Bay County, Michigan - Chapter 16, 1905 (part 4 of 12)

The names of Captain Boutell's forebears were noted ones in New England history. His mother, who w'as a niece of President John Quincy Adams, was a woman of great force of character, and it is not unreasonable to suppose that her son was endowed by Nature with many of the characteristics and attributes which made the Adams family one of the most conspicuous ones in the United States for generations. Captain Bouteirs mother survived until 1880. His father, Daniel Boutell, was born in 1800, in New Hampshire, but the family removed to Syracuse, New York, in his childhood. There he was reared and there married, and when he subsequently remo\-etl to Livingston County, Michigan, he was one of the very first settlers in Deerfield township.

In 1858, Daniel Boutell remo\ed to Birch Run, on the public highway between Flint and Saginaw, wdiere he conducted a hotel known as the Half- Way House, from which he moved in the winter of 1859 to Bay City. Here he purchased the old Sherman House, which he rebuilt in 1862, renaming it the Boutell House. This hostelry was burned in 1865 and Mr. Boutell died in 1866. He was a man of local prominence wherever he lived and was noted for his outspoken Americanism. He served as a United States officer in the War of 1812. In early life a Wliig, he became an ardent supporter of the Republican party upon its organization. He was one of the early Free Masons of this section.

The early educational opportunities of Captain Boutell were the best afforded by the several sections in which he was reared, but he was the son of parents who had old-fashioned notions of thrift, and he was early taught that independence is only acquired through Indus- try. He recalls the first few pence he earned, when but a little lad, directing a plow horse through the corn-field, his years then numbering not more than eight. That he had grown into a capable and self-reliant youth by the time he was 12 years old, is evidenced by the fact that at that age his parents left him in charge of the farm when they moved to Birch Run. Thus from tender years he has been accustomed to responsibility and his successful grappling with the world, in after years, may, perhaps, be traced to those early lessons.

When the youth subsequently came to Bay City, he assisted his father in the conduct of the Boutell House, and, while its destruction by fire in 1865, was considered at that time a great calamity, it brought atout his connection with the industry which, in its various combinations, has been the main business of his life. In those days, as now, water transportation was so intimately connected with every business outlook in this section, that opportunities for work on one of the crafts on the river were more or less easy to secure, and the future president of great fleets of vessels obtained a position as wheelman on the tug "Wave." So quickly did he master the necessary details of navigation that he was made a mate in the following year. Just at this time, the steamer "Ajax," which had been a losing investment for its owners, the First National Bank of Bay City, was in need of a capable and reliable as w-ell as energetic commander. The owners of the vessel made an arrangement with the young mariner to become its captain with the understanding that his remuneration should be determined by the financial sheet he could show at the close of the year. During this year Captain Boutell made $6,000 for the company and thoroughly established his reputation for capacity. In 1868 he commanded the passenger steamer "Reynolds," and in the following year.

the tug "Union." In this year he went into partnership with Capt. William Mitchell, under the firm name of Mitchell & Boutell. This firm did a general towing and coal business until 1886, when it was dissolved, with large assets and mutual esteem. Captain Boutell then entered into partnership with Capt. P. C. Smith, putting into comission the tugs "Annie Moiles," "Sea Gull" and "Westover," while Captain Smith put in the tugs "S. S. Rummage," "Ellie M. Smith" and "Sarah Smith." The business was conducted two years as the- Saginaw Bay Towing Association and then the Saginaw Bay Towing Company was formed, Captain Boutell contributing, in addition to his other vessels, the "Niagara," and Captain Smith, the tug "Peter Smith." This business association continued until 1892, when Captain Boutell purchased Captain Smith's interest. During its season of greatest activity, the company owned and operated 21 tugs and employed about 500 men in the various departments. At first the field was local but their operations subsequently extended to Georgian Bay, Lake Michigan and Lake Superior. The tarifif laws on Canadian logs, prohibitory in effect, had the effect of curtailing the farther extension- of the towing business. Many of the great rafts contain as many as 4,000,000 feet of lumber. During his 39 years of activity in th:s business. Captain Boutell is credited with handling more timber than any other known man in any country.

In approaching the great enterprises with which this great lumber captain of industry has beai been identified and with which he has been more or less connected either as organizer, director or both, the biographer finds that they include about all the important industries of the Saginaw Valley, which have been markedly successful in their results. In 1899 he organized the Marine Iron Company of Bay City,.

of which he has been president ever since ; in 1 89 1 he organized the Boutell Transit Company of Bay City, which owns the steamer "Hiram W. Sibley" and the schooner "Twin Sisters," of which company he was president ; in 1895 he organized and became president of the Boutell Towing & Wrecking Company, of Sarnia, Ontario; and in 1896 he bought a controlling interest in the Hampton Transit Company which owned and operated the steamer "Charles A. Eddy," and also was president of this company. In 1899 he promoted and assisted in the organization of the Boutell Towing & Transit Company, of Boston, Massachusetts, of which he is vice-president, the company doing a coastwise towing business. He is vice-president of the Michigan State Chicory Company, of Bay City, and is a director of the Commercial Bank of Bay City.

Captain Boutell was one of the capitalists who first became interested in the growing of sugar beets as a gerat national industry and he has been one of the most active promoters in the State of ^Michigan. He owns a number of great farms, one of 1,200 acres near Essexville being devoted entirelv to the growing of sugar beets. He assisted in organizing the Bay City Sugar Company, which is the largest organization in Michigan, and was its vicepresident; was one of the organizers of the ^Michigan Sugar Company, and is a director in the Marine Sugar Company: helped to organize the Lansing Sugar Company, of which he was president and general manager; was vicepresident of the Saginaw Sugar Company and built their house; was vice-president of the Carleton Sugar Company of Carleton, Michigan, building their house; and has also been prominent in the beet sugar industry in other localities. He built the second sugar house In the State of Colorado, for the Eaton Sugar Company, and also helped to organize the

Windsor Sugar Company, of Windsor, Colorado, and built their house, being president of both companies. He was also vice-president of the Wallaceburg Sugar Company, of \\'allaceburg, Ontario. Other companies which have been promoted and assisted by him are the Mount Clemens Sugar Company, the West Bay City Sugar Company and the Menominee Sugar Company. He was one of the original promoters of the ^Michigan Chemical Company for the manufacture of alcohol from the refuse of the beet sugar houses. Captain Boutell wasone of the originators of the Pacific Portland Cement Company and is one of the three capitalists who control this business. This industry has grown from an original output of 500 barrels a day to 2,500. In 1905 he organized the Boutell Steel Barge Company, which owns eight steel whaleback barges and four steamers, having a carrying capacity of 34,000 tons per trip, that are engaged in carrying freight on the Great Lakes and on the Atlantic Ocean. This company is made up of himself and his sons. He was also the organizer of the Excelsior Foundry of West Bay City and is part owner in the Craig Foundry Company of Toledo ; was one of the promoters of the Saginaw \'alley Telephone Company, of which he is a director and is one of the directors of the Elm Lawn Cemetery Company. He has large interests in various coal fields in Bay County.

On December 21, 1869, Captain Boutell was united in marriage with Amelia C. Dutlinger, of Pine River, Michigan, who died in December, 1902, the mother of two sons: Frederick E. and William H., who are partnersin a large mercantile business at Bay City. In February, 1904, Captain Boutell married Cornelia Dutlinger, the twin sister of his first wife.

Episcopal Church, of which his venerated mother was a devoted member from its founding until her death. Fraternally, his Masonic connection is important. He belongs to Joppa Lodge, No. 315, F. & A. M., to the Masonic Scottish Rite bodies at Bay City, to Bay City Commandery, No. 26, K. T., to the Michigan Sovereign Consistory, S. P. R. S., at Detroit, and to Moslem Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., at Detroit. He is also a member of Lodge No. 88, B. P. O. E., at Bay City, and of the Bay City Club. In matters of civic moment he has always been actively interested and there are few benevolent institutions here which have not been assisted by his generosity.

RTHUR D. BAILEY, secretary and treasurer of the American Relief Society, at Bay City, Michigan, was born in Tuscola County, Michigan. August 21, 1866, and is a son of Henry and ]\Iary (Hall) Bailey and grandson of Ezra Bailey.

Ezra Bailey, who was born in Vermont and moved to Canada at a very early day, was a large lumber operator. In 1855 he came to the lumber districts of Michigan and later settled in Tuscola County, taking up a large body of land and continuing extensive lumbering to within a few years of his death. He married Ann Wintemoot, who was born in Germany but was reared in Canada. She was six years old when the battle of Lundy's Lane was fought and she could recall that her father's house was used as a hospital.

Henry Bailey, father of our subject, was born in 1840 in Canada, near Niagara Falls, and was reared in Tuscola County, Michigan. Upon his father's decease, he succeeded to the latter's lumberinar and farmino- interests. Later he operated a hotel at Mayville and also engaged in railroad construction. He married Mary Hall, who is a daughter of Benjamin W. Hall, of Tuscola County, Michigan, and to them were born seven children, six of whom survived to maturity, viz : James M., who died in July, 1898, at Detroit; Arthur D., of this sketch ; Charles A., of West Bay City ; George D., of Chicago; and Margaret N. and Harry H., of Detroit. Mr. and Mrs. Bailey have resided at Detroit since 1887. They are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Bailey is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows.

