Sangamon County, Illinois - City of Springfield 563, 1881 (part 20 of 25)

Richard Yates

Richard Yates was born January 18, 1818, on the banks of the Ohio river, at Warsaw, Gallatin county, Kentucky. His father, in 1831, moved to Illinois, and settled (after stopping for a time in Springfield) at Island Grove, Sangamon county. Here, after attending school, Richard joined the family. Subsequently, he entered Illinois College at Jacksonville, where, in 1837, he graduated, with first honors. He chose for his profession the law, the Hon. J. J. Hardin being his instructor. After admission to the Bar, he soon rose to distinction as an advocate. Gifted with a fluent and ready oratory, he soon appeared in the political hustings*, and, being a passionate admirer of the great Whig leader of the West, Henry Clay, he joined his political fortunes to the party of his idol. In 1840, he engaged with great ardor in the exciting "hard cider campaign " for Harrison. Two years later, he was elected to the legislature, and such was the fascination of his oratory, ihat by 1850, his large Congressional district, extending from Morgan and Sangamon north, to include La Salle, unanimously tendered him the Whig nomination. His opponent of the Democratic party was Major Thomas L. Harris, a very popular man, who had won distinction at the battle of CeiTO Gordo, in the late war with Mexico, and who, though the district was Whig, had beaten for the same position, two years before, the Hon. Stephen T.Logan, by a large majority. The contest between Yates and Harris, animating and persevering, resulted in the election of the former. Two years later, the Democracy ungenerously thrust aside Major Harris, and pitted John Calhoun against Yates, and, though Calhoun was a man of great intellect, and, when aroused, of unsurpassed ability as a political debater - whom Mr. Lincoln had said he would dread more in debate than anyman in Illinois - the result was as before. It was during Yates' second term that the great Congress, against which he early arrayed himself, and took decided and advanced anti-slavery ground, in a speech of rare oratory and remarkable power, which gained him National reputation, ftut we have seen that at the formation of the Republican party, the Whigs of Central Illinois, unwilling to join their fortunes with a sectional party, went with the Democracy, and in 1854, Major Harris being again his opponent for Congress,

Yates was defeated on the Nebraska issue, by only about two hundrea votes, in the district which had given Pierce, two years before, two thousand majority over Scott. Six years later, he was elected Governor by the party, for the aid in the formation of which he had suffered this defeat.

Richard Yates occupied the chair of State during the most critical period of our country's history. In the fate of the Nation was involved the destiny of the States. The life-struggle of tlie former derived its sustenance front the loyalty of the latter. The position of Governor of a great State was, therefore, important and responsible, as it was capable of being exerted for vast good or immense evil. Need it be said that in this trying period he discharged his duty with patriotic fidelity to the cause of the Nation? Governor Yates had many valuable attributes for his high station in this ordeal of the country. His loyalty was as undoubted as it proved itself true. He was the close personal friend of President Lincoln. His ardent devotion to the Union was founded upon a deep love for it. While he had been early identiiied with the formation of the Republican party, he had not been connected with the old Abolitionists, among whom wei'e persons who preferred the success of their hobby to the safety of the Union. But above all, he had a deep hold upon the affections of the people, won by his moving eloquence and genial manners. He inspired strong attachments among his partisan friends. Nature had fashioned^him to be admired by the masses. Handsome, erect and symmetrical in person, with a winning address and a magnetic power, few men possessed more of the elements of popularity. His oratory, into the spirit of which he entered with apparent forgetfuluess of self was scholarly and captivating, the hearer hardly knowing why he was transported. Though less logical than eloquent, he reasoned well, and always inspired deep and enduring partisan attachments. He was social and convivial to an eminent degree, traits of character which, however, were subjected to little of puritanical denial; but in the very excesses of his appetites he has carried with him the sympathies of the people, almost irrespective of party, on account of his many noble attributes of head and heart.

The very creditable military efforts of this State during the war of the rebellion, in putting her quotas, aggregating the enormous number of two hundred thousand soldiers, in the field, were ever promptly and ably seconded by his Excellency; he was ambitious to deserve the title of the soldier's friend. His proclamations calling for volunteers are impassionate appeals, urging the duties and requirements of patriotism upon the people; and his special messages to the last Democratic legislature of this State, pleading material aid for the sick and wounded soldiers of Illinois regiments, breathe a deep feivor of noble sentiment and feeling rarely equalled in beauty or felicity of expression. Generally his messages on political or civil affairs were able and compre hensive; though on these subjects, particularly the former, his style is, perhaps, too florid and diffuse. There were no State civil events of an engrossing character during Governor Yates' administration. Two years of it, however, were replete with partisan quarrels of great bitterness, during the sitting of the Constitutional Convention of 1862, and the sessions of the last Democratic legislature in 1863, which latter body he finally squelched by his act of prorogation.

James D. Henry

James D. Henry was a native of Pennsylvania. ]3eing compelled to labor for his support from early childhood, he was barely able to read and write when he arrived at the age of manhood. In 182-2, he emigrated to Illinois, and settled at Edwardsville, where he labored as a mechanic during the day and attended school at night. He next engaged in merchandizing there, and in

1826 moved to Springfield, where he continued in the same business, and was soon after elected sheriff of Sangamon county. While discharging his duties as sheriff, the Winnebago war of

1827 came on. A battalion of four companies was raised, and under command of Colonel Thomas M. Neale, with Mr. Henry as Adjutant, started in pursuit of the savages. Six of the leaders gave themselves up, and thus ended the campaign.

When the Black Hawk war began in 1831, Adjutant Henry was appointed to command the first of two battalions from Sangamon county. The Indians retreated before the soldiers crossed the Mississippi river, and the chiefs returned and made a treaty of peace June 30, 1831. In the spring of 1832, when the chief. Black Hawk again commenced hostilities. Colonel Henry was once more appointed to command a battalion; but before meeting the enemy, the term of enlistment of the whole eighteen hundred men in the field expired. A regiment was immediately organized oi those among the disbanded forces who were willing to volunteer for the purpose of holding the savages in check while more permanent forces could be raised. Colonel Henry, acted as Lieutenant Colonel of this temporary organization. Three thousand two hundred men were raised, and Lieutenant-Colonel Henry was appointed General of the third brigade of twelve hundred men. General Henry commanded in the battle ( ( Wisconsin, July 21 , and the battle of Bad Axe, August 2, 1832, winning both battles, which terminated the war. He had achieved these victories against not only the wishes, but machinations, of the officers of the regular army. On his return from the scene of conflict, the citizens of Springfield gave him a public reception in recognition of his services; but owing to his extreme sensitiveness in presence of the ladies, he never entered the apartment presided over by them. The exposures and hardships of the campaign brought on disease of the lungs, and he went South, hoping by spending the following winter in a warm climate to avert its effects; but it was too late. He died March 4, 1834, in New Orleans. Such was his singular modesty that those in whose hands he fell for the closing scenes of his life, did not know until after his death that he was General Henry, the hero of the Black Hawk war. Governor Ford, in his History of Illinois, speaks of General Henry as the idol of the people, and says: " If he had lived he would have been elected Governor of the State in 1834, by more than twenty thousand majority; and this would have been done against his own will, by the spontaneous action of the people."

Andrew McCormack, one of the celebrated "Long Nine" members of the legislature from Sangamon county, was born in Nashville, Tennessee, April 27, 1801. His father was born near Dublin, Ireland, and his mother (whose maiden name was McFarren,) came from the north of Ireland. They were Protestants, and left their native country during the rebellion of 1788, and were married in America. They moved with their family from Nashville, Tennessee, to Flemming county, Kentucky, and Mr. McCormack died there about 1815, leaving the family, consisting of the mother, four brothers and three sisters, to the care of Andrew. He managed to keep them together until they were able to take care of themselves. Being studiously inclined, he worked in the day and studied at night. He brought his mother and all the children to Sangamon county about 1829, settling on Fancy creek. Shortly after he went to work in the Gano - lena lead mines, and during some Indian troubles there, he was Captain of a company of volunteers. On his return he moved to Springfield, and was mai'ried July 27, 1834, on Sugar creek, to Ann S. Short.

Andrew McCormack was a stone-cutter and a brick-mason. He represented Sangamon county in the State Legislature, and was one of the "Long Nine." He was mayor of the city for 1843 and 1844, and was a man of great physical strength, standing six feet two and a half inches in height, and weighing two hundred and eighty pounds.

