Wayne Township

Wayne Township

Ily this time all the land in the township had hccn entered, portions of it liy capitalists who were not settlers, and whose names do not belong in a list

Till- wa- a liilli- 1..- .aliiii, which .stood on the farm of Philip Carr, an.l the i.a.h.r was a Mr. My.is, who.c salary was ma.lc up hy the citizens

Ihe other in District N... 2. Tlic Trustees at that lime were Dr P. I' Whiie- M-ll, Ahrahaiii Xieholson, Thomas Richard.son, Jacoh Criill and J.-ss,- Fisher. Dining the years lS.-,7-.->.S-.-,n. there were eleven school hiiildiiigs completed in the various districts of the township. The pr.-.sont number of schoolhouses is Ihirtecn. In September, l.S,.i7, the school at Clarksvillc was organized a.s a gradeil sclinnl and conilucte.l as such fnr several successive .terms, but at the present time it is conducted without grades, like the district schools. Dr. P. P. Whitescll, D. D. Cuylor and J. It. Leonard constituted the Board of School Trustees of Clarksvillc when the school was first grailed, and were very earnest in their endeavors to establish and maintain at that town a school which would lie inferior to none in the county, and the teachers whom they cmplnyed were jiersons of marked ability ; hut a reduction of the wages of tcacliers had a depressing efTect upon the school at this town, and the hopes of its originators were not realized. Dr. Whitcsell still holds his position as one of the School Trustees, and Mr. C.aylor was succeedeil by T. J. Shoemaker in 187S. Mr. Leonard acted in this capacity one year, and was suceec.lcd, in 1SI18, by Ilobert liraltain.

Mrihn.tht A)>/.«m;>f,/. - The Methodists were the first who hchi religious meetings in the township. As early as lS2r), services were conducted by this denomination at the houses of Jcwejih Woddcll, John Hare and others. Rev. Havens and liev. lloyse were among the early ministers.. Services were conducted at private houses for a number of years before any steps were taken toward the organization of ft church, partly because the number of Methodist members was very small, and partly because the congregation was composed, in those d.iys, of jieople of various religious denominations. About tlic year 1835 or IS.ffi.the first class in Ibotownsbip was organized, and held its weekly meetings at private houses for sevcrnl years. Then a log church was erected on Und donated for the purpose by Philip Carr. This building was occupied until 1841;, when it was torn down, and replaced by the present frame edifice - " Bethel Church." Since the erection of the first church, services have been regularly continued. The present Pastor is Ilev. T. II. C. Beall.

I'mon Chaprl. - ln ISIlti or 18:17, a class was organized with (he follow, ing members : John Castor and wife, Maj. Shelby and wife, Dorcas Hare, Sarah Oritfith, Polly Hare and Alexander Stephenson and wife. John Castor

Si.,,,;/ Cirri- Grnwn, nii),thl C/ii-,r/,. - The soeiety was first or-anizcd in Wayne Township in IS.-.I or lS.-,2, and met nt private houses for several years, and later at. the district sehoolhouse. In IHdn, they erected their present house .if worship on the farm then owned by Hiram Kinch, now by A. J. Sohl. I'.ider Kli Caylor wxs the first Pastor, and acted in this capacity for about ten years.

PIIIMP P. WHITESKLL, M. D. The ancestors of Dr. Whitesell were natives of I'rance. Jacob Whitesell was born in Amsterdam, and, in early manhood, was married to an Irish la.Iy. After his marriage, he resided for awhile in <Tcrmany. In 1774, he emigrated to America, and in the war for inilcpendence he served as a .soldier, and was wounded at the battle of Brandywine. At the elo.se of the war, he settled near Pitt.sburgh, Penn., in charge of a ehurcli at that place .a-s Pastor. He resided nt that place until his death, in ISO.S, nt the age of eighty-six years. He wius the father of nine children, named George, Jacob, Philip, Wilson, Hannah, .Susan, Sarah, Mary and .Joseph - all deceased at tliis time except .Joscpii and Han-

His son Philip was born in Germany in 17Sli. He was reared and remained at home near l*itt.sburgh, Penn., until nineteen years of age, when he became a pilot on the Ohio liiver, from Pittsburgh to Cincinnati. lie afterward built and run the Phcbus, which was the second steamer run between Pittsburgh and Cincinnati. Ho was married to Sarah Cubbage, and afterward, in 1821, he .settled in the city of Cincinnati. He followed the river all his life, and died in LSHO, at tlic age of sixty-one years. His widow died in 185:i, at the age of seventy-two years. They were the parents of nine children, named Catharine, Sarah, William, Jacob, AVilson, Philip, Samuel. Charles and an infint (deceased) not named. All these arc liring at this time save the one last

Philip P. Whitesell was born in Cincinnati on the 4th day of December, . 182H. His boyhood was passed in the schools until 18.'!1, when, iu consof|Ucnec of the cholera, the family moved to Prankliu County, Ind., where they remained until he wils fourteen years of age, when they removed to Marion County, and .settled near Indianapolis on n farm. The yonng boy remained at home assisting on the farm until he was seventeen yearsof age, when he entered a school at Madison, where he remained three years. He then commenced the study of medicine with Dr. II. B. \. Johnson, of Marion County, where ho remained three years. He then studied with Drs. Dullard & Mcara, of Indianapolis, and then for a few months wna engaged on the Indianapolis k Peru Kailroad.

