Huron County, Ohio - The whole text, 1909 (part 21 of 29)

Two of the highly esteemed physicians of Greenwich township are Drs. Robert H. and Bushnell K. Reynolds, father and son. only are they able practitioners, but they are also public-spirited men, who have contributed their share to the advancement and progress of the community. Robert H. Reynolds was born April 25, 1846, in Greenwich township, in a house constructed for the greater part of walnut timber, that is still used for a dwelling, though it has been moved to the village. He is the son of Dr. Henry and Harriet (Marble) Reynolds, both of whom were born and reared in the state of New York, the latter in Oswego county. Dr. Henry Reynolds was married in Cooperstown, New York. In 1839, he went to Tennessee, where he remained a year, and then came to Huron county, Ohio, taking up the practice of his profession, for which he had prepared himself before leaving the state of his nativity. He was the father of nine children: Angeline, Russell N., Esther, Lavilla, Hannah, William B., Harriet E., Cornelia A. and Robert H., all of whom with the exception of Harriet E., who died in infancy, grew to maturity before he was called to his last resting place, at the age of seventy-eight. His wife had died six years before, in May, 1874, and but three of the large family now survives, Russell N., of Chicago Junction; Cornelia, the widow of Julius H. Hulburt, of Plymouth, Huron county; and Dr. Robert H. Dr. Henry Reynolds was a man interested and active in public affairs. He was a republican in politics, was an ordained elder in the Methodist Episcopal church, and in the course of his long and busy life, was widely known and highly respected.

Robert H. Reynolds was educated in the public schools of Greenwich township, later attending the Maumee City Academy. He received his medical training in the Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincinnati, from which he was graduated in 1872, and he entered upon the practice of his profession almost immediately, coming to Greenwich township, which has been the scene of his labors continuously since, save for the year 1883, spent in Taylor county, Texas. He went there with the intention of establishing himself in profession, but the climatic conditions were so unfavorable, that he was compelled to return to Ohio. While his duties as a physician have kept Dr. Reynolds very busy, he has taken an active interest in public affairs and has found some time to give to the service of the public. At three distinct times, he acted as coroner for the county, was twelve years justice of the peace, and for the space of four years, was a member of the school board, of which he was president for a time. politics, he is an ardent republican, and in 1900 was given the nomination for state senator from Huron, Erie, Ottawa and Sandusky counties. This is a strong democratic locality, but Dr. Reynolds reduced the majority of his opponent to something less than two hundred, which is a slight evidence of his strength before the people.

On the 8th of July, 1873, was solemnized the marriage of Dr. Reynolds to Miss Helen M. Washburn, the daughter of Charles A. and Mary E. (Griffin) Washburn. The families of both parents came to Ohio from New York, and the father had the distinction of having been the second white child born in Greenwich township. The mother, however, was seventeen years of age when her parents came here, and for two years before her marriage taught in the schools of the township. Both parents have now been dead for a number of years, but in the days of his activity, Mr. Washburn was a successful farmer and stock raiser. Dr. and Mrs. Reynolds have been blessed with a family of five children: James C., who died in infancy ; Bushnell R., a practicing physician of Greenwich; Rhena H., deceased ; Glide A., a student at the Ohio State University ; and D. Chauncey, still in school and living at home.

Dr. Reynolds belongs to several fraternal organizations, and others that are connected with his profession. He is a member of Greenwich Lodge, F. & A.

M. ; a charter member of the O. K. Lodge, Knights of Pythias ; Greenwich Lodge, No. 640, I. O. O. F.; and with his wife belongs to the Eastern Star and the Daughters of Rebekah. In all of these societies he takes an active interest, and has frequently represented the different lodges at the grand meetings of organizations. He belongs to the Ohio State Eclectic Medical Association ; is president of the special board of pension examiners located at Chicago Junction. He is very active also on the county pension board, which aims to take care of the needy blind. In the councils of the republican party, he has played some part, having been a member of the republican county central committee and frequently a delegate to district county and state conventions. In matters of religion, he and his wife give their support to the Methodist Episcopal church, in whose work they are both sincerely interested. In short, Dr. Reynolds is a man of great public spirit, who favors public improvements, such as contribute to the credit and material progress and comfort of the community, and has not been averse to doing his share toward bringing these things to pass.

Bushnell Ray Reynolds, the son of Dr. Robert H. Reynolds, was born December r, 1875, in Greenwich village. He was graduated from the Greenwich high school in 1894 and from there went to the Ohio Wesleyan University in Delaware, remaining there two years. He then went to the Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincinnati and was graduated from that institution with the class of 1899, entering the same year upon the practice of his profession in Greenwich. In the ten years that he has ministered to the physical wants of the people here, he has attained for himself a notable success and a high reputation; for not only is he endowed with the qualities of an able practitioner, but he also makes every effort to keep abreast of the advances made in his profession. He is a constant student by predilection, and in the winter of 1907-8, took a postgraduate course in the school from which he received training. Like his father, he is a republican and interested in public matters, though he has never sought an office at the disposal of the people.

On the 28th of October, 1900, Dr. B. R. Reynolds married Miss Elleva E. Stewart, a daughter cf Francis W. and Phoebe (Mann) Stewart, of Fairfield township. Her father was of Scotch descent, her grandfather, Daniel Stewart, having come from Scotland with his parents at the age of eight years. The latter became famous as a lake captain and followed the lakes for a long period of years. He was a man of singularly powerful frame and robust constitution and was ninety-six years of age when he died, on the 6th of March, 1908. Francis W. Stewart was a farmer of Huron county and was well and widely kaown. He died December 29, 1898, and his wife two years later, dying on the 14th of October, 1900. Mr. and Mrs. Stewart had two daughters: Julia R., the wife of ]. W. Muckley, a traveling salesman, who resides in the state of Washington; and Elleva F., the wife of Dr. Reynolds. Mrs. Reynolds was for years one of the popular teachers of the Greenwich schools and still retains her interest in the subject of public education. She has the distinction of having received her county certificate at the age of fifteen and of having entered upon her vocation before she became sixteen. She is a woman of refinement and intellectual attainments, and under her leadership the Reynolds home has become a factor in the social and literary life of the village.

Dr. Bushnell R. Reynolds, like his father, belongs to several organizations He is a member of the Ohio State Eclectic Medical Association, and the Greenwich Lodge, No. 640, I. O. O. E, and the O. K. Lodge, K. P., of Greenwich include him in their membership roll. He also belongs to the Uniform Rank of Knights of Pythias, of Shelby, Ohio and with his wife is a member of the Daughters of Rebekah. Another means of recreation in which Dr. Reynolds indulges, are fine horses and a day's hunting or fishing. He is a man of progressive spirit, deeply interested in the welfare of the community in which he lives, and is one who views matters from an optimistic standpoint, and the good will of the people toward him promises well for his future success.

Charles W. Manahan

Few attain the ripe old age Charles W. Manahan, who has now passed the ninety-sixth milestone on the journey of life. His former years of industry and activity have supplied him with a handsome competence, so that now in the evening of life, he can enjoy all the comforts to be obtained, while at the same time he commands the full respect and veneration of one of his years. Born in the Empire state, May 16, 1813, his parents were Thomas and Violetta (Silcox) Manahan, the former a native of New Jersey, and the latter of New York.

Charles W. Manahan, when but twenty years of age, came to Ohio in the spring of 1833, this being then a frontier district. He addressed himself to the tasks which western life presented and with steadiness and courage met the problems which confronted him. He first engaged in carpentering, but after a short time gave his attention to the manufacture of wagons and carriages on his own account, when all such labor was then performed by hand. After about three years thus engaged, he sold out, taking wagons as payment, and these he traded for horses, which he took to his native county, Cayuga county, New York, where he disposed of them for cash. He then returned to the Buckeye state and discharged his indebtedness on farm land which he had contracted for and also made additional purchases, buying in all one hundred acres. While serving his apprenticeship at Auburn, New York, he assisted in making the first threshing machine ever made in the United States, and later he and his brother constructed three machines in Norwalk, two of which they sold, but abandoned the work on account of the labor required in its perfection.

It was in 1849, that Mr. Manahan established a home of his own by his marriage to Miss Delana Wheeler, who was born in Massachusetts. Bringing his bride to Huron county, they began their domestic life in true pioneer style in a log shanty on his father's farm, his own newly acquired farm having as yet no buildings thereon. His wife, though born of wealthy parents and leaving a comfortable home in the east, proved herself a worthy helpmate to her husband and at once submitted to the privations necessary to assist him in establishing a good home on the frontier. Having previously worked for a year and a half at the carpenter's trade, he found this knowledge of the trade of material value in building his own home, performing all the work from digging the cellar to plaster- ing and painting the house. After about three years, he disposed of his one hundred acre tract and purchased an improved farm. For three years, he there engaged in general agricultural pursuits and then, believing money could be made in the sheep industry, he began buying of his neighbors, selecting only the largest and best grades of animals, and in the fall of 1849, he had a flock of two hundred head, which he fed during the winter. In the following spring - 1850 - he shipped his sheep to New York city, where he disposed of them for eight hundred dollars and with this capital, he purchased a stock of goods and opened a general store in Olena. For twelve years, he was thus engaged, building up an extensive business in Olena and the surrounding country. He took in payment for his merchandise, butter, eggs, wool and various commodities, which he shipped to the city markets, where he secured cash for them. the meantime he bought wool for a Boston manufacturer, his annual purchases amounting to between forty and fifty thousand pounds. He also built an ashery on his farm. He secured a team and a man, who visited the farmers and bought their ashes, trading for the same goods from the store. Mr. Manahan then converted the ashes. into potash, which he shipped to the New York market. He also bought colts for from thirty to thirty-five dollars each and, putting them on his farm, kept them until they were about three years old, when he would sell them at a good profit and use the money to buy more land. In this way, he accumulated two hundred and thirtythree acres in one body, which cost him at an average of twenty dollars per acre and which he disposed of in 1865 at fifty dollars per acre. It was by these various methods that Mr. Manahan gained a good start in life and his success continued throughout his active connection with business interests.

