to nurse, two of the most patient, gentle sufferers that were ever afflicted. I really love them. The boy who has smallpox is Wm. Lynch, who is only 17 years old and has been in six battles. He had been discharged on account of feebleness caused from a long spell of typhoid fever, and was on the way to his home in Louisiana when he took smallpox here. The boy soldier will yet be a man if careful nursing on my part and the skill of the doctor can save him.

"God bless our women! Here their true worth is felt. Every comfort, every appliance to the wants of the sick is within my reach; and when I have occasion for a clean pillow slip, sheet

"I can not close this letter without furnishing a grateful acknowledgment to Col. Pennington, His Honor the Mayor, Dr. Gregory, Mrs. Wm. A. Fort, Mrs. Dr. Battey, Mrs. Dr. Underwood and Mrs. Omberg."

While we all lament the existence of this horrible war, shall we leave our brave defenders to suffer alone? Shall we not bravely endure our portion of the toil and danger? Oh, yes; let us not shrink from the duty that lies before us; and while we make use of every precaution for the safety of our families, go steadily forward trusting in God, thankful that we have only disease to contend with and have been spared the barbarous treatment which our bloody and deceitful enemies have inflicted on other parts of our country. It sometimes happens that those who flee are the first to perish, while God protects the faithful.

As the Mayor of the City has taken charge of the Soldiers' Relief room, no more appointments will be made by the committee of ladies, who will now withdraw until again called upon by the gentlemen to perform their duties.

The boy recovered ; two negroes contracted the disease from him, and one of them filed. He soon left for his home, his heart grateful to the kindly Romans. As if echoing- the prophetic words of Mr. Howe- he used to lie on his cot and repeat, "Once a man, twice a child!"

The doors of the Wayside Home were never opened again, and the contents were burned to prevent a spread of the disease. What the destruction of all this meant to those whose fingers had worked so ceaselessly to make it can scarcely be imagined. For several months the women contributed as individuals. An earlier donation by Mrs. Thos. J. Perry will give an idea of the extent: 1 quilt, 10 pairs of woolen socks, 10 of cotton drawers, 1 of suspenders, 2 of gloves, 3 towels, 2 pillow cases, 3 nubias, 1 bundle of bandages, 6 cakes of salve, 8 of soap, 1 bottle of black pepper, 1 bunch of red pepper, 1 bundle of sage, and 6 candles. In addition to the societies mentioned the St. Peter's Hospital Association (of the Episcopal church) had been organized by Dr. Easter, and it sent forward a vast amount of hospital supplies. Prominent in the organization were Mrs. Jos. E. Veal, Mrs. Geo. R. Ward, Mrs. Jno. W. Noble, Miss Mary W. Noble and Miss Palmer.

On February 16, 1862, Fort Donelson, Mississippi River, fell after a terrible battle, and hospitals in the South, already well filled, were taxed beyond their capacities. This fact suggested that Rome open hospitals. The first was on Broad Street between Fourth Avenue and the old city hall, at Fifth; Dr. Fox had charge, and the matrons were Mrs. Reeves and Mrs. Merck. Several hundred injured were taken into Rome residences, but these were removed when the churches were converted into places of operation, treatment and convalescence.

A hospital association was formed at the court house with Mrs. Nicholas J. Bayard president and Mrs. Wm. A. Fort secretary and treasurer. As usual, the entire county was canvassed for members and supplies. Mrs. J. G. Yeiser received much praise for her tireless efforts with the sick and the wounded. Part of the time of the women was spent cutting ban- dages out of old sheets and the like, and in combing old table cloths for lint. Dr. Robt. Battey was in charge of the hospitals at this time.* Gradually the Northern army came closer to Rome, and the hospitals were moved to Macon and elsewhere farther south.**

Again, in 1867, we see our noble women rally with grateful and loving hearts in a tribute to their dead. The "Ladies' Memorial Association" was organized with Mrs. N. J. Bayard as its first president; Mrs. D. Mack Hood was the second president, Mrs. Thos. W. Alexander the third, until her death; and then Mrs. Henry A. Smith - all kept bright like burning incense the deeds of our beloved brothers, scattered posies and twined the evergreen where our heroes lie. The Daughters of the Confederacy must not let such efforts go unsung. As long as time lasts we will weave garlands of myrtle and ivy for their headstones, and moisten their graves with our tears.

