Clay County, Indiana - The whole text, 1909 (part 10 of 21)

It was through the medium of the common schools that Samuel G. Ralston acquired the education that equipped him for life's practical and responsible duties and after putting aside his text-books he began learn¬ ing telegraphy at Cartersburg, a station on the Vandalia Railroad. He was afterward a trainman on the road and in 1874 became station agent at Amo, Indiana, where he filled the first water tank with a hand pump. He continued as station agent and telegraph operator there until 1883. He went to Terre Haute, where he was train dispatcher for the Vandalia R. R. for about one and a half years, when he took charge of the station at Montrose, Illinois, where he continued for three or four months. He came to Brazil. Indiana, on the 27th of October, 1884, and was engaged with the Vandalia Railroad Company until 1887. In that year he went to Pine Bluff, Arkansas, and acted as train dispatcher for the Cotton Belt Railroad until January, 1888, when he returned to Brazil, accepting a clerical position with the Chicago & Eastern Illinois Railroad. He left that position on the 31st of March, however, and on the 1st of April, 1888, engaged with the Brazil Block Coal Company, with which he has since continued as paymaster. His duties and responsibilities have also been increased by his election to the office of secretary and treasurer and now in connection with the executive interests of the business he is proving a strong factor in its success. Pie is also manager of the Indiana Mercantile Company and in the control of his business affairs displays keen discrimination and sound judgment.

Mr. Ralston was married June 27, 1887, to Miss Adeline Parker, who was born in Hendricks county, Indiana, and died April 18, 1900. Four children were born of that marriage. Albert L., who was graduated from the Brazil high school, afterward attended Purdue University, from which he was also graduated with the class of 1905, earning the Wilbur scholarship. He is now with the Westinghouse Electric Company, located in New York city as one of their expert engineers. Frances Ruth, also a graduate of the Brazil high school, is now attending the State Normal at Terre Haute. Mary H. is a student in the high school at Brazil and George P. died in infancy. Having lost his first wife, Mr. Ralston was married on the 24th of January, 1902, to Miss Mary E. McCrea and they are now pleasantly located in Brazil, the hospitality of the best homes being freely accorded them.

Mr. Ralston is well known in fraternal circles, belonging to Terre Haute Lodge, No. 19, A. F. & A. M., with which he has been affiliated since 1883. He is also a member of Brazil Chapter, No. 59, R. A. M., of which he served as secretary for one term. He likewise belongs to Brazil Commandery, No. 47, K. T., of which he is the treasurer and for eighteen or nineteen years he has been master of finance in Brazil Lodge, No. 30, K. P. He is highly esteemed by his brethren of all these orders, for he is loyal to their teachings and purposes and manifests the beneficent spirit upon which they are based. He is now serving for a second term as a member of the Brazil school board and is its treasurer. His political views accord with the principles of the Republican party and his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Presbyterian church. The success he has achieved in business is the outcome of his persistency of purpose, his fidelity and the able manner in which he has met every duty that has devolved upon him. In business trustworthy, in fraternal rela¬ tions loyal, in citizenship faithful and progressive, he has been found in every relation of life a man whom to know is to respect and esteem.

William C. Diel. - Progressive and enterprising and well versed in agricultural lore, William C. Diel, of Dick Johnson township, has built up an extensive arid remunerative business as market gardener, the pro¬ ductions of his greenhouses meeting a ready sale in near-by and more distant cities. A native of Indiana, he was born December 13, 1864, in Jackson township, Clay county. He comes of thrifty German stock, being a descendant in the fifth generation from the emigrant ancestor, Adam Diel, who emigrated from Germany to this country, the line being con¬ tinued through Henry Diel, a native of Pennsylvania; Jacob Diel, Sr., who was born in Pennsylvania; Jacob Diel, Jr., and William C. Diel. A more extended history of the Diel family may be found elsewhere in this volume, in connection with the sketch of David Diel.

Jacob Diel, Jr., was born in August, 1835, in Wayne county, Indiana, and when but a child was brought to Clay county by his parents. At that time Brazil was but a hamlet, and the surrounding country a dense wilderness, through which deer, bears and other wild beasts roamed at will, and wild turkeys and other game were plentiful. Although never learning a trade, he was a natural mechanic and for a number of years operated a shingle mill, managing that in addition to his labors as a farmer. During the Civil war he enlisted as a private in Company E, Fifty-first Indiana Volunteer Infantry, of which all of his brothers were members, and served his country bravely. After leaving Jackson town¬ ship he lived for a few years in Perry and Cass townships, and is now a resident of Terre Haute. His wife, whose maiden name was Huldah Slack, was a daughter of John and Margaret (Wright) Slack, natives of North Carolina and pioneers of Clay county. She reared three children, namely: William C., the subject of this sketch ; Joseph D. ; and Francis M.

Having completed his early education in the public schools, William C. Diel began as a youth to make himself useful, his first employment being in his father's sawmill. At the time of his marriage he began farm¬ ing on- his own account in Cass township, remaining there until 1892. Going from there to Terre Haute, he worked first in the car shops, later following the carpenter's trade for awhile, and then entered the employ of L. H. Mahan, a market gardener, under whose instruction he became familiar with the special branch of agriculture in which he is now engaged. Returning to Clay county in 1901, Mr. Diel lived in different places for two years, in 1903 establishing himself on the farm where he now resides and beginning his present profitable work. Here he is well equipped for gardening purposes, the several greenhouses which he has built having a combined area of twenty-three thousand feet, giving him ample room for the raising of lettuce, of which he makes a specialty, his reputation in this line being one of which he may well be proud.

Latham. Her great-grandfather, John Latham, came to Cass township as a pioneer, secured large tracts of bottom lands on the Eel river, and was there extensively engaged in farming during the remainder of his life. George W. Latham, Mrs. Diel's grandfather, was engaged in agri¬ cultural pursuits in Cass township during the greater part of his life. David U. Latham was a farmer by occupation, but in addition to his agri¬ cultural labors he was for a number of years employed in manufacturing shingles. He was a life-long resident of Cass township, where four of his sons are now living. The union of Mr. and Mrs. Diel has been blessed by the birth of six children, namely: Dennis; Elva ; Della; Zora, who died in infancy ; Stella ; and Thelma. Mr. Diel is quite prominent in fraternal circles, belonging to Brazil Lodge No. 364, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons; to Paul Revere Lodge No. 374, Knights of Pythias; to Brazil Camp No. 3418, Modern Woodmen of America; and to the Home Defenders No. 1.

Frederick William Werremeyer. - No country has afforded greater opportunities to the poor man than our own, his chances for accumulating wealth being many. Some, it is true, fail to do so, but the best of our population lay by some of their earnings, and in course of time find themselves in the possession of a handsome property. Promi¬ nent among this number is Frederick W. Werremeyer, a well-to-do farmer of Harrison township. He was born February 14, 1854, in Prus¬ sia, which was likewise the birthplace of his father, John Henry Werremeyer.

Learning the trade of a carpenter and cabinet maker, John H. Werre¬ meyer followed it during his active life. He was twice married by his first wife, having three children, Minnie, Elizabeth and Fritz. His second wife, whose maiden name was Catherine Hackman, spent her entire life in Prussia, dying there at the age of sixty-four years. She bore him six children, namely: John H., Sophia, Herman, Frederick W., August and Lizzie. The latter died when fifteen years old. Herman was for some years employed in government work, and later became a sailor. All of the others emigrated to America. The father, also, came here after the death of his second wife, in 1881, and made his home with his children until his death, in 1884, at the venerable age of eighty-four years.

Frederick W. Werremeyer attended school regularly until fourteen years old, and the following three years worked at any honest employment that he could find. Then, allured by the glowing accounts given of life in America, he came to Indiana, locating in Clay county. He could not speak the English language, and had very little capital to start on, his only endowments being good health, strong hands and a willing heart. Indeed, thus equipped no man need be afraid. Settling in Poland, Cass township, Mr. Werremeyer worked for seventeen years at the carpenter's trade, and with characteristic German thrift saved his earnings, accumulating quite a sum of money. This money he judiciously invested in land, buying in 1888 his present homestead property in section fifteen, Harrison township, in the Eel river valley. A log barn had previously been erected, and also a frame shack, which he and his family occupied a few months. Mr. Wer¬ remeyer has been very successful in his operations, and has added excel¬ lent improvements, having now a fine set of frame buildings, a good orchard and many shade and ornamental trees, all adding decidedly to the value and beauty of the estate. He has bought additional land, having now three hundred and seventy-six and one-half acres, a part of which is in Owen county, and is carrying on general farming with most satis¬ factory pecuniary results.

On January 8, 1885, Mr. Werremeyer married Ellen R. Bashore, who was born in Morgan township, Owen county, a daughter of Henry Bashore. Her father was born in Berks county, Pennsylvania, and coming to Fayette county, Indiana, settled as a pioneer in Owen county, and on the farm which he improved is now living. To him and his wife, whose maiden name was Sarah Hahn, five children were born, as follows : Elizabeth, Louisa, Ellen R., Henry and Melinda. Mr. and Mrs. Wer¬ remeyer have two children, Franklin William and Albert William. Both Mr. and Mrs. Werremeyer were reared in the religious faith of the Reformed Evangelical church.

Jeremiah Thomas Jones. - A man of keen intelligence, sound judg¬ ment and excellent business qualifications and ability, Jeremiah T. Jones, of Harrison township, holds a noteworthy position among the active and highly respected citizens of this part of Clay county. A son of Samuel B.* Jones, he was born April 6, 1849, m Montgomery, Hamilton county, Ohio. The emigrant ancestor of that branch of the Jones family from which he is descended settled in this country in colonial days, and here Joshua Jones, the grandfather of Jeremiah T., was born, his birth occur¬ ring March 25, 1786.