Arthur D. Bailey was educated in the public schools of Mayville, and began his business career as a clerk in a hardware store. In 1887 he accompanied the family in its removal to Detroit, and secured employment for himself in a Detroit hardware house, with which he remained until 1891, when he came to Bay City. Here he was employed for about five years as a bookkeeper with a crockery and wall paper company, in which he owned stock. When he became bookkeeper and cashier for the Home Security & Life Association of Saginaw, in 1896, he sold his crockery interests. He remained at Saginaw until 1898 and then came back to Bay City and entered into partnership wnth George E. Markham, under the firm name of Markham & Bailey. Soon after this, Mr. Bailey was offered a desirable position with the National Protective Society of Bay City, and he sold his partnership interest and became superintendent of an agency for the above-mentioned organization. He continued in that position until the founding of the American Relief Society.

The American Relief Society was organized and incorporated in May, 1900, under the laws of the State of Michigan, with Israel Ruelle as president and Arthur D. Bailey as secretary and treasurer. The original board of directors included these gentlemen with Martin L. De Bats, Silas Forcia and Benjamin F. Reed. The only change made since then has been the election of Franklin P. iNIcCormick as attorney and director in place of Benjamin F. Reed. The aim of this organization is to furnish benefits for sickness, accidental injury and death. Its charter permits it to operate in any State by complying with the laws of such State. Its home office is in the Phrenix Building, Bay City.

Mr. Bailey was married to Neva Hilliker, who is a daughter of Sanford and Sarah Barton) Hilliker, of West Bay City. They are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church on the West Side.

Politically, Mr. Bailey is a Democrat but is not active in party affairs. He is fraternally associated with Wenona Lodge, F. & A. M. ; Othello Lodge, Knights of Pythias, West Bay City; the Maccabees; the Modern Woodmen of America ; the Knights of the Loyal Guard ; the Modern Archers of America, having been chief clerk of the organization until 1904; and he also belongs to the Bay County Mutual Insurance Association of F. & A. M. Socially, he is a member of the Bay City Club.

Mr. Bailey justly stands high in the estimation of his fellow-citizens, and the company with which he is identified occupies an important place in the insurance world.

VASTUS LORD DUNBAR is superintendent of the Bay City waterworks, and in point of continuous service is the oldest official of Bay City, having served in that capacity since January, 1872. He was torn in Ellsworth, Connecticut, .August 13, 1846, and is a son of Hon.

Horace and Jeannette (Lord) Dunbar, and grandson of Aaron Dunbar. He comes of an old Scotch family which was established in America in the 17th century, and has been prominent in various States of the Union.

Hon. Horace Dunbar was born in Connecticut in 181 7, and became owner of 100 acres of land in Litchfield County, Connecticut. He was a man of prominence and wide acquaintance in that section, and was frequently called into public service. He was a Republican after the organization of that party, and served in the State Legislature of Connecticut and as selectman of his borne town for many years. Religiously, he was a member of the Congregational Church. His death, which occurred in May, 1 89 1, was sadly mourned by his fellow-citizens as an irreparable loss to the community. His wife, Jeannette Lord, was a daughter of Erastus Lord, who was of English descent and a prominent farmer in Connecticut. She was born in 1819, and died in May, 1891. just three weeks before her husband. Five children were born to them of whom four grew to maturity, oiu" subject being the youngest. One son, Everett S., was a ist lieutenant in the 13111 Regiment, Connecticut Vol. Inf., and served three years in the Union Army during the Civil War.

Erastus L. Dunbar was reared on the home farm and recei\-ed a common-school education. When the Civil War broke out, he wished to enlist in the service but being the only one left at home, his parents would not consent to it. In 1864, he left his home for Bay City, Michigan, where he studied civil engineering under the preceptorship of Andrew Huggins. Before this he had pursued studies along this line at home, and was therefore able to make rapid progress, soon becoming Mr. Huggins' assistant. He continued with that gentleman for one year, then formed a partnership with Wil- liam Mercer in civil engineering and sur\-eying, which continued until Mr. Dunbar was appointed superintendent of construction of the Avater-works system of Bay City in January, 1872. He had charge of the construction of all the buildings and the installing of the machinery, and has superintended the laying of all the mains throughout the city and in all the additions to the present time. The "Holley" has been completely installed. There are 50 miles of pipe laid and the plant has a of 10,000,000 gallons per day. Mr. Dunbar has also served as secretary of the Water -Board since the inception of the plant. This is one of the best systems in the State of Michigan. He meets every requirement of the office perfectly, and has given unqualified satisfaction to the critical public. During all these years of connection with the Water-Works, he has also served as assistant chief of the Fire Department. From 1866 until 1870, he served as county surveyor, refusing reelection, and from 1870 until April, 1872, served as city surveyor. He is a member of the American Water-Works Association, attending all national meetings; a member of the New England ^^'ater- Works Association ; and of the Michigan Society of Civil Engineers.

In 1870, Mr. Dunbar was united in marriage with Jennie McKay, who was born in Spring Arbour, Canada, and is a daughter of James McKay, who was a native of Scotland and settled at Spring Arbour, Canada, where he fanned until his death in 1894. Three children were born to them: Jessie "SI., who graduated from the Bay City High School and attended the University of Michigan, - she married B. Little, D. D. S., of Palo Alto, California, and has one son, Jean: James H.. a graduate of the University of Michigan, class of 1895, who is a civil engineer of Cleveland, Ohio, where he lives with his wife. Marie, and his daughter, Marie Elizabeth ; and Everett S., who is attending Leland Stanford University, being a member of the class of 1908 in the civil engineering department. Fraternally, Mr. Dunbar is a member of Bay City Lodge, No. 129, F. & A. M. In politics, he has always been a stanch supporter of Republicans principles and policies.

SCAR F. BENTLEY, who was the second pioneer settler of Gibson township, Bay County, Michigan, resides in the town of Bentley, which was named iii his honor. He was born in Monroe County, New York, in 1833, and is a son of Thomas and Sarah (James) Bentley.

Thomas Bentley was born in New York State and lived there many years. In 1847, accompanied by his wife and children, he moved to Michigan and located near Flint, where he purchased a tract of 80 acres, now known as the Roat farm, the second best farm in Genesee County. Additions were made to this property from time to time and the members of the family became large property holders. Twelve children were born to Thomas Bentley and his wife, Sarah James, and of these our subject is the nth in order of birth and the sole survivor at the present time. The mother died on the old homestead at the age of 68 years. Thomas Bentley formed a second marital union and with his wife spent his declining years on the farm of his son. Nelson. He died in his 71st year.

Oscar F. Bentley's educational training begun in the public schools of New York State, was completed in the schools situated in vicinity of Flint, Michigan. He remained on the home farm in Flint township, where his father and four brothers had cleared farms of dense forest and placed tliem in a tillable state, until his marriage in 1854. He then became a pioneer settler in Saginaw County, where he farmed until 1859. In that year he took up government land in Blue Earth County, Minnesota, antl there maintained his homestead for 12 years, at the end of which time he moved to Northern Kansas and li\-ed two years.

\MiiIe a resident ^^linnesota at the time of the Civil War^ he enlisted in the Union Army, but the outbreak of the Sioux Indians kept his regiment in the West. He served three years as a member of the Second Regiment, Minnesota Vol. Cav. At the time of the New Ulm massacre, he resided on a farm 20 miles from New Ulm, and with his neighbors moved to a place of safety to live until the depredations ceased.

Upon leaving Kansas, he returned to Genesee County, Michigan, and in April, 1887, made his last pioneer stand at Bentley, Gibson township, Bay County, where he has since resided. When Mr. Bentley first came here, he erected a large sawmill, which burned four years later. He rebuilt it at once and two years later the second mill burned. He again rebuilt this mill, which is now owned and operated by his son Frank. He has three farms, consisting of 320 acres, and is one of the substantial men of his section.

On February 8, 1854, ^Ir. Bentley was married to ^Matilda Anderson and they have spent 51 years in happy companionship, together braving the struggles of pioneering in different sections of the United States. They liave reared six children, as follows: Adelbert, born in 1855; Murray G., born in 1858, who married Annie Smythe and has one son, - Hebert M.; Perry Oliver, born in 1861, deceased October 15, 1880: Frank, born in 1863, the proprietor of a general store at Bentley, who married Cora Edmund and has one child, - Norma; Fred A., born in 1867, deceased in 1899; and Effie M., born April 30, 1870, who died ]\Iay 2, 1894, leaving a husband, Meade Burlingame, and one son, - Floyd. Adelbert Bentley, the oldest child born to our subject and his wife, first married Effie Kent, by whom he had five children, two of whom are now living, namely : Alice, who married Edward Genreaux and has two children, - Alta and Walter; and Roy. Mrs. Bentley died in 1898, and the following year Adelbert Bentley formed a second union with Jane Hannah; four children have been born to this union : Nona, who died in infancy; Russell, born July 3, 1897; Nina, born in 1899: and Stanley, born in 1901.

Oscar F. Bentley has always been an unswerving supporter of Republican principles, and takes an earnest interest in his party's success. He is a man of pleasing personality, and stands high in the regard of his fellow-citizens, among whom he has lived so many years.

TRISTOPHER HEINZMANX. The memory of the pioneers in his State, - the men who made the paths through the wilderness and, through hardship and persevering industry, wrought out its present peace and prosperity. - must always be of interest to a true and patriotic lover of his country. The pioneers in Bay County are not yet so far removed from the ]M-esent generation as to be forgotten, but there are those whose achievements are of more than usual interest. This was the case with the late Christopher Heinzmann, than whom Bay City had no more esteemed or valued citizen. He was born in W^n^temberg, Germany. March 13,

In 1846 the parents of Mr. Heinzmann left their home in Reicheneck, Germany, and came to America, setthng at Ann Arbor, Michigan, where the father died shortly afterward; the mother's death occurred at a later date. Our subject was an intelligent, well-educated youth of 15 years when the family came to Michigan. He continued to live at Ann Arbor, learning the English language and becoming accustomed to American usages, until 1849, when he started out to make his own way. At that time Lower Saginaw (now Bay City) was a nucleus of the lumbering interests and to this place Christopher came in search of work and found it in one of the sawmills. Here he was employed for some time, not only earning, but also saving his wages ; as soon as he had accumulated sufficient capital, he invested it in farming land which was then all wild, swampy and uncleared. The mere clearing of his land was no great task to him as he was accustomed to hard work, but to any one less prepared and hardy, it would have seemed a difficult undertaking. Finally his land was cleared and wellcultivated and he then owned a most excellent farm.