The struggle for food further exemplified the splendid fortitude and spirit of self-Scicrifice among the women. It must be remembered that the blockade of Southern ports was almost "water tight," and that the absence from farm and shop of nearly all the younger men curtailed production enormously.

Many of the articles of food that had been abundant were obtainable no more, and various stibstitutes were employed. For coffee they used rye, wheat, okra seed, dried apples, sweet potatoees and persimmon seed ; the rye and okra seed were simply parched and ground, and sweet potatoes were cut into small pieces, dried and parched.

Salt was so scarce that it was priced the same as sugar in Confederate money in 1862 - $10 a bushel. The salt from meats in smoke houses was used. This was obtained by wetting smoke house earth, and boiling down the drippings until nothing but salt remained. Presently this gave out.

People dipped talloAV and made candles, or poured hog fat into tin moulds. Wicks were put in first, and when cold, the candles were drawn out.

All the leather went into shoes, saddles and pistol holsters for the soldiers. Women's shoe tops were made of coarse duck and dyed black with oil and soot. Shoe strings were made of hard twisted

*In 1863 Dr. Battey had charge of the Bell hospital, and it is presumed this was on Broad between Fourth and Fifth Avenues. He also had charge of the Polk hospital, on the west side of Broad Street between Second and Third Avenues. Polk hospital was moved to Macon.

A Group Which Suggests The Long Ago

At the top is Mrs. T. J. Simmons, for a number of years, with her husband, the head of Shorter College; beside her are Dr. and Mrs. Robt. T. Hoyt; on the left at the bottom is Mrs. W. I. Brookes, then come John Locke Martin, journalist and poet, and Mrs. Mary Eve, of Eve Station.

For soda, corn cobs were burned into ashes and lye made therefrom, and this was mixed with sour milk. Butter bean hulls were used in the same way.

During the autumn, when the sorghum was being ground, peaches, apples, wild grapes and wild cherries furnished the "base" for jams and jellies. The sorghum was used as sweetening, and the product after cooking was called preserves.

Serviceable women's hats were fashioned out of corn shucks, and in fact, every product of nature was utilized in some way, and the people learned indelibly just what is necessary to sustain life, and just what contributes to "high Hfe."

The situation was helped with some families when the Northern troops captured the country. "We have the shelter," invited certain householders. "We have the food," responded many of the boys in blue ; so those who could not be accommodated in tents moved into homes, and shared their food with the occupants. Cooking was done in common.

When the corn was gathered in the fall of 1864, it constituted the principal article of food. Families lived through the winter on lye hominy, grits and sorghum and what little bread they could find.

Eventually the soldiers left and all semblance of authority collapsed. Little food was to be had, and blood-thirsty, plundering vandals stalked through the prostrated communities, robbing and murdering the defenseless inhabitants.

The final surrender in the spring of 1865 brought the men home, and they agreed that the front was little worse ; so all set to work to make something out of little or nothing. How heroically and well they repaired their broken fortunes is a story that furnishes one of the most helpful chapters in the history of Dixieland.

Many cases of extreme danger and acute sulifering were reported from the country districts, Mdiere women often stepped into the places of the men in the fields.

"The most novel thing I have seen in some time was a woman plowing yesterday, with a pistol buckled around her," wrote "R.," a Courier correspondent. May 5, 1863, from Bridgeport, Ala.; and he continued :

She is an intelligent woman, and her husband is in the army at Shelbyville. I asked her why she carried a pistol and she said she knew the thieving disposition of the Federals, and had been dispossessed of everything but one horse and corn barely sufficient to make a crop, and she was determined to defend what was left to the last. One of our men, a noblehearted farmer from Floyd County, was on picket, but being off post at the time, took hold of the plow and assisted her in laying off her corn rows.

Sir, with such women, starvation is out of the question, and subjugation impossible. This woman, with her child sitting in the field, toils away, knowing that justice is God's empire. Let the faint-hearted and effeminate take courage at such examples.

News of Forrest's great victory near Rome has just reached us and disappointment is seen in the countenance of every man of this battalion, because we were not permitted to go on and participate in the brilliant affair so near our homes.

