Crawford County, Illinois - Chapter with an unread heading (no. 17 of those read), 1909 (part 4 of 11)

GOGIN, Enoch (deceased), for many years a carpenter of Palestine, Crawford County, was born October 9, 1812, in Clermont County, Ohio, a son of Thomas and Sarah (Scull) Gogin, and grandson of John Gogin. Thomas Gogin was born April 5, 1773, in Morris County, N. J., while his wife was born in Cape May County, N. J., in 1781. John Gogin was born April 8, 1749, and was lost at sea. The marriage of Thomas Gogin and wife took place August 31, 1796, and they had twelve children. Enoch Gogin was educated in Hamilton County, Ohio, and farmed until he learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed until 1860, when he was appointed Postmaster at Palestine, Ill. He resigned that office in 1876 on account of failing health. On June 8, 1835, Mr. Gogin married Mary E. Ewell, born November 18, 1817, the daughter of John and Helen Ewel, who died in Cincinnati. Mr. and Mrs. Gogin became the parents of two children: Leonidas H. and Catherine M. Mr. and Mrs. Gogin were members of the Christian Church, and were worthy and most excellent people who had the esteem of all who knew them.

GOODWIN, Edwin A. - A trip through Crawford County will amply repay anyone who seeks confirmation of the statement that the prosperity of the nation is evidenced in the farming districts. The great fertile farms, well stocked with sleek cattle, trimly fenced, and ornamented with substantial barns and beautiful residences, demonstrate that the owners are men of intelligence who thoroughly understand the business of farming, and who wrest from their land comfortable incomes. Among the progressive farmers of Hutsonville Township, Crawford County, is Edwin A. Goodwin, who was born near Hutsonville, December 28, 1877, a son of Ephraim and Emily J. (Magill) Goodwin. The father was born in Ohio, November 3, 1841, and died April 10, 1882. His widow was born near

Palestine, Crawford County, January 3, 1846, a daughter of William Logan Magill, who came from Kentucky to Crawford County about 1826. Mrs. Elizabeth (McColpin) Magill, the mother of Mrs. Goodwin was born January 3, 1820, and reared in Crawford County. The marriage of Ephraim Goodwin and Emily J. Magill took place March 19, 1868, the Rev. William Cain, a Methodist clergyman, officiating, the ceremony taking place in Wesley Chapel, near Palestine.

Edwin A. Goodwin was reared on a farm and edueated in the common and high schools, being graduated from the latter in Palestine, April 22, 1896. He has always been a farmer and he and his mother have a beautiful home, 80 acres of which comprised the old homestead. They have 125 acres additional, the farm extending to the banks of the Wabash River. The premises are kept up in the most approved condition, and Mrs. Goodwin is very proud of it, for she planned it herself. The milk house, which was designed by her, is built of brick and fully supplied with the latest conveniences. This home is one of the finest in Crawford County and is always pointed out by admiring neighbors of that locality as one of the show places.

Mr. Goodwin was married at the residence of John Black of Hutsonville Township, on January 22, 1905, to Addie Black, born March 5, 1884, and died April 16, 1907. Mr. Goodwin and mother are members of the New Light or Christian Church, although Mrs. Goodwin was formerly a Methodist. They are active in church work and contribute liberally towards its support. The Goodwin family is a well known one in the community, and mother and son are deservedly popular among their neighbors.

GOODWIN, Noah Franklin. - Farming is becoming a regular business, just as any other branch of commercial activity, and the man who makes a success out of it has to possess certain qualities. He must not be afraid of hard work, or long hours, must be well versed in the rotation of crops, and know how to feed economically his stock. While working at all times to bring about good results, he must be thrifty and bring out of his land all it will produce. Such a farmer is Noah Franklin Goodwin, of La Motte Township. Crawford County, who was born in the southeast corner of Hutsonville Township, November 7, 1873, a son of David and Stacy A. (Magill) Goodwin, the former of whom was born in Coshocton County, Ohio, December 18, 1843, while his wife was born in Crawford County in 1848. David Goodwin has been a farmer and stock raiser of Crawford County since 1851, and has become very prominent. He is Vice-President and a stockholder of the First National Bank of Palestine, has acted as School Director and School Trustee, and was a member of the Village Board of Palestine for six years.

In 1894, Noah Franklin Goodwin began farming after having been educated in the district school, the Danville Central Normal School and the Northern Illinois Normal, and he has just com- pleted a pleasant two-story, twelve-room home, with all modern improvements, including hotair heat, running water and electric lights, which make it one of the best residences in the county.

September 30, 1892, Mr. Goodwin married, at Montpelier, Ind., Letitia Stoner, a daughter of Jesse and Mary Stoner. Their children are: Rex, born September 25, 1893; Guel, born February 25, 1895; Orville, March 25, 1901; Roger, July 8, 1904. The Goodwin home is noted for its hospitality, and the many friends of Mr. and Mrs. Goodwin gather there sure of a cordial welwine. Mr. Goodwin has served as School Director, in religious affiliations is a member of the Union Christian Church of La Motte Township, and his fraternal connections are with the Modern Woodmen.

GORDON, Orin La Rue. - Like so many others who were reared upon a farm, Orin La Rue Gordon has returned to agricultural pursuits after an unusually interesting career as a business man along other lines, and in the second greatest city in the country. He is an excellent farmer and his experience has taught him the value of system in farming as in any other branch of industrial activity. That he has brought about very satisfactory results is sufficient proof of the efficacy of his methods, and the example he sets is being followed by many of his neighbors. Mr. Gordon was born in Iowa, June 27, 1862, a son of Charles A. Gordon, who came from Perry County, Ohio, to Crawford County, Ill., in 1850.

Charles A. Gordon was born in Monmouth County, N. J., September 18, 1816. His parents were William and Ann (La Rue) Gordon, the former born in New Jersey in 1794, and the latter born September 23, 1798. While residents of New Jersey at the time Charles A. was born, about 1818, William Gordon and his family moved, by overland route, to Morgan County, Ohio, and there the father died in 1830. Then the mother and her children went to Perry County, Ohio. Charles A. Gordon, when about thirteen years old, was apprenticed to a carpenter for three years. He worked at his trade and made his home in Perry County, Ohio, until 1850, when he came to Crawford County, Ill. After his arrival, he bought land in Oblong Town- Ship, which he sold a short time, afterward, and moved to Cumberland County, where his wife's parents resided. From Cumberland County he moved to Iowa. October 2, 1844, Gharles A. Gordon married Mary Bugh, who died August 12, 1851. There were three children of this marriage: William Lafayette and Francis Gilbert, who died, and Charles Asbury. On September 2, 1852, Charles A. Gordon married Sarah M. Cai- Jahan, daughter of John and Margaret (Brown) Callahan. Mr. and Mrs. Charles A. Gordon had six children, five boys and one girl Theodore C. born September 8, 1853, in Cumberland County, Ill.. married Katherine Albin, who bore him three children, and after her death he married Elizabeth Knott ; they have one child, and live at Lonoke, Ark. Ida, born June 22, 1858, in Iowa, married Everett C. Trimble, son of Judge Trimble of Trimble; they have four boys and two girls, and live in Robinson Township. John O., born in Iowa, August 5, 1860, married Mollie Beabout. they had three children, when he died September 22, 1905. Later his widow married W. G. York of Robinson. Orin La Rue is the next child. Clarence L., born November 25, 1863, in Iowa, married Mary Holt; he has a daughter, and lives in the State of Washington. George E., born June 6, 1868, lives in Colorado. Charles A. Gordon was himself one of a family of six children: Charles A., William T., Elizabeth, Lydia. Austin W. and Mary Jane.

After going to Iowa, Mr. Gordon spent eleven years on a farm of his own, and then went to the Platte Valley, near Fremont, Neb., but after four years there he returned to Crawford County, and settled on the farm in La Motte Township, where Orin La Rue Gordon now resides. At the time of his death, he owned 600 acres of fine land, through which the Illinois Central now runs, The station, which is on the land once owned by him, is named after him, Gordon. Mr. Gordon was identified with the Republican party all his life, and he was a lifelong member of the Methodist Church. Mrs. Gordon is one of the trustees of the church, which is located on the farm.

'The mother of Charles A. Gordon, Mrs. Ann Gordon, after the death of her husband married Peter McMullen, and by her second marriage she had two children: Matilda and Amanda. After Mr. MeMullen's death, Mrs. MeMullen came to Crawford County, and lived with her children until she died. Charles A. Gordon died in La Motte Township, July 18, 1890. The Gordons are descended from the Scotch nobility.

Orin La Rue Gordon first attended school in a log schoolhouse, in which the floors were made of puncheons and the seats of rude slabs of wood, but the drilling in the common branches was excellent. When he was twenty-one, he took a course of Study at the commercial college at Quincy, Ill, and then taught in the business college at Mendota, Ill. for about a year. He then went to Chicago, where he learned stenography and was employed as a stenographer by several large firms, when he entered the employ of the Chieago Daily News as private secretary of A. G. Beausnisne at the head of the publishing department of the paper. Later he accepted the position of superintendent of circulation for the Chicago Inter Ocean, under H. H. Kohlsaat. Still later he went to Cleveland, Ohio, to occupy a position on the Daily Press, but in 1896 returned to his old home to take charge of the farm for his mother. Like his father he is a Republican, and he served for eight years as postmaster of Gordon. Mr. Gordon is interested in anything that promises to advance the interests of his community.

William B. and Viola S. (Goodman) Russel, natives of Vermont and Louisiana, respectively. Mr. Gordon was born in New Orleans, Noveinber 2, 1867. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Gordon are: Ethelbert Callahan, born August 18, 1890, and Charles Russel, born June 13, 1897.

