Goodhue County, Minnesota - The whole text, 1878 (part 10 of 16)

The building is six stories in height, basement of stone three feet in thickness, remainder of brick. Dimensions of mill proper, 50x80 feet, with brick cornice and gravel roof. Walls of the brick work are twenty inches in thickness at the bottom, and one foot at the top. The basement story is twelve feet in height, first or grinding story fifteen feet, second and third stories each twelve feet, fourth and fifth stories fourteen feet. The frame work is of the most substantial character. There are oak posts in four of the stories, with iron pintles between, making settling next thing to impossible. The building rests on solid rock as firm as the earth itself. Between the mill and warehouse, in the basement, there are four openings, 18x22 inches, through which wheat is conveyed into the mill. The mill building, including engine and boiler rooms, warehouses and all machinery, cost $75,000. It is devoted exclusively to the manufacture of flour and feed.

The engine room and texas is a one-story stone and brick structure, 20x50 feet, with gravel roof. A fire wall twelve inches in thickness separates the engine and boiler rooms, with fire-proof doors. Boiler room and texas is a one-story stone and brick apartment, 36x50 feet, with gravel roof. Both texas' are iron-clad.

Adjoining the mill building is a two-story and basement wheat warehouse, 60 feet square above, and 51x60 the lower story. The basement is of stone, upper stories brick. Between the mill and warehouse is a fire wall with fire-proof doors. Capacity of warehouse 75,000 bushels.

The motive power of the mill is steam obtained from an upright condensing engine of 250 horse power, low pressure; twenty-five to thirty pounds being sufficient to run the entire machinery. The engine is the Corless patent, manufactured by the North Star Iron Works. A. Howe, jr., is the very competent head engineer. There are four boilers complete in all their details. The mill is heated by steam, and there are no stoves except in the office. So much of the machinery as runs in wooden boxes, except six boxes on flour packers, does not exceed forty revolutions per minute ; but a large portion of the machinery runs in iron boxes lined with Babbitt metal. The six boxes on flour packers do not exceed seventy-five revolutions per minute. The shafting is all in perfect line and runs true. There are twelve pairs of four foot burrs running one hundred and forty revolutions per minute, and one run of thirty-inch burrs for grinding screenings, besides four crushers.

In the basement are two smut machines, the " Victor " scourer and Victor brush machines, speed about five hundred revolutions per minute. The dust is blown into a stone chamber outside of the mill building, with vent hole leading into the base of the smoke stack. Of wheat separators there are two, one in the basement and the other in the fifth story, having a velocity of about five hundred and fifty revolutions per minute. The bran duster is located in the fifth story, and has a speed of three hundred and seventy-five revolutions per minute. There are fourteen Wilford & Russell's patent purifiers, seven on the third floor and seven on the fourth floor. They are of an improved pattern, manufactured by the North Star Iron Works, Minneapolis, Minn., and have a speed of about seven hundred revolutions per minute. For stationary lights on grinding floor, office, engine room and warehouse, gas is used, and for movable lights, close lanterns, burning headlight oil. The mill is operated day and night, except from six o'clock a. m. Sunday to six a. m. Monday. Two men are employed in the mill as watchmen and oilers, each half the day and half the night. No smoking is allowed in the building, or drinking of spirituous liquors.

Running through every story of the mill, is an iron stand pipe four inches in diameter, with from fifty to one hundred feet of hose attached on each floor, for extinguishing fires. This pipe is attached to an " A. A. Knowles" steam pump, which is operated by a special steam boiler, in which sufficient steam is kept, even when the mill is not in operation, to run the pump to its full capacity ; but when the mill is running, Steam is supplied from the large boilers. In addition, a cask of salt water and two buckets are kept on each floor, ready for use at all times. The smoke stack is of brick with stone base, height, 125 feet.

Mill, warehouse and machinery, are owned and operated by a joint stock company, under the name of the " La Grange Mill Company." The enterprise ranks among the first-class properties of the State. It is carefully managed by competent men, and every department is thoroughly systematized and in perfect running order.

Lumber Interest

One of the prime industries of this region of country is the manufacture of pine lumber. The forests of northern Minnesota abound in extensive pineries, and for three decades men have been plunging into their depths and utilizing those stately trees. Steadily with the growth of the Northwest the business has increased until it stands to-day a marvel on the commercial catalogue. Hundreds of millions of feet are cut annually and yet the source seems practically inexhaustible. All along these upper waters teem with that industry, and marts and cities are growing on their borders, with it for their foundation and support. Along the various streams hundred of mills have been established, and on the bosoms of those rivers float to market the raw material and the manufactured articles in countless numbers. To the timbeiiess regions of the far West and down this mighty river to the southern cities, the great staple of these northern forests rolls like an endless tide. Day and night the hum of that industry continues in one unceasing round, and the sharp ring of the glistening steel as it cleaves the mighty bolts is mellow music to him whose home is among the pines.

Although the lumber interest of Red Wing is not her paramount industry, it is nevertheless a thrifty and steadily growing business. In June, 1856, Cogel & Blakely began the manufacture of sash, doors, blinds, etc. They purchased their first machinery of James Tott & Co., Cincinnati, Ohio, which was sunk with the old Itaska at Rock Island bridge. Within three weeks of the disaster another lot of machinery was on its way, and finally it reached its destination and fulfilled its requirements. In 1859 Mr. Charles Betcher purchased Mr. Blakely's interest. In 1861 they purchased what was known as the " old Freeborn mill," and the present saw mill is upon the same old site. This was the first saw mill built in Red Wing. It was put up by Messrs. Pettibone & Knapp, and had passed through several hands before it fell into the possession of Messrs. Cogel & Betcher. Few mills have a record like this one. It was one of the pioneer enterprises, and well it fulfilled its promise of usefulness. In 1867 the structure was rebuilt, enlarged, and greatly improved.

Since 1875 Mr. Betcher has been alone in the business, Mr. Cogel retiring that year. These mills are located by the bay at the upper edge of town, convenient to the railroad, with an accessible and safe harbor for logs. The saw mill contains two circular saws, one 54 inches and the other 36 in diameter. They are driven by steam power, and are capable of cutting 40,000 feet of lumber in eleven hours. The average annual cut and sales usually run about 5,500,000 feet of lumber, 2,000,000 shingles, and 1,250,000 lath. The capacity of the mill may be rated at 7,000,000 feet per annum. In the season of 1875, 6,000,000 feet were cut; 1876, 6,500,000 ; 1877, 5,500,000; 1878, a poor year for logs, the cut will not exceed 4,000,000 feet. At the yard in the city there is constantly on hand a supply of about 3,500,000 feet to meet the retail trade.

The planing mill is devoted to the manufacture of sash, doors, window blinds, mouldings, packing boxes, etc., etc., and it is furnished with all the modern improved machinery for doing every variety of work in that line. In this mill twenty men find employment, and the production of the manufactured articles reaches $20,000 per annum. In all the various departments the number of men employed usually aggregates not far from one hundred.

In addition, Mr. Betcher is interested in a sawmill and a hub and spoke factory located at Esdaile, Pierce county, Wis., about eight miles from Red Wing, in the midst of a heavy hard-wood forest. The sawmill is operated by water power, the factory by steam. A stream known as the Isabelle furnishes an excellent water power, which has been well improved and utilized in the past few years. In the sawmill the logs are cut into lumber, and that article re-sawed and prepared for the factory. The latter building is 40x120 feet, and is connected with the sawmill by railway tracks. On the first floor is located the engine, boilers and appurtenances, a common planing machine, a circular planing machine, tenoning machines, hub machines capable of making one hundred sets of hubs per day, a spoke machine that can turn out fourteen spokes per minute, board saws, cut-off saws, and all the necessary appliances. The second story contains turning lathes, for turning all kinds of handles, bedsteads, and other articles that are fashioned by that process. The loft is used for storing the manufactured articles.

Next in order is the steaming and bending house, 30x30 feet, two stories in height, where timber is steamed and bent into shape for bobrunners, wagon-felloes, plow handles and other purposes. The hubs are steamed and then painted over with varnish paint to exclude the air. The spoke machine cost $1,200, and it works like a thing of life. Then there is the endless saw for shaping plow-beams - a great improvement over the old muscular way. Belonging to the works are quite a village, including the sheds for storing finished work, blacksmith shops, dry-house, finishing shops and other buildings. The timber used in the manufacture of these articles is a tough white oak, said to be unsurpassed. In Pierce county alone, Mr. Betcher owns from fifteen hundred to two thousand acres of land, crowned with hard-wood trees, stately and grand.

Red Wing Saw Mill And Lumber Yard

shingle and lath saws, and other necessary machinery. The power is steam, and all the works are of the most improved character. About 4,000,000 feet of lumber, with a proportionate number of shingles and lath, is the usual stock on hand in the yard ; but the annual sales keep pace with the cut, therefore the supply does not accumulate. The superintendent of this department is O. Densmore, a practical and thoroughly competent mill man.

Daniels & Simmons, Lumber Dealers

The lumber firm of Daniels & Simmons began business in 1867, continued up to three years ago, when Mr. Simmons retired ; the interest was then carried on by P. Daniels, which continued up to May 1, 1878, when Mr. Childs became associated, and the firm has since been known as Daniels & Childs. They employ a capital of about $15,000, do a general lumber business, deal in sash, doors, blinds, &c. Their annual sales are about $25,000.

The Red Wing Stoneware Company

On Feb. 8th, 1877, a meeting of citizens was held in the council rooms, to consider the subject of the organization of a company for the manufacture of stoneware at the city of Red Wing. A decision favorable to such an enterprise having been reached, a committee, consisting B. B. Herbert, F. W. Hoyt and E. W. Brooks, were appointed to prepare articles of incorporation, and C. C. Webster and B. B. Herbert were appointed a committee to solicit subscriptions to stock. On Feb. 9th, articles of incorporation were signed, fixing the capital stock of the new company at ten thousand dollars, divided into shares of fifty dollars each. A meeting of subscribers to the capital stock was called on Feb. 10th, and Peter Daniels, E. W. Brooks, C. C. Webster, F. W. Hoyt, Chas. Brink, B. B. Herbert and D. C. Hill, were chosen the first board of directors. On Feb. 21st, the board met and perfected an organization, by the election of P. Daniels, pres. ; C. C. Webster, treas. ; and B. B. Herbert, sec. On Sept. 31st, Mr. Webster resigned his office as treasurer and A. J. Meacham was elected in his place.