AN INCIDENT of the war wliich vied in spectacnlarity with the Andrews' raid was the Hathaway-Streight incursion into Alabama and Georgia from Tennessee, in April and May, 1863, and the capture of the command by Forrest's force, less than one-third as large. Indeed, this incident was not surpassed by any similar occurrence during the conflict, yet we find the historians (especially outside of the South) complacently sleeping on their pens with regard to it.

There were two circumstances which called for proper exploitation from the native historians and for a degree of silence elsewhere ; 410 men captured 1,466, and the event developed a hero whose ride in certain respects outstripped the well - sung Paul Revere - soldier, silversmith, electro-engraver and manufacturer of cannon.

John H. Wisdom, stage coach driver and rural mail carrier, warned Rome of the enemy's approach, and Gen. Forrest captured them almost at the city's gates. That was Sunday, May 3, 1863 - the first Union troops Romans had seen. Gen. Sherman later complimented Forrest with the statement that "his cavalry will travel 100 miles while ours travels ten." It had been left to the intrepid Confederate general to demonstrate how a small band could pursue such a superior force through the mountains and over the streams of two states and make them lay down their arms. The feat was accomplished through strategy as well as force. After Forrest had sent in a flag of truce, demanding surrender. Col. Abel D. Streight, of the 51st Indiana Volunteers, asked the terms.

"Unconditional surrender, your officers to retain their side arms and personal efifects," was the reply. "I have reinforcements and it is useless for you to sacrifice your men."

Forrest met Streight at the meeting place. Streight wanted to argue, and Forrest wanted an answer. Capt. Henry Poynter dashed up, and Forrest gave him orders for the disposition of certain imaginary units of men ; the order had previously been given to march the artillery around a hill, then out of sight, and to keep them circling the brow. Streight was so impressed that he capitulated. The place was in Alabama near the Georgia line, about 20 miles below Rome.

Great Victory - Great Joy! - The Yankees in Rome at last! Sunday morning last opened at half past two o'clock a. m. with an alarm. Mr. John H. Wisdom, of Gadsden, Ala., and a former resident of this city, reached here after Tiding with hot haste for eleven hours, and gave information, that the enemy were at Gadsden when he left, and were bound for Rome.

Preparations were begun with despatch, and by 9 o'clock in the morning our soldiery and citizens were prepared to give them a warm reception. Two pieces of artillery were placed in position, commanding the road and the bridge, cotton barricades erected at all the defiles of the city, videttes sent out to watch the enemy's approach. Everything was got in readiness for determined resistance. During the morning several couriers with despatches from Gen. Forrest arrived, urging our commander here to hold them at bay for a few hours if possible, at all hazards. About 2 o'clock another despatch from Gen. Forrest, saying he was fighting them at Gaylesville, Ala., with an inferior force.

About 9 o'clock a. m. a small body of the enemy's advance (about 200) reached the environs of the city, and were actually bold enough to dismount and feed their horses almost in sight of the city. They picked up all the horses and mules in the neighborhood, took some citizens prisoners and reconnoitered the defenses of the city. Learning that we were prepared with artillery, they bivouacked, and seemed to await the arrival of the main body. For some cause they retreated about 3 o'clock down the Alabama road. They were pursued by a small but resolute band of citizens, who were determined that the affair should not end thus.

In the meantime, Gen. Forrest had overtaken the main body near Gaylesville, and not far this side of Cedar Bluff. After some slight skirmishing. Gen. Forrest demanded a surrender. An interview was held under flag of truce and the terms of surrender agreed upon. The entire Yankee force, consisting of 1,800 men, were made prisoners of war, and as this included the bold adventurers who had looked with insulting eyes upon the church spires of the city, they, too, were turned into disarmed infantry. They were met by Gen. Forrest's advance, about the same time that our citizen cavalry overtook them in the pursuit.

Gen. Forrest arrived in the city with all the Yankee officers and the small body of troops alluded to on Sunday evening about 6 o'clock p. m. The rest of both forces reached here yesterday morning. But mark what remains to be told.

Gen. Forrest accomplished this bold feat with less than 700 men, though the rest of his command were in supporting distance. Thus terminated the last Sabbath. Such a jubilee Rome has never experienced! Such raptures over Gen. Forrest and his brave men!