A farmer by occupation, Joshua Jones spent his earlier life in Penn¬ sylvania. Subsequently moving with his family to Ohio, he purchased land in Brown county, near the "twenty-mile stand," a stage station near Cincinnati on the Reading Pike. He improved a goodly portion of the land, and was there actively employed in tilling the soil until his death, December 20, 1841. His wife, whose maiden name was Lavinia Brown, was born February 5, 1801, and died September 24, 1854. Eleven children were born to them, namely: John, Samuel B., Thomas A., Joshua L. W., Ann, Margaret, Jane, Martha H., Caroline, Mary Emeline and Amanda M. These children were nearly all born and bred in Ohio. John, born April 8, 1817, married, September 15, 1839, Eliza Allen. Samuel B., born April 24, 1826, married, December 12, 1847, Esther Tice Cameron, and died January 4, 1867. John went to Pike's Peak in 1847, as a gold seeker, meeting with success, and in 1866 tried his luck in the silver regions of Nevada, since which time nothing has been heard from him. Thomas A., born January 1, 1831, was educated for the Presbyterian min¬ istry, but afterwards engaged in the practice of law, subsequently removed to Alabama, and nothing has since been heard about him. Ann, the oldest daughter, born June 28, 1819, married Elisha Blue, and about 1856 removed to St. Paul, Minnesota. Margaret, born April 5, 1821, married, November 10, 1840, John Harper, and died February 12, 1844. Jane, born January 17, 1824, married John Ledford, and in 1855 moved to St. Paul, Minnesota. Martha H., born December 6, 1828, married David Woolley, and resided in Cincinnati, Ohio, until her death, May 12, i860. Caroline was born April 27, 1833. Mary E., born September 11, 1835, married Thomas Johnson, and subsequently removed to Sunrise, Ken¬ tucky, where her husband, a plantation owner, was a slaveholder, owning fifty or more slaves. Amanda M., born April 28, 1838, married John Buchanan.

A native of Millersville, Pennsylvania, Samuel B. Jones was brought up in Brown county, Ohio, where his parents settled when he was an infant. A natural mechanic, he learned carpentry, and after following that trade for awhile was employed as a flour mill-wright for a few years. Removing then to Cincinnati, he worked at his trade in that city, being kept busily employed until 1864. Enlisting in that year in Company E, Forty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, which was assigned to the command of General Thomas, he was with his regiment in all of its subsequent marches, campaigns and battles, and in the engagement at Nashville took part in nine different bayonet charges. Receiving his honorable discharge from the service at the close of the war he returned to Cincinnati, where he followed his trade of a carpenter until his death, as above mentioned, January 4, 1867. On December 15, 1847, he married Esther Tice Cam¬ eron, who was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, May 15, 1832, a daughter of Duncan Cameron, who, without doubt, was of Scotch ancestry.

Duncan Cameron was born and brought up in New York state, his birth occurring in 1784. As a young man he settled in Cincinnati, and for a number of years was employed by Nicholas Longworth, Sr. Sub¬ sequently, about 1845, he purchased two hundred acres of land near Mont¬ gomery, Ohio, and was there successfully engaged in agricultural pursuits until his death, in 1866, in the eighty-fourth year of his age. He married Mary Ann Felter, who was born in New York state in 1790, of Pennsyl¬ vania-German, Irish and English ancestry, and died in 1862. They were the parents of fifteen children, nine sons and six daughters, the following being the record: John; Crunemus ; Nicholas; James; Andrew; Hiram; Duncan ; Thomas ; Joel ; Sarah married Crunemus Kitchel ; Maria mar¬ ried Herbert Martin; Magdalane married first John Davis, and married second John D. Hathaway; Catherine remained unmarried; Caroline mar¬ ried William Simmington ; and Esther T. became the wife of Samuel B. Jones, and the mother of Jeremiah T. Jones, the special subject of this sketch. She died October 26, 1884, aged fifty-two years.

Having obtained an excellent education in the public schools of Cin¬ cinnati, Jeremiah T. Jones began at the age of sixteen years to learn the carpenter's trade, working for one and one-half years with his father, afterwards being employed as a journeyman for two years. On January 20. 1869, he came to Indiana, and for more than a year was a contractor in Reelsville, Putnam county. From September, 1870, until 1875, he was similarly engaged at Carbon, Clay county. Removing then to Parke county, Mr. Jones rented land near Lena, and for four years was there a tiller of the soil. Locating in Middlebury in 1880, he entered the employ of J. H. Modrell, a lumber dealer, and was with him until 1893. During the following three years he was engaged in the lumber business at Liver¬ more, Kentucky, but since that time Mr. Jones has been associated with the Moline Wagon Company at Moline, Illinois, as lumber buyer and shipper. At the present time he buys in Arkansas and Southeastern Mis¬ souri, his headquarters being at Newport, Arkansas.

Mr. Jones married first, January 9, 1869, Mary L. Farley, who was born September 15, 1849, in Cincinnati, a daughter of John and Susan Farley. She died February 23, 1869, after a very few weeks of mar¬ ried life. Mr. Jones married second, April 19, 1870, Henrietta Osborn, who was born in Scott county, Virginia, September 9, 1848. Her father, Henry Osborn, was bom in Virginia, where his parents probably spent their whole lives. He removed in early manhood to Kentucky, buying a farm near Somerset, and was there a resident until 1854. Coming in that year to Indiana, he lived for a brief time in Hendricks county, and then located in Putnam county. He subsequently made an overland journey to Missouri, but was evidently disappointed in his expectations of the place and its possibilities, for in a few months he returned to Putnam county, purchased a place near Reelsville, and was there a resident for ten years. Selling that property, he built a house on his son's farm near Reedsville, Indiana, and there lived until his death in 1868. Mr. Osborn married Sarah Dixon, who was born in North Carolina. She was a daughter of John Dixon, a soldier in the Mexican war, who died of yellow fever in the city of Mexico while in service. His wife, who before mar¬ riage was a Miss Snyder, survived him many years, passing away in 1878. Mrs. Jones's Grandfather Osborn, who was engaged in agricultural pur¬ suits during his life, was, in common with the other Virginia planters, a slaveholder, but to his credit be it said liberated his slaves prior to the breaking out of the Civil war.

Six children were born of the union of Mr. and Mrs. Jones, namely: Esther Minnie, born January 23, 1871, married, February 9, 1888, Schuyler Brush, and diecj August 9, 1888; Mamie Viola, born August 16, 1873, married, December 27, 1891, George W. Baumgartner, and they have one child, Elsie Marie, born August 4, 1894; Clara Belle, born August 21, 1879, died in August, 1880; Grace Darling, born March 18, 1884, married, September 23, 1903, Hiram Edgar Grismer; Mabel Blanche, born November 18, 1889, died December 8, 1891 ; and Harry Byron, born October 8, 1893. Formerly Mr. Jones was identified with the Republican party, but is now a Democrat. Religiously both Mr. and Mrs. Jones are members of the United Brethren church.

Simon L. Row. - Noteworthy among the clear-headed, energetic and thriving business men of Clay City, Indiana, is Simon L. Row, who has long been prominent in the public affairs of Harrison township, and now as junior member of the firm of Bonham, Goshorn & Row is identified with its mercantile interests. A native of this state, he was born Novem¬ ber 3, 1861, in Marion township, Owen county, a son of Martin Row. He comes of Pennsylvania ancestry, his great-grandfather, Nicholas Row, and his grandfather, Lewis Row, having been natives of that state. Some¬ time after his marriage with Mary Gonser, Nicholas Row in 1808 moved with his family to Ohio, and was one of the first settlers of Tuscarawas county. Buying a tract of land that was in its primitive wrildness, he built a log house, and having cleared and improved a homestead, resided there the rest of his life.

Born in Somerset county, Pennsylvania, in 1802, Lewis Row was but six years old when he went with his parents to Ohio, where he received a practical training in pioneer agriculture. Choosing for himself the free and independent occupation of a farmer, he bought land near where his father located, and like him cleared a farm from the forest. Enterprising and sagacious, he platted the town of Baltic, which was first named in his honor, Rowville. In 1851, selling at an advantage the remainder of his land, he came to this state, and in Marion township, Owen county, bought a tract of land on which a cleared patch and a set of log buildings con¬ stituted the improvements. He cleared more land, erected a large frame barn, and was there employed in cultivating the soil until his death, in 1876. He took great interest in advancing the growth and prosperity of

Owen county, which, for one or more terms, he represented in the state legislature. His wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Smith, was born in Pennsylvania, a daughter of John Smith, a pioneer of Coshocton county, Ohio. She died in 1888, in Owen county. Of the children born of their union, seven grew to maturity, namely: Catherine, Hannah, Mar¬ tin, Lucinda, John, Jesse and Elizabeth.

A native of Tuscarawas county, Ohio, Martin Row was bom about one mile south of the town of Baltic, November 3, 1830, and was there bred and educated. Coming to Owen county, Indiana, in 1851, he was employed as clerk in a general store in Marion township for seven years thereafter. Turning his attention to the occupation in which he was reared, he bought land in that township and for a number of years car¬ ried on farming in its various branches most successfully. Selling out in 1883, he came to Harrison township, Clay county, purchased a farm, and continued his agricultural operations until 1892. Since that time he has lived in Clay City retired from active pursuits, in his pleasant home enjoy¬ ing the fruits of his many years of judicious toil. In 1856 he married Barbara Sommers, who was born in Tuscarawas county, Ohio, March 15, 1834, a daughter of Jacob and Martha (Aucherman) Sommers, natives of Pennsylvania and early pioneers of Tuscarawas county. She died Jan¬ uary 1 2, 1899. Of her children, five grew to mature years, as follows: Angeline; Simon L. ; Mary E. ; John A.; and Samuel G., who died when twenty-eight years of age.