He next attended a course of medical lectures at the Central Medical College nt Indianapolis, and then, in the spring of IS.'ifl, he .settled at Clarksville, Hamilton County, and conimenccd the practice of his profession, and where he has ever since resided, except an interval of two years in Noblesville and while in service in the army.

In December, 18.-):i, ho was united in marriage to Miss May K. Heiny, daughter of Henry and Eliziilieth Heiny. of Clarksville. The Doctor continued in the pr.acticc of medicine until 1861, when the long-impending crisis between the North and South broke out into actual rebellion against the Government and Union. The Doctor, who was an active and zealous supporter of the Ilepubliean parly, laid aside his profession and busincas and beeaine actively engaged in cnli.sting men and means for the defense of Iho Government. Ho enlisted Company E, of the Thirty-ninth Indiana Infantry, which he uniformed and clothed at his own expense, and then with it went into the field as Captain. Ho

In Jnnc, lSfi2, he was promoted to Asf^istant Surgeon, and three months later was n^'ain promoted to Kcgimental Surj;eon, in whieli position he served until J[a_v, ISCy'.i, when he was emplojei] as Ueeruiting Ofiiecr and as Inspecting Surgeon of Keeruits. Soon after that, lie left the serviee, and was for two jcars in the practice of his profession at Noblesville, a portion of that time in rnparlnersliip with Dr. W. B. Graham, of that place. He then returned to Clnrksville and resume.l practice, where he has ever since resided. The Doctor has been an active and honored meujber of the Ancient Order of i'rce and Accejitcd Masons since 1R51, and in nil positions, whether as Master or Companion of the Uojnl Arch, is regarded by the craft na " worthy and well qualified." He and his esteemed wife attend the ministrations of the Methodist Kpiscojal Church at t?larksville, of which they arc worthy and consistent members.

The Doctor takes an active interest in educational matters, and has served as Trustee on the school board for the last nine years. He has for a number of years been one of the Directors of the Indiana Mutual Life Insurance Company, ami is at this time Vice President of that institution. He is known and recognized in the medical profession n.s n well-read and skillful physician, and enjoys a large and lucrative practice in his locality. He is a member of the Couuty, Slate nnd National ^Icdical As.sociations, nnd has been n repre.senta. tive in the National Medical Association of the United States.

The Doctor nnd his lady arc the parents of si,x children, named Sarah K., Alice, Nellie K., I,illie, Philip B. and ivlith M. - all living at home with the parents, except Sarah, who is the wife of George Uiehwinc, and resides in Noblesvillc.

The Doctor is widely known, respected and esteemed professionally and socially among nil clnsses in the county, and it is with pleasure we are nblc to present our readers, on another page of this work, the portrait of Dr. Whitesell in the grfiup of representative medical men of Hamilton County.

WILLIAM H. CASTdK was born in Hamilton County, Ind., March 24, 1S:).5. He is the oldest son of John and ,'^arnh Castor, and oldest brother of Samuel B. Castor. In regard to his ancestors, reference may bo had to the biography of S. B. Castor, which contains the genealogy of the family as far back n.s it is known.

Mr. Cn.vtor's earlier years were passed similarly to those of all farmer boys of his day. He worked on his father's farm during three-fourths of the year attending the country school in the winter.

The lives of the early settlers of this county were one unbroken record of liardsbi)! and privation, nnd the children came in for their share. The matter of obtaining an education in tliose days, involved a great deal of hard work nnd self-denial, nnd required of the children who attended the schools situated nt long distances from their homes, in log hut.s of the rudest de.seriplion, and devoid of all comfort, an amount of courage nnd endurance beyond their years, nnd before wliich the modern child would quail. Mr. Castor was not niiirc fortunate in his o|iport\inities for obtnining an education than were other cbililrcn of his day, walking from eight to ten miles each day that ho attended school, through all kinds of weather, over roads of the, poorest de.scrip tiitn, and often with no road at all, merely a jiath to guide him to the neighbor, hood in which the hut called a scboolliouse was situated. But be nuidc the most of his ojiportunities, poor as they were, and to-day he is a man of more than average intelligence and business ability. Having learned all that could be Ijiught him in the schools of his day, ho turned his attention toward obtaining a eonipctenec. Karming seemed to be the best opening nt that time and would hnvc been his choice under any eircumstjinces. Kntering upon hia eliosen vocation in a small wny, he has steadily advanced and prospered, and he is now one of the most successful farmers in the county, and is the largest landowner. His home, a representation of whicli appears in this work, is n model <tf comfort and elegnnce. Ho moverl on to the farm where he now resides twenty-five years ago, nnd has been adding to it nnd increasing it* value every year, and now, nt the ago of forty-five, he has an assured competence for life. He was one of the orgnnizers of the lycbanon, Anderson & Saint Louis Itailroad, and was a Director in the company for five years. As an evidcneo of the indomitable spirit and energy of Mr. Castor, it may be well to mention tlint liis railroad venture proved very disastrous to him, he losing nearly $.10,000 in it. Many a man would hnvc given up the struggle in dejipair. I

Not so with him. Ho bade farewell to his hard-earned dollars, pocketed bis dearly bought experience nnd returned to his original vocation, and by industry and economy has .about replaced his losses.

