Clay County, Indiana - The whole text, 1909 (part 2 of 21)

Elias S. Holliday, the third in order of birth, spent the first twelve years of his life upon the home farm in Dearborn county, Indiana, and then accompanied his parents on their removal to Missouri. They located in the northern part of the state, where they resided for about two years, and then took up their abode in Iowa, so that E. S. Holliday pursued his education successively in the schools of Indiana, Missouri and Iowa to the age of sixteen years, when he began teaching. As an instructor he was connected with the public schools of the middle west until June, 1861. when in response to the country's call for aid he offered his services to the government, enlisting in Company F, Fifth Regiment of Kansas Volunteers. When this command was mustered into the service at Fort Leavenworth. Kansas, his company became Company K of the Tenth Kansas Infantry and with that band of brave men he remained until mustered out at Fort Leavenworth on the 12th of August, 1864, having served for more than three years. The regiment largely did duty on the frontier and with his command Mr. Holliday partici¬ pated in the battles of Prairie Grove, Kane Hill and others, including engagements with the hostile Indians. He was mustered out with the rank of orderly sergeant and returned north with a most creditable mili¬ tary record, having been fearless and unfaltering in the discharge of the duty assigned him as a soldier of the Union.

After being mustered out Mr. Holliday became a resident of Jen¬ nings county, Indiana, and resumed the profession of teaching. He also attended school as opportunity offered, acquiring a partial aca¬ demic education, this course being made possible through his own labor, which provided the funds necessary for expenses while in college. Becoming imbued with the desire to engage in the practice of law, he made preparation for the bar as a student in the law office of John Overmyer of North Vernon, Jennings county, Indiana, a partner of the firm of Overmyer & Overmyer. He continued his reading as opportunity offered and defrayed his expenses by teaching school at intervals. In March, 1873, he successfully passed the examination that secured his admission to the bar and immediately afterward entered upon the prac¬ tice of law in Carbon, Clay county, where he remained until November, 1874. Seeking a still broader field of labor, he then came to Brazil, where he has since engaged in practice. He has won for himself very favorable criticism for the careful and systematic methods which he has followed. He has remarkable powers of concentration and application and his retentive mind has often excited the surprise of his professional colleagues. He ranks high in the discussion of legal matters before the court, where his comprehensive knowledge of the law is manifest, while his application of legal principles demonstrates the wide range of his professional acquirements. The utmost care and precision characterizes his preparation of a case and has made him one of the most successful attorneys in Clay county.

Mr. Holliday has also been called before the public in official capaci¬ ties and has ever been found loyal to the trust reposed in him. In 1877 he was elected mayor of Brazil and received public endorsement of his administration in a re-election in 1879. Eight years passed and he was once more chosen the chief executive of the city and, as before, gave a public-spirited, businesslike administration, characterized by reform, progress and substantial improvement. In 1883 he was chosen to serve on the school board and in 1884 was elected city attorney of Brazil. Offi¬ cial honors other than of a local character, however, have been conferred upon him and he is now serving for his fourth consecutive term in con¬ gress, having been first elected to represent his district in the fifty-seventh congress. In 1884 he was an elector on the Blaine ticket and went down with the balance of the ticket. In the halls of national legislation he has proved himself an able working member, connected with much important constructive work done in the committee rooms.

On the 5th of March, 1873, Mr. Holliday was married to Miss Lina Gregg, who was born in Bartholomew county, Indiana, a daughter of Aaron and Isabelle (Winn) Gregg, both of whom were natives of Frank¬ lin county, Indiana. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Holliday have been born three sons : John G., Albert E. and Eugene A. They have also reared an adopted daughter, Ruth, now the wife of John G. Bryson, and they have two grandsons.

Mr. Holliday is prominent socially, belonging to Brazil Lodge. No. 264, A. F. & A. M., to Brazil Lodge, Xo. 7B2, B. P. (). E., and to Gen¬ eral Canbv Post, Xo. 2, G. A. R., to the teachings of which he is most loyal. He is a valued member of the Presbyterian church and his social qualities have won for him the warm devotion of many personal friends. On the political stage, such is his popularity and such his personal mag¬ netism, that his appearance to address the people is a signal for tumul¬ tuous enthusiasm. His is a sturdy American character and a stalwart patriotism and, having the strongest attachments for our free institu¬ tions, he is ever willing to make any necessary personal sacrifice for their preservation.

Flavius J. Brilky. - A life-long resident of Lewis township, and one of its most successful agriculturists, Flavius J. Briley has been an interested witness of the various changes that have here taken place, watching with delight the gradual transformation of the heavily tim¬ bered land into a rich and productive farming region, and has aided by every means within his power its growth and advancement. Having, seemingly, inherited a desire for knowledge, he has always been an intel¬ ligent reader, analyzing each subject as he read and forming opinions of his own, so that even as a young man he was always prepared to talk on any topic, and ably defend his convictions in a debate. He was born in this township, June 30, 1850, a son of Rev. Dr. Absalom Briley, who had the distinction of being the first white child born in Lewis township, his birth occurring here, February 21, 1823. He is descended from one of the very early settlers of Indiana, his great-grandfather, James Bri¬ ley, having settled in Crawford county in the early part of the last cen¬ tury. As an extensive dealer in horses and cattle, he made frequent trips South, on his last trip being intercepted by his hired man, and murdered for his money.

James Briley, the grandfather of Flavius J., was very young when brought from South Carolina, his native state, to Crawford county, this state. He was of Scotch descent, and had the same habits of industry, thrift and perserverance that characterized his ancestors. Coming to Clay county soon after his marriage, he entered a tract of Government land in section ten, on the bank of the Eel river, in Lewis township, and there built the log cabin in which his son Absalom was born. Several years later, he bought another tract in the same township, and was there profitably employed in farming and stock raising and dealing until his death, at a venerable age. To him and his good wife, who passed to the life beyond before he did, five children were born, namely: Absalom, Betsey, John, Mary, and Stephen.

Reared in early pioneer days, before public schools had here been established, Absalom Briley availed himself of every opportunity to obtain knowledge, and, having been converted while yet a youth, subse¬ quently became a preacher in the LJnited Brethren church, laboring in his ministerial work in various places in Indiana and Illinois. In the mean¬ time his family lived, mostly, on the farm which he had improved, in Lewis township, Indiana, although for a short time they were with him in Illinois. He made his circuit, which was a large one, on horseback, being out in all kinds of weather, and through exposure his health failed, his lungs becoming weak, and rheumatism causing him much suffering. He then turned his attention to the study of medicine, and for many years was both a successful physician and a zealous worker in the Mas¬ ter's vineyard, continuing active until his death, October 12, 1892.

Rev. Absalom Briley was twice married. His first wife, whose maiden name was Alary Carroll, was born November 15. 1824, and died in 1848. Fie married second, in 1849, Martha Stewart. She was born, June 7, 1829, jn Crawford county, Illinois, a daughter of John and Lucinda (Young) Stewart. Her paternal grandfather, Thomas Stewart, emigrated from Scotland, his native country, to America, becoming a pioneer of Kentucky, where he spent his remaining years. Aligrating from Kentucky to Illinois, John Stewart was one of the early settlers of Crawford county. After living there a few years, he came with his family to Clay county, Indiana, settling in Lewis township, where he purchased from the Government the land now owned and occupied by his grandson, Flavius J. Briley, and on the homestead that he improved from the wilderness lived until his death. John Peter Young, father of Lucinda Young, and great-grandfather of Mr. Briley, was born in Ger¬ many, but as a young man emigrated to the United States, fought with the Colonists throughout the Revolutionary war, taking an active part in the Battle of Bunker Hill, and at the close of the struggle settling in Nelson county, Kentucky, where he remained until his death. Bv his first mar¬ riage, Absalom Briley had two children, Alarinda and Albert G. By his second marriage he had six children, Flavius J., Florence, Lena, Alice, Eva, and Laura.

Flavius J. Briley obtained the rudiments of his knowledge in the rude pioneer log schoolhouse, with its slab benches, without desks in front, and with no backs. The larger part of his youthful days were spent with his maternal grandparents, Air. and Airs. John Stewart, and as soon as old enough was given full charge of the farm, to the owner¬ ship of which he succeeded, and on which he has since resided. To the substantial hewed log house built by his grandfather, Air. Briley has made exteifsive additions and improvements, and still occupies it, having, with the exception of two years, 1905 and 1906, when the family went to Terre Haute in order to give the children better educational advantages, lived in it since a boy. As an agriculturalist Air. Briley has been suc¬ cessful, and in addition to managing his farm, he has for the past ten years been employed a part of the time in mining.

Air. Briley married, August 15, 1869, Elizabeth Stewart, who was born in Jackson township, Sullivan county, July 4, 1851, a daughter of Charles Stewart. Her grandfather, Thomas Stewart, was born in Ken¬ tucky, and after his marriage to Sarah Clark came to Clay county, Indi¬ ana, bought a tract of government land in section 6, Lewis township, and on the homestead which he reclaimed from the forest spent his remaining days. His wife survived him, and spent her last years with her children, dying in Lewis, Vigo county. Coming with his parents to Indiana, Charles Stewart, who was born in Bullitt county, Kentucky, lived in Lewis township during his early manhood. About two years after his marriage he bought a tract of land, covered with its original growth of timber, in Jackson township, and built of round logs the cabin in which Airs. Briley first opened her eyes to the light of this world. He had previously learned the trades of both a carpenter and shoemaker, and in winter made shoes, while in summer he built houses. Removing with his family to Pierson township in i860, he purchased another tract of wild land, and while he worked at his trades his sons cleared and improved a farm. Four years later, he sold out, came to Lewis township, Clay county, bought land in section thirty-one, and there resided until his death, at the age of seventy-two years. Charles Stewart married, in Sul¬ livan county, Indiana, Nancy Sills, a daughter of Abraham and Eliza¬ beth (Randolph) Sills, who came from Kentucky to Sullivan county, Indiana, being pioneers of Jackson township. Mr. Sills was a black¬ smith, and worked at his trade, his sons doing the work of the farm, on which he and his good wife spent their remaining years. Mrs. Briley's mother, Mrs. Nancy (Sills) Stewart, is still living, being now eightyseven years of age. She reared nine children, as follows : Felix Chester, Tilburn Curtis, Charles Webster, Theodore Hamilton, Elizabeth, Willis P., Letha Jane, Newton Jasper, and Sarah Ann. The three oldest sons all served in the Union Army during the Civil war, Felix C., as a member of Company C, Thirty-first Indiana Volunteer Infantry, serving through¬ out the entire period of the contest.