The first six months after the organization of the company was devoted to experimenting upon the manufacture of "ware with a small kiln and works purchased of D. Hallum, and in obtaining such information as was necessary for the successful prosecution of the enter- prise. Early in August the board commenced grading for the foundations of the present works of the company, and on January 1st, 1878, the buildings, kilns and machinery were ready to commence the manufacture of ware on an extensive scale, and the present superintendent, E. T. Howard, was placed in charge, with a splendid corps of skillful workmen under him. The pottery proper is a brick building, about forty by seventy feet, built in the river bank, close to the railroad track. Its north front is two stories high. The clay pit occupies a space about twenty feet square, in the northwest corner, and is open from the basement floor to the roof, and is capable of holding a very large quantity of clay, which is thrown in through a broad door on the east side. The northwest corner of the lower floor is occupied as boiler and engine room. Over the engine room are the jiggers for turning out milk pans, which are made in molds, at the rate of about four hundred a day for each turner, and are carried at once into the drying room, immediately adjoining the jigger room, and directly over the boiler. The temperature in the latter room is kept at a very high point. To the south of these rooms is a room for " sliping " the ware, a long drying room for jars, jugs and other ware, and at the southerly end, the office of the superintendent. Next to the clay pit, on the main floor, is a mammoth wheel for grinding the clay, and near it a closet in which the ground clay is placed in balls, while to the south, along the easterly side of the building, are the wheels or lathes of the " turners," where the workmen are constantly turning out, by skillful manipulations of the hands and well-trained fingers, from the pliant clay, all classes of ware, from the tiny brown jug, fit for the fine lady's toilet table, to the mammoth butter jar or water refrigerator.

Back of the workmen, as they stand at their wheels, is a drying frame about six feet wide by fifty feet in length. When the turners are at work, boards are run from this frame to the left of each workman, on which each piece of ware is placed as soon as shaped, and when a board is full.it is run back to its place on the frame, where the ware remains until it receives the finish, and is carried forward into the drying room proper. From the drying room the ware is carried into the room for sliping, which is done by dipping the ware into a wash of a different quality of clay, which fuses at a lower temperature than the clay forming the body of the ware, and gives it the inside glaze or polish.

From this room the ware is carried into either of two large kilns to the westerly of the main building, where it is burned. This burning process with the present improvements occupies about thirty-three hours, though formerly it took much longer. From the kilns the ware is carried directly into the warehouse, occupying forty-five by seventyfive feet, two stories high, directly west of the kilns. A gangway in the warehouse leads to a platform in front, through and over which the ware is carried directly into the cars and is shipped all over Minnesota, West Wisconsin and Northern Iowa. The ware is of a very superior quality, and its sale has increased very rapidly. The engine and boiler is twenty-four horse power, and was manufactured by the Red Wing Iron Works, Densmore Bros., proprietors, and it would be difficult to find a smoother running or finer engine. The grinding of the clay, turning and drying is all done by steam. At the annual meeting February 11th, 1878, the old board were re-elected, with the exception of E. T. Howard, elected in place of 0. 0. Webster, who withdrew from the company in the fall of 1877, and J. W. Hodgman in place of 0. R. Brink. Shortly after the annual meeting, at a special meeting of the stockholders called for that purpose, the stock of the company was increased to twenty thousand dollars, and there is now about twentyfive thousand dollars employed in the enterprise.

G. K. Sterling & Co

This firm, composed of G. K. Sterling and S. B. Foot, commenced business in 1861, in a small building about 20 feet square, working five and six men besides themselves, shoemaking, dealing in leather and shoe findings, doing a business the first year of less than $6,000.

In 1865 they added a small general stock of boots and shoes, and gradually increased their manufactory from year to year, until they now employ about 100 men.

In 1872 they built a tannery containing thirty vats, which has since been increased to 100. The tannery turns out annually 10,000 hides, besides from 3,000 to 5,000 calf-skins, consuming in the operation more than 1,000 cords of bark.

Their goods now find a ready market, extending over a wide scope of country, embracing the States of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska and the Territory of Dakota.

The company is eminently deserving of more than a passing tribute, for their manufactured articles have won well-merited praise wherever they have been tested, and the firm gives employment to a large number of men, thus contributing to the general welfare.

Sash, Poors And Blinds Manufactory D. C. Hill'S Works

The first of this enterprise was established in 1862, corner of Main and Bluff streets. It was a small two-story frame building, 30x60 feet, with wing 16x30, and was devoted to the manufacture of sash, doors and blinds, operated a planing mill, and gave employment to six men.

The rapid growth of the business obliged the proprietor to enlarge his works, and in 1869 he erected the fine two-story brick block, 50x60, in connection with the original building. Thirty-five men find steady employment during the busy season, and the mill has capacity for fifty men when business is driving.

From 300,000 to 500,000 feet of lumber are annually consumed in the manufacture of doors, sash, blinds, mouldings and other articles used in house building. Altogether it is one of the most active and substantial industries of the city.

Red Wing Iron Works

These works are established at the corner of Bush and Levee streets. They are owned by Densmore Bros., and the present buildings were begun and completed in 1866, at a cost of $12,000, including machinery. Since that time the property has doubled in value. The buildings are of brick ; storeroom 30x60 feet, blacksmith shop 20x50, foundry 40x65, boiler room 20x23, and other minor apartments.

In August, 1874, the shops were destroyed by fire ; loss about $7,000. In sixty days they were re-built and in operation, at an expense of about $9,000. Twelve men are constantly employed at the works, and at times fifteen or twenty. All kinds of iron work are done at the establishment, and a large amount of mill machinery and hundreds of useful articles are kept in readiness at all times for the trade of the surrounding country.

Wagon And Carriage Manufactories

The wagon and carriage manufactory of M. & J. Kappel was commenced in 1865. Their shops were opened in a frame building on Third street, near Plum, with a capital of about $2,000. Their business increased so as to demand enlarged accommodations, and in 1875 they tore down the old shops and erected their present ones, which are 40x60 feet, three stories high, and cost $5,000. They give employment to fifteen men, and turn out about one hundred lumber wagons annually, besides sixty buggies, platform wagons, sleighs, etc. Their business averages about $15,000 per annum. They have about $6,000 invested in the business, exclusive of buildings and ground.

Erickson, Newstram & Co., Wagon Manufacturers

Established March, 1873, under the firm name of Erickson & Anderburg. Soon after the firm was changed to Erickson, Peterson & Co. In the spring of 1878, the firm became Erickson, Newstram & Co., G. L. Weber being the third member.

About one hundred wagons per year are turned out by the firm, and they also make light work to order. They employ nine men and use a capital of about $10,000 in their business. The works are located on Main street; building of wood, two stories, 35x85, with office adjoining. It is one of the important manufacturing industries of the city.

Newstram & Harrison, Wagon Makers Henry J. Helmeke, Wagon Manufacturer

Commenced business Feb. 20, 1874, corner of Fourth and Plum streets. Shops 50x50, two stories, built of wood. Mr. Helmeke employs ten men, and turns out a hundred wagons yearly - carriages, sleighs, and other articles in that line.

Charles Reinhart'S Wagon Manufactory

Was established October, 1876. It is located on Third street, between Plum and Bush. The shops are 50x60 feet, a one-story building. They turn out wagons, buggies, sleighs, bob-sleds, and other articles of that character.

H. Lovegreen, Wagon Manufactory

These works were established in 1863. The main building is a wood structure, two stories, 44x45 feet. In addition there has since been erected a blacksmith shop, 25x80 feet, together with a small engine house, which contains a twelve horse power engine for driving the machinery.

The enterprise is located on Fourth street. It turns out about fifty wagons per year, besides carriages and other articles that find a ready sale in the home market. Tt is one of the growing and important manufactories of Red Wing, and constitutes another link in the rising industries of the county.

Cooper Shops O. Eames' Establishments

These shops were established in 1872, and the first building erected was early in that year, a structure 20x40 feet. In 1873, Mr. Eames put up a building 24x86 feet, with an addition 24x30 feet. In 1877, a building was erected 26x145 feet. The engine room is 16x24, fourteen feet in height, built of stone and iron. It was erected in the summer of 1878. In it is a 12 horse power engine and boiler, made by Densmore Bros., Red Wing. In addition, there is also a heating room for barrels, 9x24, built of brick and iron.

One warehouse, 20x40 feet, is located on Bluff street; and on Seventh, Mr. Eames has another, 50x180 feet, where cooper material is stored. The works employ fifty men, and their capacity may be rated at 312,000 barrels per year, but they turn out an average of not far from 150,000 barrels annually. These shops are superintended by Capt. P. F. Glarden, a practical business man and a gentleman of energy and enterprise.

George Reichert'S Cooper Shops

There are two large shops, one on Third and one on Waucoota street. The former was erected in 1867, is 20x60 feet, two stories in height, and furnishes employment to nine men. The latter was built in 1877, two stories, 26x100, employs twenty men and turns out 60,000 barrels annually. On the same street Mr. Reichert also carries on a small one-story shop, employing four men. At the last named place tight work is manufactured. All the products of these three manufactories find a ready market in the city and county. Capital involved about $8,000. Number of men employed from twenty-five to thirty.

Furniture Manufactories Erickson & Swanson, Furniture Manufacturers

The salesroom is located on Plum street, is a two-story brick, 20x60 feet. Eighteen men find employment at these establishments, and a capital of $25,000 is involved in carrying on the works. The goods turned out by the firm find a market in three States, Minnesota, Wisconsin and Iowa.