When it is considered what a daring raid the enemy aspired to - what an extensive circuit they contemplated - what irreparable damage they had deliberately planned (being the burning of the bridges on the State road, and the destruction of government property at Round Mountain, Dalton and Rome) it is wonderful how Gen. Forrest has managed to prevent the consummation of their designs. With more than 100 miles the start of him, he nevertheless has pressed them so hard with hot pursuit as to prevent material damage being done; except the destruction of the Round Mountain Iron Works in Cherokee County,

Ala., they have done but little damage. Gen. Forrest has lost not exceeding 20 men in this glorious work. He killed and wounded about 300 of the enemy, among them Col. Hathaway, of Indiana. Col. Streight, of Indiana, was commanding the Federal forces.

Heavy reinforcements arrived here yesterday at noon from Atlanta, but owing to the peculiar nature of existing circumstances, they will have nothing to do but guard duty. - Tuesday morning. May 5, 1863.

The Greatest Cavalry Achievement of the War - We had hoped to have been able to furnish our readers with the full particulars of the brilliant and successful achievement of Gen. Forrest in this issue of our paper, but our own business engagements and the constant occupation of the General with his official duties have rendered it impossible for us to obtain all the facts necessary for the preparation of such an article. Our readers may expect a full history in our next issue, and until we can give a full and succinct account of this brilliant campaign and glorious victory, we will refrain from further comment. - May 7, 1863.

Picnic to Gen. Forrest and His Brave Men on Saturday Next - Contributions expected from all the citizens of the county who feel able and willing to give honor to whom honor is due. Bring sufficient supplies, ready cooked and prepared; bring for 20 men if you can, or for 10 men, or for 5, besides a sufficient supply for your own family who attend. Report your name, with the number you will provide for, to one of the undersigned: A. G. Pitner, T. G. Watters, C. H. Smith, A. M. Sloan, T. McGuire; Rome, Ga., May 4, 1863.

We learn that the number of Yankees paroled (by Gen. Forrest in the capture of Streight) was 1,466 - officers and men. They were all sent off on Tuesday last.

Rumor, with her thousand tongues, has got every one of them going, and there is no end to the wild reports that are in circulation. Report is having it that all North Georgia and Alabama are swarming with Yankees.

A large number of horses were in the streets on Tuesday, many of which were identified as having been stolen by the Yankees in their recent raid through the country.

of Rosencrantz's army, and were really mounted infantry, having been drilled in both services. It is repoi-ted that Rosencrantz had offered them a bounty of $300 apiece and a discharge from the service to accomplish their object, which was to destroy Rome and the State road bridges. And better subjects for such infernal designs could scarcely have been selected, for a more villainous-looking set of scoundrels it has never been our misfortune to have seen before, and that, too, with scarcely an exception. What an escape a merciful Providence has vouchsafed to Rome!

We noticed a telegram stating that the citizens of Rome met and fought the Yankees here on Sunday last. The only fighting was done by a few independent scouts and videttes, who tried a round or two at them. But we learn that they were much surprised, as they expected to march in without any opposition.

Tory Band - A citizen of Jackson County tells us that a number of Tories have banded themselves together in Sand Mountain (Ala.) to resist conscription and the arrest of deserters - that they worsted a company, more or less, of Confederate cavalry who went there to arrest deserters and conscripts, some eight or ten days ago; that the facts have been reported to Tullahoma headquarters, and a force has been detailed sufficient to overcome the Tories. (Huntsville Confederate.) - Thursday, May 7, 1863.

The Most Brilliant Feat of the War - Soon after the fight between the Federals and Col. Roddy near Tuseumbia, Ala., a column of 2,000 Federal cavalry, all under command of Col. Hathaway, of the 73rd Indiana Cavalry, consisting of the 73rd and 51st Indiana, 80th Illinois, and 3rd Ohio, diverged south, with two mountain Howitzers, with a view to cross the Sand Mountain and strike the Ceosa River at Gadsden, Ala.; thence pass the Round Mountain and Chattooga River Iron Works, to Rome; thence to Dalton, Ga. ; thence through East Tennessee and join Rosencrantz with a view to destroying the towns, bridges, iron foundries, railroads, commissary supplies on this entire I'oute, making a raid of some 1,500 miles.