Mr. and Mrs. Briley have reared nine children, namely: Della D. ; Oscar O. ; William Wallace; Absalom A.; Niman N. ; Charles C. ; Emery E. and Emily E., twins ; and Flavius F. Absalom enlisted in the regular army, and served in China during the Boxer war, his company being for several months on guard in Pekin. Subsequently going with his regiment to the Philippines, he died while in service at Namar Island. Della D. married Alvin Stark, and has three children, Noel, Judson and Verne. Oscar O. married first Maggie Saunders, by whom he had one child Evelyn Geneve, and married second Mamie Harris, by whom he has one son, Merle O. William W. married Rachel West, and they have two children, Granville and Elizabeth. Charles C. married Elizabeth Will¬ iams. Emily E. is the wife of Emmett Hayth. Niman N., who married George Bear, died October 19, 1895, leaving one child, Walter Everett Bear.

Benjamin M. Guirl. - Prominent among the foremost citizens of Clay county is Benjamin M. Guirl, of Clay City, a man of superior busi¬ ness discernment and judgment, and who by careful attention to the inter¬ ests of others and to those things conducive to the welfare and progress of society has shown himself a public-spirited and highly useful member of the community. Gifted with quick perceptions and an intelligent mind, he is also endowed with that peculiar vein of enterprise and ambition which is essentially American, and which has been the means of leading him onward to success in his undertakings. He was born February 11, 1864, in Jennings county, Indiana, a son of Charles A. and Mary (Millhouse) Guirl. A short sketch of his parents and more immediate ances¬ tors may be found on another page of this work, in connection with a brief personal notice of his brother, Hon. William H. Guirl.

Completing his early education in the district schools, Benjamin M. Guirl remained at assisting in the care of the farm until twenty years of age. Beginning life then for himself, he obtained work in a sawmill at Lapel, where he acquired his first knowledge of the lumber business. Going from there to Kirklin, he had charge of a sawmill for a while, and then, buying a half interest in a flour mill, superintended the operations of both mills for about three years. Disposing then of his interest in the

Hour mill, he moved his sawmill to Clay City. A year later, in 1892, Mr. Guirl sold his interest in this plant to his brother, organized the Clay City Manufacturing Company, put up a large mill, and for ten years was here engaged in the manufacture of staves. During this time Mr. Guirl organized the Clay City Electric Light Company and the Clay City Packing Company, and for six years had the management of these three great enterprises, a part of the time having, in addition, the care of his brothers farms and of his lumber business. Disposing of his stock in the Electric Light and Packing companies in 1902, Mr. Guirl removed the plant of the Clay City Manufacturing Company to Alexan¬ der county, Illinois, whither he also took his family. Within five years the company had stripped all of the timber from the large tracts of land that they had bought in that locality, converting it into staves, and now, in 1908, have a large force of men at work removing the stumpage pre¬ paratory to placing the land under cultivation. Returning with his family to Clay City in 1906, Mr. Guirl took charge of the lumber business which he had previously purchased from his brother, and has since reorganized the Clay City Electric Light Company, and is here carrying on an exten¬ sive and lucrative business, being, in Western parlance, a "hustler."

On April 28, 18 88, Mr. Guirl married Blanche E. Nickey, who was born in Whitley county, Indiana, which was likewise the birthplace of her father, Allen Nickey. Her grandfather, Jacob Nickey, was born, it is thought, in Virginia, from there coming to Indiana and settling as a pioneer in Whitley county. Allen Nickey was a practicing physician during his earlier life, but was afterwards engaged in the lumber business in Boone county, Indiana, where he also operated a flour mill. He is now engaged in farming near Tipton, this state. He married Mary Reed, a native of Whitley county. Mr. and Mrs. Guirl are the parents of six children, namely: Hazel, Paul, George, Mabel, Clara and Leona. Politically Mr. Guirl is a Republican, and is now serving as chairman of the Clay City School Board. Both Mr. and Mrs. Guirl are members of the Christian church.

Dudley W. Brattin, for thirty-eight years a prominent factor in mercantile circles in Brazil and also prominent in the public interests of the city, has left his impress upon its development and progress in many lines. A native of Chillicothe, Ohio, he was born October 26, 1845. His parents were Thomas S. and Sarah Brattin, both born near Staunton, Virginia, and the father was known in business circles as a carriage blacksmith and civil engineer. The great-grandfather of our subject in the Brattin line came from the north of Ireland to America while this country was still numbered among the colonial possessions of Great Brit¬ ain, and the grandfather served in the American army in the Revolu¬ tionary war, while Thomas S. Brattin with equal loyalty defended the interests of the country in the war of 1812. The maternal great-grand¬ father was also a soldier of the Revolution and was with Washington during the memorable winter at Valley Forge, where the troops suffered, such hardships and were so in need of supplies that the snow was often marked by the bloody footprints of the soldiers. The grandfather, John Wiseman, was a Methodist minister for forty-nine years, being ordained by Francis Asbury, the first American bishop, in 1785. When the his¬ tory of the Wiseman family was published in 1887, mention was made of more than one thousand descendants, not one of whom was addicted to

D. W. Brattin pursued his early education in a country school in Ross county, Ohio, about twenty-four miles from Chillicothe, and at the age of fourteen years he left the farm to go to Greencastle, Indiana, there to learn the watchmaker's trade. His school days were limited to six years in a country school, but reading, experience and observation have greatly broadened his knowledge in later years. He remained in Green¬ castle until 1870, when he removed to Brazil and embarked in business on his own account as a jeweler. Later he extended the scope of his activities by adding a stock of books and art goods and thus for thirtyeight years he has figured in the commercial interests of the city, ever sustaining an unassailable reputation for business integrity as well as enterprise and progressiveness.

On the 28th of May, 1878, in Brazil, Mr. Brattin was married to Miss Harriet C. McClelland. Her father, James W. McClelland, was one of the pioneer coal operators in Clay county and her brother, James H. McClelland, is and has been president of the Brazil Block Coal Com¬ pany for many years. Their children are : Mrs. Anna Scofield, who was born February 26, 1882; Dudley H., born August 11, 1884; Harry A., January 19, 1887; and Lucy H., March 26, 1889.

Mr. Brattin is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic. Al¬ though he was only twenty years of age at the time the war closed, he had done faithful service with the Fifty-fifth Indiana Infantry, with the One Hundred and Sixth Indiana Infantry and the One Hundred and Third Indiana Infantry, continuing at the front until the expiration of his term of service. In addition to his membership relations with the Grand Army of the Republic, he has been a member of the Knights of Pythias for nearly forty years, of the Masonic fraternity for thirty-eight years and of the Odd Fellows Society and the Ancient Order of United Work¬ men for nearly an equal length of time. He likewise affiliates with the Knights and Ladies of Honor, the Knights and Ladies of Security and the Benevolent & Protective Order of Elks, and that he is a valued repre¬ sentative of these organizations is indicated by his election to various offices. He is now a past chancellor commander of the Knights of Pythias, a past master workman of the Ancient Order of United Workmen and a past exalted ruler of the Elks lodge. His fellow townsmen have expressed their confidence in his public spirit and integrity of citizenship bv electing him their chief executive on two different occasions. He was first called to the office of mayor in 1884 and again in 1896, and in both terms gave a public-spirited and businesslike administration, characterized by prog¬ ress and improvement. For three years he was a member of the Brazil school board and in 1896 he was chairman of the Republican organiza¬ tion during the campaign. Such in brief is the history of Dudley W. Brattin. In whatever relation of life we find him, in official service, in political circles, in business or in social life, he is always the same honor¬ able and honored gentleman, whose worth well merits the high regard which is uniformly given him.

James C. Stoneburner. - Distinguished not only as a native-born citizen of Perry township but as a representative of an honored pioneer family, James C. Stoneburner is especially deserving of mention in a work of this character. Actively engaged in the prosecution of the call- ing upon which the wealth and prosperity of our country so largely depend, he is meeting with excellent success, and holds a good position among the valued agriculturists of his community. A son of the late Joseph Stoneburner, he was born on section twenty-one August 20, 1865.

Joseph Stoneburner was born in Loudoun county, Virginia, March 4, 1829, the son of John Henry and Sarah (Fry) Stoneburner, who were natives of the same state. Beginnings life for himself as a farmer in Noble county, Ohio, he lived there until i860, when, accompanied by his family, he came overland with teams to Perry township. Indiana, being sixteen days in making the journey, and located on an eighty-acre farm which he had purchased several years before. After living there three months, he bought one hundred and sixteen and one-half acres lying in sections twenty-one and twenty-two, all of which, with the exception of twenty acres of prairie, was covered with timber. He subsequently cleared almost the entire tract, and about 1872 purchased forty acres of adjoin¬ ing land. About one-half of that was cleared, and the log house that stood upon the opening is still in existence, being one of the oldest log dwellings in the county. He was an unusually skilful farmer, and in addi¬ tion to placing his land in an excellent condition was particular to keep his buildings, machinery, etc., in good shape, residing on his homestead until his death, April 22, 1888.