GREEN, Samuel S, (deceased), formerly a farmer of Hutsonvile Township, was born in Crawford County, Ill, August 14, 1834, a son of Joseph Green, a native of North Carolina, born in 1802, who came to Union County, Ill., in 1822, when twenty years old, and a little later to Crawford County. Here he remained and farmed until 1855, when he died. During the Black Hawk War he served as a soldier. Joseph Green married Queen E. (Lindley), born in North Carolina in 1811, and they became the parents of twelve children, of whom Samuel 8. was the fourth child. Samuel S. Green was brought up on the farm, and attended the publie sehools. After attaining his majority he began farming on a 40-acre farm near his homestead, but ten years later returned to his father's home farm, where he continued to reside, eventually owning 230 acres. On September 13, 1854, he married Alice R. Boyd, born in Crawford County, and they became the parents of these children: Elzora E., Joseph W., James, Henry E., Charles O., Ulysses G., Anna L., and Thomas E. Mr. Green and wife were members of the Friends Church. Politically he was a Republican.

GUYER, Cyrus. - The simple creed of the Quaker faith has attracted those whose consciences are best suited to its requirements. The preachers of the Society of Friends, more than the of any other denomination, are men of self-sacrificing lives, conscientiously devoted to their work. One of the most eloquent of these preachers is Cyrus Guyer, son of Mrs. John Aaron Guyer, now deceased, who for niany years was herself a preacher. Cyrus Guyer was born November 1. 1864, in Hutsonville Township, and after attending school in the township until he was eighteen years of age, spent two terms at the State Normal School, at Terre Haute, Ind. On December 22, 1887, he married Amanda Alice Boyd, daughter of William and Fidelia Boyd. One child was born of this marriage, Mabel Alice, but died in infancy, while the mother died a short time afterward. On September 14, 1893, Mr. Guyer married Martha Ann Rohrer, daughter of David and Margaret (Pierson) Rohrer. Mr. Guyer and his present wife have had children as follows: Louis May, born August 1, 1894; John Henry, born January 13. 1896, died January 6, 1899; Eunice E., born October 13, 1899;

Ruth Ellen, born January 15, 1901; Naomi Pauline, born July 1, 1903; Elma Jane, born August 9, 1905. In politics, Mr. Guyer is a Prohibitionist. Since 1891, he has been a preacher of the Friends Church. In 1889 he was a student in the biblical department of Earlham College, and also attended during the fall of 1891. He continued on the farm until 1896, when he was placed in charge of the Friends Church in Georgetown. Vermilion County, Ill, where he remained two years, and then was sent to Ridge Farm in the same county, remaining there two years. He also spent two years at Benson Chapel, near Sullivan, Ind. and for two years preached throughout Sullivan County, Ind. He then returned to his farm of 120 acres, but has a large following in his vicinity and is greatly beloved by those who sit under his gospel teaching. He inherits his mother's eloquence and power, and has brought many into the church.

GUYER, John Aaron. - The history of Illinois is intimately associated with the records of the pioneers, who, braving all hardships incident to frontier life, came into the State, entered land and developed fertile farms from the timber, swamp and prairie lands. One of the families that has long been associated with the annals of Crawford County. bears the name of Guyer, and one of its most prominent representatives is the venerable John Aaron Guyer, born November 12, 1826, in Hutsonville Township, a son of Aaron Guyer, a native of North Carolina, who came west to Paoli, Ind., where he remained a year and then loeated in Hutsonville Township, Crawford County, Ill, about 1818, taking up Government land at $1.25 per acre. The entire trip from North Carolina to Indiana, and thence to Crawford County was made in a covered wagon. Aaron Guyer was accompanied to Paoli, Ind. by three brothers, Jesse, Exum and Silas, all eventually locating in Crawford County, where they died. When Aaron Guyer came to the eounty it was practically undeveloped. Wild animals of all kinds were numerous and Indians plentiful. It was after he located here that the settlers were forced to take refuge in the fort near Hutsonville, because of the outbreak of the Indians. 5

During his life Aaron Guyer owned 103 acres of land, and improved most of it before his death. He first built a small log house, in which his Son John Aaron was born, but about 1822 built a frame house, sawing the lumber for it with a whipsaw. In those early days he threshed wheat with a flail, and fanned it with a sheet. He cut his wheat with a cradle and nap hooks. He also built a log barn, and the greater part of his cultivating was done with oxen. 'The death of Aaron Guyer occurred in Hutsonville Township in 1835. He had the following children: Mary, who at the age of eighty-eight is living in Crawford County; Harvey, deceased; John Aaron; Sarah and Eliza, both deceased.

John Aaron Guyer was educated in the subscription schools of his neighborhood, and. after he was twenty-one, he taught school himself, his early educational advantages having been rather meager, he made the most of them, and is a very well-informed man. He was married April 2, 1851, to Jane Hill, daughter of John and Sarah Hill, natives of North Carolina and Kentueky respectively. As far as can be ascertained, the Hill family formed one of the party, of which Aaron Guyer was a member, on the trip from North Carolina to Paoli, Ind. and thence to Crawford County, Ill. They had children as follows: Henry Clinton, born February 7, 1852, and died in infancy; Albert, born October 28, 1853, who married Mary Belle Heard daughter of Winiam B. and Mary Jane Heard, and they had three children. His wife dying, John Aaron Guyer married again. and by his second marriage had the following children: Adolphus, born August 30, 1855; Leander, born June 14, 1858; Louisa, born August 3, 1860; Caroline, born Oc- tober 3, 1862; Cyrus, born November 1, 1864; Isabel, born December 23, 1866; Clifford, born January 16, 1867; Woodford. born January 28, 1871; Emily, born August 10, 1873, and a son who was born October 28, 1876, and who died when two days old. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Guyer who are deceased are: Woodford. Clifford, Mrs. Louisa Boyd and Miss Caroline Guyer.

Mr. Guyer originally owned 900 acres, but has divided his property among his children. He is a Prohibitionist in polities and has taken a deep interest in the cause of temperance. For thirtyfive years he has been a member of the Society of Friends, in which he is an elder. For twelve years he was Justice of the Peace, proving one of the most popular officials of Crawford County.

The second Mrs.,Guyer was born January 19, 1834, and died January 9, 1903, aged nearly seventy years. For many years she was a member of the Society of Friends. For a quarter of a century she devoted herself to rearing her family, and then spent the remainder of her life, with the exception of the last two years, when ill health prevented her from performing her duties, as a preacher of the Quaker faith. Her eloquence and her exposition of the simple faith of the Society of Friends made her a power among the Quakers throughout this part of the State. She performed the marriage ceremony for one of her sons and two grandchildren, as well as others. She was a woman who commanded not only veneration, but love, and the mourning for her loss was universal, and not confined to her chureh. Her neighbors knew her as the kind, sympathetic, helpful friend, while her family never knew what it was to want for anything because of her watchful care. Mrs. Guyer was a niece of Dr. Hill, who for so many years ministered to the people of this locality. Her sister, Mrs. Martha Newlin, still lives as do her children. Probably there will never be another preacher of the Quaker faith in this vicinity that will possess such power as she, for she was a most remarkable woman in every respect.

HALL, Harry. - Most intimately associated with the growth and character of any community are its business interests. They mould the life of the people, give direction to their efforts and crystallize the present and future possibilities of the locality into concrete form. "The leading business men of a town are its greatest bene- factors, silently controlling the forces that bring progress and prosperity, and especially is this true of those who are interested in the handling of realty interests. Harry Hall, of Oblong, Crawford County, Ill, is one of the most progressive young men of this locality in the general realestate and insurance business at Oblong, Ill. Mr. Hall was born in Milan, Ripley County, Ind., January 15, 1874, a son of Lewis and Olive (Smith) Hall. Lewis Hall was born near Hamilton, Hamilton County, Ohio, and was a farmer. At an early day the Hall family emigrated to Milan, Ind., where lived Leander and Annie (Sutton) Smith, parents of Olive Smith. Lewis Hall, the father of Harry Hall, enlisted in 1863, at Camp Morton, Indianapolis, in the Seventh Indiana Cavalry, served for a time in the One Hundred and Nineteenth Infantry, and was mustered out by General Order at Indianapolis in 1865. His death occurred October 7, 1902, on the old homestead at Milan. Ind. aged sixtyseven. Mr. and Mrs. Hall had eleven children, two of whom are deceased, but five sons and four daughters survive.

Harry Hall worked on a farm at Milan, Ind, and was there educated in the public schools. After leaving school, he was employed as a brakeman on a freight train of the Baltimore & Ohio South Western Railroad, but Soon began learning the carpenter trade and followed it for seven years and four months, when he accepted his present position, for which he is well fitted. In polities he is a Republican, and fraternally is an Odd Fellow, belonging to Encampment No. 184, Oblong, and Subordinate Lodge, 850, Oblong, and is extremely popular throughout the county where he is so well and favorably known.

HAMILTON, Mahlon Milburn. - The discovery of oil in Crawford County has materially increased the value of property and worked an astonishing transformation in its industrial life, and there are comparatively few among tbe county's prosperous citizens who are not interested, directly or indirectly, in its oil products. Mahlon Milburn Hamilton, one of the wellknown citizens of Robinson, IlL, a Civil War veteran and leading business men, is one of those especially interested in this great industry. He was born at Chatham, Licking County, Ohio, November 15, 1840, a son of William Findley and Eliza (Milburn) Hamilton, the former born in Washington County, Pa., June 18, 1813, and the latter in Belmont County, Ohio, in 1819. The progenitor of the Hamilton family landed at New Castle, Del, August 14, 1729, coming from County Antrim, Ireland, and Mr. Hamilton's | great-great-great-grandfather, John Hamilton, was the father of five children, namely: John, George, James, Florence and Jane. His greatgrandfather, William Hamilton, was a captain in the Revolutionary War, having enlisted at Gettysburg, Adams County, Pa., and served three years, while his son, also named William, enlisted in Washington County, Pa., in the War of

William Findley Hamilton, the father of Mahlon M., was married to Eliza Milburn in Belmont County, Ohio, January 21, 1836, moved to Licking County four years later, and to Robinson, Crawford County, Ill., in 1852. He was engaged in the manufacture of pumps in Ohio, but upon eoming to Crawford County purchased 160 acres of land and devoted his time chiefly to farming, meanwhile, however, making many pumps by hand after locating in Oblong Township. He improved the farm which he first purchased, as well as two other farms, and engaged extensively in land speculation, selling a number of properties. The mother died in Robinson on July 22, 1890, the father surviving until June 10, 1892. They had seven children, as follows: John H., Meredith B., Mahlon M., Willam B. James B., Mary J., and Cornelius O., all of whom are living except Mary J.