Mr. Heinzmann then embarked in a meat business and here again was shown the same steady perseverance that had previously brought him success. In 1854 he gave up his meat business and purchased a frame building on the corner of Saginaw and Sixth streets, which he fitted up as a hotel and named it the "Forest City House." This hostelry, which became justly popular on account of its excellent management, was finally destroyed by fire. He then bought the property on the corner of Washington avenue and Sixth street, refitted the building and named the establishment the "Forest City House." This hotel he successfully operated until the winter of 1887, when he retired from an active life. These interests did not, however, include all his business enterprises. He owned and operated both a saw and a grist mill for some five years, and was interested in real estate and in building. The beautiful residence at No. 604 Columbus avenue. Bay City, the home of Mrs. Heinzmann, was erected in 1874. Here Mr. Heinzmann's life closed September 8, 1902. His friends were numerous for he possessed the kind heart and genial temperament of the true German. He was kind to the unfortunate and generous to the needy.

Mr. Heinzmann was married first to Christina Reinhardt, of Bay City, who was born in Germany. They had three children : Katherine, Christopher and Christina, all deceased. Christopher left one son, - Fred. Christina married Hans Baumbach, a resident of Salzburg, Bay County, and they had four children : August, Katherine, William and Otto. Mrs. Heinzmann died March 3, 1881. She was a charter member of the Bay City German Lutheran Church.

On November 3. 1881, Mr. Heinzmann was married to Mrs. Margareta Sert. Mrs. Heinzmann was born in Madsmansdorf, Germany, September 4, 1829, and is a daughter of Andreas Bayer. She came to America with her sister and brother-in-law, George Meckler. They settled at Bay City in 1852 and in the following year she was married to Eustace Sert, who was a miller by trade. After four years at this business in Bay City, Mr. Sert built the hotel at Sebewaing, Michigan, long known as the Sert House. Mr. Sert died November 8, 1872, and Mrs. Sert continued to manage the hotel until her marriage with Mr. Heinzmann. Mrs. Heinzmann had three children born to her first union, namely : Louisa, who married Simon Hoffman and died six months later ;

Alargareta, who married Myron Tuttle and died September i. 1901 ; and Eustace, who died aged eight months. Mrs. Heinzmann is a very highly esteemed lady. She is very charitable and is one of the charter members of the Bay City German Lutheran Church.

EV. THOMAS RAFTER, whose portrait accompanies this sketch, has been pastor of St. James' Catholic Church, of Bay City, Michigan, for a period of 32 years and is a man dearly beloved by his congregation, among whom he has labored so faithfully. It was under his direction that the handsome church edifice was erected and it was under his guidance that the congregation has grown to its present large proportions.

Father Rafter was born in Monroe County, Michigan, in 1846, and is a son of William Rafter, a pioneer of this State; both of his parents are now deceased. His educational training was received at Montreal College, and at Louvain University, Belgium. He was ordained to the priesthood in Belgium, in 1869, and filled his first pastorate at Fenton. Michigan, where he remained two years. In 1873, he came to Bay City, where he has since remained. He is assisted by Rev. J. J. Walsh, a native of Grand Rapids, jMichigan. The latter received his theological education and training in Montreal College and came to St. James' Church in 1902. Father Rafter was appointed dean in 1903, his deanery embracing several counties.

The history of St. James' Church is a most interesting one. Catholic missionaries visited the Saginaw Valley in their religious work as early as 1829, at a time when the settlement was composed mainly of French. Prior to

1848, Lower Saginaw (now Bay City) was visited only occasionally by priests from various other localities of the State, mainly from Flint and Detroit. Father Kundig and Louis and Father Peter Kindekens (the vicar-general of the diocese) made frequent visits during the period from 1848 to 1852. Father Minayhan, of Flint, also made occasional visits to what is now the city of Saginaw ; and on most occasions had a Frenchman or Indian paddle him down the river to Lower Saginaw. These were gerat events for the people of the valley, who would gather and eagerly watch the approach of the priest in his canoe, carefully holding the vestments and altar vessels. Sometimes the trip would be made in the winter, by sledge over the frozen waters of the Saginaw River. Father Joseph Kindekens, brother of Father Peter, and Father Kilroy, formerly of St. Clair County, had charges among the Catholics of the valley. In 1848, there were but eight families here, mostly French, and in 1851, 14 families. During 1850 and 1851, the Catholics of Lower Saginaw built of native timber, which they procured from the woods, a church on Washington street below Second. Rev. H. J. H. Schutjes arrived in 1852 and assumed charge. He had great difficulties with which to contend, as the church was not only in its infancy, but no place was provided as the pastoral residence. He chiefly lived at the old Wolverton House, and the remainder of the time was the guest of some friend. Included in his charge was the entire Saginaw Valley, and this necessitated frequent trips, which were quite hazardous and difficult of accomplishment, as there were no roads at that time. He was relieved of a part of his charge in 1863, when pastors were secured for Saginaw and East Saginaw. His parishioners' included Hollanders, Germans, French and those speaking English, and this made it nee- essary for him to speak several languages. In 1868, a new church was erected on the site -of the present St. James Church by the English-speaking portion of the parish and was -dedicated under the patronage of St. James the Apostle. In 1873. Father Schutjes was called to Detroit to assist the Bishop, and Rev. Thomas Rafter became his successor in May of that year.

Up to 1868, no service for the Catholics was held in any church except in the old St. Joseph's Church which was situated on Washington street below Second. In 1868 the St. James' Church which occupied the site of the present edifice, was dedicated for the English-speaking Catholics living on both sides of the river. In 1873, St. Mary's congregation was formed and a church built, which was attended by all the Catholics of the West Side. In 1874 the Germans and Poles began the building of churches for themselves, which were completed in 1875. In 1884 the Hollanders of Essexville and the surrounding country, as well as the French of the same territory, erected a church for themselves. The German church is located on Lincoln avenue, and this congregation is now building a splendid convent known as the Holy Rosary, one of the finest brick buildings in Bay City. There are now eight churches in Bay City and West Bay City, all with large congregations.

The St. James' Parochial School was begun by Father Schutjes and completed by Father Rafter, and was then taken in charge of by the Sisters of Charity, from Cincinnati, in September. 1873. It has 12 grades and is attended by nearly 500 pupils. The old St. James' Church was a frame building and was replaced by a brick edifice, the corner-stone of Avhich was laid in June, 1885. It was dedi- -cated by its pastor on Christmas Day of 1886, and opened for services. It has a seating capacity of 1,400. The beautiful brick residece adjoining the church on the east was erected in 1902, and in June of the following year Father Rafter took up his residence there. Under his direction, five societies were organized in connection with the church work, namely : The Catholic Mutual Benefit Association, Altar Society, Young Ladies' Society, Children of Mary and St. Vincent de Paul Society. The English-speaking Catholics of Bay City are e.xceedingly fortunate in that they have had but two pastors, both of high character and scholarly attainments, during the 52 years existence of the church here.

ILLIA}.! ELISHA CROSBY CALLEXDER. one of Bay City's prominent, influential and esteemed citizens, was born at Fayette, Ohio, November 1 1, 1836, and is a son of James and Catherine (Maxwell) Callender.

The Callender family is of Scotch extraction; both William and Polly Callender, our subject's grandparents, were natives of the Highlands of Scotland. The grandfather came to America when a lad of 13 years and located first in Fayette County, Ohio, and in 1836 settled in Williams County, Ohio, taking up 1.380 acres of land after he had grown to manhood. He served in the War of 1812 and lived until 1 85 1, being then more than 60 years old.

James Callender, the father of our subject, was born November 10, 1813, in Fayette County, Ohio, but he subsequently moved to \\'illiams County, where he owned a large farm. , Like his father, he was a loyal American citizen and enlisted for service in the Mexican War. He was a great admirer of General Jackson and was an ardent supporter of the principles of the old-time Democratic party.

His marriage with Catherine Maxwell, a daughter of Ephraim and Catherine (ISIoore) Maxwell, resulted in the establishing of a happy home and the birth of a family of nine children, seven of whom reached maturity, namely : William E. C, of this sketch; Isabella, a resident of Newaygo County, Michigan, who first married Jeremiah Greene and is now the widow of Mr. Duffy; Angeline, a resident of Defiance, Ohio, who is the widow of Samuel Jones ; James, a resident of Newaygo County, ]Michigan ; John, who lives in Defiance County, Ohio ; Rachel, who is the wife of Peter Camp, of De- Kalb County, Indiana ; and George, a resident of Edgerton, Ohio. The parents of this family were worthy members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

The boyhood and early youth of our subject were passed in a secluded part of Williams County, where he had absolutely no educational advantages, and was 21 years of age before he left home to seek opportunities in some other section. After living for a time in Summit County, Ohio, and making rapid progress in an educational way, he decided to study law, and with this end in view he entered the law department of Hudson Seminary, at Hudson, Ohio, in January. 1861. The breaking out of the Civil \\'ar, a few months later, changed the course of his life, in that it interrupted his education and entirely changed his point of view.