Robert L. Wilsox

Another of the " Long Nine" was Robert L. Wilson, who was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, September 11, 1805. His parents were Scotch-Irish, their ancestors having emigrated from Scotland and settled near the city of Belfast, soon after the conquest of Ireland by Oliver Cromwell, in the sixteenth century. In 1778 they sailed for America, settling in York county, Pennsylvania. In 1782, they moved to Washington county, Pennsylvania, on pack horses, as there had not then been any roads made across the Allegheny mountains. From Washington county, where the subject of our sketch was born, the family moved in 1810 to Zanesville, Ohio, where his father died in 1821, and Robert L., then sixteen years of age, determined to educate himself. He first qualified himself for teaching a country school, and taught until he laid up some money, with which he entered Franklin College, Ohio. He sustained himself during his college course in the same way, and graduated in four years. In the fall of 1831 he went to Kentucky, where he taught an academy arid studied law. He was married March 28, 1833, in Sharpsburg, Bath county, Kentucky, to Eliza J. Kincaid, and admitted to the bar as an attorney at law. They soon after moved to Sangamon county, Illinois, arriving in the fall of 1833, at Athens. That not now being a part of Sangamon county, he would not properly be included as an early settler of this county, but his having been one of the " Long Nine " is sufficient reason for including his sketch here. Mr. Wilson was elected in August, 1836, as one of the seven Representatives of Sangamon county, who, with the two Senators, made up what was known as the "Long Nine" who served in the legislature of 1836, '37, and secured the removal of the capital of Illinois from Yandalia to Springfield. He moved with his familv from San-

Soon after Mr. Wilson moved to Sterling, he was appointed clerk of the Circuit Court, to which office he was elected five times, serving continuously until December 1, 1860. Eight years of that time he served as Probate Judge. He was in W^ashington, D. C, when Fort Sumter fell, and enlisted as a private in a battalion commanded by Cassius M. Clay, and cailed the Clay Guard. It numbered four hundred, mostly non-residents, and acted as night police, guarding the city at the most critical time in its history. As soon as the New Yoi*k Seventh Regiment reached Washington, the Clay Guard was relieved and mustered out. Mr. Wilson returned to Sterling, Illinois, and assisted in raising Company A, Thirty-fourth Illinois Infantry, and was elected Captain, but declined in favor of the First Lieutenant. He started for W^ashington on the fourth of July, and called on President Lincoln on the seventh to tender his services in any capacity where he could be useful. Mr. Lincoln said he had made out a list of his old friends before leaving Springfield, that he might appoint them to office, and said, "I have appointed all down to your name. Now, what do you wish?" Mr. Wilson said he thought he could discharge the duties of quartermastei*. Mr. Lincoln said, "I can do better than that for you," and made him paymaster. His appointment was made out on the sixth, and he was confirmed by the Senate, August 7, 1861. He was placed on duty at Washington City, and was soon afterward ordered to St. Louis. In the two succeeding years he paid out nearly four million dollars, principally in the West and South. After the fall of Vicksburg he was ordered to Springfield, Illinois, and promoted to the rank of Colonel for meritorous services. He was mustered out November 15, 1865. During his four years and four months service he received and disbursed about seven million dollars, to near one hundred thousand soldiers, without a shadow of suspicion against his character.

On the 10th of May, 1875, he started alone on a trip of observation and sight-seeing in Europe, He left New York on the steamer Rhein, one of the Bremen line. He arrived at Southampton May 20lh, and in London the same day, where he spent one week visiting objects of interest. From London to Dover, crossing the Straits to Calais, France, thence by way of Bolougne and Amiens to Paris, with its three millions of inhabilants. He spent three weeks in Paris, sight-seeing and gleaning knowledge from every source. From Paris he went by way of Footainblue up the river Seine, through Mount Cenis tunnel to Turin, Italy, and through Genoa, Pisa, Leghorn and other Italian cities to Rome, where he spent two weeks visiting objects of historic interest. From Rome he went south to Naples, passed Appi F'orum and the three taverns. He visited Mount Vesuvius, and looked into its crater of boiling lava. Spent one day each at Pompeii and Herculaneum, and returning to Rome, went to Florence, where he spent a few days. Crossed the Appenines to Venice, the city built two miles from the shore, in the Adriatic sea. Ascended the river Po, through Lombardy, and the city of Verona, to Milan, Crossed the Alps by way of the Simplon Pass, reaching an altitude of twelve thousand feet above the sea. Descended the river Rhone and Lake Geneva to the city of Geneva and Berne, the capital of -Switzerland. From there he returned to Paris, thence to London, where be spent two weeks more. Visited other parts of England, thence to Edinburg, Stirling and many points of interest in Scotland. Went through Ireland and Whales, thence to Liverpool. Sailed on the steamer Baltic to New York and home. He was four months out, at a total cost of seven hundred and fifty dollars.

William F. Elktn

William F. Elkin was born April 13, 1792, in Clarke county, Kentucky. In 1811 he moved to Xenia, Ohio, and was there married to Elizabeth Constant. In 1820, the family moved to Brownsville, Indiana, and then to Sangamon county, in 1825. In 1828, Mr. Elkin was elected a member of the legislature, and served one term. In 1831, he raised a company and was Captain of it in the Black Hawk War of that year. He was again elected to represent the county in the legislature in 1836 and in 1838, and was, consequently, a member of the legislature that enacted the law for the removal of the capital from Vandalia to Springfield, and therefore one of the "Long Nine" from Sangamon county. His last labors in the legislature was at its first meeting in Springfield in called session, December 9, 1839. In 1840 and 1842 he was elected sheriff of Sangamon county. He was appointed Register of the United States Land Office at Springfield, in September, 1861, by his old "Long Nine" colleague, Abraham Lincoln. In 1867 he moved to Decatur, but held the office in Springfield until 1872, when he resigned,

John Calhoun

Though not a citizen of Sangamon county at the time of his death, John Calhoun lived so long hex'e, and was so well and favorably known that a sketch of him is not out of place in this connection.

John Calhoun was born October 14, 1808, in Boston, Massachusetts, and in 1821 accompanied his father to the Mohawk Valley, in New York. After finishing his studies at the Canajoharie Academy, he studied law at Fort Plain, both in Montgomery county. In 1830 he came to Springfield, Illinois, and resumed the study of law, sustaining himself by teaching a select school. He took part in the Black Hawk war of 1831-2, and after its close, was appointed by the Governor of the State, Surveyor of Sangamon county. He induced Abraham Lincoln to study surveying, in order to become his deputy. From that time the chain of friendship between them continued bright to the end of their lives, although they were ardent partizans of different schools of politics.

John Calhoun entered the political field in 1835, being the Democratic candidate that year for the State Senate of Illinois, but there being a large Whig majority in the county, he was defeated by Archer G. Herndon. In 1838 he was elected to represent Sangamon county in the State legislature. In 1841 he, with John Duff, completed the railroad from Jacksonville to Springfield, being the first to reach the State Capital. In 1842 he was appointed Clerk of the Circuit Court of Sangamon county, by Judge Treat. In 1844 he was one of the Presidential Electors of Illinois for President Polk. In 1849- '50-'51, he was successively elected mayor of Springfield. In 1852 he was one of the Presidential Electors of Illinois for President Pierce, and was selected by his colleagues to cany the vote to Washington City. In 1854 he was appointed, by President Pierce, Surveyor General of Kansas and Nebraska, and moved his family to Kansas.

Here he entered a political field with new and exciting sectional elements. He was elected a delegate to the convention that framed what has passed into history at the Lecompton Constitution. He became the President of that body, which was composed of unscrupulous pro-slavery adventurers, with a small number of conservative members, among whom was the President. That odious instrument would have been adopted by the convention without submitting it to a vote of the people, had it not been for the determined opposition of President Calhoun, who threatened to resign, and opposed it by every method in his power, unless it was submitted; and when it came to the polls he voted against adopting the pro-slavery clause. That instrument provided that the President of the convention should count the vote and report the result.

Soon after this duty was discharged he started for Washington City, leaving all the returns and papers relating to the election with one, L. A. McLane, Chief Clerk of the Surveyor General's office. He has been described as "A brilliant clerk, but vain, vacillating and ambitious of doing smart things, and economical of the truth generally." The instructions given to him by General Calhoun before starting east, was to afford every facility to any body of respectable men to examine the returns, as evidences of dissatisfaction were already apparent, and the conviction soon became general that a stupendous fraud had been committed against the ballot. Soon the excitement became intense, endangering the lives of some of the conspicuous actors, and McLane became alarmed. General Thomas L. Ewing, Jr. and Judge Smith called upon him, with a letter from Mr. Calhoun, instructing the clerk to let those gentlemen examine the returns. Mr. McLane falsely stated to Messrs. Ewing and Smith that the returns were not in his possession; that General Calhoun had taken them with him when he left for Washington. A few evenings later, McLane attended a ball at Lawrence, where he was plied with good cheer, attentions and flattery, so grateful to his appetite and vanity, and after becoming mellow by the occasion, a Lawrence belle, acting the part of Delilah, drew from him the secret of the coveted papers. The next day he was called upon by a committee of the Territorial Legislature, who demanded the returns, when he again denied having them in his possession. He was then summoned before a committee of the legislature, and there stated under oath that General Calhoun had taken the returns with him. The cross-questions revealed to him the fact that the Lawrence belle had betrayed him. Realizing his position, he returned that night to Lecompton, and with a few cronies, put the returns in a candle box and buried it under a wood pile. A porter in the Surveyor-General's office, by the name of Charles Torrey who had for a long time acted as a spy for the enemies of General Calhoun, watched the operation, and gave the information. A company of men from Lawrence soon after unearthed the box and bore away the prize.

with a mob in close pursuit. Thus the odium of the dastardly acts of this man were unjustly visited upon General Calhoun. Unqialified abuse and misrepresentations were heaped upon him, and spread broadcast over the country by the press. That broke down his spirits, and he soon after left the Territory, went to St. Joseph, Missouri, and died there. He deserved a better fate. He was a man of genial, hopeful, generous temperament; ever ready to serve or defend a friend, but rarely defending himself, except on the spur of the moment; of great ability, and for a time was the best political orator in the State of Illinois. He was brilliant, but deficient in practical application. President Lincoln has been heard to say that John Calhoun was the strongest man he had ever met on the stump; that he could manage Douglas, but that Calhoun always gave him his hands full.

As a laAvyer, Mr. Calhoun was always regarded by his brother attorneys as one of the most talented of the many bright legal lights of the Sangamon County Bar. Mr. Calhoun died October 25, 1859, at St. Joseph, Missouri.