It was while busily engaged with his mercantile enterprise that Mr. Manahan was appointed by the government as inspector of horses, with which to equip the First Ohio Cavalry, their headquarters being at Monroeville. During his four year's service, he bought and shipped more than one thousand head. At the expiration of that period, he turned his attention to buying and improving city property. His first purchase consisted of ten acres on West Main street in Norwalk, for which he paid two thousand dollars, while he spent an additional five hundred dollars in improving the same. He eventually disposed of a portion of this - the portion which had a frontage on Main street - for seven thousand, five hundred dollars. Two years later, he sold one lot to Mr. Jackson, of Norwalk. In the meantime, Mr. Manahan took teams and went into the woods, digging up maple trees, which he transplanted in the streets of Norwalk, this being now one of the most beautiful residence district of the city. He also planted evergreen trees and other shrubbery on a lot, which he contemplated making a building spot for his own home, but later abandoned the idea and disposed of the lot to W. W. Graham, which is his present place of abode.

Eventually Mr. Manahan again engaged in business Norwalk, becoming a member of the firm which conducted business under the name of Parker, Manahan & Taber. His time was thus occupied for twelve years, when being then a man of seventy, Mr. Manahan decided to dispose of his interests and retire to private life. However, he could not content himself in idleness and purchased a tract of land in Norwalk, opened up a street, now known as Manahan avenue, and here he built eight houses and beautified the street by planting trees on each side of the highway, which he himself had dug in the woods. He further improved his property by putting in gas and water, independent of the city system. He still owns this residence property, deriving therefrom a good rental. He likewise carries four thousand dollars in stock in the Chase piano factory, having been a director in the A. B. Chase Company for thirty-five years.

Although he is now more than ninety-six years of age, he is still hale and hearty and manages his own business affairs, takes care of his garden, attends to all repairs made in his houses, and makes frequent trips on foot to the cemetery, a mile and a quarter distant, where his wife and two sons lie buried. In his family were three children, but Charles W., Jr., and William Kendall are both deceased. His daughter, Mrs. David W. Peckham, is now a widow and resides with him. A republican in politics, he still takes a deep interest in public affairs, and from 1862 until 1866, he served as treasurer of Huron county. His religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Congregational church. He is also a member of the Firelands Historic Society.

Mr. Manahan arrived in Huron county during its pioneer epoch and when he located here in 1833, he purchased fifty acres of land within six miles of where the enterprising and progressive city of Norwalk now stands for three dollars per acre, while his father, Thomas Manahan, bought two hundred acres in the same district at the same figure. Although he could not see in advance the full importance of the work which he was accomplishing, the result is today seen in the various sections of Norwalk which have been improved and beautified by his own hand, while the income which he now derives from his invested interests, supplies him with every needed comfort. Although he is now necessarily on the declining side of life, he bears his years well and no man in Norwalk and Huron county is held in higher esteem and regard than is Charles W. Manahan.

Edward Denman

There is within the borders of Huron county hardly a man who has remained here as long as Mr. Denman, who for eighty-nine years has resided in this portion of the state. He has lived to see the pioneer log cabins replaced by commodious and substantial homes, the forests converted into rich fields, the wild animals supplanted by high grades of live stock, while churches, schools, libraries and other evidences of intellectual and moral culture are found on every hand.

Edward Denman was born September 4, 1820, in Huron county, his parents being John and Miranda (Blackman) Denman. The father, a native of England, was born in the county of Kent, March 25, 1791, and when six years of age came to America with his parents, the family home being established in Sullivan county, New York. He came to Ohio in 1816 as a young man with nothing but his ax as his capital. He possessed firm and determined purpose, however, - qualities which enabled him to overcome the difficulties and obstacles of business life - and. he met with undaunted courage the hardships and privations that come to those who locate on the frontier. The Blackman family had been established in Ohio four years before. Traveling westward by wagon, they had settled in the midst of the green forest, where they had to clear a spot large enough on which to build a cabin. Thus they began life in the west, facing all the difficulties and dangers of pioneer life. John Denman used his ax to good advantage, cutting away the forest trees and working for different pioneers in the locality until he gradually accumulated enough money to enable him to enter a claim from the government. After a few years he married Miranda Blackman, who was a native of Niagara county, New York. They became the parents of nine sons and five daughters, Edward, William, John, Henry, Charles, Roxanna, Ann, Laura, Miranda, Mary P., Amos, Ambrose B. C., Martin and Leverett B. Of these seven are yet living, Edward, Henry, Martin, Leverett B., Amos, Laura and Mary. Edward is the only one who has retained his residence in this state. The father prospered in his undertaking as the years passed by and became a large landowner, his farms comprising about seven hundred acres. He was very active in the development of the county, contributing in substantial measure to its growth and improvement and he was, moreover, a positive and leading spirit in matters pertaining to the public welfare. To his family he gave the best advantages that frontier life afforded and made liberal provision for his children. He was also a charitable man along the lines of practical giving to the worthy poor. He died at his home in Florence, Erie county, Ohio, March 23, 1878, and his wife passed away March 24, 1887, the remains of both being interred in the Birmingham cemetery.

Edward Denman, whose name introduces this record, remained with his father upon the home farm until twenty-two years of age, and profited by such educational advantages as were at that time afforded in the neighborhood. The district school convened in a little log building for a few weeks each year and during that period Mr. Denman was instructed in the common branches of learning. At the age of thirteen years he was capable of driving a two yoke ox-team in the logging camp and as his capacity for farm work increased it lessened his opportunity of attending school, his last term being when he was seventeen years of age.

At the age of twenty-two he left the old home farm and began earning his living in the employ of others at thirty-seven and a half cents per day, or ten dollars per month. At the end of two years he determined to engaged in business for himself and rented a farm from his father on a cash basis. That year he harvested an immense hay crop, all cut in stumpy meadows with sickles and scythes, but he found that there was no market for the hay after he had had it stacked. He consequently bought several hundred sheep on credit - for he had little capital - that he might feed to them this hay through the winter, and by diligence, perseverance and hard work he met success in this undertaking and prospered from the start. The idea of paying rent, however, annoyed him and he determined to purchase a farm. Carrying out this resolution, he bought one hundred acres of timber land and contracted with some young men to clear thirty acres of this to be ready for fall wheat sowing. This was accomplished and from the thirty acres he threshed over six hundred bushels of wheat the following summer. The product was sold at a good price and with his wool clips and his increase flocks he began to see success ahead. The second year another thirty acres was cleared and put under cultivation and very soon more land was purchased and his acres broadened and his wealth increased. Those were the days in which ox-teams were exclusively used and part of a teamster's equipment was always an ax with which to cut away obstructions that might block the rude roads through the forests. Many discouragements beset the way of the early settler but Mr. Denman possessed a courageous spirit and firm purpose and, undaunted by the hardships and obstacles which he met, he persevered on his way until success attended his labors.

When he had secured a farm of his own he felt that he was justified in taking another important step in life and was married on the 13th of October, 1847, to Miss Jane Archer, a daughter of Joseph and Adeline (Kelley) Archer, both of whom were natives of New York city. In 1837 they arrived in Florence, in what was then Huron county, where the father engaged in farming, but he only lived a short time after coming to Ohio. His wife lived to the age of eighty years. Mr. and Mrs. Denman became the parents of six children: Joseph A., Adeline, John E., Jennie A., Annabelle and Louise, all living with the exception of the last named. The mother, who was devoted to the welfare of her household and possessed many excellent traits of heart and mind, passed away June 15, 1895.

The farm which Mr. Denman originally purchased was located on what is known as Butler road in Wakeman township. It was to that place that he brought his bride and they began housekeeping in a log cabin which he had already prepared. The dwelling, however, was rather pretentious for those times, with its plastered walls, good board floors, brick chimneys and a second story which was divided into bedrooms. The young couple started out happily and as the years passed Mr. Denman labored earnestly and perseveringly, adding to his acres from time to time. He engaged successfully in general farming and took up sheepraising on an extensive scale, at times having a clip of wool that brought him as high as eighteen hundred dollars. His sheep were of the Delaine variety and of pure breed, some of his animals selling for high prices. He also bred and raised fine thoroughbred horses, which sold for a high figure, and was likewise a successful fruit grower, his orchards producing fine specimens of fruit that brought top prices on the market. his farm the work of improvement was steadily carried on until it was all under a high state of cultivation and was probably the best improved property in the locality, his fields being most extensive and equal, if not superior, to all others in the quality of crops raised. In the fall of 1903 advancing age decided Mr. Denman to leave the farm and remove to a desirable location near the village of Wakeman, where he has erected a comfortable modern home and all conveniences and there he and his daughter Jennie reside, enjoying the comforts which a well spent and prosperous business life provides them.