Brought up on the home farm, Simon L. Row received a practical education in the common schools, and while helping his father formed a close acquaintance with farm work and was employed in agricultural pur¬ suits until 1895. Being then elected township trustee of Harrison town¬ ship, Mr. Row for five years devoted his time and attention to the duties of that office. In 1901 he was elected county treasurer of Clay county, and served with ability and fidelity for two years. At the expiration of his term he returned to Clay City, where he has since resided. He has here built up a lucrative business as a dealer in live stock and horses, and in addition to this became in 1907 a member of the well-known firm of Bonham, Goshorn & Row, successful hardware merchants.

In 1885 Mr. Row married Elizabeth Pershing, who was born in Jef¬ ferson township, Owen county, of which her parents, Eli and Mary Pershing, were early settlers. Mr. and Mrs. Row are the parents of four children, Elmer A., Willard C., Charles H. and Martin A. Politically Mr. Row is one of the leading Democrats of Harrison township, and is now serving as chairman of its Democratic committee.

John G. Kattman. - A live, energetic and persevering business man, John G. Kattman, proprietor of "Walnut Grove Farm," is exten¬ sively and profitably engaged in agricultural pursuits on one of the finest and most attractive estates to be found in Washington township, Clay county. Wise and systematic in his methods, and having a thorough understanding of the vocation which he is pursuing, he is meeting wdth uniform success as a general farmer and stock-raiser, and holds a high rank among the more prosperous and progressive agriculturists of this part of the county. A native of this township, he was born April 7, 1844, a son of Christopher Kattman. His grandparents, John G. and Catherine Kattman, emigrated from Germany to this country, and after living for a few years in Richmond, Indiana, came to Clay county. Buying one hundred and sixty acres of land in Washington township, section three, they afterwards spent their lives on the farm here, his death occurring in 1869.

Christopher Kattman was born in Hanover, Germany, came with his parents to Richmond, Indiana, and from there to Washington town¬ ship, Clay county. He followed the trade of a stone mason for a number of years, also engaging to some extent in farming. After the death of his father, in the spring of 1869, he bought the old homestead, and was there employed in tilling the soil the remainder of his life,' passing away September 4, 1885, aged sixty-seven years. He married, in Rich¬ mond, Indiana, about 1842, Clara M. Menke, who was born in Hanover, Germany, and died on the home farm in Washington township January 6, 1895, aged seventy-seven years, seven months and seventeen days.

The oldest of a family consisting of three boys and three girls, John G. Kattman attended the Knob Creek and Washington township schools, and for many years after attaining his majority remained at home, assist¬ ing in the management of the farm, and after his father's death having its entire superintendence. Ih 1875 Mr. Kattman bought one hundred and twenty acres of land in Washington township, eighty acres of which were cleared, forty acres being a part of the parental homestead. On that forty acres he erected a two-story frame house, locating it on a natural building site overlooking a fine stretch of country, and he has also erected other farm buildings, including a substantial barn. Success¬ ful in his undertakings, Mr. Kattman has bought other land, now owning four hundred and fifteen acres in one body, lying in section four. Here he is carrying on farming and stock raising to a good purpose, being assisted in his labors by his son and his son-in-law, making a specialty of raising a fine grade of cattle and Poland-China hogs.

On January 9, 1868, Mr. Kattman married Sarah W. Schroer, who was born January 31, 1843, in Washington township, a daughter of Henry G. Schroer. Emigrating from Wester Cappeln, Prussia, his native place, to the United States, Henry G. Schroer settled in Wash¬ ington township, Clay county, Indiana, in 1833, and a short time after¬ wards sent to Prussia for Miss Ann M. Frazier, the young lady to whom he was engaged when he left home. Married soon after arrival, he purchased land on Jordan Creek, and was there employed in improving a farm for awhile. Selling out, he subsequently bought land in Wash¬ ington township, about two miles south of Poland, and there both he and his wife spent the remainder of their lives, Mr. Schroer's death occurring in September, 1890, and Mrs. Schroer's March 1, 1895. Eight children were born of the union of Mr. and Mrs. Kattman, namely: Clara, wife of Edward Strauch, of this township; Dora, who died at the age of nine years; Albert, of Cass township; Laura, wife of Fred Tappy, of Terre Haute; Arthur, of Poland, Cass township; Ida, who died in 1882, aged five months; Ross J., of Poland; and Fred, living at home. An active member of the Democratic party, Mr. Kattman has served in positions of trust and responsibility, always discharging the duties devolv¬ ing upon him with ability and fidelity. He has served two years as town¬ ship trustee, and three terms as county commissioner. He is a member of Poland Lodge, No. 364, K. of P., and belongs to the German Reformed Church, of which he has been an elder four terms.

Ephraim Williams Kester. - Distinguished not only for his brave and patriotic service in the Civil war, but as a man of sterling integrity and character and as one of the leading agriculturists of Perry town¬ ship, Ephraim W. Kester is eminently deserving of honorable mention in this volume, and it is with pleasure we record a brief history of him and his family. A son of the late Dr. Benjamin Kester, he was born, November 23, 1838, in Plymouth, Washington county, Ohio. His grand¬ father, John Kester, was born, it is supposed, in Bucks county, Pennsyl¬ vania, where his father, Jonathan Kester, spent the closing years of his life, passing away at the good old age of eighty-seven years.

John Kester followed his trade of a shoemaker in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, until 1818, when he moved with his family to Ohio, becoming a pioneer of Guernsey county. Entering eighty acres of land in Leatherwood township, adjoining the town of Millwood, now known as Quaker City, he built a house of round logs, which was the first home of the family in that state. He subsequently devoted his time there to clearing the land and tilling the soil until his death, at the age of sixty years. He married Martha Buntin, who was born in Bucks county, Pennsylvania. She survived him, and in 1853 went to Iowa to live with her sons Aaron and Robert, who settled in Polk county, and there died at the age of eighty-six years. Both she and her husband were Quakers in religion, belonging to the branch known as Hicksites. They had a large family, rearing sixteen children.

Dr. Benjamin Kester was born April 24, 1808, in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, and after removing with his parents to Ohio in 1818 attended the district schools, and as soon as old enough to wield an axe or hoe began to assist on the home farm. He subsequently worked out by the day or month, and in the meantime began to read medicine, for which he had a decided liking. After studying for some time with Dr. Williams of Belmont county, Ohio, he began the practice of his profes¬ sion in Plymouth, Ohio, where he remained two years. Going then to what is now Quaker City, he continued there for five or six years, when he bought a farm lying two miles southwest of the village, and then, in addition to practising his profession in the village and the surrounding country, he also superintended the care of his farm for a number of years. In 1851 with his wife and seven children, the Doctor came to Indiana, going first with a team to Wheeling, thence by boat to Madison, Indiana, from there by train to Indianapolis, and then by teams to Perry township, arriving here October 20, 1851. The Doctor had previously bought land in sections nineteen and thirty, on each of which was a log house. He and his family moved into the one standing on section thirty, while his son-in-law, Albert Webster, assumed possession of the other one. Mr. Webster was the first blacksmith in Perry township, and until after the close of the Civil war the only one. About six acres of land had been cleared in section thirty, and four in the other section. The Doctor continued the practice of his profession here for about twenty-three years, being very successful, in the meantime having charge of the clearing and improving of his land. Removing to Staunton in 1868, he remained there two years, and then returned to Perry township, where he resided until his death, December 25, 1889.

Dr. Kester married Melinda Hartley, who was born in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, January 15, 1809. Her father, Mahlon Hartley, was born in Prince George county, Maryland, and moved from there to Bucks county, Pennsylvania, where he lived until 1818. Going then to Leatherwood township, Guernsey county, Ohio, he bought land, improved a farm, and utilized the natural water power by putting up a log building for a grist mill. In this he had two sets of burrs, grinding both corn and wheat, and also had a bolt for the flour. Being injured by a fall from a horse, he afterwards lived retired from active pursuits in Quaker City, dying there in 1844. The maiden name of Mr. Hartley's wife was Charity Scarborough. Dr. Kester's wife died the same year that he did, in 1889. Eleven children were born of.their union, and the following named grew to years of maturity: Mary, Mahlon, Abby, Ephraim W., Melissa, Phebe Ann and Charity.

Ephraim W. Kester lived in Ohio until about thirteen years old, and while there attended school several terms, having for his teachers Joseph Webster, Byron Cecil, Nathaniel Smith, Smith St. Clair, Hiram Hartley and Milton Squib. After coming to Indiana he attended school in both Vigo and Clay counties, among his instructors being George W. Brill, John Wyatt, Garrison Robinson, Hiram Hartley, Riley Thompson and George W. Teeters. His father had bought land at different times after coming here, acquiring title to four hundred acres, all of which had to be cleared, and in this labor he subsequently made himself quite useful as an assistant.

On October 8, 1861, Mr. Kester enlisted in Company D, Eleventh Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and with his command took part in many of the more important engagements of the Civil war, among them being the following battles : Fort Donelson, Pittsburg Landing, Corinth, Memphis, Helena, Arkansas, Fort Pemberton, Raymond, Port Gibson and Champion Hills. At the latter engagement Mr. Kester was cap¬ tured, and was kept a prisoner at Vicksburg until exchanged, about thirty days later. In the winter of 1863 and 1864 his regiment was made a part of Barnes' Battalion, non-veterans, which was attached to the Thirteenth Army Corps, and under command of General A. J. Smith, took part in all of the battles of the Red River expedition, being in Louisiana until July, 1864. Going then with his command to Virginia, Mr. Kester was located in the Shenandoah Valley, where he was in active service the most of the time until the expiration of his term of enlistment. He was honorably discharged August 30, 1864, near Win¬ chester, but was kept in active service in the valley until the following October, when he was mustered out at Harpers Ferry.