Mr. Callender enlisted in April, 1861, for a three-months service, under the name of William C. Callender, as a relative, William E. Callender, was already in the service. Since the war, howe\er, he has written his name "William E." After the expiration of his first term, he reenlisted. entering Company B, Sixth Regt., United States Cavalry, in which he continued until 1863. when he was transferred to the Ninth Ohio Battery. During his long term of service, which closed July 6, 1865, he won the esteem of both officers and comrades for all those qualities which go to make up a good soldier, and, when taken prisoner, he was a party to one of the most thrilling escapes that the long history of old Libby Prison has contributed to history. A natural mechanic, he had not endured much of his three weeks' imprisonment, before he had formulated a plan for escape, which proved practical, and was one of that famous number of captives who so wonderfully dug their way in the direction of freedom, although he. as '-'Jim Haggerty," with Major Anderson and one other fortunate prisoner, were the only ones who succeeded in getting away.

After his return from the war and recuperation from its many hardships. Mr. Callender turned his attention to learning a trade, having as stated, a natural inclination toward mechanics. He became a good carpenter and very soon was able to command a journeyman's wages, although he had never served an apprenticeship. He worked on at Edgerton, Ohio, in this line until 1867, when he accepted a railroad position and until 1869 was a freight brakeman and later a conductor on the Michigan Central Railroad. This brought him into touch with Bay City, where in the latter year he saw a fair opening for work at his trade. The climate, however, proved too bracing for ^Irs. Callender and they returned to Ohio. In 1870 he came back to Bay City and resumed carpenter work, for other parties, in which he continued until 1873, when he went into business for himself. He carried on a very satisfactory business for some years and then failing health warned him to give up so active a life. During his years of business success, he had made a specialty of millwright work and, outside of other work, he built in the Saginaw Valley 152 drill-houses, some 10 salt-blocks and a number of mills. His skill and workmanship were highly valued and the results of his industry in this line may be seen in Bay and the adjoining counties.

In 1867, Mr. Callender was united in marriage with Martha Prentice, who is a daughter of John Prentice, a representative citizen of Williams County, Ohio, who had come originally from the neighborhood of Syracuse, New York. Three children were born to them, the two who reached maturity being : Emma, now deceased, who married Charles Nicholas and had three children, - Pearl, Ada and Roy ; and Russell, a resident of Bay City, who married Pearl Guly, and they have two children, - Theodore and Helen.

Politically, Mr. Callender has long been a power in Bay City. He is a Republican of the stamp known as "dyed in the wool," and he has been chairman of the ward committee of the Sixth Ward for the past 24 years. When he entered into this connection, the ward was largely Democratic, but it is now just as notably Republican, and general credit is given our subject for this marked change in opinion. For a number of years past he has been a city magistrate and has been called upon to officiate in many very complicated and important cases. When his name for the position of justice of the peace was first advanced, it was in a convention from which he was absent on account of illness. He happened into the convention hall just as his candidacy was announced. It was an unpleasant surprise to him as he knew the ward was of an opposite political complexion, and it was with some difficulty that his friends prevailed upon him to permit his name to be used. Just here is where his personal popularity came in, for, as he genially remarks, "with the expenditure of just five cents" he was elected to the honorable office by a majority of 348 votes. To this office he has been twice reelected. He has served the people justly and well. On account of his excellent judgment and unswerving impartiality, he has. won the approval of his fellow citizens of both parties. Few of his decisions have ever been reversed. His record is one in which to take a just amount of priile, and he appreciates the confidence and esteem in which he is universally held.

For many years Mr. Callender has been a believer of Presbyterian doctrines, but is not a member of that church. His wife belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church. His fraternal connections include the U. S. Grant Post, No. 67, G. A. R., and Union Veteran Legion, and also the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He is in active membership with Bay City Lodge, No. 129, F. & A. M. For the past 25 years has been a member of Eden Lodge, No. 260, I. O. O. F., and for 15 years has belonged to the Grand Lodge. In these various bodies he is known all over the State.

LBERT ZUBE, the owner of a wellimproved and valuable farm of 80 acres situated in section 4, township 13, range 6, in Portsmouth township. Bay County, Michigan, was born in Stettin, Germany, May 9, 1855, and is a son of John and Matilda (Erke) Zube.

The father of Mr. Zube was also born in Stettin and now resides in Bay City, aged ~t, years. The mother was a native of Prussia and died at Bay City, in 1884, at the age of 45 years. They had 13 children, our subject being the eldest, and nine of the family still survive.

At the age of 13 years he left school and went to work and was employed for nine years in the sawmill of Gates & Fay, of Bay City, and for 10 years was employed in the foundry of Smalley Brothers. In 1S82, Mr. Zube came to to his present farm of 80 acres, in section 4, Portsmouth township, all of which property at that time was heavily timbered. Since then he has cleared off all but 20 acres and has all the cleared portion under a fine state of cultivation. In addition to conducting general farming operations, he runs a feed-mill and a threshingmachine, a corn-husker and wood-sawing machine, being one of the progressive men of his locality. He believes in modern methods and improved machinery and has the ability to carry on these various employments in connection with his agricultural work, making his life a busy one all through the year.

In 1876, Mr. Zube was married to Alvina Martzinkey, who was born in Prussia, Germany. December 8, 1858, and is a daughter of Christian and Reika (Martzinkey) Martzinkey. She came to America in 1872 wilh her father and brother. Mr. and Mrs. Zube have had 12 children: Fred, who died aged three months ; Tracey, who died aged eight years ; Bernhardt, who died aged six years ; Edelia, who died aged five weeks; and Mary, Martha, Laura, Arena, Emma, William, Freda and Lily, who are at home. Mr. Zube has given his children all the advantages in his power and they have grown up intelligent and useful.

Mr. Zube has always been a Republican in his political convictions and has held a number of the local offices. He is a leading member of the German Lutheran Church and one of the trustees of the Triple Alliance Church. He is a man who enjoys a large measure of respect in his neighborhood and has a wide circle of warm personal friends, who admire him for his honesty and his many fine qualities.

ENRY CLARK, one of the prosperous farmers of Merritt township. Bay County, Michigan, owning a welldeveloped farm of 80 acres, in section 34, was born in Frontenac County, near Kingston, Ontario, Canada, July 22, 1855, and is a son of John and Katie (Hogan) Clark.

The father of our subject was born in Vermont and the mother in Ontario. They spent their last years at Bay City, where the father died aged 80 years and the mother, aged 72 years. They had nine children : James, a physician, of Bay City; Mary (Mrs. Sleeth), who died in Ontario ; Jane, a teacher, who died at Bay City ; Clara, of Bay City ; John ^^'esley, an attorney-at-law, living in Virginia; Henry, of this sketch; Katie (Mrs. Smith), of Chicago; Bethuel, a farmer living in Ontario; Olive (Mrs. Balls), of Ontario, and one deceased.

Henry Clark was reared on his father's farm and was educated in the local schools. He carried on farming in Ontario until about 1888, when he came to Bay County. After spending one year at Bay City, he purchased his present farm of 80 acres, one-half of which had been cleared. The remainder has been cleared and all has been put under a fine state of cultivation. Mr. Clark has taken a great deal of interest in his property and has made it very attractive by improving and adorning it. He enjoys the comforts of a fine home and his surroundings are such as to indicate thrift and good management.

In July, 1S95, I\Ir. Clark was married to Katie Whiteside, who was born September 15, 1873, in Merritt township, and is a flaughter of Robert and Lovina (Maxson) Whiteside, the former of whom was born in Ireland and the latter in New York. They were early pioneers, coming to the site of Bay City in 1848. Mr. Whiteside passed away at the age of 73 years, liut his widow still survives, a much esteemed resident of West Bay City. ^Ir. and Mrs. Clark have two children, - Henry and Fay. Mr. Clark is a supporter of the principles and candidates of the Republican party. He and his wife attend and take an active interest in the Presbyterian Church at Munger.

UGUST BUBLITZ, one of the firstclass citizens and good farmers of Portsmouth township, who owns 1 60 acres of well-improved land in section 5, township 13, range 6, was born May 30, 1849, i'"' Moravia, West Prussia, Germany, and is a son of Charles and Louisa (Redmond) Bublitz.

The parents of Mr. Bublitz were worthy, industrious Germans, who reared a family of six children in comfort on the home estate, which consisted of about 100 acres of land. Both died in Germany. Their three sons and three daughters were as follows : August, who is the eldest ; Charles, of Merritt township ; Louisa (Mrs. Schenck), of Alerritt township: and Augusta, Frederick and Caroline, who live in Germany.

August Bublitz came to .\merica in 1872, locating at Bay City where he worked as a laborer for atout eight years. He then bought the tract of wild land which he has transformed into a valuable, producti\'e farm. All these cultivated fields were then co\'ered with a heavy growth of timber, which was speedily cleared ofif through Air. Bublitz' own energy and industry. He has made many improvements, the family home being a very comfortalile residence and three substantial barns testifying to the bountiful harvests yielded by his land. The changes made here are wonderful and reflect the greatest credit upon Air. Bublitz.

In 1878, Mr. Bublitz married Anna Behmlenter, who was born in 1859 in Bay County, and is a daughter of Paul and Kate (Siegler) Behmlenter. natives of Germany. When the parents of Mrs. Bublitz came to Bay City there were only three houses here. They located on the West Side and there reared a family of 11 children, the wife of our subject being the sixth in order of birth.

