Pleasant Township (part 1 of 2)

Pleasant Township

There was not one of the pioneers of Johnson County, about whom so much has been written and spoken, and of whom so little is known, as Daniel Loper. In October, 1820, Simon Covert, Jacob Demaree, Prettyman Burton, George King and some others made a tour through Central Indiana, and, on their return, crossed White River at Whetzels, and followed his trace out to the crossing of the Indian trail, now within the limits of Pleasant Township. At that place a little cabin was newly built, the roof was partly on, and a family had just come up the trace from the east, and were ready to take possession. This is the first heard of Daniel Loper, the first white inhabitant of two townships of Johnson County - Pleasant and Clark. But Loper did not remain long in his cabin at the crossing. Nathaniel Bell, from Ohio, "entered him out" in December of 1821, and Loper moved over to Camp Creek.

Bell was a man of bad character, so much so that persons hunting homes in the woods shunned him and his place ; and, unlike most other men who came in to stay at that date, he was not the founder of a neighborhood. It was currently reported of him, and generally believed, that he availed himself of the opportunities that were presented to extort money from travelers who stopped at his cabin, by secreting their horses in the woods, and then, for a sufficient reward, returning the animals.

As soon as settlers began coming in, Bell built a horse-mill, the first of the kind in the county. This was a very primitive affair, the tub in which the stone revolved being a section of a hollow sycamore, and the harness with which the horses were hitched to the levers being of rawhide. But Bell was an unworthy miller, and so managed the grists that came to his mill as to steal more of the corn and meal than he took by lawful toll. He wore the sleeves of his hunting shirt open and large, and he not only managed to pick up a few extra grains while tolling the grist, but, on the pretense of examining the meal as it came from the spout, he managed to catch in his open sleeves a good share of the meal, and then folding his arms about him he sauntered to his own chest or to his cabin and unloaded. Sometimes his victims would remonstrate with him, but his usual reply was, " Well, the little old man must live." On one occasion, it is said that the miller's sleeves being well gorged with meal, the horses took fright, ran away and knocked the mill stones from their frail scaffolding, and otherwise damaged the property. Bell himself received a blow from the flying debris that knocked him down and scattered the meal stored in his ample sleeves. Shame or conscience so worked upon him that he promised to do better in the future, but his promise was soon broken ; he never mended his ways. For many years after the settlement of the county, every man's stock ran in the range, and hogs soon became wild, and, when fattened on the mast, were hunted and shot by their owners the same as were the deer. Bell, it was believed, made a practice of killing other men's hogs, and once at a log-rolling, Permenter Mullenix, who had lost hogs, charged Bell with the theft. Apparently much shocked that such a charge should be made, he went to Indianapolis and employed Judge Wick, then practicing law, and Calvin Fletcher, to prosecute Mullenix for slander. The action was accordingly begun, but Mullenix made good his defense by proving the charge to be true, whereupon the grand jury indicted Bell, and he was tried, convicted and sent to the penitentiary, the first convict sent from the county.

In 1823, John B. Smock and Isaac Smock moved from Mercer County, Ky., and settled near the head-waters of Pleasant Run. A road was cut out to Franklin, but from thereon the Smocks were compelled to bush their own way, and they were two days about it. The next year their brother James followed them, and, in 1825, Garrett Brewer, Garrett Vandiver, Garrett Sorter, Robert Lyons and Joseph, John and Samuel Alexander also came. The Smock settlement was a half-way house between Franklin and Indianapolis, and from this may be accounted the fact of its comparatively slow growth for many years. Up to about 1830, it appears that the number moving in was quite small. In addition to those already mentioned may be named John Comingore, who came in 1826, Cornelius Smock in 1827, Alexander Wilson in 1828, and Isaac Voris in 1829.

In 1824, the State road was cut out, and notwithstanding the country in the center and south side of the township was inclined to be wet, settlers shortly began making entries of land, and, in 1828, David Trout, and a little later in the year James Tracy and his grown sons, Nathaniel, Thomas and John, William Pierce and James Chenoweth built cabins and started clearings extending from the center of the township southward. All these men, excepting the Alexanders, who were Pennsylvanians, and David Trout, who was a Virginian, and had moved from Nineveh, were Kentuckians.

On the 4th day of May, 1829, Pleasant Township was created by striking off from White River all the territory east of the range line, making the west boundary the same as it now is ; but, up to 1838, Clark Township formed a part of Pleasant. Elections were ordered to be held at the house of Isaac Smock, and Isaiah Lewis was appointed inspector. The township took its name from its principal stream, Pleasant Run. Two explanations have been given, accounting for the name of the creek, one of which is, that when the country was first settled the stream was a gently flowing, pleasant running stream ; and the other that it was the reverse of this, and the name was given by way of irony.

Here, as everywhere else, it is difficult to fix upon the years when men moved in, but it is certain that an impetus was now given to immigration into the township. By mid-summer of 1834, the following persons are known to have moved into and about the Smock neighborhood, to wit : the Comingores - Henry and Samuel - the McColloughs, John Lyons, Peter Whitenack, Samuel Eccles, the Henrys, Robert, Hiram and Samuel, J. D. and William Wilson, John and James Carson, Dr. William Woods, Wm. McGee and sons, William and Joseph Brenton, Marine D. West, Berryman Carder and the Todds. All these were from Kentucky, except the Henrys, from Virginia, the Wilsons who were from North Carolina, the Woods, the McCulloughs and the Carsons who were from Tennessee. Lower down in the Tracy and Trout neighborhoods, Thomas Gant, the Hills, Littleton, Joseph, Squire and Charles, James Stewart, Dayul Leinraasters, Reuben Davis, William McClelland, Daniel, David and John Brewer, Robert Smith, Abraham Sharp, and probably others, moved in, while over toward the southeast corner and east side came in Thomas Graham and his three sons, Samuel, James and Archibald, and also Lewis Graham, Isaac Clem and Andrew McCaslin, followed soon after by Ashford Dowden, Abraham Banta, Solomon Steele, Jacob Peggs and others. By the close of 1834, persons were located all over the township, but it could not be said to be fairly inhabited before 1840.

The first sermon preached in Pleasant Township was at the house of John C. Smock, in 1824, by the Rev. George Bush, who afterward became a professor in a theological school in New York, and wrote "Bush's Notes on the Gospels," and a life of Mohammed. A Presbyterian Church was organized in the Smock neighborhood, the first in the township, after which a meeting-house was built, which was used for a time as a schoolhouse.

About 1828, James Richabaugh undertook to operate a cotton spinning factory and a carding machine in a frame building. He put it up a mile or less south of the present town of Greenwood, but his venture proved a failure.

Pleasant Township is favorably located. It has a thrifty, industrious people, who are blessed with a good soil, and who have had the enterprise to utilize their gravel deposits in the building of gravel roads.

Source changes here: from History of Johnson County, Indiana : from the Earliest Time to the Present, with Biographical Sketches, Notes, Etc. Together with a Short History of the Northwest, the Indiana Territory, and the State of Indiana, by Banta, D. D. (David Demaree), published 1888; 20,740 words in this source stream.

Pleasant Township

January 21, 1859, deceased; Lillie M., deceased, and Marshall (twins), March 3, 1871. The mother of these children was born November 6, 1836. He and wife are members of the Christian

Samuel V. Alexander, a prominent farmer and well-to-do citizen of Pleasant Township, was born on a farm in that township, October 3, 1842, and was the son of Joseph S. and Matilda (Jones) Alexander, the former of whom was the son of John and Elizabeth Alexander, and the latter was the daughter of Jubal and Jane (Suiter) Jones. His father was born about the 17th day of March, 1819. He was drowned while fording White River, on horseback, September 15, 1855. He was a farmer by occupation, and was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The mother of our subject was born in Pleasant Township, this county, about the 27th day of November, 1824. She was married to Joseph S. Alexander, in 1840, and about four years after his death, she was married to David' Scott. She died in Pleasant Township, November 8, 1868. John Alexander was born March 24, 1780, and died in Pleasant Township, April 5, 1855. His wife, Elizabeth Alexander, was born December 3, 1780, and died in Pleasant Township, December 13, 1872. The first wife of Joseph S. Alexander was Elizabeth Lyons. When the subject of this sketch was yet a little child his parents located in the northeast part of Clark Township, but when he was eleven years old they returned" Jo Pleasant Township, where the rest of his youth was spent. He took up the vocation of a farmer for himself at about sixteen years of age. Mr. Alexander served his country in the Union army three years, having been enrolled as a private in Company D, Twenty-sixth Indiana Infantry, July 28, 1861. He received an honorable discharge at Indianapolis, September 21, 1864. He was in the battle of Prairie Grove, Ark., the siege of Vicksburg, and many other skirmishes. When Mr. Alexander returned from the war he resumed farming in Pleasant Township, which he has since continued. He has occupied his present home since the latter part of December, 1866. On the 29th of March, 1866, he was married to Mary J. Cox. She was born in Pleasant Township, July 6, 1846, and was the daughter of Irvin and Matilda A. (Davis) Cox, the former of whom was the son of Jonathan and Susannah Cox, and the latter was the daughter of Reuben and Mary (Brown) Davis. Her father was born in Hamilton County, Ohio, October n, 1825, and died at Xenia, Ind., January 23, 1884. He was a minister of the United Brethren Church. The mother of Mrs. Alexander was born July 27, 1830, in Pleasant Township, and now resides in Indianapolis. Our subject and wife have had six children: William J., born May 13, 1867; Elizabeth A., July 18, 1868; Martha N., September 18, 187 1, deceased; the next was a boy that was born April 3, 1873, and died unnamed; Mirpie B., October 16, 1875; Rssa P., October 17, 1881, deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Alexander are members of the United Brethren Church. The former is a member of the G. A. R., and he is a republican in politics. He owns 104 acres of land, about eighty of which are in cultivation. It contains a handsome slate-roofed frame residence, and is otherwise well-improved. The wife of Mr. Alexander owns a farm of forty acres, which is in Pleasant Township.