Dccendjcr IS, IS.ii;, .Mr. Castor was united in marriage to Miss Martha ,J. Ca.stor, who wiis born in Ohio, June fi, 18:17, and died in Hamilton County, Ind., April 4, 1877.

On February 14, 187S, he was again united in marriage, this time to Miss Mary C. Bcnham, youngest child of Dr. S. Benh.aiu, of New York, who came to Hamilton County, Ind., with his family in 18lj0. This union has been blessed by the birth of n son, now n little over a year old.

Mr. Castor h.is been n member of the Methoilist Kpiseopal Church since 185.1, and n Mason .since 18l!2. He is a Republican in jiolities, nnd takes a lively interest in the affairs of his party, although he hius no political n.'.pirations. He is regarded by his neighbors ;us an earnest Christian, a careful and honest business man, and a true and faithful friend. Ho stands high in the Ma.sonie fraternity, of which he has .so long been an honored luember. He is very enteqirising and public-spirited, and is always in favor of, and hnds his substantial a.-^sistanco to. all enterprises which are likely to benefit his locality, but his modesty prevents his ever taking the lead. In a word, he is a perfect representative of the success due to honesty nnd fair dealing, in connection with energy nnd economy.

SAMI'KI, B was born in Hamilton Ciiunty, Ind. nally came from Scotland, some time prior The first authentic account we have Ca.stor, who lived nt Brock's Gap, Vn. I twenty-seven boys and three gnrls ; nnd it

Noah CiLstor, from whom this branch of the family baa descended, was one of the twenty-seven patriots above referred to. He was born at Brock's (iap, Va., and removed to Peimsylvania. He was the great-grandfather of Samuel B. Castor, nnd father of Nathan Castor, who was born 178G in Pennsylvania. Nothing is known regarding Nathan, which would be of interest here, ejcept that he was the grandfather of S. B. Castor, and father of John Ca.stor, who wa-s born in Armstrong County, I'enn., October 22, 1810.

John Citstor, the father of S. B. Ca.stor, came to this county February 1, 18:u, and on the llth day of the same mr.nth married Mi.«s Sarah Bcatly, settling upon land in Hamilton County, Ind., which he bought from the I'nitcd States. He nnd his wife are still living on the snme land ; their children arc all .settled near them on fartus of their own, some of them within sight of the old biune.stc.ad. They are a hale nnd happy old couple, and bid fair to live to sec the beginning of another century.

Samuel B. Castor, the subjeet of this sketch, is the third son of John Ciistor. He was not more fortunate than other young men of his time in his opportunities for obtaining an education. He had to go a long distance to a poor log hut, and in return I'.ir his effort,-, received only a meager foundation for an education; but he had energy nnd a strong desire to learn, and did not content himself with the limited advantages his neighborhood afforded.

At about the age of sixteen he went to Indianapohs, where he attended school during the summer session, paying his wny by teaching in the country during the winter. This he continued for several years nnd finally sueeced.'d in ol)taining what was in those days considered a good education.

His e.arly training nnd natural inclinations decided him to adopt fnnning as liis vocation, and, having prepared himself by a good education to couduct mplishment of his chief ine fanu. The same spirit which fforts to obtain nn education has ea in this direction, nnd he is now the owner of one of the finest farms in the county. His home, a representation of wlneh appears in this work, is all that any reasonable man could ask, and IS rcnlly a monument to his energy, economy and industry.

^ In 1862, he manHed Mis, Francis A. Wilson, the only child of Mr. George W '\\ ilson, who came to this county nbout 1830. In 1838 Jlr Wilson marned Miss Mnrtha ^Jnnc West, Francis A. being the only fVuit of their

The union of Mr. nnd Mrs. Castor has been blessed by the birth of six children, four of whom are still. living, viz., Addn J., born March 13, 1805 Charles W., bom March 21, 1870; George Beatty, bom December IC, 1875' his business intelligently, he bent every energy ambition, which was to own and operate a fii carried him through sueces-sfully in finally witnessed the rcali;;ition of all li ilics, ho takes a great interest in all party and political matters, and few n are better infbrnicd on the tojiics of the day than he. lie lia.s never held aspired to any pulilical po.si(ion, yet few men who are anibiliou.'! in tliat woulil fill a piisilion of trust more worthily.

Seen in liis elepanl home, surrounded by his intclli;,'cnt and intere.stin;,' lily, one cannot help feelini.' that lie is sin-ularly favored, and should be, as

V. IM.. September l(i, I7H7. When he w.xs about died, nud he was bound to a brotlicr-in-law by tbe on. he serveil on bis farm until be was of .igc. At was Mr. Townsend's farm. Another reason for ad iiiaib' up his mind to explore the West with a rlion of it. Aeeordiugly, be went to Virginia, stopfor about a year. Not finding a satisfactory loeaueky, s].eudiiig cousiili'iable time in different see- n a Mr. Burke in the fame neighborhood, LMrs ; during this time, they iiad been very dr. I'asswater bad made some ventures in I ground, hauling it to Cincinnati to market, uny, they liad managed to save money, and did return, mid gave bis (i-ieuds a eompleto, though joyful surprise, for, as before .stated, the repf.rt bad gone home that ho was dead, and no one bad doul'ted its triifli, but bad mourned him as gone from them forever.