Mr. and Mrs. Bublitz have had 10 children, as follows : Charles, now in the State of Washington ; \\'illiam, engaged in the lumber business, who lives at home; Frederick, of Decatur, Illinois; and Clara, Albert, Hugo, Henry, Edward, John and Louis, who are living at home. The family belong to the German Lutheran Church. Mr. Bublitz never received any portion of the family estate in Germany, and he is entitled to much praise for what he has accomplished by his own efforts. He is one of the well-known and highly respected men of Portsmouth township.

ILLIAAI AI. ROSS, deceased, who was for many years a wholesale lumber dealer in Bay City, Michigan, was born in Rosshire, Scotland, January 10, 1838. and was a son of Duncan and Katherine (McPherson) Ross.

Duncan Ross was a hotel-keeper and a farmer and stock-raiser in Rosshire for a long period. He emigrated to Chatham, Ontario, with his family, and was there engaged in farming until his death.

The subject of this sketch grew up in Canada, whence at an early age he went to Virginia, where he was employed for a short time in a shipyard. He subsequently moved to Detroit, Michigan, and there worked as a ship carpenter. Xext he located at Bay City, where he was engaged in the real estate business for several years. In 1872 he moved to Caseville, he resided four years and built a sawmill. He moved th.e sawmill, in 1876, to Bay City and sold it in order to engage in the wholesale lumber trade. In his business relations, as in the walks of private life, he bore an irreproachable reputation and was widely respected.

In 1868, Mr. Ross married Abbie Case, a daughter of Osborne Case, of Cleveland, Ohio. Four children were the result of this union, of whom John Case Ross, of Bay City, is the only one now living.

On. Alexander Zagelmeyer

a prominent citizen of Bay City, ^Michigan, is at present county treasurer of Bay County. He was born in Saginaw, jMichigan, October 28, 1858, and is a son of Louis and Paulina (Grahlow) Zagelmeyer, natives of Germany.

Louis Zagelmeyer, who was born in Germany. January 31, 1825, was for many years engaged in the lime business. He came to America in 1850 and settled in Saginaw, Michigan, in 1852, having spent two years in New York City. On arriving at Saginaw, he was employed as clerk in a store, where he remained a year and a half. He then engaged in the manufacture of vinegar, and subsequently cleared a farm. In 1866 he located at West Bay City and opened a lime kiln, and in 1875 organized the Marine Ice Company, which afterward passed into the hands of his sons. He was treasurer of the town of Bangor the year previous to its being merged into the corporation of West Bay City. During his last

Alexander Zagelmeyer received his early mental training in the public schools of West Bay City, and when a young man learned from his father all about the lime business. In this he was associated with his father until 1879, and during the last three years of the partnership the large ice concern before mentioned was organized. Of this he took charge, in connection with his brother Frank. In the spring of 1887, the Bay County Ice Company was incorporated, being a merger of the ]\Iarine Ice Company, the Bay City Ice Company and the Union Ice Company, and our subject as secretary and treasurer of the company proceeded to revolutionize the methods of operation then in vogue. It is the only concern dealing in lake ice in the Saginaw Valley, and has the largest ice plant in the State, having a capacity of 40,000 tons. Its product is in demand both winter and summer, and is shipped extensively to points in ^Michigan, Indiana and Ohio. The Bay County Ice Company has its office, ice depot and barn at tlie foot of Center avenue, Bay City.

Alexander Zagelmeyer has been truly termed the father of the coal industry in Bay County. What the development of coal fields means to a community has been demonstrated in Bay City in recent years. Not only is the coal industry of great \-alue by reason of the employinent it gives to hundreds of men and the cheap fuel furnished the citizens, but also as an inducement to factories to locate in the vicinity and benefit by the decreased cost of production. Bay City for many years was dependent upon her forests for fuel and the sawmills were the basis of her prosperity, but as the pine in this section grew more scarce, it became apparent that the city would experience a set-back unless fuel could be procured more cheaply than by transportation from Ohio and Pennsylvania coal fields. As early as 1861 a vein of coal was discovered in the county while drilling a salt-well, and frequently afterward various parties discovered veins, but owing to the plentiful supply of pine nothing in the way of mining was undertaken. It remained for Mr. Zagelmeyer, in August, 1894, to set in motion the wheels of what to-day is the most important of Bay County's industries. At his suggestion, four prominent citizens accompanied him to the sawmill of Zill Brothers. five miles west of West Bay City, in Monitor township, where coal had been discovered in drilling a well. These gentlemen secured a lease, although others had failed in an attempt at leasing the property, and a company was organized for the purpose of testing the land. On June 18, 1895, they commenced sinking a shaft which was completed in October and has been in active operation ever since. They had many obstacles with which to contend, as operations were begun at a time of panic and it was hard to interest capital. In fact public prejudice was so great that the operators often met with ridicule and sometimes persecution. With greater hindrance than encouragement from the public, they persevered and had the satisfaction of seeing their efforts crowned with success. In the spring of 1895, the Monitor Coal Company was incorporated with a capital stock of $50,000 and the following officers : Alexander Zagelmeyer, president ; George Penniman, vice-president ; E. L. Mather, secretary ; Frank Zagelmeyer. treasurer. These officers with Christ. Heinzmann form the board of directors. The C(_impany has a daily capacity of 300 tons, and is about to sink another shaft in the immediate vicinity. Thus was the Monitor coal mine started as the first in Bay County. In a review of the development of the coal fields of ^Michigan, a prominent writer has this to say of our subject: "I wish to say in this connection that the people of Bay County owe Alexander Zagelmeyer a debt of gratitude that it is difficult to repay. He not only started the coal development, but it was also through his personal efforts that the North American Chemical Company decided to locate their American plant in Bay City."

The Bay Coal Mining Company, of which Mr. Zagelmeyer is secretary, and general manager, was organized March 16, 1896, with a capital of $50,000, and is now controlled by the North American Chemical Company. The mine is located across the road from the Monitor mine, on a branch of the Michigan Central Railroad, and has a producing capacity of 400 tons per day. The subject of this sketch is also president of the Zagelmeyer Coal Mining Company, with mines in Jackson County, Ohio.

Mr. Zagelmeyer was also instrumental in organizing the Michigan Vitrified Brick Company, which was incorporated April 15, 1904, with a capital stock of $75,000. The officers of the organization were : Alexander Zagelmeyer, president ; Frank Zagelmeyer, vice-president : E. L. Mather, secretary ; and C. W. Stiver, treasurer. In 1905 C. W. Stiver resigned as treasurer, and E. L. Mather assumed the duties of the offices of secretary and treasurer. This has been the only change in the personnel of the company. Immediately after the company was organized, it purchased the property known as the Dutch Creek cnal mine, located atout four miles southwest of Bay City, on the west side of the river, in Frankenlust township. The Pierce Dry Pressed Brick Company was also acquired at this time. The company then constructed a plant for the manufacture of vitrified paving brick, the only one of its kind in the county. It has a capacity of from 50,000 to 70,000 brick a day, and can also produce daily, in addition, 25,000 dry pressed building brick. In 1905, Mr. Mather became treasurer of the company, and in addition holds the office of secretary. The company mines its own fire clay and sha5e, also the coal to burn clay, all from the same mine. About 50 men are employed.

Politically, Mr. Zagelmeyer has always teen loyal to the Republican party and has served as delegate to its State and county conventions. In public life, he has served as alderman of West Bay City and was one of the five commissioners that built the present waterworks plant of West Bay City on the bay shore, which cost upwards of $200,000. For three years he was supervisor of the Fifth Ward, and was comptroller of West Bay City two years. He was elected to the State Legislature in 1888, and served during 1889 and 1890, being a member of the committee on fisheries and others of minor importance. He is one of the directors of the Board of Trade of Bay City, and is interested in the German-American Sugar Company, of which he was tlie first president. He was elected to his present office of county treasurer by the largest vote ever polled for this office, - an indication of the popular estimation of his merits.

On April 3, 1881, Alexander Zagelmeyer was married in West Bay City to Emma Brenner, of Saginaw, Michigan. Four children resulted from their union, namely : Alma, wife of Charles F. Kuhlow, deputy county treasurer ; Eddie, Leona and Dorothy. The family residence is an elegant home located on the corner of Ninth and Henry streets. West Bay City. Fraternally, our subject is a member of the Salzl)urg Arbeiter Society; the Arion Society of Bay City ; is a 32nd degree Mason, a Knight Templar, a member of Moslem Temple of the Mystic Shrine in Detroit; the Royal Arcanum; the Knights of Pythias; and the Elks of Bay Citv.

is prominently identified with the lumber industry, in which he has long been largely interested, having entered upon the manufacture of lumber in this vicinity in 1882.

Mr. Woodworth is a native of New York, where he was born on a farm in Seneca County in 1 861. His father was a soldier during the Civil War, in which he served in the 44th Regiment, New York Vol. Inf., and was killed in the battle of the Wilderness. His mother still lives in the State of New York. There the son, deprived of a father's guidance in his infancy, grew up to boyhood, attending school, and at intervals making himself useful in various ways until he was 15 years old. At that period he left home to join an uncle, D. C. Smiley, a prominent business man of Bay City for many years. Arriving here in 1876, he became a member of Mr. Smiley's household and attended school for several years, completing his educational training in the Bay City High School.

The first practical experience of Mr. Woodworth was as an employee of the Second National Bank of Bay City, where he served in a clerical capacity for about four years. After leaving tlie b;ink, he went into the sawmill and lumber business. This venture later developed into the firm of F. T. Woodworth & Company, under which style the affairs of tlie concern arc still conducted. In 1902 the manuafcturing feature of the business was abandoned, the mills having been disposed of, and the firm now deals in lumber, etc.