Gknkkal E. B. Harlan

Emory B. Harlan was born at West Union, Ohio, on the 16th day of December, 1839. His father, Enoch Harlan, was a member of the Society of Friends, hence his early education was in that rigorous school. He graduated at an Ohio- college, and removed with his father's family to Marion county, in the State of Illinois.

At ihe outbreak of the war he was residing in Salem, Illinois, and being of an ardent temperament and patriotic, in August 1861 he answered the call of his country. He enlisted in the 49t,h Infantry, and won renown and successive promotions. Appointed Second Lieutenant of Company D., 49th Illinois Infantry, December 30, 1861; in the succeeding February he was promoted to the First Lieutenancy of that company. On June IV, 1863 he was detailed by order of General Grant as Acting Assistant Adjutant General, Fourth Brigade, First Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, and reported for duty to Brigadier General Hugh Ewing, at Louisville, Kentucky. In February, 1865, when Major- General John M, Palmer took command of the Department of Kentucky, Captain Harlan was made Adjutant-General of the department, with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. May 22, 1866 he received the brevet rank of Major, a week later the brevet rank of Lieutenant Colonel, and on August 28, 1866, he was brevetted Brigadier General of Volunteers. All his advancements having been in recognition of his meritorious and faithful services. At the close of the war he was tendered a commission in the regular army, but declined it, took up his residence with his father, then at Decatur, and commenced the practice of law. On the 4th of July, 1864, he married, at Salem, Illinois, Miss Mary A. Crandwell, who survives him. In 1869, Governor Palmer remembering his faithful services during the war, called General Harlan to the position of Private Secretary, and he remained so during Governor Palmer's term of office. Conceiving a taste for literary work, he largely abandoned the law to enter the newspaper field, and became Springfield correspondent to the Chicago Tribune and the Evening Journal, of that city. In this enlarged field of usefulness he labored with zeal and faithfulness. He became associated with the Journal as its legislative reporter and in his connection with the press generally, developed a marked degree of ability, attaining recognition and eminence among the resident members of the fraternity as an indefatigable worker, alive to the duties of correspondent, and especially as a gatherer of news. In personal and social relations he was one whom to know was to honor and admire, and those with whom his profession called him to intimate association cherished for him the strongest feelings of personal regard.

In the varied relations of life he was re spected, as a citizen honest and upright; a gen, tleman whose influence was most happy. His domestic life was one of unalloyed happiness and his thoughtfulness and consideration of his family often found expression, during the last few days of his life, to those who waited by his bedside ministering to his wants with watchful eyes and willing hands, in the vain hope of postponing the fatal hour.

L-'In the inner home circle, where his warm impulses, his generous feelings, his purity of life, the attributes of a loving husband and father, were best known and appreciated, his death is a bereavement indeed. Cut down in the midst of a career of usefulness, in the prime of life, he leaves to mourn his irreparable loss a devoted wife and four children. S-

General Harlan died in Springfield, November 20, 18'75, Resolutions of respect were passed by representatives of the press, the Knight Templars and other organizations. Rev, James A. Reed delivered the discourse at his funeral, and he was buried by the Knight Templars.

General I. N. Haynie

emigrated with his parents to Illinois in 1830, settling in Marion county, where both his parents still reside. He began the study of law in June, 1844, and was licensed to practice in March, 1846.

In 1847, when volunteers were called out for the Mexican war, he volunteered, and was commissioned by Governor French as First Lieutenant of Company C, Sixth Illinois, commanded by Colonel E. W. B. Newby. He was mustered in at Alton, in May. 1847, and served till the close of the war, in 1848, being mustered out October 12. He then resumed the practice of law at Salem, and in 1850 was elected a member of the Illinois Legislature, served during the sessions of 1851, 'o2. In 1852, he graduated at the Louisville University, with the highest honors of the law class, and thereupon resumed the practice of law, until 1856, when he was appointed Judge of the Court of Common Pleas at Cairo, and removed his residence thither.

In 1860, he was nominated on the Douglas ticket for Presidential Elector from the old Ninth District, and vigorously canvassed his district for Douglas and Democracy.

He retired from the bench in 1861, and soon after the bombardment of Fort Sumter, declared in favor of administration of Mr. Lincoln, and warmly supported him to the day of Mr. Lincoln's death.

In the fall of 1861, he raised and organized the Forty-eighth Illinois Infantry, and in September, 1861, was commissioned by Governor Yates as its colonel.

In November he reported with his regiment to General Grant, at Cairo, and accompanied the army into Tennessee. He was at the taking of Fort Henry, and in the first assault upon Fort Donelson, February 13, 1862, commanded a brigade. On the 15th, his regiment formed a part of the brigade of the lamented W. H. L. Wallace, and remained on the field until ordered to withdraw.

At the battle of Shiloh he was severely wounded while at the head of his regiment, but resumed command on the twenty-third of May following, and took jjart in the investment of Corinth.

In the summer of 1862, he ran as the war candidate for Congress, in the Ninth District, and was defeated by only seven hundred votes - the former Democratic majorities in the District being one thousand three hundred, or more.

During the balance of the summer of 1862 he was in command of a brigade and the post of Bethel, Tennessee, near Corinth. lie was appointed Brigadier General, by Mr. Lincoln, in November, 1862, and served until March 4, 1863, when the failure of the Senate to act on the appointment, made the same expire by limitation. He resumed the practice of law until December, 1864, and in the following month was appointed, by Governor Oglesby, Adjutant General of the State.

General Haynie was entirely a self-made man. Until twenty years of age he was reared to hard labor on a farm, and thereafter prosecuted his studies and profession with no other aid than the means which he had himself earned. He was a successful man, as is testified by a handsome private fortune, and by an honored name as a citizen, a lawyer and a soldier.

General Haynie died at Springfield in 1868, and his body was laid away to rest by the members of St. Paul's Lodge, No. 500, A. F. and A. M., of which body he was a member.

Thomas H. Campbell

Thomas H. Campbell was a native of Pennsylvania, and is of Irish descent, his father, William Campbell, being born in the northern part of Ireland, and emigrating to America the beginning of the present century. Thomas H. was born May 21, 1815. In his youth, he emigrated to Illinois, and settled in Randolph coxinty, and subsequently moved to Perry county, in the same State. Mr. Campbell was united in marriage with Catherine E. McDougall, in Jacksonville, Illinois, October 25, 1845. Four children were born unto them - Jeannette H., Thomas H., James W., and Treat. The daughter died. Thomas H. Campbell died in Springfield, Saturday, November 22, 1862, and was buried on Monday following, from St. Paul's Episcopal Church, of which he had long been a member.

For many years, Mr. Campbell had been afflicted with an asthmatic affection, and during the year previous to his death he suffered greatly from it. He had for some time been in Washington, where he was engaged in business for the State, but was compelled to return home, on account of his illness.

He continued in that position under General Ewing, upon whose death Mr. Campbell was appointed Auditor, by Governor Ford. The succeeding legislature, in 1846, elected Mr. Campbell to the office, and in 1848, when it was made elective by the people, he was again chosen, and again in 1852, holding the position until January, 1857, eleven years, during which period of official duty he won the contidence, respect, and esteem of the people of the entire State, for his unbending integrity of character, and the marked ability with which he performed his public duties. Indeed, he obtained a commanding reputation, through his official intercourse with the authorities of other States, throughout the country, for his administrative talent in the particular line of official duty which, for so long a time, devolved upon him. His name was a synonym for promptness, systematic exactness, and unbending integrity of purpose.

What Azariah Flagg has ever been in New York, Thomas Campbell has been in Illinois. Because of these qualifications he was selected by the present State authorities to adjust, with the General Government, the vast and complicated accounts of the State, growing out of the Illinois war expenditures; and for nearly a year past he has been engaged in the service, but was compelled to leave it and return home, because of his increasing ill health. To him more than to all others, is due the credit of getting our State accounts with the government into their present favorable condition. In his social relations Mr. Campbell possessed the esteem of all.

Though an earnest, consistent, radical Democrat, his genial nature, his courteous deportment and his acknowledged integrity, ever stood a bar to acrimonious relations with political opponents, in public or private station. The good man and true, the breath of aspersion never lell on him. All acknowledged his public and private worth, all esteemed him for his many virtues, and all mourn his demise as a heavy loss to society.

Erastus Wright

Erastus Wright was born January 21, 17*79, at Bernardstown, Massachusetts. The family is a very ancient one for New England. Erastus left a histoi-y of the family, which lie always kept written up, giving the genealogy of the family for nearly two and a half centuries, beginning with Deacon Samuel Wright, w^ho came from England and settled at Springfield Massachusetts, in 1641.

The parents of Erastus Wright left Bernardstown, Massachusetts, and went to Derby, Vermont, in 1802, that being at the time pioneer ground. Erastus remained with his father on the farm, with no other advantages for education than the country schools afforded, until the spring of 1821, when he started West, in company with his brother, Charles. They traveled by such means as the country afforded before the days of canals and railroads, until they reached Buffalo, New York. There they embarked on a schooner for Fort Dearborn, now Chicago, Illinois. From Fort Dearborn they started on foot, making a preliminary survey of the route now occupied by the Illinois and Michigan canal, touching the Illinois river near where LaSalle now stands. They then descended the Illinois river to Fort Clark, now Peoria, and from there to Elkhart Grove, where Judge Latham resided. On their way south they stopped on Fancy creek, in what is now Sangamon county, at the house of John Dixon, who was one of the earliest settlers in this county, but who afterw^ards went north and laid out the town, now city, of Dixon, on Rock river. From there they came to Springfield, arriving November 21, 1821. It had been selected as the county seat on the 10th of April before, but there had not been any town laid out. A log court house had just been completed. Mr. Wright describes the town, as it first appeared to him, in these words :

"Elijah lies had about five hundred dollars worth of goods in a log cabin, ten by fourteen; Charles R. Matheny and Jonathan Kelley lived in log cabins not a quarter of a mile distant. The Indians - Kickapoos and Potawatamies - often came along in squads, and when others had built cabins near, called the place 'log town.' "

Mr. Wright went with Judge Latham from Springfield to Elkhart Grove and taught school there during the winter of 1821-2. He bought a claim of Levi Ellis and entered it as soon as it came into the market in 1823. From notes on the fly-leaf of a New Testament, in the handwriting of Mr. Wright, he says: "I built the first frame house in what is now the city of Springfield."