In l.ss than a year fioiu tlic time of bis return, ho married Miss Rachel Coverdale, a ni.re of VM Coverdale, who had raised bim. Jliss Covtrdale was liorii in Sussex Coiiiily, Del., in May, 1787. Her father dying when she was - |iiile young, b.r mule Kli Coverdale induced her to make her home with him, notwiibsiaiidiiig the fact that her mother was well .situated, being the owner of a g..o.l home and 1(10 acres of land. Mr. Coverdale felt anxious to attend to the rearing of bis dead lirotber's child, and freely carried out his generous impulses regarding Iter. It was during Iier sojourn at her uncle's that she made the acr|uaiutancc of Mr. I'asswater. and it is sup]io,sed that when be went West, they were engaged. However, they were married in 181 T), and ri.mained in Delaware about a y.-ar.

land travel in those days. They traveled as far as Wbeelin-, Va., in their wagon, which containeci all their wealth. Here they embarked on a flatboat, the ouly means of river navigation in those days, Inking llicir horse and wagon aboard with them. In this boat they proceeded down tbe river to Cincinnati ; during the passage, a hurricane siriiek them, and tliey came near being wrecked, but, after almost superbuiuan efforts, they succeeded in effecting a landing, where tlicy remained till after the storm, when they again proceeded on their way. After great toil aiol many narrow escapes, they finally reached wilderness. They were both natural farmers, if the expression may bo perinilted, and they at once began the work of making for tlicmaelvcs a home. U may be well to mention here, that they were both poor, and had come to this mw country witli very little money, depending entirely ujiou their own exertions to get themselves tbe home they had determined to possess. They first rented a small patch of cleared ground, and put in o crop, which they tended and harveslod alone. The next year, a Mr. I'ursell offered to rent them a larger place, but, owing to their lack of stock and iiuplemcnts, they declined to lake it. Ho, seeing that they were sure to succeed, finally aided them to got what tlioy needed, and they went on to his place.

During their stay in Ohio, four children were born to Ibeui - Kb. Allrcil, Klizabelh .1. and William J. About November IC, lH2i;, they arrived in Hamilton County, Ind., settling on eighty acres which Mr. Pa-sswater bod previously entered. He built a log cabin on tbe spot where Ell Passwater's residence now stands, a representatinn of wliich appears in this work ; later, he built the bouse now occupied bv K\\.

He and bis wife again began building themselves a homo out of the wilderncss, and al^er years of toil and privation, in which all participated, Iliey not only cleared the eighty acres, but added to it from time to time, till ot the end of a few yean they owned 4'20 acres, besides considerable properly in Noblesvillc. The following-named children were born to them in Hamilton County, Ind. : I.srael,l.!eorge W., I'urncll, Riebnrd,Itachel, JIary I', nud Peter J. The following-named are still living : Kb, William J., Klizabetb J., Purnell, Mary P. and Peter J.

.Mr. Piusswater and his family lived happily in the community they bad helped to build up, drawing friends around them from year to year ; both were tociablc and hospitable, and it could be truthfully said of their home "that tbe latch siring was nlwnys outside," and to this day, their reputation for hospitality to their friends and charity to the poor is remembered by many who have partaken of one or the other.

Mr. Passwater and his wife wen Methodist lOjiiseiiial Church for un death. During uinny years, all the on a portion of the Pa.sswater farm, for that purjipsc, and during eamp-m who were not provided with a place their table.

-- both members in good standing in the ore than thirty-five years prior to their camp-nieclings for this circuit were held which privilege they donated the cbureb ecting, their tent was nlw.iys open to those to stay, and all were welcome to seats at n the truest sense a Christian gentleman, and was in all bis good impulses by the noble wife who had followed bis for. h years of trial and jtrivation in the wihicrncssesof t)liioaiid Indiana a model of true womanhood, plain and straightforward in her ites, never hesitating to do what she ( among Iter neighbors or in her family, of the charter members of Clarksvillc Lodge, No ion of bis connection with that order appears ii

He always took an active part in all public enterprises. He was among the first to take stock in the Indianapolis, Peru tt Chicago Uailroail. He was also among the first to take stock in the Noblesvillc & Pendleton gravel road. He was among the most liberal subscribers in the building of tbe Methodist Episcopal Church, known as the liethel Church, being more interested in the success of that undertaking than any other in which he had engaged. He was a Democrat in politics, though a strong Anti-slavery man, and was several times solicited by bis party friends to become their candidate for various positions, but always declined, owing to Ills undervaluation of bis abilities.

On the nth day of March, 1874, this truly good man passed from this life, full of years and honors, having lived nearly sixteen years beyond tbe allotted lime of man. He is buried in tbe yard- of the little church he did 80 much to establish, and of which he was so long an honored member.

On July .SI, 1874, U.aehel, his noble wife, followed him, aged seventy-six, and there in tbe little churchyard, side by side, we Icnvo them to await the day that sliall summon them to the reward which awaits all who have lived such lives of devotion and usefulness as were theirs.