On September 22, 1851, in Noble county, Ohio, Joseph Stoneburner married Arietta Hartley, who was born March 24, 1830, in Warren county, New Jersey, a daughter of David B. and Phebe (Parks) Hartley, natives, respectively, of Pennsylvania and New Jersey. She is still living, making her home with her son James C. She bore her husband seven children, namely: Charles, of Denver, Colorado; Hartley, of Independ¬ ence, Kansas; Emma, widow of the late Philip Coble, resides in Cory, Indiana; Joseph Edgar, of Perry township; Etta, widow of James Shaw, late of Perry township; James C, of this sketch: and John, of Cory, Indiana. The mother also brought up one other child, Audrey Stoddard, who lived with her from the age of six years until twenty years old.

Reared on the home farm, James C. Stoneburner acquired his early education in the old Center District School, obtaining a practical knowl¬ edge of the three "r's." After his marriage he bought a portion of the parental homestead, it being the last forty-acre tract purchased by his father, and has since carried on general farming in a most satisfactory manner, reaping abundant harvests from his well-cultivated and highlyimproved land, his farm comparing favorably in its appointments with any in the neighborhood.

On June 14, 1888, Mr. Stoneburner married Lilly Cliver, who was born April 14, 1867, in Perry township, which was the birthplace, like¬ wise, of her parents, Jonathan and Sarah (Donham) Cliver. Her paternal grandparents, Peter and Millie (Hixon) Cliver, and her maternal grand¬ parents, Joseph and- Lucinda (Jeffers ) Donham, were all born in Ohio, and were afterwards pioneers of Perry township. The union of Mr. and Mrs. Stoneburner has been blessed bv the birth of three children, namely: Grace Arietta, born March 16, 1891, is the wife of Charles Cromwell, of Perry township; Edna Irene, born September 10, 1897; and Vera Esther, born October 4, 1902. Politically Mr. Stoneburner is a strong and earnest advocate of the principles of the Republican party. Fraternally he is a member of Clear Creek Lodge, No. 449, I. O. O. F. Religiously he is a

Oliver James, M. D. - Noteworthy among the more active and prosperous physicians of Clay county is Oliver James, M. D., of Cory, who has a large and lucrative practice to which he is devoted. A son of Thomas James, he was born July 13, 1841, in Carroll county, Ohio, and was there bred and educated.

Coming from English ancestry, Thomas Janies was a life-long resi¬ dent of Ohio, and during his active career was engaged in farming. He died while yet in the prime of a vigorous manhood, his death occur¬ ring in Carroll county in 1854. He married Susan Springer, a daughter of William and Sally Springer. She survived him many years, marrying for her second husband John Yingling. She died in Carroll county, Ohio, in February, 1881. By her first marriage she had seven children, Oliver, the special subject of this sketch, being the third child in succes¬ sion of birth. By her union with Mr. Yingling she had two children.

Remaining with his mother until eighteen years old, Oliver James laid a substantial foundation for his future education in the district schools. After leaving home he attended school winters and worked as a farm hand summers for two years. Ambitious then to advance his education, he studied for two years at the Harlem Springs Seminary, in Carroll county, after which he read medicine with a prominent physician for four years. Coming to Clay county, Indiana, in 1866, he practiced as an under-graduate until 1876, when he entered the Indiana Medical College at Indianapolis, where he was graduated with the degree of M. D. on March 28, 1877. Immediately after receiving his diploma Dr. James located in Cory, where he built up a fine practice, acquiring an extended reputation for skill and ability in his professional work.

On April 28, 1868, Dr. James married Eliza Belle Harper, a native of Carroll county, Ohio, and they had one child, Howard T. James, of Clay City, Indiana. Mrs. Eliza B. James died September 14, 1872. The Doctor married for his second wife, July 22, 1875, Melissa D. Donham, who was born in Perry township, Clay county, Indiana, a daughter of Abijah and Margaret Donham, natives of Clermont county, Ohio. Of the four children born of this union, three died in infancy and one is living, namely, Floy, wife of Charles F. Engle, of Worthington, Indiana. Dr. James is a member of the Clay County Medical Society and of the Indiana State Medical Society. Politically he is a Republican, and since 1900 has been a member of the Pension Board of Clay county. Frater¬ nally he belongs to Clear Creek Lodge, No. 449, I. O. O. F. Religiously he is a valued member of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he has been recording steward for many years.

Dr. William II. Zenor i% well known in Brazil and is numbered among the native sons of Clay county, his birth having occurred upon a farm a mile west of Bowling Green on the 25th of February, 1837. His parents were David and Elizabeth Zenor, who for over sixty years lived upon one farm. The father was born in Harrison county, Kentucky, in the year 1801, and when twenty-one years of age came direct from his native state to Indiana, settling in Clay county. His wife was also from that county. Their farm, which was pleasantly located a mile west of Bowling Green, comprised three forties, two of which were entered direct from the government by David Zenor, who brought the land under a high state of cultivation, carrying on the farm work with good success for many years. Both he and his wife were of sturdy German stock and there are yet numerous relatives of the family living in Harrison county, Indiana, among whom is the Hon. W. T. Zenor, who has recently completed his third or fourth term in congress. Mr. and Mrs. David Zenor continued to reside in Clay county until called to their final rest, both passing away at an advanced age, the father dying when nearly ninety-three years of age, while the mother lived to the age of eightythree. Their family numbered ten children, six sons and four daughters.

Dr. Zenor of this review, however, is the only one of the boys now living in Indiana. His boyhood days were spent upon the old home farm, where he early became familiar with the duties and labors that fall to the lot of the agriculturist. He also spent several years with relatives in Illinois, and be supplemented his early education, acquired in the public schools, bv study in Wesleyan University at Bloomington, Illinois. The little "temple of learning" in which he mastered the elementary branches, however, was a log schoolhouse of primitive construction. He afterward was a student in the common schools, which he attended through the winter months, while in the spring and summer he worked in the fields. In 1859 he matriculated in the Wesleyan University, where he remained until 1862. In December, 1907. he returned to his alma mater as a visitor and found it a flourishing school of nearly a thousand students, before whom he read his ode to the school, which he had written for that occa¬ sion. During his college days, however, he put aside his text-books in order to respond to his country's call, enlisting in 1862 with a company organized at Bowling Green and which became Company D, of the Sixth Indiana Cavalry. He served as a non-commissioned officer until the close of the war in 1865 and was in a number of hotly contested engagements.

At the close of the war Dr. Zenor was honorably discharged and returned home. After a brief period he engaged in the drug business at Hennepin, Illinois, where for several years he continued in that line under the firm name of Zenor & Seaton. In 1869 he sold out to James H. Seaton, who carried on the business for a number of years thereafter. Dr. Zenor then removed to western Missouri and later to Kansas. He spent nearly twenty-five years in the west, devoting his energies during much of that time to the drug business, also practicing medicine for ten years at Crestline and at Lake City, Kansas. He began the manufacture of a special medicine, which he had prepared and which has had a good sale for fifteen or twenty years. On leaving the west he returned to Indiana, locating in Brazil, where he is still engaged in the manufacture of his medicines.

Dr. Zenor was united in marriage in 1867 to Miss Mary E. Peacock, and they have two children : Lillie May, who is now the widow of Charles Farlow ; and Arthur, who married Miss Annie Murray, and is editor of the Carbon (Indiana) Chronicle . Dr. Zenor is a man of marked literary taste and of considerable talent in that direction. He has now in manu¬ script a small volume of poems and a story entitled "When I Was in Tennessee." The prose volume is the account of his travels at the time and since the war in the mountains of Tennessee and Alabama. Llis resi¬ dence during the last sixteen years has been 617 East Pinkley street, Brazil, Indiana.

John Thomas Keller, a farmer and stock raiser of Posev township, was born within the borders of this township, January 6, 1845, and the history of his father, Philip Keller, and his family is recorded on other pages of this work. The district schools of Posey township afforded the son John Thomas with his educational training in his youth, and in 1868 he made his first purchase of land, consisting of a little tract of forty acres south of his father's homestead, a part of which he cleared and improved, and he owned at one time in Posey township two hundred and sixteen acres of land. He remained on his first purchase until 1897, when he bought his present farm of twenty-six acres in section one, a part of which he has cleared, and the land is well improved and fertile. In addi¬ tion to his general farming and stock raising he also raises a great deal of fruit.

Mr. Keller was married on the 30th day of August, 1868, to Fredericka Kumpf, who came from her native land of Germany to the United States with her parents when but three years of age, and they settled at Dover, Ohio. After living there seven years, they moved to Clay county, Indiana. She is the youngest of her parents' family of four children, and the union of Mr. and Mrs. Keller has also been blessed by the birth of four children, namely : George William ; Sophia, who is the wife of Walter Payne ; Charles P. ; and Emma, who is the wife of Dennis Aeling. All were born in Posey township, Clay county. The son Charles P. is a graduate of De Pauw university and has served (1908) for four years as principal of the Brazil high school. In his political affiliations Mr. Keller has been a life-long supporter of Republican principles, and he is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church.

Harry Elliott, M. D. - Numbered among the rising young physi¬ cians of Clav county is Harry Elliott, M. D., of Poland, who during the brief time that he has here been in active practice has given evidence of his professional knowledge and skill, while by his genial manners and kindly courtesy he has gained the esteem and good will of the people. He is a fine representative of the native-born citizens of the place, his birth having occurred here October 4, 1878. He comes of honored pioneer stock, his paternal grandparents, Harrison and Elizabeth (Young) Elliott, natives of North Carolina, having been among the early settlers of Putnam county, Indiana, where their son, Thomas A., the Doctor's father, was born.