This was a daring, well-planned, well-executed expedition, as far as it went. The troops and commanders were regarded as select, and the inducements to success were strong and overwhelming with the well-known Yankee character. The plunder and stealage belonged to the capturers. In the event of success, each member of the raid was to receive a gold medal, $300 in gold, and a discharge from the service during the war. To accelerate their movements they seized every valuable horse and mule that they could find, taking them from wagons, buggies, stables or plows, and as their surplus increased, dropping out their own weak and broken-down stock, and by this means always keeping mounted on fresh stock.

On Wednesday, the 29th, Gen. Forrest, with 500 mounted men and two brass cannon, started in pursuit, the Federals having taken a lead of about 80 miles. On Thursday night he overtook them, fought and repulsed them on Sand Mountain; in this fight Gen. Forrest had his horse killed under him. l^rom that time onward, until Sunday, the 3rd of May, the time of the final surrender of the Federals, he fought and drove them back, or rather, forward, about three times every 24 hours.

bridge behind them and otherwise obstructing the road as best they could. Forrest fought them near Major Blount's plantation Friday evening or Saturday morning. Here their commander-in-chief, Hathaway, was killed. The command then devolved on Col. Streight, of the 51st Indiana. As they passed onward they destroyed the Round Mountain Iron Works. Crossing Chattooga River, they destroyed the bridge. Some time during Saturday night, Gen. Forrest succeeded in crossing the river, and fell on them Sunday afternoon at Mrs. Lawrence's, about five miles east of Gaylesville, and here after a short fight, terms of capitulation for the entire Federal forces was agreed upon, and the Federals stacked their arms.

The first intimation the people of Rome had of the raid was the arrival of Mr. John H. Wisdom, from Gadsden, giving information of the rapid approach of the Federals. Tremendous excitement, and be it said to the discredit of some, much liquor was wasted, doubtless to screw up their courage to the fighting point. By 8 p. m. two cannon, with barricades of cotton bags, were mounted and placed in position on the river bank. The citizens from the country flocked in with their rifles and squirrel guns, and there soon were enough to make a pretty formidable fight, if they had lieen under any sort of organization. But the organization amounted to as near none as possible. About half past 8 some pickets and videttes went out and a short distance from the city encountered the enemy's advance pickets. Here some skirmishing for several hours took place between the enemy and these pickets and some citizens who had advanced on the enemy. About 2 p. m. the enemy very suddenly and apparently in a great hurry mounted and retreated down the road, followed by our skirmishers. They met Gen. Forrest and his party about 8 or 9 miles below Rome, Col. Streight and all the Federal officers being their prisoners. It is said the reason of the sudden departure of the Federals from Shorter's was a courier from Col. Streight, their commander, informing them that they were prisoners of war, and had been for eight hours.

About 6 p. m. Gen. Forrest, with 120 Federal officers and this detachment reached the city, under such booming of cannon and rejoicing as has never been seen in Rome, and may never again. Indeed, it was right and just to him and his brave men. But for the noble and gallant Forrest and his equally noble and gallant men, who had pursued and fought this band of outlaws, robbers and murderers for five consecutive days and nights, almost without eating or sleeping, our beautiful little Mountain City would at this hour be in ashes, and many of our best citizens robbed and murdered. A thousand blessings upon them, and a thousand prayers for them!

In their vanity and folly some of our vain and swaggering people are trying to claim credit to themselves for this glorious success of the truly indomitable and noble Forrest. If we did anything, it was clumsily done. Forrest has justly won for himself by this almost superhuman effort a title to a major generalship, and if he is not promoted, he will not have justice done him, especially when it is remembered that with a picked force of Federals, four to his one, he dashed on them by day and by night, and in chasing them a little over 200 miles, he killed or captured the last one of them, with all their cannon, arms, horses, stores, etc., killing outright their leader and 300 men, with a loss of only 10 killed and 40 wounded. And he thereby saved millions of dollars worth of property from destruction by the hands of the cowardly scoundrels and vandals.

We of North Alabama and Northwestern Georgia will cheer him and reiterate our cheers for him, and never cease until he shall receive a major general's commission. We have but one complaint to make. We thought he was a little too lenient to the impudent, boasting, threatening, cowardly Federal officers.

A Citizen Of Rome

To Arms! To Arms! - The citizens of Floyd and surrounding counties are requested to meet in Rome on Thursday next at 11 o'clock a. m.. May 14, to form a military organization for repelling the thieving, house-burning and vandal foe that may venture on our soil. Let everybody come and go to work in earnest.