Eli Passwater

ELI PASSWATER was born November 2G, 1821, in Hamilton County,Ohio. He is the oldest child of Peter and Uaehul Pa.sswater. Ho came to Hamilton Couuly, Ind., with his. parents in Novcnilier, 182(i, and settled with them on the farm where he now lives, and which his industry helped to make the splendid property it is to-dny. His advantages for an .education were very limited ; indeed, it maybe said with truth that bo had no advaolngos, and but few opportunities Being one in tlidw (Inyti, the ulitaining (if even li partinl educntion was attended willi ii great deal u( diffieulty. The distance frimi liis lionic In the schdolhoiisc was several miles, the roads had, and the sclienlhousca comfortless log cabins, with ]>iinrlic(iri floors, seats and desks iiewn out of logs; no windows, only openings eovered with oiled white jiajier, llirough wliicli the light struggled faintly. But if llic light was .scant, air was not. In those days, there was no trouble about the ventilation of school buildings, ns there was always plenty of space between the lops which conijiosed the walls of the buildings to let in pure air ; in fact, they always bad more air than they needed.

The attendants upon our |ialati.il schools of the present day have no conception of tlic (li>c(rnil(ii1s under whieli the limited amount of learning these old ).ioneers obtained, was iic(|uired. Nor do they ever think that the many eouiliirls and luxuries tbcy are enabled to enjoy arc due wholly to these brave men and their wives, who Hrst cleared the wildcrncs.s, and then provided them with all the comforts and advantages of which they bad dejirivcd themselves.

Jlr. PaKswater obtained what was in his day considered an average education, and had it not been ior a misfortune, particulars of which appear further on, be would have taken a leading position in the business of his choice, which was farming. He was always devoted to his jiarents and home, and has sjicnt nearly all bis life at the old homestead. He was with his father on the farm until of age, when be went away to work for a neighbor for a short time. Several times be left for short jieriods to work for neighbors ; but the greater part of bis life has been spent at home.

On the 1 Itb of June, 185.'), he was joined in marriage to Jliss Mary M. Ellison, who was born in Monroe County, Va,, December i!2, 18:11. She came to Madison County, Iiid., with licr parents in 18:43.

Mr. I'afswater's ancestors were among the early settlers in America, taking part in the Kevolutionary and various Indian wars, and the war of IBlli. Her l-arcnts were both born in Virginia, and married there in 18i:i. Her father's name was Joseph Kllison. Her mother's maiden name was Prudence Husby.

Joseph Ellison, Jlrs. Passwater's fatlier, was widely known in this country in its early days, and was noted for his exemplary Christian character. He was a Missionary Baptist, as was his wife, and the family were raised in that faith, and all still adhere to it. He died in Madison County, Ind., in the month of March, 180!1, aged seventy-five years.

Eli Passwater is not a member of any church, but is a firm believer iti the jirineiplcs of Christianity, governing all his dealings with his fellow. men liy the " golden rule."

He is a Democrat in politics, hut is so liberal and conservative in bis views as not to antagonize bis friends and neighbors who hold different opinions from

In 18ri0, he was afHietcd with granulation of the eyelids, and, through imj. roper treatment, the left eye was totally destroyed, and the right nearly ruined. He can barely see to get around ; but is incapable of doing any work. For more than- twenty years he has suffered from this aflliction, and his cheerful demeanor during nil these years would afford a good example of courage and liirbearanec to many who lay claim to more Christian graces than ho docs.

Uncle Eli, as he is familiarly called by his friends, wa.s, on the 26tli of May last, the occasion of the fifty-ninth anniversary of bis birth, very much sur- I>riscd, on returning to his home after a short absence, to find a very large ccntourse of peoiile nsteiublcd. The crowd embraced neariy all the members of Clnrksville Eodge, No. 118, A., F. & A. M., and a large number of his friends from all over tlic county. As before said, he was completely surprised and bewildered by the large assemblage, nor could he comprehend its meaning till he was led to a chair, beneath a pine tree which his father had planted, when Dr. P. P. Whitesell, W. M., Clarksville' Lodge, No. 118, A., F. & A. M., en behalf of the Iratcrnity, and the Hon. J. 11. Gray, on behalf of other friends, each in a neat and approjiriate speech, presented him with an elegant ebony, silver-headed cane, appropriately engraved with the emblems of the Masonic order, his name, date of presentation and names of the donors. After the presentation was over, and all had congratulated Uncle Eli, and wished him nunilieringover one hundred and filly, .sat down to a feast which would he to eijual and impossible to excel. After a most pleasant re-union the adjourned, feeling that they bad bestowed a fitting testimonial upon a worthy friend, and a.s.surcd that rncle Eli will always count this cane ni his most valued treasures. No better testimonial to bis popularity cou mentioned than the above, as it was conducted by the best people it county, and speaks more chi(|uently than could any words of the biogTapl the high esteem in which he is held by those wh<i know him well.

the family, and great-grandfather of Calvin F., was horn in Connecticut in 17:):i. Little of his history is known, except that he married in Connecticut, and had a family of ten children, namely, Curtis, Jnsiah, Nathaniel, liarrick, Amos, Amelia, Deborah, Harriet, Hannah and Jerusha.

Curtis^Mnllcry, oldest son of Amos, and grandfather of Calvin, was liorii in Connecticut April 8, 1778, and died October 1, 18.^)1. Nancy Bolter, his wife, was born in Connecticut June 18, 178i; and died Augnjst Id, 18511. The following-named were the children (d" Curu.^ and Nancy Mallery, viz., WiUiston, Parthcnia, Josiah, Eliza, Juliet, Mary, Horace C, Jane F., Jubal W. and Garrick ]!.