Although not an aggressive politician, ]Mr. Woodworth is a stanch Republican and enjoys the full confidence of the local leaders of his party. His administration of municipal affairs is conceded by all to be honest and judicious.

The subject of this sketch is happily married and in the home circle of his comfortable residence in Bay City the family's friends find agreeable entertainment. His portrait accompanies this sketch.

1LLIA:\I J. WARD. One of the most noticeable farms of Merritt township. Bay County, Michigan, because of its many excellent improvements, is the extensive estate owned by J. Ward, consisting of 200 acres of finely cultivated land, in sections 31 and 32. The 40-acre tract in section 32, where Mr. W'ard resides, is improved with fine buildings and most attractive surroundings that testify to the good taste of the residents. Mr. Ward was born at Collingwood, Ontario, Canada. January 17, 1858, and is a son of James S. and Ann (Ritchie) Ward.

James S. Ward was born in Durham, England, December 26, 18 18, and died at Munger, Michigan, June 30, 1901, aged 82 years. He emigrated from England to Ontario, with his wife and two children, in 1855, and two children were born in Ontario and one after he had removed to Bav Citv. Earlv in manhood he had worked as a blacksmith and as a farmer and for a number of years he had been a clerk in a postoffice in England. In i860 he removed with his family to Bay County, Michigan, and in 1862 he took up title from the government to 40 acres of the present farm of our subject.

The mother of our subject was born November 27, 1820. in ^Montrose, Scotland, and has survived many of her kindred and old associates. It is difficult to think that this intelligent, active lady has really passed her 84th milestone. She has had many interesting experiences in life and her remarkable memory makes their recital very interesting. She was in Paris during the revolution of 1848 which dethroned Louis Philippe, and witnessed the burning of the palace and as mementoes has some bits of cloth from the king's furniture. Mrs. Ward not only was a careful mother of five children, but was also a capable housekeeper and carried on the first dressmaking establishment in Bay City. She was the envied owner of one of the first three sewing machines ever brought to the place. It is still kept by our subject and is an interesting object. It is a "Singer" and its last patented improvements bear the date of May 30, 1854. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Ward were : James R., editor of the Green County Record, of Greensburg, Kentucky; Mary Ann (Histed), deceased; Robert W., editor of the Roscommon A'czcs, of Roscommon, Michigan: Louisa L. (Blodgett), of Munger, with whom the \'enerable mother resides; and William J., of this sketch.

^Villiam J. Ward devotes his large acreageto grain, hay and stock and is an extensive farmer in all these lines. He has made the fine improvements here, which, as mentioned, make this one of the attractive homes of the township. In 1900 he had the misfortune to havebis fine barn, 40 by 60 feet in dimensions, and large cattle sheds destroved bv fire, occasioned' by a stroke of lightning, with a total loss of $3,000. What made the loss total was that the Cooperative Insurance Company, which carried his risks, failed just at this inopportune time. In 1902 he completed his present great barn, which is 40 by 90 feet in dimensions with 20- foot posts, - one of the most substantial structures in the locality.

^Ir. Ward was married December 27. 1887, to i\Iargaret Hodgson, who was born at Fort St. Henry, Canada, 50 miles below Montreal, June I, i860, and is a daughter of John and ]Mary (Ray) Hodgson. She came to Bay County in 1884. j\lr. and Mrs. Ward have four children living, namely: Joseph H., Anna Bell, Marion Grace and Helen Beatrice. The first son and eldest child, James Ray, died aged two years.

Politically. ]Mr. Ward affiliates wiUi the Republican party. He is one of the township's leading men and at present is filling the office of school treasurer, and for many years has aided in directing public-spirited movements here and in lending his influence to every movement calculated to benefit his section. Personally he is a man of business integrity and is held in great esteem by those who ha\-e known him all his life.

l!)SIAH LITTLE A^IBROSE, U. D., who has a substantial medical practice in Bay City, and holds the office of county physician, was born in Lee County, Illinois, September 16, 1857. He is a son of George H. and Elizabeth ]\I. T. (Little) Ambrose, pioneer settlers at Amboy, Lee County, when that district was a wilderness. The father died in 1884, and the mother passed away at the home of her son, Josiali, in 1904. They were the parents of five children, namely :

Mary, of Chicago, Illinois, deceased ; George, of Bay City, ex-city comptroller, deceased; Charles, of Bay City; Mrs. Walter D. Young, of Bay City ; and Josiah Little.

The sul)ject of this article received his primary mental instruction at Evanston, Illinois, and graduated from the University of Michigan in the class of 1880, with the degree of Ph. B. He afterwards entered Rush Medical College, in Chicago, from which he graduated in the class of 1883, with the degree of M. D. While in Chicago, he took a special course of study in eye, ear, nose and throat diseases.

In 1883, Dr. Ambrose located in Bay City, where he has practiced continuously ever since. Soon after his arrival^ the old Bay County Medical Society was reorganized, Dr. Ambrose being one of eight young physicians who were instrumental in reviving it. They formed what was known as a "Quiz & Quest Club," which resulted in the reorganization of the medical society. The subject of this sketch has always taken an active part in the affairs of this body, as well as in those of the Michigan State Medical Society.

Aside from his extended practice. Dr. Ambrose has been closely identified with the improvement of the city, having erected about 20 houses here, and Ambrose street in the First Ward is named in his honor. He is the medical examiner for nearly all the old-line insurance companies, and for all the fraternal orders except the A. O. U. W. He has served as county physician for eight consecutive terms.

The entrance to the office of Dr. Ambrose is a picture gallery, representing almost every play on the American stage. His main office is filled with a collection of pictures, calendars, portraits of actors and reproductions from some of our great artists. The Doctor has saved many cuts from the Chicago papers, and takesdelight in ornamenting his rooms with every nice picture that he can procure. Advertisements of all kinds are to be found hung on the walls. This seems to be the Doctor's hobb}'. Another peculiarity is that he always wears a silk hat, which he utilizes to carry memoranda of his daily work, keeping a regular diary.

Dr. Ambrose was married to Grace S. Wilkins, a native of Bay City and a graduate of the Bay City High School. She is a daughter of John H. Wilkins, a native of Philadelphia, who came to Bay City about 1870 and served as mayor of Bay City two terms and is now serving as chief city assessor. He formerly engaged in the abstract and real estate business, but finally disposed of those interests. The Doctor and his wife have one son, Charles Wilkins Ambrose, who is a student in the engineering department of the University of Michigan, in the second year of the course.

Dr. Ambrose is a member of the Masonic order, Modern W^oodmen of America, Royal Arcanum, Maccabees, Royal Archers, Royal Neighbors, Foresters and several other fraternal organizations-

HARLES HORN, one of the wellknown farmers of Williams township. Bay County, Michigan, who owns a fine farm of 50 acres in section 15, was born July 6, 1848, in Prussia, and accompanied his brother William to America in 1853, when Ijtit five years old. The family came in sections : The father came first ; when he had earned enough to meet the expenses of the journey, the mother and infant daughter later William and Charles made the trip and finally Augustus, Hiram and Louise joined the family in the New World.

but in 1863 they removed to St. Clair County, Michigan, where they again purchased farming land and still later they removed to Bay County. Here the mother died in the fall of 1885, in her 70th year, and the father in 1889, aged 80 years. They were industrious, worthy people, who were respected and esteemed by their neighbors. They had 11 children, five of whom survived them and four of whom are still living, viz : Augustus ; Charles ; Rosa, wife of Nelson Houston, of St. Clair, Michigan ; and John.

Our subject obtained his education in Canada and remained with his father on the St. Clair County farm until 1865, when he came to Bay County. He was employed in the mills of Bay City until 1873, '^"d ^^h^"'' purchased the 40-acre farm on which he resides. It formerly belonged to his older brother, Augustus, who had built a log house and had cleared up some four acres of the timber. Mr. Horn completed the clearing and made many improvements which have resulted in the development of a first-class farm. He now has 50 acres in one body.

In 1875, Mr. Horn was married to Elizabeth Moore, who is a daughter of Joseph and Eleanor (Adkin) Moore, who were born and married in England. When they came to America, these three children then composed their family : Catherine, who died in New York; James, who died in New York; and Sarah M.. who is the wife of Charles Vliet, of Oakland County. They spent two years in New York, during which time ]\Irs. Horn was born; but as two of the children died there, Mr. Moore decided to remove to a different climate, and accordingly located at Clarkson, Oakland County, Michigan, where seven more children were born. Later, Mr. and Mrs. Moore engaged in farming in Bay County. Mr. Moore, now in his 90th year, resides with Mr. and ]\Irs. Horn, but Mrs. Moore died in September,

Mr. and j\Irs. Horn have nine children : Grace, who married Layton Keeler and resides in Houghton County, Michigan ; Eleanor, who married Adolph Kiehn; Earl, a school teacher at Bentley, who married Effie Kendall, of Ohio ; Gladys, wdio is a stenographer in an abstract office in Bay City ; Hattie, who is fitting herself for the position of teacher ; Rosa, who is attending school in Bay City ; and Bernice, Georgiana and Effie, who are at home. This is a family of more than usual intelligence and ability.

Mr. Horn belongs to neither of the old political parties, being in entire sympathy with the Prohibitionists. His influence is always given in the direction of temperance and morality. He is one of the leading members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Auburn, and a man who is thoroughly respected by all who know him.

SCAR \\'. BAKER, a well-known attorney-at-law, of Bay City, Michigan, with well-appointed offices conveniently located in the Shearer Brothers' Block, was born in this city on August 30, 1879, and is a son of James H. and Mary Frances (Edwards) Baker.