While always a busy man, Mr. Denman has yet found time to participate in public matters and though not an office seeker, he has been interested in the election of good men - those who will serve efficiently and well the interests of the community at large. In national and state politics he supports the republican party but at local elections he has voted for the men whom he regards best qualified for the office, without considering their party affiliations. He and his family have been members of the Methodist Episcopal church for many years and his entire life has been upright and honorable, in consistent harmony with his profession. He is a man of humane spirit, charitable, kindly and reliable, his many sterling traits of character winning for him the trust and honor of his fellowmen and enabling him also to wield a wide and beneficial influence in the community. Few men now living have a clear conception of what this county was seventy-five years ago nor of the self-denial, industry and undaunted diligence which was required to bring it to his present high standard of excellence and progressive development. Mr. Denman, however, has been familiar with the history of the county for eighty-nine years and relates in an interesting manner many of the incidents which shaped its history during its formative period.

Gregory Jennings

On the roll of Huron county's honored dead appears the name of Gregory Jennings, a man who in his life displayed many sterling traits of character and won many warm friendships. He was among the worthy citizens that New England furnished to Ohio, his birth having occurred in Fairfield county, Connecticut, in 1832. His parents were Walter and Rhoda Jennings, who had a family of five children, namely: Gregory, Mary, Sarah, Ezra and Nelson. In 1835, when their son Gregory was a little lad of three years, they left their New England home and in the primitive methods of travel at that period made their way to Huron county, Ohio. Comparatively few settlements had been made within the borders of the county at that time and where are now seen richly cultivated fields at that time uncut forest stood, furnishing shelter for wild game and various kinds of wild animals. There were also seen evidences of Indian occupancy here although the red men had gone to hunting grounds farther west. With the work of development and improvement the Jennings family became closely associated as the years went by and Gregory Jennings, who was reared amid the wild scenes and environments of the frontier, shared with the family in all the hardships of pioneer life and also aided in the arduous task of developing a new farm.

It was in the year 1860, that Gregory Jennings was united in marriage to Miss Amanda E. Keeler, who was born in Fairfield county, Connecticut, in 1839, her parents being Burr and Mary (Nash) Keeler. Her grandfather was Jonah Keeler and her great-grandfather, Matthew Keeler. Jonah Keeler was united in marriage to Rebecca Raymond and their children were: Burr, George, Raymond, Smith, Rufus, William, Charles, Zalmon and David. Of this family, Burr Keeler, the father of Mrs. Jennings, spent his youthful days in the Charter Oak state and having arrived at years of maturity, he wedded Mary Nash, a daughter of George and Esther Nash and a sister of Henry and Maria Nash. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Burr Keeler were born nine children: Rebecca, Amanda, Mary, Burr, George, Sylvester, Harriett, Louise and Julia. The Keeler family remained in Connecticut until 1857, when they came to Ohio and were associated with the early development of the county.

Following their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Jennings took up their abode upon the farm in Huron county and throughout his remaining days, Mr. Jennings diligently tilled the soil in the production of crops which proved a generous reward for his labor. In all of his business dealings, he was reliable as well as enterprising and thus made for himself an untarnished name. His political allegiance was given to the republican party and his religious faith was that of the Congregational church. He was ever loyal in the cause which he espoused and in community aí- fairs manifested a public-spirited citizenship that made his cooperation much sought. He passed away in 1893, leaving to his family the priceless heritage of an untarnished name as well as a valuable farming property. Mrs. Jennings is also a member of the Congregational church and her life has been guided by its teachings. She is well known in Fairfield township and the hospitality of its best homes is freely accorded her.

Mrs. Rebecca Park

Mrs. Rebecca Park, well known in Huron county, is the owner of a valuable farm property of two hundred and eighty-nine acres in Bronson township. She is the widow of Robert Park and was born in County Donegal, Ireland, near Londonderry, on the 11th of April, 1838. She has, therefore, passed the seventy-first milestone on life's journey. Her parents were James and Martha (Calhoun) Park, both of whom were natives of Ireland and came to this country in 1847, settling at Savannah, Ashland county, where James Park followed the occupation of farming. The Parks were reared in Protestant Ireland and James Park was the son of Joseph and Rebecca (Torrence) Park, while his wife, Mrs. Martha Park, was a daughter of William and Ellen Calhoun.

Mrs. Rebecca Park spent her girlhood days in her parents' home and was trained to the work of the household so that she was capable of managing a home of her own at the time of her marriage, on the 2d of March, 1859, to Robert Park, who died March 27, 1896. He was born November 26, 1829, and was a son of Joseph and Sarah (McAddo) Park, who were also natives of Ireland and on coming to the new world in 1847, located in Bronson township, Huron county, Ohio. Joseph Park was a son of Joseph and Rebecca (Torrence) Park. Two children were born unto Robert and Rebecca Park. Carrie, whose birth occurred in 1860, is the wife of William Hall and resides in Huntington, West Virginia. They have two children: Percy and Park. Milton Park, born in 1863, is now a practicing physician located in Cleveland. He married Mrs. Catherine (Smead) Henry.

From the time of his marriage until his death, Robert Park followed the occupation of farming and to the work of the fields devoted his energies with good success. He held membership in the Presbyterian church, in which he was an elder for many years. His political allegiance was given to the republican party, but though he never sought nor desired office, he was always loyal to the best interests of the community in which he lived and was a public spirited and valued citizen. His life in all of its relations was honorable and upright and his example may well serve as a source of inspiration and encouragement to others. Mrs. Park is also a member of the Presbyterian church and a most earnest and con- sistent Christian woman. She has now lived on her present farm for twentythree years and the place contains two hundred and eighty-nine acres of rich and valuable land which has been brought under a high state of cultivation and displays all of the equipments and accessories of a model farm of the twentieth century.

Charles Zehner

Charles Zehner, as vice-president and treasurer of the Zehner Brothers Packing Company of Bellevue and Toledo, is manifesting in his business career the keen discernment and undaunted enterprise which result in the successful solution of intricate and involved business problems. In his present connection, he is promoting one of the leading productive industries of his part of the state and the policy which he follows is one which makes his example worthy of emulation.

One of the native sons of Bellevue, he was born August 26, 1859, of the marriage of Adam and Louisa (Heusner) Zehner, who were among the early settlers of this city. As the name indicates the family is of German origin. The father, who was born in Germany in 1814, there spent the first thirty years of his life and in 1844 crossed the Atlantic to the United States, settling first at Sandusky, where he conducted a tannery for about a year. At the end of that time, his plant was destroyed by fire and he removed to Bellevue, where he purchased the building in which his son Charles Zehner now carries on business. There he established a tannery, which hé conducted until about 1872, when he retired from active business life to spend his remaining days in the enjoyment of well earned rest. His death occurred in 1888 and his wife died December 20, 1879. Unto him and his wife were born the following children: Christian, the eldest, died in 1882 at the age of thirty-two years. John, president of the Zehner Brothers Packing Company and living in Toledo, Ohio, was formerly one of the directors of the First National Bank of Bellevue and also served as a member of the town council while living here. He married Matilda Hepp and unto them have been born seven children: Adam, Theodore, deceased; Huldah, Ernest, Albert and Edna and Edgar, twins ; Charles is the next member of the family. The other two died in infancy.

Charles Zehner has always made his home in Bellevue and at the usual age, entered the public schools, wherein he mastered the branches of learning that qualified him for life's practical and responsible duties. He made his initial step in the business world as an employe in his brother's meat market, being thus engaged from 1879 until 1881. In the latter year, he was admitted to a partnership and they continued as retail merchants until 1800, when they began the packing business. They had established the new enterprise on a paying basis when, in 1893, their plant was destroyed by fire. Not discouraged with this catastrophe, they at once rebuilt and in 1894, organized a stock company with about twenty stockholders, the business being capitalized for twenty-five thousand dollars. The original officers were: John Zehner, president ; Charles Zehner, vice-president and treasurer ; and I. R. Felker, secretary ; with J. H. Weber, Willis Vickery and Max Endle, as directors. The present officials are; John Zehner, president; Charles Zehner, vice-president and treasurer; L. P. Oehm, secretary; and I. N.

Humphrey, assistant secretary and treasurer. These gentlemen are all members of the board of directors together with J. P. Ruffing, Martin Gross, J. W. Closs, I. A. Biehl, George Slessman, J. H. Becker, B. A. Becker, Julius Waldo, W. J. Kinker, Robert Villwalk, William Steiflof and Joseph Kest. The firm has had to increase its capitalization from time to time to take care of its rapidly growing business until now it is capitalized at seven hundred and fifty thousand dollars. From the beginning the business has proven a profitable venture for it was carefully organized and the work has been thoroughly systematized and the company gives to the purchasing public a just equivalent for money invested. The constantly extending reputation of the house has brought to them a growing trade and renders this one of the important productive industries of Bellevue. Mr. Zehner also figures in business circles of Bellevue as one of the directors of the First National Bank. He purchased his brother John's shares in the institution and has since had voice in the managemnt of this sound financial concern.