Horace C. Mallery, father of Calvin F., the subject of this biography, was born in Jefferson County, N. Y., April G, 1815, and cainc to Ilapiilton County, Iitd., with his parents in 1820. In 18:i5, he was united in marriage to ^liss Mary Pugh, who was horn in Greene County, Ohio, September lit, 1H13, and came to Hamilton County, Ind., with her parents in 183:1. They settled on a farm of forty acres in this county in 1844, and by close economy and industry they were enabled to add to it from year to year till they finally owned three hundred and twenty acres, besides a house and lot in Nohlcsville and considerable personal property. Horace C. Mallery died in Hamilton County, Ind.^ March 11, 1871), aged sixty-four yeaiTi seven months and six days. Mary, his wife, died M.areh 30, 1875, aged sixty-one years and six months.

Calvin F. Mallcry, the subject of this sketch, was born July 12, 1838, in Hamilton County, Ind., one mile south of Nohlcsville. He is a man of considerable locixl prominence, having served ils Township Trustee of Wayne Township from 1872 to 1874. In 1874, he was elected County Commissioner of Hamilton County, but never served, owing to a change in the election law, which went into elTect about that time, and under which the old Coinmissioner, whose place >Ir. Mallery was to have taken, held over. He was one of the incorporators of the Nohlcsville and Stony Creek Gravel Uoad, and is the present Secretary of that corporation.

Mr. Mallcry succeeded in obtaining a fair education, his opportunities being better than most boys of his time, bis grandfather having been a sehoolteacber in the East. Under bis tuition at home, Calvin laid the foundation for a good Engli.sh education, which he afterward coniideted in the public schools of the county, entering^ at the age of thirteen, and attending the winter sessions for about five years, working on his father's farm when not attending school.

At about the age of twenty, Jlr. Mallcry took eliargo of the school on Stony Creek, which was held in what was then known as the Jack Hare Schoolhouse. After teaching this school one winter, he gave it up and went on the farm with his father, where he remained until the following June. This wa» in the spring of 1859.

On the lllth of March, 1859, he was unitc'd in marriage to Miss Granger, the oldest daughter of Chester D. and Joanna S. Granger. Mrs. Mallery 's parents were among the earliest settlers in this county, coming here with their parents when they were quite young children. The union of Mr. and Mrs. Mallery has been blessed by the birth of the following-named children : Chester H. (deceased), Lucy A., Ettie M., Garrick L., Ora M., Calvin E., Mary J., Curtis D. (deceased), Jennie 1". and Ingram W. All the children now living are at home with their parents, and are an intelligent and interesting family.

In the month of June, 1859, Mr. and Mrs. Mallery moved into their present house, where they entered earnestly upon the duties of life. They are still living in the same place, and, as an evidence of their industry and good man- llie age of .sixteen, lie wns i|ii.ilifii'd lo leach the common Ijranclie.s of an English education. Uavin- clmMri III.' v..,!iiion of schoolteacher, he entered upon it at once, and followc d ir aliim^i iinioi.rniplcdly for about twenty years. In those days, .school wns in scs-i.m only nl.ont one-half the year, and Mr. Mnllcry follovred the custom, poj.ular amonp schoolteachers at that lime of farming during .lie months that school w.as not in session. Hut so devoted was he to Ills chosen profe-^sion that, upon the arrival of the school season, he would leave the gnlhcring of his crops to the care of his father, anil open his school - promptly at the lime set. He was very successful as an iuslrnctor, as many Worthy young proj.le who were liis pupils in times past bear wilne.s-s.

Kuring the past five years, he has devoted his entire attention t« his firm, wliieh lie ncipiired frnni his fnllier. He is a man of great energy, and in his farming, as well as in Ihe chosen profession of his earlier years, he is very successful.

On the 2")lh of April, ISCn, he wns married to Miss Lydia Kichmoml, who was the daughter of the Hcv. Jtichmond, a Methodist minisler, who pr&iched on this circuit for several years. 1 lying while Mrs. M. was <|uitc a young child, she docs not rememher much in regard to him ; hut tho.se who knew him s|.eak of him in the highest terms. The union of Curtis and Lydia Mallery has been blessed by the birth of three children, two of whom arc living, viz., Arza V. and Francis H.; the eldest. Ingrain L., is dead.

Mr. Mallery is an active member of the Methodist PIpiscopal Church. A liepublican in politics, and, though always ready to work for cither his church, his party, ipr his neigliborhood, has never aspired to, or held, any position of public trust. He has in his (juiet way aided many enterprises, both for public and private good ; but he is one of those rare men," who let not their left hand know what the right hand doeth,"

In person, Mr, ?lallery is tall and spare, with a modest, retiring manner, an easy, pleasant talker, and just the man to eiu-n and retain the respect of all who know him. He is about forty years of age, and looks as though he might live to sec eighty ; and, could it be left to the communily in which he has lived so long to say how much longer he should be with Ibein, he would live to a I great age, for ho is eminently a man among men.