Brought up on a farm in Putnam county, Thomas A. Elliott received good educational advantages, and after teaching school a few terms began the study of medicine. Locating in Poland, Clay county, in 1878, he became one of the leading physicians of the place, and here enjoyed a large and remunerative practice until his death. June 15, 1907, at the age of fifty-six years. Dr. Thomas A. Elliott married Annie B. Collier, who was born in Putnam county, Indiana, a daughter of James T. and Lucy (Usher) Collier, the former of whom was born in Kentucky, while his wife, a native of New York state, was a sister of John P. Usher, a mem¬ ber of President Lincoln's cabinet. She survives him, and is now a resident of Terre Haute, Indiana. Five children were born to them, namely: Harry, the subject of this sketch; James, a physician in Terre Haute; Jennie, attending college in Kansas City, Missouri; Frank; aiyd John.

life for himself as a teacher, and taught one year, in 1897 and 1898. He then attended the State University at Bloomington, Indiana, for a year, after which he was graduated from the Indiana Medical College at Indi¬ anapolis, receiving the degree of M. D. in 1904. Having obtained prac¬ tical experience in his professional work at Saint Anthony Hospital, Terre Haute, where he was for three months, and at the City Hospital in Indianapolis, with which he was connected as interne nineteen months. Dr. Elliott located in Poland, and having succeeded to his father's prac¬ tice has here built up an extensive and lucrative patronage.

On April 7, 1908. Dr. Elliott married Maud Mendenhall, a graduate nurse of the City Hospital at Indianapolis. She was born in West New¬ ton, Indiana, a daughter of Edward and Ella (Weatherly) Mendenhall, natives of Marion county, Indiana. Politically the Doctor is a Democrat. Fraternally he belongs to Poland Lodge No. 364, K. of I\, and to Clay Lodge No. 85, A. F. & A. M., of Bowling Green. He is a member of the Presbyterian church, in which he has served as elder since 1907.

Benjamin Franklin Goshorn. V. D. M. - Noteworthy among the prominent and influential business men of Clay City is Benjamin F. Goshorn, who for many years has been intimately associated with the best interests of this part of Clay county, being a farmer and the pub¬ lisher of the Clay City Democrat , one of the leading newspapers of this section of the state. A native of Indiana, he was born in Marion township, Owen county, September 13. 1857, a son of Robert R. Goshorn.

The name of Goshorn was first known in America in 1655, when two brothers of the name emigrated from Holland to this country, settling here permanently. No definite knowledge of the family is subsequently obtainable until 1770, when four brothers of that name - John, Leonard, Jacob and Nicholas - were living in Pennsylvania. John and Leonard moved to Ohio, one locating in Cincinnati and the other near Wheeling. Jacob settled in Huntingdon county, Pennsylvania, and Nicholas took up his residence in Juniata county, five miles away. Nicholas had two sons - Robert, who located in Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania, and James, who settled at Hamilton, Butler county, Ohio - and five daughters, who mar¬ ried respectively Smith, Goshorn, Clemens, Orr and Funk. Jacob, who settled in Huntingdon county, Pennsylvania, had seven sons aiid five daughters, as follows : George, who had six sons and four daughters ; Jacob, who had four daughters ; John, who had five sons and four daugh¬ ters ; Andrew, who had four sons and four daughters; Nicholas, who had seven sons and seven daughters ; Samuel, who had four sons and three daughters ; and William, who had three sons and three daughters. The names of the daughters were : Mary, married to James Jones ; Susan, married to Hugh Dorn ; Nancy, married to John McClure ; Elizabeth, married to a Mr. Renner ; and Margaret, married to David Heckadorn. The six sons and four daughters of George are: Jacob, John, Nicholas, George, Robert and Samuel; and Jane (married to Alexander McNeal), Susan (unmarried), Mary (unmarried), and Margaret (married to Aaron M. Shoop).

Through the third son (Nicholas) comes the line of Benjamin F., of this article. Nicholas was born and reared in Pennsylvania, where in his boyhood days he served a two years' apprenticeship as a tanner, during which time he missed but one day's service to his employer. In middle age he removed with his family to Holmes county, Ohio, where he pur- chased a farm and also established a tannery, both of which he success¬ fully managed for a number of years. Disposing of all his Ohio interests, he came with his family, then consisting of himself, a son and a daughter, to Clay county, Indiana, and settled in Bellaire, where, in partnership with his son George Y., he engaged in mercantile pursuits during the remainder of his active life. He spent his last years on the farm of this son, George, in Harrison township, dying when upward of sixty-three years old. lie married Jane Robinson, a daughter of Alexander Robin¬ son. She died in middle life in Ohio, leaving four children, namely: Denny, Robert R. (father of Benjamin F.), George Y. and Mary Jane.

Robert R. Goshorn was born in Huntingdon county, Pennsylvania. November 7, 1833, came with his parents to Ohio at the age of two years, and was there brought up and married. Acquiring a good common school education when young, he began his career as a teacher in Ohio when hut seventeen years of age. When eighteen years old lie married, and with his young wife and her parents came to Owen county. Indiana. Shortly after his arrival in Marion township, he bought a tract of tim¬ bered land upon which was a log house, the only improvement made on the place. In this he resided until after the birth of his three older children. He continued his professional duties, teaching nine terms of school in Owen county, in the meantime clearing his land and tilling the soil with great success. He added to his landed possessions by pur¬ chase at different times until he had a farm of two hundred and twenty acres, well improved with a substantial set of buildings, he being among the first in Marion township to erect a frame house and barn. He was enterprising and progressive in his methods and always one of the first to try new machinery invented for the purpose of lessening the work of the farmer. He has now in his possession the first lamp in which he burned kerosene oil, it being one of the first if not the pioneer lamp of the kind in Owen county. He still lives in that county, retired from active pursuits, enjoying to the utmost the fruits of his earlier years of toil. For about fifty years he has been a member of the Church of the Brethren, in which he has served faithfully in almost every official capac¬ ity and is now filling the office of elder. He married in Tuscarawas county, Ohio, October 7, 1852, Julia Ann Sommers, who was born in Fayette county, Pennsylvania, April 22, 1828, daughter of Jacob Sommers and granddaughter of Michael and Catherine Sommers, natives of Ger¬ many. Jacob Sommers, an only child of Michael and Catherine Sommers, was a soldier in the war of 1812. enlisting when but eighteen years of age. Some time after his marriage he migrated to Ohio and, after living in Tuscarawas county a number of years, came thence to Owen county, Indiana, locating in Marion township, where he cleared and improved the farm on which he resided until his death at the age of seventy-seven years and six months. The maiden name of his wife was Martha Aucerman. To them were born ten daughters and three sons, all of whom were brought up to mature age and all of whom married and raised families, with the exception of their son Benjamin, who died from injuries received in felling a tree while yet single. At the time of their deaths their descendants numbered considerably over one hundred. The children born of the union of Mr. and Mrs. Robert R. Goshorn were as follows: Lydia Jane, wife of John Fair; Josiah S. ; Benjamin F.. the special subject of this sketch; George V. : Flora Alice, who married Jesse Benham ; Ezra N. ; Martha Etta, wife of George Kitch ; and Martin R.

Goshorn. The mother of the family died at the family homestead in Owen county, October 2, 1899, at the aSe °f seventy-one years, five months and ten days.

Benjamin F. Goshorn received his elementary education in the public schools of Owen county, after which he attended the Lancaster Normal School, where he had as classmates Hon. Robert J. Alev, Hon. Samuel Ralston, Professor Benjamin Wisely, Dr. Robert McKelvay, Josiah Goshorn (now a banker in Clay City, Indiana), Dr. R. B. Kelley, Profes¬ sor William Hoffman, W. H. Chillson, and others of such prominence and influence. He subsequently continued his studies at the State Normal School in Terre Haute, and at the age of twenty years embarked in life as a teacher, teaching sixteen hundred and seventy days in Clay and Owen counties. During this time, with characteristic enterprise, Mr. Goshorn was employed for four years in mercantile business at Coal City. In November, 1897, he purchased the office fixtures and good will of the Clay City Democrat , which he has since published with marked ability and success, making it one of the leading journals of Clay county. He is also interested in agricultural progress, devoting a part of his time to the care and management of his farm, which is located at Danville Crossing, Harrison township.

On October 1, 1882, Mr. Goshorn married Miss Ida B. Smith, who was born in Worthington, Greene county, Indiana, August 21, 1862, daughter of James R. Smith. Her grandfather, John Smith, was born in Kentucky, but was brought up in Virginia. When a young man he removed to Ohio, whence in 1839 he came to Indiana, settling in Owen county. A few years later he again traveled westward, going to Marshall county, Iowa, where he was a pioneer settler. Taking up land, he im¬ proved a farm on which he lived and labored successfully until his death. He married Hester Metcalf, who was of New England birth, being the daughter of James Metcalf, who spent his last years in Ohio. James R. Smith was eighteen years of age when he came with the family to Owen county, Indiana, and two years later he began to learn the carpenter's trade at Old Point Commerce, Greene county. He subsequently worked at his trade for four years in Lafayette, after which he settled in Jeffer¬ son township on a tract of timber land which had been presented to his wife by her father. Moving into the little log cabin which stood upon the place, he occupied it for a few years and then built a good frame house. He cleared sixty or more acres of the land and lived there about thirty years, when he sold the farm and settled in Harrison township, Clay county, and for the past fifteen years has resided in Middleburv. He married Susan Amelia Heaton, who was born in Owen county, Indiana, a daughter of Isaac and Jane (Kelley) Heaton, who died shortly after their removal to Clay county. Isaac Heaton, a native of Connecticut, was one of the pioneer settlers of Owen county, clearing and improving a home¬ stead near what is now Farmers, where he subsequently resided until his death. He was graduated from the first class of the Indiana State Uni¬ versity, was a man of prominence in public affairs, and for a number of years served as judge. Mr. and Mrs. Goshorn are the parents of five children : Earl R., who married Mabel Blough and has one son, Wil¬ lard B.; Effie A., wife of Charles E. Kitch; Blanche M. ; Ross R. and Ruth L. Goshorn. Mr. Goshorn and family are members of the Church of the Brethren, with which he united when seventeen years old and in which he has been a minister for nearly a quarter of a century.