Kayser & Wettstein, Furniture Manufacturers

This establishment was begun in 1867. Their shops are located between Main and Third streets. They are 20x40 feet, with engine and boiler room 16x20, in which is located an eight horse power engine, manufactured by Densmore Bros., Red Wing. Their salesroom is on Third street, and its dimensions are 42x44 feet. The motto of this company reads as follows : "By honest work we thrive."'

Brick Yards

The first kiln of brick turned out in Red Wing was made by Barnes & Van Houten, in the summer of 1855. The yard was located near where John Day now resides, and the kiln contained 200,000 brick.

The next yard was established by George Wilkinson, the contractor for building Hamline University, which enterprise was begun about June, 1855, and completed January, 1856. It was a Methodist church building, located where "City Park" now is, the institution having been removed elsewhere.

The brick business has been an important branch of industry, increasing rapidly from that time to the present. The work is now carried on exclusively by Brink, Williams & Co , who have in active operation three yards, which turn out in the aggregate about 2,000,000 brick annually, of which about 100,000 are pressed brick, of the best quality, equaling the celebrated Philadelphia brick, and surpassing anything of the kind manufactured in the Northwest. The brick burned in these kilns are sought after wherever they have been introduced, and the demand is on the increase to keep pace with the growth of the country. The company shipped this season 52,000 to Minneapolis, to be used in the erection of the Hon. Mr. Pillsbury's palatial residence. The annual receipts from the product of these yards amount to about $20,000 per annum.

Stone Quarry

This enterprise is established near the city's southeast boundary, and was originally owned by Chas. Mclntyre. 1874, Mr. Robt. L. Berglund became the proprietor. In the summer season, from seven to ten men are employed at the quarry, and the value of the stone taken out after being dressed, amounts to from $12,000 to $15,000 annually.

City Brewery

In 1861, Wm. Heising came to Red Wing, and purchased of John Frederick the Old Minnesota House, located on the corner of Bush and Fifth streets, and immediately turned it into a brewery, with the addition of cellars and the necessary appliances for the manufacture of beer

In 1869, Mr. Heising built a fine brick structure 40x80 feet, three stories above the basement. The basement contained the malt machinery and other apparatus. On the first floor, beer kettle, mash tub, cooler works and the various appliances. Second and third floors were devoted to general purposes. The first beer kettle - 1861 - had a capacity of 8 bbls. 1869 a 20 bbl. kettle was introduced, and the works now have a kettle of 50 bbls. capacity.

December, 1873, Mr. Heising died, and the business then devolved upon the widow. This enterprising woman soon after had an excavation made for a beer cellar, 20 feet deep, 15 feet wide and 180 feet in length, and above that an ice house, 40x50 feet, two stories in height, built of brick. 1876, Mrs. Heising was married to Mr. A. Remmler, Under the direction of Mr. R., 1878, a new dry kiln was put up, built of brick, 20x22, three stories ; an engine house, 22x34, same height? also of brick. On the first floor of the latter building is the engine, manufactured at Erie, Pa., and the boiler. The second floor is devoted to the water tanks, cold and hot, and on the third floor cooler apparatus.

The old hotel yet stands and serves as sleeping apartments for the employes. Taken together, these improvements form an interesting cluster, and add their quota to the growing enterprises of the city.

Red Wing Brewery

in 1858, having a limited capacity, and when Mr. Jacob Christ took charge of it in 1871, the annual sales were only about 500 barrels. Now they reach the handsome aggregate of 1,400 barrels yearly. The main building was re-built in 1878, of stone, 42x52 feet, with engine room 26x32, brewery room 24x50. The brewery is supplied with one of M. W. Altus coolers, 6x12 feet, an iron mash tub twenty-seven feet in circumference by four feet six inches in height, and copper beer boiler of thirty-two barrels capacity; also one of Smith's patent malt mills, of Dubuque, a cool ship 20x22 feet, made of sheet iron and brick.

The main building is two stories above the basement with sample room in connection, 22x40 feet. In addition there is an ice-house built on the refrigerator plan, 21x53 feet. The buildings taken together are substantial and the machinery is of the latest improvement. Four men are employed in operating the works and managing the enterprise.

This enterprise is situated on Bush street, Lawrence Hoffman, proprietor. The building was erected and occupied in 1856. Main structure or brewery proper, 23x70 feet; dry kiln, 12x26 ; ice house, 22x28 ; engine room, 26x32, containing one of the Densmore engines, beer cellar, malt mill, &c, together with all the modern appliances for making a prime article of beer.

John Hartman'S Brewery

In the southwest part of the city, John Hartman runs a brewery. It is one of the manufacturing industries, but the proprietor is one of those unaccountable characters from whom we could obtain no information that would be of use in this volume.

Red Wing Gas Light Company

Organized May 15, 1872, under chapter XXXIV of the general statutes of the State of Minnesota, with the following directors: Theodore B. Sheldon, Joshua C. Pierce, Lucius F. Hubbard, Wm. W. Phelps, of Red Wing, and Charles H. Nash, of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The following board of officers were elected :

The company's works are situated on the east side of Bluff street, lot number ten of Longcor's subdivision, and were built under contract, by Charles H. Nash, of Milwaukee, Wisconsin - consideration, $25,000. The contract included the laying of mains as follows : From the works through Bluff street to Main street ; through Main street to the center of Broadway ; through Broadway and West avenue, to Fifth street; up Fifth street to Dakota street ; through Fourth street from West Avenue, to Hill street ; through Third street from Broadway, to Cedar street ; through Bush street from Main street, to Fifth street ; and through Plumb street from Main street, to Fourth street.

Fire Department Protection Hook And Lader Company

This was the first fire company organized in Red Wing, and dates back to the years 1858-9, with Jesse Mclntire, chief engineer; R. N. McLaren, first assistant; J. C. Pierce, second assistant; T. N. Lee, secretary ; and T. J. Clark, treasurer. The organization lasted, in name only, up to 1870, with various changes of officers during the intervening years.

Torrent Engine Company No. 1

This company was virtually a reorganization of the one spoken of above. Its organization dates Dec. 6, 1858, with M. B. Lewis, foreman; W. E. Hawkins, assistant; J. C. Hawes, secretary; W. H. Wellington, assistant; T. J. Clark, treasurer; and W. B. Philleo, steward. This organization existed, with the usual official changes, up to June 7, 1865, without an engine, and failing to secure one, the company adjourned sine die. The names enrolled up to that date numbered 128, but during the war many of them went into the army, some to return, and more to fall on the field of battle.

Cataract Engine Company No. 1

September 1, 1865, a re-organization of Torrent Company took place, and it became the Cataract, with the following calendar for that year: W. E.Hawkins, foreman; A. Wright, first assistant; J. A. Woodbury, second assistant; B. C. Stephens, foreman of hose ; John Winter, assist. ; J. A. Wright, secretary ; P. Lovgreen, assist.; T.J. Clark, treasurer ; L. Cornman, steward.

Red Wing Hose No. 1

Under the management of the foreman, who has held the position from the first up to the present time, the company is in a prosperous condition, and is now one of the very efficient fire companies of the city.

Red Wing Cornet Band

This enterprise was organized in June, 1876, and is composed of the following members, who began as a class without an instructor: F. Jellineck, George Diepenbrock, F. J. Bauman, John Altmeyer, F. Hickman, W. Steffen and Charles Boeckman.

The band at the present time is a permanent organization, with president, secretary and treasurer elected annually. Present officers : William Steffen, president; George Diepenbrock, secretary and treasurer, August Oppleger, leader; F. Jellineck, F. Hickman, Abram Oppleger, F. J. Bauman, John Altmeyer, John Webster and Charles Boeckman.

The members meet once a month for business, and semi-weekly for practice ; and under their present leadership they are making rapid progress, and bid fair to become one among the best bands in the State.

Post Office

The opening of the post office in Red Wing, dates back to 1853, with Calvin Potter first postmaster. November 23, 1853, Mr. Sweney was appointed but did not accept. His commission was signed by R. C. Hobbs. The next postmaster was Rev. J. W. Hancock, and after that in the following order: H. L. Bevans, H. C. Hoffman, M. Soren, E. P. Lowater, W. W. Dekay, A. Wright, C. C. Webster and A. F. Graves.

The office is located on the corner of Third and Bush streets, in a substantial three-story brick building, 36x120 feet. In the centre of the building on the first floor, is the post office vault, a fire-proof structure, for the books and other valuables of the department. There are 1,280 boxes in the office, and three clerks do the work. The money order department was established Nov. 1, 1864, and the total number of orders issued up to Oct. 1, 1878, amounted to 27,870.

Mississippi Valley Industrial Association Organization And First Exhibition

We, the undersigned, hereby severally subscribe and agree, each for himself, to pay the sums placed opposite our respective names to the capital stock of a corporation to be located at Red Wing, Goodhue county, Minnesota, of the nature and for the objects hereinafter named, for which we agree to receive certificates of stock in said corporation, at the rate of fifty dollars a share.

The object of said corporation shall be the acquiring grounds, by lease or purchase, and to improve the same by necessary buildings, enclosures, tracks, &c, for the following purposes:

First, for the holding agricultural and mechanical fairs. Second, for the training, trial of speed and exhibiting of horses. Third, for outdoor concerts and other entertainments. Fourth, for the holding of monthly or semi-monthly cattle and horse markets or fairs, at which time cattle and horses may be exhibited for sale.

The design is to make the grounds and buildings attractive so that it will serve as a park and place of resort for the inhabitants of Goodhue county, Minn., and Pierce county, Wis., and keep it in such a manner as to give pleasure to all.

Up to Saturday the 13th day of July, 1878, the required amount of stock had been subscribed, when a meeting of the subscribers was held at the city council rooms for the purpose of completing the organization. E. J. Blood was chosen chairman, and B. B. Herbert, secretary.

Articles of incorporation were presented by Mr. Herbert, which were adopted. The name quoted at the head of this sketch was adopted by the meeting as the name of the association. The following gentlemen were named as incorporators :

The number of directors was fixed at nine, and the following named persons were chosen as the first board of directors, to be named as such in the articles of incorporation :

S. H. Purdy, president; Charles Betcher, vice-president; B. B. Herbert, secretary ; A. Seeback, treasurer ; F. W. Cross, superintendent. - The highest amount of indebtedness for which the association shall be liable at any one time was fixed at $3,000.