Mr. Zehner was married on the 28th of March, 1883, to Miss Flora Keller, a daughter of August and Ernestine (Wise) Keller, of Bellevue. They have two children: Carl C. and Louisa A. The former married Jennie Gazley and resides on the old family homestead. He is now associated with his father in business. The daughter is the wife of Walter Raish and also resides in Bellevue.

Charles Zehner and his sons are members of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and since February ro, 1882, he has been connected with the Royal Arcanum. He is likewise a member of the German Aid Society, has been chairman of the finance committee of that organization for fifteen years and is in hearty sympathy with its purposes and its work. He also belongs to the Fraternal Order of Eagles and to the Lutheran church. His many substantial qualities have won him the favorable regard of those with whom business and social relations have brought him in contact. Having always resided in Bellevue, he is well known here, and his record is as an open book which all may read. The principles of sterling manhood are numbered among his chief characteristics, and his life history proves that success and an honorable name may be won simultaneously.

John Bauer

One of the successful agriculturists of New Haven township, Huron county, is John Bauer, who owns the one hundred acres of fine land on which he lives. He was born in Germany, September 27, 1858, and is the son of Henry and Margaret Bauer, who never left their native land, which was also the place of their death. Of their five children, however three came to this country and settled in Ohio. They are William, a resident of Milan, Ohio; Anthony, who lives in Ashland county, Ohio; and John, of this review. Catherine is deceased and one died in infancy.

John Bauer was twenty-eight years of age when he came to the United States. He had received his education in the land of his birth and there had learned the trade of a furniture maker. When in 1887 he came to this country he made his way almost directly to Ohio, locating first at Norwalk, where he ob- tained employment on the railroad. After a year he took up farming, working for the different landholders of the neighborhood. He was a hard worker and an excellent manager, so that in a couple of years he had saved seventy-five dollars, which was sufficient, with his wife's help to buy forty acres of land in Ashland county. There he made his home for about eight years, reaping large harvests from his fields and practicing that sturdy economy that has been one reason for his prosperity. On selling the farm in Ashland county, he moved to New Haven township, Huron county, where in 1903, he purchased his present tract of land from William Childs. In the years it has been his home he has made a number of improvements, greatly increasing its value. The land is best adapted to general agricultural and yields generous returns for the hard work Mr. Bauer puts upon it.

On the 4th of February, 1890, Mr. Bauer married Miss Augusta Kimball, who is a daughter of Philip and Caroline Kimball of New Haven township, and came here with her parents in February, 1886. Two sons have blessed Mr. and Mrs. Bauer's union: Carl, born January 11, 1891; and William, born November 30, 1892. Both live at home and assist their father on the farm. and Mrs. Bauer are adherents of the Lutheran faith and attend the services of the church of that denomination at Chicago, Ohio, taking an active part in its work, social as well as religious. Though foreign born, Mr. Bauer has participated in the life of the township, and, being recognized as a good citizen and able man, was elected to the office of road supervisor. Lack of familiarity with the English language, however, prevented his serving in this capacity, but he has the satisfaction of having received a palpab!e proof of the attitude of his neighbors toward him.

Sebastian B-Liedorepd

No resident of Huron county is more deserving of the proud American title of a self-made man than is Sebastian B. Liedorff, who from the age of twelve years has been dependent entirely upon his own resources and through industry, energy and perseverance, has gained a foremost place among the substantial farmers of this county. He is, moreover, entitled to special mention in this volume from the fact that throughout the pericd of the Civil war, he served his country valiantly and bravely, the story of his military record reading like a romance, with its thrilling adventures and deeds of heroism.

As the name indicates, Mr. Liedorff is of German origin, his birth having occurred in Hesse-Cassel, Germany, on the 6th of October, 1840. He is a son of Henry and Elizabeth Liedorff, also natives of the fatherland, where the mother's death cccurred in the early '40s. 1847, the father brought his family, which consisted of two sons and four daughters, our subject being the third in order of birth to America, settling first in Sandusky, Ohio. The father had foliowed the occupation of a potter in his native country, but upon his arrival in the United States, he was variously employed at any honest labor which he found to do. He was a sturdy and honest German, whose force of character and excellent traits of man- hood won for him the respect and esteem of his fellowmen and made him a valued citizen in any community. He passed away at his home in Erie county at the venerable age of eighty-four years.

Sebastian B. Liedorff was a little lad of seven years when he came with his father to America and he resided under the parental roof until twelve years old, at which early age, he left home to make his own way in the world and since that time he has been dependent entirely upon his own resources. He commenced his business career in the employ of N. C. Dildine, of Huron township, Erie county, a broom manufacturer, and in his home, Mr. Liedorff learned the broom-making trade. In return for his labor, he received six dollars per month and the opportunity of attending school during the winter seasons, while he performed various tasks about the place in payment of his board. He resided with Mr. Dildine's family for three years, each year his wages being increased a dollar per month.

When fifteen years of age, he turned his attention to agricultural pursuits, hiring as a farmhand to Thomas Hughes, a farmer of Huron township, Erie county, who paid him ten dollars per month. In the meantime, he had gained an excellent reputation throughout the community for he was energetic, industrious, willing and eager to do whatever was assigned him, while he was at all times actuated by a desire to succeed in the business world, and these characteristics made his services in constant demand. In the spring of 1861, he accepted a position with Mrs. Elizabeth Dale, a widow of Huron township, Erie county, as superintendent of her farm, receiving for his services thirteen dollars per month. The fact that he was called to responsible positions when not yet twenty years of age, is an indication that he not only proved capable and efficient in his work, but also perfectly reliable and trustworthy, enjoying the confidence of his employers.

In 1861, when the Civil war broke out Mr. Liedorff sought to enlist at the first call for troops, but was dissuaded, much against his will. When the second call came, however, he laid aside all personal and business considerations and on September 4, 1861, enlisted as a member of Company A, Third Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, serving until his term of enlistment expired. He then re-enlisted in the same company and regiment, serving until August 4, 1865, or until the close of hostilities. He entered the service as a private soldier, but his bravery and loyalty to duty won him promotion and he was mustered out with the rank of first duty sergeant. His regiment became a part of the Army of the Cumberland and engaged in all of the battles of that campaign. Liedorff participated in every battle where his regiment fought with the exception of the engagement at Perryville, when he was ill in the hospital at Nashville, having contracted typhoid fever. He won an excellent record for bravery and heroism and participated in many thrilling adventures. He was taken prisoner three different times, the first occasion being at the battle of Winchester, Tennessee, in August, 1863. He escaped however, and returned safely to his regiment. He was again taken prisoner at Pulaski, Tennessee, in September, 1863, and after about ten hours, together with some comrades, he again made his escape. His third capture occurred just after the battle of Stone River, while making a cavalry charge. He was wounded in the face and knocked from his horse, and then was taken prisoner by the enemy but was fortunate in again effecting an escape.

When his country no longer needed his services, Mr. Liedorff returned to Huron township, Erie county, on the 6th of August, 1865, and two days later again entered the employ of Mrs. Dale at a salary of one dollar per day. He was thus engaged for about a year, at the expiration of which period, he was employed by various people for about two years. Being desirous, however, that his efforts should more directly benefit himself, in 1867, he entered business on his own account as a manufacturer of brooms at West Huron and was thus actively identified with the industrial interests of that place for three years, or until his marriage, when, in connection with his broom-making, he also engaged in farming in West Huron. He continued to make that his place of residence for eleven years, and then, in 1883, he purchased a farm in Hartland township, Huron county, where he has since continued to reside. The farm consists of ninety-five acres of finely improved land, which is all under an excellent state of cultivation, to the operation of which Mr. Liedorff is directing his entire time and attention. Throughout his connection with agricultural interests, he has been very successful and now enjoys an abundance of this world's goods. He has accumulated a handsome competency, but every dollar he has earned at the cost of indefatigable energy, frugality and economy. A man of unusual business ability, he has combined the sturdy qualities of the Teutonic race with the progressive and enterprising traits of the American, with the result that he is today recognized as one of the foremost farmers and business men of his section of the county. In the midst of his farm, he has erected a fine residence, which is one of the best in the county. |

It was the 14th of February, 1872 that Mr. Liedorff was united in marriage to Miss Mary A. Coles, a daughter of Isaac and Sarah Coles, residents of Sandusky, Ohio. Unto this union, have been born five children, namely: George 5., a farmer of Hartland township; Henry J., following farming in the same township; Burt I., a thresher of Hartland township; Gus W., who is married and operates the home farm; and Lillie, who passed away in infancy. There are also four grandsons and three granddaughters in the family. The sons are all prosperous farmers and are men highly esteemed throughout the community.

