Buchanan County, Missouri - Chapter 28: Reminiscences, 1904 (part 3 of 18)

On November 5, 1868, Mr. Judson was married to Emilie C. Carpenter of St. Joseph, Missouri, and they had four children : Emilv, wife of Charles Rochl, of St. Joseph ; Dora, wife of Romulus E. Culver, of St. Joseph ; Winslow, a rising young business man of St. Joseph ; and Eliza, wife of Robert H. McCord, a prominent business man of Kansas Cit\-, and a son of James McCord, one of the wealthy pioneer wholesale merchants of St. Joseph.

In politics, Pvlr. Judson was identified with the Democratic party, but as he was a man of many business responsibilities he could take no active part in political afifairs. He was prominent in the .Masonic bodies, belonging to the Knights Templar and to other branches. St. Joseph will ever remain indebted to Winslow Judson. One man in a thousand could have accomplished so much in comparatively so short a time. His individual enterprise aroused the emulation not only of other individuals, but of corporations and the city was duly benefited. He was a man of genial presence, of many social gifts and sterling qualities, and his generous charities made his death a loss to those who had only known him as their benefactor.

ON. JAMES C. ROBERTS, one of the prominent men to whom Buchanan County must ever be indebted, a farmer, lawyer and statesman, whose great abilities were for years directed in the county's interests, passed out of life at his home in Washington townshijx on /\pril 4, 1885. He was born January 19, 1831, in Davidson County, Tennessee, and was a son of Hon. William and Sarah (Chowning) Roberts.

Judge William Roberts, father of the late James C. Roberts, was born in Connecticut in 1800, and became a resident of Tennessee as early as 18 1 8. He became a very prominent man in Davidson County : he was a farmer on a broad scale and owncrl large and valuable estates. He married Sarah Chowning, who was born in Tennessee, and they reared nine children, five of whom' still survive. They spent most of their lives in Davidson County and were among its most esteemed citizens. About i860 they removed to St. Joseph, Missouri, where they lived the remainder of their lives. Judge Roberts died in 1889, while on a visit to his daughter in Nashville, Tennessee. He took an active interest in politics and served as county judge of Buchanan County. He was a Democrat.

James C. Roberts was reared to young manhood on his father's farm, enjoying the educational advantages of the local schools, and then entered Franklin College, in Davidson County, Tennessee, from which institution he was graduated with the class of 1850. His choice of profession being the law, he entered upon its study in the office of John A. McEwen, of Nashville, and was admitted to the bar in that city in 1853. When prepared to open an office of his own, Mr. Roberts removed to Dover, which is now known as Fort Donelson, and there engaged in the practice of his profession.

In 1855, Mr. Roberts came to Buchanan County, Missouri, and located upon a beautiful farm in section i, Washington township, where he remained occupied with agricultural pursuits for several years. After this rest, he removed to St. Joseph, and returned with new zest to his profession, and actively engaged in legal work and controversies until 1860. A man of his education and intelligence could not be other than prominent in the public afifairs of his country, particularly in such stirring times as were those of the early "sixties." Always a stanch Democrat, he was the choice of his party to represent Buchanan County in the Missouri State Legislature. That body was disorganized in the following year by Governor Jackson, and. as Mr. Roberts was a Southern sympathizer, he was disfranchised. After a visit of three months in his native State, he returned to St. Joseph, but in the smnmer following again spent some months in Tennessee, returning, however, to his former home in St. Joseph. During his short legislative career, he gave evidence of his capacity as a statesman, his speech in i86t in favor of a State convention being one of the noted efiforts of his life. As long as he lived, he was more or less in the public eye, and in 1875 he was elected a member of the constitutional convention, which met at Jefiferson Citv, with which body he sat until its work was finished. In 1876 he was prominently mentioned as a candidate for Congress. A man of high attainments, a master of Greek, Latin and the English tongue, witty and profound, a writer and a statesman, he was eminently fjuolificd f(^r any position to which his fellow citizens could have called him. The troubled times were partly accountable for checking- a career, which held every promise of reaching to the highest offices of his profession and of political life.

On October 28, 1855, IMr. Roberts was united in marriage with Margaret Cornelia Ingram, who was born July 16, 1833, ^^ Dover, Tennessee, and was educated at the Clarksville Female Seminary and the Nashville Female Academy. She is a daughter of Jesse C. and Margaret (Kav) In,^ram. Her mother was born in Virginia in 1814 and died July 3, 1835. The father of Mrs. Roberts was born in South Carolina. November II, 1806. and died January 21, 1872, at the home of his daughter, with whom he had resided since 185 1. He was a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Mrs. Ingram was a member of the Baptist Church from her youth. Mr. and Mrs. Ingram lived in Tennessee for many years and -were among the most highly regarded residents of Dover.