Returning to Perry township, Mr. Kester resumed farming on the old homestead, and has succeeded to its ownership. He is here carrying on general farming with excellent results, and has made improvements of great value, having set out many fruit trees, erected substantial build¬ ings, and placed the larger part of the land in a high state of culture, rendering his estate one of the best and most attractive in the neighborhood.

On January 10, 1866, Mr. Kester married Sarah S. Hixson, who was born in Perry township, Indiana, August 23, 1846, a daughter of John Hixson. Her grandfather, Amos Hixson, was born in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, of Scotch-Irish ancestors. In 1802 he moved to Clermont county. Ohio, becoming a pioneer of that state, and there fol¬ lowed his trade of a shoemaker winters and worked on the farm summers until 1834, when he journeyed with teams across the country to Indiana, bringing with him his family and all of his household effects. Entering eighty acres of government land in section nineteen, Perry township, he and his family lived in a tent or a wagon while he and, his sons built the hewed log house which is still standing on the place. Here he resided, engaging in farming, until his death, September 12, 1871. His wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Wolverton, died August 20, 1861. John Hixson was born in Clermont county, Ohio, September 16, 1806, and was there reared and married. He learned the carpenter's trade when young, and after coming to Indiana with the family helped to build his father's log house. Returning then to Ohio, he remained there until 1837, when, with his wife and children, he came to Perry township, entered one hundred and twenty acres of government land in sections seventeen and twenty, and with his family assumed possession of the log cabin standing on section seventeen. He was the first carpenter in the township, and for a number of years after coming here made all the coffins needed in this vicinity. He continued his residence here until his death, September 25, 1889. His wife, whose maiden name was Sarah Lindsay, was born in Clermont county, Ohio, in 1807, a daughter of Hezekiah Lindsay, who spent his last years in Clermont county, Ohio, moving there from Pennsylvania, his native state. His wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Laycock, died April 14, 1850.

Mr. and Mrs. Kester have reared six children, namely : Linna Leota, Phebe Melinda, Leo Zell, Nancy L., Rudolph B. and Floy A. Linna L. married Henry Miller, and they have nine children, Hattie, Mamie, Merle, Norma, Earett, Estelle, Lolia, Edgar and Netha. Their oldest daughter, Hattie Miller, married Ray Corbin and had two children, and their oldest child, Claude, died at the age of two years; Herbert Harold is living. Phebe Kester married Ennis L. Hamilton and they have five children, Leolia F., Verne R., Thelma R., Gerald V. and Ermal M. Nancy L. Kester married Earl D. Jackson, and they are the parents of five children, Cecil T., Herman, Hazel, Cora and Herbert H. Rudolph married Goldie Shaw, and they have one child, Dorothy. Floy A. Kester married William Jeffers, and has three children, Jewy L., Doris G. and William A. Politically Mr. Kester is a straightforward Republican, and religiously both he and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church at Cory, Indiana.

Albert F. Wall. - The commercial interests of Brazil find a worthy representative in Albert F. Wall, who is proprietor of a music store and is a valuable addition to the musical circles of the city. He was born in Beaufort, Wales, March 29, 1857, his parents being James and Jane (Briggs) Wall. The father was born in England, and the mothers birth occurred in Froome, that country. They were married in their native land and the father spent his entire life as a miner. On coming to the United States in 1884 he located at Carbon, Indiana, and after¬ ward removed to Harmony, where he resided for about five years. He next became a resident of Portland, Oregon, where he spent his last days. Throughout his entire life he was a devoted and faithful member of the Baptist church and in politics was a Republican with strong pro¬ hibition tendencies, for he was an ardent advocate of the cause of tem¬ perance, and did everything in his power to suppress the liquor traffic. L'nto Mr. and Mrs. Wall were born nine children, namely: Albert F., Frank, Edwin, Oliver, Rose, William, Emily, John and Francis.

ribbed country of Wales and afterward lived in Yorkshire, England, for some time. He was engaged in the music business at Sheffield until twenty-one years of age, when, attracted by the favorable reports which he heard concerning the new world and its opportunities, he resolved to try his fortune on this side the Atlantic. Accordingly he crossed the ocean in December, 1879, and located in Scranton, Pennsylvania, where he engaged in mining. In 1880 he removed to Pittsburg, where he also engaged in mining for a short time, after which he traveled west as far as St. Louis, also visiting Chicago and other parts of the country on a prospecting tour. He finally went to Carbon, Indiana, where he arrived with ten cents in his pocket. His financial condition rendering imme¬ diate employment a necessity, he soon secured a position with the Litch¬ field Coal Mining Company, working under Smith Tally. Later he removed to Harmony, where he engaged in mining and in 1882 he came to Brazil, where, changing the line of his occupation, he established a meat market and also began teaching music, following the profession for about two years. On the expiration of that period he established a music store and is still engaged in this business, where financial success has been achieved. He possesses much natural musical talent and has been a factor in promoting musical taste and culture in this city, becoming thus a valued addition to musical circles.

Pleasantly situated in his home life, Mr. Wall was married January 17, 1883, to Miss Sarah Arnold, who was born near Center Point, Clay county, Indiana, a daughter of John and Sarah Arnold, both of whom were natives of Germany but were married in Ohio. In the family were five children, three of whom are now living, Mrs. Wall, Celinda and Adam. Mr. Arnold came to America with his parents when a little lad, the family hoine being established in Ohio and later the family removed to Indiana. John Arnold in this state established his home near Center Point, Clay county, and entered land from the government at five dollars per acre. In the midst of the wilderness he built a log cabin and began clearing away the timber preparatory to developing the farm. Living here in pioneer times, he frequently secured wild game to replenish the larder and shot the last deer that was killed in Clay county, his son now having some of the rawhide from this deer. The death of Mr. Arnold occurred in 1881, when he was sixty-eight years of age, and his wife passed away in 1887, at the same age. They were consistent members of the United Brethren church and Mr. Arnold gave stalwart allegiance to the Republican party.

Mr. Wall belongs to Centennial Lodge, No. 541, A. F. and A. M. ; William Black Chapter, No. 80, O. E. S. ; Modern Woodmen Camp, No. 34; and the Home Defenders of America. His political allegiance is given to the Republican party and he also has strong prohibition tenden¬ cies, for he believes earnestly in the cause of temperance and does all in his power to promote its interests. He has been a factor in the work of the churches through his musical talent and skill. When seventeen years of age he was the chorister of the United Brethren church at Wombwell, Yorkshire, England, serving in that capacity for three years, at the end of which time he was presented by the church officers with a fine Bible containing the autograph of each. He was a local preacher of the First Methodist Episcopal church of Brazil for about ten years and was the first organist in the new Methodist Episcopal church and was choir leader there for fifteen years prior to the building of the new church.

lie has been chorister of the Sunday School since 1885, this being the second largest Sunday school in the United States, having about a thou¬ sand members, and the school is justly celebrated for the fine music rendered. While his efforts have been more particularly put forth in the line of musical culture, his influence is always found on the side of those interests which tend to promote intellectual, aesthetic and moral culture, and Brazil owes not a little to his influence in this direction.

James J. Bucki.in, secretary and treasurer of the Crawford Coal Company, was born in St. Louis, Missouri, September 10, 1844, his parents being James M. and Mary (Beckwith) Bucklin. The father was born in Rhode Island and died in Grcencastle, Indiana, at the age of eighty years. The mother was born in Kentucky and passed away near St. Louis, Missouri, at the comparatively early age of thirty-eight years. They were married in Louisville, Kentucky, and became the parents of seven children, but only two are now living, the elder being a daughter, Mary, who is the widow of George E. Keating and lives in Kokomo, Indiana.

The father of this family removed to Baltimore, Maryland, with his parents when only six years of age and was living in that city at the time of the siege of 1812. His father, John C. Bucklin, was in command of a company of soldiers during the siege and served with the rank of first lieutenant. He removed to Kentucky with Captain Bullett, a distin¬ guished pioneer resident of that state, and Alfred Bullett, of the same family, married the sister of Mrs. Mary Bucklin. John C. Bucklin also figured prominently in the new locality in which he located and was the first mayor of the city of Louisville. He aided in establishing its policy during its formative period and his labors were an element in laying the foundation for the present progress and prosperity of that city. James M. Bucklin, his son, became a civil engineer and was engaged on the con¬ struction of the Erie canal. He had charge of the interior improvements of the state of Illinois and laid out the city of Chicago in connection with Major William B. Ogden. He was chief engineer in charge of the surveying of the line of the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad in Missouri and was succeeded by J. T. K. Haywood, of Bangor, Maine. He sur¬ veyed a railroad along the Black river in Arkansas and was thus closely associated with the work of opening up the country and .advancing civilization. At length he retired and spent his last days in Greencastle, Indiana, enjoying a well earned rest. His early political support was given to the Whig party and after its dissolution he voted with the Democracy.

James J. Bucklin, whose name introduces this record, resided upon a farm near St. Louis, Missouri, until five years of age, when he lost his mother and went to live in Owen county, Indiana, with Alfred Bullett, whose wife was Mrs. Bucklin's aunt. He spent three years at their home, after which he became a resident of Hannibal, Missouri, where he resided until 1861. He then removed to Louisville, Kentucky, and in July, 1862, came to Indiana, where he engaged as telegraph operator with the Terre Haute & Indiana Railroad Company, now the Vandalia Rail¬ road Company. Mr. Bucklin served as agent and operator at Knightsville, Indiana, for seventeen years, his long connection with that office indicating clearly his ability and fidelity. In July, 1887, he resigned his position there and came to Brazil, where he engaged in the coal business with the Jackson Coal & Mining Company. He was with this company for two years, after which he engaged with the Crawford Coal Company and since 1904 has been secretary and treasurer. The company is now doing a substantial business in mining and shipping coal and the success of the enterprise is attributable in no small degree to the efforts of Mr. Bucklin.