At that meeting it was resolved that the board of directors take immediate steps for the erection of buildings and holding a fair early in September, and the secretary was directed to take all necessary steps for perfecting the organization.

The grounds selected for the use of the association are located on the farm occupied by Mr. E. P. Watson, and owned by Charles Betcher, adjoining Red Wing on the west. As soon as the organization was perfected, a large force of men were set to work enclosing the grounds with a substantial board fence, erecting the necessary buildings, grading the track, etc., and although a large force of mechanics and laborers were employed, the work was not completed until Monday evening, the 9th of September, the workmen putting in all of Sunday, the 8th, as industriously as if it was the last day of the week instead of the first and a day set apart and commanded as a day of rest.

closed on Saturday, the 14th. It was largely attended, and the exposition of farm, garden and orchard products; of the mechanic arts; of woman's handiwork; of the shops, mills, stores, etc., far surpassed the most enthusiastic anticipations of the association's warmest friends. The show of stock was not as large as shown at many of the older fairs of the State, but very satisfactory as to grades. The horsemen showed some good trotters and rapid runners.

Banking Houses

The first banker in Ked Wing, or in fact Goodhue county, was Pascal Smith. Soon after, the firm was announced as Smith, Meigs & Co., consisting of Messrs. Smith, Meigs, Fergurson & Knapp ; this was in 1857. In 1859, Mr. Taylor, of Dubuque, Iowa, organized under State law, the Bank of Red Wing, and issued currency. 1860 the firm of Smith, Meigs & Co. was changed to Smith & Dickinson. Soon after the Bank of Red Wing started it was bought out by Pascal Smith, and from 1862 to 1865 it was run by Dickinson & Smith; W. S. Dickinson, president ; Pascal Smith, cashier ; at the end of which time it was sold out to the gentlemen who organized it.

First National Bank Of Red Wing

This bank was chartered in September, 1865, with a capital of $50,000, which has since been increased to $100,000, with a surplus net earnings of $25,000 above capital. The bank has been principally under the management of Mr. Jesse Mclntire, and an efficient board of five directors. The officers are T. B. Sheldon, president; Jesse Mclntire, cashier. Undivided profits amount to $20,000. It is classed among the safe, well managed and prosperous banking houses of the country.

Pierce, Simmons & Co., Bankers

This firm is composed of those well-known gentlemen, J. C. Pierce, T. K. Simmons, and N. W. Pratt. The house was established in October, 1868, with a capital of $50,000, which has since been increased to $60,000. The bank is located in the Keystone stone block, having large and well-arranged offices, and an excellent fire proof vault and burglarproof safe, with all the latest improvements. The members of the firm are men of capital and business ability. They do a general banking business, attend to collections, receive deposits, and deal in foreign and domestic exchange. Messrs. Fierce, Simmons & Pratt, all three of them, came to Red Wing among the very early pioneers - 1855-1856. They have grown with the growth of the country, watched its progress, andTrejoiced in its prosperity.

These two organizations properly come under one head, as they are conducted by the same board of management, and the offices are together in the same building, although they are distinct banking enterprises. The latter banking firm was organized in September, 1874, and the former not until January, 1878. Officers of the Goodhue County Bank are: T. B. Sheldon, president; 0. Olauson, vice president; J. S. Hoard, cashier. President of the -'Goodhue County Savings Bank," E. W. Brooks; vice president, Win. Featherstone ; cashier, J. S. Hoard. The directors are: T. B. Sheldon, C. Clauson, E. W. Brooks, J. S. Hoard, F. W. Hoyt, Wm. Featherstone and H. E. Perkins. The savings bank was organized under the State law, without capital, by giving bonds for security. Paid in capital of the Goodhue County Bank is $40,000. The bank is located in a handsome brick block, Third street, and the offices are provided with all the modern improvements and appliances necessary to a first-class banking house. They do a general banking business, make collections, and deal in foreign and domestic exchange.

Wholesale Houses H. A. Park, Wholesale Grocer

February 16, 1866, Mr. Park began a retail business on a small scale, in a little frame building located in rear of Sterling & Co.'s store. Subsequently he opened out in the back part of the building now occupied by that company. In 1870 he removed across the street into the brick building now the property of James Lowther, and used by Mr. Park for a store house. The fall of that year he changed again into the spacious three-story brick, on the corner of Main and Plum streets, where he now does business. Thus step by step with the growth of the country, Mr. Park has advanced from the dingy apartment with its insignificant retail stock to the great brick block filled to repletion, and a trade extending over Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa and other States, involving a capital of more than $50,000.

corner of Main street and Broadway. His building is a three-story brick, where he carries a large stock in his line suited to the trade of Minnesota, Wisconsin and other States, the field of his rapidly increasing patronage.

The old, first hotels, the most of which have been mentioned in the course of these pages, long since gave way before the growth and prosperity of the city, or were consumed by the devouring fire fiend. Their places and accommodations are filled by a larger and better class of buildings, and the hotel accommodations of Red Wing are far superior to most of the cities and towns of the State.

Exchange Hotel

The erection of this hotel was commenced by Joseph Rice, in 1867. Mr, Rice died before the hotel was finished, and its completion was left to other hands, and in its earliest days was regarded as one of the best hotels in the Red Wing country. After it was completed and furnished, it was kept by different parties until July, 1878, when it was refitted and refurnished by Mrs. Christina Rice, relict of Joseph Rice, the projector of the hotel, by whom it is now successfully managed. The lower part of the Exchange is finished in butternut or white walnut wood, and several of the upper rooms are finished in black walnut.

The National

A part of the building now known as the National House was first built in the summer of 1855, by Messrs. Sherman and Richter, and was occupied by them as " The Crystal Palace " store. In the summer of 1857 additions were built to it by William C. Chilson, who opened it as the a Chilson House " in the fall of that year, and for a period of one year was the leading hotel of the county. At the end of one year it was closed, and was not again occupied as a hotel until 1865, when it was thoroughly refitted by Messrs. Kelly & Sheldon, and opened by them as the National. Mr. Sheldon died soon after, and Mr. Kelly became sole proprietor and manager. In 1868 it was purchased by Freeman Parker for the sum of $9,000. He continued the management until 1873, when it was leased to Field & Royce. At the end of two years Mr. Royce retired, and left Mr. F. S. Field as sole lessee and manager, by whom it is still conducted. It is in good repair and well managed.

Hotel De' Batlo

This hotel, a three-story brick structure, was erected by Joseph Batlo, in the summer of 1874, at a cost of $22,500. It contains forty-eight rooms, and until the opening of the St. James, was regarded as the leading and popular hotel of Red Wing. The Batlo is still well patronized and doing a prosperous and renumerative business. Its management requires the services of twelve employes.

Central Hotel

The house now known as the Central Hotel was built in 1855, by David Kelly, who opened it as a hotel. He did not retain the management of the hotel very long until he disposed of the establishment to Webster and Clark, who conducted it until about 1859. After that date, until September 26, 1878, it was conducted by different parties. At the date last mentioned it passed into the hands of Messrs. Happ and Reitz.

Goodhue House

A part of this building was first erected in 1861, for saloon purposes, by a Mr. Henricks. He sold the place to Joseph Batlo in 1863, who made some additions to it, refitted and furnished it throughout, and opened it as a hotel. The present manager is Mrs. Sarah Culbertson.

Hickman House

This brick hostelry, on Bush street, between Main and Third streets, was commenced in April, 1872, by Henry Hickman. It was completed at a cost of $15,000, and opened as a hotel by Mr. Hickman, in September, 1872.

St. James

The erection and completion of the large and excellently conducted St. James Hotel was an enterprise undertaken by a joint-stock company of business men and capitalists friendly to the growth and prosperity of the city.

For a long while previous to the time of the organization of this company, the want of a hotel that would be in keeping with the importance of Red Wing as one of the leading trade centers of the State and of the Northwest, had been sensibly experienced by leading citizens, the undertaking received universal encouragement from the people of Red Wing and the surrounding country.

the most suitable site for the contemplated structure, because of its close proximity to the business center of Red Wing, the railroad depot and steamboat landing.

In the spring of 1874 the work was commenced. The contract for making the necessary excavations was let to Andrew Danielson. The building of the basement walls (solid limestone) was awarded to G. A. Carlson. The brick work was let to Messrs. Brink, Williams & Co., as also the plastering of the entire building. The main building is 60x130 feet, with a wing 32x43 feet, four stories high.

The carpenter work, including floors, partitions and outside work, was completed under the supervision of Samuel Chaffee, and the finishing work by D. C. Hill. The gas fixtures were supplied and put in place by Thomas Wilkson. The steam apparatus, by which the entire building is heated, including the steam engine, was obtained from Hoffman, Billings & Co., of Milwaukee.

Two large iron reservoirs are located in the third story, which supply the entire building with hot and cold wate"r. These reservoirs hold seventy-five barrels each, and are supplied by force pumps connected with the engine. A large cistern, holding 1,111 barrels of water, is located in the rear of the building.

That part of the building facing on Main street is divided into three storerooms. The entrance to the hotel office is from Bush street. A stairway leads from the office to the first floor above, on which are located the ladies' and other parlors. From this floor a stairway descends to the dining room. This apartment is 36x40 feet, with ample seating capacity for one hundred guests. The office counter is made from black walnut, and was designed and executed by D. C. Hill. There are seventy sleeping rooms in the house, from which communication is had with the office by means of an electric hotel enunciator.