i Dr. James Beebe, of Whiteland, was born in Clermont County, Ohio, September 7, 1827, and was the son of Josiah and Elizabeth (McCollum) Beebe, both of whom were natives of the State of New Jersey. He was reared on a farm in his native county, and received a liberal education. In 1850 he took up the study of medicine, and during the winter of 1852-3, he attended a course of lectures in the Eclectic Medical College of Cincinnati. He also attended a course of lectures in that institution during the spring of 1853. He then came to this state, and after spending a short time in Shelby County, he came to Johnson County, and entered upon the practice of medicine at Clarksburg. In 1857 he retired from the practice and spent some time in Hendricks County, this state. In 1861 he again resumed the practice of medicine in this county, and from that time to the year 1868 he resided in the country east of Whiteland. In March, 1865, he became a volunteer in the Union army, and was mustered as a private in Company E, One Hundred and Forty-eighth Indiana Infantry, but was soon promoted to the rank of assistant surgeon. He received an honorable discharge September 5, 1865, at Indianapolis. In 1868, Dr. Beebe removed from his farm to Whiteland, in which he has resided ever since. His attention has been given to the practice of his profession. Since August, 1875, ne has performed the duties of agent for the J., M. & I. Railroad, at that place. Dr. Beebe was married in January, 1853, to Priscilla Beeler, and their marriage has resulted in the birth of one child, Joseph D. Beebe, who is now train dispatcher on the J., M. & I. Railroad. Dr. Beebe is a member of the Methodist Church, and of the Masonic lodge. In Masonry he has advanced as far as the rank of Knight Templar. Politically, Dr. Beebe is a republican; he is an influential and reliable man, and a first-class citizen.

6, 1830, and is the son of Joseph and Elizabeth (Peckingpaugh) Boone, the former of whom was born in Bucks County, Penn., August 4, 1785, and was the son of Thomas and Susan (Bromfield) Boone. He was married to Elizabeth Peckingpaugh, March

7, 181 1. He died in Hamilton County, Ohio, May 12, 1869. The mother of our subject was born near Reading, Penn., April 20, 1792, and was the daughter of Frederick Peckingpaugh. She died in Hamilton Count}', August 24, 1854. The subject of this sketch grew to manhood on a farm in his native county. He received in the district schools a knowledge of the ordinary branches of learning. In 1856, he came to Johnson County, and his home has ever since been in Pleasant Township. During the first three winters he spent in this county, he was a teacher in the public schools. He had become the owner of a farm in Pleasant Township, and his spare time was spent in improving and cultivating this. He was married September 26, i860, to Emeline Freeman. She was born in Franklin Township, this county, October 29, 1841, and was the daughter of Charles and Mary A. (Langston) Freeman, the former of whom was born in the State of New Jersey, December 11, 1808, and was the son of of John and Hannah (Brant) Freeman. He was married to Mary A. Langston, February 23, 1832. He moved with his family from Hamilton County, Ohio, to Johnson County, Ind., May 28, 1838, and settled on a tract of land which he had entered in Franklin Township. There he spent the rest of his life, his death occurring February 19, 1879. The mother of Mrs. Boone was born within the present limits of Union County, Ind., January 7, 1816, and was the daughter of Bennett and Mary

(Brown) Langston. She is still living, and continues to reside on the old Freeman homestead in Franklin Township. She is a first cousin of Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside. Immediately after their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Boone located on the farm they now occupy, which lies just east, and adjoining the town, of Whiteland. The life occupation of Mr. Boone has been farming. His farm contains 134^ acres, and is in a good state of improvement and cultivation. Mr. and Mrs. Boone have had five children: Elmer E., born October 25, 1861: Eva E., December 15, 1863; Charles J., July 23, 1866; Clara E., December 18, 1869, and Willie W., May 15, 1877, deceased. Our subject and wife and all of their children are members of the Presbyterian Church. Politically, Mr. Boone is a republican. He has served his township as justice of the peace one term. He is one of the successful farmers of this township, and he and wife are among its best citizens. Mr. Boone is a member of the Odd Fellows lodge, having joined it at twenty-one years of a^e. Mr. Boone's farm is the site of the old settlers' meetings of Johnson and adjoining counties.

Abram Brewer, of Pleasant Township, was born on the farm where he now lives, May 25, 1830, and was the son of Garrett C. and Mary (Van Birke) Brewer. His life occupation "has beenfarming. He was married December 6, 187 1, to Martha E. Purcell. She was born in Hancock County, Ind., October 1, 1843, and was the daughter of John and Sarah (Skinner) Purcell. Mr. and Mrs. Brewer have four children: Maggie F., born October 26, 1872; Jessie, November 19, 1876; Charles, July 29, 1879, and Hattie, September 19, 1882, all of whom are living. Mr. Brewer and wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. In politics, the the former is a republican. He owns 100 acres of land, about half of which is in cultivation.

Edgar D. Brewer, a prominent farmer of Pleasant Township, was born on the old Brewer homestead, three and one-half miles northwest of Franklin, March 25, 1850, and was the son of Daniel and Magdalene (Ditmars) Brewer. His father was born in Mercer County, Ky., June 18, 1814, and was the son of Daniel and Theodocia (Derland) Brewer, with whom he came to Johnson County in 1833. The family settled in the southern part of Pleasant Township, where Daniel Brewer, Sr., and Theodocia, his wife, spent the rest of their lives. Daniel Brewer, Jr., the father of our subject, was married four times, his second wife being our subject's mother. She was born in about 1826, and was the daughter of Garrett Ditmars. The father and mother of our subject were married some time during the year 1849, the mother dying April 2, 1862, and the father March 31, 1887. Edgar D. Brewer was reared on the old homestead in Franklin Township, and in addition to a good common school education, he was a student in Hopewell Academy three years. At the age of nineteen, he became a partner in a general store in Franklin, and gave his attention to this three years. In 1872, he turned his attention to saw-milling, and for three years he was connected with a saw-mill in Pleasant Township. He was married October 21, 1873, to Sallie Ann Beazley. She was born in Henry County, Ky., March 23, 1851, and was the daughter of Augustine and Sallie Ann (Webb) Beazley, the former of whom was born in Hensley County, Ky., September 1, 1805, and the latter was born in Henry County, Ky., August 20, 181 2. Her parents were married in Henry County, Ky., August 15, 1833. They both spent their entire lives in their native county, the former dying July 3, 1863, and the latter September 21, 1865. Augustine Beazley was the owner of a vast estate, and was also an extensive slave-holder. In August, 1874, Mr. a"d Mrs. Brewer located on the old Brewer homestead, where the former was born, and resided there until August, 1 88 1, when they removed to their present home in Pleasant Township. They now reside on a beautiful farm, one-half a mile west of Whiteland. It contains 104 acres, and is well improved and situated. Besides this, Mr. Brewer is now the owner of the old home farm, in Franklin Township. It contains 205 acres, and is also well improved. Our subject and wife have three children: Norma, born September 1, 1874; Jonn D., January 19, 1878, and Neva, March 24, 18S0; all of whom are living. Mr. and Mrs. Brewer are members of the Presbyterian Church. In politics, Mr. Brewer is a democrat. He is one of the leading farmers of the county, and he and wife are among its best citizens.

Harvey Brewer, a prominent druggist of Greenwood, was born on a farm upon which is built the town of Greenwood, April 19, 1844. He was the son of Abram V. and Delilah (Rice) Brewer, both of whom were natives of Mercer County, Ky., of German descent. They were reared and married in their native county, and came to Johnson County, and located on a tract of land where Greenwood now stands, in an early day. His boyhood was spent on the old homestead, and at fifteen years of age he entered Depauw University, where he attended two years. He then returned home and remained until he attained the age of twenty-two. At this age he started out into the world to do for himself. Making his way to Topeka, Kan., he there clerked in a drug store two years. He then returned to this county, and on the 7th day of October, 1869, he was married to Alice Polk, daughter of George W. and Mary (Embree) Polk, whose history is given elsewhere. In 1872, he became the proprietor of a drug store in that place, to which his attention has since been directed. He has enjoyed a good trade and one that has enabled him to accumulate considerable property. He has also dealt in money more or less. Besides his brick business block and elegant residence in Greenwood, he owns three farms which comprise a total acreage of 235 acres. The wife of Mr. Brewer, died May 1, 1886, leaving four children: Fred C, Maude F., Mamie A. and Alma M., all of whom are living. Mr. Brewer is a member of the Presbyterian Church, and of the Masonic fraternity, having reached the thirty-second degree. In politics, he is an ardent republican. He possesses good business qualifications, and is one of the substantial men of the county.