Mr. and Mrs. Roberts had five children, the four who survived infancy being Jesse I.. James C, Frank K. and Charles W. Jesse I. Roberts is vice-president and J. H. Parker, Jr., is secretary and treasurer of the great wholesale grocery house of the Roberts-Parker Mercantile Company, which was established January i, 1903, and was formerly known as the George A. Kennard Grocery Company. Mr. Parker of this firm is a son-in-law of the late James ]McCord. Jesse I. Roberts married Eva M. Donovan, who is a daughter of the late John Donovan, of St. Joseph, a sketch of whom will be found in this volume. They have three children, and reside at No. 1029 Faraon street. James C. Roberts, whose death occurred on April 6, 1903, was discount teller of The First National Rank of St. Joseph, Missouri. He married Anna L. Van, who survives him. Frank K. Roberts is a city official ; he married Melissa Hayward, has one son and resides at No. 310 South 17th street. Charles W. Roberts married Effie Hall and they have two children and reside on the old homestead one mile east of the city of St. Joseph.

The late Mr. Roberts was prominent in all local afifairs looking to the development of citv and county. He served as president of the board of managers of the State Hospital for Insane. No. 2. and was active in the organization of the State Grange. He left a valuable estate comprising city propertv, included in which was the present site of the Free Public Library. Fraternally, he was a Royal Arch Mason and as such was widely known all over the State. His death was unexpected for he was in the enjoyment of good health, and thus his loss both to family and community was deeply felt. His memory will be kept green both in the records of his public acts and in the hearts of those who knew his true worth.

OHN F. RAPP, one of the well-known citizens and successful farmers and stock-raisers of Marion township, Buchanan County, who resides on his well cultivated farm of 153 acres, belongs to one of the old pioneer families of this neighborhood. He was born June 3. 1848, on the old Rapp homestead in Marion township, and is* a son of George and Elizabeth (Schneider) Rapp.

The father of Mr. Rapp was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, and came to America in young manhood, locating in Ohio. He wc^ first married there to a Miss Richards, wlio died in Marion township, Buchanan County, leaving two children : Joseph, who is a farmer in Oklahoma ; and Benjamin, who died in 1877. His second married was to Elizabeth Schneider, who was born in Maryland but was reared in Stark County, Ohio. She died February 22, 1896. Our subject was the eldest child of the second marriage, the others being Christian and Mathew, both of whom are deceased ; Frederick, of St. Joseph ; and Henry and Bettie Ann, both deceased.

George Rapp came to Marion township, Buchanan County, among the early pioneers, settling on a farm in 1847. I" 1^49 he joined the great army which crossed the jilains to California, in search of gold, and made the trip overland with an ox team. While he was gone, his wife took care of home afifairs and when he returned a year and a half later, he resumed farming, which he continued all his active life, and died in April. 1891. He was one of the township's respected citizens, held local offices and supported the schools and churches. He was one of the leading members of the Evangelical Church at Stockbridge. Politically, he was a Republican.

Our subject, John F. Rapp, obtained his education in the local schools, and worked for his father until his marriage. In 1876 he bought his present valualile farm, although at that time it was but a wild tract of land, covered with tim- ber and brusli. The clearing-, cultivating and improving of this large body of land required many years of great effort. It is now one of the fine farms of the township. Mr. Rapp carries on a general line of farming, raising wheat, corn, oats and hay and devoting much care and attention to the improvement of his stock, developing fine specimens of Shorthorn cattle, Essex hogs and mules and horses. He has always been an industrious farmer and justly deserves his present state of prosperity.

On March 19, 1874, Mr. Rapp married Elizabeth Miller, who was born October 27, 1849, i" Stark County. Ohio, and is a daughter of Jonathan Miller, who removed from Ohio, to Iowa, in 1869, S"<J to Buchanan County, Missouri, in 1872. He settled at Easton where he followed his trade of blacksmith.

HARLES H. JONES, one of the prominent farmers and stock-raisers of Crawford township, Buchanan County, occupying a beautiful residence in section 26 and owning 340 acres of finely improved, cultivated land, was born in 1871 in Wayne townshi]), Buchanan County, Missouri, and is a son of Levi and Bettie (Wells) Jones.

The Jones family has beeen known in Buchanan County for more than 60 years, its founders coming here in 1840. Our subject's paternal grandfather, William Jones, was born in Kentucky and was six years old when he accompanied his parents to Ohio, where he lived until 1840. In that year he came to Buchanan County, driving across the country with his wife and children. Later he made two trips back to Ohio and then drove to Texas, where he engaged in farming for three years, owning slaves during this time. When he returned to Buchanan County and settled permanently, he entered 160 acres five miles south of St. Joseph, on which he built a one-story log cabin, with two rooms, Vvhich, although limited as to space, was warm and comfortable and served as the family home for years. Here he died in 1861, aged 64 years, leaving an estate of 600 acres. In religious belief he was a Baptist.