Mahlon Milburn Hamilton spent his childhood on his father's farm, and attended the country schools of his native locality. In the year 1860 he went to Kentucky, and the outbreak of the Civil War found him there. In May, 1861, he enlisted in the 'Twenty-first Illinois Infantry under the second call for troops during the Civil War, and after his discharge that summer, reenlisted in the Thirtieth Illinois Regiment, in September, going into camp at Cairo for the winter. After the battle of Belmont, Mo., in which he participated, he joined the expedition up the Cumberland and Tennessee Rivers, taking part in the battles of Forts Donelson and Henry, after which he was sent to the hospital. Being discharged therefrom in July, he again enlisted as Sergeant in Company H, One Hundred and Thirty-fifth Illinois Regiment in the spring of 1864, continuing with this regiment on the Iron Mountain Railroad and in the raids against the rebel Gen. Price. He received his honorable discharge in 1865, having the record of an able, brave and faithful soldier.

In 1869, Mr. Hamilton went to Texas, where he was engaged in the cattle business until 1877 when returning East, he located in Ohio and later in Pennsylvania, where he was connected with mining ventures from 1881 to 1891, in which latter year going to Baker County, Ore. where he operated the Era gold mine, of which he now owns about one-fourth. After the Spanish- American War, Mr. Hamilton spent eight months in Cuba, and since that time has been engaged in coal-mining and prospecting, and also has large oil interests. Mr. Hamilton is a Republiean in his politieal views, and his religious connection is with the Presbyterian Church. He has never married.

HAMILTON, Merideth, one of the substantial and thoroughly reliable farmers of Oblong Township. and a man who has been largely interested in the development of his community, was born in Licking County, Ohio, October 12, 1842, a son of William F. and Eliza (Milburn) Hamilton, the former born in Washington County, Pa., June 18, 1813, and the latter in Belmont County, Ohio, in 1819, their marriage taking place in Belmont County, January 21, 1836, whence they moved four years later to Licking County, the same State, and to Robinson, Crawford County, IlL, in 1852. |

The first member of this branch of the Hamilton family in America was John Hamilton, who arrived at New Castle, Del, August 14, 1729, from County Antrim, Ireland. A descendant of this family was William Hamilton, the greatgrandfather of the subject of this sketch, who enlisted at Gettysburg, Pa. and became a captain the Revolutionary War, his son and name- Sake, William, also serving one year in the War of 1812, having enlisted in Washington County, Pa. The latter moved from Pennsylvania to Harrison County, Ohio, in 1818, and died in Delaware County, that State, in 1869. (For further details of the life of William F. Hamilton, see sketch of Mahlon M. Hamilton, immediately preceding.)

Meredith was ten years old when the. family came to Crawford County, in 1852, and he followed up the schooling he had secured in Licking County, Ohio, with what was obtainable in Crawford County, walking three miles to attend the subscription school. When only a little over eighteen years of age, he joined the Union army at Robinson, and had the good fortune of getting into the Twenty-first Illinois Volunteer Infantry, commanded by General U. S. Grant. After his enlistment he was ordered to Mattoon, Ill., and served all through the war, being mustered out at Springfield, Ill. After the war, he came to Crawford County, and resumed farming. His first purchase was 40 acres in. Oblong Town- Ship, to which he later added 80 acres adjoining, and he now has a very valuable farm.

Mr. Hamilton was married in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1870 to Christine Knicly, who died in the fall of 1879. Their children were: William, Blanch, Nellie, deceased. Ten years afterwards Mr. Hamilton married Rose McColpin, daughter of John McColpin, who was a Crawford County farmer, and Mrs. Hamilton was born and reared in the county. Mr. Hamilton is a Republiean, and has taken an active part in local affairs. Mrs. Hamilton is a member of the Methodist Church to which Mr. Hamilton has been a liberal contributor for a number of years.

HAND, Woodford D., a member of one of the old pioneer families of Crawford County, was born July 29, 1835, on the old homestead entered by his grandfather. Mr. Hand is a son of James and Nancy (Draper) Hand, the former of whom was born near Chillicothe, Ohio, May 20, 1805, and was brought to Crawford County by his parents in 1821. The death of James Hand occurred October 9, 1876. During 1827 James Hand was elected as Second Lieuten ant of the Sixteenth Regiment Illinois Militia ; he was Justice of the Peace, Associate Justice of Crawford County, and a very prominent man generally. Mrs. Hand was born in North Car- the Hill family formed one of the party, of which Aaron Guyer was a member, on the trip from North Carolina to Paoli, Ind. and thence to Crawford County, Ill. They had children as follows: Henry Clinton, born February 7, 1852, and died in infancy; Albert, born October 28, 1853, who married Mary Belle Heard daughter of William B. and Mary Jane Heard, and they had three children. His wife dying, John Aaron Guyer married again. and by his second marriage had the following children: Adolphus, born August 30, 1855; Leander, born June 14, 1858; Louisa, born August 3, 1860; Caroline, born October 3, 1862; Cyrus, born November 1, 1864, Isabel, born December 23, 1866; Clifford, born January 16, 1867; Woodford. born January 28, 1871; Emily, born August 10, 1873, and a son who was born October 28, 1876, and who died when two days old. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Guyer who are deceased are: Woodford, Clifford, Mrs. Louisa Boyd and Miss Caroline Guyer.

Mr. Guyer originally owned 900 acres, but has divided his property among his children. He is a Prohibitionist in politics and has taken a deep interest in the cause of temperance. For thirtyfive years he has been a member of the Society of Friends, in which he is an elder. For twelve years he was Justice of the Peace, proving one of the most popular officials of Crawford County.

The second Mrs.,Guyer was born January 19, 1834. and died January 9, 1903, aged nearly seventy years. For many years she was a member of the Society of Friends. For a quarter of a century she devoted herself to rearing her family, and then spent the remainder of her life, with the exception of the last two years, when ill health prevented her from performing her duties, as a preacher of the Quaker faith. Her eloquence and her exposition of the simple faith of the Society of Friends made her a power among the Quakers throughout this part of the State. She performed the marriage ceremony for one of her sons and two grandchildren, as well as others. She was a woman who commanded not only veneration, but love, and the mourning for her loss was universal, and not confined to her church. Her neighbors knew her as the kind, sympathetic, helpful friend, while her family never knew what it was to want for anything because of her watchful care. Mrs. Guyer ministered to the people of this locality. Her sister, Mrs. Martha Newlin, still lives as do her children. Probably there will never be another preacher of the Quaker faith in this vicinity that will possess such power as she, for she was a most remarkable woman in every respect.

HALL, Harry. - Most intimately associated with the growth and character of any community are its business interests. They mould the life of the people, give direction to their efforts and crystallize the present and future possibilities of the locality into concrete form. The leading business men of a town are its greatest bene- factors, silently controlling the forces that bring progress and prosperity, and especially is this true of those who are interested in the handling of realty interests. Harry Hall, of Oblong, Crawford County, Ill, is one of the most progressive young men of this locality in the general realestate and insurance business at Oblong, Ill. Mr. Hall was born in Milan, Ripley County, Ind., January 15, 1874, a son of Lewis and Olive (Smith) Hall. Lewis Hall was born near Hamilton, Hamilton County, Ohio, and was a farmer. At an early day the Hall family emigrated to Milan, Ind. where lived Leander and Annie (Sutton) Smith, parents of Olive Smith. Lewis Hall, the father of Harry Hall, enlisted in 1863, at Camp Morton, Indianapolis, in the Seventh Indiana Cavalry, served for a time in the One Hundred and Nineteenth Infantry, and was mustered out by General Order at Indianapolis in 1865. His death occurred October 7, 1902, on the old homestead at Milan, Ind. aged sixtyseven. Mr. and Mrs. Hall had eleven children, two of whom are deceased, but five sons and four daughters survive.

Harry Hall worked on a farm at Milan, Ind., and was there educated in the public schools. After leaving school, he was employed as a brakeman on a freight train of the Baltimore & Ohio South Western Railroad, but Soon began learning the carpenter trade and followed it for seven years and four months, when he accepted his present position, for which he is well fitted. In politics he is a Republican, and fraternally is an Odd Fellow, belonging to Encampment No. 184, Oblong, and Subordinate Lodge, 850, Oblong, and is extremely popular throughout the county where he is so well and favorably known.

HAMILTON, Mahlon Milburn. - The discovery of oil in Crawford County has materially increased the value of property and worked an astonishing transformation in its industrial life, and there are comparatively few among the county's prosperous citizens who are not interested, directly or indirectly, in its oil products. Mahlon Milburn Hamilton, one of the wellknown citizens of Robinson, IlL, a Civil War veteran and leading business men, is one of those especially interested in this great industry. He was born at Chatham, Licking County, Ohio, November 15, 1840, a son of William Findley and Eliza (Milburn) Hamilton, the former born in Washington County, Pa., June 18, 1813, and the latter in Belmont County, Ohio, 1819. The progenitor of the Hamilton family landed at New Castle, Del, August 14, 1729, coming from County Antrim, Ireland, and Mr. Hamilton's - great-great-great-grandfather, John Hamilton, was the father of five children, namely: John, George, James, Florence and Jane. His greatgrandfather, Wiliam Hamilton, was a captain in the Revolutionary War, having enlisted at Gettysburg, Adams County, Pa., and sérved three years, while his son, also named William, enlisted in Washington County, Pa., in the War of

William Findley Hamilton, the father of Mahlon M., was married to Eliza Milburn in Belmont County, Ohio, January 21, 1836, moved to Licking County four years later, and to Robinson, Crawford County, Ill., in 1852. He was engaged in the manufacture of pumps in Ohio, but upon coming to Crawford County purchased 160 acres of land and devoted his time chiefly to farming, meanwhile, however, making many pumps by hand after locating in Oblong Township. He improved the farm which he first purchased, as well as two other farms, and engaged extensively in land speculation, selling a number of properties. The mother died in Robinson on July 22, 1890, the father surviving until June 10, 1892. 'They had seven children, as follows: John H., Meredith B., Mahlon M., William B., James B., Mary J., and Cornelius O., all of whom are living except Mary J.