The St. James was completed October 1, 1875, and cost $60,000, including the cost of the lot of ground on which it was erected. About the time of its completion it was leased to E. J. and F. H. Blood, formerly of the Beckwith House, Oshkosh, Wisconsin, who immediately furnished it from basement to topmost story with the latest styles of hotel furniture. It was first opened for the reception of guests on the 17th of November, 1875, but the

Grand Opening

Was deferred until the 25th of November. Of this opening the " Argus " of the 2d of December, the next week, gave the following account: At eight o'clock the building was a blaze of light from basement to turret, at which time the carriages began to arrive with the guests, which continued in an uninterrupted flow until eleven o'clock, filling the building like a swarm of bees in a hive. The reception committees, decorated with ribbon badges, received the guests, and gave necessarydirections relative to the disposition of outside wraps, explained the latitude and longitude of the building, and supplied all necessaryinformation. The company settled down to solid enjoyment as soon as they had finished a preliminary survey of the building and of - each other. Knots gathered in the parlors and discussed questions of interest ; the balls swarmed with gaily dressed promenaders, while the dancing hall presented one continuous picture of flitting forms and revolving faces, moving in harmony with soul-stirring music, from an early hour until dawn.

The toilets, with scarcely an exception, were rich, varied and elegant. To particularize would be invidious, while the bare contemplation of a description of all is simply appalling. Let it suffice that the wealth and beauty of Red Wing, with all the appliances of art, were fairly represented, and in this regard our city asks no odds of any other place in the State.

Menu

Ornamental Meats. - Sliced Salmon a la Montpelier; Rhine's Sugar Cured Ham a la ditto; Buffalo Tongue en Espec Jelly; Lobster Salad a la American; Boned Turkey, with Mushroom; Chicken Salad a la Magnise.

Roast. - Chicken, with Giblet Sauce; Tame Goose, Stuffed with Apples; Roast Saddle of Venison, with Cranberry Sauce; Premium Loin of Beef, with Brown Sauce; Young Turkey stuffed with Oysters; Mallard Duck, with Currant Jelly.

Confectioneries and Fruit. - Charlotte Russe a la Vanilla; Champagne Jelly, Jamaica Rum Jelly, Hennessy Brandy Jelly, Rose Cream, Macedonia Fruit, Pineapple Cheese a la Pure; Russian Cream, Filberts, Soft Shell Almonds, Brazil Nuts, Layer Raisins, Pecans.

The History Of Goodhue Counts

resenting two persons, and in some instances three and four. Besides the large number of Red Wing people, there were the following named non-resident guests :

The following is the bill of fare that graced the elegant dining hall on the evening of September 9, 1878, when President Hayes and party sat down and partook of a collation that would adorn a regal board, and tempt the most fastidious epicure.

Bill Of Fare

Removes. - Roast Turkey, with Jelly ; Roast Loin of Spring Lamb a la Espagnal; Roast Spring Chicken Stuffed aux Jus; Boiled Capon, with Salt Pork; Roast Ribs of Beef, with Yorkshire Pudding.

Mr. Blood is a native of Mackinaw, Mich., born April lfith, 1847. In 1848, his parents removed to Green Bay, Wis., thence to Appleton, same State, in 1851. In 1869, he emigrated to Kansas, settling in Lawrence, where he carried on business until 1871, when he removed to Wichita, that State, and opened the first hotel there - the Harris House. In 1874, he returned to Wisconsin and became proprietor of the Beckwith House, Oshkosh, remained until 1875, then removed to Red Wing, and in company with his brother, F. H. Blood, opened this already well-known public house.

When E. J. Blood leased the property, Mr. John E. Sutton, the present efficient and genial clerk, well-known and appreciated by every traveling man in the northwest, between Chicago and Bismarck - Duluth and Dubuque - Green Bay and Omaha - was employed by Mr. Blood as aid-de-camp in chief. And it was a good selection. Mr. Sutton is a natural as well as an educated hotel man. He commenced his hotel experience in Norwalk, Ohio, where they " know how to keep hotel."

From there he went to the well-known and popular Dousman House, at Prairie du Chien, where he remained six years and seven months. During the summer of 1875 he managed the Mansion House at the famous and popular summer resort at Waukesha, Wisconsin. At the close of that season he became chief clerk at the Cook House, Rochester, this State, and at the end of fifteen months resigned that situation to become assistant-manager of the St. James.

With his suavity of manner as a hotel caterer, and the assistance of such an efficient and competent aid-de-camp as John E. Sutton, Mr. Blood has made the St. James a deservedly popular hotel. It is, in point of fact, one of the best managed hotels on the Mississippi from New Orleans to Lake Itasca.

The first number of the journal which now bears the above name, was issued on the 4th day of September, 1857, by Lucius F. Hubbard, editor and proprietor.

F. A. Meredith was announced as an associate in the ownership and management November 20, 1857, and the publication was continued by Hubbard & Meredith until October 1. 1858, after which date it was again managed solely by Mr. Hubbard, until August 12, 1859. On that day the name of Chas. L. Davis appeared with Mr. Hubbard's - " Hub- bard & Davis, proprietors," the senior partner remaining the responsible editor. The war of the rebellion, that disturbed almost everything, caused changes in the newspaper management. Mr. Hubbard having enlisted in the Fifth Minnesota Infantry regiment towards the close of 1861, the firm of Hubbard & Davis was dissolved, and the "Rebublican " of January 3, 1862, showed once more the names of Hubbard & Meredith - the former as proprietor, and the latter as editor and manager during Mr. Hubbard's absence. This arrangement was otily temporary, however, for on the 28th day of March, 1862, it was announced that the ownership, and therewith the editorial management of the "Rebublican," had passed into the control of Mr. C. L. Davis, whose name duly appeared in his new relation from the next issue. But the government needed more troops; and Mr. Davis having enlisted in the Tenth Minnesota infantry regiment, placed E. A. Littlefield in charge of the paper on the 19th of September, 1862. On the 27th day of May, 1864, Mr. Littlefield published that he had turned over the management of the "Republican" to Wm. Colvill, jr., as agent of Ohas. L. Davis, and with the next issue Mr. Colvill formally assumed charge. James H. Parker was in fact editor, though not publicly announced, from April 3d, 1865, for one year. H. K. Parker, jr., became editor and co-proprietor March 30, 1866 ; but the fact was not made public until the 25th day of May following, and the connection continued only till November 16th of the same year.

Mr. Davis associated W. R. Snider in the proprietorship, August 2, 1867, and the firm, Davis & Snider, continued to publish the paper until December 18, 1868, when Mr. Snider became sole proprietor. In the issue of June 10, 1869, the new firm name, "Snider & Perkins," appeared at the head of the paper, T. H. Perkins being the new partner. The last change in ownership of the "Republican" occurred September 20, 1869, when the present proprietors, S. P. Jennison and T. H. Perkins, began their associate management.

The name of the journal was at first the "Red Wing Republican," but it was changed to "Goodhue County Republican" at the beginning of the third volume. It has been from the beginning republican in politics, and almost without exception the official paper of Goodhue county and of the city of Red Wing.

Like most papers, circumstances have compelled or permitted changes of ils size. At the outset it was a seven-column sheet, folio. This form it has always maintained, but the size was reduced to six columns with the 17th number of vol. VI, enlarged to seven columns again at the beginning of the eighth volume, and two years after enlarged further to eight columns. With vol. XIV the capacity of the paper was increased by lengthening the columns, and again subsequently by use of smaller type without increasing the paper sheet.

The " Republican " was published Fridays from the first issue, until January 14th, 1869, since which date the publication day has been Thursday.

Connected with the newspaper publication, there has always been a job office equipped for the execution of any kind of work, except the more elaborate blanks and books.

The " Advance " was established in October, 1873, with E. J. Hodgson and B. B. Herbert as editors, under the name of the " Grange Advance/' and was in its original design devoted to the promotion of home manufactures and the advancement of agricultural and industrial interests, and the up building of the order of the Patrons of Husbandry as a social and educational institution among the farmers. At the end of the first six months, owing to the pressure of other business, Mr. Hodgson retired, and Mr. Herbert continued the publication alone, and during the summer of 1874 associated with him Dr. T. T. Mann, of St. Paul, in the editorial work. During the fall of 1874 the nature of the paper was changed to a strictly local paper, and Mr. Mann retired. August 25, 1875, Mr. Herbert sold the paper to H. H. Young, and May 29, 1878, Mr. Young sold the paper to the present proprietors, under the firm name of " Advance " Publishing Company.

The Red Wing " Sentinel " was started in July, 1855. Dan S. Merritt and James C. Hutchins, publishers; Wm. Colvill, editor; politics, democratic. The press and materials were brought by Merritt and Hutchins, from Pontiac, Michigan, where it had been used in publishing a democratic paper by Merritt, edited by W. W. Phelps. The " Sentinel " was continued under Merritt & Hutchins, Colvill, editor-in-charge, until fall of 1856, when Merritt & Hutchins, sold it out to Alexis Bailey, who removed it to Hastings. Bennett Bro's. brought a new office there in the fall of 1856, and established the Red Wing " Gazette," N. V. Bennett, editor. In 1857, Merritt bought it back, sold a half interest to Oolvill, and they continued it under its old name, " Sentinel," until fall of 1859, when it was sold to W. W. Phelps, who continued it - same name - with Mart. Magines, as printer and chief editor, until the war broke out, when it was sold to James Parker, who continued it as the Goodhue County u Volunteer." Magines - now delegate from Montana in Congress - was with the paper from the time it was established, beginning " devil," until the war broke out, when he enlisted with Colvill in the first company raised.

In October, 1864, a company was formed, consisting of leading democrats, who bought the Goodhue County " Volunteer," changed its name, and issued the first number of the Red Wing " Argus," with Edmund R. Otis as agent and editor. Mr. Otis retired in October, 1868, and was succeeded by Mr. C. F. George as editor and publisher, but who was only connected with the paper until the first of the next June, when the office was sold to Capt. Charles L Davis, who employed Mr. E. R. Otis as editor. Mr. Otis continued with the paper until 1872, when he left, and has been employed on the St. Paul " Dispatch " ever since. In the spring of 1872 the paper was enlarged from a seven to an eight column sheet.

This is a Scandinavian paper, published by Wesenberg & Henning. Its first issue was Sept. 25, 1878. The paper is an eight column weekly four-page sheet, and it starts out fresh and full of bright prospects.