In 1824, he built a park, and traded eighty acres of land in Schuyler county for an elk. Old citizens remember that Mr. Wright rode that elk, and drove it in harness, the same as a horse, though he says in a note that he was rough to ride, and not very kind in the harness. Mr. Wright spent three or four years in the lead mining region of Illinois and Wisconsin, and while there laid out the town of Mineral Point, Wisconsin, using a bed cord for his chain. He was married June 15, 1831, in Fulton county, to Jane Gardner, whose parents were from Saratoga, New York. Mr. and Mrs. Wright had three children,

Erastus Wright was one of the earliest teachers in Sangamon county, and taught for many years. For tenyears he filled the office of School Commissioner of Sangamon county. During that time a large amount of money, derived from the sale of government land for school purposes, passed through his hands. He was one of the earliest Abolitionists, and was always fearless in advocating its doctrines. He acquired considerable wealth, and was liberal towards all benevolent objects, and every public enterprise was sure to elicit his co-operation.

John G. Bergen was born November 27, 1790, at Hightstown, Middlesex county, New Jersey. His parents were George I. and Rebecca (Combs) Bergen, the former a descendant of the Bergen family of Norway, and the latter of the Combs family of Scotland.

Dr. Bergen's education began at Cranberry, in the parochial academy, under the Rev. Mr. Campbell. A few years later, when his father, under the pressure of business perplexities, removed to Somerset county, he attended the academy at Baskin Ridge, presided over by Dr. Finley, in which the Rev. Philip Lindsley, afterwards President of the University of Nashville, was tutor. Dr. Finley was the father of the colonization movement, a scheme kindly meant, but impossible of execution, as the event has shown, to which, nevertheless. Dr. Bergen gave his life-long adherence; so deep were the impressions made upon his mind in his youth. Mr. Lindsley first awakened in him a taste for reading, by putting in his hands the Arabain Nights, then Don Quixote, then Gil Bias; and afterward more solid books - Ramsey's American Revolution, Marshall's Life of Washington, Gillie's History of Greece, Anicharses' Travels, Ferguson's Roman Republic, Rollin's History, Plutarch's Lives, Gibbon's Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Robertson's Charles V., Mexico, and South America, and other works of similar character.

In March, 1810, Mr. Bergen was appointed tutor in Princeton College, an honor which he declined at first, but was subsequently induced to accept.

In 1811, he was licensed to preach by the Presbytery of New Brunswick. In September, 1812, he resigned his tutorship to enter upon the duties of the sacred calling. On the following

Saturday, with a letter of introduction in his pocket, he set out for Madison, New Jersey, then called Bottle Hill, forty miles from Princeton, and twenty miles west of New York City. The deacon to whom his letter was addressed made his appearance unshaved, in shirt sleeves and bare feet, but treated him kindly. Mr. Bergen preached on Sunday; a congregational meeting was called for Monday; on Tuesday one of the elders came to Princeton, and after making such inquiries as he saw fit, an official letter was placed in Mr. Bergen's hands on Wednesday, informing him that it was the unanimous desire of the congregation that he should consider himself a candidate for settlement. He returned to Madison, spent two Sabbaths and the intervening week there, was called to the pastorate, and on the first Monday in December the Presbytery of Jersey met at Morristown, four miles from Madison, to examine him for ordination. After a most thorough examination, he was ordained. Here he remained for about sixteen years, and in that time accomplished a vast amount of good.

In consequence of some trouble in the church, of which he was in no sense responsible, and also from the fact that many of his relatives had moved West, Mr. Bergen resolved to follow them. He therefore asked the Presbytery to dissolve his pastoral relations with the congregation, which was accordingly done Sej)tember 10, 1828.

On Monday, September 22, in the presence of an assembled multitude, many of whom followed him for ten miles, before they could say farewell, he took his departure for Illinois. The journey occupied forty days. He made a short stop at Rock Springs, St. Clair county, where his mother resided, and where he found Rev. John M. Peck teaching in his seminary. The seminary building, as Mr. Bergen saw it, was a small, frame building, covered with clap-boards, unfurnished, and served for a school, a church and a seminary, vv^hence preachers of the gospel were to emanate. In this house he preached twice, the Sabbath after his arrival, using notes, which led to a long and friendly discussion, in which Mr. Peck told him that "everybody in the West shoots flying." At Rock Spring he found a letter from Rev. Mr. Ellis, urging him not to delay around St. Louis, but to come immediately north to Sangamon. On Monday, Mr. Bergen and his family called on Governor Edwards, at Belleville, and found the household in mourning for his son-in-law, Hon. Daniel P. Cook, the first Attorney General of the State of Illinois, and afterward its only member in the National Con- gress. Mr. Bergen preached that night in Belleville, at a private house. On Tuesday, he drove into St. Louis, a dirty, dilapidated old French town, of bad repute, with a population of seventeen hundred inhabitants. By Saturday night, he reached Jacksonville, where half a dozen log houses and a log school house constituted the entire village. There he found Mr. Ellis expecting him, and received a hearty welcome. "When I received your letter," he said, "it was the first ray of light which dawned on me for the two years I have been laboring almost alone in this region of moral desolation. Come in, my brother, you and yours, and God bless you, and make you a blessing."

This Mr. Ellis was one of seven Presbyterian ministers, five of whom were in the southern portion of the State, who with Mr. Bergen were organized into a Presbytery the following spring. He originally preached in Kaskaskia, but removed to Jacksonville in the spring of 1828. Subsequently he removed to Michigan, where he died, in 1855.

On Monday, Mr. Bergen parted with his family, they to accompany his parents home, twelve miles north of Jersey Prairie; he, to Springfield, where he was hospitably received by Major lies, then recently married, and one of the four original proprietors of the town, of whom he is the only survivor. The town, when Mr. Bergen came to it, numbered about two hundred inhabitants, and thirty-five log houses, with a few frame dwellings, not more than four or five, painted in front only. The school house was a small frame building, with broken door, broken windows, broken benches - a high seat in one end - a floor almost as dirty as a pig-sty - the whole elevated on blocks as if to give free room for the hogs to root under the floor - standing on the east side of the square. A Presbyterian church had previously been organized here. Dr. Jayne helped him to get one of the six frame houses in which to live.

Two weeks later, after a fit of sickness at Jersey Prairie, followed by the sickness, first of one of his children and then of his wife, he took up his abode in his new home. His cousin visited him in December, and on opening the door, lifted up both hands, exclaiming, " Why, my cousin ! " as he saw boxes in the room where the family lived and slept and cooked, filled up with harness, and two great dressed hogs which had been bought and given them, lying on another box, with their mouths wide open, with a great cob in them. Said Mr. Bergen in his

Mr. Bergen called on every family in the town, whether members of any church or not. he announced from the pulpit that he had come to live, labor and die among his people. On the second Sabbath in December, notices having previously been given through the county, he administered the communion; and at the close of the service, announced that he had come with his family to seek a home here - not to make an experiment, but to plant with their planting and to grow with their growth. He thought they ought to do one thing without delay. " Let us rise up and build a house for God!" He invited all who were disposed to do so, to meet the next evening in the school house, to deliberate and conclude upon it. The meeting was held, and a building committee was appointed, consisting of John Todd, Gershom Jayne, Washington lies, David Taylor, John Moffitt, Samuel Reed and Elijah Slater. In a few days over six hundred dollars was subscribed - a more liberal act for the times than a hundred thousand dollars would be to-day. Mr. Bergen wrote to the Secretary of Mission; his appeal was published in the Home Missionary, and he received two hundred dollars as the response. He and Dr. Jayne then " scoured the town," secured a subscription of twelve hundi-ed dollars in all, and it was decided to build of brick. Thomas Brooker, a brick-maker and stone-mason M^assent for from Belleville, to do the work.

The church was completed in due time, and here Mr. Bergen labored for many years, the pastoral relation continuing till 1 848, when he resigned. With his resignation his actiA^e life ceased. From this time he devoted himself to writing for the press and to missionary effort among feeble churches, here and there. During the twenty years of his life in Illinois, up to this time, about five hundred members had been received into the church in Springfield, and six churches organized in the county. He had expended during his ministry here more than four thousand dollars of his private property. Many wondered whether he would not live to regret his resignation; but he never did.

During the closing years of his life, he organized a number of additional churches. Several times he was chosen commissioner to the General Assembly, where, in 1861, the year of the war, he voted for what are known as the Spring resolutions. In 1854, the degree of doctor of divinity was conferred upon him by Centre College, at Danville, Kentucky. He was for many years a director of the Theological Seminary of the Northwest, at Chicago. He took an active part in the reunion movement in the church, and attended the tirst preliminary meeting of the two branches held in the State of Illinois, at the second Presbyterian church, Bloomington, Illinois, in April, 1865. He was again made moderator of the re-united Synod of Central Illinois, in July, 1870, at its first meeting in the First Presbyterian Church, Bloomington.