Since age conferred upon him the right of franchise, Mr. Liedorff has been republican in politics, giving stanch allegiance to that party which was the support of the nation in her darkest hour, and in his citizenship, he has ever been as loyal to her interests as when he followed the old flag on southern battlefields. He cast his first vote for John Brough for governor of Ohio in 1863, when in line of battle, and his first presidential ballot was cast in favor of Abraham Lincoln in 1864 while a member of the Army of the Cumberland, stationed at Chattanooga, Tennessee. Since his first vote, he has supported every candidate for president and also for governor of Ohio on the republican ticket and although he has been deeply interested in the progress of the party, he has never been a politician in the sense of office seeking. He is a member of Townsend Post, No. 414, G. A. R., and has ever been active in the affairs of that body, having frequently served as delegate to various state and national encampments. With his old army comrades, he delights in recalling the experiences and adventures which occurred during the Civil war, and he also has many interesting experiences to relate concerning his boyhood days. He often tells of how, before he left home, his first em- ployer paid him six cents a day for his labor, which consisted of dropping corn in the corn planting season, and in addition, he received his dinners and suppers. His has been a remarkable career, the salient characteristics of which have been indomitable energy, unfaltering perseverance and strict integrity, and he stands today as a splendid example of the power and force of earnest effort, intelligently applied labor and honorable manhood. He has now reached the sixty-ninth milestone on life's journey, and he can look back over his past without regret and forward into the future without fear.

Almon B. Wood

Almon B. Wood, a farmer of Greenfield township, Huron county, owns eightyfour acres of land on which he lives and two hundred and ten acres in another farm in the same township. He was born in this township, September 29, 1845, and is the son of Lewis and Martha (Owen) Wood. The father was a son of jonah Wood, a farmer of New York state, who had served in the American Revolution. He was born in New York December 25th, 1800, and came to Ohio about the year 1833, the days of the pioneers, bringing his wife and four young children with him. The little party made the journey to Huron, Ohio, by boat, and then with a team of horses crossed the country to Greenfield township. What few household effects they had were brought with them to this new land. where they were much needed though they had greatly impeded their progress through the wilderness. Arriving in Greenfield township, Mr. Wood purchased the two hundred and ten acres of land which his son now owns from Jeremiah Cole, paying ten dollars per acre, but as Mr. Wood did not have the full amount and labor would be accepted as part payment, he agreed to thresh four hundred bushels of wheat for Mr. Cole. This was not done in the simple manner of today, but bv driving three-year-old colts back and forth over it, thus stamping out the grain from the husks. Having purchased his land, Mr. Wood began building a log house and barn, which were to be their buildings until better ones could be provided, and it was not until 1838, that the frame house was completed which remained his home until his death. He also bought the smaller farm on which his son now lives from a Mr. Patterson. On the Ist of June, 1823, Mr. Wood married Miss Martha Owen, a native of New York state, who was born April 24, 1802, and lived to see eighty-five years of activity pass over her head, her death occurring January 21, 1887, a little less than a year after the demise of her helpmeet. In their family were nine children: Jane, deceased, who was born November 24, 1823, and became the wife of Hiram Tooker; Samantha and Luantha, twins, who were born January 1825, while the former passed away July 23, 1892, and the latter became the wife of Ransom Mather, who died April 18, 1855; Halsy, who was born November 30, 1828, and died May 14, 1831; Mary, born May 23, 1832, who became the wife of George Dean, and died February 10, 1859; Jeremiah C., deceased, born January 10, 1834; Hannah S., who was born January 18, 1838, married Joseph Randall, and died September 2, 1907: Halsy, who was

Almon B. Wood has spent all his life in Greenfield township, having been reared on the farm and receiving his early education of the district schools, while for one winter he attended Oberlin College. In 1865, at a call for troops he enlisted in Company D of the One Hundred and Ninety-first Regiment of the Ohio Volunteer Infantry. The company was mustered in at Sandusky and sent to Camp Chase, Columbus, where Mr. Wood contracted the measles. Thus the time he might have spent in active service was of necessity passed in the hospital, and when he had sufficiently recovered to be returned home he was mustered out of the army. After this brief experience, he took up farming and identified himself with the affairs of the township, becoming in the subsequent years not only very prosperous, but also well known and highly respected by all with whom he has come in contact. He is commonly called "Bud Wood" and the familiarity of this cognomen bears evidence to the good will of his neighbors.

On the 6th of October, 1887, Mr. Wood married Miss Frances B. Graham, a daughter of Alexander and Mary (McCammon) Graham, of Greenfield township. Mr. Graham was born in Ireland in 1810 and at the age of eighteen came to this country with his parents. They settled in Huron county which remained Mr. Graham's home until his death. His wife, whom he married October 25, 1832, was born in Pennsylvania, April 22, 1813, and lived until February 11, 1899, having reared the following children: Alex, who passed away June 2, 1887 ; John, deceased; Samuel, deceased; Eliza; Martha; Mollie; Robinson; Jennie; George; William ; Frances B.; Ida; and Charles. To Mr. and Mrs. Wood have been born five children: Glenn A., born June 12, 1890; Hazel B., born October 5, 1801; Bernice M., born September 14, 1893; Martha G., born June 9, 1895; and one who died in infancy. Mrs. Wood is a member of the Congregational church of Steuben, Ohio, and is active in its work.

Mr. Wood affiliates politically with the democratic party and served as constable for one term. He is a man of education and of wide interests, blessed with the capacity of making and retaining a large number of friends. Those who know him are unanimous in their admiration of him and do not begrudge him the success which has made possible his retirement from the active pursuit of farming.

Charles E. Parmelee

Charles E. Parmelee, a well known and successful farmer and dairyman of Ridgefield township, where he owns an excellent farm of eighty-six acres, was born at Kent, Portage county, Ohio, on the 4th of April, 1850, his parents being John F. and Mary E. (Tilton) Parmelee. The father passed away at Kent in the ycar 1855, leaving a family of three children, namely: Charles E., of this review; Frank, who is now deceased ; and George. When our subject was about eleven years of age the mother was again married, her second union being with Allen B. Lindsley, of Huron county, who brought the family to his farm in Ridge-

The gentleman whose name initiates this review obtained his education in the district schools and since putting aside his text-books has given his attention to the pursuits of farming and dairying. With the exception of thirteen years, he has made his home on the farm where he resides from the age of eleven years and the property is now in his possession. It is a rich and productive tract of land comprising eighty-six acres and in addition to cultivating the cereals best adapted to soil and climate, he also conducts the Forest Grove Dairy, owning a large number of fine cattle. In all of his business affairs, he is alert and enterprising, meeting with the measure of success which always rewards earnest, persistent and well directed labor. His wife is the owner of a farm of one hundred and thirteen and a half acres in Hartland township. In March, 1877, he removed to that township, where he made his home until 1885, and then on account of ill health, he gave up farming for a time and resided in New London, büt in 1890, he returned to the farm which is his home at the present time.

On the 1st of January, 1877, Mr. Parmelee was united in marriage to Miss Harriett E. Brightman, a daughter of Pardon B. and Lucretia (Jones) Brightman, of Sherman township, this county. Unto them have been born two children, as follows: Nellie, who gave her hand in marriage to James W. Candler; and Mildred P., who is attending school. Mr. Parmelee is a valued member of the Congregational church and his many sterling: traits of character have won him an extensive circle of friends throughout the community where he has now resided for almost a half century.

Dr. Ephraim Alford Smedley, a successful and well known representative of the medical fraternity in Huron tounty, has continuously practiced his profession in North Fairfield since the fall of 1883. He is a native of Brewerton, New York, his birth having there occurred on the r2th of October, 1857. His paternal grandparents, Dr. Chester and Ann (Landon) Smedley, were both natives of Connecticut. The maternal grandfather of our subject was Daniel Light. Lindorf Smedley, the father of Dr. E. A. Smedley, was born in Litchfield, Connecticut, on the r2th of September, 1823, and when three years of age was taken by his parents to Brewerton, New York. On the 29th of October, 1856, in Madison county, that state, he was united in marriage to Miss Catherine Light. In 1867 he came to Huron county, Ohio, taking up his abode at Townsend on the 20th of March of that year. Here he was successfully identified with general agricultural pursuits throughout his remaining days, being widely recognized throughout the community as a most substantial and respected citizen. It was on the r2th of February, 1903, that he was called to his final rest. Unto him and his wife were born the following children: Ephraim Alford, Chester D., Abbey C. and James, all natives of Brewerton, New York.

Dr. E. A. Smedley obtained his preliminary education in the common schools of this county and subsequently entered the Ohio Normal University at Ada, pursuing his studies there during the years 1875, 1876 and 1877. Having determined upon the practice of medicine as a life work, he then entered the Miami Medical College at Cincinnati, Ohio, from which institution he received his degree of M. D. in 1883. In the fall of the same year he located for practice at North Fairfield, where he has since remained as an active and successful representative of his chosen calling, enjoying a lucrative and constantly growing patronage.

On the rith of August, 1885, Dr. Smedley was united in marriage to Miss Idalia Whitney, whose birth occurred in East Townsend, Huron county, Ohio, on the 5th of May, 1856. Her parents, Charles and Roxanna (Palmer) Whitney, were natives of Wilton, Connecticut, and China, New York, respectively, the former born on the 23d of September, 1812, and the latter November 12, 1816. Their children were six in number, as follows: Idalia, now Mrs. Smedley ; Palmer; Ann; Calvin; John L.; and Richard B. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Smedley were Henry and Lucy (Grummond) Whitney, natives of Connecticut. Their children were as follows: Henry Fitch, Charles, William, Sally Ann, Esther, Hannah, Jeremiah, John, Lucretia and George. The maternal grandparents of Mrs. Smedley were Lory and Elizabeth (La Mott) Palmer, natives of the Empire state, who reared the following children: John, Mary Ann, Sarah and Roxanna. Dr. and Mrs. Smedley have two children, namely: Roxanna Palmer, whose birth occurred November 15, 1886, and who is now in the Lakeside Training School for Nurses at Cleveland, Ohio; and Karl Lindorf, whose natal day was February 23, 1895.