William B. Hawkins, A. M., M. D., deceased, was born at the old college town of Washington, in Washington county. Pennsylvania, August 28, 1818. He descended from an English family who landed here at an early date, Sir John Hawkins having been sent out from his country to explore the Pacific coast, being a member of the Royal Navy at the time. In his fleet was also Sir John Drake. Dr. Hawkins attended the preparatory school and college until he graduated from the classical course in 1835, when but eighteen years of age. He had chosen medicine as his profession and immediately began its study with the distinguished Dr. John Wishard, with whom he studied for four years, including his lecture course, at the end of which time he graduated from Washington and Jefferson College with the degree of A. M. from Washington College and M. D. from Jefferson College (medical branch). In April, 1840, he commenced the practice of medicine in Connellsville, Fayette county, Pennsylvania, where he remained ten years. During the panic of 1848 he lost ten thousand dollars, which money he had invested in iron works in and around Connellsville. Gathering up what little he had left, he went to Illinois in search of a new location, but upon arriving at Cincinnati, Ohio, on account of a cholera epidemic, the steamboats were all laid up and the doctor accepted a position as physician and surgeon to the out¬ door poor of the Sixth ward of the city, doing good service under very trying circumstances. Later the doctor went on to Terre Haute, where he practiced medicine until 1854, establishing in the meantime a well equipped drug store on the corner of Fourth and Main streets. At the end of two years he sold out to his partner, and located at Prairieton, Vigo county, where he had a large practice for thirteen years. In 1867 he saw a fine location in the then newly opened up block coal mines of Clay county and bought a home there on the corner of Main and Depot streets, Brazil, where he lived for nearly twenty-five years, actively engaged in his profession, to the very last days of his life in 1891.

October 15, 1840, the doctor was married to Christina Darling, a native of Scotland, who died in 1866. To them were born six children, three of whom lived to maturity, viz. : Alice, wife of Judge John Cosson, of Somerset, Kentucky ; Charles W., who was a member of the Thirty-first Indiana Infantry during the Civil war; and James D. On March 12, 1867, the doctor married to Mrs. A. D. McLain, who was born at Marietta, Ohio, and educated at the Female Seminary of that place. Mrs. McLain had been a teacher for about fifteen years and was employed in the graded schools of Terre Haute at the time of their marriage. For years she has been devoted to literary work. Her book "The Odd Fellows' Orphans'' was dedicated to the Daughters of Rebekahs and was highly honored by having a call for the second edition approved by the Supreme Grand Lodge of the I. O. O. F., with the permission that the emblems of that order be placed on the covers in gold. Her miscellaneous articles, some of which have been published, would make quite a large volume. Some of these are war time reminiscences from personal knowledge, and others on travel on the Pacific coast.

Mrs. Abigail (McLain) Hawkins is the daughter of Stephen and Sophia (Warren) Daniels. Her father was born in West Bloomfield, New York, in 1779. and served in the war of 1812-14. dying aged sixtyfive years. The mother was born in Shirley, Middlesex county, Massa¬ chusetts, January 31, 1804. Their children were seven in number, three of whom still survive - J. J.; Mrs. Hawkins; and Sarah.

Library Of The

Mrs. Hawkins is a charter member of the Daughters of the Revo¬ lution in Indiana. She was first married to J. M. McLain, a native of Ohio, by whom one daughter was born - Margaret W., now the widow of James M. Neece. Mrs. Hawkins was also a member of the board of twelve who organized the Orphans' Home in Clay county, Indiana, and was appointed chairman of the board bv the judge.

Dr. Hawkins passed from earthly scenes December 24, 1891, after a long and useful career. He was a man of high literary culture and stood at the head of the medical profession in Indiana for nearly a quarter of a century.

Robert Warren Hawkins, M. D., one of the leading members of the medical profession practicing at Brazil, Indiana, was born in that city, January 7, 1872, the only child of Dr. William B. and Abigail (McLain nee Daniels) Hawkins. Dr. Robert W. Hawkins was educated in the high school at Brazil and graduated from the Medical College of Indiana, at Indianapolis, with the class of 1895, after which he located in his native city, where he has built up an excellent medical practice and enjoys the confidence and esteem of his fellow-townsmen. During the period of the Spanish- American war, from April 23, 1898, to Novem¬ ber 23, 1900, he was hospital steward for the One Hundred and Fiftyninth Indiana Regiment, at Camp Alger, Virginia. He belongs to the Clav County Medical Society, of which he was secretary ; the State Medi¬ cal Society of Indiana; to Brazil Lodge, No. 215, Independent Order of Odd Fellows; Tribe No. 61, of the Red Men at Indianapolis, and various other fraternities. He has been secretary of the County Board of Health, having served in 1896-97. He also has the distinction of belonging to the Indiana Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, he being a lineal descendant of Ephraim Warren of that conflict. During the great smallpox scourge in Brazil in 1903 Dr. Warren was secretary of the City Board of Health and materially aided in stopping the spread of the disease. In his political views he is a staunch supporter of Republican principles.

He was married to Claudia Tennant, October 12, 1898. She was born near Paris, Illinois, January 30, 1876, daughter of Lawrence and Prudence J. (Crooks) Tennant, both parents being natives of Parke county, Indiana. Their children were : Claudia, Mrs. Hawkins ; Oro A., the wife of R. P. Shattuck, now residing at Brazil, Indiana ; Merle E. ; Lillis M. The father of Mrs. Hawkins was a farmer, merchant and trav¬ eling expert machine man for the McCormick Harvester Company of Chicago. He died at Brazil, Indiana. He was prominent in Masonic circles, a member of the Christian church and in politics a Democrat. His widow now resides at St. Louis, Missouri. The one child born to Dr. Robert W. Hawkins and wife is William Lawrence, born February 2, 1901.

Jerome Bogle. - The trade and industries of Clay county are largely indebted to the many years of work which different members of the Bogle family have spent in their advancement. Jerome Bogle, of this sketch, is a leading merchant of Brazil, and was for years engaged in carriage paint¬ ing, while his father was a pioneer builder of vehicles. He is also said to have been the first manufacturer of furniture in the county. Jerome Bogle is a native of Waveland, Montgomery county, Indiana, born on the

2 1 st of September, 1852, son of John and Elizabeth (Adamson) Bogle. His father was born in Washington county, that state, on the 26th of March, 1822, and died in Bowling Green, Clay county, July 10, 1891. By trade he was what is known as a carriage-body builder, and followed that vocation at Waveland until 1859, when he located on a farm about a mile east of Carbon. But the more stirring ways of business and the manufactures were more suited to his temperament than the quieter life of the husbandman, and in i860 he located in Bowling Green, forming a partnership with Elisha Adamson, his father-in-law, in the milling busi¬ ness. After thus operating the enterprise for a number of years Mr. Bogle founded the first furniture manufactory in Clay county, conducting it for some three years. During his residence in Bowling Green he was also quite a prominent public figure, his twelve years of service as justice of the peace making a most honorable official record. He was a stanch Democrat, who vigorously upheld the Union cause during the Civil war, and a Mason in good standing with the Bowling Green lodge. His widow was born in Rockville, Parke county, Indiana, and is now living with her son of this sketch, an honored pioneer mother in her seventy-sixth year. Her marriage to the elder Mr. Bogle occurred in the village of her birth, and of their union were two sons and three daughters, of whom the fol¬ lowing are living: Jerome, the oldest of the family, and John L. Bogle.

Jerome Bogle received a common school education, and quite early in life learned the trade of carriage painting, following that vocation until 1884. He then located in Brazil and engaged in the grocery and baking business. He was for some time, earlier in his busy career, an employee of the first carriage and agricultural house in Clay county, the output of the concern being entirely hand-work. Although the road was long, it was continuously upward from the time that he worked for twenty-five cents per day until he reached the position of a leading merchant of the county. He is also a leading fraternalist, enjoying membership in the following organizations : Brazil lodge No. 264, A. F. & A. M. ; Brazil chapter No. 59, R. A. M. ; Brazil council No. 40, R. & S. M. ; Brazil commanderv No. 47, K. T., and the Knights of Pythias order,, No. 30. In his political affiliations he is a Republican, and has long been a stanch Methodist.

The Bogle family came originally from Virginia, both the great¬ grandfather and grandfather of Jerome being natives of Wythe county. The former was Ralph Bogle, whose wife was a sister of Richard Henry Lee, and the latter, James Bogle, the younger man being born January 16, 1796, and dying June 22, 1879. The grandfather married Miss Marv Clemens, born September 29, 1793, who died in Indianapolis, Indiana, on the 1st of November, 1866. The great-uncle of our subject, John Bogle, was a well-known circuit rider of the M. E. church. His son, the uncle, was a soldier of the Confederacy, and was attached to the body guard of the famous cavalry officer, General John H. Morgan. In 1863 he par¬ ticipated in the historic raid into Kentucky, Ohio and Indiana, and was with General Morgan when he was captured. Mr. Bogle escaped by swimming the Ohio river, his superior officer being confined in the Ohio penitentiary for some time before his escape.