Mahlon Milburn Hamilton spent his childhood on his father's farm, and attended the country Schools of his native locality. In the year 1860 he went to Kentucky, and the outbreak of the Civil War found him there. In May, 1861, he enlisted in the 'Twenty-first Illinois Infantry under the second call for troops during the Civil War, and after his discharge that summer, reenlisted in the Thirtieth Illinois Regiment, in September, going into camp at Cairo for the winter. After the battle of Belmont, Mo., in which he participated, he joined the expedition up the Cumberland and Tennessee Rivers, taking part in the battles of Forts Donelson and Henry, after which he was sent to the hospital. Being diseharged therefrom in July, he again enlisted as Sergeant in Company H, One Hundred and Thirty-fifth Illinois Regiment in the spring of 1864, continuing with this regiment on the Iron Mountain Railroad and in the raids against the rebel Gen. Price. He received his honorable discharge in 1865, having the record of an able, brave and faithful soldier.

In 1869, Mr. Hamilton went to Texas, where he was engaged in the cattle business until 1877 when returning East, he located in Ohio and later in Pennsylvania, where he was connected with mining ventures from 1881 to 1891, in which latter year going to Baker County, Ore. where he operated the Era gold mine, of which he now owns about one-fourth. After the Spanish- American War, Mr. Hamilton spent eight months in Cuba, and since that time has been engaged in coal-mining and prospecting, and also has large oil interests. Mr. Hamilton is a Republiean in his politieal views, and his religious connection is with the Presbyterian Church. He has never married.

HAMILTON, Merideth, one of the substantial and thoroughly reliable farmers of Oblong Township. and a man who has been largely interested in the development of his community, was born in Licking County, Ohio, October 12, 1842, a son of William F. and Eliza (Milburn) Hamilton, the former born in Washington County, Pa., June 18, 1813, and the latter in Belmont County, Ohio, in 1819, their marriage taking place in Belmont County, January 21, 1836, whence they moved four years later to Licking County, the same State, and to Robinson, Crawford County, Ill., in 1852. \

The first member of this branch of the Hamilton family in America was John Hamilton, who arrived at New Castle, Del, August 14, 1729. from County Antrim, Ireland. A descendant of this family was William Hamilton, the greatgrandfather of the subject of this sketeh, who enlisted at Gettysburg, Pa. and became a captain in the Revolutionary War, his son and namesake, William, also serving one year in the War of 1812, having enlisted in Washington County, Pa. The latter moved from Pennsylvania to Harrison County, Ohio, in 1818, and died in Delaware County, that State, in 1869. (For further details of the life of William F. Hamilton, see sketch of Mahlon M. Hamilton, immediately preceding.)

Meredith was ten years old when the family came to Crawford County, in 1852, and he followed up the schooling he had secured in Licking County, Ohio, with what was obtainable in Crawford County, walking three miles to attend the subseription school. When only a little over eighteen years of age, he joined the Union army at Robinson, and had the good fortune of getting into the Twenty-first Illinois Volunteer Infantry, commanded by General U. S. Grant. After his enlistment he was ordered to Mattoon, Ill., and served all through the war, being mustered out at Springfield, Ill. After the war, he came to Crawford County, and resumed farming. His first purchase was 40 acres in Oblong Township, to which he later added 80 acres adjoining, and he now has a very valuable farm.

Mr. Hamilton was married in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1870 to Christine Knicly, who died in the fall of 1879. Their children were: William, Blanch, Nellie, deceased. Ten years afterwards Mr. Hamilton married Rose McColpin, daughter of John MeColpin, who was a Crawford County farmer, and Mrs. Hamilton was born and reared in the county. Mr. Hamilton is a Republiean, and has taken an active part in local affairs. Mrs. Hamilton is a member of the Methodist Church to which Mr. Hamilton has been a liberal contributor for a number of years.

HAND, Woodford D., a member of one of the old pioneer families of Crawford County, was born July 29, 1835, on the old homestead entered by his grandfather. Mr. Hand is a son of James and Nancy (Draper) Hand, the former of whom was born near Chillicothe, Ohio, May 20, 1805, and was brought to Crawford County by his parents in 1821. The death of James Hand occurred October 9, 1876. During 1827 James Hand was elected as Second Lieuten ant of the Sixteenth Regiment Illinois Militia ; he was Justice of the Peace, Associate Justice of Crawford County, and a very prominent man generally. Mrs. Hand was born in North Car- olina, December 12, 1806, and died in August, 1860. There were three children born to them, of whom Woodford D. was the eldest. He was brought up on the farm and attended the subscription schools. On October 5, 1861, he enlisted in Company D, Thirtieth Illinois Volunteer Infantry as a private, and was mustered out as Captain of his Company. He participated in nearly all the engagements of his regiment, and was with Sherman in his "March to the Sea." Returning home after the war, Mr. Hand began farming on the home farm, and became one of the prosperous farmers of Hutsonville Township. He married on October 21, 1855, Mary J. Cox, daughter of Needham Cox, her father being a native of Wayne County, N. C., while his daughter was born in Crawford County, May 3, 1838. The following children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Hand: Malinda E., Mary B., Daniel W., Augusta B. and William S. Mr. Hand is a Republican and has served as Justice of the Peace and School Treasurer. Mr. and Mrs. Hand are Baptists.

HARNESS, John C. (deceased), was born September 27, 1812, in Ross County, Ohio, a son of Job and Rachel (Liming) Harness, and grandson of Michael Harness. The latter was of German descent, born in Virginia, and served in the Revolution and the War of 1812. Job Harness was born on the South Branch in Virginia, February 11, 1748, and in 1800, was taken to Hamilton County, Ohio, by his parents, and immediately after his marriage in 1808, moved to Ross County, Ohio. In 1817 he located in Vincennes, Ind. where he lost his wife. She was born in New Jersey, August 12, 1786, and died August 7, 1817. She was the mother of three children, of whom John C. was the youngest. After her death, in 1818, Job Harness moved to a farm in La Motte Prairie which he had purchased while residing in Vincennes. Five years later he returned to Ross County, but in 1830 came back to Crawford County, and died there November 28, 1834.

John C. Harness helped his father and was well educated in the high school at Cincinnati, remaining at the paternal home until he was twenty-one, when he began supporting himself, engaging in farming and boating on the river. In 1849 he went to California, but in 1854 returned after the death of his brother Isaac, and resumed farming operations. In 1855 he located at Hutsonville and operated a mill for many years. In 1855 he was married in Terre Haute, Ind. to Paulina C. Wood, a native of Ohio, and they became the parents of two children: Stacey E., and Eleanor P. Mr. Harness was active as a Democrat; belonged to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Hutsonville, and served on the Town Board of Hutsonville for five years. He and his wife early joined the Christian Church.

born near Richmond, Ind., and brought up on a farm until thirteen years old, when the family removed to Centerville, Ind., and George began work in a cabinet-making shop, although he wanted to enter a printing office. In the spring of 1853 he returned to the farm, and in October of that year apprenticed himself to Holloway & Davis in the Palladium office at Richmond, Ind. Coming to Illinois in 1856, he started the first paper ever published in Robinson, known as the "Gazette;" in 1859 he published the "Crawford Banner," at Palestine, and in 1860 became connected with a paper at Pana. In 1862 he returned to Eastern Indiana and took charge of a paper there, but came back to Robinson in 1863 and established the Robinson Argus. Mr. Harper has been very prominent as a Republican, and was appointed Postmaster three times; he served two terms as Justice of the Peace, was President of the Board of Trustees of the Institution for the Deaf and Dumb at Jacksonville for four years, and served as Presidential Elector in 1904. He has been instrumental in securing many important changes in municipal and county government, not only through his personal influence, but by airing matters fearlessly in his paper.

Mr. Harper was married December 24, 1857, to Hannah Amanda, eldest daughter of Dr. Nelson Goodwin, of La Motte Township, who died in 1870, leaving four children. Mr. Harper married Miss Lucy H. Gattan, of Martin Township, in 1871.

HARPER, Judge John B. (deceased), for many years one of the representative men of Palestine, Crawford County, was born February 6, 1813, in Knox County, Ind., a son of James and Peggy (Walker) Harper. James was born May 15, 1790, in Fayette County, Ky., and died December 1, 1829, in Knox County, Ohio, after having been a soldier in the Indian War of 1812. His wife was born July 25, 1795, in Mercer County, Ind., and she died August 26, 1826, in Knox County, Ind. George Harper, grandfather of Judge Harper, was one of the pioneers of Fayette County, Ky. and was in the Revolution and on account of his services received a grant of land in Indiana from the Government. He built a fort on his property and began to farm it.

After an exciting pioneer life during his boyhood, John B. Harper came to Palestine in 1830, and learned the blacksmith trade, and followed it for thirty-six years, and then commenced to farm. On November 16, 1837, he married Abigail Everingham, born November 19, 1820, in Ohio, a daughter of Enoch and Triphena (Kitchell) Everingham, who came from the East. Mrs. Harper became the mother of six children: James E., Mary V., Rhoda A., Charles O., Lizzie Bell and Lucy J. For many years Mr. Harper served as Justice of the Peace and County Magistrate, was Schoo] Treasurer, and from 1869 to 1877 was County Jidge. During all his life he was a Democrat. 3

HASKETT, E. C. (deceased), who for many years. was a leading merchant of Palestine, Crawford County, Ill, was born near Hutsonville, son of John and Nancy (West) Haskett, natives of North Carolina. 'The father came to Crawford County at an early period, and lived there until his death, which occurred in the spring of 1841. He and his wife became the parents of six children. E. C. Haskett attended school only a short time in Hutsonville, but he learned from reading and observation. Remaining on the homestead until he was sixteen, Mr. Haskett entered a general store in Hutsonville, remaining there six years, when he went to Melrose and clerked for a year. From Melrose he came to Palestine, and in 1852 he entered the employ of Preston Brothers, becoming their partner in 1855. Ten years later he and his brothers bought the business, and carried on the largest establishment of their kind in the State. In 1876 they dissolved the firm, and in 1880 Mr. Haskett opened a general store. The first marriage of Mr. Haskett occurred when he was united to E. A. Kitchell, born in December, 1827, and who died in 1867, the mother of four children: Catlin P., Ida B., Fanny B. and John C. The second wife of Mr. Haskett was Mrs. Sarah E. Kitchell, born May 30, 1832, in Palestine, the daughter of Dr. H. Mauzy, and widow of a Kitchell. Mr. and Mrs. Haskett had two children: Edmund C. and Sarah E. while by her first marriage Mrs. Haskett had two children: Richard G. Kitchell and Garvin Kitchell. Mr. Haskett was an Odd Fellow, a Democrat and a member of the Presbyterian Church.