Defend Your Homes and Your Property. - It will be seen from a notice in this issue of our paper that the citizens of Floyd and the surrounding counties are called on to meet at the court house in this city on Thursday night, the 14th inst., for the purpose of forming a military organization for the protection of their homes and their property. This is a highly important movement and we give it our most cordial and hearty endorsement. Let every boy and man from 15 to 60 years old fall into line and stand up for the protection of their mothers.

wives and sisters. If the love of country does not move you, these sacred claims will surely spur you to action. It is plain now that the enemy, being foiled and routed upon every field of general engagement, has determined to turn loose his army in marauding bands, to dash through our country with torch and sword, to burn and

Let all the people in this and the surrounding counties meet in this city on next Thursday; and the ladies vidll do well to encourage this movement by their presence - they are all wanted. Come, ladies, and bring your sons and your husbands. - May 9, 1863.

The Yankee Priso7}ers at Rome. - Among this batch of thieves and murderers was found two companies of North Alabama Tories; and amongst them a man by the name of Funderburk, who was born and raised within three miles of Rome. This villainous whelp had a gallant brother in the Eighth Georgia who fell covered with honor and glory at the First Battle of Manassas, July 21st, 1861. This scoundrel, with his widowed mother, moved to the Sand Mountain in 1852, and since the death of his brother has been here trying to get a share of his honored brother's estate. He admits he piloted the Yankees to this place. He is safely under lock in jail. There was also found among them a man by the name of Phillips, who was raised in Forsyth County, Georgia. He is alleged to be a Confederate deserter. He is with Funderburk, together with a Methodist preacher, who says his name is Brown, who the Yankees say also piloted them, and many years ago was a circuit rider in Floyd. But no such a man ever rode the circuit in this county.

The prisoners generally were remarkably impudent and insulting, especially the officers. One of their officers, a major, publicly cursed Gen. Forrest on the streets for a scoundrel and a rascal, stating that when Forrest demanded a surrender the Yankee negotiators were trying to get the best terms possible, and Forrest suddenly appeared to get very mad. Swore he would wait no longer, that he would rather kill the whole of them than not; ordered his couriers immediately to direct the commanders of four separate batteries to place them on separate points of hills; and ordered the commanders of four separate regiments to be formed immediately at particular points in line of battle, and that the couriers absolutely dashed off, as though they were going to have these orders executed. And as they dashed off, Forrest told them his signal gun would be fired in ten minutes, when in fact (he said) the rascal had but two little cannon, and not more than a half regiment all told. Finally, that Forrest was nothing but a damned swindler.

The impudent whelps, openly on the streets, avowed their intention to be back here in less than three months, burn up the town and hang every man in it because, they say, they were bushwhacked. This, of course, is an idle boast of the poor cowardly devils, to cover up their shame and disgrace. They said they did not come into Rome just as they expected; that they could stand all that; but such a number of them to be gobbled up by a little squad of "dirty, snotty-nosed butternuts" was past endurance.

We regret to learn that Capt. Forrest, a brother of the General's, commanding a company in his old regiment, was severely and it is feared mortally wounded in the recent running fight with the Yankees from Courtland to Rome.

The Steamer Laura Moore blew her whistle off yesterday morning as she was about signalling her departure. Her steam escaping prevented her departure. - Saturday, May 9, 1863.

So many onreliable persuns will be sirkulatin spewrius akkounts of the "Grand Rounds" tuk by the infernal Yankees in these Roman-tik rejuns, that I think it highly proper you should git the streight of it from one who seed it with his eyes, and hearn it with his years, and a piece of it fell on his big toe.