On the 5th of October, 1876, Jerome Bogle wedded Emma H. Cole, a native of Cloverdale, Indiana, bom on the same day of the month eighteen years before. She is the daughter of Samuel S. and Elizabeth (Egnor) Cole, her father being a native of Hamilton, Ohio, and her mother of Indiana. When quite a young man Samuel Cole came to Indi¬ ana from Ohio, in 1849 locating at Cloverdale, Indiana, where he engaged in the harness business and Uiet his future wife. In 1872 he located at Bowling Green, continuing in the same line for eleven years, and in 1882 making another change of business headquarters to Worthington, Greene county. He is still actively engaged in business at that place, being in partnership with his son, Charles B. Cole, who, with Mrs. Bogle, is the only surviving child. The father has been an untiring worker in the upbuilding of the Methodist church for the past fifty years. Fraternally he is a Mason, and politically a Republican. He was master of the Masonic lodge at Cloverdale for several years, and on his removal to Worthington assisted in restoring the charter to Green Lodge No. 577, of which lodge he was master for eight years.

Chauncy Neal Robison. - The Robison family have been identified with the interests of Clay county since 1854, when John Robison, the grandfather of Chauncy N., established his home in Dick Johnson town¬ ship, and the name has ever since been prominently identified with its agricultural development. Mr. Robison was a native of Ohio, and after moving westward purchased eighty acres of land in Dick Johnson town¬ ship, which he partly cleared and improved and which was his home until within one year of his death, going then to Kansas and dying there. He was a life-long supporter of Republican principles, a valued and worthy member of the Christian church, and a man honored and revered by all who knew him, and his acquaintances and friends were many. He mar¬ ried Marv Baker, and they became the parents of ten children, six sons and four daughters. The mother was a strict member of the Christian church.

One of this family was Thomas Robison, who was born in Ohio, March 11, 1840, and he was but fourteen years of age at the time of the emigration of his parents to Indiana. He attended in his youth the early schools of Dick Johnson township, and in about the year of 1870 he moved to Vigo county and bought a farm of eighty acres and remained there until 1895, when he left the farm to live with his children. He served two years and eight months in the Civil war, participating in much hard service dur¬ ing that time. He is not bound by party ties in his political affiliations, and is a member of the Christian church. Mr. Robison was married in Brazil, December 20, 1868, to Martha Jane Shattuck, who was born in Williamstown and moved to Brazil at the age of six, and their family numbers three children: John Franklin, born March 11, 1870; Chauncy Neal, born February 16, 1873; and Theodore Ross, born January 8, 1875, the eldest born in Clay county and the remainder in Vigo county. The mother died when the youngest child was eight years of age. She was a member of the Christian church.

Chauncy N. Robison received his educational training in the schools of Vigo county, and in Clay county, on the 23d of August, 1896, he was married to Minnie Mercine Carter, a daughter of Lucius and Barbara A. (Huffman) Carter, prominent and well-known farmers of Dick Johnson township, where their daughter was born and reared. The only child of this union is Josie May, born May 10, 1897. The wife and mother died on the 29th of January, 1899, and 011 ^le 2Ist °f October, 1902, Mr. Robi¬ son wedded Katherine Kennedy, who was born in Dick Johnson township, Clay county, November 12, 1881, a daughter of James and Martha J.

(Horahan) Kennedy. The father is a miner and one of the prominent early residents of Dick Johnson township, and his father, John Kennedy, assisted in sinking the first shaft in Brazil*. Mrs. Robison attended the district schools of Dick Johnson township and the state normal at Terre Jlaute, and during three terms after the completion of her educational training she taught in the schools of that township. Mr. and Mrs. Robison have two sons, Ernest, born July 23, 1903; and James Thomas, October 23, 1905, both born on the home farm. Mr. Robison came to his present homestead in 1896, where he owns a valuable and well improved tract of eighty acres and makes a specialty of the raising of wheat and horses. His politics are Democratic where national issues are concerned. His wife is a member of the Methodist church.

Wiluam Berrisford. - A self-made man in every sense implied by the term, William Bcrrisford is one of the many well-to-do citizens of Clay county who came to the United States poor in purse but possessing an unlimited stock of energy and perseverance, and who by untiring indus¬ try and good management have succeeded in acquiring a fair amount of this world's goods. The owner of a well-kept farm in Van Buren town¬ ship, he is engaged in tilling the soil, each year adding to the improvements of his estate. A native of England, he was born July 23, 1852, in Ipstones, Staffordshire, where his father, John Berrisford, spent his entire life.

At the age of twelve years William Berrisford began to be a wage earner, and the following six years worked at mining in his native county. Determining then to take advantage of the many opportunities offered the poor man in America for obtaining a living, he crossed the broad Atlantic, arriving in New York with no other available capital than good health, strong muscles, willing hands and a most resolute spirit. Proceeding westward to Ohio, he was for three years employed at mining about four and one-half miles from Akron. The following year he spent in Clav county, Indiana, after which he worked for a short period in the Missouri mines. Going from there to Illinois, Mr. Berrisford worked for a few months near East Saint Louis, and was afterwards in the lead mines at Rosiclare, the same state. He then came back to Clay county, staying in this vicinity until 1876, when he migrated to Colorado, and there for ten months was employed in mining at Erie, Weld county. Returning to Clay county, Mr. Berrisford has since been a resident of Van Buren town¬ ship, living mostly in the vicinity of Knightsville, although for a time his home was in Carbon. In 1887 he bought a place in that part of Knights¬ ville known as New England, and lived there twenty-five years. Then, in 1902, he purchased forty acres of land on the National Road, two miles east of the court house, and on an elevation commanding a fine view of the surrounding country built the modern house which he has since occu¬ pied.

On February 18, 1875. Mr. Berrisford married Annie Liddell. She was born in Shields, Northumberland county, England, May 17, 1855. Her parents, Joseph and Mary (Ladlv) Liddell, natives of the same county, came to America in 1862 and settled in Hubbard, Ohio, where the death of Mrs. Liddell occurred soon after. About 1870 Mr. Liddell came with his family to Clay county, this state, and a few years later removed to Illinois, where he spent the remainder of his life. To him and his wife four children were born, as follows: Anna, Maggie, Elizabeth and Jennie. Of the union of Mr. and Mrs. Berrisford eight children were born,

William, born May n, 1877, married Sophia Salmond, and died August 20, 1902, leaving two children, Willie and Margaret. John, born January 25, 1887, after his graduation from the Knightsville High School, attended the Brazil High School for a year. He died May 17, 1907. Eliza¬ beth, wife of John E. Carpenter, has three children, Anna, Lottie and Fern. Joseph married Myrtle Brown. Fraternally Mr. Berrisford is a member of Knightsville Lodge, No. 409, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons; and of Knightsville Lodge, Knights of Pythias. Mrs. Berris¬ ford is a member of Knightsville Chapter, No. 238, Order of the Eastern Star; of lodge No. 205, Pythian Sisters; and of Knightsville Lodge, Daughters of Rebekah. She is a woman of deep religious convictions, and a valued member of the Methodist Episcopal church.

Albert Caldwell Burnham. - An Indiana man by birth and breed¬ ing, Albert C. Burnham has been identified with many of the industries of the state and is now numbered among the much respected and highly esteemed residents of Clay City. A son of Alexander Burnham, he was born October 17, 1843, m Sugar Creek township, Vigo county, in the log house built by his father in pioneer days. His grandfather, Orange Burnham, served in the war of 1812, after which he became one of the early settlers of Tennessee, and at a later day was a pioneer of Vigo county, Indiana, where he spent the closing years of his long life, passing away in the ninety-ninth year of his age.

Born in the Short Mountain district of Tennessee, Alexander Burn¬ ham lived in his native state until after his marriage. Starting west¬ ward then with his bride, he came to Vigo county, Indiana, making the entire journey on horseback, the one horse doing for both of them. Entering government land in Sugar Creek township, he built a log cabin for a dwelling place, began the improvement of his land, and by dint of sturdy industry and persistent energy established a good homestead and was there employed in tilling the soil until his death, at the age of fiftysix years. His wife, whose maiden name was Cynthia Skerlock, was born in Tennessee, not far from his birthplace, a daughter of Thomas Skerlock. She died in Sugar Creek township at the early age of fortyfive years. She was the mother of ten children, all of whom grew to years of maturity, namely: Mary, Sylvanus, Albert Caldwell, James, Harriet, William S., Lottie, John, Ann and Callie.

Albert C. Burnham obtained his early education in the typical log school house of pioneer times, with slab benches and no desks, the board placed against one side of the cabin serving as a place upon which the pupils could write. Deer and wild turkeys were very plentiful when he was a boy, and timber wolves were destructive to the young stock, which had to be carefully guarded from their attacks. Reared to agricultural pursuits, he selected farming as his early occupation, and at the death of his father bought the interest of the other heirs in the parental home¬ stead, and continued its management for nine years. Selling the old farm, he then went to Terre Haute, where he was engaged in the wood and coal business for some time. In 1884, having disposed of interests in that locality, Mr. Burnham located in Clay City, and, in partnership with his brother James, was for five years engaged in the manufacture of tile. He subsequently spent two years in Indianapolis and two years

On January 14, 1883. Mr. Burnham married Ellen Kilmer, who was born in Holmes county, Ohio. She is a daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth Kilmer, of whom a brief sketch appears on another page of this volume.