HENRY, Levi (deceased), formerly associated with the best farming interests of Oblong Township, was born in Perry County, Ohio, September 20, 1832, a son of George Henry, also born in Ohio, and who in 1848 brought his family to Oblong Township, Crawford County, settling on wild land. where he died, leaving Levi 160 acres of land, to which the latter added 250 acres. Levi remained with his father until he was thirty-one years old before he commenced farming on his own account, devoting his attention to grain and stock-raising. On February 16, 1860, he married in Crawford County, Catherine Dennis, born in Ohio, December 28, 1838, and they became the parents of six children: Anna C. Laura J. Marion Silas, Harlan Preston, George Edward and Estella. In politics Mr. Henry was a Democrat and served for two years as Highway Commissioner, discharging the duties of his office to the satisfaction of all parties concerned.

HENRY, Samuel. - The success of any man means that much advancement for his community, for unless the individual succeeds, the community will have no industrial prosperity. Samuel Henry, of Oblong Township, Crawford County, Ill, has done his part in establishing and maintaining the preeminence of his locality as an agricultural center. He was born in Perry

County, Ohio, January 21, 1837, a son of George Henry (now deceased), a farmer and blacksmith, born and reared in Ohio, where he married Anna Reric, also a native of Ohio. They became the parents of children as follows: John, Levi, Peter, Samuel and Elizabeth, all born in Perry County, Ohio.

Samuel Henry was a boy when the family came to Crawford County and located on his present farm. He assisted his father and brothers in clearing off the property, the original farm consisting of about 1,000 acres, for which the father paid $1.25 per acre. On February 17, 1859, Mr. Henry married Dorcas Manhart, daughter of John Manhart, and born in Jennings County, Ind. Mr. and Mrs. Henry became the parents of the following children: William Frederick, George W. (deceased), Thomas W., Charles E., Eliza Jane, Sarah R. and Clara May. Mr. Henry is a large property owner, being the proprietor of 160 acres on Sections 15 and 16, 40 acres on Section 21, 80 acres on Section 22, and 32 acres on Section 27. In 1906 oil wells were located on several of his farms, and there are now sixteen in operation, whieh has greatly increased the value of his property. He is a man who has always worked hard for what he secured. and at the same time has endeavored to deal fairly as a neighbor and perform his duty as head of the family. His children have been given good educational advantages, and are prosperous and happy. It is such men as Mr. Henry who have made Illinois what it is to-day, one of the greatest States in the Union.

HICKS, C. B. (deceased), who for. many years was one of the leading merchants of Hardinville, Crawford County, was born in that county, October 23, 1843. His father died before his son's birth, and when the latter was only ten years old, he began working out by the month, continuing thus until 1861 when he enlisted in Company G, Seventh Missouri Volunteer Mounted Infantry. In the battle of Raymond, May 12, 1863, he was shot through the body. He also participated in the battles of Corinth, Shiloh and Grand Gulf. On account of his wound, he was honorably discharged, October 23, 1863, and it was two years before his wound healed. As soon as he was able he bought a farm in Martin Township, but in seven years he moved to Hardinville, although he did not sell his farm, and embarked in merchandising. In 1872 Mr. Hicks married in Lawrence County, Nancy Allen Sanders, and they had three children: Bettie L., Mary Florence and Lewis Calvin. Mr. Hicks was a Democrat and held the office of Justice of the Peace and Town Clerk. Fraternally he was a member of the Masonic order. Hardinville Lodge No. 756.

HIGHSMITH, John Douglas. - Numerous are the changes which have occurred in Southern Illinois in the past decade, but probably the greatest of all were caused by the discovery of oil in Crawford County. Men grew rich in a night, new towns sprung up in almost as short a time, and the whole county became almost immediately one of the State's busiest centers of business, John Douglas Highsmith, of Section 81, Honey Creek Township, is the owner of an excellent tract of 350 acres of land, on which are located nine oil-bearing wells, which are producing rapidly. Mr. Highsmith was born January 1, 1856, in Honey Creek Township, the son of A. W. Highsmith. a pioneer farmer of this section, who was born May 7, 1815, and a grandson of James Highsmith. James Highsmith was born and reared in Kentucky, and settled in Crawford County, Ill, among the early pioneers. He became a farmer and pioneer school teacher of Montgomery Township, where he reared his family, and here A. W. Highsmith was educated and reared to manhood. He married Cynthia S. Montgomery, who was born April 1, 1819, in Montgomery Township, after which he moved to Honey Creek Township, where he entered 180 acres of land from the Government. Clearing and cultivating his land he added thereto until he had 230 acres. In addition to this he taught school for some years in the old log schoolhouses of Honey Creek Township, and here his death occurred. He and his wife had twelve children, of whom John Douglas wäs the ninth, and six of whom grew to maturity: Sarah Jane, Harriet, William F., subject. Leander and Levi. Of these Sarah Jane and Leander are now deceased. The other children died in infancy. A. W. Highsmith was a lifelong Democrat, and took an active part in local matters, holding värious township offices. Fraternally he was connected with the Masonic fraternity, and in religious faith a Baptist, dying in his fifty-fourth year.

John Douglas Highsmith was educated in the publie sehools of Honey Creek Township, his father being his teacher, and remained at home until the death of his parents, when he purchased 80 acres in Section 31. This he cleared and improved for farming, and kept steadily adding to his holdings until he now owns 350 acres of fine land. nearly all of which is cleared, on which he is engaged in practical farming and stockraising. Oil was located on Mr. Highsmith's property in 1906, and nine wells are now in operation. In political matters he is a Democrat and has taken an active part in local affairs.

On December 27, 1888, Mr. Highsmith was married to Julia E. VanWinkle, daughter of William VanWinkle, of Honey Creek Township, a sketch of whom will be found on another page of this publication. Mr. and Mrs. Highsmith are members of the Christian Church.

HIGHSMITH, Levi M. - The discovery of oil in Crawford County has opened up a new page in its history, and has brought into its confines men interested in the development of oil and the prosecution of the various other lines of industrial activity associated with it. Land heretofore of little value suddenly became almost priceless, and men who, prior to the discovery of oil, were in moderate circumstances, found themselves rich. Levi M. Highsmith, of Honey Creek Township, Crawford County, a farmer and stock-raiser, is one of those whose land has yielded up some of the riches hidden in it, oil having been discovered on his property in 1906, and he has an oil well and a gas well in active operation.

Born in Honey Creek Township, February 1, 1863, Levi M. Highsmith is the youngest son of A. W. Highsmith, an extended sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this volume. Mr. Highsmith attended school in the log school-house of the Township, where so many of Crawford County's leading men received an education, and helped his father clear the homestead. When but fourteen years old, however, he left home and remained with his sister, Mrs. Evagorus Rundle, unti] his marriage, December 11, 1883, to Alice Weger, a daughter of Neil Weger. As was her husband, Mrs. Highsmith was born and reared in Honey Creek Township, and they have become the parents of the following children: Oito, Burril, Oscar, Lester, Lena, Julia and Orman, all born and reared in Honey Creek Township. After marriage the young couple moved to their present home, which then consisted of 40 acres. This was in brusb and timber, but he cleared it off, and made all of the improvements, including the erection of a comfortable residence and commodious barn, as well as other suitable outbuildings. His land now consists of 160 acres, which he devotes to farming and stock-raising. When he married he had no assets, but to-day he is in very comfortable circumstances, and has himself to thank for his prosperity.

Always a Democrat, Mr. Highsmith has been active in behalf of his party, and has served for the past four years as constable, for three years has been Township Clerk, and for fifteen years was School Director. He is a Mason, belonging to Russelville Lodge, No. 348. He and his wife are members of the Missionary Baptist Church and are very popular in the church, as well as in the township where they have many warm, personal friends.

HIGHSMITH, Nathaniel Johnson, of Robinson, Il, member of the old established and well known firm of Highsmith Brothers. importers of French, German and Belgian stallions and one of the most prominent men in political circles of Crawford County, IlL, was born on a farm five miles south of Robinson, March 11, 1866, a Son of John Madison and Catherine (Seaney) Highsmith. John Madison Highsmith, now deceased, was born October 27, 1836, in Montgomery Township, Crawford County, a son of . Mathes Highsmith, and was the only survivor of a family of eight children. When only sixteen he began to earn his own living. and supplemented his common school education by extensive reading. On November 15, 1856, John M. Highsmith married Catherine Seaney, whose parents were among the early pioneers of Crawford County. Mr. and Mrs, Highsmith had children as follows: W. Frank, member of the firm of Highsmith Brothers, and has two daughters and two sons; Belle, who married William Allison, a farmer of Bismark, IlL, and they have two daughters and four sons; Jane, who married 8. N. Hope, a dealer in fine horses, residing in Robinson, and they have three daughters and two Sons; James Marion, who was a cripple from birth and died when thirty-ive; Emma. who married Cuba Reinoehl, a merchant at Rolla, Mo., and they have one son; Nathaniel J., married; Harmon E. member of Highsmith Brothers firm, is unmarried and lives in Robinson, Ill.; Osear O., who resides on his farm in Robinson Township, married Julia Barrick but has no children; Mattie, who married Charles M, Murphy, a merchant of Terre Haute, Ind., and they have one child; Charles, died in infancy, and Rose, who married John E. Griswold, a farmer of Robinson Township, and they have two daughters.