John D. Brewer, deceased, who was among the most prominent and substantial men of Johnson County, and who was a resident of Pleasant Township for a period of forty-eight years, was born in Mercer County, Ky., May 20, 1807. He was the son of Daniel and Theodocia (Derland) Brewer, the former of whom was born in New Jersey in i77°> and the latter was a native of Mercer County, Ky. In 1786 Daniel Brewer accompanied his parents to Mercer County, Ky., where he married Theodocia Derland, and came with her to Johnson County in 1834. They settled in Pleasant Township, and there spent the rest of their lives. Daniel Brewer was the son of Abram and Sarah (Truax) Brewer, both of whom were natives of New Jersey, the former beingborn in 1742, and was united in marriage on the 30th of June, 1766. They both died in that county, the former in 1825. Abram Brewer was the son of Everardus and Cornelia (DeLanoy) Brewer, the former of whom was born in the vicinity of New York City, in 1689, and was' married November 30, 1738. His entire life was spent in the vicinity of his birth-place. Everardus Brewer was the son of Jacob and Annette (Bogardus) Brewer, the former of whom was the son of Adam Brewer, and the latter was the daughter of Anneke Jans, the owner of the celebrated Anneke Jans estate in New York City. Adam Brewer was a native of Holland, but immigrated to America, and located on Manhattan Island, in 1642. (Jacob Brewer and Annette Bogardus were married on January 29, 1682.) The wife of Adam Brewer was Magdalena Verdon. John D. Brewer, the subject of this sketch, was reared on a farm ip his native county. He spent several years as a boat-hand on the Kentucky, Ohio and Mississippi rivers. He came to Johnson County in 1833 and entered a quarter section of land in the southern part of Pleasant Township, upon which he built a cabin and immediately set about clearing his land. It was soon developed into a farm, and later on this was enlarged by purchases and other entries, until he finally owned a farm of 800 acres. He was married January 6, 1841, to Fannie Webb. She was born in Henry County, Ky., January 28, 1821, and was the daughter of James and Hannah (Sanford) Webb, both of whom were natives of Virginia. Her father was the son of William and Catharine Webb, and her mother the daughter of Lawrence and Fannie Sanford. John D. Brewer and wife became the parents of ten children: Samuel E., born June 28, 1842 ; Hannah S., January 8, 1845, deceased; the next was a son that died unnamed; Sarah D.j November 12, 1849; Mary E., July 29, 1851; Etha J., October 6, 1853; Fannie D., September 6, 1855; Belle, February 4, 1859; Maggie E., July 19, 1861; Tellie, June 22, 1863. Mr. Brewer was a member of the Presbyterian Church, and was a democrat in politics. He died August 18, 1881. His surviving widow, who now resides in Whiteland, is also a member of the Presbyterian Church.

Samuel E. Brewer, a prominent citizen of Whiteland, was born on a farm near that place June 28, 1842, and was the son of John D. and Fannie (Webb) Brewer, the former of whom was born in Mercer County, Ky., May 20, 1807, and died at his home in Pleasant Township, August 18, 1881. His mother was born in Henry County, Ky., January 28, 1821, and now resides in Whiteland. Our subject was reared on the old Brewer homestead, working on the farm in summer, and attending public school in winter. At the age of twenty he entered Hopewell Academy, where he pursued his studies three years. He then took up the vocation of a teacher. This furnished his winter's employment for a period of five years, his labors as a teacher all being performed in Pleasant Township. In 1871 he turned his whole attention* to saw-milling, in which pursuit he was exclusively engaged until the fall of 1887. In September, 1S83, his mill was burned. In the meantime his residence near Whiteland was burned, in May, 1881. Mr. Brewer then became a resident of Whiteland, where he now occupies a very handsome residence, that was erected by him in 1883. In 1884, he rebuilt his saw-mill in Whiteland, and operated it until the fall of 18S7. His entire attention is now given to the business of the Whiteland Fruit Packing Company, of which institution he is secretary and book-keeper, and in which he is a heavy stockholder. He wa* married March 21, 1867, to Melissa A. Springer. She was born in Franklin, this county, January 28, 1844, and was the daughter of Cordnan and Orphia (Webb) Springer, the former of whom was born in Botetourt County, V a., in 1S12, and the latter was born in Kentucky, December 4, 1S10. He died in Whiteland in December, 1876, and his widow still resides in Whiteland. The father of Mrs. Brewer was a cousin of the late Reuben Springer, of Cincinnati. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Brewer has resulted in the birth of four children: Annie L., born March 13, 1868; Fannie E., May 2, 1871; Edward M., June 30, 1874, and Leona E., November 19, 1887, all of whom are living. The wife of Mr. Brewer is a member of the Presbyterian Church. In politics, Mr. Brewer is independent. He was elected to the office of justice of the peace in 1886. Mr. Brewer owns a well-improved farm in Pleasant Township, most of which is under cultivation. Mr. Brewer organized the Whiteland Band, and taught it for two years. He is yet one of its members, and probably entitled to more credit for its success than any, one else.

William A. Brooks, an honored old citizen of Pleasant Township, was born in Clinton County, N. Y., November 28, 1822, and was the son of. Gehial and Rebecca (Anson) Brooks, who were also natives of the State of New York. His boyhood was spent on a farm in his native county. At seventeen years of age he accompanied his widowed mother to Madison, this state, where they remained some five or six years, and during that time he was chiefly employed at the carpenter's trade. In 1850, the family settled on a farm in Jennings County, this state. On the 10th day of June, of the same year, he was married to Eliza J. Griffith. She was born in Jennings County, Ind., and was the daughter of Thomas and Hannah Griffith. In 1855, Mr. Brooks removed with his family from Jennings County to Johnson County, and he has ever since been a resident of Pleasant Township. His occupation has been that of a farmer, and in this pursuit he has been successful. He owns a first-class farm of 100 acres, two and one-half miles southeast of Greenwood, which is in a good state of improvement, and nearly all of which is in cultivation. Upon this place he settled when he first came to the county, and he continued to occupy it until 1878. His first wife died October 4, 1864, and on the 20th day of June, 1877, Mr. Brooks was married to Mrs. Ann Brewer. She was born in Mercer County, Ky., March 29, 1825, and was the daughter of Henry R. and Elizabeth (Smock) Comingore, both of whom were natives of Mercer County, Ky. Her father was the son of Henry and Rachel (Brewer) Comingore, the former a native of Holland, and the latter a native of Pennsylvania. Her mother was the daughter of Jacob and Ann (Banta) Smock, who were, respectively, natives of Pennsylvania and Mercer County, Ky. The father and mother of Jacob Smock were natives of Holland. On the 18th day of February, 1847, Mrs. Brooks was married to John C. Brewer, who was a native of Mercer County, Ky., born January 8, 182 1, and was the son of Abram and Ann (Cozine) Brewer. John C. Brewer died January 24, 1874, after which his wife remained a widow until her marriage to Mr. Brooks. The first marriage of Mr. Brooks resulted in the birth of six children: Henry W., Jane E., Charlotte S., Albert R., Hannah R., and Mary E., of whom Charlotte S. and Mary E., are deceased. The first marriage of Mrs. Brooks resulted in the birth of eight children: Mary A., born March 26, 1848; Sarah Elizabeth, August 29, 1849; Laura J., February 3, 1852, deceased; Macella A., January 17, 1854; Eldora, January 11, 1856; Laura M., December 29, 1857; Charles E., May 18, 1861; John Edward, July 3, 1864. The wife of Mr. Brooks is a member of the Presbyterian Church; he is a member of the Baptist Church, and in politics, he is an ardent republican. Mr. Brooks is a director and heavy stockholder in the Whiteland Fruit Packing Company, a history of which appears elsewhere. He is an influential And reliable man, and he and wife are highly respected.

Mrs. Mary M. Brown, widow of the late Isaac S. Brown, of Pleasant Township, was born in Union Township, this county, September 15, 1834. She was the daughter of Andrew and Nancy (Banta) Carnine, both of whom were natives of Kentucky. Her father was the son of Andrew and Lydia (Bice) Carnine. Her mother was the daughter Abram and Alary (Demaree) Banta. She grew to womanhood in her native township, and was married there, to Isaac S. Brown, April 8, 1S56. He was born in Wythe County, Va., January iS, 1829, and was the son of Aaron and Margaret (Smith) Brown, who emigrated to this county, and settled in Franklin Township, when he was ten years old. There Isaac S. Brown spent his youth upon a farm. He was married March 14, 1850, to Cynthia E. Sorter. She was born in Pleasant Township, this county, May 8, 1832, and was the daughter of Garrett and Charity (Smock) Sorter, who were natives of Kentucky. Shortly after his marriage, Mr. Brown settled on a farm in Pleasant Township, where he resided until his death. His first wife died July 30, 1855, leaving the following two children: John B., born September 3, 1S51, deceased; and David M., May 27, 1855. He is now a resident of Newton, Kan. The marriage of Mr. Brown to the subject of this sketch, resulted in the birth of six children: Robert A., born November 27, 1858; Charles A., April 17, 1859; Edward S., March 15, 1865, (deceased); Isaac N., September 28, 1867; Andrew C, July 25, 1868, (deceased), and Mary L., September 5, 1872. Mr. Brown wasa member of the Presbyterian Church, and in politics he was a republican. He became a member of the Presbyterian Church, November 23, 1850, and held the position of elder in that church for over thirty-five years. He died October 17, 1887. His widow still occupies the old home. She is a member of the Presbyterian Church, having joined the same when she was but fifteen years old. Her four children are members of the Presbyterian Church. The old home farm upon which she and two of her children now live, contains 240 acres of good land. It is equipped with a beautiful slate-roofed frame residence, and is in other respects well improved. Mrs. Brown is very highly respected by all who know her. Her eldest son, R. A. Brown, is a graduate of Franklin College, and is at present local editor of the Logans-port Daily Journal. The third son, Edward S. Brown, graduated in the common schools, and was a student at college at the time of his death. Isaac N. Brown and Mary L. Brown have also graduated in the common schools.

and was the son of George and Mary (Duke) Brunnemer, both of whom were natives of Virginia. In the twentieth year of his age he accompanied his parents to this state and located with them in Morgan County. On June 5. 1834, he was married to Blancha Mitchell. She was born in Greene County, Tenn., August 16, 1S01, and was the daughter of Thomas and Blancha (McPheron) Mitchell, both of whom were natives of Ireland. After his marriage. Mr. Brunnemer settled on a farm in Morgan County. In 1859, he removed to Johnson Count}-, and has ever since resided in Pleasant Township. His life occupation has been farming, but in his later years he has lived a retired citizen. He and his wife became the parents of four children: Sarah J., born April 1, 1S36; William M. D.. October 26, 1S37: Mary E., September 23, 1839, and George L.. January 22. 1S42. all of whom are now living. The wife of Mr. Brunnemer died July 13. 1SS5. She was a member of the Methodist Church. Mr. Brunnemer is also a member of the Methodist Church, and in politics he is a staunch republican. He has living eighteen grandchildren and fifteen great grandchildren.