Frank M. Myers, prominent farmer and stock raiser in Posey town¬ ship, was born in Brazil, Indiana, November 19, 1850. His father, Will¬ iam Y. Myers, for many years a well-known farmer near that town, was born in Orange county, Indiana, and was but a boy at the time of his removal with his parents to Brazil, and about two years after his marriage he located on a farm in Dick Johnson county, where at one time he owned one hundred and sixty acres, having cleared and improved the most of the tract. He finally moved to Nebraska, where he died in 1900, a life-long Democrat and a member of the Christian church. He married in Dick Johnson township Lucy Akers, whose father, Luke Akers, was one of the early pioneers of Clay county, coming from Vir¬ ginia and locating in Dick Johnson township, where his daughter was afterward born. He entered a farm from the government there, and lived under a poplar tree until he had cleared a sufficient space on which to erect his log cabin. His family numbered eleven children, all of whom were born in that township, two sons and nine daughters. He was a Democrat politically, and died when his daughter Lucy was young. Three children, two sons and a daughter, were born to Mr. and Mrs. Myers, Frank, Mary Jane and Daniel W., the last named now deceased.

In the fall of 1870 Frank Myers was married to Harriett E. Mor¬ gan, who was born and reared in Posey township, her father, Newton Morgan, having been one of the prominent early pioneers of Clay county, and they have had six children, Dennis O., Laura, Byron, John A., Anna and Florence, but Dennis, Laura and John are deceased. All were born in Posey township.

After his marriage Mr. Myers purchased* his present homestead of eighty acres, of which he has cleared twenty acres, and his land is fertile and well improved. He has given his political support from the age of maturity to the Democratic party, and has been quite active in its local ranks. He is a member of the Knights and Ladies of Honor and of the United Brethren church. #

Joseph L. Werner. - Among the enterprising and progressive men who are identified with the manufacturing interests of Clay City is Joseph L. Werner, who as a harness maker is carrying on a successful business. A native of Clay county, he was born in Harrison township May 1 6, 1868, a son of Louis Werner.

Louis Werner was born in 1831, in Bolonden, Wurtemberg, Ger¬ many. At the age of sixteen years, having previously completed his early education and worked for a while at the butcher's trade, he emigrated to America, being ninety days in crossing the Atlantic. Two of his brothers, Frederick and Jacob, and one sister, Catherine, also came to this country to live. Spending but a few days in New York City, Louis Werner con¬ tinued his journey westward as far as Ohio, where he found employment on a farm in Coshocton county. In 1853 he pushed still farther towards the western frontier, coming to Clay county, Indiana, and locating in Harrison township, where, on section five, he bought from the govern- ment eighty acres of Erie Canal land. Clearing a space in the heavy growth of timber with which it was covered he built a log house, which became the birthplace of all of his children. Industrious, vigorous and courageous, he labored with a hearty good will to subdue the forest, and in the course of a few years had placed the greater part of the land in a good state of cultivation. He made various and substantial improve¬ ments on the homestead, replacing the original cabin by a modernly con¬ structed frame house, erected a large barn and such other, outbuildings as are required on a well-conducted farm, and from time to time pur¬ chased different tracts of land until at the time of his death he owned in Clay county, in addition to his Clay City property, two hundred and twenty acres of land, and land in Iowa besides. Renting his land in 1896, he removed to Clay City, and there lived retired, enjoying the fruits of his earlier years of toil, until his death, February 7, 1905.

The maiden name of the wife of Louis Werner was Catherine Sigle. She was a native of Wurtemberg, Germany, and when a child came with her parents and her maternal grandparents to America. Her father died just a day or two after landing in New York City, and her mother and her grandparents proceeded to Ohio, where, after grown to womanhood, she met and married Mr. Werner. She has two brothers in this country, John Sigle, of Missouri, and Ferdinand Sigle, of Kansas, and two sis¬ ters, Margaret and Rebecca. She died April 5, 1908. She reared ten children, namely: Mary, Frederica, Matilda, Tena, Anna, Martha, Lu¬ cinda, Joseph L., Frank and Clara.

Brought up on the home farm, Joseph L. Werner attended the dis¬ trict schools when young, and as soon as old enough began to assist his father in clearing the land and tilling the soil. When sixteen years of age he went to Greenleaf, Washington county, Kansas, where he worked at the harness maker's trade with an uncle for eighteen months. He sub¬ sequently followed his trade as a journeyman in that state, working in Marion six months and at McPherson a year. Returning in 1889 to Clay county, Mr. Werner's father presented him with seventy-five dollars in gold, and with this capital he established himself in business as a harness maker, and continued thus employed until 1896. Going then to Iowa, Mr. Werner was for a short time employed in farming in Crawford county, after which he removed to Modale, Harrison county, where he carried on farming and stock-raising for eight years. Disposing then of his Iowa property, he came back to Clay City and bought out the business which he had sold ten years before, in the purchase being included many of the tools which he had previously sold.

On May 26, 1889, Mr. Werner married Samantha C. Summerlot, who was born in Owen county, Indiana, October 30, 1869, a daughter of William Summerlot, Jr. Her grandfather, William Summerlot, Sr., was, as far as known, a native of Ohio, and was of German ancestry. Coming from there to Owen county, Indiana, in 1846, he bought wild land in Marion township, and there cleared and improved a good homestead. Thrifty and industrious, he accumulated money, and making judicious investments became the owner of about five hundred acres of good land. On the farm which he improved he lived until his death in 1888, at the advanced age of eighty-two years. His wife, whose maiden name was Annie Miller, was born in Pennsylvania, and died in 1887, aged seventyfour years, in Indiana. Her father, David Miller, a native of Pennsyl-

William Summerlot, Jr., the father of Mrs. Werner, was born March 16, 1843, in Ohio, and at the age of three years was brought by his par¬ ents to Marion township, Owen county, where he grew to man's estate. When ready to begin life on his own account he bought a tract of land in Harrison township. Clay county, and has since been here successfully employed in general farming and stock-raising. He married Charity A. Bolton, who was born in Ohio July 16, 1844, a daughter of Louis Bolton, a native of Germany. Her grandfather, Jolih Bolton, emigrated from the fatherland to this country with his family, settling first in Virginia, but from there migrating to Ohio, where he followed farming and shoe¬ making until his death. Louis Bolton married Eliza Batson, who was born in Pennsylvania, a daughter of Henry and Elizabeth (Laramore) Batson, and they reared two children, John, a farmer in Harrison town¬ ship; and Airs. Werner. Air. and Airs. Werner have two children, namely: Vernilia Verdonia and Leola Gwendolene. The eldest daughter, Vernilia V., is a natural artist, and the home is adorned with beautiful specimens of her skill as an artist at the early age of fourteen years. People of sterling integrity and worth, Air. and Airs. Werner are held in high esteem throughout the community in which they live, and Airs. Werner and her children are valued members of the United Brethren church.

Henry Spelbring is proprietor of that fine piece of agricultural property known as "The Indian Camp Stock Farm/' located in section 5, Washington township, and as a prosperous and honorable German- American well represents the thrift and enterprise of his ancestral race transplanted to the broader fields and more favorable conditions of the United States. His father, John H. Spelbring, was born in Prussia, Ger¬ many, and came with his parents, George and Catherine, to Pennsylvania in 1836. His wife (formerly Hester Bauman) was born in the Keystone state, and soon after her marriage removed with her husband to Owen county, Indiana. The husband entered government land in Jackson town¬ ship, cleared it of timber, cultivated and improved it, and upon that home¬ stead were born the three daughters and five sons of his family. The faithful mother of the family passed away in 1857. In 1888, havingreached a prosperous station in life, unclouded by questionable acts or methods, he removed to Poland, Washington township, where he died on the 5th of July, 1906.

Hgnry Spelbring was the third child in the family, and resided with his parents until he was twenty years of age, at that period of his life turning temporarily from the fields to the carpenter's bench. But after steadily applying himself to that trade for ten years, he returned to his old love by purchasing eighty acres of land in Washington township, upon which he erected such buildings as are now considered necessities in the establishment of the modern country homestead and farm. Im¬ provements of the most substantial kind kept pace with additions to the land, until at the present time Air. Spelbring and his wife own two hun¬ dred and seventy acres of as finely developed property as can be found in Washington township. Although general farming is conducted as an important feature of his interests, Mr. Spelbring makes a specialty of raising horses, cattle and hogs, and "The Indian Camp Stock Farm" is widely known for its excellent management and its fine specimens of live stock. Outside of this noticeable creation in the way of agricul¬ tural property, he is chiefly interested in his family (which is really first), his church and the fraternity, Knights of Pythias. In the latter he is a member of Poland Lodge No. 364, and has long been identified with the German Reformed church. In his political belief he is a Democrat. On March 16. 1876, Mr. Spelbring was married to Miss Martha Kattman, who was born in Washington township on the 3rd of March, 1857, daughter of Christopher Kattman. The children born to this union are as follows: Louis F., of Cass township; Orville, a resident of Poland, Indiana; Bertha, who married Rev. John Tapy, pastor of the Maplewood (Ohio) German Reformed church; Walter, Grace, Fred, Irvin and Roy, all of whom are at home.

Robert Anderson. - Classed among the enterprising and wide-awake business men of Poland, Clay county, is Robert Anderson, who as pro¬ prietor of a large sawmill is performing his full share in promoting and advancing the industrial activities of this part of the state. A son of Claudius Anderson, he was born January 13, 1844, in Dearborn county, Indiana, coming from sturdy and substantial Irish stock.

Claudius Anderson was born in Ireland, and for a number of years after his marriage to Jane Mann resided in county Tyrone, his birthplace. In September, 1830, he came with his wife and three children to the United States and located at first in Cincinnati, Ohio. In the spring of 1831 he continued his way westward in search of land that he could afford to buy. Arriving in Dearborn county, Indiana, he purchased a tract of land that was in its primitive wildness, and with true pioneer grit began the improvement of a homestead. He succeeded in his heroic efforts, and on the farm that he reclaimed spent the remainder of his life, dying in 1874, at the venerable age of four score and four years. His wife survived him six years, passing away in 1881, aged eighty-one years. They were the parents of nine children, six of whom were born in this country, and of this family but two are now living, John, a farmer in Morgan county, Indiana, and Robert, the subject of this brief sketch.