On the 1st of March, 1868, occurred the marriage of Mr. Bucklin and Mary C. Fleming, who was born in Frederick, Maryland, in 1844, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Richard Fleming, whose family numbered six children, four sons and two daughters, of whom five are now living. Mr. Fleming was a farmer and stock dealer and gave his political support to the Democracy. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Bucklin has been born one child, Harry F., who is assistant cashier of the First National Bank of Brazil. He married Miss Edna Herr and they have two sons and two daughters.

James J. Bucklin gives his political allegiance to the Republican party, having always supported its principles since age conferred upon him the right of franchise. His business interests have brought him a wide acquaintance and while telegraph operator and station agent he was uniformly respected by reason of his unfailing courtesy and obliging manner. In his present position as secretary and treasurer of the Crawford Coal Company he is manifesting keen business ability and executive force leading to success in his chosen field of activity.

Melvin H. Young, M. D. - Prominent among the successful and skilful physicians of Van Buren township is Melvin H. Young, M. D., of Harmony, who has built up a large and lucrative practice in this part of Clay county, his professional knowledge and ability being recognized and appreciated throughout the community. The son of a physician, Dr. Will¬ iam L. Young, he was born, July 29, 1858, in Shelby county, Indiana. Thompson G. Young, the Doctor's grandfather, came from Tennessee to this state in pioneer days, locating at Saint Omer, Shelby county, where he followed his trade of a blacksmith during his active life. After his retirement he went to Brazil, and there spent his declining years.

In the days of his youth Dr. William L. Young learned the black¬ smith's trade in his father's shop, but never followed it to any extent. Desirous of entering upon a professional career, he began the study of medicine with Dr. Depew, of Sanford, and in 1865 was graduated from the Indiana Eclectic Medical College. He was subsequently located in dif¬ ferent places, including Old Highland, Vermilion county, and Edinburg, Johnson county, remaining in the latter place until his death, when but sixty-two years old. His wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Larison, was born in Perry township, of which her father, George Larison, was a pioneer. Three children born of their union grew to maturity, namely: Melvin H., the special subject of this brief sketch; Clarence, who died at the age of thirteen years, in Greenup, Illinois ; and Charles, a practising physician at Newberry, Greene county, Indiana.

Diligent and studious as a boy and youth, Melvin H. Young laid a substantial foundation for his future education in the public schools, after which he read medicine for a time with Dr. James at Cory. Subsequently attending lectures at the Medical College of Indiana, he was graduated from that institution with the class of 1892, and the ensuing six years was engaged in practice at Raglesville, Daviess county. In 1898 Dr. Young went to New York city and he took a post graduate course at the Post

Graduate Medical School, after which he entered the German Clinical School of New York, from which he was graduated. Thus ably fitted for the duties of his profession, the Doctor located in Harmony, and has remained here until the present time, having gained a large and lucrative general practice, his wide experience, natural talents and industry classing him among the most successful physicians of this part of the state.

Dr. Young married, in 1882, Mary E. Donham, who was born in Clay county, a daughter of Lewis and Sarah Donham, and they have one child, a daughter named Tillie E. The Doctor belongs to the Clay Countv Medical Association, to the Indiana State Medical Association and the American Medical Association. In additioh to these, he is a member of Moore Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons; of Clay Lodge No. 368, Independent Order of Odd Fellows ; of the Ancient Order of United Workmen ; and of Shasta Tribe No. 282, Improved Order of Red Men. Although taking no very active part in political matters, the Doctor was elected county coroner in the fall of 1906, and is still serving as such.

Beryl Scott Griffith. - A man of excellent business qualifications and ability, Beryl S. Griffith is actively identified with the industrial inter¬ ests of Clay county, being extensively engaged in the manufacture of pot¬ tery at Clay City. A son of the late Benjamin Griffith, he was born October 22, 1845, at the foot of Flint Ridge, near Zanesville, Muskingum county, Ohio. His grandfather, Benjamin Griffith, Sr., the descendant of Welsh ancestors, removed from West Virginia to Muskingum county, Ohio, where he spent the closing years of his life.

Benjamin Griffith, Jr., was born in Wheeling, West Virginia, and after removing with the family to Ohio learned the potter's trade, which he followed for some time in Muskingum county. He subsequently migrated to Illinois, traveling with teams and taking with him his family and all of his effects. Buying land in Clark county, he established a pot¬ tery which, in connection with farming, he operated for a number of years. On retiring from active business he removed to Marshall, and was there a resident until his death, February 28, 1884. He married Elizabeth George Stacy Holmes, who was bom in Virginia and died on the home farm in Clark county, Illinois, September 24, 1869. Her father, Nathaniel Holmes, was a plantation overseer in Virginia. He served as a soldier in the war of 1812, after which he received a land warrant for his services, and during his last years received a pension. Moving to Illinois, he was one of the early settlers of Edgar county, where he spent his last years. Benjamin and Elizabeth Griffith reared eight children, as follows: Eliza¬ beth Jane, Beryl Scott, Lucy Ann, Julius C., Catherine, Theodore Lincoln, Justus Hamlin and Mary M., the last named.

Five years of age when his parents removed to Illinois, Beryl S. Griffith was there brought up and educated. Beginning to assist in the home pottery when a boy of fifteen years, he learned the trade and con¬ tinued with his father until February, 1865. Enlisting then in Company G, One Hundred and Fifty-second Illinois Volunteer infantry, he went with his regiment to Tennessee, and served until after the close of the war, when, in September, 1865, he received his honorable discharge. Returning home, he resumed his former employment, continuing there two years. In 1867 Mr. Griffith removed to Vermilion, Edgar county, and was there engaged in the manufacture of pottery until 1876. In the fall of that year he settled as a potter in Clark county, Illinois, and there conducted a factory for nine years. In 1885 he came to Clay City, bring¬ ing with him the late Martin Crumrine, an experienced potter who had formerly worked for his father. On the place which he purchased there had been a pottery since 1844, when it was founded by Truman Smith and his son Ralph, who after operating it for twenty years had sold it to John Everhart. Mr. Smith also had a store here long before Clay City was established. Mr. Everhart did not run the potteries himself, but leased the property to other parties, who continued the business. Mr. Griffith bought out the interest of the Everhart heirs, replaced the buildings that were burned the August before he came here, erected a new dwelling house, and has since carried on an exceedingly prosperous manufacturing business.

On May 9, 1869, Mr. Griffith married Susan M. Shively, who was born in Elbridge township, Edgar county, Illinois, March 20, 1849. Her father, Armstead Shively, was born in Coshocton county, Ohio, and his father, William Shively, was born in Virginia, of Swedish ancestry. Will¬ iam Shively was a pioneer settler of Coshocton county and one of its earliest teachers. In the early forties he moved to Edgar county, Illinois, and in Elbridge township bought land covered with the virgin timber. He cleared the farm and resided there the remainder of his life. His wife, whose maiden name was Mary Brown, died on the home farm at an advanced age. A young man when he went to Edgar county, Illinois, Armstead Shively entered a tract of government land not far from his father's, and on it erected a small frame house. That being destroyed by fire soon after its erection he put up a hewed log house for the family residence. Clearing a homestead, he was there employed in agricultural pursuits until his death, September 6, 1898, at the age of seventy-seven years. He married Mary Laufman, who was born in Pennsylvania, which was also the birthplace of her parents, Jacob and Margaret (Keefer) Laufman. Mr. Laufman, who served as a soldier in the Black Hawk war, settled in Edgar county, Illinois, about 1840, and there established a tannery, the first one in that vicinity, and operated it for many years. He was a well educated man, and at different times taught school. Both he and his wife spent the remaining years of their lives on the Illinois farm. Mrs. Armstead Shively, the mother of Mrs. Griffith, died in June, 1902, aged seventy-five years, leaving six children, namely : Susan M., Emily, Mary, Cyrus, Olive and Bruce.

Five children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Griffith, namely: Ira, Myrtle, Gertrude, Mamie and Clyde. Ira, who married Musa Wells, was killed bv lightning May 20, 1902. Myrtle married Charles W. Knox. Gertrude is the wife of George Correll, and has two children, Floyd and Musetta. Messrs. Knox and Correll are engaged in business in Clay City, having as butchers and provision dealers built up a thriving trade. Mamie died at the early age of twenty years. Religiously Mrs. Griffith is a member of the United Brethren church, and Mr. Griffith is an Adventist.

Beryl Griffith is one of the pioneers of the county who has given it geniality, life and stability, and his reminiscences are well worth bringing into the printed page. When he was about eleven years of age, living with his parents in the backwoods of Clark county, Illinois, he was quite a skillful marksman at squirrels and the smaller game ; but at the age of twelve he craved something more exciting. So one morning he pre¬ vailed upon his father to lend him his gun, and, after receiving the most minute instructions about the carrying of the weapon, he started out with the dog on his first hunt alone. Before he had gone far he saw something rubbing its head on a bush, but, although he could not see it distinctly and was too small to level the gun without support, he placed his weapon on the limb of a sapling and pulled the trigger. Running up to his victime he found he had shot a fine two-year old buck and tried to cut its throat, in the approved hunters style ; but as he had only an old barley knife he could not cut through the hide, and therefore started for home on the run, leaving the dog to guard the game. His father would not credit his tale, and told him that, in his excitement, he had only seen a deer and imagined that he had shot it. To satisfy his curiosity, however, he went with Beryl, and was convinced. For several succeeding years he hunted deers, without success, until he made the discovery that in his excitement he always forgot to look through the hind sight of his gun and would therefore overshoot the game. When he had planted this pre¬ caution firmly in his mind he became a successful deer and turkey hunts¬ man.