. George L. Brunnemer. a successful farmer of Pleasant Township, is a native of Morgan County, this state, born January 22. 1S42. and was the son of Anthony and Blancha (Mitchell) Brunnemer, who were natives of Virginia and Tennessee, respectively. He was reared on a farm in his native county, and at the age of eighteen he accompanied his parents to Johnson County and settled with them on a farm one mile north of Whiteland He remained with his father and mother untii he reached the age of twenty-one. or until after his rirst marriage, which occurred on the 5th of Februarv. 1S63. The ladv that became his wife was Sarah E. McClellan. She was born in this county, and was the daughter of Joseph and Margaret ^Clem) McClellan, both of whom were natives of Kentucky. Immediately after marriage, they located in a house on his fathers farm. February 15, 1S65, he became a soldier in the Union Army, in Company E, One Hundred and Forty-eighth Indiana Regiment, with which he served as corporal until the close of the war. He was honorably discharged at Indianapolis. September 5, 1S65. He then resumed farming on his father's place, but in the spring of 1S66, he removed to his present home in Section 29, of Pleasant Township. He owns a tine farm of 206 acres, which is in a good state of improvement, and about 160 of which are in cultivation. In connection with farming, for the past seven years, he has also owned and operated a saw-mill. His rirst wife died September 5, 1S66, and on the 23rd day of October. 1S67, he was married to Xancy C. Vanarsdall, daughter of Cornelius A. B. and Nancy J. (Clem) Vanarsdall, whose history is given elsewhere. She was born in Pleasant Township, this county, October 20, 1849. By- his first wife Mr. Brunnemer became the father of two children: James D., born December 11, 1863, married to Louie A. Sharp, and Sarah E., August 12, 1866, deceased. Mr. Brunnemer and his presentwife have had three children: Albert T., born October 29, 1869; Ammie J., December 8, 1871, married Hugh E. Johnson, and William J., March 3, 1874. Mrs. and Mrs. Brunnemer are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Politically, the former is a republican. He and his wife are among the best citizens of their township.

William Daily Brunnemer. a prosperous and influential citizen of Pleasant Township, was born in Morgan County, this state, October 26, 1837, and was the son of Anthony and Blancha (Mitchell) Brunnemer. a history of whom appears elsewhere in this work. He was raised on a farm in his native county. At twenty-two years of age, or in February, i860, he' accompanied his parents to Johnson Countv, and located wich them in Pleasant Township, in which he has resided ever since. He was married on the 6th of September, i860, to Caroline R. Henry. She was born in Pleasant Township, Februarv 13, 1839, and was the daughter of Hiram Henry. Shortly after his marriage, Mr. Brunnemer located about one mile north of Whiteland, where, for about three years. Mr. Brunnemer was engaged at farming. In 1863, he removed to a farm in Section 10, of Pleasant Township, and the same one he now occupies. Here he resided until December, 1875, and during these years he carried on farming interests, and also the business of grain threshing. In December, 1875, he removed to Whiteland, where a few days later, or on the 23rd of the same month, his first wife died. In Whiteland he became engaged at saw-milling, in connection with his brother, George L. Brunnemer. In February, 1876, they removed their mill one mile and a half west of Whiteland, where they continued to operate it together until in September, 1877. They also were partners in a threshing outfit. In September, 1877, our subject traded to George L. Brunnemer his interest in the sawmill for his brother's interest in the threshing outfit; after this transaction occurred, he then returned to his farm in Section 10, where he has since resided. He was united in marriage to Sarah S. Sheek, December 6, 1876. She was born in Davie County, N. C, February 2, 1843, and was the daughter of John B. and Sarah (Kinnick) Sheek, both of whom were natives of Davie County, N. C. She accompanied her parents to Johnson County, in 1 85 1. The family settled in Pleasant Township, where her father died/June 3, 1872. Her mother is still living, and makes her home with Mr. and Mrs. Brunnemer. He is a partner in two threshing outfits, also the sole owner of the two saw-mills, one of which stands on his farm, and the other is located at Greenwood. His farm contains 104 acres of good land. It is well improved, and about seventy acres of it are in cultivation. The first marriage of Mr. Brunnemer resulted in the birth of five children: John H., born September 29, 1861, deceased; Thomas A., August 23, 1863, deceased; Eddy H., March 5, 1868, deceased; Elmer, January 24, 1870, and Ida E., January 28, 1872, deceased. Mr. Brunnemer and his present wife are the parents of one child, Ada L., born December 1, 1877. Our subject and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In politics, the former is a republican.

Dr. Zachariah Carnes, of Greenwood, was born in Grayson County, Ky., April 4, 1840, the son of William and Eliza (Decker) Carnes, who were, respectively, natives of South Carolina and Virginia. When he was twelve years old his father died. He received, in the district schools, a knowledge of the ordinary branches of learning, and as early as seventeen years of a"ge, he. became a teacher in the public schools of Grayson County. After teaching three terms he engaged in mercantile pursuits in Burnettsville, Hardin Co., Ky., -and gave his attention to this until the fall of 1862, when he entered the military service of the State of Kentucky, on the Union side, and served in the capacity of first lieutenant one year. He entered the United States service in the fall of 1864, in Company C, Twenty- first Kentucky Regiment, and served until the close of the war. He received his discharge July 6, 1865. He then resumed mercantile pursuits in Burnettsville, Ky., and soon after this he took up the study of medicine. From 1865 to 1874 ne was engaged in mercantile pursuits at Burnettsville and Hardin Springs, Ky., and during the first years of this time he kept up the study of medicine, also. In 187 1 he entered upon the practice of medicine at Hardin Springs, still retaining an interest in the store. In the fall of 1874, ^e entered the medical department of the University of Louisville, and attended one course of lectures. From the spring of 1875, to the fall of 1876, he practiced medicine at Hardin Springs, Kv. During the winter of 1876 - 77, he took his second course of lectures in the above named university, and graduated in the spring of 1877. He then resumed practice at Hardin Springs, but in the fall of 1877, came to this county, and located at Greenwood, where he has ever since been engaged in the practice of his profession. Dr. Carnes was married in May, i860, to Elizabeth Burnett, who died February 1, 1865. In May, 1866, he was married to Martha J. Moore, who died three years later, and on the 25th day of October, 1870, he was married to Mrs. Eliza J. Wood, daughter of William and Sarah Polk, the former of whom died in Greenwood in 1878, and the latter still survives, and makes her home with the subject of this sketch. Dr. Carnes is the father of the following three children: William S. and Henry G., twins, and Floy, the first two of whom are the children of his second wife, and the last was born to his third marriage. Dr. Carnes is a member of the F. & A. M., K. of H. and G. A. R. lodges. He has always been particularly fond of fine horses, and there has been scarcely no time since he was a boy that he has not had in his possession a number of thoroughbreds ranging in value from $200 to $1,500. The Doctor is a member of the Johnson County Medical Society. The present wife of Dr. Carnes was married in about 1863, to Mr. H. Wood, who died in about 1866, leaving one child, Harry, who at present is agent of the J., M. & I. Railroad at Greenwood.

John L. Carson, a pioneer citizen of Pleasant Township, was born in Jefferson County, Tenn., July 4, .1815, and was the son of James and Sarah Carson, both of whom were natives of Virginia. His father was born October 2, i777> and died in this county, January 5, 1853. His mother was born August 1, 1782, and died in this county April 18, 1853. When he was fifteen years of age, he accompanied his parents to this county. The family settled in Pleasant Township, in which the father and mother spent the rest of their lives. His youth was spent with his parents, assisting to clear and cultivate the farm on which he has ever since continued to reside. His life occupation has been farming. He was married February 11, 1841, to Elizabeth Brewer. She was born in Mercer County, Ky., April 1, 1823, and was the daughter of Abram V. and Anna (Cozine) Brewer, who also were natives of Mercer County, Ky., the former being born April 19, 1791. The mother of Mrs. Carson died in 1830, and her father on the 12th day of March, 1873. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Carson resulted in the birth of two children: David N., born May 23, 1842, killed accidentally by a falling log from a railroad car; and William M., born March 17, 1844. Mr. and Mrs. Carson are members of the Presbyterian Church. In politics, Mr. Carson is a republican. He and wife are very highly respected. They have a comfortable home near Greenwood, where they reside in a pleasant way.

William M. Carson, a farmer of Pleasant Township, is a native of the township in which he now resides, he having been born on a farm two miles south of Greenwood, March 17, 1844. He is the son of John L. and Elizabeth (Brewer) Carson, whose history appears elsewhere in this work. He was reared in his native township, working upon a farm in summer, and attending distric school in winter. His education is such as to fit him for the practical affairs of life. In early manhood he took up the vocation of a farmer, and has ever since devoted his attention to that pursuit, in Pleasant Township. December 8, 1864, he was united in marriage to Harriet H. Wheatcraft. She was born in Putnam County, this state, February 24, 1845, being the daughter of Malachi and Sophia M. (Bradford) Wheatcraft, a history of whom appears elsewhere. She died April 22, 1881, anc} on the 18th day of Mav, 1882, Mr. Carson was married to Mary E. Peek. She is a native of Switzerland County, this state, born January 12, 1848, and was the daughter of William J. and Susan (Johnson) Peek, who were, respectively, natives of Trimble and Franklin counties, Ky., the latter being born May 12, 1813. She died March 19, 1879. Tne first marriage of Mr. Carson resulted in the birth of two children : Minnie C, born January 7, 1868, and Albert L., November 7, 1869. He and his present wife have one child: Emerson, born January 29, 1884. Our subject and wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. The former is a member of the K. of H. lodge, and the order of Chosen Friends. In politics, Mr. Carson is a republican. He owns 167 acres of first-class land, about 125 of which are in cultivation. He is one of the influential men of his township, and he and wife are among its very best citizens.