Orlin H. Miner

Orlin H. Miner was born in the State of Vermont, May 1.1, 1825, where he resided with his parents until 1834 when they removed to Ohio. He came to Chicago in 1851, and worked there at his tra^le of watch-making for a short time, when he i amoved to this city, and was employed by Mr. George W. Chatterton, Sr. In the spring of 184') he went to Costa Rica, Central America, and was with General William Walker at Graytown. After the capture of Graytown, he returned to the United States, stopping a short time in New Orleans, and then returning to this city, and again working for Mr. Chatterton, and afterward for Ives & Curran, at watch-making. In is>7, when Jesse K. Dubois was installed as Auditor he entered the office as clerk, which position he retained until 1864, when he was nominated on the Republican ticket, for Auditor and elected, and served until 1868. During his connection with the office as clerk, he had almost the entire responsibility of the office, and after his election gave his personal attention to every detail of the work. During the rebellion Mr. Miner was one of Gov. Yates' most trusted advisers.

After his retirement from the Auditor's office, Mr. Miner devoted his attention to his personal business, and was noted for the active interest he took in all public enterprises calculated to build up the interests of the city. He was one of the first to assist in the organization of the Springfield Iron Company, and continued a Director to the time of his death.

Mr. Miner was a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity. He was elected Secretary of the Grand Lodge of Masons in October, 1868, and was re-elected each successive year until 1873, -vhen he declined a re-election. In 1877 he was appointed Grand Treasurer, to fill a vacancy, was elected to that position in 1878, and again in 1879, and at the time of his death held that position, also that of Grand Treasurer of GO - the Grand Royal Arch Chapter. He was also a prominent member of the Scottish Rite of Masonry, being, with Gen. J. C. Smith, the only thirty-three degree member in this part of the State.

As already stated above, Mr. Miner ever took an active interest in all public affairs, and was known and esteemed as an enterprising citizen. He was one of the most earnest promoters of the Board of Trade, and was elected Secretary at the first meeting, and so long as his health permitted, devoted much of his time to the work of getting that body into running order. His business experience and sagacity was recognized by all, and his opinion on matters of finance was always sought and considered b)'^ his acquaintances.

Archer G. Herxdon

Archer G. Herndon, one of the celebrated "Long Nine" members of the legislature from 1836 to 1838, was born in Culpepper county, Virginia, February 13, 1795. When about ten years of age, in company with his parents, he removed to Green county, Kentucky, where his youth and early manhood was spent, and where, in 1816, he was united in marriage with Mrs. Rebecca Johnson, whose maiden name was Day. Four children were born unto them - William H., Elliott B., Archer G., and Nathaniel F., of whom the latter died when about seven years old. The others grew to manhood, sketches of whom will te found elsewhere in this work.

Mr. and Mrs. Herndon moved from Kentucky to Illinois, in the spring of 1820, and remained one year in Madison county, and in the spring of 1 821, arrived in Sangamon county, settling on what is now known as German Prairie, about five miles east of Springfield. Here they remained until their removal to Springfield, in 1825.

From 1825 to 1836 Mr. Herndon was engaged in the mercantile trade in Springfield, in which business he was quite successful. Within that time he erected a tavern in the place and tended to the wants of the traveling public.

Archer G. Herndon was a Democrat of the old school, and lived and died in the faith of that party. An Abolitionist, in his eyes, was a man not to be trusted in any capacity.

Mr. Herndon was elected a member of the House of Representatives of the General Assembly of the State in 1834, and served two years. In 1836 he was elected a State Senator, and re- elected in 183S and 1840, serving six years in all. In the legislature he was an active and influential member, and served with credit to himself and his constituents. In the contest on the removal of the capital from Vandalia to Springfield he was one of the most active of the nine. In 1842 he was appointed Receiver of Public Moneys in the Land Office at Springfield, and served until 1849, discharging the duties in a faithful and satisfactory manner.

When Mr. Herndon arrived in Sangamon county he was almost if not quite penniless, but by industry, fortunate investments, and economy, he accumulated a handsome fortune.

William Butler

One of the most noted of the local politicians of Sangamon county, if not of the State, was William Butler, who was born December 15, 1797, in Adair county, Kentucky. During the war of 1812, he was selected to carry important dispatches from the Governor of Kentucky to General Harrison, in the field. He traveled on horseback, and made the trip successfully, although he was but fifteen years of age. When a young man, he was employed in the ironworks of Tennessee, and after that was deputy of the Circuit Clerk for Adair county, Kentucky. While thus engaged, he made the acquaintance of a young lawyer, afterward the venerable Judge Stephen T. Logan, of this city. The friendship thus formed continued through life. Mr. Butler spent a portion of his time afe clerk on a steamboat. In 1828, he came to Sangamon county, and purchased a farm in Island Grove. On that farm his father, Elkanah Butler, lived and died. William Butler came to Springfield, and was soon after appointed Clerk of the Circuit Court, by his early friend, Judge Logan, March 19, 1836, and resigned March 22, 1841. He was appointed, by Governor Bissell, State Treasurer, August 29, 1859, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of State Treasurer Miller. He was elected to the same office in 1800, for two years. William Butler and Elizabeth Rickard were married December 18, 1832. They had three children - Salome E., Speed, and Henry Wirt.

As stated, Mr. Butler was a noted local politician, and it is said of him that he could come nearer predicting the result of an election, in either county. State, or Nation, than any man residing here.

compactly built; light and wary in his step; active in his movements; and of great strength and power of endurance for one of his weight. He had a high and ample forehead, a thoughtful and serene brow, a bright searching eye, a mouth of inflexible decision, a serious face, and general aspect of features which marked him as a man of purpose and resolution. His fine presence and his whole manner in business and social intercourse showed the individuality of his character, which, with his habitual self-respect and self-possession at all times, whether in the ordinary walk of life or in great emergencies, made him a noted man. He was endowed with great mental and physical courage; prompt in forming, and resolute in carrying out any purpose or plan of action on which he had decided. He never sought to be conspicuous - hated shams and despised hypocracy. He never pretended to be what he was not; not at all credulous, but rather inclined to be distrustful of human nature, yet when anyone had once gained his respect and confidence, he was to them a true, faithful and steadfast fi'iend - to be ever relied on in the hour of peril or adversity.

From 1840 to 1870, during a period of thirty years, the most exciting and perilous years of the Nation, William Butler was one of the most active and influential men in the State of Illinois; a Whig up to the dissolution of that party, and then a Republican during the rest of his life. His advice was always sought and usually acted on by the leading public men of the State. Mr. Butler never sought office; the public positions which he held were tendered him without solicitation on his part. He much preferred to use his influence to decide who should and who should not be placed in office, and his potent aid was usually decisive of the result.

A more honest custodion of the public funds never held the position of State Treasurer. During the rebellion his official position gave him grand opportunities for serving his State and Nation. He, in connection with the Hon. Jesse K. Dubois and O. M. Hatch, formed the cabinet of Governor Richard Yates, who was pre-eminently the great War Governor of the Republic.

Mr. Butler, at a very early day, discerned the great possibilities which belonged to the chaiacter and abilities of Abraham Lincoln. When he was a poor and comparatively friendless young man, Mr. Butler gave him a home in his family, when he moved to Springfield to commence the practice of law. He remained a member of the household until the day of his marriage.

Mr. Butler, in conjunction with David Davis, O. H. Browning and Stephen T. Logan, was largely instrumental in placing Lincoln in nomination for the Presidency, at Chicago, in 1860.

Mr. Butler was so mixed up in the excitement and difficulties connected with the Shields and Lincoln challenge for a duel, that he received a challenge from General James Shields, which challenge was promptly accepted. The time, distance and weapons promised a fatal result to one or both parties. The affair was settled, and both men lived to render great service to their country.

Gershom Jayne, son of Jotham Jayne, was born in October, 1791, in Orange county. New York. He served as surgeon in the war of 1812, then engaged in the practice of his profession in Cayuga county, in his native State. He removed to Illinois in 1819, and settled in Sangamon county, where he continued to practice in Springfield for forty-seven years. When he commenced his vocation here, he was the first practitioner this far north in the State.

At that early day the practice of medicine was exceedingly laborious. Dr. Jayne was indefatigable. He often rode fifteen and twenty miles to see a patient, and some times as much as sixty miles, and that in all kinds of weather. Those who employed him could depend on his punctuality, notwithstanding the wide extent of his medical practice. He fulfilled his engagements at the hour appointed, day or night. His practical acumen was as marked as his fidelity. His judgment was rarely at fault. Always moderate in his charges, he was very benevolent to the poor. In politics, he belonged to the Whig party, and afterwards acted with the Republican party. He never sought office, but being appointed, without any solicitation on his part, by Governor Ninian Edwards, as one of the first Commissioners of the Illinois & Michigan canal, he accepted and acted in that capacity. As a Christian, he never united with any denomination ; his large head and broad views refused to subscribe to any sectarian creed. He was familiar with the Scriptures and an attentive listener to the preaching of the Gospel. He was the friend of the church and the school-honse, and cordially contributed of his means to the support of both.

he knew how to quote it readily ar.d with effect. The great aim and object of his life was in the line of his chosen profession, to that he gave the enthusiasm and energy of an acute mind and a sound body, - his practice was large and reasonably lucrative - his career was eminently succesful.