John Madison Highsmith spent his life in Crawford County, soon after his marriage moving to a farm in the northeastern part of Honey Creek Township, where the family resided until Septeniber, 1891, when they removed to Robinson. Mr. Highsmith added, from time to time, to his acreage and at the time of his demise owned 400 acres of as valuable land as could be found in the township. He farmed, raised stock, and engaged extensively in buying and shipping Stock, and between 1870 and 1880 was the most extensive stock-dealer in Crawford County, and until three years prior to his death. was actively engaged in this line. A life-long Democrat, Mr. Highsmith was honored by his party many times and served in many of the township offices, from 1880 to 1884 served as Sheriff of Crawford County, and in 1884 was elected Representative in the General Assembly from the Forty-fifth District, His death occurred on November 16, 1903, and the funeral services were held at his late residence, the Rev. S. A. Caldwell officiating. Mr. Highsmith was one of Nature's noblemen, a man strictly honorable in all his dealings, truly public-spirited, who held the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens, and commanded universal regard.

Nathaniel Johnson Highsmith spent his school days at the Brown School, near Duneanville. From early manhood he has been successful in every line he has taken up, and he is now regarded as one of the most substantial men of his section. He is the owner of three farms in Robinson Township, in addition to houses and buildings in the city of Robinson, and he is a member of the firm of Highsmith Brothers importers of French, German and Belgian stallions, which he ships throughout the United States.

A Democrat in polities, Mr. Highsmith has been one of the leaders of his party in Crawford County, having held numerous offices. He was Sheriff of the county in 1906, and is now Secretary of the County Central Committee. Fraternally he is connected with the Modern Woodmen, the order of Odd Fellows, the Tribe of

Ben Hur and the Rebeccas. His religious affiliations are with the Christian Church, of which he is trustee. Mr. Highsmith's long service to the Democratic party is sufficient evidence of his ability and fidelity to duty, but it is due him to say that he has in his public capacity displayed only the same traits which have characterized his private life - strict attention to the details of his work and thoughtful, intelligent management, qualities which cannot fail to bring about satisfactory results.

Mr. Highsmith was married at New Hebron, Ill, November 10, 1885, to Syrilda Houston, born June 21, 1867, near St. Clair, Mo., a daughter of Charles and Elizabeth (Wall) Houston, farmers of Honey Creek Township. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Highsmith, namely: Carrie, born November 29, 1887; Cleo, born December 11, 1890, and Cliffie, born December 5, 1892.

HIGHSMITH, William Franklin. - Crawford County numbers among its residents many very successful farmers who have attained their present prosperity through hard, unremitting labo", for fortunes are not made in a day from agricultural pursuits. Each day brings its quota of work and yet if good management is exercised, economy practiced, and hard work not shirked, in time a rich reward is harvested. William Franklin Highsmith is one of the farmers of Honey Creek Township who has proven the truth of the foregoing. He was born on the homestead, Section 32, Honey Creek Township, August 4, 1852, a son of A. W. Highsmith. a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this volume.

Wiliam F. Highsmith was educated in the district schools of Honey Creek Township, and assisted his father. On April 17, 1873, he was married to Mahala D. Parker, the daughter of Newman Parker, a pioneer of that locality, where she was born October 17, 1854, and was there reared. - After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Highsmith moved to a farm in Montgomery Township, where Mr. Highsmith rented land for two years. For two years following he lived on his father-in-law's farm, and then purchased his present farm, commencing with 40 acres, which he cleared and put under cultivation. Now he owns 80 acres, all of which has been cleared by him. He has put up his home and barn and other outbuildings, making all of the improvements himself. He devotes his attention to general farming and stock-raising.

Mr. and Mrs. Highsmith have had children as follows: Laura, wife of Edward Hamilton, of Montgomery Township; Owen E.; Elsie N.; Ida J.; Leander, and five deceased, all except the first having been born in Honey Creek Township. Mr. Highsmith has always been a Democrat, and has taken a very active part in local affairs, serving twice as Township Assessor and Tax Collector, as well as in other township offices, and always faithfully discharging his duties. Fraternally he is a member of the Independent

HILL, Doctor (deceased), settled in what is now Hutsonville Township, Crawford County, in 1818, and was one of the pioneers of this iocality. He was born in Randolph County,.N. C., June 28, 1796, a son of John and Rachel (Sargent) Hill, the former having been born on the same place as his son, and died in 1849, about eighty-two years old. The mother war also born in North Carolina, and died in Crawford County aged ninety-three. Nine children were born to these parents. Doctor Hill was a farmer, blacksmith and shoemaker, and a skilled mechanie, and when eighty-six years old he made two plows with his own hands. While not an educated man from a book standpoint, he was a close observer and understood his work thoroughly. His first marriage occurred in 1815 to Nancy Boyd, born March 9, 1797, in Guilford County, N. C. She died in 1825, leaving a family of five children: Sargent, Elizabeth, Rachel, Mary and Nancy. The second marriage of Doctor Hill oceurred November 13, 1828, in Crawford County, when he was united with Cynthia Smith, born on the South Branch of the Potomac, in Virginia, July 2, 1795, daughter of Jacob B. and Hannah (Hand) Smith, he a native of Germany and she of Virginia. Mrs. Hill died in January, 1872. Mr. Hill became the owner of 402 acres of land in Hutsonville Township, and was a prominent Democrat, holding the office of Commissioner. He remembered distinctly many features of Thomas Jefferson's administration, and was a warm admirer of that great statesman.

HILL, John (deceased), for many years one of the leading merchants of Robinson, was born in Sullivan County, Ohio, November 10, 1816, but {rom 1818 was a resident of Crawford County, Il., to which his father removed in that year. For more than half a century Mr. Hill was a farmer and became the owner of some 2,500 aeres of land, including his father's original entry of 160 acres. He divided his property among his children and, retiring to Robinson, entered the mercantile field in which he met with marked success. His grocery establishment for many years served as a base of supplies, not only for tbe people of Robinson but a large contiguous territory. Mr. Hill erected his large brick store, and his annual sales have aggregated as much as $30,000, and in all of his dealings he has held the confidence of his associates and patrons.

On February 28, 1838, Mr. Hill married in Crawford County, Miss Morris, and they became the parents of children as follows: Charles M., Henry M., Diana Boofter and Mary Mc- Lean. Mrs. Hill dying, in 1875, Mr. Hill married Mrs. Sterrett. Politically Mr. Hill was a Democrat.

Crawford County, was born March 19, 1820, in Knox County, Ind, a son of John and Mary (Clark) Hill, born in North Carolina, in 1793 and 1795, respectively. John Hill who was a farmer and a soldier in the War of 1812, died in Knox County, Ind., in 1825. He and his wife had nine children. John M. L. Hill weht to school in Indiana and learned the saddler and harnessimaking trades. After many vicissitudes, Mr. Hill finally opened a harness shop in Palestine in 1845, and in 1854 embarked in a stock business, and from time to time entered land in different counties, so that eventually he became the owner of 717 acres of land in addition to town property. On October 8, 1846, he married in La Motte Township, Jane Purcell, born March 24, 1824, in La Motte Township, the daughter of Jonathan Purcell, a native of Virginia and a pioneer of the county. Mr. Hill was first a Whig but later a Republican, and was one of the suecessful men of his locality.

HOLLOWELL, Silas. - No biographical record of Crawford County, Ill, would be complete without -the names of its leading agriculturists, men of sturdy character and upright lives who have done so much towards reclaiming this part of the State from the wild prairie. Prominent among this class of representative men may be mentioned Silas Hollowell, whose 200 acres of farming land testify to his thrift and intelligence as a farmer. Mr. Hollowell was born in--Orange County, Md., October 13, 1833, a son of James and Agnes Hollowell, farming people, who came to Crawford County, Ill., in 1837 and here spent the remainder of their lives. James and Agnes Hollowell had these children: Silas; Elizabeth Ann, born March 25, 1835; John, born November 29, 1836, died September 4, 1841; Woodward, born December 23, 1841, died in Memphis (' Tenn.) Hospital, February 2, 1863, from diseases contracted during the Civil War; Emily, born May 25, 1840, died May 3, 1863, having married Henry Wood, a farmer of Licking Township, by whom she had one daughter, now deceased; and Sarah, born September 7, 1845, and married William Foster, a farmer of Clark County, Ill. by whom she had eight children, but is now deceased.

Silas Hollowell received but a limited education in the schools of Licking Township, after which he began farming and has continued in that occupation all of his life. On October 26, 1864, he enlisted in Company D, Thirtieth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, Captain Woodford Hand, and continued with that regiment until the close of the war, being mustered out at Springfield, July 17, 1865. On December 2, 1869, he was married by Rev. John Anderson, a minister of the Protestant Methodist faith, to Sarah E. Barton, who was born July 30, 1842, a daughter of Samuel B. and Rebecca (Smith) Barton, natives of Coshocton County, Ohio, who had these children: Sarah E.; Nancy Jane, who died in infancy; Samuel Palmer, born September 1, 1846; John Smith, born March 17, 1850; Gab-

To Mr. and Mrs. Silas Hollowell have been born these children: Minnie Gertrude, born May 27, 1871, married October 11, 1896, Ernest Wilbert Barrett, son of Philip and Mary Ann Barrett, and they live on a farm one mile south of Annapolis; Palmer Barton, born April 185, 1873, died August 29, 1875; Woodard, born Oc- tober 31, 1874, died December 28th of the same year; John Edson, born December 18, 1875, died December 10, 1878; Ethel Belle, born May 9, 1878, was married at the old homestead September 4, 1901, to Joseph Zellers, by Rev. Munsey, of the United Brethren faith, and they have one daughter; Mildred Lucille, born November 14, 1906, and are living on a farm one mile north of Annapolis; Sherman Garfield, born May 2, 1880; and George Freeman, born November 23, 1882, who was married January 20, 1907, by Rev. Herchey, to Myrtle Cramer, daughter of Jesse Cramer.