More than 200 years ago Genrul D. Soto had a big fight with the Injuns on or about these consekrated grounds. Since that time an oninterrupted peece hav rained around these classic hills and hollers. Flowers hav bloomed sweetly, lambs hav skipd about, dog fennel hav yallered the ground, and the Coosa river, which were then a little spring branch, hav grown _ both wide and deep, until now the majestik steamboat can float upon its bosom, and the big mud cat gobble up the yearthworms what chance to fall into its watters.

afore the broke of day, on Sunday, the third of May, 1863, eighteen hundred and 63, the cityzens of the eternal city were arowsed from their slumbers with the chorus of the Marsales hymn, "To arms, to arms, ye brave! Abe Linkhorn are pegging away, and the Yankees are ridin to Rome on a raid!" Ah! then were the time to try men's soles ! But there were no panik, no skedadlin, to shakin of nees - but one universal determynation to do s?o»» thin. The burial squad organized fust and foremost and begun to inter ther money, and spoons and 4 pronged forks, and sich like about the premises. Babies were sent to the rear. Hosses hid in the cane brake. Cows milked oncominon dry. Cashiers and bank agents carried off their phunds in a pair of saddle bags, which very much exposed ther facilities and the small compass of ther resources. It were, however, a satisfactory solushun of ther refusin to discount for the last 3 months. Skouts were sent out on every road to snuff the tainted breeze. Kotton bags were piled up across every high way and low way. Shot guns and cannon and powder and ball were brought to the front. The yeomanry and the melishy jined a squad of Confederate troops and formed in line of battle. They were marched across the Oustanawly River, and then the plank of the bridge torn up so that they couldn't retreat. This were done, however, at ther own valyunt request, because of the natural weakness of the flesh. They determined jintly and sevrally, firmly by these presents, to do sumthin.

Two cracked cannon, what had holes in the ends, and two or three on the side, were propped up between the kotten bags, and pinted dead straight down the road to Alabam. They were fust loaded with buckshot and tacks, and then a round ball rammed on top. The ball were to take the raid in front, and the bullets and tacks to rake 'em in the pklanks. These latter it was supposed would go through the cracks in the sides and shoot around generally. Everybody and everything determined to die in their tracks, or do sximthin.

The steamboats dropped quietly down the river to get out of the thick of the fight. The sharp shooters got on top of semmetery hill with ther repeaters and pokit pistols. The videttes dashed with spy glasses to the top of the court house to see a fur off. Dashin Comanchy couriers rode onruly steeds to and fro, like a fiddler's

At this critical junkture, and previous and afterwards, reports were brought into these Head Quarters, and all other quarters, to the effeck that 10,000 Yankees were kummin, and 5,- 000 and 2,000, and any other number; that they were ten miles from town, and 6 miles, and 2 miles, and any other number of miles; that they were on the Alabam road, and the Cave Spring road, and the River road, and any other road; that they were crossin the river at Quin's Ferry, and Williamson's Ferry, and Bell's Ferry, and any other ferry; that they had tuck the Steembote Laura Moore, and Chirokee and Alfaratta, and any other steembote; that they had shot at a Comanchy rider, and hit him in the coat tail, or his hosses tail, or any other tale; that they had seezed Sis Morris, or Bill Morris, or Jep Morris, or any other Morris. In fak, a man could hear anything by gwine about, and more too.

Shore enuf, however, the important crisis which were to have arriven did actually arriv, about 10 o'klock in the mornin, a. m., on May 3rd, 1863. I am thus portikler, Mr. Editurs, bekaus it are to be entered on next year's almynak as a remarkabul event. The head of the raid did aktully arriv at the suburbin villa of Mr. Myers, and thar it stoped to rekonnoiter. Thar they learned as how we had 600 head of artillery, and 6,000 kotton bags, and a permiskous number infantry taktix, and we were only waitin to see the whites of their eyes. Also that the history of Gen. Jackson at New Orleans wer red in publik, and that everything were inspired to do sumthin; whereupon the head of the raid turned pale, and sent forward a picket. At this onspishus moment a foot skout on our side let fly a whistlen bullit, which tuk effek somewhat in those rejuns. It were reasonably suposed that one Yankee were killed, and perhaps two, for even to this time sumthing dead can be smelt in those parts, tho' the buryal squad had not been able to find it up to yestiddy. After right smart skirmishin, the head of the raid feu back down the road to the Alabam, and were persued by our mounted yeomanry at a respectabul distance.