Ephraim Lynn Covert, an enterprising voung farmer of Pleasant Township, was born in Franklin Township, November 11, 1854, and is the son of George W. and Mary E. (Lagrange) Covert, who now reside in the city of Franklin. When he was six years old his parents emigrated to Carlyle, Allen Co., Kan., where the father entered upon the practice of medicine and dentistry, to which his attention has been given ever since. He afterward moved to Geneva, Woodson Co., Kan. Two }rears later he removed to Donnelson, Montgomery Co., Ills., and after residing there two years, they returned to Carlyle, and here remained until 1873. In September of that year they returned to this county, and until September, 1887, the father practiced his profession at Whiteland. The subject of this sketch received a good common school education, and in early manhood he adopted the vocation of a farmer. He was married February 20, 1878, to Miss Virginia Belle Brewer. She was born on the old Brewer homestead, in Pleasant Township, February 4, 1859, anc* was the daughter of John D. and Fannie (Webb) Brewer, whose history will be found elsewhere. Mr. and Mrs. Covert have occupied their present home in Section 14, Pleasant Township, since December, 1878. They have a good farm of ninety acres, which is well-improved, and seventy of which are under cultivation. Their marriage has resulted in the birth of three children: Ada Edell, born February 6, 1880; George Derlin, October 10, 1883, deceased, and Angelo, January 2, 1885. Mr. and Mrs. Covert are members of the Presbyterian Church. In politics, Mr. Covert is a republican. He and wife are highly esteemed by all who know them.

John F. Crawford, the junior member of the firm of Bass & Crawford, of Greenwood, was born -in Pleasant Township, this county, February 23, 1856, the son of Robert and Margaret E. (Carter) Crawford, of Pleasant Township. He was reared on the old homestead, and received a common school education. Later on he attended Franklin College one term, and still later he was a student in the Central Normal College, of Danville, Ind. On leaving school at Danville he attended a normal school a short time at Franklin. In July, 1881, he accepted a position as salesman in the mercantile establishment of the late Grafton Johnson, of Greenwood. He clerked for Mr. Johnson from August 1, 1881, to March 22, 1885. He succeeded in saving sufficient means to engage in business for himself, and two days after retiring from the employ of Mr. Johnson, he became the partner of Mr. W. H. Bass, of Greenwood, in mercantile pursuits. Their business has proved to be successful, and they are now among the leading business men of that place. He was married October 4, 1886, to Maggie Smith. She was born in Pleasant Township, August 27, 1861, and was the daughter of J. W. and Adaline (Ballinger) Smith. Their marriage has resulted in the birth of one child, Jerre R., born July 2, 1887. Our subject and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In politics, the former is a republican.

Robert Crawford, an old citizen of Pleasant Township, is a native of Wythe County, Va., born September 13, 1825. He was the son of William and Elizabeth (Smith) Crawford, the former of whom was also a native of Wythe County, Va. His mother was also a native of the same state. His early life was spent on a farm. In 1848, he came to Johnson County, a single man, and for some years thereafter, he worked at the carpenter's trade. During the winter of 1849 and 1850, he taught school in Pleasant Township, and his second term of school was taught in Green County, Ind., during the winter of 1853 and 1854. He was married in Pleasant Township, February 28, 1855, t0 Mrs- Margaret A. Scott. She is also a native of Wythe County, Va., born November 24, 1829, and was the daughter of John and Mary (Smith) Carter, who were also natives of Wythe County, Va. She came with her parents to Johnson County, in 1830, and for five years the family resided in Franklin, where her father worked at the black- smith's trade. In the fall of 1836, they located in Pleasant Township, where Mrs. Crawford grew to womanhood, and where she was married tojohn Scott, January 29, 1850. He wasanativeof the State of Virginia, born February 18, 1830, and was the son of John and Catharine Scott. He died Ootober 19, 1853, leaving two children: Mary H., born December 7, 1850, and Catharine E., born October 17, 1852. Ever since their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Crawford have resided on the farm they now occupy. The chief occupation of Mr. Crawford has been farming, though he has also taught school a great deal in the winter time. To Mr. and Mrs. Crawford these children have been born: William F. and John F., twins, born February 23, 1856; Wesley C, February 4, 1858; Robert L., October 25, 1859; Araminta, October 12, 1861, James A., July 24, 1863, deceased; Maggie, born July 25, 1866, deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Crawford are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and in politics, he is an ardent republican. Mr. Crawford has served his township in the capacity of justice of the peace four years. He and wife have a farm of about fifty-eight, acres, and a comfortable home. William F. is a member of the Indianapolis bar; John F. is a merchant in Greenwood; Wesley C. is a student at Depauw University; Robert L. is a theological student of that school, and a preacher in the Methodist Episcopal Church. Edward Ditmars, a farmer of Pleasant Township, Was born in Union Township, this county, March 5, 1839, and was the son of Garrett and Sarah (Verbryck) Ditmars, both of whom were natives of the State of New Jersev. His father was born in 1792-. When he was twelve years of age his father died, and about one year later, his widowed mother removed to a farm near Hopewell, this county, where she spent the rest of her life. She died August 5, 1855. Our subject remained on the farm with his mother until after her death. The greater part of his early education was received in Hopewell Academy. After his mother's death, he remained in the vicinity of Hopewell until the year 1861. He attended school in winter and worked on a farm in summer. July 29, 1861, he became a soldier in the Union Army, being mustered into Company I, Eighteenth Indiana Regiment. He served in the same company and regiment until the close of the war.- He participated in the battles of Pea Ridge, Ark., Port Gibson, Jackson, Champion Hills, Black River Bridge, the siege of Vicksburg, and the second battle of Winchester, Va. On the 19th day of September, 1864, while in the battle of Winchester, Va., he was wounded. This necessitated him to spend three months in a hospital. He was honorably discharged at Indianapolis, September 22, 1865. During the winter of 1865-6, he attended school at Hopewell, and during the following summer he was engaged in the manufacture of brick. In the fall of 1866, he went to Decatur County, this state, where he made his home with a widowed sister four years, during which time he conducted a farm. He was married in Decatur County, March 9, 1871, to Spicy D. Thomson. She was born in Decatur Ccunty, February 5, 1839, and was the daughter of William H. and Jane B. (Blair) Thomson. Her father was born in Nicholas County, Ky., in June, 1791, and her mother was born near Knoxville, Tenn., in June, 1802. Immediately after their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Ditmars came to Johnson County and located on a farm which Mr. Ditmars had purchased during the preceding winter, one-half mile east of Whiteland. They have resided upon the same farm continuously ever since. It now contains 120 acres, and is in a good state of improvement. Mr. and Mrs. Ditmars are the parents of three children, as follows: John W., born May 30, 1872; Garrett O., December 14, 1873, and Rolla T., December 15, 1878. Our subject and wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. The former is a member of the G. A. R. lodge, and in politics, he is a republican.

Robert B. Dobbins, a venerable citizen of Pleasant Township, was born in Pendleton County, S. C, November 2, 1805. He is the son of John and Jane (Johnson) Dobbins. His father was the son of James and Elizabeth (Stephenson) Dobbins, who emigrated to South Carolina from Virginia. His mother was the daughter of Francis and Margaret (Sawright) Johnson; the latter of whom was a native of Ireland. In 1818, the parents of our subject emigrated from Pendleton County, S. C, to Clermont County, Ohio, but a year later, or in March, 1819, they came to the State of Indiana and settled in Campbell Township, Jennings County. His father died there April 12, 1827. His mother came to Johnson County in about 1832, and spent the rest of her life in Clark Township; she died in April, 1836. Our subject spent his youth in Jennings County on a farm. In his early manhood he took up the vocation of a farmer for himself, and continued it through life. In 1834 he came to Johnson County and located on the farm he now occupies, where he has resided continuously for fiftyfour years. His farm contains 197^6 acres of well-improved land. Mr. Dobbins was married in Ripley County, this state, October 28, 1828, to Harriet L. Hughey, who was born in Buncom County, N. C, November 29, 1804, and was the daughter of Joseph and Jane (Brank) Hughey, the former of whom was born in North Carolina. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Dobbins resulted in the birth of five children: John M., born February 17, 1830, deceased; Joseph H., September 18, 1832, deceased; Samuel J., November

16, 1835, deceased; Mary J., July 25, 1842, and Martha H., September 24, 1848, deceased. The wife of Mr. Dobbins died April 15, 1885. She was a devout member of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Dobbins is also a member of the same church.

Dr. Thomas B. Noble, an able and scholarly physician of. Greenwood, was born in Boone County, Ky., February 12, 1827, and was the son of George T. and Louisa T. (Canby) Noble, the former of whom was a brother of Hon. Noah Noble, ex-governor of the State of Indiana. When he was eight years old his parents came to this state, and first located in Indianapolis. Two years later they came to Johnson County, and located on a tract of land in Pleasant Township, three-fourths of a mile north of the present site of Greenwood. There the subject of this sketch spent his youth on a farm. He received a common school education, and later on attended Franklin College about one year, and this was followed by spending one year under the private instruction of Rev. B. F. Wood, then of Greenwood. In 1848 he began studying medicine with Dr. W. H. Wishard, at Greenwood. The winter of 1851-52 he took a course of lectures in the Ohio Medical College at Cincinnati. In the spring of 1852, he entered upon his professional duties at Greenwood, where he has been actively engaged ever since. He has now practiced at that point continuously for a period of thirty-six years. During the first eight years of his practice, he was the partner of Dr. W. H. Wishard, but since i860, he has been alone. Dr. Noble was married November 29, 1855, to Margaret A. Wishard. She was born in White River Township, and was the daughter of John and Agnes (Oliver) Wishard. Their marriage has resulted in the birth of eight children: Agnes, married to D. T. Praigg, and resides in Indianapolis; Margaret W.,a graduate of Depauw University, and at present a teacher in Evanston, 111.; Martha, graduate of Franklin College; Thomas B., who is a student at Wabash College; Mary J., who is a student in Depauw University; and Elizabeth, who is at home. Louisa and John are deceased. He and wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. Dr. Noble has enjoyed for over three decades a good practice, and one that has enabled him to accumulate considerable property. When he began his professional labors he had not sufficient means to complete his medical studies. But through his practice he has become one of the substantial men of Johnson County. He owns, in all, 628 acres, of land, of which 218 comprises his magnificent farm adjoining the town of Greenwood, and upon which is located his elegant residence. Ninety acres of his land are in White River Township, and the balance in Wabaunsee County, Kan. He is one of the most successful physicians of the county, and he and wife are among its best citizens.