Dr. Smedley is now serving as health officer of Fairfield township. His religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Christian church. His life has been actuated at all times by high and honorable principles, manifested in his professional labors and in his private life. Anything which tends to bring to man the key to that complex mystery which we call life is of interest to him, and he has been a close and discriminating student of the science of medicine, realizing fully the obligations that devolve upon him in the practice of his chosen calling.

Benjamin Barnes

Benjamin Barnes, who has been connected with railroad business for more than thirty years, has, during that time, gained a most creditable record for himself and is numbered among the well known and prominent citizens of this community. One of Ohio's native sons, he was born on the 8th of July, 1855, a son of Robert and Elizabeth (Fields) Barnes. The family has long been represented in this country, members of the name having come from England, in the early part of the seventeenth century.

The father of our subject, who was born 1706, was a native of Virginia and came to Ohio from the District of Columbia in 1828. He was a painter and glazier by trade and served as a soldier in the War of 1812, assisting in the defense of the capitol and, after its destruction, aided in its reconstruction along the line of his trade. After his removal to Columbus, Ohio, however, he was identified with the butchering business, being thus engaged until 1856, in which year he removed with his family to Wakeman, where he operated a mill for a short time. He again entered the butchering business and was thus connected until his death, which occurred in August, 1874. A man of strong convictions, he based his opinions upon his own judgment rather than upon what others thought and, while he possessed a most positive disposition, he nevertheless was quick to forgive when proper apology was offered. He was married twice, Miss Elizabeth Fields becoming his second wife. She passed away July 3, 1905, and they were both laid to rest in the Wakeman cemetery. In their family were seven children, namely: Nimia, Morris P., Benjamin, Robert, Alice, Albert and Anna, the last two passing away in infancy while the other five still survive.

Benjamin Barnes, whose name introduces this sketch, was reared under the parental roof and attended the schools of Wakeman in the acquirement of an education. He remained at home until twenty years of age, in the meantime assisting his father in the butchering business. In 1876, he entered the railroad service and has been engaged in this line of work to the present time. He entered the employ of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad in 1879, and has been connected with that company for thirty years, operating on the Cleveland & Toledo division. He has been eminently successful in his relations with railroad business, being promoted from one position to another until he is today serving as passenger conductor, having acted in that capacity since 1800. Throughout his entire connection with the railroad, he has been most careful and has never had a wreck, has never been seriously injured and none of his crews has ever been injured, a record which is indeed most unusual.

Mr. Barnes was united in marriage on the 20 of November, 1874, to Miss Sarah M. Flower, a daughter of Isaac and Ann (Stratton) Flower, natives of England. Upon coming to America in 1851, her parents settled in Oswego, New York, where they remained for one year, and then, continuing their westward journey, located at Cooks Corners, in Huron county, in 1852. 1856, they removed to Clarksfield, four years later to East Townsend and in 1865 came to Wakeman. They resided here until 1870, when they removed to Missouri, where they remained two years, returning to Wakeman in 1872. Throughout these years Mr. Flower had been engaged in the harness business, being a manufacturer and dealer, but in 1874, he became identified with the hotel business in this city, being thus connected until 1894. In the latter year, he retired from active life while his demise occurred on the 13th of January, 1903, when he had reached the venerable age of ninety-three years. His wife had passed away December 8, 1806. In their family were five children, Emma, Alfred, Anna, Sarah and Frederick, all of whom survive with the exception of Anna, who died in infancy.

The home of Mr. and Mrs. Barnes has been blessed with one son and one daughter, William O. and Lulu May. The latter is now the wife of James I. Seybert, of this city, and they have one son, Howard Benjamin, William O. Barnes is also married and lives in Toledo. He has followed in his father's footsteps and is a conductor on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad.

Barnes is well known fraternal circles, holding membership in Gibson Lodge, No. 301, E. & A. M., and belongs to Webb Chapter, R. A. M., of Cleveland, Ohio, while he has taken the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite in Masonry. He likewise is a member of the Order of Railway Conductors. He is a stalwart champion of the democracy and in former years has been very active and influential in local politics, having frequently represented his party as a delegate at various district, county and state conventions. He is intensely loyal and public spirited in his citizenship, aiding in all movements and measures which have for their object the substantial and permanent upbuilding and improvement of the community. He is a great athlete, enthusiastic in the matter of outdoor sports and takes especial delight in fishing and hunting, frequently enjoying, in the company of other kindred spirits, a ten-days' trip into the woods and along the streams in the pursuit of his favorite pastimes. a young man, he was particularly fond of baseball and yet maintains a keen interest in this national game, possessing considerable skill himself in this line and often joining in games with local teams. The Barnes home is modern and attractive in its architecture and surroundings and is a favorite resort with a host of friends to whom its cordial hospitality is freely extended. and Mrs. Barnes are genial, companionable people, who not only understand how to enjoy life themselves, but possess the happy faculty of making others enjoy it also, the influence and good fellowship of their home being a potent factor in the social circles of the community.

William H. Kiefer

William H. Kiefer is well known not only in Norwalk, but in the surrounding country as well, having been engaged in the undertaking business here since 1807. He is a native son of this city, his birth having here occurred May 2, 1874. His father, Robert Kiefer, was born in Germany and when a young man emigrated to the United States 1860. He at once made his way to Norwalk engaged in the undertaking and furniture business, continuing in the same until his death, which occurred in 1889. His wife, Mrs. Mary Kiefer, then succeeded to the business, the fitm name being M. Kiefer, and thus continuing until 1896, when the establishment was destroyed by fire.

After leaving school, William H. Kiefer was employed in the undertaking department of his mother's business, becoming thoroughly trained in that line of work, and was ready to take charge of the business on his own account after the fire in 1896. He then opened an undertaking establishment and has thus been identified with the business interests cf the city to the present time. He is a graduate in embalming of four different colleges and was the first to advocate the law requiring an examination for embalmers. He is a charter member of the National Association of Embalmers, which was organized in 1896, and it was through the efforts of this society, that a state board was appointed for examination of embalmers. Interested in everything that tends to promote his knowledge of the business to which he is devoting his attention, Mr. Kiefer today stands among the foremost undertakers, not only in his home city but throughout the state of

Mr. Kiefer is also a prominent figure in the public affairs, being an ardent supporter of the democratic party. He served on the city council four years, being the youngest member of that body. He has also for the past six years been chief deputy of the Huron county board of supervisors of election, while for several years he has served on both county, central and city committees. He is regarded as a leader in democratic circles and his opinions carry weight and influence among his fellow citizens.

Equally prominent in fraternal circles, Mr. Kiefer was one of the organizers of the Knights of Columbus in Norwalk, of which he is a member, and he also holds membership with the Catholic Order of Foresters, of which he has been chief for the past eight years. He is also identified with the Elks, the Catholic Mutual Benefit Association, the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Concordia Society. Courteous and affable, he is popular among a wide circle of friends, while as a funeral director, he has won a wide reputation.

William B. McCullow, the mayor of Greenwich village who has engineered many of the noticeable municipal improvements here, was born February 22, 1870, in Fairfield township, and is the son of Joseph Edward and Lucena (Baker) McCullow. The mother was born in Huron county, Ohio, but the father's birthplace was Tuckerton, New Jersey, though he was only four years old when brought by his parents to Ohio, in 1830. His father was a farmer and became prominent and influential in the community in which he lived. Joseph Edward McCullow also followed the life of a farmer and besides owning the old homestead, acquired considerable property in Greenwich village. He was a man active in local affairs and filled many of the offices of township and village with distinction, winning for himself a reputation for sterling integrity. The had a family of two sons, Charles and William B., both of whom are living, the former being a merchant in Greenwich. On the Ist of April, 1901, he completed his earthly course, and his widow, who resides in Greenwich, still survives him.

As the family became residents of Greenwich village in 1877, William B. Mc- Cullow received his education in the schools there, though he was prevented from graduation by ill health. Upon leaving school, he clerked for his brother Charles in a clothing store for a period of seven years, at the end of which time he took up the trade of watch and clock repairing and investigated the jewelry business. In 1898, he engaged in the latter for himself, succeeding W. B. Burt, of Greenwich, and also offered his services as a graduate optician, for he had completed the requisite course at the South Bend College of Optics. His stock of jewelry is both large and in good taste, comparing very favorably with that of the best firms in larger towns, and in his business dealings has been found both honorable and desirous of satisfying his customers. Besides being a good man of affairs, he is also a public-spirited citizen, and has, among other things,

In politics, Mr. McCullow is a republican and is an active representative of the party. For a period of seven years, he served as clerk of the village, and the record of his work was so satisfactory, that in 1907, he was the people's choice for mayor, an office he holds to the present. His administration has been active in promoting public improvements of a substantial kind, in establishing a sewerage system and in inaugurating street paving, which, by the close of 1909, will extend through a full mile of the village streets, and in advancing other matters that make for the material prosperity of the village.