Public Halls

This building was erected by the Turners' Society in 1873. It is a brick structure resting on a stone basement ; dimensions 50x110 feet, and cost $23,000. The hall is conveniently arranged, properly furnished, stage scenery and all the necessary paraphernalia. It has seating capacity for 900 people.

The officers were: William Eisenbrand, president; J. Kuhn, vicepresident; F. Bush, secretary ; L. Hoffman, assistant secretary ; and H. Wolf, treasurer.

Present officers : John Frederick, president ; R. Landaner, secretary ; A. Oswald, assistant secretary, and John Bombach, treasurer. Trustees : Wm. Eisenbrand, A. Remmler and L. Hoffman.

Centennial Hall

This work was put up in 1876, by Messrs. Hoard, Hoyt, Williams and Jennison, at a cost of $16,000, including the entire building, which is 42x62. The first or ground floor is occupied by the Goodhue County Bank, and the Goodhue County Savings Bank, and other branches of business. The hall will seat from 600 to 700 people, building of brick, and one among the fine blocks of the city.

Music Hall

This building is located on the corner of Main and Plum streets. It was erected in 1867, by a company consisting of T. B. Sheldon, J. M. Hodgman and the First National Banking Association, at a cost of $35,000. The building is 40x60, three stories in height, and is occupied below by the First National Bank, and two stores. The second floor is fitted up for offices. The hall, on the third floor, is capable of seating between 600 and 700 people. This structure is of brick, built in a substantial manner, and is one of the best in the city.

Red Wing Building Association

This organization went into effect April 7, 1877, to continue eighteen years. The amount of capital stock of the corporation was fixed at $200,000, divided into four thousand shares of $50 each, to be paid in monthly installments of twenty cents per share. Such corporation to go into operation and transact business whenever $25,000 of said stock shall have been subscribed. The highest amount of indebtedness the corporation may at any time incur shall not exceed $1,000.

Wing, March 6, 1877, in presence of Charles E. Hinds and W. H. Putnam. First regular election of directors was held on the first Saturday of April, 1878, at seven and a half o'clock p. m.

An annual meeting of the stockholders shall be held on the first Saturday of each year, commencing in 1878, to elect a boai'd of directors for the ensuing year, and to transact any other business of the association. There shall be no special meetings unless called by at least five directors, and notice thereof be previously given by the secretary, in such manner as the by-laws may direct.

At any and all regular meetings the stockholders shall have the power to pass by-laws defining the duties of the officers of the association, for the imposing of reasonable fines, assessments and dues upon its members, regulating the subscription upon the issue and transfer of stock, management and investment of its funds, loans to members, and the general regulation of the business of the corporation.

This association is already in a flourishing condition, and it has become one of the very popular and well managed enterprises of the city. Its members are all men of standing in the business circles of Red Wing.

Red Wing Ferry

This enterprise is owned and operated by James W. Day, and it really is one of the most useful pieces of property in this part of the State. Early and late, spring, summer and autumn, it does duty between the two States, just kissing the borders of each and bearing back and forth the olive branch of peace. A large amount of business is carried on with the ferry for a medium between Minnesota and Wisconsin, and thousands of people pass to and fro across the great river on this peculiar craft. The channel where the boat plies is 820 feet across at low water mark, but about 1,000 feet of wire cable is used in operating the ferry. Beyond the island Mr. Day operates another ferry across the other channel, or slough, as it is commonly called. The latter is not as wide by about 200 feet.

In 1877-8 Mr. Day built the "Robert Harris," a small steamer of thirty-seven tons burden. She is a snug little coaster, costing $3,500, and is designed for excursions and a coasting trade on these upper waters. The Robert Harris is a busy little body, light draft, easily handled, and she is not only ornamental but a useful carrier between these river towns.

Red Wing And Trenton Transit Company

This company was organized with a view of bridging the channel beyond the island, commonly called " the slough," on the Wisconsin side of the river. The association is composed of citizens of Red Wing, and their object is to make the industrial interests of the other side more accessible to the market and mercantile interests of their city. With the completion of the bridge it is designed to establish a free ferry across the main channel, next to Minnesota side, thus making it a free highway between the two States, and thereby establishing closer commercial relations.

At an election held last spring, the city of Red Wing voted bonds to the amount of $25,000, to aid in the work, and the enterprise is now virtually in the hands of the city. All the way across the island a heavy embankment is to be thrown up for the roadway, in order to bring it above high water mark. According to profile, the length of the road across the island is 8,700 feet, requiring 49,488 cubic yards of embankment in its construction. There are to be ten pile bridges along the road between the two channels, to allow the escape of the overflow; four of 64 feet, three of 96 feet, two of 144 feet, and one of 480 feet ; an aggregate of 1,312 feet of dry land bridges.

The bridge across the back channel will be 496 feet in length, resting on nine bents of piles, consisting of two rows of five piles each. There is also to be an ice break above each pier of six piles, driven in a cluster and securely bolted.

The superstructure is to be a lattice bridge of eight spans, 62 feet to the span. It is designed to have the embankment and pile bridges completed by the 15th of December next, and the bridge across the channel by the 15th of March, 1879. An approximate estimate places the aggregate cost at less than $20,000 ; the contract has already been let and the work is in progress.

Railroad Statistics

E. F. Dodge, Esq., agent of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad, at Red Wing, furnishes us the following statistics of the shipments over that road from his station for 1876 :

Beginning with August 1, 1877, and ending with July 31, 1878 : Wheat, 35,606,210 pounds ; flour, 53,699,120 pounds; 268,495.6 barrels of 200 pounds each. Allowing five bushels of wheat to the barrel of flour, as computed by the millers, the wheat turned into flour amounts to 80,548,680 pounds, which added to the wheat shipments as given above, increases the grand aggregate to 116,154,890 pounds; counting the wheat and flour as all wheat, 300 pounds of wheat to a barrel of flour, we have in round numbers the same as nearly 2,000,000 bushels of wheat shipped by rail during the crop season of 1877, to say nothing of the large amount taken away by water.

The books at the railroad office for the calendar year, beginning with January 1, 1877, and ending December 31, 1877, inclusive, show the total amount of freights shipped to be 56,002,088 pounds. Beginning with January 1, 1878, and concluding with July 31, 1878, inclusive, the shipments were 73,873,310 pounds, an average of over twenty cars daily of 20,000 pounds to the car for the entire seven months, allowing twenty-six working days to the month.

The first sale of government lands in Goodhue county occurred at the U. S. land office, at Red Wing, on the 29th of August, 1855. The sale was opened in a frame building that then stood on Main street, at the corner of what is now Potter street. William Le Due, of Hastings, now U. S. Commissioner of Agriculture, was the auctioneer.

At that time there was a Claim Association, or combination of settlers, formed to protect each other from land sharks and speculators. David Hancock was president of the association; P. Sandford was secretary, and Rezin Spates was assistant secretary. Royal Lovel was appointed by the settlers to represent them, stand close by the auctioneer and bid in the lands to which they respectively laid claim. Mr. Lovel had a written description of every tract of land claimed, and when the number and description of the land was called off by the representatives of the government, it was bid in for the claimant by Mr. Lovel, who stood close to the auctioneer, and the settlers stood pretty close to Mr. Lovel, ready to back him up, if occasion required. A large number of land speculators and capitalists were here to attend the sale, and take advantage of such opportunities as offered for "- picking up " choice tracts of land, whether claimed or not. They found out, however, that the settlers were not only on the alert, but banded together for mutual protection and very determined. They finally concluded it would not be healthy to bid against the settlers, and abandoned the field.

Miscellaneous Notes

In 1857 the United States postoffice department awarded the following mail contracts, which were the first to be established from Red Wing, (the old route between Prairie du Ohien and St. Paul, along the course of the Mississippi River, which made Red Wing a point, excepted :)

On the 18th of September, 1878, Sheriff H. H. Schell, of Cerro Gordo county, Iowa, arrived in Red Wing, in pursuit of a white man named Mueller, who it was alleged had committed a crime on a colored girl, in Floyd county, Iowa. The man was arrested in Wisconsin on a requisition from the Governor of that State, and brought into the city of Red Wing on his return to Iowa.

Zebulon Pike, who was a son-in-law of Gen. Harrison, visited Red Wing in 1806, and found the Indian chief Red Wing and his tribe, already here. In a report he gives a description of Barn Bluff. Red Wing died here about 1806. The Indian name of Red Wing was Proymueche, or Mountain-in-the-water.

A grave opened on Main street, near Chas. Betcher's lumber yard, disclosed a medal on which was the head of President Jefferson, which is now owned by Mrs. Frank Sterritt, of Red Wing, bearing date 1806. Col. Colvill believes this medal was given Red Wing by Capt. Pike, on the occasion of his visit here, as it is stated in his report that he promised the Indians medals.

Walking Buffalo was the son of Red Wing, and succeeded him as chief; he married the daughter of an English trader; he died about 1825. Wacoota, the son of Walking Buffalo, succeeded his father as chief; but as he was not pure Indian blood, his mother being an English woman, many of his tribe became dissatisfied, hence the cause of his removal, with a portion of his tribe, to what is now Wacoota. He

The first settlers in this township were Andrew Catter, John Lesson, Mathew Streeter, James Shaw, John Bronson, a widow named Wright and her family, Leland Jones, Rev. Norris Hobart and three brothers, John Reson and Charles Spates, in the summer of 1854. Rev. R. Spates looked over the ground, however, the fall before, 1853, but the real settlers did not arrive until the following summer. In the spring of 1855, John E. Eggleston, Joseph Eggleston and family, Willard and Kingsley Wood, Marshall Cutter and several others, came in and took claims in various parts of the township.

At the time the town was organized, 1858, it was named Spring Creek, but in 1859 it was changed to Milton, owing to there being another place and post office of that name in the State. The same trouble existed in regard to this last name, and in 1862 it was again changed to the name it now bears, " Burnside." In 1864, the township was divided, and the western portion called Grant, thus honoring the two with appellations taken from those generals whose names at that time were high on the role of military achievements at the head of the federal armies.