James H. Baker and wife still reside in Bay City, having come here in 1868. Mr. Baker has always been a prominent factor in politics and has served as deputy sheriff and in a number of minor city offices and is wellknown in the city and throughout the county. His two sons are Oscar W., of this sketch, and James H., a business man of Chicago, Illinois. Oscar W. Baker attended school in Bay City, was graduated from the High Scliool in 1898 and then took a commercial course in the Bay City Business College. During the legislative session of 1899- 1900 he was employed by Lieutenant-Governor Robinson. Following this he spent three years at the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, where he was graduated in June, 1902, and was admitted to the bar by diploma. Every dollar spent in acquiring thiseducation had been earned by his own hands. Later he was admitted to practice in the United States District Court and has since practiced at Bay City, in association with Lee E. Joslyn. He has taken part in a numl^er of important cases and has shown marked ability and thorough comprehension of the technicalities of law and jurisprudence.

Mr. Baker is very loyal to the University of Michigan and is an active member of the Alumni organization, known as the Bay City Alumnus Association of the University of Michigan, and belongs also to the Pro and Con Debating Society. He has many pleasant sociat ties in the city and possesses a personality which wins many friends. He was reared in the Baptist Church.

Mr. Baker recently was the successful litigant in a suit brought by him in the Circuit Court of Bay County against the Pere Marquette Railroad Company, securing a judgment of upwards of $5,000. The case was a peculiar one and practically without parallel, and attracted wide attention. It had its beginning in a suit brought by his father, James H. Baker, as next friend, because of the minority of our subject, against the Flint & Pere Marquette Railroad Company to recover about $6,000 damages for the loss of a limb by our subject in 1887, at the i ith street crossing in Bay City. The jury verdict in the original case in the Circuit Court was appealed and judgment was later affirmed in the Supreme Court. Later, suit was brought against the Pere Marquette Railroad Company by our subject, who claimed that he never received any part of the mone>- secured on the original verdict, one-half having gone to attorneys for plaintiff as the fee agreed upon in the case, and the other half having gone to the plaintiff's father, without legal authority, for the reason that the latter had never been made a legal guardian of his son and therefore \vas not entitled to funds paid into his hands. This latter suit was intended to recover onehalf of the total amount. Our subject was ably represented by Lee E. Joslyn.

EMAX HORTOX. justice of the peace at ]\Iunger, is probably as prominent a man and as highly esteemed a citizen as may be numbered among the residents of Merritt township, Bay County, Michigan, where he owns a fine farm of 80 acres in section 29. He has devoted his energies to the township's advancement since he became a resident in 1894. Mr. Horton was "born in Oakland County, Michigan, September 16, 1848, and is a son of Joseph and Almira (Marks) Horton.

The father of !\Ir. Horton was born in 1808, at Lebanon, New York, and removed to Oakland County, Michigan, in 1835, accompanied by his wife and two children. He died on his farm, which he had cleared from the wilderness, at the age of 66 years. He was an intelligent, honorable and upright man, lived an exemplary life and left a fine property to his children, as well as an honorable name. He was a leading elder in the Methodist Episcopal Church. The mother of our subject came also from an old settled New York family ; she was born in that State in 1810, and died in Michigan at the age of 66 years. They had eight children: Jane Elizabeth, wife of Dr. N. L. Higbie, of Elsie, Michigan ; Sarah Ann, widow Benjamin Sage, of Ypsilanti, Michigan;

Hix, who died aged 40 years ; Mariette, wife of William T. Daines, of Farmington, Michigan; Jacob, a minister in the ]\Iethodist Episcopal Church, who is now settled at Ypsilanti, Michigan ; Caleb Wesley, who died aged 60 years ; Harriet T., widow of Rev. J. A. Mcllwain, of Romeo, Michigan; and Heman, of this sketch.

Heman Horton remained on the home farm in Oakland County until he was 25 years of age and continued to attend school until he was 20 years old, enjoying first the advantages offered by the common schools and later by the Oakland Institute at Farmington. He continued to farm during the summers and teach school during the winters for a number of years before he moved to Montcalm County, where he continued the same mode of life for about 14 years. Then he settled down to farming near Troy, Oakland County, for five years, changing then to city life and engaging in a real estate business at Detroit for two years. Country life, however, pleased him best and in 1894 he came to his present farm in Merritt township. Here he carries on a general line of farming and operates a large dairy business, having a great herd of registered Jersey cattle. In the past he also handled draft horses.

In 1 87 1, ^Ir. Horton was united in marriage with Susan A. Andrews, who was born at West Bloomfield, Oakland County, Michigan, October 4, 1848. and is a daughter of Samuel and Susan (Collier) Andrews. Mr. Andrews was born in Connecticut and his wife in Massachusetts. They came to Oakland County in 1833. The father died at the age of 90 years and six months on the farm he had taken up from the government and cleared, and the mother died there aged 69 years. Mrs. Horton is the youngest of their eight children, the record being as follows : Elizabeth ( Mrs. Rhodes), of Allegan County, Michigan; Jane, widow of E. B. Frost, of Frankfort, Michigan;

George W., who died in Oakland County at the age of 33 years; Nathaniel, who died aged 60 3'ears ; Samuel F., of Grand Rapids, Michigan; Theodore H., of Minnesota ; Charles, of Oakland County; and Susan A. (Mrs. Horton). Se\-en children have been born to our subject and wife, namely: Helen E., wife of Robert E. Forbush, of Oakland County; Arthur S., of Tacoma, Washington; K. Charles, who lives at home; Mark Andrews; Clara M., wife of E. P. Tennant, of Merritt township ; and Harry and Belva A., who live at home. The family belong to the Presbyterian Church at Munger, Mr. Horton being one of the trustees.

Mr. Horton has taken a prominent part in township aiifairs since settling here and has been active in political life. He has been chairman of the Republican Township Committee and is a justice of the peace at present. His acquaintance is wide and both in public and private life he is universally respected. He is justly regarded as one of the representative men of his section of Bay County.

OHN CHATFIELD KERN, one of leaders in the great lumber interests of the Saginaw Valley, is president of the Kern Manufacturing Company, of West Bay City, Michigan, and a citizen of much prominence here. Mr. Kern was born at O.xford, Oakland County, Michigan, November 30, 1853, and is a son of Rev. Joseph and Bethany Stewart (Woodhull) Kern.

Rev. Joseph Gardner Kern was a pioneer in Oakland County, Michigan. He was born at Belvidere, New Jersey, June 20, 1821, and died at Morris, Michigan, August 9, 1901. He came to Michigan in early manhood, a machinist by trade, and for some years after his marriage, in Oxford, Oakland County, he operated a foundry and machine shop. While living at Oxford his mind became impressed with the truths of religion to such a degree, that he entered the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal Church, becoming a member of the Detroit Conference. He was an earnest Christian man and continued in the ministry until his health failed, in 1868, when he located on a farm near Perry, Michigan. Some years prior to his death, he removed to ISIorris and there his life closed, at the age of 80 years. On November 17, 1849, he was married to Bethany Stewart W^oodhull, who was torn in Oakland County, Michigan, November 14, 1 83 1, and was a daughter of John C. H. and Rachel (Bird) Woodhull, old pioneers of that section. Mrs. Kern died at Perry, Michigan, November 16, 1869. She was a member of one of the oldest American families, of English descent. Its records reach back one thousand years. The founder of the family in America was Richard Woodhull, who was born in England in 1620. Our subject is in the ninth generation from this ancestor. The two children of Mr. and Mrs. Kern both survive : John Chatfield, our subject; and a sister, Sarah Elizabeth, who is the wife of Richard Place, of Lansing, Michigan.

Our subject's early years were spent in various localities in Michigan, as his father's different charges were filled. \\'hen three years of age, removal was made to Columbus, thence to Lake Port City, Perry and Williamson. Subsequently the father settled on his farm near Perry and there the son remained until he was 19 years of age. After his education was completed in the Corunna (Michigan) High School, he clerked for two years in a drug store at Perry, and then as collector went into the main office at Detroit of the C. F. Brooks Lumber Company, conducted by Mrs. C. F. Brooks, which company's mills were located at Bay City. He remained there until the otfice was closed and then came to Bay City, in 1876, being employed by L. L. Hotchkiss & Company, which succeeded the C. F. Brooks Lumber Company. He remained with the firm first as bookkeeper and then as general superintendent. In 1890, the firm of L. L. Hotchkiss & Company was succeeded by the Morton & Baccus Luml^er Company.

In 1892 Mr. Kern went into the lumber business himself, buying the interests of the company, with which he had gained so much valuable experience. He purchased all the stock and in 1893 the Kern Manufacturing Company was incorporated, - a company that now owns and operates the largest lumber mills in the Saginaw Valley. As soon as he took charge, Mr. Kern commenced extensive additions and improvements. During 1892-93 he erected two band and one rip sawmill, with capacity of 30,000,000 feet. A salt-block is operated in connection, which has a capacity of 200 barrels a day. The mills turn out 20,000,000 feet of lumber annually and the company at present has 20,000,000 feet stored in their yards. This great industry is located in the Fifth Ward, in the south end of West Bay City, where the plant covers 120 acres, with a farm adjoining. Employment is given 85 men, and 22 horses are required. Many of the employees reside here, there being 19 houses and suiificient barns on the property, and its appearance is something like a small village.

Mr. Kern finds his time pretty well taken up in looking after these huge interests, but he has always been willing to further publicspirited movements of all kinds in this locality, and has been a generous contributor in aid of the various honorable enterprises which have been instrumental in building up the commercial prosperity and good name of this part of the State. He has, however, persistently declined all political honors, merely casting his vote in favor of the candidates of the Republican party and feeling willing that others should enjoy political preferment.