Silas Hollowell is a Republican in politics, is connected with Joseph Shaw Post, No. 235, C. A. R., Annapolis, Ill., and for over fifty years has been a member of the Missionary Baptist Church, of which he is Deacon and Trustee, and of which his wife has been a member for forty years.

HOOKER, William R. - The agricultural preeminence of Illinois is widely recognized, and it is generally more than admitted that this high position is due to the faithful efforts of the farmers, and Crawford County possesses as many of them as any of the other communities. William R. Hooker, farmer on Section 23, Martin Township. is one of the old and highly respected men of his township. Mr. Hooker was born in Warren County, Ind. May 25, 1838, a son of Silas Hooker, an Indiana farmer, who was a native of North Carolina and went to Ohio with' his parents at an early date. There he was reared and edueated, and eventually married Mary Ann Wakeman, a native of New York, but married in Ohio. Both Mr. and Mrs. Hooker came of Dutch descent. William R. Hooker was the fifth child and third son of a family of twelve children, three of whom died in infancy, and he was born after the family moved to Warren County, Ind., where the parents resided until they died. Silas Hooker was a Whig, later a Republican, and was a very prominent man, serving for many years as Probate Judge of Warren County. He was also largely interested in stock-raising.

William R. Hooker was reared and educated in Warren County, and there grew to manhood. On Oetober 26, 1865, he married, in Warren County, Mary M. Sale, born May 15, 1840, in Ohio, where she lived until she was thirteen, when her parents moved to Indiana. She was a daughter of John F. Sale, an Indiana farmer and local Methodist preacher, who was born

Mr. Hooker farmed in Indiana until 1892, when he brought his family to Illinois, and buying 120 acres, settled on his present place, where he has made all the improvements and where he now carries on general farming and stockraising. In 1906 oil was discovered on his property and he now has eight wells in active operation. Mr. and Mrg. Hooker have the following children: Cora E., Addie J., Hattie P. and Sylvia R.

In addition to farming, Mr. Hooker has followed the trade of blacksmithing and carpentering which he learned in Indiana, and has been very successful in every line of work. He is a Republican in politics, and he and his family are members of the Methodist Church. They are all highly esteemed in the neighborhood, where they have many friends.

HOPE, William A. - Some families gave more to the Union than others during the Civil War. It was no uncommon thing for a man and his sons to enlist, sometimes in the same regiment, but they did not all attain distinction. Considering the number of battles, it is wonderful that more of the men were not rewarded, but those who did rise through special acts of heroism are all the more revered. William A. Hope, of Palestine, Ill., belongs to a distinguished family whose name was associated with both the civic and the military history of the county. Mr. Hope was born in Blount County, Tenn., February 14, 1831, a son of Adam and Mary Jane Hope, natives of Greene County, Tenn. where the father was a farmer.

A brother, James Hope, was in the Mexican War, and also enlisted as a private in the Seventh Tennessee Volunteer Infantry during the Civil War, but afterwards raised a company of which he was made Captain on account of his bravery. He was in many battles and at Shiloh, after being wounded sixteen times, urged his men to leave him to die, believing that they would only sacrifice themselves in trying to save him. However, he was rescued and, after a painful experience in hospital, rejoined his regiment with the rank of Major.

The war record of William A. Hope is also an interesting one for he enlisted on August 12, 1862, in Company E, Ninety-eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, Captain Cox commanding, but meeting with a railroad accident, was sent home on September 12, 1862. As soon as he recovered he rejoined his regiment and participated in his first engagement March 1, 1863, at Hoover's Gap, Chickamauga. Mr. Hope had the misfortune to be taken prisoner, and was at Andersonville for nine months, but being exchanged, once more rejoined his regiment. He was honorably discharged, in 1865, at Springfield, Ill. With no premonition of his coming soldier life, Mr. Hope attended school in the log school house, and later

On December 22, 1851, Mr. Hope married Hannah J. Tadford, a daughter of Robert A. and Rebecca (McClurg) Tadford, and they had nine children. Mrs. Hope died May 17, 1873, and on June 15, 1874, Mr. Hope married near Morea, Crawford County, Elizabeth Tadford, a sister of his first wife. Mr. and Mrs. Hope have had the following children: Frederick H., born March 9, 1815, married Lou Johnson of Montgomery County, Ohio, and sailed July 13, 1907, as a missionary to an African station, where his wife died, May 2, 1908; Marcus 8., born May 29. 1876; Arta P., born May 17, 1878; Nelson A., born January 8, 1880; Chester A., born April 14. 1882; Oliver R., born June 14, 1884; Esther S., born August 26, 1886, and Erskine T., born in 1888.

Mr. Hope is a Republican, and is a member of Palestine Post, G. A. R., in which he takes a lively interest. For fifty-six years he has been a member of the Presbyterian Church, in which he is an elder, and to which his wife has belonged for forty years.

HORNING, Isaac Newton. - A successful farmer in Illinois is a man who is to be envied, for his fertile acres are a source of income to him that inereases as the land grows more valuable. In Crawford County, Ill, property has increased in value very materially within the past few years, and among those who have profited by this is Isaac Newton Horning, who was born in Montgomery County, Pa., twenty-eight miles west of Philadelphia, September 11, 1841. a son of Isaac and Sarah (Warner) Horning. The father was born on a farm in Montgomery County, Pa. May 4, 1804, moved to a farm in Montgomery County, Ohio, in 1843, and in 1865 came to Hutsonville Township, Crawford County, IlL, where he died in 1885. His wife was born in Montgomery County, Pa., in 1807, and died at the home of her daughter in Hutsonville Town- Ship, in 1888.

Isaac Newton Horning went to the subscription schools in Montgomery County, Ohio, and there was reared to farm life. He was twentyfour when with his parents he came to Crawford County in 1865. The father bought 400 acres of wild land of which the subject of this Sketch later bought 80 acres from his father. In 1876 he bought the 80 acres on which he now resides, this being then mostly improved. In 1877 he built on this tract a frame house which was burned in 1893, and which was replaced by his present residence, the same year also building his barn. He has two sisters, surviving: Sarah, who married and lives in Hutsonville Township; Lydia Fanny, married Manuel Furry, who died and she now lives in Hutsonville.

On August 6, 1862, Mr. Horning enlisted in Company I, Ninety-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, under Captain T. C. Mitchell, at Dayton, Ohio, and after serving one year was discharged on account of disability, but re-enlisted in May,

1864. in the One Hundred and Thirty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served until the close of the war, being mustered out at Columbus, Ohio, in December, 1865. He is now a member of the C. A. R., Thos. Markley Post, and takes a deep interest in its work. For twenty-five years he has been.a member of the Christian Church. In politics he is a Republican, but has never sought publie honors.

On October 18, 1866, Mr. Horning was married at Dayton, Ohio, to Mary C. Harry, born in Preble County, Ohio, near West Alexandria, May 22, 1844, and died June 22, 1907, her remains lying in the cemetery at LaMotte, Ill. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Horning were: Olive, born April 16, 1871, married Daniel Spear, who died in 1898 - later she married A. E. Detwiler and they live in Chicago; Daisy, born March 20, 1873, is unmarried; Harry T., born April 20, 1876 married Elma Moore of Hutsonville Towpship and they live in Saxton, Scott County, Mo.; William J., born December 3, 1878, married Emma Wilson of Robinson, and they reside on a farm near town; Osey G., born September 20, 1880, is unmarried and lives at home. Mr. Horning has been a successful farmer and has gained and retained the confidence and respect of his associates and friends.

HOUSTON, Alpheus B. - Possessed of those attributes which distinguish the really great, - self-possession, alertness, resolution, patience, strength, or, to put it in fewer words, character - Alpheus B. Houston, of Robinson, Crawford County, Ill, is a man whose public career has scarcely begun, although he has already held many of the important offices of the city and county. Born in Manila, Rush County, Ind., November 16, 1844, he is a son of Joseph Washiugton and Sarah Jane (Brown) Houston. Joseph W. Houston was born January 1, 1813, in Maryland, and became a physician of prominence, practicing for forty years in Rush County, Ind. His wife was born in Ross County, Ohio, November 2, 1819. Dr. Houston served as surgeon during a portion of the Civil War, and was later appointed by Governor Morton, the War Governor of Indiana, to the position of Counsellor to preserve the peace of the turbulent section in which he lived.

Alpheus B. Houston received his education in the common schools of Rush County, Ind., and at the same time learned all the details of farming. His father being so prominent a man, the lad was naturally imbued with patriotism, and enlisted in Company H, Ninth Regiment, Indiana Volunteer Cavalry, December 17, 1863, when only Seventeen years old. Among the engagements in which he participated were the following: Sulphur Trussels, Ala., September 25, 1864, where his brother, Cassander T., belonging to the same company, was killed; Lawrenceburg, Tenn., June 26, 1864; EIk River, Tenn., September 2, 1864; Nashville, December 15, 1864; Granny White Pike, December 16, 1864; Hollow Tree Gap. Tenn., December 17, 1864; Franklin, Tenn., Deoe cember 17, 1864. At the last-named place he, single-handed, captured 125 men and a full stand of colors as the war records show. He was called to Washington for promotion for a special act of bravery at this battle, but was unable to £o on account of sickness; he also fought at Little Harpeth, Tenn. and Reynolds Hill, December 25, 1864, and at Sugar Creek, December 26, 1864. After his distinguished service, he was honorably discharged at the close of the war at Vicksburg, Miss, August 8, 1865, being at that time Quartermaster Sergeant of his Company.

Mr. Houston returned to Robinson and immediately began to take an active part in public affairs, working with the Republican party. The esteem in which the people of Robinson, as well as Crawford County, held him, was shown in the fact that he was called upon to fill so many publie offices, He was first elected to the office of Constable and then Sheriff of Crawford County, and after his two years occupancy of the latter office, for eight years was Deputy Sheriff and then once more served four years as Sheriff. He has also served as City Marshal of Robinson, and for three years was a member of the City Council.