He was married to Sibyl Slater in 1822, whose father, Elijah Slater, had moved from Massachusetts. Of their six children born to them, four were reared to adult age. The oldest child, Julia Maria, married Senator Lyman Trumbull, the oldest son, Dr. William Jayne, adopted the profession of Medicine, as also Dr. Henry Jayne. Mary Ellen, the youngest daughter, resides in Springfield.

Reuben F. Ruth

Reuben F. Ruth, for some years President of the Marine Bank of Springfield, was born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, August 26, 1815. His parents were also natives of the Keystone State. He served an apprenticeship to the saddlery and harness trade in Lancaster City, and in the spring of 1838, in company with several other young men, started West. Landing in Beardstown, Illinois, in August of that year, with a small stock of saddlery material, he began business there, but in April, 18.S9, he came to Springfield, Sangamon county, and opened a small shop on Washington street. He subsequently removed to the south side of the square, and there carried on the manufacture of saddles and harness successfully until 1861, when he formed a partnership with C. R. Hurst, and as the firm of Hurst & Ruth, engaged in the sale of dry goods, continuing the manufactory also, until 1875. He then sold his interest to his partner and retii'ed from the firm. On May 5, 1868, Mr. Ruth w^as elected President of the Marine Bank of Springfield, and filled the position with credit and satisfaction till his death. August 11, 1841, he united in marriage with Maria W. Diller, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She was born in Lancaster county, of that State, July 20, 1817. Two sons were the fruit of their union - J. Diller Ruth, born June 14, 1842, and R. Francis Ruth, born May 8, 1856. In August, 1877, Mr. Ruth formed a partnership with the younger son, and embarked in the hardware business, the partnership continuing up to the time of his decease, and under the direct management of the junior partner.

sioner. He was a careful, prudent, but energetie business man, devoid of all ostentation and affectation, but possessed of that sterling manhood which commanded the respect and confidence of all with whom he came in contact. Ten years after settling in Springfield, he united with the Presbyterian Church, and remained a member the remainder of his life. He died after a brief illness, with dropsy of the heart, on the morning of September 28, 1881. Mrs. Maria W. D. Ruth died May 28, 1870, and the elder son, J. Diller Ruth, died in New Orleans, February 23, 1879. He married Anna Bacon, of Petersburg, Illinois, whom he left a widow with one daughter, Georgiana Ruth.

charj.es r. hurst, One of Springfield's prominent citizens and representative business men, was born in the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, September 20, 1811; came to Springfield iu March, 1834, and soon after entered the employ of Bell & Linsley, dry goods merchants, as clerk. Some years later he bought the dry goods store of Joshua F. Speed, and continued in the business as sole or joint proprietor until the fall of 1877. During his commercial career he was in partnership with E. D. Taylor for some years, and fifteen years with R. F. Ruth, in the firm of Hurst & Ruth. He finally closed out the business to R. F. Herndon & Co., and purchasing an interest in the West End coal mine, a mile and a half east of the city, and engaged in the business of mining and shipping coal. The first two years, Mr. Hurst was jointly interested with A. Starne, but in May, 1879, he bought his partner out and continued sole owner till his death, on June 15, 1881.

Soon after locating in Springfield, Mr. Hurst married Miss Ann, daughter of Colonel John Taylor. Seven children were born of their union, six of whom, three of each sex, survive, namely, Jennie E., Anna W., Georgia S., Charles H., Edward S , and Huizinga M. Mr. Hurst served eight consecutive years as city alderman, and was Chairman of the Finance committee during the whole time. He was also Water Works Commissioner three years, f He was methodical, prompt and reliable in business, possessed of unswerving integrity of character, cordial and modest in manners, and was closely identified with the prosperity and growth of Springfield. Since Mr. Hurst's decease the coal mining interest have been conducted by the widow and the three sons. From eighty to a hundred men are employed. The product of the mine is sold in the city and at points along the Ohio & Mississippi Railroad.

John Todd was born April 27, 1787, near Lexington, Fayette county, Kentucky. He was among the earliest graduates of Transylvania University at Lexington. He next entered the Medical University of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and graduated there. Dr. Todd was married July 1, 1813, in Lexington, Kentucky, to Elizabeth Smith, daughter of Rev. John Blair Smith, D. D. She was born April 18, 1793, in Philadelphia. Her mother was a daughter of General Nash, a leader in the American Revolution from Virginia. Dr. Todd. was appointed Surgeon General of the Kentucky troops in the war of 1812, and was at the battle and massacre of the river Raisin, in Canada, where he was captured. After the war he returned to Lexington and practiced there. He was for a short time at Bardstown, Kentucky, and from there, in 1817, moved to Edwardsville, Illinois. In 1827 he was appointed by President John Quincy Adams, Register of the United States Land Office, at Springfield, and at once moved there. He remained in oflSce until he was removed solely for political reasons, by President Jackson in 1829.

On his arrival in Springfield, and while discharging the duties of his office. Dr. Todd engaged in the practice of his profession. When he retired from office he devoted his whole time to practice, and obtained many patients throughout the county, and even in adjoining counties.

Dr. Todd was a man of fine physique, of robust constitution, and one suited to endure the hardships of a pioneer life, or practice among pioneers.

Dr. Todd was a liberal man in his dealings with his fellow-man. He was ever ready to do them a good turn, and his home was thrown open to all, and all received a hearty welcome.

In his later life he was an earnest and devoted Christian, and for some years was a ruling elder in the First Presbyterian Church in Springfield. He died January 9, 1865.

Jesse Kilgore Dubois was born in Lawrence county, Illinois, January 14, 1811. He was educated at Bloomington, Indiana, taking a classical course in the college at that place, but, having married, he left school a few months before the time that he would have graduated. He was elected a member of the legislature from Lawrence county, Illinois, before he was twenty-two years of age, and was several times re-elected to the same office from that county. He was also a justice of the peace there for several years. In

1841 he was appointed Commissioner of the Land OflBce in Palestine, and served four years, in that time, disposing of millions of acres of land. Soon after he was appointed Receiver of the Land Office at that place, and filled the position four years. In 1856, he was elected Auditor of State, and commenced the duties of that office in January, 185V. He was re-elected in 1860, and served until the expiration of his second term, in all four years. He declined a re-nomination in 1'864, and shortly after leaving the

Auditor's office, formed a business relation with Mr. Hawley, in the insurance business, which was continued for some time. After his removal to Springfield, he purchased a small farm adjoining the city, where he spent the remainder of his life. Mr. Dubois died in November, 1876.

Jesse K. Dubois was an honest, upright man, a firm believer in the principles of the Republican party, a Mason of high rank, and also an Odd Fellow.

Dark Deeds

'-Thou shall not kill," is a Divine precept. Its obligation is incumbent upon every one. Notwithstanding this, since the day that Cain slew his brother Abel, crime has been rife in the land. Laws are passed and heavy penalties are inflicted upon the guilty, yet crime does not cease to exist. Neither the terrors of this world or that which is to come deters the determined and wicked man from taking the life of a fellow-being. Sangamon county has, with every other county in the State, been the theater of bloodshed, and however distasteful the task may be, it is a part of the historian's duty to record the dark deeds that have been committed; not to pander to taste of a depraved people for the sensational, but as a warning alike to the pure, and those who have murder in their heart. The first case in which life was taken was that of the

Murder Of Mrs. Vannoy

On the morning of August 2*7, 1826, Nathaniel VanNoy, in a fit of drunken frenzy, killed his wife. He was arrested and lodged in jail the same night. The sheriff at once notified Judge Sawyer, who at once called a special session of the Circuit Court. A grand jury was empanneled and sworn, who found a true bill of indictment against him. The following named composed tbis jury: Gersham Jayne, foreman; Stephen Stillman, John Morris, John Stephenson, jr., James White, Thomas Morgan, James Stewart, Jacob Boyer, Robert White, John N. Moore, William Carpenter, Jesse M. Harrison, Robert Cownover, James Turley, Aaron Houton, John Young, John Lindsay, Charles Boyd, William O. Chilton, Job Burdan, Hugh Sportsman, Abram Lanterman. The bill of indictment was presented to the court, and a petit jury was then called, consisting of the folloAving named: Bowling Green, foreman; Samuel Lee, Jesse Armstrong, Levi W. Gordon, Thomas I. Parish,

The jury were sworn, and the trial commenced on the 28th. James Turney, Attorney General of the State, acted for the people, and the accused was defended by James Adams and Jonathan H. Pugh, both of Springfield. A verdict of guilty was rendered on the 29tb, and sentence pronounced the same day, that the condemned man be hungNovember 26, 1826. Thus in less than three days was the murder committed, the murderer tried and condemned to be hung. The sentence was can-ied out, at the time appointed, in the presence of almost the entire community. The execution took place about where the State House now stands. Many are yet living who witnessed the summary disposal of the first murderer in what was then Sangamon county.