Prof. Charles F. Patterson, principal of the high school at Greenwood, is a native of Tipton County, this state, born June 6, 1862. He was the son of Benjamin F. and Lydia E. (Plummer) Patterson. His father was born in Fayette County, Ind., September 6, 1838, and grew to manhood in Fayette and Shelby counties. At sixteen years of age he removed to Tipton County, where he afterward pursued the vocation of a farmer and stock-dealer. He was married there September 5, 1861, to Miss Lydia E. Plummer, of which marriage the subject of this sketch was the only issue. The lady who became his wife was born in Rush Count)', this state, August 23, 1844. She was the daughter of Hiram and Lydia (Vickrey) Plummer, who removed to Tipton County when she was but four years old. There her father pursued the vocation of a farmer until his death in 1866. Her mother continues to occupy the old homestead in Tipton County. Benjamin F. Patterson died at his home in Tipton County, October 24, 1880. His surviving widow now resides with her only child, the subject of this sketch. The latter spent his boyhood on his father's farm in his native county. At twelve years of age he became a student in Spiceland Academy, in Henry County, Ind., in which institution he completed an academic course. Later on he entered the Central Normal College, of Ladoga, Ind., in which he completed both the scientific and classical courses, graduating in 1879. Since then he has completed a course in pedagogy, and has passed the examinations of Wabash College. He labored as an instructor in the schools of Tipton County, for several years, during two of which he was principal of the high school at Sharpsville, and, during three of which, he was principal of the high school at Tipton. In 1886, he accepted the principalshipof thehigh school at Greenwood. Prof. Patterson was married October 10, 1884, to Miss Melva M. Avis. She is a native of Greenfield, Hancock County, Ind., born March 6, 1862, and was the daughter of James F. and Lucy J. (Lineback) Avis, the former of whom was born in Greencastle, Ind., and the latter in Greenfield, Ind. They are at present residents of Tipton. Prof. Patterson and wife are members of the Christian Church. The former is a member of the K. of H. lodge, and in politics, he is a democrat. He is admirably adapted for the duties of his chosen profession, and, though young, his reputation as a successful educator is already well established.

Grafton Peek, a prominent business man of Greenwood, was born in Bedford, Trimble County, Ky., January 17, 1853, and is the son of William A.J. and Susannah (Johnson) Peek, who removed to this state, and located at Morristown. When he was seven or eight years of age, his parents removed to Greenwood, which has been his home ever since. His early life was chiefly spent in school, and clerking in a store. At fifteen years of age he entered the employ of the late Grafton Johnson, of Greenwood, for whom he worked in the capacity of clerk in a general store for thirteen consecutive years. In that whole time he lost but two weeks. During a portion of the time the support of a large family devolved on him, but out of his earnings he succeeded in saving "enough to engage in business for himself. August 10, 1SS1, he opened a general store in Greenwood, to which his undivided attention has been given ever since. He has enjoyed a good trade, and is now one of the leading business men of Greenwood. He was married in March, 1880, to Miss Florence Polk, daughter of George W. Polk, of Pleasant Township. Their marriage has resulted in the birth of six children : Roy J., Frank, Georgie- E., Harry, and two others, a son and a daughter, who died in infancy, unnamed. Mr. Peek and wife are members of the Baptist Church. In politics, the former is a democrat. He is a successful business man and first-class citizen.

Charles E. Peggs, a farmer and tile manufacturer of Pleasant Township, was born on a farm, June 4, 1857, and was the son of Joseph and Mary (McCrady) Peggs, of Pleasant Township. As early as fourteen years of age he became emploved in a hie factory, which is located on the home place, and which was then owned by his father. During the next four years he attended school in the winter, and in summer he was wholly employed in the tile factory. At the age of eighteen he rented the factory, and for several years conducted it in this way. At the age of twenty-four, or in 1881, he became its proprietor, and has continued to operate it since. Mr. Peggs also attends to the management of his farm, which is in a good state of improvement and cultivation. He was married October 28, 1877, to Clara V. Hester. She was born in Shelby County, this state, October 23, 1857, and is the daughter of Stephen W. and Martetia ( Stanton ) Hester, who now reside in Pleasant Township. Mr. and Mrs. Peggs are the parents of live children: Harrv E., born April 14, 1879; Joseph W., October 15, 1881; Alfred L., December 8, 1883; Arthur R., August 7, 1885, and Clara A., November 10, 1887, all of whom are living. Mr. and Mrs. Peggs are members of the Christian Church. In connection with his other interests Mr. Peggs makes a specialty of breeding short-horn cattle. He now owns a half interest in an excellent herd of that class of stock, and he is at present secretary of the Short-horn Breeders' Association, of Johnson County.

Joseph Peggs, a pioneer, and honored citizen of Pleasant Township, was born in Henry (now Trimble) County, Ky., October 24^^ 1807, and was the son of Joseph and Nancy (Cunningham) Peggs, the former of whom was a native of Ireland, and the. latter was a native of Pennsylvania. His early life was all spent in his native county. He attended country school in the winter time, but owing to the poor advantages, his early education was quite limited. Early in his youth he began the shoemaker's trade, which he followed in different places until 1842, when he moved his family to Johnson County, Ind., and settled on a farm in Pleasant Township, and he has continued to occupy the same farm for a period of forty-six years. Mr. Peggs was married in Germantown, Ky., June 9, 1833, to Mary Ann McCrady. She was born in Montgomery County, Va., February 6, 1816, and was the daughter of Alexander and Nancy (Summers) McCrady. When Mrs. Peggs was but eleven months old her parents emigrated from Virginia to Mason County, Ky., where she grew to womanhood, and where she was married. Mr. and Mrs. Peggs have seven children: William A., born May 9, 1834; Margaret F., March 28, 1836; John H., December 4, 1840; Mary A., August 31, 1842; Louisa A., February 12, 1S45, deceased; Alfred F., December 18, 1S54, deceased, and Charles E., June 4, 1S57. In politics, Mr. Peggs is a democrat, casting his first vote for Gen. Jackson. The wife of Mr. Peggs is a member of the Christian Church. Mr. Peggs has served his township as assessor one term. He and wife passed their golden wedding anniversary June 9, 1883.

George W. Polk, an honored and respected man of Pleasant Township, was born in Nelson County, Ky., January 7, 1816, the son of James and Nancy Polk, the former of whom was a native of Pennsylvania, and was the son of Edmund Polk, and the latter of whom emigrated from Pennsylvania to Kentucky, when his son, James Polk, was but six years ofd. The subject of this sketch was reared on a farm in his native county. At seventeen years of age he went to Taylorsville, Spencer Co., Ky., and there served an apprenticeship of two years, learning the cabinet-maker's trade. He then spent a short time working at his trade in Owensborough, Daviess Co., Ky., after which, in November, 1835, he crossed the river to the State of Indiana, and engaged in the cabinet business for himself at Evansville. While there, he was married, August 3, T837, to Man- Embree. She was born in the State of Illinois, June 3, 1820, and was the daughter of John and Sallie (Moseley) Embree. In July, 1839, ^r- Polk removed from Evansville to Princeton, Gibson County, where he conducted a cabinet shop until 1850. In that year he, in connection with two other men, built a saw-mill on Marsh Creek, near Princeton, to which Mr. Polk gave his attention some two or three }ears. He then purchased a farm in that vicinity, upon which he resided until in March, 1S61, when he came to Johnson County, and settled on a farm just southeast of the town of Greenwood, where he has resided ever since. Since then he has given his attention to the management of his farm. He has, during a part of the time, been connected with the large canning establishment at Greenwood, of which his son, J. T. Polk, is proprietor. His farm is a large and beautiful one, containing 100 acres four-fifths of which are in cultivation. It contains two handsome residences, one of which is occupied by his son, J. T. Polk. The marriage of Mr. Polk resulted in the birth of nine children : William F., Frances, Elizabeth R., James T., Alice, Florence, Perry E., Minnie M., and a son that died in infancv, unnamed. Of those named, Elizabeth R., Alice and Minnie M., are also deceased. The wife of Mr. Polk died November 10, 1886. She was a devoted member of the Baptist Church. When he began life for himself his only capital was willing hands and a mental capacity to direct them with prudence. By leading an industrious and economical life he has accumulated considerable property.

James. M. Polk, of Greenwood, was born in Spencer County, Ky., August 15, 1837, and was the son of William and Sarah (Shoptaugh) Polk, who, when he was eight years old, removed to Bullitt County, Ky. There he spent the rest of his early youth on a farm. At eighteen years of age, or in March, 1856, he accompanied his parents to Greenwood, this county, whither they arrived on the 10th day of the month. The home of our subject has been in and near Greenwood ever since, and his occupation has chiefly been farming. He was married July 6, 1886, to Miss Josephine Miller. She was born in Highland County, Ohio, February 24, 1853, and was the daughter of Cary A. and Sarah (Brous) Miller, both of whom were also natives of Highland County, Ohio. The wife of Mr. Polk is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He and wife have a pleasant home in Greenwood, where they reside in a happy way. They are highly respected.