On August 29, 1869. Mr. Houston married Mary Jane Hamilton, a daughter of William F. Hamilton, a farmer of Sumner, Lawrence County, Ill. Before Mr. Houston's marriage, his father-inlaw had been a resident of Oblong Township, and later he returned to Crawford County, dying at Robinson. Mrs. Houston died February 20, 1873. The first of her two children lived to maturity: Ella, who married Thomas S. Apgar, had one child, and then died; the second child died in infancy. Mr. Houston was married on January 6, 1874, to Miss Lavona Myers, as his second wife, who was born in Licking County. Ohio, but was reared and educated at Robinson, Ill, and was living there at the time of her marriage. The following children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Houston: Maud, November 12, 1874, is a graduate of Robinson High School; Alpheus Caswell, December 30, 1881; Beatrice Gerelda, November 29, 1885 - all of whom are married, Maud having four boys,.Alpheus two boys, and Beatrice one girl. Mr. Houston is very prominent in Henry Longenecker Post, G. A. R., and is also a member in the Knights of Pythias. Odd Fellows and Modern Woodmen. The home of the Houstons, on North Franklin Street, is surrounded by the homes of their children and the family ties are very strong. Mr. Houston is not only popular as a man whose official record is without a stain, but the gallant service he rendered his country makes him a prominent figure upon all occasions when special honors are paid to the veterans of the Civil War. With his wife and children he is a consistent attendant of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

HOWE, Sylvanus. - Mr. Howe was born in Switzerland County, Ind., October 19, 1855, a son of George Osear and America (Lillard) Howe. Until fifteen years of age, Mr. Howe attended the subscription schools of his neighborhood, but after coming to Crawford County, as Soon as old enough he rented the W. T. Gordon farm of 240 acres, which he finally purchased and it is his present property.

On April 5, 1876, Mr. Howe married Mary A. Gordon, daughter of W. T. Gordon and Emeline Gordon. Mr. Gordon was born July 29, 1820, in the State of New Jersey, whence he moved to Perry County, Ohio, in boyhood. By trade he was a carpenter, and also taught school winter. Mrs. Gordon was born in Perry County, Ohio. In 1868 the Gordon family came to Crawford County, Ill., where Mr. Gordon died December 18, 1904, aged eighty-four years, his wife having died April 9, 1860. Mr. and Mrs. Howe have had children as follows: Clifford A., born December 26, 1876, married Louise Camden, formerly of Canada (no issue), and they live in Chicago where he works at the trade of boilermaker; Abby Lillard, born September 3, 1879, married Henry K. Perrin, of Palestine, Ill., have three children, and live at Chicago Heights, near Chicago; Irving G., born March 3, 1882; Emma, C., born January 23, 1886; Vernie Emeline, born October 27, 1888; John Palmer, born October 12, 1891, and William Gordon, born October 17, 1894. In polities Mr. Howe is a Prohibitionist and took à deep interest in the crusade of 1908. Fraternally he is a Modern Woodman. Mrs. Howe is a member of the Methodist Church, having joined it about forty years ago.

George Osear Howe, father of Sylvanus Howe, was born in Dearborn County, Ind., December 31, 1833, and died April 18, 1893, at the home of his son Sylvanus. He was a stationary engineer and was employed on Mississippi River steamboats at an early day. His wife was born in Kentucky, October 20, 1847, and died September 24, 1879, in Madison, Jefferson County, Ind. Mr. and Mrs. George O. Howe had children as follows: Sylvanus; Abbie G.; Eliza Foster (deceased), was married and her one child survives; Annie Laurie, deceased; Edwin M. R., married Mary Huffman from Broad Ripple, Ind., and they have had no children.

HUGHES, James Marion. - In every community there are certain men who, by reason of wealth, natural ability or position, dominate their neighbors, either in business, political or church life, and among the residents of La Motte Township, Crawford County, who possess such distinction, may be appropriately named James Marion Hughes. Mr. Hughes was born in Montgomery Township, February 11, 1868, a son of William Ferdinand and Martha J. (Buntin) Hughes.

James Marion Hughes was educated in the publie schools of Palestine. Ill., and when twenty years old he took a course in shorthand and typewriting in the Metropolitan Commercial College of Chicago. Graduating from this institution in 1889, he came to Palestine and worked on his father's farm three miles west of Palestine. On August 5, 1891, he married on the old homestead of William Fife, in La Motte Town- ship, Mattie J. Fife, daughter of William and Martha J. (Paris) Fife, the Rev. W. D. Ralston, pastor of the United Presbyterian Church officiating. Mr. and Mrs. Hughes have three children: Virgil William, born July 1, 1892; Miles Fife, born August 6, 1897, and James Paul, born December 3, 1906. In politics Mr. Hughes is a Republican, but he has never desired office. For about fourteen years he has been a member of the United Presbyterian Church, and is one of its most active workers, being now Ruling Elder of the church and a popular teacher in the Sunday School. Mrs. Hughes has been a member of the church for thirty years, and, like her husband, takes a deep interest in its good work.

HUGHES, William Ferdinand. - The veteran of the Civil War is an object of profound reverence and national affection, for the country fully appreciates how much he has done for it, and that the preservation of the Union is largely due to the efforts of himself and his comrades in arms. It is an easy matter at this late day to criticise the actions and purposes of those who defend the flag, but it was a different matter in the dark days of 1861-65, when to prove one's loyalty meant the imperilment of one's own life. Yet there were not lacking thousands who boldly faced this danger.

A veteran whose life has been devoted to his country, both as a soldier and a private citizen, is William Ferdinand Hughes, of La Motte Township, Crawford County, Ill. Mr. Hughes was born in Hancock County, Ky., December 22, 1841. On February 11, 1865, he enlisted in Coinpany H, One Hundred and Fifty-second Illinois Volunteer Infantry, Col. F. D. Stevenson commanding, and served until he was mustered out September 11, 1865. He was elected Second Lieutenant of his company and served in that capacity until it was mustered out.

Mr. Hughes is a son of Miles and Sallie (Goslee) Hughes, and a grandson of Dr. Samuel Goslee, who was born in Massachusetts, while his daughter Sallie was born near Louisville, Ky. There were the following children in the family of Miles Hughes: Samuel G., Ellen, William F., John, Margaret, James, George and Elizabeth. After the death of his first wife, Miles Hughes married Elizabeth Lewis, a daughter of Elisha Lewis, of New England, and by his second marriage there were five children: Johanna, Elizabeth (deceased), Ellen, Fannie and William L.

William F. Hughes was educated in the subscription schools of his period, and in October, 1860, came to Crawford County, settling in Martin Township. On January 3, 1867, he married Martha J. Buntin, a daughter of James and Margaret (Bratton) Buntin, who came from Kentucky to Palestine, Crawford County, when the old Fort La Motte was still standing. Mrs. Buntin was over eighty-five years old when she died at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Hughes, about 1890. 'The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Hughes were: James M., born in February, 1868; Effie, born in April, 1870, married Richard Hotehkiss of Canada, and they live on a farm in

La Motte Township, having three sons and one daughter; Maggie, born September, 1875, married George H. Lewis, and lives in Portland, Oregon, having a son ; John, born in November, 1818, married Ola Apple, and they have a son and daughter and live on a farm near Palestine. Mrs. John Hughes is a daughter of Caleb Apple, who came from Ohio.

HULSE, LaFayette. - Fgrming as an occupation is engaging the time and attention of men of superior attainments, for they realize that never before has the science of farming been so developed. Lafayette Hulse, a farmer and stockraiser of Section 18, Oblong Township, Crawford County, Ill., is a man who has made farming pay, and although a young man has achieved success, He was born on his present farm May 5, 1879, a son of O. M. Hulse, also a farmer and stock-raiser, who was born in Jennings County, Ind., August 26, 1852, a son of A. J. Hulse, now deceased, was a pioneer of Oblong Township, and was born in Warren County, Ohio, where he was reared and after reaching manhood moved to Jennings County, Ind., and married Hannah Eveleth. They had two children, Myron and O. M., the former being now deceased. The first wife of A. J. Hulse died in Indiana, and he married again, his second wife being Nancy Jennings. born, reared and married in Indiana. She bore her husband seven children, and is now living in Oblong Township.

In 1868 A. J. Hulse emigrated to Illinois, crossing the Wabash River, October 9, 1871, locating in Oblong Township, where he bought 96 acres of land, improved the greater part of it and resided upon it until his death, which occurred in 1894, when he was sixty-four years old. He was a life-long Republican. O. M., in 1876, married in Oblong Township, Betsy Allen, born in Crawford County. Montgomery Township, in 1858, the daughter of William Allen. Mr. and Mrs. O. M. Hulse were the parents of the following children: Stephen, Lafayette, Carrie, Josie (deceased), Samuel, Debbie, Pearl (deceased), William, James, Hannah (deceased) and one who died in infancy, all born on the homestead. They were all edueated in the district schools, and were bright, intelligent young people. The mother died in 1896, and the father married again in April, 1898. Dicea Higgins, born in Montgomery Township, daughter of George Higgins, and by her he had two children: Ruth and Silva. After his first marriage he bought 71 acres in Oblong Township, to which he added until he now owns 222 acres. In politics he is a Republican, and is serving his third term as Road Commission. He has operated a threshing machine and sawmill for thirty-two years, and is one of the most enterprising men of his community.

In 1907 oil was discovered on the home place, and there are now nineteen wells in active operation. Samuel Hulse, brother of Lafayette Hulse, who was born March 31, 1887, is operating the old home in conjunction with Lafayette Hulse. Samuel was married May 5, 1906, to Dessie Allen, born in Montgomery Township. Crawford County, a daughter of Dennis Allen. One child has been born to them, Cecil. Both the Hulse brothers are Republicans and they are enterprising, progressive farmers and successful young business men, who enjoy in the highest degree the confidence and respect of their neighbors.

HURST, I. C. - The prosperity of any community is measured by the standing and reliability of its representative men, and Hutsonville Township, Crawford County, is particularly fortunate in numbering among its residents some who have been in business for more than a quarter of a century, steadily building up a large trade and firmly establishing themselves in the confidence of their fellow citizens. Such a desirable condition of affairs has not been reached, however, without energetic effort, hard work and good management, and the success attained is therefore all the more creditable. Among those who have been thus successful is L. C. Hurst, who was born Hutsonville, March 16. 1854.