In 1856, Messrs. Sterns and Hobart built a flouring mill, on Spring Creek, about three and a half miles from Red Wing, in the southern portion of the township.

The first Methodist service held in the township was by Rev. G. W. T. Wright, at the house of his mother, Mrs. Amelia Wright, in May, 1855. The persons that formed the class at that time were the follow- ing: Reson Spates, Margaret Spates, Justin Chamberlain, Maria Chamberlain, John Leason, Mary Leason, Amelia Wright, Mary F. Wright, James A. Wright, Wm. H. Wright, Beverly M. Wright, Samuel F. Hardy and Mary Hardy. Charley Spates, son of Reson Spates, was the first child born in the township.

Spring Creek Mill

This flouring mill was built in 1856. It is a wood structure, main building two stories in height, 30x58 feet, with two wings, one 25x50, and the other 20x25.

It contains three run of stone, two for wheat and one for middlings. The mill is provided with the middlings purifier system, and the motor is water. Its capacity is 65,000 bushels annually. The building is a frame structure, four stories in height, and it enjoys a water power of great natural advantages with a fall of thirty feet, confined between high and narrow bluffs that renders the location a privilege of more than ordinary worth for milling purposes. The building was put up by "W. W. Phelps, and owned and operated by him for a time, when it was sold to William Featherstone, who owned it up to the time the present proprietor, M. Herschler, came in possession, 1875.

County Poor Farm

The farm for the support of the poor is located in this township, about three miles from the city of Red Wing, on the Hastings and St. Paul road. It contains 183 acres. The buildings were erected in 1867, at a cost of about $6,000. A furnace for warming the apartments was constructed, costing nearly $1,000, and furniture costing not far from $3,000, was put into the house. It is now in charge of S. E. Eastlund. A large number of indigent persons, mostly aged people and children, are cared for annually.

This township, located in the extreme northern part of the county, was among the last to be secured by the early settlers. Although claims were made in 1855-6, they were soon abandoned for the deserted homesteads in the south part of the county. These opportunities were eagerly watched by the temporary pioneers of this township, and not until 1857 and '58 was a permanent settlement made. These changes were so common, that it is impossible to trace out the first claim that was secured. Many of them returned to their native State, while others sought new fields. Among those of the early pioneers of this township and county is William Boothroyd, a native of England, who settled in Red Wing in 1851, where he resided until 1858; settled in this township in 1866, and on his present estate, being the largest landholder in the town. Among those who have been most prominently identified with the interests of the town and county is Hon. N. C. Crandall, the only American resident of the township who settled in Dakota county in 1861. In the fall of 1869 he came to this county and settled on his present estate. Has been justice of the peace three years, and is township clerk at the present time. He represented this district in the last legislature, and has always taken a deep interest in the welfare of the town and county. Among others of the early settlers is E. W. Carver, Michael Henry, John Bloom, Gohcham Esta, D. O. Swanson and others, to whom much credit is due to their interest in the growth and development of the township.

This township is located in the extreme northwestern portion of the county. It is bounded on the north by Cannon River; on the east by Cannon Falls township ; south by Warsaw ; and west by Sciota, in Dakota county. In the early days the territory was called Prairie Creek, subsequently organized into the township of Lillian. It is not a full-sized government township, being only four section deep from north to south, and the usual six sections the other way. The Cannon River affords a magnificent water power, presenting a succession of falls, or more properly rapids, not excelled by any similar stream in the Northwest.

Prairie Creek flows through the ceptre of the township, and on the east the Little Cannon, and there are besides numerous springs and smaller streams.

The first settlement was made in 1855, by a party of emigrants from Dodge county, Wisconsin, consisting of Wm. Stanton, sen., John Stanton, Norman Daniels, Robert Deakin, Wm. Stanton, jr.. Samuel Daniels, George Gould and others. These men with their families located claims near the southwest corner of the township, and the settlement was called Stanton in honor of the oldest settler, Mr. Wm. Stanton, senior. This section of country is a beautiful valley, surrounded by high lands, rendering the place picturesque in the extreme, full of native beauty and marvelous scenic loveliness.

In the fall of 1855, Mr. George Gould was married to a daughter of Samuel Daniels, being the first marriage celebrated in the township. In 1856, their first child was born, being the first child born in the township. In the fall of the same year Peter Fagan, and Hugh Woden, with his father and two sisters, came to the settlement and made claims. Of the latter family, all have since died.

Late in the fall of 1854, John and George Seasons, with their families, settled on the Little Cannon. Alonzo and Jonathan Dipple and William Thomas came about the same time. The wife of George Seasons died the following winter, the first death that took place in the township.

At the house of William Stanton, the first religious service was held, Rev. J. W. Hancock officiating. William Cleveland taught the first school at the little village of Stanton.

In 1862 Robert Deakin was elected clerk of the court, re-elected in 1866 ; was elected probate judge in 1864, re-elected in 1866 and in 1868.

Subsequently the township was re-christened and now bears the title of Stanton. The appellation may be more appropriate in honor of the early settlers of that name, but " Lillian " is the more fluent and poetical term.

In the summer of 1874, the Methodists erected a very cosy and pretty church building on section 32. It is 28x44 feet and cost $2,000. Services are held quite regularly by Rev. Ezra Tucker.

Oxford Methodist Church

This church building stands on section 36. It was completed in June, 1873 ; size, 26x40 feet. The first sermon was preached in the new structure, Oct. 1873, by the Rev. Ezra Tucker, he supplying both churches. The township is liberally supplied with churches and schools, and well tilled farms and elegant farm houses greet the eye all over the township. .

Oxford Flouring Mill

This valuable enterprise is located on section 25, Little Cannon River. It was erected by the Archibalds & Wilcox in 1867, and put in operation in the fall of the same year. It is 30x70 feet and contains four run of stone. Its capacity is 70,000 bushels per annum.

mill 44x56. Much of the machinery from the old mill was substituted for the new enterprise. It was completed and put in operation in the fall of 1878, and is one among the very excellent mills of the county.

Derived its name from the Big Cannon River. The first settler was Edway Sto.ughton. Charles Parks soon followed, settling in the village of Cannon Falls, July, 1854. The first birth was Ellen Hartry, born Oct., 1855. The first death was David MeKune, August, 1855. Robert Fotherby and Miss Sarah Strange, were the first couple married who were residents of the township. Charles Parks officiating.

Cannon Falls Village

Incorporated March 10, 1857. The first election was held first Wednesday in May, 1857. The first officers elected under the charter were, Charles Parks, president; William P. "Tanner, recorder.

Where a portion of the village now stands, James McGinnis pre-empted lots 1, 2, 5 and 6, sec. 18, in Nov., 1854. March, 1855, Warren Hunt took a claim, ne. qr. of sec. 18, adjoining McGinnis on the east. The same spring, Richard Freeborn, jr., pre-empted lots 3 and 4, sec. 18, west of the McGinnis claim. In May, 1855, William Colvill pre-empted lots 7, 8 and 9, sec. 18, south of the McGinnis claim. Benjamin St. Clair took lots 7, 8 and 12, sec. 7, north of the McGinnis claim, the same spring. June, 1855, William P. Schofield pre-empted lots 9, 10 and 11, sec. 7, northwest from the McGinnis claim. The same month Hugh Montgomery took the se. qr. of sec. 18, east of the McGinnis claim. June, 1855, Frank Clark entered lots 10 and 11, sec. 18, south of the Colvill claim. William B. Barton pre-empted the se*. qr. of sec. 7, ne. of the McGinnis claim, fall of 1855.

The village proper was laid out August 27, 1855, by Richard and William Freeborn, on section 18, including a portion of the claims of McGinnis, Richard Freeborn and William Colvill. It was surveyed and platted by S. A. Hart, county surveyor.

October 16, 1856, the Cannon Falls city addition was platted, which included all the Hunt and Barton claims. The Cannon Falls central addition was made December 13, 1856, including a part of the Richard Freeborn claim.

Cannon Falls Company's addition was made May 18, 1858, including a part of the William P. Schofield claim. St. Charles Terre Haute addition was made soon after, including a part of the St. Clair claim.

William Freeborn built the first dwelling house in the spring of 1855. It was a log cabin built on mill block No. 3, or on the bank of the Little Cannon near the falls. It was pulled down some ten years ago.

Richard Elton built the first store building, September, 1855, on lot 4, block 36. Eli Ellsworth kept the first store, and in this same building.

School Houses

The first public school house was built on block 21, in the village proper, in 1857. It is 28x38, two stories high. An addition of the same size was built in 1875.

Present teachers: A. E. Engstrom, principal; Miss Kate' Tanner, first intermediate ; Miss Ida L. Mallett, second intermediate ; Miss Cora Schofield, primary.

The second school building was erected in 1875, on lot 4, block 2, north side, Goodhue's addition, smaller than the first building. There was an addition built to it in 1877.

The first mill was built by R. C. Knox & Co., in 1867, block 51, in Cannon Falls city addition. It was a frame structure, 45x50, containing four run of stone. The entire building when completed cost $14,000, with a capacity of 100,000 bushels of wheat per annum. It was carried away by a flood June, 1867. Mrs. Cornelia Grosvener rebuilt it in 1867. It is 50x60, four stories, containing eight run of stone, five for wheat

Little Cannon Mill

Is a stone structure two stories above basement, 50x70, built in 1857. It was not used until 1861, when machinery for the manufacture of woolen goods was put into it, and operated as such until 1875, when it was converted into a grist mill, with four run of stone for wheat, and two for feed.

Goodhue Mill

Built in 1870, and is 45x60, three stories high, a frame structure. It has eight run of stone, five for wheat and three for middlings. They use the middlings purifier. The mill was built by Gardner and More, and operated by them until September 1, 1878, when it was sold to Stephen Gardner, of Hastings. They use the Eclipse water wheels, five in number. Capacity of mill, 250 barrels per day.