On the 29th of March, 1896, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. McCullow and Miss Felicia Mary Kraft, a daughter of John and Barbara Mary (Bauer) Kraft, of Galion, Ohio. Mr. Kraft was a retired business man of that city and never became a resident of Huron county. To Mr. and Mrs. McCullow was born one child, who did not survive the period of infancy.

In the O. K. Lodge, No. 616, of the Knights of Pythias, Mr. McCullow is an ardent worker, and in it has filled most of the chairs. He is a popular man who makes friends easily and is present at most of the lodge meetings. His principal relaxation from the cares of business and administration, however, is obtained in the enjoyment of a day's hunting and fishing, when opportunity affords, but he is not a faddist; on the contrary an enterprising business man and an able executive, fully imbued with the spirit of public progress, which he does all in his power to promote, realizing that a community must keep abreast of the time, or else slip to one side and be wholly engulfed in the world struggle. Under the wise guidance of Mrs. McCullow, who by the way is a member of the German Reformed church, devoted to the performance of good works, and a member of the Twentieth Century Reading Club, the McCullow home occupies a prominent place in the social and intellectual life of the village. A woman of culture and refinement, she is an able assistant to her husband and is fully in sympathy with his plans for the advancement of the community.

Oliver O. Underwood

Oliver O. Underwood, numbered among the active and prosperous farmers of Fairfield township, owns and cultivates one hundred acres of rich and productive land, which is now highly improved in accordance with the most modern methods of farming. His entire life has been passed in Huron county, for he is one of the native sons, his birth having occurred in Greenwich township, January I4, I862. He represents one oí the old families of this part of the state, his parents being Levi and Catherine (McCullough) Underwood, the former a native of Pennsylvania. Their family numbered three sons and two daughters: Oliver, James, Charles, Ola and Eva.

In the usual manner of farm lads Oliver O. Underwood spent his youthful days. As soon as old enough to handle the plow, he took his place in the fields and was there busily emploved from early spring planting until crops were harvested in the late autumn. He was thus carefully trained in the occupation which he has made his life work. In early manhood, he also learned the carpenter's trade and engaged in that pursuit for a time but gives his entire attention to farming at present. His educational privileges were those afforded by the public schools and reading and observation have also largely broadened his knowledge.

On the 24th of December, 1887, Mr. Underwood was united in marriage to Miss Anna Gibson, who was born in Greenwich township, June 13, 1866, and is a daughter of Jerome and Hulda (Healy) Gibson. The father was born in 1840 and was a son of Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Gibson, whose other children were: Mary, Edward, Lena and Isaac. Having arrived at years of maturity, Jerome Gibson wedded Hulda Healy, whose birth occurred in 1843. She was one of the children of Jacob and Anna (Brooks) Healy, and her sisters are Edith, Elizabeth and Sarah. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Jerome Gibson there were born three daughters and two sons: Anna, Samuel, Carrie, Fletcher and Jennie. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Underwood has been blessed with nine children: Clinton, Harry, Arlie, Ruth, Hulda, Eva, Blanche, Charlie and Ralph. The family home is on a farm of one hundred acres in Fairfield township, which is the property of Mr. Underwood. There are good buildings upon the place, furnishing ample shelter to grain and stock and these are surrounded by well tilled fields. The latest improved machinery is used in carrying on the work of the farm and the entire property presents a neat and attractive appearance. Mr. Underwood gives his political allegiance to the democratic party and keeps well informed concerning the leading questions and issues of the day, but the honors and emoluments of office have no attraction for him, as he prefers to give his undivided attention to his business affairs. In their capable management, he is meeting with success and providing his family with many of the comforts and some of the luxuries of life.

Rundell Beecher Palmer

Rundell Beecher Palmer, well known as one of the progressive, prosperous and representative agriculturists of Huron county, owning five hundred acres of valuable land, was born August 28, 1832, in Fitchville, Ohio. He represents one of the oldest New England families. The Fortune which sailed for America soon after the arrival of the Mayflower numbered among its passengers the first Palmer in this country, and the family became connected by marriage with the Pilgrims who sailed on the Mayflower in 1620. It was in 1621 that William Palmer left Noddinghamshire, and on the Fortune crossed the Atlantic to Salem, Massachusetts. He afterward lived at Plymouth and Duxbury, Massachusetts. (2) Walter Palmer, who also came from England, landed at Salem in 1629. He went to Charlestown, afterward to Rehobeth, Massachusetts, and finally to Pawcatuck, now Stonington, Connecticut. His descendants are largely found in Connecticut and New York. (3) Abraham Palmer sailed from England in 1628 and landed at Salem, Massachusetts, but afterward removed to Barbadoes. (4) Thomas Palmer, in the vessel Expectation from Ipswich, England, landed on American shores in 1635. He resided at Boston and at Bowby, Massachusetts, and one branch of his descent found at Norwich, New London county, Connecticut. (5) William Palmer, of Newburg, was made a freeman in 1638. He settled at Hampton, New Hampshire, and his descendants are found throughout New England and New York. (6) John Palmer sailed as a passenger on the Elizabeth in 1634 and settled at Hingham, Massachusetts. (7) Lieutenant William Palmer, who was made a freeman at Varmouth, Massachusetts, July 7, 1636, settled at Long Island. (8) William Palmer went to Virginia and his descendants are scattered throughout the south. The Palmers of the present day are principally descended from Walter Palmer (2), Thomas Palmer (4), and William Palmer (5). Walter Palmer, born in 1598, married Rebecca Short and their children were: John, Grace, Jonas, William, Hannah, Elihu, Nehemiah, Moses, Benjamin, Gresham, Rebecca and Elizabeth. Of this family Nehemiah Palmer married Hannah Stanton and their children were: Lieutenant Joseph, Elihu, Jonathan, Daniel, Nehemiah and Hannah. Of these Lieutenant Joseph Palmer married Frances Prentice and their children were: Deacon Joseph, Hannah, Benjamin, Sarah and Jonathan. The first named, Deacon Joseph Palmer, wedded Mary Palmer and their children were: Sarah, Mary, Joseph, Francis, Amos, Moses, Hannah and Phoebe. The eldest son, Joseph Palmer, married Catharine Coats and to them were born: Joseph, William, Phoebe, Captain Amos, Elijah, Elisha, Jonathan, Hannah, Benjamin, David and Thomas. Of these Elijah Palmer married Lucretia Palmer and for his second wife a Miss Powell. His children were: Gresham, Doley, Rebecca, Phoebe, Joseph, Elisha, Lydia, Benjamin, Jesse and Hulda. Hulda Palmer married Stephen Palmer and their children were: Charles H., Lucretia, Sylvanus B., William L., Noves G., Henrietta, Marietta, Andrew, Priscilla, Martin, George W. and John Jay.

At present it is impossible to trace the ancestry down from Hulda Palmer to Seeley Palmer, the father of our subject. He was born in Greenwich, Connecticut, November 24, 1797, and grew to manhood in that state, there learning the carpenter's trade under Levi Palmer. About 1819 in company with his five brothers he came to Huron county, Ohio, where they took up land from the government, and, in following his trade, Seeley Palmer built the first courthouse here and also of the first buildings in Norwalk and also in Fitchville. In addition to this he also cleared and improved his farm of one hundred and sixty acres and erected and operated the first sawmill in this part of the state. On the 14th of June, 1826, he was united in marriage to Miss Nancy Abigail Post, and unto them were born the following children who are still living: Rundell Beecher ; Hubbard Dennison; Lucy ; Eliza Ann; Nannie; and Seeley Burdette. Those of the family now deceased are: Delia; William; Hannah A.; and Julia Blanch. The wife and mother was a daughter of Ashabel Post, whose ancestors came from Holland to America, settling at New York city, then known as New Amsterdam. Ashabel Post was a sea captain in early life and later built a large wharf at Middletown, Connecticut, becoming extensively engaged in the shipping business at that place. He was twice married and by his first union had two children, Ashabel, Jr., and Betsey. There were also two children by the second marriage, William and Nancy A. Mr. Palmer's parents both lived to an advanced age and at their death were laid to rest in Fitchville cemetery.

During his youth Rundell Beecher Palmer was engaged in agricultural pursuits. After he had attained his majority he made arrangements for having a home of

Throughout his entire life R. B. Palmer has carried on general farming with the exception of three years spent in the service of his country in the Civil war. He enlisted in the Seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry, which was assigned to the First Brigade of the Second Division of the Twelfth and Twentieth Army Corps. He joined the regiment as a private and saw much hard service. His first engagement was at Cross Lane and he was also at Blue Gap. He likewise participated in the battle of Winchester and in others of equal importance, and he was in the telegraph department before and after the war closed. He received many close calls while in the service but never sustained any severe wounds. With the exception of the time spent at the front he has always carried on general farming and he now occupies and owns the old homestead, comprising about four hundred acres of rich and arable land. The place is under a high state of cultivation, responding readily to the care and labor which Mr. Palmer bestows upon it. He follows the most modern methods in his farm work and still gives active supervision to his place although he leaves the actual work of the fields to others, for he has now reached the seventy-seventh milestone on life's jonrney. His sister, Miss Eliza Ann Palmer, resides with him.