Just before the execution VanNoy sent for Dr. Filleo and enquired of him if a man could be brought to life after he had been hung. The doctor replied that if the neck escaped dislocation, and that if the condemned person did not hang too long there was a possibility that by the galvanic battery, life could be restored. Van- Noy then told him that if he could be brought to life that he would be willing to pay a reasonable sum, but otherwise the doctor might have his body for dissection. The doctor told him to lean forward when the wagon was driven from under him, and that he consequently would have an easy fall. He followed the doctor's advice and his neck was not broken. The sheriff, however, fearing that he would come to life, kept him hanging nearly an hour, and when he was taken down his soul was too far in the land of the spirits to be called back. Dr. Filleo made the attempt notwithstanding, and when he applied the galvanic battery, the nerves of the dead man twitched spasmodically several times in quick succession. There was no life in thera

Killing Of Dr. Karly

On Wednesday, March 14, 1838, while Dr. Jacob M.Early was sitting in a room at Spottswood Hotel, Henry B. Truett entered and took a seat nearly opposite and fixed his eye upon the doctor, who did not seem to notice him. They remained in this situation until all the gentlemen present, ten or twelve in number, left the room, but one, when Truett, rising to his feet, addressed the doctor, asking him if he was the author of a resolution passed, at a convention in Peoria, disapproving of his (Truett's) nomination as Register of the Land OIHce at Galena, and adding that he was informed that he was. In reply the doctor asked Truett who was his informant, to which Truett replied that he was not at liberty to tell. Dr. Early then informed Truett that he declined to say whether he was or was not the author of the resolution. With an oath Truett pronounced the doctor a liar and scoundrel. To this the doctor replied that he wanted no difficulty with him and could not listen to his abuse. Truett repeated his remark and addedwith an oath, the epithets, coward and hypocrite. Dr. Early then arose from his seat and took up a chair. Truett immediately stepped to the opposite side of the room, passing around the doctor, and drawing a rifle pistol fired, then letting the pistol drop to the floor, he escaped from the house. The ball entered the left side of Dr. Early, passed through the lower part of the stomach and liver, and was taken out on the right side nearly opposite where it entered. The doctor survived the wound until Saturday night following, when he expired. Truett was arrested and had his trial at the October term following, the jury bringing in a verdict of "not guilty." The prisoner was therefore discharged.

Fatal Affray

Delos W. Brown, of Springfield, and John Glascock, of Menard county, got into a quarrel at the Springfield Coffee House, in Springfield, Monday evening, October 3, 1853. Both had been drinking quite freely. Glasscock threatened to whip Brown, at the same time shaking his fist in the latter's face. Brown retreated a little way, and as the proprietor attempted to interfeie, Glasscock cauglit him and pulled him into the room. In the confusion Gla«scock received three severe cuts with a knife in the hands of Brown, and fell to the floor and died within ten minutes. Brown was arrested, a preliminary hearing was held, and he was bound over to the Circuit Court on a charge of manslaughter, with bail fixed at two thousand dollars. He ran ott" and forfeited his bond. His property was sold to discharge his recognizance.

Murder Of George Andersok

On the night of May 15, 1856, George Anderson was found dead near his house with a wound upon the back of his head. There was intense excitement in regard to the case, it being thought by many that death was not-caused by the blow on the head, but by poison administered by his wife; therefore she was arrested, as was also Theodore Anderson, who was supposed to be implicated in the case. A preliminary examination was held a few days afterwards before Justices Adams and King, of Mrs. Anderson. She was prosecuted by A. McWilliams and ably defended by Antrim Campbell and B. S. Edwards. The speech of the latter in the case is said to have been an able one. The testimony at this examination was sufficient to convince the Justices that death was the result of a blow and not by poison, and Mrs. Anderson was. therefore acquitted. When the Circuit Court convened in .June following, Mrs. Anderson was indicted by the grand jury, and Theodore Anderson was likewise indicted. Subsequently both were tried and acquitted.

Murder At Meohanicsburg

In October, 1856, two Germans, giving their names as Rudolph and Henry, were engaged for several daj^s in cutting corn near that place. On Monday, October 20, they went to a drinking establishment, and remained there until Wednesday. On the morning of that day, they started out together on a hunt, and in a few hours after Rudolph returned to the house alone, saying that Henry had got tired, and stopped to rest. Rudolph then settled his bill, and left. On Saturday following, the body of Henry was found in the timber, half eaten up by the hogs. His head was badly smashed and broken in. A coroner's jury was summoned, and elicited the foregoing facts, and its verdict was that the deceased came to his death by injuries inflicted by some person unknown. It is stated he had considerable money upon his person, which, it is thought, prompted Rudolph to commit the murder.

Murder Of An Infant Child

Some time in March, 1856, an infant was discovered in the country, some distance from Springfield, near the roadside, dead, with a handkerchief tied over its mouth, showing the cause of death to be from smothering. Maria House was arrested for the crime, and after a full and patient hearing before Judge Rice, the jury brought in a verdict of "not guilty," and the prisoner was discharged.

Homicide In Chatham

On the night of Tuesday, January IT, 1860, a dance was held at the house of Joseph Newland, on Lick creek, Chatham township. George S. Pulliam, Mr. Newland. and another person were in a room talking ^about a fight which was to occur the next day, when Pulliam offered to bet a certain sum of money on his favorite. At this poiat, Richard R. Whitehead came into the room. A dispute immediately occurred between Pulliam and Whitehead, and the lie passed between them. Blows were also passed, Whitehead striking with his fist, and Pulliam with a bowie knife. Whitehead was struck three times, twice on the head, and once on the breast, the last stroke causing his death in a few minutes. Pulliam was arrested and lodged in jail. On Thursday, May 10, 1860, Mr. Pulliam was arraigned for trial. J. B. White, Prosecuting Attorney, W. H. Ilerndon and J. E. Rosette appeared for the people, and Stephen T. Logan and Matheny & Shutt for the defense. The case was ably argued, and at its conclusion, after an absence of two hours, the jury brought in a verdict of guilty of manslaughter, and Pulliam was sentenced to the State's prison for seven years. Subsequently pardoned by Governor Yates.

In October, 1861, six soldiers went to the house of a German living near the camp, and while four of them were on the outside, two of them entered the house, and it is alleged, attempted to violate the person of a thirteen-yearold daughter of the owner of the house, when he seized a billet of wood and made an onslaught on them, killing one outright and badly using up the other. Coroner Hopper held an inquest and the jury returned a verdict of justifiable homicide.

Two rebel prisoners at Camp Butler, named Dawson and Kendrick, got into a quarrel Saturday, May 3, 1862, when Kendrick seized a large stick and struck Dawson a heavy blow, from the effect of which he died in about two hours. Kendrick was delivered over to the civil authorities of the county for trial. An indictment was found, and he was tried for crime. The jury failed to agree, and the case was subsequently nolle prosequied.

Shocking Murder

On the morning of July 4, 1862, a man was found dead on the sidewalk on North Sixth street. Upon examination his face was found to be fearfully mangled, and an unloaded single barrel pistol lying near by. The presumption was that the man had committed suicide. An inquest was held and the body identified to be that of Charles Remsey, a German. The body was buried but subsequently disinterred, and a more thorough examination was held, the verdict of the Coroner's jury being that he came to his death by the hands of some person or persons unknown.

Tragedy At Camp Butler

Thomas Vines, a teamster in the employ of the United States Quartermaster Department, was killed at Camp Butler, Tuesday, November 4, 1862. He had been engaged in hauling baggage from the camp to the railroad, when an officer ordered his arrest on some pretext. The team of the man became frightened, and running through the camp, an order was given to fire on him Some fifteen or twenty shots were fired, one taking effect in the neck, killing him instantly.

Killing Of Wesley Pilcher

On Tuesday, March 17, 1863, as Lieutenant Emery P. Dustin, in company with a friend, was conducting two deserters to Camp Butler, while near the St. Nicholas Hotel, in Springfield, he witnessed an affray between Wesley Pilcher and a man by the name of O'Hara, the former unmercifully beating the latter. O'Hara was calling for the police, when Dustan interfered, Pilcher then turning upon him began to administer the same punishment to him, when Dustan backed out, at the same time warning Pilcher to cease his attacks, or he would be tempted to injure him. Pilcher being enraged followed Dustan for some distance, when the latter pulled a revolver and shot him dead. Dustan was at once arrested and taken before Esquires Adams and Hickman, who, after hearing the case, bound him over to the courts. The military authorities interfering Dustan was taken out and tried by court martial and acquitted.

Soldier Shot

William Keily, of Company K., Tenth Illinois Cavalry, while the company was encamped at Camp Butler, in company with another soldier, was creating some disturbance in the boarding house of Mrs. Horry, on North Fifth street, having broken one of the windows, when the provost guard went to the house and arrested the two men. On their way to headquarters, and when on the north side of the square, Keily, who had been drinking, drew his revolver and fired two shots at one of the guards, one of the shots cutting the hair on the side of his head. Two of the guards immediately fired, killing Keily instantly, one ball passing through his breast and the other through his hips.

Kohbery Axd Murder At Pawkee

On Tuesday evening, March 7, 1865, a man called at the residence of James Bodge, a merchant at Pawnee, and requested him to go to the store as he wished to purchase some tea and coffee. Mr. Bodge complied with his request, and while doing up the articles John Saunders came into the store and purchased a can of oysters and soon left. On going out he was followed by the man, who stepped out of the store and spoke to his horse, as though he feared it would get away. As he did so, another person, an accomplice, stepped into the store, and pointing a pistol at Mr. Bodge, with an oath, told him to surrender. Mr. Bodge replied, "I do suri-ender, but don't shoot me!" The robber then deliberately took Mr. Bodge's pocket book, containing $500, walked out of the store, mounted his horse, and, in company with another person who was with him, rode away. As they left the store one of the party shot and instantly killed Mr. Saunders.

While some of the citizens were gathered around the body of Mr. Saunders, the robber who first entered the store came near with revolver in hand and inquired, "who did it?" and immediately mounted his horse and joined his accomplices. The desperadoes acted with great coolness and deliberation. The citizens of the place were so astounded at the hellish deed that the murderers were permitted to escape.