Finally, when about seventeen years old, Beryl went hunting after a "dear," in the shape of a beautiful girl of thirteen - but that is another kind of a story, more interesting and just as exciting.

Beryl Griffith first met Susan Shively in the fall of 1862, at a "play party." Although he accompanied her home and it was "love at first sight," they did not meet again until the following summer and their friendship became stronger with their more frequent meetings during the following year. In the summer of 1864 the youth joined the Home Guards and the Union cause, his parents and relatives being also strong supporters of the north. The Shively family was as strong in the sup¬ port of the Confederacy - which made the courtship of the young people run anything but smoothly. The Big Creek boys also took sides in the matter and tried to prevent Beryl from seeing the girl. The Rhodes boys were especially threatening. While attending the Asbury church one Sunday, in the fall of 1864, the youthful lover was told by one of his friends that they had threatened to waylay him if he walked home with Susan that day. The plan of his enemies and rivals was to have one of the Rhodes boys slip up behind him, as the couple were passing through a thick woods, and strike him with a heavy club. Beryl, however, gave it out that, if the girl was willing, all the boys on Big Creek could not prevent them from walking together. Luckily, also, he had a sevenshooter in his pocket, and, after church, when he and Susan were walking along together with other couples he took the pains to pull it from his pocket, cock it and exhibit it for the special benefit of Jo Rhodes who was sauntering behind them, using an ugly looking club as a walking cane ; at the same time, the plucky youth looked over his shoulder at his would-be assailant. These actions had the desired effect. Arriving at the Shively home, he went in to spend a few hours, as was customary in those days, and about 11 o'clock at night started to return along a lonely three-mile road. One mile of the way was especially lonely and dark, and while walking along there he heard a noise which convinced him that the at¬ tack from the Rhodes faction was near at hand. With revolver in hand he rounded a turn in the road, but the cause of the disturbance passed in front of him in the shape of a wild deer and broke into the woods and darkness.

. But with the progress of the war and the increasing feeling of bit¬ terness between the sympathizers of north and south, the split between the Griffith and the Shively families got wider and wider, with the natural result of threatening to part the young lovers. The Knights of the Golden Circle, composed of the most rabid of those who sympathized with the Secession movement, were holding their meetings, drilling and other¬ wise upholding their cause, threatening all with violence who did not agree with them. The rupture even spread into Asbury church, Stiles Brown, one of its prominent members, reading himself out of the church and into the Golden Circle. Beryl himself had an experience which showed the very bitter feeling which the sight of the Union blue aroused in this element of Big Creek. With three other young men of this par¬ ticular neighborhood he attended a party about four miles away, and two of his companions wore blue pants. Knowing that he went with a Democratic girl, the Copperheads, as the southern sympathizers were called, decided that no "wearers of the blue," or those who were their friends, should be tolerated. So about twenty-five men and boys got together and drove the Unionists away from the place. To save their lives, they naturally took leg bail. After this Beryl bought a revolver, both to protect himself and make it possible for him to see his Democratic girl. His love affair had now reached a climax ; for all of Susan's uncles and aunts objected, and her grandfather told her that if she married Beryl she should never come in his house. During the latter part of 1864 and the early part of 1865 the last great battles of the Civil war were being fought, and the climax of the Rebellion was also approaching. Some of the Knights of the Golden Circle and other hot Democrats were going to Canada to escape being drafted into the Union army, but Beryl himself enlisted in its ranks. It was a trying time for the young lovers and it was with a determined spirit, but a heavy heart, that the youth bid his sweetheart and his parents goodbye and left to take the train for Terre Haute and the southern battlefields.

Mr. Griffith was sworn into the service at Olney, Illinois, thence went to Camp Butler and served until the conclusion of the war in south¬ ern Tennessee. He returned to his home in poor health and about a month afterward, as he was busying himself around the farm, he heard someone chopping trees a short distance off, and, thinking some of his friendly neighbors were hunting coons, started off to investigate. When he arrived on the ground, he came face to face with his old enemies, the Rhodes boys. They were sturdy youths and he was still weak from his army life, without even a penknife for defense. But the boys were friendly and, after felling the tree and capturing the coon, invited Beryl to go further into the woods and join the hunt. Beryl told them his con¬ dition and they offered him their horse, which he accepted, thinking that if they meant him harm he would be safer on the back of a horse than afoot. But it appears that old scores were really wiped out ; for the boys walked beside the horse, went two or three miles further into the woods and finally brought up at Beryl's home. Ever afterward they were on the best of terms.

But he had not yet seen Susan, and, as he had only received one letter from her during his year's absence, he was anxious to know how she felt toward him. Although he met her soon after at church he did not have an opportunity to approach the subject and for the succeeding year her relatives did all they could to keep the lovers apart. They had not forgotten. For the first half year after his return from the army the young couple met only a few times, but in the fall of '66, with the wearing away of the bitter war hatred, their affairs also commenced to improve. The words were at length said which resulted in the longdesired betrothal and the marriage occurred May 9, 1869. But although Susan Shively became the wife of Beryl Griffith, she remained loyal to the Democratic party until the panic of 1893, *n the Cleveland admin¬ istration, when she joined her husband also in politics. After their mar¬ riage they visited Mrs. Griffith's grandfather, who had threatened that if the union occurred the wife should never set foot in his house, and were most cordially received by the old gentleman ; so the story can end as one of the old-fashioned kind, "and they lived happily ever afterward."

John William Stallcop. - Among the representative agriculturists of Van Buren township is John W. Stallcop, a skilful and experienced farmer, who through his industry and good judgment has achieved suc¬ cess in his labors, his well-tilled land giving evidence of the wise labor bestowed upon it. The son of an Indiana pioneer, Thompson Elias Stall¬ cop, he was born in this township December 13, 1849. His grandfather, William Stallcop, moved from Virginia, supposedly his native state, to Kentucky, from there coming in pioneer times to Clay county. This was in 1828. One of the original settlers of Van Buren township, he took up government land and began the improvement of a homestead, but did not complete it, his death occurring within a few years. His wife survived him and married for her second husband John Pell. By his marriage William Stallcop had four children, as follows: Wilson, Thompson Elias, Robert and Ellen.

Thompson Elias Stallcop, but a boy when he came with his parents to this township, was reared to agricultural pursuits. When a young man he went to Johnson county, and while there wooed and won the love of a young maiden, whom he brought as a bride to Van Buren township. Settling on the west half of the southeast quarter of section nine, on the eighty acres of land which had come *to him by inheritance, he built the log cabin in which the subject of this sketch was born. He was an earnest tiller of the soil, kept sheep and raised flax, and his wife, in addition to her other domestic duties, carded, spun and wove the material from which she made garments for the family. Applying himself diligently, he cleared a part of the land before his death, which occurred from typhoid fever while he was yet in manhood's prime, being but thirty-five years old. He married Mary Jennings, a native of Johnson county, and by her had three children, Margaret, John W. and Chauncey. His wife married for her second husband John C. Stallcop, and they had three children, Frances* Louisa Arabelle and Elizabeth.

The log schoolhouse in which John W. Stallcop obtained his early education was very primitive in its construction and equipments, having a puncheon floor, plain slab benches and no desks, the pupils writing upon a board set against the side of the room. When not in school, and that was the larger half of the time, he assisted in the farm labors, and has always been actively associated with the agricultural progress of this part of the state. At the time of his marriage he settled on his present farm, on which from year to year he has added valuable improvements. He has placed his land under a good state of cultivation, erected a set of frame buildings, planted fruit and shade trees, and furnished the homestead with all the machinery required by the successful agriculturist of to-day.

Mr. Stallcop married, at the age of twenty-two years, Susan Mitchell. She was bom in Parke county, Indiana, where her parents, Isaac and Ann (Culver) Mitchell, natives of New Jersey, were pioneers. She passed to the higher life September 9, 1889. Mr. Stallcop married for his second wife, September 13, 1893, Elizabeth Alice Bruner, who was born and bred in Van Buren township, a daughter of John Bruner. Henry Bruner, Mrs. Stallcop's grandfather, was one of the pioneers of Putnam county. He afterwards moved to Parke county, there improved a farm which he occupied for several years, and then returned to Putnam county, locating at Greencastle, where he lived retired until his death at an advanced age. His wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Phillips, died at the same hour that he did and was buried in the same grave. John Bruner was born in Parke county, and during his entire life was employed in agri¬ cultural pursuits, following his chosen vocation in both Parke and Clay counties. He died when but forty years old in Parke county. The maiden name of his wife, mother of Mrs. Stallcop, was Margaret McMillan. She was born in Van Buren township, a sister of the wife of William S. Pell, whose sketch appears elsewhere in this biographical work. John Bruner and his wife were consistent Christians and devoted members of the Methodist Episcopal church. In the early days, before the erection of church edifices, the mother of J. W. Stallcop would every Saturday after¬ noon take apart and stow away her loom to make room for the neighbors who assembled in their log cabin home for religious worship.

By his first marriage Mr. Stallcop had three children, Robert, Minnie and Edgar, and by his second marriage he has one son, Raymond. Robert married Mamie Hecox, and they have one daughter, Freda Elizabeth. Minnie, wife of Samuel Bolin, has two children, Minnie and Mabel. Fraternally Mr. Stallcop is a member of Carbon Lodge No. 693, Inde¬ pendent Order of Odd Fellows, and religiously both he and his wife belong to the United Brethren church.