In his religious faith Mr. Palmer is a Congregationalist. His political belief accords with the principles of the republican party and he is an active worker in its ranks but has continuously declined to become a candidate for office although often solicited to do so. His long residence in the county has made him widely known and his many substantial qualities have gained for him the high regard in which he is uniformly held.

Leonard A. Vail, who is engaged in general farming in Bronson township, lives on the old Vail homestead, comprising one hundred and fifty-two acres of well improved and vaiuable land. He was born on this farm, January 25, 1850, his father, David Vail having located on this land in 1835, it being then wild and unimproved. He was born in Newfield, Tompkins county, New York, October 8, 1811, and in pioneer times, he made his way to the Buckeye state, locating first in Elyria. Later he came to Huron county and located on a farm, erecting the buildings thereon himself, as he had previously learned and followed the carpenter's trade. He was married December 7, 1845, in Fairfield, Huron county, to Miss Almira Adams, who was born at Symphronia, Cayuga county, New York, and by this union, there were born four sons and one daughter, namely: David W., Leonard A., John J., Alice and Charles W. The wife and mother departed this life January 5, 1887, and on the roth of April, 1888, Mr. Vail wedded Ellen Jeanette Sweet, by whom he had one son, Adelbert S., who is mentioned elsewhere in this work, and in which connection a more complete record of the father is given. David Vail passed away at his home in Olena, in 1907, when more than ninetv-five

Leonard A. Vail was reared to farm life, assisting in the operation of the home farm during the period of his boyhood and youth. He began his education in the district schools near his father's home and later spent one term in the schools at Milan. With the exception of four years spent in the mercantile business in Olena, Mr. Vail has always followed farming and is today the owner of the old Vail homestead, comprising one hundred and fifty-two acres. He is very methodical in carrying on his work and each year harvests good crops, for which he finds ready sale on the market. He has always taken an active interest in public improvement.

In 1873 Mr. Vail was united in marriage to Miss Adelia Robinson, by whom he had one son, William D., and after her death, which occurred May 6, 1878, he was again married, his second union being with Miss Elvira Taintor, who was born in Huron county, March 27, 1850. Her parents were Chauncey and Cordelia R. (Phillips) Taintor, the former born in Brighton, Monroe county, New York, June 21, 1817, while the birth of the latter occurred in: Bristol, Ontario county, New York, May 29, 1819. Mr. and Mrs. Taintor were married June 24, 1841, and reared a family of four daughters, of whom Mrs. Vail is the youngest. Mr. Taintor came of Scotch ancestry, while his wife was of English descent. He followed farming in Huron county and died August 14, 1849, while Mrs. Taintor departed this life November 24, 1861.

Mr. Vail is independent in politics, supporting only the men whom he deems best fitted to fill official positions, regardless of party ties. He has ever taken a lively interest in all public affairs, lending his aid and influence in the cause of every good movement and heartily promoting the progress and advancement of his community.

Daniel C. Clary, operating a farm of two hundred and eighty acres in Ridgefield township, where he has continued to reside from his birth to the present time, was born the 9th of January, 1858, a son of Homer C. and Laura A. (Humphreys) Clary. Colonel Humphreys, the maternal great-grandfather of our subject, served on the staff of General George Washington, and Daniel C. Clary now has in his possession a watch which was presented to the Colonel by Washington. Daniel Clary, the grandfather of the gentleman whose name initiates this review, made his way from the state of New York to Huron county, Ohio, about 1820, being the first man to clear land in this section. His death here occurred when he had attained the age of sixty-six years, the community thus losing one of its most respected and honored pioneer settlers. He had two sons: Homer C., the father of Daniel C. Clary; and George W., who is deceased.

The birth of Homer C. Clary occurred on Christmas day of 1825, in an old log house on the farm where our subject now resides. He continued to make his home on this place throughout his entire life and followed agricultural pursuits as a means of livelihood. He was well known and highly esteemed as a worthy native son of this county and his demise was the occasion of deep and widespread regret. It was in April, 1900, that he was called to his final rest. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Laura A. Humphreys and is a native of Guilford, Connecticut, came to this state with her parents in early life, the journey being made by canal boat. They settled in Huron, Erie county, where the marriage of Miss Humphreys and Homer C. Clary was subsequently celebrated. Their union was blessed with six children, as follows: George, who has passed away; Ella, who is the wife of F. C. Atherton; David: Daniel C., of this review; and Edward and Frank, both of whom are graduates of the state university at Ann Arbor, Michigan. Edward is now a civil engineer of Iowa and Frank is practicing law in New York city. The mother of these children still survives at the age of eighty years and resides on her farm of two hundred and eighty acres in Ridgefield township, which is being cperated by her son, Daniel C.

In the acquirement of an education Daniel C. Clary attended the district schools and also the public schools at Monroeville. He took up the study of telegraphy in early life but throughcut practically his entire business career has given his attention to the work of general farming with excellent success. On the 25th of Janu- 1884, he was joined in wedlock to Miss Mary E. Hill, a daughter of John R. and Mathilde (Stephley) Hill, of New York. By this union there is one son, Fred H., at home. Mr. Clary has a very wide and favorable acquaintance throughout the community in which his entire life has been spent and well deserves mention in this volume as a worthy representative of an honored picneer family that has been identified with the agricultural interests of this county from the period of its earliest settlement to the present time.

August P. Horn

August P. Horn, living on one of the finest farms in Lyme township, Huron county, was born in Peru township, this county, February 6, 1856, a son of William and Margaret (Boehler) Horn, natives of Germany. They crossed the Atlantic in 1849, locating in Huron county, Ohio, where they became identified with the early settlers of this district. At first they rented land and then, in 1856, purchased one hundred and five acres in Peru township. When the land came into their possession it was still wild but with untiring energy and determination Mr. Horn set about to clear the land and erected a house for his family. Here the remaining days of Mr. and Mrs. William Horn were spent, his death occurring in 1883, when sixty-four years of age, while the latter survived until 1003, passing away at the age of eighty-three years. Their family consisted of nine children, namely : Louise and August, both of whom were torn and died in Germany ; William, who lives in Topeka, Kansas; Henry, who died in childhood; Emma, the widow of Carl Ohlamacher, now residing in Columbus; Louise, the widow of Charles Foust, residing in Monroeville: August P., of this review; Henry, who lives the old homestead ; and Hermina. Both parents were consistent members of the Lutheran church and passed away in the faith of that denomination.

August P. Horn, who has always resided in this county, attended the district schools of his native township in the acquirement of an education, while the periods of vacation were spent in the work of the fields, learning lessons concerning the value of industry and perseverance, He chose as a life work the occupation to which he had reared and in 1881 he came to this township and located upon the farm which is now his home but was then the property of his father. He operated this place as a renter for some time and subsequently purchased it; directing his energies toward the cultivation of the fields. In the meantime he has made most extensive improvements upon the land, erecting in 1887 a fine, large residence and commodious and substantial barns and outbuildings, the place being equipped with all the accessories of a model farm of the twentieth century. He has carried on his agricultural pursuits along strictly business lines, has ever been most progressive and up-to-date in his methods, and his farm today is one of the finest to be found in the county.

On February 10, 1881, Mr. Horn was united in marriage to Miss Lydia Erf, a daughter of Phillip and Dorothy (Heyman) Erf and a native of Peru township, Huron county, her birth having occurred November 15, 1858. Unto this union were born four children: Dorothy, now a practicing physician of Bellevue, who was graduated from the Homeopathic College of Cleveland and is also a postgraduate of the Philadelphia Hospital; Lewis, attending the Chicago Veterinary College; Ella, who is studying at the Providence Hospital at Sandusky, Ohio, for the profession of a trained nurse; and Mabel, who is at home. are graduates of Monroeville high school. On May 3, 1906, the wife and mother was called to her final rest, and on the rst of September, 1609, Mr. Horn was again married, his second union being with Mrs. Louisa C. Winslow, of Ridgefield township, Huron countv.

Mr. Horn holds membership with the Knights of the Maccabees and his political allegiance is given to the democratic party, although the honor« and emoluments of office have no attraction for him, preferring as he does to concentrate his energies and attention upon his private business interests. He is not remiss, however, in the duties of citizenship, but takes a deep interest in all things which are matters of civic virtue and civic pride. He has spent his entire life in this county, where he has gained a wide acquaintance, and the fact that he is most respected where he is best known indicates that his salient characteristics are in accord with the principles of honorable and upright manhood.

Thomas Leak

Thomas Leak is numbered among Hurcn county's retired farmers, his success in former years enabling him now to enjoy a rest which he has truly earned and richly deserves. He is still the owner of a valuable farm property of one hundred and fourteen acres in Ripley township but he leaves the care and cultivation of this to others and makes his home in North Fairfield. He has passed the seven- ty-first milestone on life's journey, for his birth occurred in Lincolnshire, England, May 8, 1838. He is a son of John and Mary Ann (Westerdale) Leak, in whose family were six sons, the others being John, William, Henry, Edward and George.