After a few months had passed Barney Vanarsdale was arrested in Iowa, and confessed to the crime of killing Mr. Saunders. He was brought to Springfield. In his confession Vanarsdale accused Nathan Trayler and Hezekiah Sampley of being accomplices. They were both arrested, and on a preliminary examination were bound over to the Circuit Coui't in sums of $2,000 each.

James Lemon was afterwards arrested for the same crime, and at the May term, 1866, of the Circuit Court of the county, both Vanarsdale and Lemon were arraigned for trial. Milton Hay was assigned by the court to defend Lemon, while James H. Matheny was employed C^l - by friends of the accused, to defend Vanarsdale. The defense was such as could be expected from such eminent counsel, and everything that could be done was done for the prisoners, but without avail. Twelve good and true men found them guilty by their own confessions, and they were sentenced to death.

On Friday, June 1, they were brought into the court room, and Judge Rice, after a solemn and impressive prayer had been offered up by Rev. W. S. Prentiss, pronounced the sentence of death, and sentenced them to be hung within the walls of the prison or the enclosed yard, on Friday, June 22, 1866, The Judge concluded his address to them with the awful sentence: " May God have mercy on your souls. No earthly hope now remains for you; may you direct your attention to Him who alone can save, and who spoke pardon and peace to the dying thief upon the cross."

In the absence of Governor Oglesby, Lieutenant Governor Bross granted a reprieve till Friday, July 20, 1866. Before the arrival of the day the sheriff made all preparation for the execution, hoping meanwhile the Governor would commute the sentence to imprisonment for life. But it was deemed best by that oflicer not to interfere with the sentence of the court.

All hope of commutation of sentence having passed, at their request, the sacrament of the Lord's supper was administered to the condemned, after which the black cap was placed over their faces, shutting out their last sight of earth, a prayer was made, the droj) pulled, and the souls of Vanarsdale and Lemon went out to meet that of their victim.

Found Dead

On Sunday, January 21, 1866, as two boys were playing near the northeast part of the city they found a pocket-book and a man's coat covered with blood. Giving information to their father, James Minsel, the latter, accompanied by a friend, repaired to the spot, and while examining the coat noticed a dog standing over a man's body a few yards away. On approaching the body, they found it lying face downward, partially covered with snow, and giving evidence that it had been foully dealt with. The dead man was frozen and had evidently been killed a couple of days. A jury was summoned by the coroner and an inquest held. An examination of the body disclosed the fact that the man had been murdered in a manner horrible to contemplate. A ball from a navy revolver had passed through his neck, severing the jugular vein, and another bad entered the back, passed through the body, and came out near the nipple of the right breast. Either of these wounds would have caused his death. Three other bullets had entered the body just below the right shoulder. In addition to these wounds, six stabs were found from a large knife in the back, one in the right arm, two in the breast, and another in the back of the head. More than one person must have been concerned in the murder, as the wounds showed the attack to have been made in front and rear at the same time. The man's name was afterwards ascertained to be Henry Aholtz, a member of the Second Illinois Cavalry. His murderers were never known.

Killing Of Joseph Ward

Joseph Ward on Wednesday, November 20, 186Y, visited a saloon on Jefferson street, and being slightly intoxicated, soon got into a quarrel with Fritz Triever, the barkeeper of the establishment. During the altercation, it was reported that Ward drew a knife, but without attempting to use it. Triever, on being informed that Ward had a knife in his hand, took up a club and struck Ward several blows over the head, from the effects of which he died the next morning. Triever was arrested.

Murder Of William Mortar

Zachariah Brock had been drinking, and on Saturday, August 1, 1868, came to the shop of William Mortar and began to quarrel with him. Mortar picked up a wagon spoke, probably with the intention of defending himself, but on second thought threw it down, and began trying to pacify him. Brock advanced, picked up the spoke, and struck Mortar over the head. The victim was carried into the house and died the following Tuesday.

Doings Of A Desperado

On Saturday, May 28, 1870, one of those terrible tragedies, which for a time throw a community into a state of excitement, occurred at Springfield. For some days previous, the surveyors of the Northwestern Railroad had been engaged in surveying a route through the city. On Friday, the 27th, Coburn Bancroft, becoming desperate at the thought that his mother's property would be taken for railroad purposes, fired a revolver at the surveyors two or thres times, but without effect. A warrant was sworn out and two or three policemen started to arrest young Bancroft. The police soon found him and attempted his arrest, but the offender backed into a corner of the room and swore that he would kill the first man who attempted to lay hands on him. Finding the man desperate, re-inforcements were sent for, when another effort was made to effect his arrest, but Bancroft defied them and stood his ground. Not wishing to injure the man, the police retired, hoping to effect his arrest at another time when it could be done without endangering the lives of any.

On the morning of the 28th, Louis Souther, local editor of the Register, went to the house of Bancroft for the purpose of securing his statement, and was met by Bancroft with an oath and a threat to kill him. Knowing the desperate character of the young man, Mr. Souther retreated, but was followed by the desperado, who fired ujjon him, wounding him in the arm.

About three o'clock in the afternoon, Bancroft left his house, and returning about four o'clock, he met Alonzo McClure, the man who swore out the warrant against him, accompanied by a friend. Addressing McClure, Bancroft asked him if he was the one who swore out a warrant against him, and having satisfied himself, stepped back and picked up the lead of a bricklayer's plumb and threw it at McClure, who retreated a few steps and then drew a revolver and fired five shots at Bancroft without effect. Bancroft then drew his revolver and fired four shots at McClure, two of which took effect. He then proceeded deliberately to his mother's house, went to his room, and commenced loading his pistol.

Several men witnessed the fight between Bancroft and McClure, and the news rapidly spread and soon a large crowd was collected around the Bancroft residence. The young desperado sat by a window, and playing a violin, defied the crowd. The sheriff and a number of police officers were present. After trying in vain to get him to surrender without farther trouble, he was fired upon by the Chief of Police, of Springfield, D. C. Robbins, the ball taking effect, and from which he died in about fifteen minutes.

The Coroner cal'ed a jury, and investigated the case, fully exonerating Captain Robbins from all blame. Notwithstanding this, the grand jury found a bill of indictment against him, and he was subsequently tried and acquitted.

Murder Of Sharon Tyndale

On Saturday morning, April 29, 187 1, Shai'on Tyndale, ex-Secretary of State, was loully murdered, near his residence, on Adams, between First and Second streets. It appears that Mr. Tyndale had arisen shortly after one o'clock a.

m.,to take the train for St. Louis. His intention was probably known by his murderers, who lay in wait for him, and who committed the hellish deed for the sake of a few paltry dollars upon his person. The body, when found, exhibited a severe and deep wound upon the left side of the face, extending from the forehead to the lower part of the cheek. It had the appearance of having been made by a heavy club. On the right side of the head, and just back of the ear, was another wound, caused by a pistol bullet of large calibre. A probe inserted by a physician showed that the ball passed upward, toward the top of the head, and that its effects were probably instantaneously fatal, as a pool of blood was found upon the gi'ound immediately underneath the wound, indicating that the murdered man must have died immediately, as no traces of blood were found elsewhere.

Killing Of William Kelley

The beautiful little village of Pleasant Plains would hardly be expected to be the scene of a bloody murder On the evening of September 25, 1871, while Mrs, Rhoda Elmore, Anderson Harris, and William Kelly were sitting at the supper table, a knock was heard at the door, and in response to the I'equest, " Come in," Peter L. Harrison opened the door, and at once commenced firing upon Kelly with a revolver. Kelly arose from the table, and, picking up a chair, started in the direction of Harrison, and succeeded in pushing him outside the door and shutting it. He then started towards a door in the opposite side of the room, and on reaching it fell, and soon after expired. Harrison was afterwards arrested, and an indictment found by the grand jury. A change of venue was taken, to Christian Co., where he was tried and acquitted.

Murder Of Henry Stay

On Saturday night, March 23, 1872, Henry Stay called at the saloon of Edwin Slater, on Monroe street, Springfield, about 1 1 o'clock, and called up Mr Slater who lives over the saloon, and who had retired for the night, asking him to come down as he wished to pay him some money, remarking that he had better take it then as he might spend it. Slater came down, and oi)ening the door of the saloon, let in Stay, who paid him the promised money, after Avhich Slater gave him something to drink. After drinking Stay started to leave, when Edward Duffey came to the door and asked to be admitted. He was let in, and being an acquaintance of Stay, the two pleasantly conversed for awhile, when Stay, in a kind of jolly way, took hold of Duffy and the two commenced scuffling, during which Duffey was rather roughly thrown to the floor Slater, the saloonkeeper, then said to Stay: "Don't handle Duffey so roughly, for he is an older man than you." Stay, who was feeling jolly, helped Duffey upon his feet. Duffey, on getting upon his feet, appeared to be angry, and told Stiy thathe would not submit to such treatment, and drew a revolver. Stay, when he saw the revolver, said: "You had better put that pistol up," appearing as though he did not think Duffey would use it. Duffey then stepped back a couple of steps and tired, the ball striking Stay in the left side and in the regi n of the heart. Stay fell upon the floor, and Duffey, as quick as thought, turned and fired at Slater, the ball striking on the point of the right shoulder, making an ugly flesh wound. Slater, on finding that he was wounded, cried out: "For God's sake, don't shoot any more " Duffey replied, "I won't," and immediately fled.

An alarm was immediately given, and the police at once responded to the call. The coroner was summoned, the evidence taken, and a verdict rendered in accordance with the foregoing facts.