James T. Polk, proprietor of the fruit packing establishment at Greenwood, was born in Gibson County, Ind., February 25, 1844, and is the son of George W. and Mary (Embree) Polk, a history of whom appears elsewhere in this work. When he was fourteen years old his parents came to Johnson County, and settled on a farm which adjoins the town of Greenwood on the southeast. He received a common school education, and in September, 1863, entered the service of the Union Army in Company M, First Indiana Heavy Artillery, with which heserved until the close of the war. He returned home and spent two years improving his education. In 1869, in order to improve his health, he spent a period of nine months in a water cure institution, at Danville, New York. Returning home, he soon conceived the idea of establishing a fruit packing business, and in this, by the year 1873, he was fully launched. To it, his entire attention has been given ever since, and under his careful management, has attained enormous proportions. A history of his establishment will be found elsewhere in this work. Mr. Polk was married December 5, 1871, to Laura F. Burdick, who is a native of New York, born February 10, 1847. Mr. and Mrs. Polk have had born to them, three children: Pearl F., Ralph B., and James T., the last of whom died in infancy. Our subject and wife are members of the Baptist Church.

Albert G. Prewitt, a pioneer citizen of Greenwood, was born near Danville, Mercer, now Boyle, County, Ky., January $, 1815* and was the son of Joseph and Jane (Little) Prewitt, both of whom were natives of Kentucky. He was reared on a farm in his native county. In 1838, he came to this countv, and for a couple of years he worked at the carpenter's trade. He was married in White River Township, October 16, 1841, to Mrs. Julia F. McBride. She was born in Henry Count)', Ky., September 21, 181 1, and was the daughter of William and Jane (Gillespie) Eddy, both of whom were natives of Virginia. When she was sixteen years old, or in 1827, her parents came to this county and located in White River Township. She was married July 29, 1828, to Charles McBride. He was born in Virginia, and was the son of William and Henrietta (Piles) McBride. He died on the 9th day of July, 1833. Mr. and Mrs. Prewitt began their married life on a farm in White River Township. They removed to Greenwood in 1852. The chief occupation of Mr. Prewitt after this was the buving and selling of grain and dealing in hogs. For the past twelve years he has lived a retired life. The first marriage of Mrs. Prewitt resulted in the birth of three children: Malinda C, Harriet A. and Henrietta J., of whom the last two are deceased. Her marriage to Mr. Prewitt also resulted in the birth of three children : Joseph W., Thomas A., and Julia F., of whom Thomas A. is deceased. Mrs. Prewitt was a lady who was esteemed and loved by all, and was a devoted member of the Baptist Church. She died March 17, 1888. Besides a comfortable home in Greenwood, he owns a farm of eightytwo acres in White River Township.

Joseph W. Prewitt, carpenter and contractor, of Greenwood, was born in White River Township, October 16, 1842, the son of Albert G. and Julia F. (Eddy) Prewitt, who are both natives of the State of Kentuckv, and who now reside in Greenwood. When he was a lad some eight or nine years old his parents removed to Greenwood, where he grew to manhood. At the age of sixteen he began to learn the carpenters trade. When he was twenty-one years old he entered Bryant's Business College, at Indianapolis, in which he took a course in book-keeping. He then entered the employ of the J., M. & I. R. R. About the close of the war he retired from the road, and returned to Greenwood, where he first engaged in the grocery business. To this his attention was given about three years. He then took up the pursuit of a carpenter and contractor, to which his undivided attention has been given ever since. He was married November 12, 1875, to Miss Mattie Heron. She was born in Columbus, Ind., August 18, 1S44, and is the daughter of John and Elizabeth (Caff rev) Heron, who were respectively natives of Hamilton County, Ohio, and Lancaster County, Penn. The wife of Mr. Prewitt is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In politics, Mr. Prewitt is a democrat. He is a first-class mechanic, an honorable man, and he and wife are good citizens.

Mrs. Sarah Pursell, the mother of Mrs. Abram Brewer, was born in Franklin County, Ind., November 11, 1815, the daughter of Daniel and Nancy (Scotton) Skinner, who were respectively natives of Delaware and Maryland. She was married to John Pursell, October 7, 1840. He was born in Franklin County, Ind., August 11, 1821. In 1873, Mr. and Mrs. Pursell, came to this county and located in Pleasant Township, where Mr. Pursell died October 6, 1876. She has two children: Martha and Mary. Mrs. Pursell is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

George W. Sanders, a well-to-do farmer of Pleasant Township, was born in Botetourt County, Va., December 31, 1831. He was the son of John and Elizabeth (Obenshain ) Sanders, both of whom were also natives of Virginia, the former of Rockbridge County, and the latter of Botetourt County. The paternal grandparents of Mr. Sanders were Philip and Rachel Sanders, the former of whom was born in Pennsylvania. His maternal grandparents were Philip and Sarah (Brothers) Obenshain, natives of Maryland. His boyhood was spent on a farm in his native county. At seventeen years of age he accompanied his parents to this state, and located with them on a farm in Marion County, where he remained with them until his marriage. He was married Novembei 26, 1856, to Elizabeth R. Wheatcraft. She was born in 'Perry County, Ohio, April 2, 1836, and was the daughter of Malachi and Sophia M. (Bradford) Wheatcraft, who were respectively natives of Wayne County, Penn., and Lincoln Co., Me. For four months after their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Sanders resided in Marion County. Since 1873. thev have occupied their present home. The entire attention of Mr. Sanders is given to farming. He owns fifty-six acres of good land, most of which is in cultivation. He and wife have had live children, as follows: Mary B., born December 21, 1857; Elmer E., February 21, 1862; Alice E., May 10, 1864, deceased; Carrie E., August 22, 1869, and Annie M., August 17, 1871, deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Sanders are members of the Presbyterian Church. He is a member of the K. of H. lodge, and he and wife are both members of the Society of Chosen Friends.

William H. Scott, proprietor of a feed and livery stable at Greenwood, was born in White River Township, this county, July 3, 1861, and was the son of James and Elizabeth H. (Rush) Scott, both of whom were also natives of White River Township. He was reared on the old homestead where he was born, and received a common school education. He was married August 8, 1879, to Julia M. DorrelJ. She is a native of Pleasant Township, this county, born July 16, 1862, and was the daughter of Joseph and Eliza (Doty) Dorrell, who were natives of White River Township, this county. For five years after his marriage, Mr. Scott pursued the vocation of a farmer. In the fall of 1886, he engaged in mercantile pursuits at Stone's Crossing, this county, where he continued in business for a year and a half. In March, 1887, he engaged in the liver)r business at Greenwood, and he is now the sole proprietor of the only business of the kind at that place. He and wife are the parents of three children: Myrtie M., Raleigh A., and Florence, all of whom are living. Our subject and wife are members of the United Brethren Church. The former is a member of the I. O. O. F. lodge,- and is a republican in politics. He is an enterprising young man and a first-class citizen.

Preserve O. Sefton, a well-to-do and successful farmer of Pleasant Township, was born in Decatur County, this state, July 19, 1834, being tne son of Henry and Sarah (Brown) Sefton, both of whom were natives of Ohio. They were reared and married in their native state, but removed to Decatur County, Ind., in an early day. They both spent the rest of their days in that county. His father was married three times. His second wife was Sarah Stine, and his third wife was Emma Vert. After his death his last wife married Orrin Custer, with whom she now resides in Greensburg, Decatur Co. The paternal grandfather of our subject was William Sefton, a native of Ohio. His maternal grandfather was Preserve O. Brown, who was born in Ohio, and for whom our subject was named. He grew to manhood in his native county, and was married there in 1S55, to Lucinda Draper, daughter of Thomas and Catharine (Harbert) Draper. Shortly after his marriage Mr. Sefton came to Johnson County, and located in Pleasant Township, near his present home. He has now been a resident of that township since February, 1856. His first wife died where he first settled, February 28, 1864, and on the 22nd day of June, 1866, he was married to Mrs. Mary E. Hendrickson. She was born in Clark Township, this county, November 14, 1S36, and was the daughter of Samuel and Maria L. (Harbert) Billingsly; the former was a native of Guilford County, N. C, and the latter a native of Dearborn,. County, Ind. Her father was born November 16, 1809, and was the son of Henry and Elizabeth Billingsly. Her mother was born October 5, 181 7, and was the daughter of Ebenezer and Mary M. Harbert. The marriage of her parents was solemnized in Clark Township, in which her father spent the rest of his life, and in which her mother still resides. Mrs. Sefton was married to Isaac Hendrickson, September 7, 1858. He was born in Clark Township, October 13, 1836, and was the son of Isaac and Elizabeth (Dawson) Hendrickson. He died October 5, 1864. Mr. and Mrs. Sefton removed to their present home in 1868. The whole attention of Mr. Sefton is given to farming. He owns a good farm of eighty acres, which is very desirably situated. Mrs. Sefton owns a farm of fortv acres which adjoins the eight}' mentioned above on the east. Besides this Mr. Sefton owns a one-fifth interest in an undivided two-thirds of ninetysix acres in Howard County, this state. By his first wife, Mr. Sefton became the father of four children: Catharine A., born October 10, 1855; Sarah S., September 7, 1857, deceased; Thomas H., April 21, 1861, and Rachel E., January 6, 1864. By her first husband Mrs. Sefton became the mother of two children; Clurisa J., born May 9, 1861, and Samuel I., March 4, 1863, deceased. Mr. Sefton and his present wife have had four children : Robert W., born May 7, 1868; George W., November 7, 1870; John D., March 9, 1875, and Edwin W., March 7, 1877, deceased. The wife of Mr. Sefton is a member of the Christian Church. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Sefton was twice drafted during the War of the Rebellion, and for both substitutes, and to clear his township of a draft, he paid $1,680. In politics, our subject is a democrat. He is a progressive man and a model farmer. He and Mrs. Sefton are very highly esteemed and respected.