Mr. Wright's ancestors came from Ireland some lime prior to the war of the Revolution, and his grandfather, John Wright, ser^'cd the United Stales during that war as a teamster.

iia was one of the poorest .sJlnles In the Cni.ui, L'hool privileges. There were no j.i.blie schools ny kind. In the spnrsely scllled faiining coinoolhonses were locntcd at long distances from of most of the attendants. It was not so easy hildren to nllend .school, nor were there any o( { Ihe present day. Most of them were the buildings ami furnishings log but with puncheon floors; desks and lire-)ihiees, with gn-een-wood for fuel, which iioke nearly all the lime; no gl.-uw in Iho place white paper, oiled, in order to render

Teachers in those days had aecpiircd their infonuntiim under even less favorable circumstances than these; and, as a matter of course, education was not as complel* iLs in our day. It consisted mainly in reading and writing, a little knowledge of geography, and a knowledge of arilhmelie as far as the rule ot three.

Mr. Wright availed himself of all the advantages he h.ad for .ibt.aining an education, and, whilo he may not be enlled a brillinnt man, he is a smart and successful one.

His early training, l.igelher with his inelinali.ms in later years, led him lo adopt the vocation of fanning, nnil he lins achieved a siicces.s of which he may Well feel jiroud, being the possessur of a fine farm, a comfortable home, u represenlalion of which ajipears in this work, and some very fine stock.

The entire family .seemed lo have an inborn love of liberty, and most earnest hatred of the then popular institution of slavery, and finally Ihe many encroachments of the large slave-owning fanners on the rights of the mm-slaveowning portion of the community, coupled with the pleading's of Je.s,se, induced his father to sell out his home in North Carolina and remove to Indiana, which he did in \8'K\ settling in Bartholomew County, upon land purchased before his removal, and which he never saw till he arrived with his family. They remained in Bartholomew County barely a year, leaving it on account of a disease peculiar to that locality, known ns milk sickness, settling in Marion County in 184n,

Jlra. Wright was born in the State of Delaware November 14, 182«, and came to Indiana with her parents in \8'.W, her father having entered 1,000 acres of land two years previously.

The union of Mr. and Mrs. Wright has been blessed by the birth of eight children, viz., Margaret II., horn November Ift, 1848 ; Wilbur F., boni October 20,1849; Kliza II., born December 10, 1851 ; Ceorgc W., born July 14, 185:i; Mary C., born May 4, 1855 (deceased); Victoria, bom July 17, 1858 (docea.scd) ; Jcs«. A., born December 2.3, 1800; Paulina I., Wn April 30, 1805. Jlr. Wright and his wife are merabcrs of the Methodist Episcopal Church, as were their parents. The respcctivo fathers of each were local preachers for many years before their death.

Source changes here: from History of Hamilton County Indiana, by John F. Haines, published 1915; 1,708 words in this source stream.

Topography

The history of Wayne township ought to be impressed upon every citizen within its borders. In 1833 the county commissioners, Isaac Hurlock, W. S. Goe and Stephen Carey, authorized the following boundary of Wayne town¬ ship: "Beginning on the east line of Hamilton county, on the line dividing sections 17 and 18, in township 19 north, range 6 east, south to line dividing sections 17 and 20, in township 18 north, range 6 east; thence west on the section line dividing sections 15 and 16, township 18 north, range 5 east; thence north with the section line to the line dividing sections 15 and 16, township 19 north, range 5 east ; thence west to the place of beginning." The township thus bounded contained thirty-five sections or square miles. Bound¬ ed on the north by White River township, on the east by Madison county, on the south by Fall Creek township and on the west by Noblesville township. The surface is gently rolling and affords excellent drainage. The soil is rich and productive and many fine farms lie within its borders. Dense forests covered this township and much work has been done to bring its fertile acres to their present high state of cultivation. The beginning of this work was done by the sturdy pioneers. The township is drained by Prairie creek. Sand creek. Mud creek and Stony creek, the latter being the largest. The valleys serve as drainage basins for the thousands of rods of tiling which have pene¬ trated all the ponds and sloughs and redeemed them for the use of man.

Early Settlement

The first settlement in the township was made in 1823 on the farms now owned by Charles Zeis and Mrs. Davis. The settlers were John, Israel and Solomon Finch, brothers, who came to Horseshoe prairie, south of Nobles¬ ville, in 1819, and erected cabins and cleared land at that point. The land upon which they settled was entered by others, however, (probably John Conner) before the Finches had an opportunity to do so. The labors of their first years thus was lost to them and they had to strike out into new and untrodden paths and begin all over again. Israel Finch settled on the farm now known as the McClellan farm and John Finch on the farm now known as the A. J. Sohl farm. Solomon Finch settled on the farm now owned by Charles Zeis. In December, 1823, came Joseph Waddell, James Hair, John Hair, Sr., John Hair, Jr., and William Waddell. John Hair, Jr., and William Waddell were unmarried and the rest had families. Next came David Osborn, who settled on the farm now known as the George Stephens farm.

iln 1824 Milo Bush settled on section 10. Afterward came Clements Passwater, William Davidson, Elijah Briffey and Peter Passwater, who made settlements near the Finch neighborhood. In the same year the .first orchard was set out in the township bv David Osborn, on the farm on which he settled on section 2. Many others came and founded homes. In 1825 came William Passwater. He planted an orchard, some of the trees of which still remain as an interesting landmark of early industry. In 1826 came James McKinzie, Parnell Coverdale, Eli Coverdale and Edward Layton. In 1832 came William Brattain and Solomon Brattain. In 1824 came Henry Burchman, John Zimmerman, William Aldred, Samuel Fisher and John Castor. All of these and many others had stout hearts and willing hands to battle against the hardships which beset the lives of the pioneers.