Now Mr. Adeer & Smith, while all these vaylunt feets were going on hereabouts. Gen. Forrest had been fighting the body and tail of the raid away down at the Alabam line. Finally he proposed to the raid to stop fightin and play a game or two of poker, under a cedar tree, which they aksepted. But the Ginerul were not in luck and he had a pore hand, and had stalked his last dollar. The Yankees had a Streight, which would hav tuk Forrest and raked down the pile, but he looked on rite in the eye and sed he would see 'm, and "4,000 better." The raid looked at him, and he looked at the raid, and never blinked. The raid trembled all over it boots, and gin it up. The Generul bluffed 'em, and ever since that game was played, the little town hard by has bin called Cedar Bluff. It were flush times in the Alabam, that day, shore!

Well, Mr Editurs, you know the sequil. The Generul bagged 'em and broght 'em on. The planks were put back on the bridge. The river bank infantry countermarched and fired a permiscous volley in token of jewbilee. One of the side-swipin cannon went off on its own hook, and the ball went ded thx-ough a house and tore a buro all to flinders. Sum sed it were a Niter Buro, but a potash man who examined sed he reckin not, for ther weren't no ashes in the drawers, nor naro ash hopper on the premises.

pickets all kum in, and shuk ther ambrosial locks and received the congratulations of ther friends. Then begun the ovashun of fair women and brave men to Gen. Forrest and his gallant boys Bokays and tears were all mixed up promiskous. Big chunks of cake and gratitude were distributed generally and frequent. Strawberries and cream, eggs and inyuns, pies and pancakes - all flew aroun amazin, for everybody was determined to do sHmthi}i. Gen. Forrest subsided, and General Jewbilee tuk command, and Rome herself again. The 4 pronged forks and silver spoons ros from the dead and even the old hen what one of our city aldemen had hurried with her head out, was disinterred and sacrificed immediately for the good of the kountry.

The Orthor

The Yankee cavalry roamed a little too far from home when they ventured a journey to Rome. The citizens thereof were Romans enough to meet them in battle array, and Forrest, at Rome, was the "noblest Roman of them all." - Rebel.

Proclamation. - To the Citizens of Rome : A little more than a week ago our city was beleaguered by the most lawless band of incendiaries that ever disgraced humanity. This enemy came with "lust in his eye, poverty in his purse and hell in his heart. He came a robber and a murderer." But at our very threshold he was arrested by the Lord God of Hosts. Thus we were delivered, and thus our city was saved from destruction. Under such circumstances it is right, proper and our bounden duty as a people to bow down in adoring thankfulness to that kind F'ather whose everlasting arms have been around, about and underneath us, to protect us from harm, and it is our duty and privilege to ascribe to him all the honor of our deliverance.

Now, therefore, I, John M. Gregory, mayor of the City of Rome, do issue this, my proclamation, setting apart Wednesday, the 13th inst., as a day of thanksgiving and prayer to Almighty God for the great mercies vouchsafed to us, and I do therefore earnestly invite the people of the city to assemble at their respective places of worship on that day, and to unite in rendering thanks and praise to God. Given under my hand and seal of office, this May 11, 1863. J. M. Gregory, Mayor of the City of Rome. - Tuesday, May 12, 1863.

Gen. Forrest and the Citizens of Rome - As a slight appreciation of the services of the gallant Forrest in saving our beautiful city from sack and flames, at the hands of the ruthless vandals, who lately came to lay our homes in desolation, a suggestion was made that it would be expressive of our gratitude to present the General with a fine horse, and in the course of an hour or two over $1,000 was contributed for this purpose. But. Col. A. M. Sloan, anticipating the movement, on his own private account presented Gen. Forrest with his splendid saddle horse, for which he would not on any other account have taken the best negro fellow in the State. This was an appropriate and magnificent offering on the part of Col. Sloan.*

We are advised that the money which had been contributed by the citizens for this purpose was turned over to Gen. Forrest to be used for the benefit of the sick and wounded of his command.

The Alabama Traitors. - We have had the pleasure of reading a letter from Gov. Shorter, of Alabama, to Surgeon P. C. Winn, in regard to the Alabama traitors captured by Gen. P'orrest in North Alabama, in which the Governor says he has demanded "under the order of President Davis> all the officers taken in Alabama, found serving with armed slaves," etc.

Perhaps no event of the war has caused more profound regret throughout the Confederacy or more real satisfaction to the Yankees than the death of glorious old Stonewall Jackson. After having made such hairbreadth escapes from Yankee bullets he has died at last at the hands of his own men. His memory is embalmed in the hearts of the people, and his name vdll live through all times.