George L. Sheer, a prosperous young farmer of Pleasant Township, was born on a farm near where resides, August 22, 1854, and was the son of John B. and Sarah (Kinnick) Sheek, both of whom were natives of Davie County, N. C. When he was seventeen years of age his father died, after which he remained at home with his widowed mother, until he reached the age of twenty-sevem He was married December 15, 18S0, to Sarah J. Wilson. She iiT also a native of Pleasant Township, born August 31, 1853, and was the daughter of Joseph A. and Louisa (Vandiver) Wilson, who were respectively natives of North Carolina and Mercer County, Ky. Mr. and Mrs. Sheek entered upon their married life on a farm in Section 3, Pleasant Township. February 10, 1886, they removed to their present home, in the same section. The whole attention of Mr. Sheek is given to farming. He owns a good farm two miles southeast of Greenwood, which is well improved, and most of which is in cultivation. He and wife are the parents of five children: Gracie May, born April 27, 1882; George Wilson, September 5, 1883; Queen Bessie, March 31, 1885; Nellie, September 12, 1886, and Victor Noble, January 6, 1888, all of whom are living. The wife of Mr. Sheek is a member of the Christian Church. Mr. Sheek became a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, August 29, 1875. He is an industrious and successful farmer, and he and wife are very highly respected.

Isaac D. Sheek, a well-to-do and prosperous farmer of Pleasaat Township, is a native of Davie County, N. C, born January 9, 1841, and was the son of Daniel and Jane (Williams) Sheek, both of whom were natives of North Carolina; the former of Davie County, and the latter of Yadkin County. He grew to manhood in his native county, working upon a farm in summer and attending school in winter. In April, 1861, he entered the service of the Confederate Army, in Company G, Fourth North Carolina Regiment, with which he served until the close of the war; he first entered as a private. He participated in the battles of Seven Pines, Gaines' Mill, Cold Harbor, Malvern Hill, the second battle of Manassas, Sharp's Mound, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, all the rights with Gen. Grant's army in the vicinity of Richmond, and many other engagements, in all of which he discharged his duties in a manner becoming a brave soldier, and was present at the surrender of Gen. Lee, at Appomattox. In January, i860, Mr. Sheek came from Davie County, N. C, to Johnson County, Ind., and with the exception of nearly two years his home has ever since been in Pleasant Township. His whole attention has been given to farming. He owns sixty-five acres of good land, nearly all of which is in cultivation. Mr. Sheek was married January 22, 1867, to Martha H. Henry. Mrs. Sheek was born in Pleasant Township, this county, November 6, 1847, and is the daughter of Samuel and Eliza Ann (Kinnick) Henry; the former was born in Virginia, and the latter in Davie County, N. C. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Sheek has resulted in the birth of three children: Willie Myrtle, born January 12, 1868; Daniel Walter, October 8, 187 1, and Luna Ethel, October 15, 1880, all of whom are living. Mr. and Mrs. Sheek are members of the Methodist Church. In politics, the former is a democrat. On the 10th of March, 18S8, he received the nomination of his party for the office of township trustee. He is an industrious farmer, and he and wife are among their township's best citizens.

Levin W. Sheek, one of Pleasant Township's respected citizens, was born in Davie County, N. C, March 2, 1829, and is the son of George and Mary (Call) Sheek, both of whom were natives of Davie County, N. C. The paternal grandfather of Mr. Sheek was a native of England. His father owned extensive grist-milling and saw-milling interests in Davie County, and these furnished our subject employment during his youth. He was married in his native county, May 11, 1854, to Mary A. Bouden. She was born in Davie County, N. C, September 20, 1837, and was the daughter of Caleb and Mary (Etchison) Bouden, who were also natives of North Carolina. Mrs. Mary A. Sheek died in Davie County, October 2, 1856, leaving one child, Emily J., born March 2, 1856, deceased. During the time which intervened between his marriage and the death of his wife, Mr. Sheek was engaged at farming. After the death of his wife he returned to his father's. In the fall of 1857, he came to Johnson County, and his home has ever since been in Pleasant Township. His second marriage occurred in that township, June 10, 1858, when Miss Mary E. Henry became his wife. She was born in Pleasant Township, i\pril 24, 1837, and was the daughter of Hiram and Margaret (Cochrane) Henry, the former of whom was a native of Virginia, and the latter was a native of Tennessee. Mr. and Mrs. Sheek began housekeeping on the farm where they now live. In 1864, they removed to the house in which they now live, and this has been their home since, excepting from March, 1882, to March, 1886, during which time they resided in Greenwood, whither they had gone for the purpose of sending their children to school. Ever since locating in this county, Mr. Sheek has given his whole attention to farming. He owns 210}^ acres of good land, about 155 of which are in cultivation. Mr. Sheek and his present wife have had seven children: George W., born March 29, 1859, deceased; Henry A., January 2, i860, deceased; Margaret J., August 9, 1861; Hiram N., June 30, 1864; Floyd A., July 19, 1867; Franklin L., November 19, 1869, and Ernest C, died when one year old. Mr. and Mrs. Sheek are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

WiLLrAM H. Sheek, an industrious farmer of Pleasant Township, was born on the old Sheek homestead, where he now lives, July 16, 1859, and was the son of John B- and Sarah (KimncK) Sheek, mention of whom appears elsewhere. He was reared on the old home place, and was married August 8, 1880, to Elzorn Park. She was born in this county in December, 1861, and was the daughter of Daniel and Emeline (Brunnemer) Park. Mr. and Mrs. Sheek entered upon their married life on a farm in Pleasant Township, and their home has been in that township ever since; they have occupied the old homestead since the spring of 1887. Mr. Sheek owns forty acres of good land, over half of which is in cultivation. He and wife have three children: Letitia Dell, born June 11, 1881; Cordelia Bryant, April 26, 1883, and Roy Clifford, born September 13, 1887, all of whom are living. Mr. Sheek and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

Dr. David H. Shutters, a respected and worthy citizen of Pleasant Township, was born in Scott County, this state, December 5, 1840, and was the son of Mathias and Nancy ^Thomas) Shutters, the former of whom was born in Virginia, June 9, 181 1, and was the son of Henry and Mary (Andis) Shutters. The latter was born in the State of Connecticut, September 30, 1813, and was the daughter of Jonathan Thomas. His parents were married in Jackson County, this state, November 3, 1833. They are both living, and now reside near Kokomo, Howard County. When the subject of this sketch was nine years old his parents moved to Marion County, Ills., but only remained six weeks. Returning to this state, they came to Johnson County, and located in White River Township, where our subject spent his youth. The chief occupation of his father at that time was farming, though he also in connection with this, carried on a harness and shoe-making business, and conducted a cooper shop, so that besides working on a farm, our subject had an opportunity to familiarize himself with some two or three trades, which he did. In September, 1S61, he entered the service of the Union Army, in Company F, Seventh Indiana Regiment, with which he served nearly two years, when, because of disability, he was compelled to retire. He was in the battles of Green Brier, W. Va., Second Battle of Bull Run, the Wilderness and Gettysburg, besides several other engagements. He was honorably discharged at Indianapolis, May 9, 1863, and immediately returned home to recruit his health. On regaining his health he resumed farm work, and was otherwise variously employed for some four or five years. He then took up the blacksmith's trade to which he gave a good part of his attention for a number of years. In 1870, he began the study of veterinary surgery, and for the past sixteen years he has been actively engaged in the practice of that branch of medicine. He now gives his exclusive attention to the study of the horse and the treatment of its diseases. He has always had a particular fondness for this animal, which, united with several years of careful study, makes him admirably fitted for the duties of this profession. Mr. Shutters has been a member of the State Veterinary Society since the fall of 1 886. His home eyer since he was nine years old, has been in this county, and he has resided in Pleasant Township since 187 1. Mr. Shutters has been married twice. His first marriage was to Mary C. Surface, February 6, 1862, and his second marriage was to Mrs. Mary E. Park, March 2, 1872. His present wife was born in Morgan County, this state, September 23, 1839, anc* was the daughter of Anthony and Blancha Brunnemer. Mr. Shutters is the father of four children, as follows: Minnie A., born December 14, 1872, deceased; Ottilia L., May 13, 1874; Fola O., September 22, 1876, and Charles W., June 17, 1879. Mr. and Mrs. Shutters are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a member of the Masonic and G. A. R. lodges, and in politics, he is a republican.

John T. Shutters, a farmer of Pleasant Township, was born in Scott County, Ind., June 5, 1843, and was the son of Mathias and Nancy (Thomas) Shutters, who were respectively natives of Virginia and New York. When he Was but six years old, his parents removed to Marion County, Ills., but about six weeks later they came to Johnson County, and settled in White River Township, where his early life was spent on a farm. His parents now reside near Kokomo, in Howard County. September 12, 1861, our subject entered Compan}^ F, Seventh Indiana Regiment, with which he served three years. He participated in the battles of Bull Run, Antietam, South Mountain, Gettysburg, Petersburgh, and many others of less importance. He was also in the engagement of the Weldon Railroad. He was wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863. He received an honorable discharge at. Indianapolis September 20, 1864. He then resumed farming in Pleasant Township, where he has ever since given his attention to that pursuit. He was married December 21, 1S71, to Matilda A. Whittaker. She was born in Pleasant Township, this county, November 6, 1852, and was the daughter of M. B. and Sarah (Crim) Whittaker, who were married in Oldham County,] Ky., March 16, 1838, and came to Johnson County in 1840. They spent the rest of their lives in Pleasant Township. Mr. and Mrs. Shutters are the parems of one child, Marlie D., born April 13, 1876. Mr. and Mrs. Shutters are members of the Christian Church. In politics, the former is an ardent republican. He and wife have a farm of sixty-five acres, and a comfortable home, where they reside in a pleasant way. They are among their township's best citizens.