Mr. Kern was married at Bay City, January 14, 1885, to Gertrude L. Minnie, who was born at Marine City, Michigan, and is a daughter of Dominick and Elizabeth (Dein) Minnie, natives of Michigan. They have two daughters, both at scliool, viz : Gladys Bethany, who was born December 9, 1890; and Ruth Woodhull, who was born June 23, 1892. The handsome, comfortable home of Mr. Kern and family is situated in West Bay City, not far from the business section where Mr. Kern's presence is so constantly required. Its luxurious furnishings and its extensive library testify to the intellectual tastes of the family.

For many years Mr. Kern has been identified with the higher branches of Masonry, and is a Knight Templar and a Shriner. He is an attendant of the Methodist Episcopal Church. A man of quiet tastes and little show of ostentation, he quietly fills a place among the captains of industry in the Saginaw Valley, but his large interests have not been secured through the speculative operations which have given the name to many who pose as such.

RED TIMM, one of the first-class farmers and good citizens of Portsmouth township, Bay County, Michigan, residing in section 31, township 14, range 6, and owning a well-improved farm of 80 acres, was torn in Germany, December 18, 1842, and is a son of August and Mary (Kracht) Timm.

Frank C. Merrill

dying in their 84th and 82nd years respectively. Tlieir declining years had been made comfortable by their children, seven of whom came to America ; one remained in Germany.

Our subject was the fourth member of the family and the second of the three sons. When he landed in America in 1866. he came directly to Bay City and secured work in the sawmills. He was an industrious employee of the mills and was careful in saving his money so that when he was ready to settle down to farming, he had accumulated enough capital to buy wellsituated land. About 10 acres of the 40 of his first purchase had been cleared, but the rest was all covered with stumps and brush. To look over his well-cultivated fields one can scarcely realize that only 15 years have passed since all this property was wild and uncleared. 'Mr. Timm has made excellent improvements here, building a comfortable house and barns and setting out an orchard which has added materially to his income. A few words tell of all this, but it has taken many days of hard work to bring about the present condition of things and much credit is due Mr. Timm for what he has accomplished by his good management.

At Bay City on August 8, 1872, Mr. Timm was married to Josephine Cook, who was born September 15, 1852, in Delaware. She came to Bay City with her parents, Fred and Christine Cook, when a child of three years. Her father was born in Germany and when 20 years old came to America and located in Delaware, where he married. He died at Bay City in 1902 and his wife died when Mrs. Timm was 1 1 years old. Their children were : Bertha, deceased at the age of 21 years; Charles, of Bay City ; August, of Hampton township ; Emma; Amelia and Ameil (twins); Birney; Laura; Oscar; Esther; and four who died in infancy. Mr. Timm lost his first wife.

In politics, Mr. Timm is a Republican and he takes much interest in township affairs. He is one of the leading trustees of the German Methodist Church at Bay City. As a citizen and as a neighbor, Mr. Timm is well-thought of by all who know him. He is spoken of as a man whose word is always as good as his bond, which is pretty high praise.

RANK C. MERRILL, postmaster at Bay City, Michigan, and a citizen of enterprise and public spirit, whose portrait accompanies this sketch, was born in Bay County, Michigan, October 27, 1 87 1, and is a son of H. P. Merrill.

The late H. P. Merrill was one of the most prominent citizens of Bay City, where his death took place in November, 1891, at the age of 50 years. He is survived by his widow and two children : Frank C. and Mrs. Carroll Windiate, of Bay City. Mr. Merrill came to Bay City in 1870 and became a member of the wholesale grocery firm of Gustin, ]\Ierrill & Company, wdiich was succeeded Iw Merrill & Fifield, with establishment located at the corner of Fourth and Water streets. For years he was president of the first Chamber of Commerce of Bay City and a director in the Second National Bank. His business energy w'as felt in all civic movements and he was justly considered a valued citizen. He served as an officer in the Civil War and the H. P. INIerrill Post, G. A. R., was named in his honor. He was also an acti\-e member in the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the L'nited States and a Republican party leader.

here and subsequently spent one year at the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, coming home before graduation on account of the death of his father. He is a member of the ,Zeta Psi fraternity. In 1892 he bouglit an interest in the Times-Press, and in 1901 lie bought the paper outright and until ]March, 1903, continued the publication of the Times- Press, the Sunday Times and the U'eekly Journal. Upon his appointment by President Roosevelt as postmaster at Bay City, he sold his papers to the Detroit Evening N'ezt's.

Mr. Merrill owns a very attractive home in Bay City. He married a daughter of C. J. Smith, one of the capitalists of West Bay City. a vesel owner and formerly county treasurer. They have one child. Mr. and Mrs. ]\Ierrill attend the Protestant Episcopal Church.

yir. Merrill could scarcely be anything but an active Republican in politics, cradled as he was in that party. He has done yeoman service and is chairman of the Republican County Committee. For four years he served as president of the Agricultural Association and is now treasurer of this organization, one of large numljers and much importance in Bay County. His father was a Knight Templar IMason and he himself has taken the 32nd degree and is a Mystic Shriner. He belongs also to the Elks and is one of the few American members of the Arbeiter Society, of Bay City.

'Sir. IMerrill has always been interested in -athletics and during his college life was captain of his class baseball team, belonged to felie University team and won honors for his alma mater in various contests. For two years he served as president of the Michigan State Trap Shooters League. Mr. Merrill is a fair type of that class of able, educated young men whose achievements show that they have been trained in no narrow school. He is deservedly popular in Bay City, both as an individual living up to the demands of civic life and as an official, serving his fellow-citizens with honesty and capacity.

XDREW WEISS, one of the representative citizens of Frankenlust township. Bay County. ^Michigan, where he resides upon a fine farm of 160 acres situated in section 9, owns three other farms, - one being in section 5, Frankenlust township, the second in section 9, \\'illiams township and the third in Saginaw County, all being 160 acres in extent, except the one in section 5, Frankenlust township, which consists of 140 acres. Mr. Weiss was born in Frankenlust township, October 23, 1863, and is a son of John George and Christina (Feinauer) \\^eiss.

John George Weiss, father of our subject, was born in Germany in 1822, and came to Bay County in 1849, accompanied by his wife, and died here in 1893. He was possessed of very small means when he came to this country, but had sufficient to purchase from the go\'ernment 56 acres of land in section i, Frankenlust township, on which his son, John C. Weiss, now lives. This was the nucleus of a large estate of 296 acres which he accumulated during life and parceled out to his sons. He and his wife led the lives of pioneers, their home l>eing a log cabin and their food being limited at first to the little they could raise and what they could secure in the way of wild growths in the forest. Mr. \\'eiss was incapacitated for a time v.ith malarial fever, a disease which attacked many settlers in the early days, because of the swampy, undrained character of this region. On many occasions, in the early years, he would carry quantities of farm produce on his back from his farm to the river, there load the articles in his canoe, and then propel himself and cargo to Lower Saginaw (now Bay City), where he would barter the produce for groceries. He became prominent in all that concerned the township and assisted with influence and money in the building of the first schools and churches. For i8 years he was an elder in St. Paul's German Lutheran Church and he contributed liberally to the l)uilding of the new structure. ]\Ir. Weiss led a sober, virtuous, useful life and when he passed away he was mourned by the whole neighborhood. He married a most excellent woman, Christina Feinauer, torn January 30, 1829, who still survives and lives with her son, John C. Weiss, on the old homestead.

The children of Mr. and Mrs. Weiss were: Anna Regina (Mrs. Kuch), of Frankenlust township: Mary Barbara (Mrs. Ittner), of Chesterfield. \"irginia: John M., of Frankenlust township; Anna Margaret (Mrs. Herbolsheimer), of Frankenlust township; Barbara (Mrs. Knoer), of Saginaw County; Andrew, of this sketch; and John C, of Frankenlust township.

Andrew Weiss was educated in the local schools and as he was brought up on a farm his knowledge of agricultural affairs is solid and practical. He has always carried on farming and stock-raising and now operates his whole estate of 620 acres with the exception of the farm in Williams township. Improvements in the way of houses and barns are on all the farms, his residence being a commodious dwelling with agreeable sorroundings. He raises thousands of bushels of grain on the home farm, has 85 head of stock and raises annually several head of draft horses of the Clydesdale brand. His large amount of land and his successful management of it makes him one of the leading farmers of the county.

on the present home farm of our subject, February 6, 1863, and is a daughter of John Leonard and Mary Elizabeth (Fries) Kirchhoff, nati\-es of Germany, who came to Bay County in 1853. The father died in 1886, aged 59 years, and the mother, now 81 years old, resides with Mr. and Mrs. Weiss. Nine children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Weiss, namely : Leonard M., Gottlieb M., Louisa, Ludwig, Anna Margaret; John George, Henry, Anna Elizabeth and Herman.

Mr. Weiss has long been one of the active Republicans of Frankenlust township and has served in a number of the more important local offices. He was a justice of the peace for eight years, for three years was school director, and at present is township assessor. He has been one of the most interested members of St. John's German Lutheran Church, has been its treasurer and has given liberally in support of its work. He is one of the men to whom his fellow-citizens refer with pride as being representative of the township's best, both as to capital and as to character.

OSEPH E. KOHN, chemical and mechanical engineer, a prominent citizen of Bay City, Michigan, general superintendent of the ]\Iichigan Chemical Company's plant at Bay City, and the Owosso Sugar Company in Owosso and Lansing, Michigan, was born in i860 in Bohemia, Austria, and came to America in 1897.