Early Highways And Schools

The township's first highway was the old Winchester road surveyed and cut from Winchester, Indiana, to Indianapolis, in 1824. Mile posts were established every mile. This road coursed across the township a little south of the center in a southwestern direction. This early highway still exists and is one of the main roads of the township. The next road led from Noblesville to Pendleton. Peter Lennen lived near the east county line on Pendle¬ ton road, and this road was so bad at certain seasons of the year that he kept an ox team ready to pull wagons over the bad roads, for which service he charged a small sum.

When our forefathers came one of the first essentials was the school. The first school opened in the township was on the farm of Charles Zeis. This was a summer subscription school, conducted by Mary Finch. The second school was that conducted by Rebecca Finch, in a log cabin which stood in a field just north of the site of the present Bethel church. This cabin school was short lived, the humble building which housed it burning to the ground during the second term of school. The first winter term was conducted in the house built by David Osborn on his farm. The first teacher of this school was Henry Scarce. The Osborn home contained two rooms, with a kitchen "lean to" at the rear, a room above serving as a winter school room. The second winter term was conducted by Theodore Gilleland, and the third term by Thomas O. Scragg. These schools were supported by sub¬ scription and this system remained in use until 1854, when the present system of free schools was adopted. Then came the move for the location of the old frame school houses. From 1857 to 1&59 the five trustees, Dr. P. P. Whitesell, Abraham Nicholson, Thomas Richardson, Jacob Crull and Jesse Fisher, com¬ pleted eleven of the old frame buildings in the several districts of the town¬ ship. At the present time the frame houses have been replaced by good sub-: stantial brick buildings.

Pioneer Churcues

Another factor in the civilization of the township has been the church. Long before any of the earlier churches were built the pioneers held religious services in their cabin homes. Many a pentecostal shower came down and blessed the hearts of men in these log cabins, giving the settlers new strength for the stern battles of life. A church was established in 1840 near the home of Charles Zfcis. The land on which this building was erected was donated by Phillip Carr. The class was organized by 1835 or 1836 and occupied the old log church until 1846, when that primitive edifice was torn down and the present building erected.

The next in order is the Union Chapel, which was organized in 1836 or 1837. The first class leader was John Castor, who officiated in this capacity for thirty-seven years. In 1845 this class erected a log church near the present location of Number 4 school house. They occupied this house until 1868, when a more modern structure was built, at a cost of more than two thousand dollars. Doctor Bowman, of Greencastle, preached the dedicatory sermon. This church was used until 1898, when it was destroyed by fire. In the same year a modern brick parsonage was built, at a cost exceeding two thousand dollars. In i860 the Christian church of Clarksville was organized. This society met in the school house until the year 1867, when they built their present house of worship. At the present time this church is in a flourishing condition and has the largest Sunday school in the township. In 1886 the present church, known as Refuge, was built and dedicated bv Rev. Darst, of Noblesville. This church has an earnest congregation and has done much good in saving souls. The present First Baptist church was built in 1884. This church was founded in an earlier day, the old log church in which the first meetings of the Baptists were held having been built in the early forties on the farm now owned by Thomas McDonald, near the site of the present church. - It also was used for school purposes when first built. At present it has a good organization. The Dunkard church was built about i860 on the A. J. Sohl farm.. The society was organized in 1851 or 1852 and in the earlier stage of its organization met at private houses and later at the school houses. This church flourished for many years, but in 1912 the organization was dis¬ continued.

Early Mills And Industries

The saw mill and grist mill are important institutions. The first saw mill was owned and operated by William Davidson. This was located on Stony creek, four miles east of Noblesville. He also opened the first stone quarry in the county. The next saw mill was built by William Hefley on Stony creek, just north of where now stands Number 6 school house. The third one was built by William Aldred on Stony creek, one mile north of Durbin. This mill served as a grist and lumber mill.

The towns located in the township are Clarksville and Durbin. Clarks¬ ville is situated in the southern half of the township and was founded in 1849 by Abraham Nicholson. It contains a church, a modern graded school house of brick construction and a Masonic lodge.

The business interests of the town consist of one blacksmith shop, owned by Ross Layton, and a general store, operated by Samuel Crull. This town maintains a telephone system and is thus in direct communication with the surrounding country. The town of Durbin was laid out in 1888 by S. B. Castor, W. W. Sylvester operating the first dry goods store. His brother, Hezekiah Sylvester, bought the first lots and built the first store house, the land he purchased having been a part of the tract owned by Charles Coverdale. Since that time S. B. Castor and John W. Fisher have laid out such additions to the town as the increase of population and business demanded. Much business is transacted in Durbin, which is an extensive shipping point.

Changes have come, and for the best. The Indians have gone toward the setting sun. The wild beasts have fled. The swamps have been redeemed. The old log school houses have served their mission. Improved machinery has taken the place of the rude implements of pioneer days. The old pioneer days are gone. The old pioneers also are gone. God has blessed their labors. They sleep in peace beneath the sod and the memory of their lives and of their deeds is a priceless and imperishable legacy to the present generation.