Leaving home at the age of twenty-two years, Robert Anderson, who was an ambitious student, subsequently attended the Bainbridge Academy two years, fitting himself for a professional career, and after¬ wards taught school eight terms, being employed in Dearborn county. Desirous then of establishing himself in business, Mr. Anderson went to Kansas, and for two years was engaged in mercantile pursuits in Olathe, handling groceries and general merchandise. Selling out at the end of that time he established himself in Rice county, Kansas, where he laid out the town of Kansas Center, of which he was made postmaster. Just as he was well settled, the grasshopper scourge came and drove away all of the people excepting Mr. Anderson, who left as soon as he sold his house, which was in reality the only one in the place. Returning then to Indiana, he lived with his mother until her death, as mentioned above. The fol¬ lowing six years, from 1881 until 1887, Mr. Anderson resided in Morgan county, carrying on an excellent business as a dealer in split staves and cross-ties. In 1887 he bought a stave factory in Henry county, Indiana, and in the ensuing year, in the month of May, he purchased timber on land in Clay county, and in the near-by town of Poland conducted a stave factory until it was burned to the ground in 1890. During those two years he carried on an extensive business, employing seventeen men in his factory. In his present mill Mr. Anderson keeps six men busily employed and does good work, making a specialty of sawing quarter oak and poplar, the products of his plant being widely known and always in demand.

On October 5, 1887, Mr. Anderson married Josephine Busald, who was born in Dearborn county, Indiana, a daughter of Francis and Mar¬ garet (Meister) Busald, natives of Germany. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Anderson, namely: Addie, born September 9, 1888, died July 21, 1893; and Francis Clyde, born May 1, 1895. Mr. Ander¬ son has been an earnest worker in the Democratic party for many years. Fraternally he was made a Mason in Burns Lodge, No. 55, of Manches¬ ter, Indiana, and afterward belonged to Olathe Lodge, No. 19, of Olathe, Kansas.

Albert Dinkel. - In the operation of his extensive florist business Albert Dinkel, of Brazil, combines fine executive qualities with a scientific knowledge of his avocation and an enthusiastic love of flowers - the last named trait having a not unimportant bearing on the successful cultiva¬ tion of all forms of plant life. Perhaps this trait was inherited, the other elements of his skill and efficiency coming as the result of long experi¬ ence and close application to the mastery of the smallest detail of the business. He was born in Pennsylvania, on the 31st of March, 1859, and when he was six years of age the family came from the Keystone state to Terre Haute, Indiana, where the father passed many years as a butcher and gardener, and died June 18, 1908. Early in his boyhood Albert worked for his brother George in a nail factory, assisting his father also in his gardening. The latter feature of the business proved so agreeable to him that he decided to learn the florist's business, his first experience of two years being with Lawrence Heinl, of Terre Haute, after which he was identified with John Heinl, in the same line, until May, 1891.

The latter date marks the coming of Mr. Dinkel to Brazil, and the establishment there of an independent and flourishing business. His plant is now the finest in the county, and is the only one in this section of the state that has 12,000 square feet of light. His home trade is large and supported by the most substantial people of the community, and he also ships quite an amount of plants and cut flowers, as well as floral designs. Connected with his establishment is a heating plant of such capacity that it supplies heat for two blocks of store rooms and offices. Mr. Dinkel's first stand was on the site of the public library in a building forty-eight by sixteen feet, and this was the headquarters of his business until 1901, when he bought the property which he now occupies at No. 25 North Walnut street. In politics Mr. Dinkel is a firm Democrat, and his popularity and good business qualities were recognized in November, 1904, by his election to the office of city and township assessor. He is also widely known as an active participant in the work of the fraternal and benevolent orders, holding membership in the following: Centennial Lodge, No. 541, F. & A. M.; Brazil Lodge, No. 30, Knights of Pythias, Uniform Rank, No. 39; Lodge No. 3418, M. W. of A.; Brazil Lodge, No. 762, B. P. O. E. ; and Order of Home Defenders of America, No. 1.

William and Martha (Schenberger) Dinkel were the parents of Albert, the former born in Germany, in 1829, and the mother in Penn¬ sylvania, in 1827. She survives her husband, who died in 1908, and now lives in Terre Haute, spending her declining years in an honorable and comfortable retirement. William Dinkel emigrated to America when he was fifteen years of age, coming hither with his parents on a vessel which made the ocean trip in thirty-one days. From New York city the family removed to Pennsylvania, where William married Martha Schenberger, and where four children were born, of whom those still alive are: George, William, and Albert, of this sketch. In 1865 the parents brought their family to Indiana, locating in Terre Haute on April 15th of that year. There the father established himself as a butcher and gardener, purchas¬ ing as a homestead and business site a tract of ten acres on East College street. At this location he continued to rear his family in ways of honor and thrift, and engaged in active business until his retirement in 1905. Both he and his wife were stanch German Lutherans, and he himself always cast his vote for the Democracy.

Albert Dinkel married Miss Emma J. Montgomery, on the 13th of October, 1880, his wife being a native of Marshall county, Illinois, where she was born in November, 1859. She is a daughter of Alexander and Amanda (Summerville) Montgomery, and is the youngest of three chil¬ dren. The others of the family are Melissa, who married John Van Sickle, and S. Frank, who is a school teacher in Brazil. Mr. and Mrs. Albert Dinkel are the parents of the following: Frances, wife of Fred Weaver, of Brazil ; Ruby, Alberta and Albert Reese.

Abram W. Turner, who has been closely identified with the interests of Brazil and surrounding country for many years, was born in Wayne county, Indiana, December 15, 1835, son of Jeptha and Martha (Gaar) Turner. Jeptha Turner, the father, was the first white child bom in Wayne county. He was born in the neighborhood in which he died, Octo¬ ber 29, 1806, and was at the date of his death aged seventy-eight years, seven months and fifteen days. He lived in the place of his birth all of his life, and had much to do with the developing of the county. January 14, 1830, he was married to Martha Gaar, by James P. Burgess, a justice of the peace. To them were born six sons and three daughters, as follows : Larkin G. ; Levi P. ; Abram W. ; Sarah Jane, wife of John Endsley ; Eliza Ann ; M. V. B. ; John Milton ; whose sketch follows this : Martha Ellen, who died aged twenty-eight years; Jesse D. Jeptha Turner's par¬ ents were John and Mary (Holman) Turner. John Turnei came from Kentucky at a very early day and was a pioneer in Wayne county ; was the first sheriff and a progressive farmer all his life. Of Jeptha Turner it may be added that he was an ideal citizen. He was a man of intelli¬ gence and became a leader in the society of his neighborhood. He pos¬ sessed a rare and excellent judgment and entered with zeal in whatever he undertook to accomplish. In politics he was of the strict Jeffersonian Democratic stripe. About ten years prior to his death, he united with the Baptist church, in which he became an active member. He was cousin of Hon. William S. Holman. Martha (Gaar) Turner, the mother, was a native of Wayne county, Indiana, born September 25, 1810, and died September 15, 1890.

Abram W. Turner, of this notice, spent' his youthful days on his father's farm and attended school winters, until he was twenty-four years of age. In i860 he went overland to Denver, Colorado, by means of ox teams, leaving Nebraska City, Nebraska, April 26, i860, and arrived at Denver June 5 of that year. He was a miner and prospector until the autumn of 1864, hi both Colorado and Montana. He made his return trip, a distance of fourteen hundred miles, with mule teams. In the spring of i8(>7 he located in Brazil, Indiana, in the drug business, which he conduct¬ ed in a successful manner until 1870, when he engaged in the woolen mill business, continuing until 1884, when he was elected clerk of the Clay county circuit court, which position he held four years ; then acted as deputy clerk for about four years more. He next engaged in the dry goods trade and is at present associated with YYehrlc & Sowar Company.

Like many another of the up-to-date men of his times, Mr. Turner is connected with civic societies, in which he has been deeply interested for many years. He was made a Mason in July, 1866, in Cornelius Lodge, Xo. 262, of Abingdon, Wayne county, Indiana, and now belongs to Cen¬ tennial Lodge, Xo. 541, A. F. and A. M.; Brazil Chapter, Xo. 59, Royal Arch Masons; Brazil Council, Xo. 40, R. & S. M. ; Brazil Commandery, Xo. 47, Knights Templar. He is also a member of Brazil Lodge, Xo. 30, Knights of Pythias, as well as holding membership with the Knights of Honor fraternity. Politically, he supports the Democratic ticket and has served as councilman in Brazil. He was united in marriage to Catherine Wehrle. July 19, 1876. Mrs. Turner was born in Xewark. Ohio, in 1853, the daughter of Sebastian and Annie ( Woolinsnider ) Wehrle. (See sketch of Frank J. Wehrle for family history.) The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Turner are as follows: Martha, wife of Dr. E. (i. Glasgo, of Brazil. Indiana: Irene, wife of John H. Holliday, who now lives at Washington, District of Columbia, where he is secretary to his father, Hon. E. S. Holliday; Lester, who married Sadie Murphy; Loretta; Wallace; Clyde; Hubert.

John Milton Turner, well known in the vicinity of Brazil as a business man, county official and a most excellent citizen, was born in Wayne county, Indiana, June 22, 1847, son °f Jep^la and Martha (Gaar) Turner. On the father's side Mr. Turner is from French extraction, while on the maternal side he traces his lineage back to John and Eliza¬ beth Gar, of German ancestry. The name is now spelled Gaar. John Gar was born in Bavaria, November 17, 1657, and died in that country, May 22, 1738. John and Elizabeth Gar were the parents of four children.