Bank Of Cannon Falls First National Bank

Established June 10, 1878. Authorized capital, $200,000. Paid up capital, $50,000. Stephen Gardner, of Hastings, president ; W. P. Tanner, vice president ; L. S. Follett, Hastings, cashier, and L. W. Follett, assistant cashier and manager.

The First Congregational Church Of Cannon Falls

Was organized July 31, 1856, at the school house. Rev. R. Hall, of the American Missionary society, preached on that occasion, assisted by a resident pastor, J. R. Barnes.

At a meeting held in January, 1857, S. Munson was chosen treasurer in place of Luther Scofield, resigned. At a meeting held for that purpose January 31,1857, Sherman Hale, J. E. Chapman and Eli Ellsworth were elected trustees. April, 1862, Rev. John N. Williams was called as a regular pastor, but resigned in 1864, and Rev. J. R. Barnes acted as pastor. March 28, 1866, re-organized under the State law, and entitled the First Congregational Church of Cannon Falls. The trustees were S. L. Chapman, W. H. Schofield and Sherman Hale. Under the administration of these trustees the present church edifice was erected and completed in 1868. Its size is 35x48 and cost $3,000. It was dedicated by Rev. E. S. Williams, of Northfield, January, 2, 1868. September 23, 1867, Rev. E. W. Merrill was called, and chosen February 23, 1870. September 3, 1874, Rev. C. A. Ruddock was the acting pastor, which position he held until September 3, 1877. B. Fay Mills was pastor for a short time. No pastor in charge now.

Episcopal Church Parish Of The Church Of The Redeemer

This church was the outgrowth of the labor of Rev. Timothy Wilcoxson, who walked all the way from Hastings, Minn., a distance of nineteen miles, preaching a sermon in a small frame house of William P. Tanner, Nov. 3, 1857. At that time there were only four communicants, as follows : Mrs. William P. Tanner, Mrs. A. E. West, Miss H. A. Love and Mrs. J. D. Wheat. Rev. Wilcoxson continued holding monthly services until September, 1865, when the Rev. S. S. Burlson, of Northfield, took charge until June 24, 1866. February 20, 1866, a meeting was held at the school house, when it was arranged to build a stone church. The building committee were elected as follows : J. E. Chapman, Eli Ellsworth, J. D. Wheat, J. D. Jennings and W. P. Tanner. This committee solicited subscriptions, and bought lots 3, 4 and 5, block 34, in Cannon Falls. The building was begun in February 28, 1866. The parish was

The corner stone of the church was laid June 28, 1866, by Bishop H. B. Whipple ; Rev. S. S. Burlson assisting. The stone was laid on the northeast corner, containing a copper box, in which was deposited a New Testament, prayer-book, and the usual newspapers and specimens of coin. The edifice was completed March, 1867. First services were held on the last Sunday in March, 1867, Rev. S. S. Burlson, officiating. The communicants at this time numbered fifteen. In February, 1867, a call was extended to Rev. S. S. Burlson to become the rector, but he declined. Rev. G.W.Dunbar, of New Berlin, N.Y., was called, and took charge as rector on Easter day, 1867. Wednesday, May 1, 1867, the church was consecrated by Bishop H. B. Whipple. The cost of the church as reported, including lots and furniture, was $3,577.86, of which $930.70 was raised outside the parish.

Dec. 11, 1870, Rev. G. W. Dunbar, resigned, and Mr. J. D. Wheat (now deceased,) a parishioner, conducted the services until June, 1872, when the Rev. William John Carley was called, but he resigned in 1875. Again Mr. Wheat conducted the services, until July, 1877, when the Rev. F.J. Tassell was called, and is the present pastor. The church membership is seventy -fi ve ; average attendance at Sabbath School, thirty, with the pastor as superintendent. In 1877 they built a rectory, at a cost of $1,300.

Present officers : Eli Ellsworth and F. D. Barlow, wardens ; Charles Moore, Alonzo Dibble, J. E. Chapman, James H. Abbott and W. P. Tanner, vestrymen ; W. P. Tanner, treasurer and secretary.

Biographical. - Rev. F. J. Tassell was born in the county of Kent, England, Jan. 12, 1841. Received his primary education in his native country. Emigrated to Hawley, Clay county, Minnesota, Sept. 1872. Studied for the ministry at Seabury Divinity School (Bishop Whipple's,) at Faribault, Minn. Was ordained deacon June 17, 1877, and priest May 29, 1878, by the bishop.

This church was organized in 1856. The society is building a neat little church this year. Owing to the absence of the pastor and no records being kept, it is impossible to give such a sketch of this church as it deserves. The present pastor is Ezra Tucker.

Catholic Church

Father McMahon preached the first sermon about 1856. The church was organized in June, 1864, with five members. The corner stone of the church was laid that year, but it was not completed until June, 1866. It is a stone structure of about 25x40. Father Carey, pastor. We are indebted to Mrs. Anna Hartery for this sketch, as no one else could be found to give any information.

Was established May 11, 1857, by Rev. E. Norelius. First membership : Andrew Swanson, Nels Hawkinson, Gustof Anderson, A. P. Johnson, Andrew Lindstrom, C. F. Johnson, Magnus Nelson, John Peterson, Jacob Anderson, Magnus Lundell, August Peterson, Swan Nelson, Gustof Johnson, Olof Ostberg, Jon Johnson and Jonas Engberg, jr.

Engberg was also treasurer. A resolution to build a church was car. ried, and subscriptions to the amount of $465 was raised. At a meeting held June 8, 1857, they arranged plans to build a frame church, 30x40, eighteen feet high, with tower. Andrew Lindstrom laid the foundation in June, 1857, but the church was never completed. This congregation, in 1862, built a church in the township on section 3, 20x26, which was used until the summer of 1878, when they built a frame church on section 1, 36x60, with tower, at an estimated cost of $4,000. A. Wahlin is the pastor.

A story is related by Mr. G. Westman that during the year 1858 they were to have the Lord's supper administered, and a collection was taken up and a bottle of wine procured. On the morning of that eventful Sabbath the wine was to be brought from the south side of the Little Cannon to the north side. The river being high, the seven members residing on the south side were to be taken over in a skiff, as well as the wine. When they reached the middle of the stream the boat was upset. With the assistance of the people on either shore they were all saved, except old Mrs. Angberg, who was found several months after eight or nine miles down the stream. It is needless to say the wine was lost.

St. Ansgar'S Evangelical Lutheran Church

Rev. P. A. Cederstam. First members : G. Westman, A. P. Johnson, John Matson, Gustof Bergman, Magnus Anderson, John Anderson, Gustof Wedestrom, John Beck, Otto Johnson, A. W. Carlson, Lewis Larson, C. Jackson, C. P. Swanson, John Moline, Gustof Thumberg and Swan Widholm.

At a meeting held February 17, 1872, it was resolved to build a frame church. This structure is 34x50, 18 feet posts. It was commenced in the spring of 1872, and completed the same year. Its cost with the addition built in 1874, including furniture, was $3,000.

The deacons were : A. P. Benson, G. Westman, S. A. Renquest, 0. Wold, J. Johnson, John Nelson, Swan Nelson, Peter Shallgreen and Lewis Lawson. John Donaldson, treasurer, and G. Westman, secretary. The membership is 300. Average attendance at Sabbath School fifty, with C. Wald, superintendent.

Biographical. - Rev. A. Wahlin was born in Sweden, September 20, 1841 ; emigrated to Clayton county, Iowa, in 1868. In 1870 he moved to Douglas county, Minn., and came to Cannon Falls June 15, 1876.

Secret Societies Oriental Lodge No. 31, A. F. And A. M.

Organized June 26, 1860. Worked under dispensation until October 24, 1860, at which time received charter. Meets first and third Saturdays in each month. In 1861, they purchased two lots and a building on the north side of Little Cannon River, which was fitted up for a lodge room.

Valley Encampment No. 11

Officers : M. E. Henderson, C. P. ; Lyman K. Ayrault, H. P. ; Geo. Manning, S. W. ; Orrin Gilchrist, J. W. ; E. L. Clark, Scribe ; G. W.Neff, Treas. At this meeting there were five initiations. Present membership, twenty-three.

Scandinavian Benevolent Society

Trustees: John Danielson, 0. G. Rydell, and P. Flygare. Meet first Friday of each month. Admission fee was $2, but was reduced to fifty cents, and then to twenty-five cents.

Present officers : G. Westman, president; C. P. Swanson, vice-president; P. A. Peterson, secretary; and John Danielson, treasurer; J. Johnson, Charles Lund, and Swan Hanson, trustees.

Established in 1855. The following persons have been postmasters : George McKenzie, Eli Ellsworth, George L. Baker, A. J. Phelps, J. E. Chapman, F. D. Barlow, and W. H. Scofield. The last appointed March 4, 1869. The money order system was established August 8, 1871. The number of money orders issued, 7,198.

Falls House

Charles Parks, in the fall of 1854, built a log hotel 16x24, giving it the name of the Falls House, and sold it to Andras Durand, in April, 1855, who built an addition, 16x24, April, 1855. These buildings were in front of where the hotel now stands. In the fall of 1856, a part of the present house was built, being 30x40, two stories. In the spring of 1858, it was sold to Edward J. Turner, who rented it to Benj. Van Campen, who was its proprietor for ten years. Subsequently it was rented to Col. Williams, Sole Slosson, John English and others. Sept. 18, 1871, D. L. Davis took charge of it, he having purchased the property as early as Sept. 19, 1866. In the fall of 1873, Mr. Davis sold it to Peter Gravlin, who kept the house until 1875, when Mr. Davis again came in possession of the house, and has since been its proprietor. He has refitted the building, and in the spring of 1872, made an addition, 14x22 feet.

Exchange House

This house was built by Peter Gravlin and Christopher Benway, in the fall of 1866. Benway sold it the following spring to Charles Brown, and the house was run by Gravlin and Brown as the " New England

House/' They sold out to John Williams, in 1874, and he to Helstrum and Riddell. David Piatt, in June, 1875, bought it and changed the name as above. He is the present proprietor.