Raymond Arthur English. - Noteworthy for his keen intelligence and for his professional knowledge and skill, is Raymond Arthur English, of Clay City, a well-known and popular dental surgeon, who keeps him¬ self well informed in regard to the discoveries and improvements being constantly made in this very important branch of surgery, and is meet¬ ing with excellent success in his profession. A native of Indiana, he was born May 6, 1881, in Worthington, Greene county. His father, Dr. James Douglas English, a successful dentist, was born in Sullivan county, Indiana, a .son of Jared Parish English.

Reared to manhood in the city of his birth, Raymond Arthur English was there educated, being graduated from the Worthington High School in Greene county with the class of 1900. Being attracted toward the dental profession when young, he began the study of dentistry in his father's office before leaving school, and after receiving his diploma con¬ tinued his studies until admitted to partnership with his father in Worth¬ ington, Indiana. Subsequently, on November 24, 1903, Dr. English came to Clay City in search of a favorable location, and on December 17, 1903, registered in the county, taking up the business here established by his father when Clay City was organized. In the pursuit of his chosen voca¬ tion he has labored faithfully, and by close attention to his professional duties has succeeded in building up a large and lucrative practice in this vicinity.

On July 31. 1904, Dr. English married Nellie A. Slinkard, who was l>orn in Newberry, Greene county, Indiana, a daughter of Andrew Pierce and Josephine (Arnold) Slinkard. Two children have been born of their union, namely: Josephine Dorcas, who died in infancy; and Crystal Evelyn, born July 28, 1907. Fraternally the Doctor is a member of Worthington Camp No. 3284, Modern Woodmen of America. Relig¬ iously, true to the faith in which he was brought up, he is a member of the Presbyterian church, and Mrs. English is a Lutheran.

John Ewing Thomas. - Noteworthy among the highly respected and esteemed citizens of Rowling Green, Clay county, is John Ewing Thomas, an ex-soldier of the Civil war. He is a man of undisputed integrity, and during his long residence in this part of the county has won the confidence and good will of his fellow-men in a marked degree and is eminently worthy of the regard in which he is held. A son of Oswald Thomas, he was born May 1, 1839, in Rowling Green, coming from pioneer stock.

Coming with hL parents to Indiana from Kentucky, Oswald Thomas lived first near Vincennes, where his father entered a tract of timbered land. The family soon after moved to Spencer, Indiana, and from there coming to Clay county, making their wav through the dense forest by blazing the trees that frequently obstructed their pathway. Settling on the river bottom, he assisted his father in the hard labor of clearing a farm, residing with his parents until his marriage. He then located in Bowling Green, where he built several houses, one being of brick, and was there a resident until his death, June 9, 1857. Oswald Thomas mar¬ ried Mahala Boothe, who was born in Harrison county, Indiana, where her father, Thompson Boothe, spent the later years of his life. She was a granddaughter, it is believed, of Lawrence Boothe, a boatman on the Ohio river. He was quite a character in his day and well known along the river. He had a sort of basket, called a Peck Piggin, which was filled with gold and silver. This, it is supposed, he buried on his farm in either Harrison or Warren counties, but he neglected to tell where before his death, and it has never been found. Mrs. Oswald Thomas survived her husband, dying in September, 18 88. She reared nine children, of whom three daughters and two sons are now living, John Ewing, and another son has not been heard from in ten years.

Assisting his father in subduing the forest and placing the land in cultivation, John Ewing Thomas remained beneath the parental roof until after the breaking out of the Civil war. Being intensely patriotic, he enlisted June 7, 1861, in the Fourteenth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, under command of Colonel Nathan Kimball. He served in West Virginia one year, and was then transferred with his regiment to the Army of the Potomac. As a soldier he was very faithful in the discharge of his duties, and during the entire period of his enlistment was never absent from his company at roll call. He participated in all of the engagements of his regiment, and with his command was honorably discharged from the service June 18, 1864. Returning immediately to Bowling Green, Mr. Thomas had charge of his mother's farm until 1868, the estate being inside of the corporation. From March, 1868, until November, 1868, he lived on another farm, but since that time has been a resident of Bowling Green, having four acres of land within its corporate limits.

Rees. Her grandfather, Rees Rees, was born and bred in Wales. Her maternal grandparents were Isaiah and Christina (Runyon) Justus, the grandfather being of Irish descent, while his wife was of Welsh stock. Four children blessed the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas, namely: William K., who died in 1886, aged twenty years; Shallum M., who died in 1867, aged seven years; Mary Belle, wife of Robert Bohanon, of Terre Haute, who is employed in the Government service; and Harry H., engaged in the grocery business at Terre Haute. Fraternally Mr. Thomas is a member of Clay Lodge No. 85, A. F. & A. M., of Bowling Green. Religiously he belongs to the United Brethren church. For his excellent service as a soldier in the Civil war Mr. Thomas receives a pension of twenty-five dollars a month.

William S. Gard. - Widely known throughout Perry township as a man of enterprise, ability and intelligence, William S. Gard is actively identified with its business interests as the leading general merchant of the village of Cory. A native of Clay county, he was born October 6, 1866, in Jackson township. His father, Lorenzo D. Gard, was born in 1842 in Union county, Indiana, a son of Aaron and Phebe (Nelson) Gard, of whom a brief personal history may be found elsewhere in this volume in connection with the sketch of Jacob Nelson Gard.

A young boy when his parents moved from Union to Owen county, Lorenzo D. Gard there grew to manhood. After his marriage he came to Clay county, and for a time resided in Jackson township. He after¬ wards spent a few years in Owen county, but subsequently returned to Clay county and bought in Perry township eighty acres of land. A small tract had been cleared, and a log cabin had been previously erected. Hard working and persevering, he succeeded in clearing the land, and in due course of time put up a good set of frame buildings, and on the home¬ stead that he improved spent the remainder of his days, passing away in March, 1906, at the age of sixty- four years. He married Nancy J. Wiley, a daughter of Robert and Sarah Wiley, natives, respectively, of North Carolina and Virginia. She preceded him to the life beyond, dying in March, 1898, aged fifty-six years. Of the children born of their union, six grew to mature life, as follows: William S., Effie E., Charles M., Edna J., Harvey and Myrtie M.

An ambitious, studious lad, fond of his books, William S. Gard taught school four terms after leaving the district schools, and then further advanced his education by an attendance at the Union Christian College at Merom, and at the Central Normal School at Danville. Resuming his profession he taught six terms in Perry township, one in Jackson town¬ ship, and nine in Sugar Ridge township, six of them being at Center Point. Locating at Cory in 1904, Mr. Gard embarked in mercantile pursuits, and in his store, which is one of the largest mercantile establishments in this part of Clay county, he carries a large and well selected stock, which includes almost everything demanded by the up-to-date housewife. An accommodating man, pleasant to deal with, he has built up an excellent patronage, and is carrying on a successful trade.

In 1889 Mr. Gard married Laura E. Barber, who was born in Perry township, a daughter of William White and Sarah (Gilbert) Barber, of whom a brief sketch appears on another page of this work. Mr. and Mrs. Gard have two children, namely: Ernest and Ethel. Fraternally Mr. Gard is a member of Center Point Lodge No. 597, A. F. & A. M. ; of

Clear Creek Lodge No. 449, I. O. O. F. ; and is a member of the Cory Encampment No. 326, and of Center Point Knights of Pythias Lodge No. 209. Mrs. Card belongs to the Orders of the Eastern Star, to the Daughters of Rebekah and to the Pocahontas. Religiously both Mr. and Mrs. Card are members of the United Brethren church. Politically Mr. Card is a stanch Republican, and since casting his presidential vote for Benjamin Harrison has been an active worker in the party. He has been a member of the County Central Committee, and in the spring of 1908 was the party's candidate for township trustee.

Daniel W. Hays. - It is seldom a man passes from life leaving so honorable a record and so sweet a memory as did Daniel W. Hays, who was born in Darke county, Ohio, November 21, 1820, and died January 23, 1906, in Brazil, when in the eighty-sixth year of his age. He was everywhere spoken of in terms of admiration and respect, but his many good qualities of heart and mind won him the sincere and abiding love of the great majority of those with whom he came in contact. His example was indeed one well worthy of emulation and his memory will be cherished for years by all who knew him while he was yet a factor in life's activities.

Mr. Hays was a son of James and Sarah (Woodmancy) Hays, both of whom were natives of Ohio. The father removed westward to Indiana at an early day, settling in Clay county, where he followed the occupation of farming for a long period. He was everywhere known as Judge Hays, and was a man respected and honored by all with whom he came in contact. His death occurred in Covington, Parke county.

Brought to Indiana in early life, Daniel W. Hays was reared amid the wild scenes and environments of the frontier and early became familiar with all of the pioneer experiences. At that day the homes of the settlers were largely built of logs, the cabins were small, making quarters crowded, but there was no time when the house was so full that it could not extend cordial hospitality to friend and neighbor. Cooking was largely done over the old time fire place and the meat for many a meal was secured by the huntsman, who found good opportunity to exercise his skill, for there were still large herds of deer and many wild turkeys and other game in the forests. Mr. Hays shared in the hard¬ ships and privations of pioneer life and in the arduous toil of developing a new farm. Having arrived at years of maturity he was married to Miss Elizabeth Grimes, and following her death he married Miss Elvira Kennedy, on the 2d of February, 1854. She was born in Parke county, Indiana, April 28, 1829, and was a daughter of William and Sarah (Russell) Kennedy. The father was born in Pennsylvania and died at Center Point, Clay county, Indiana, at the age of eighty years. The mother was born in Ireland and died near Brazil, Indiana, on the 26th of April, 1863, when seventy-six years of age. They were married in Pennsylvania but came to the middle west at an early day and cast in their lot with the pioneer settlers of Parke county, Indiana, Mr. Kennedy carrying on farming both in Parke and Clay counties. The family were members of the Methodist Episcopal church. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Hays were six in number. Julia E., the eldest, is now the wife of J. M. Russell, a resident of Amarillo, Texas. Cyrus K. married Anna Grimes, and is now living in Columbia, South Dakota. James W. mar¬ ried Lillie Groves and is living in Spokane, Washington. Ermina Jane is the wife of Blair S. McNutt, a resident of Brazil. Sadie V. is also living in Brazil and Cora E. is the wife of Harry R. Williams, a resident of Kansas City.

After some years' identification with general agricultural pursuits in this state Mr. Hays engaged in the flour milling business for a number of years at Center Point, Clay county. He then resumed the work of the fields and carried on general farming in Sugar Ridge township until 1899, when he came to Brazil and here lived retired. He was a member of the school board in Sugar Ridge township for a long period and the cause of education found in him a stalwart advocate. In early life he belonged to the Christian church but afterward became a member of the United Brethren, and after coming to Brazil joined the Presbyterian church and lived a most upright, honorable life. He was one of those who voted the Free Soil ticket when that party placed a presidential can¬ didate in the field. Finding that there had been no steps toward placing a Free Soil ticket in the field in this county, Mr. Hays wrote to George W. Julian, congressman from the third Indiana district, for tickets. He received four hundred and Mr. Hays saw to it personally that two hundred were distributed in this county and two hundred were sent to his brother in Montgomery county. There were only eleven votes cast for the party in this county and among those who voted the ticket were Mr. Hays, his brother, his brother-in-law, his father-in-law and his son. Mr. Hays believed that the Free Soil movement gave birth to the Repub¬ lican party and that the principles of the Free Soil party were the prin¬ ciples endorsed in the first platform of the Republican party. He there¬ fore became a stalwart supporter of the latter. He said in his later years that he loved his country next to his life and his party with an equal affection. He believed it to be on the right side of every question excepting that touching the liquor traffic, for Mr. Hays was always a firm temperance advocate. In fact his influence was always on the side of right, progress, reform and improvement. Perhaps no words could better close this brief review of the life of an honored man than the tribute written by his old time friend, William Travis, who said: "The sense of duty moves me to write briefly, at least, a feeble tribute of respect to the memory of Daniel W. Hays, who passed over the border between the living and the dead on the 23d of January, 1906. It was my good fortune and pleasure to know him intimately during the latter half of his useful and exemplary life. I have known and associated with many good men, but none whose companionship, friendship and counsel were more appreciated and helpful than his. In him there was no guile, nor shadow of turning aside from right and duty. His every day life reflected the true Christian character. In his relations with his fellowmen and in his treatment of his neighbor he never lost sight of the prin¬ ciple of the Golden Rule. He had the courage of his convictions at all times and under all circumstances. In him the cause of popular educa¬ tion. the promotion of morals and the improvement and advancement of society had an earnest, devoted and substantial supporter. During the years of my school work at Center Point he was ever vigilant in behalf of the cause and contributed liberally to my success. Then it was that a mutual interest and attachment sprang up between us which was never broken nor even marred, notwithstanding our difference of opinions on vital current questions of the day. Were I at any time in need of aid and encouragement, he did not wait to be asked but came voluntarily to my relief. Though of no pretensions nor ostentation, Daniel W. Hays was a man of heart and mind clean and fragrant with love and sympathy for humanity and every work which promises the regeneration and elevation of the race, individually and collectively. Xo monument of marble nor granite is needed to perpetuate his memory."

Silas Foi'Lkk. - The name of Foulke is very ancient, most of the original members of the name being doubtless of Welsh extraction. From a genealogy of the Foulke family, compiled by Edwin Rhodes Booth, member of both the Historical and Genealogical Societies of Pennsyl¬ vania, we make the following extracts : Table one shows the descent of the family from the ancient British kings, beginning with Glowyw Glwad, Lydan king, and founder of the city of Caer Glow, or Gloucester, thence through the great \ ortigern, elected king of Britain in 425, A. D., who espoused Seveira, daughter of the Roman emperor, Maximus Magnus, who was beheaded in the year 388, A. D., to Brochmel Ysgythrog. This Brochmel Ysgythrog, king of Rowys and prince of Chester, was slain while battling against the Saxons on the banks of the Dee, in 612, A. D. The line was continued through one of his lineal descendants, Sir Griffith Vaughn, who was created Knight Banneret at the Battle of Agemount, thence through his daughter Anne, who married Levan Vychan, of Llanu-wch-v-lynn, Edward Foulke, the emigrant ancestor, being a descendant in the eighth generation from the above mentioned Anne (Vaughn) Vychan.

Tables three and four trace the descent of the said Edward Foulke from Roderick the Great (Roderig Mawr), King of all Wales in the year 843. Table five shows his descent, and that of his wife, from Cunelda Wledig, a noted chieftain of the fifth century. Table six traces his descent from Maelog, crown chief of the Seventh Noble Tribe of Wales, and from Llywarch, Prince of the Strath Clyde Britons, and a noted lord of the seventh century. Table seven gives his line of descent the Saxon, Norman, German, Castillian and Scottish houses of the eleventh century. Table eight gives the descent of Edward and Eleanor, his wife, from William de Braose, Lord of the House of Braose, or Brieuze, in Normandy; from Milo Fitzwalter, earl of Hereford; and from William Marshall, elder earl of Pembroke, who was elected Regent of England upon the death of King John; and from the Mortimers, barons of Wigmore, including the celebrated Roger, first Earl of March.

Edward Foulke, the founder of the American branch of the Foulke family, was a descendant in the tenth generation of Madock Risid Blaid, of the Poole, who was Lord of Peneline, one of the northern divisions of Wales, the line of descent being as follows: Madock (1), Jerwerth (2), Madock (3), Griffith (4), Evan Vaughn (5), David (6), David (7), Robert (8), Thomas (9), and Edward (10). The mother of Ed¬ ward (10) Foulke was before her marriage a Miss Lowry, and a descendant in the fifth generation from Robert, of the parish of Lanoer, in Marienilt, the line being Robert (1), Ellis (2), David (3), Edward (4), and - Lowry (5).

Edward (10) Foulke, who became Edward (1) Foulke after coming to this country, was born in Wales May 13, 1851. He married Eleanor, daughter of Hugh, son of Cadwallder, son of Reese, of the parish of Spitue, in Denbyshire. Eleanor's mother was Given, daughter of Ellis, son of Hugh, son of William, son of Hugh, son of Thomas, son of

David, son of Madock, son of Evan, son of Colt, son of Evan, son of Griffith, son of Maddock, son of Enein, son of Meredith, son of Comadock. Eleanor was born in the same parish and shire that her husband, Edward (1) Foulke, was. In 1698 Edward (1) Foulke and his wife came to America, sailing from Liverpool in the ship Robert and Elizabeth, and on July 5 of that year landed in Philadelphia. From this ancestor Silas Foulke is a descendant in the sixth generation, the line being thus traced: Edward (1), Hugh (2), Samuel (3), Judah (4), John (5), and Silas (6).

Edward (1) Foulke bought seven hundred acres of land lying about sixteen miles from Philadelphia, and named the township Greyned, or North Wales. In that locality he and his wife spent their remaining days, and there several generations of his descendants spent their entire lives. He was a Quaker in his religion, and on account of his sturdy opposition to bloody strife left home and friends and gave up royalty, coming to this country to enjoy the peace to which he was entitled. His grandson, Samuel Foulke, was also a Quaker, and reared his family in that faith. On account of his religious belief he took no active part in the Revolutionary war, but he furnished supplies for the Continental army and was in sympathy with the colonists. The maiden name of his wife was Ann Greasely.

Judah (4) Foulke migrated from Pennsylvania to Ohio in 1818, making the removal with teams. Settling in Guernsey county, he became a pioneer of Leatherwood township, where he purchased a tract of timber, from which he hewed a farm. Erecting a house of hewed logs, which is now standing, he was there employed in farming for many years, and until his death, at the advanced age of eighty-six years, lived in the log cabin that he built. He married Sarah McCarthy, who died on the homestead in Guernsey county.

John (5) Foulke was about a year old when his parents moved to Ohio. Growing to manhood in Guernsey county, he learned the cooper's trade from his father, and there followed it for a number of years. In 1852, with his wife and five children, he came to Indiana, making the tedious journey with teams, and arrived in Perry township, Clay county, in November of that year. He purchased a tract of land in section twenty-nine, and the twenty acres that were cleared and a small log house constituted the sole improvements that had been previously made on the place. Working at his trade, he made flour barrels and lard kegs, which he sold in Bowling Green and Terre Haute, taking them to those places with teams. After a few years of work as a cooper he turned his attention to agriculture, and was engaged in general farming until his death, April 17, 1878. He married Sarah Hartley, who was born in eastern New Jersey July 13, 1818, and died July 31, 1901, in Clay county, Indiana. Her father, David Hartley, a native of New Jersey, moved to Noble county, Ohio, about 1820, bought land, improved a farm, and the house which he there built is still standing. He was a Quaker in religion, and at his death, at a ripe old age, his body was laid to rest in the Quaker cemetery, while his wife, whose maiden name was Phebe Parks, was buried in the Methodist Episcopal churchyard. John (5) Foulke and his wife reared six of their eight children, namely: Silas, David H., Edwin A., William P., Phebe Ann, and Mary.