William Jones married Susan Marr, who was born in Virginia, and died in Buchanan County, in 1876, aged J"] years. They had 13 children : Levi, father of our subject ; James, who died aged 22 years; Mary (Mrs. Springer), deceased, who crossed the plains to California in 1852; Cynthia (Mrs. Robinson), who died in Buchanan County in 1852 ; Elizabeth, who died aged 20 years ; John, who resides on the old homestead ; Frank, who lives near the old homestead ; David, who died aged 35 years ; Charlotte, who is the widow of Charles McKinnis, of St. Joseph ; Thomas, who died aged 22 years; Eliza (iVlrs. Highsmith), who died in 1903 at St. Joseph ; Isabella, who is the wife of Joseph Cudmore, of St. Joseph ; and one that died in infancy.

Levi Jones, the father of our subject, was born in Athens County, Ohio, in 1830, and died at St. Joseph, Missouri, July 7, 1899, aged 69 years. He accompanied his ]xi rents to Buchanan County in 1840, and carried on agricultural enterprises until his death. He owned much real and personal property in the county, his real estate holdings including some 700 acres of land. Politically, he was identified with the Democratic party all his life. Levi Jones was married twice. To his first marriage, with Ella Foster, one child was born that only lived six months. His second marriage was to Bettie Wells, who was born in Platte County, Missouri, in 1845, ^"cl c^ied in 1878. She left two sons : Charles H., of this sketch ; and James, who is married and lives in Wayne township.

Charles H. Jones was seven years old when he was deprived of the tender care of his mother. He was educated in the district schools and reared in Wayne township until ])repared to enter upon a collegiate course at Shenandoah, Iowa. After creditably completing the course at that educational institution, Mr. Jones returned home and assisted his father in the management of the homestead farm. In 1898 he settled upon a fine farm of 160 acres in section 26, Crawford township, and he owns also 180 acres of valuable land known as the old Fieldand homestead, makuig altogether an estate of 340 acres. He is a very large stock-raiser and also deals extensively in cattle, hor.ses, mules and hogs. Mr. Jones is thoroughly up-to-date in conducting his enter- ])rises and is known for his success all over the county.

In 1898, Mr. Jones was married to Alpha M. Noble, who is a daugher of John D. and Lurana (Hurst) Noble, pioneer settlers of Crawford townshi]), whose property adjoins that of our subject on the south. Mr. and Mrs. Jones have two very bright little children : Levi David, aged five years, and Dietta May, aged two years. Air. Jones has just completed one of the most beautiful homes in the township. Its site is an eminence which commands the St. Joseph and Dearborn road and the view from its windows can scarcely be excelled. The timber used in its construction was cut and selected by our subject, who also helped in the actual building. The house, which cost $3,000 to build, is fitted with modern conveniences and furnished with an eye to the greatest comfort.

In politics, Mr. Jones has always supported the Democratic party and has been one of the active members of that great orgnaization in this locality. He has been no office seeker but has always held himself in readiness to do a citizen's duty. Personally, Mr. Jones is a man who commands the respect of all who know him. He is a loyal friend and good neighbor, honestly meets every business obligation and contributes to educational and progressive movements which promise to be for the general welfare.

ACOB GEIGER, M. D., a physician and surgeon of St. Joseph, whose portrait is shown on the opposite page, is one of the foremost surgeons in the West and at the present time confines his practice strictly to that branch of his profession.

Dr. Geiger was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, July 25. 1848, and is a son of Anton and Marie G. (Eberhart) Geiger, his father being a real estate dealer, and his mother the daughter of a miller. He came with his mother to America in a sailing vessel in 1856, locating in Illinois where two brothers had previously settled. In the spring of 18.^8 the entire family moved to P)rown County, Kansas, wliere the mother died the following November. Jacob then came to St. Joseph, Missouri, and worked for a dairyman until i860, when he went to Illinois, where he worked on a farm and attended school. Returning to St. Joseph in 1865, he entered his brother's grocery as a clerk and in 1866 was graduated from Bryant's Business College. He then worked as weighmaster for a time in a pork packing house, and in the meantime read medicine under the preceptorship of Dr. Galen E. Bishop, which he continued while clerking in a drug store. From 1868 to 1870 he ])racticed medicine, then entered the iMedical Department of the PTniversitv of Louisville, from which he was graduated in 1872. Returning to St. Joseph, he again engaged in general ]:)racticc until 1890, since which time he has made a specialty of surgery. The Doctor was one of the organizers of the St. Joseph Hospital Medical College, where he filled the chair of anatomy. In 1880 he helped organize the College of Physicians and Surgeons and after the consolidation of the two institutions in 1883 assumed the chair of surgery. He was also dean of the faculty until 1889, when the name of the college was changed to Ensworth in accordance with the terms of the bequest of Samuel Ensworth. Dr. Geiger is a life trustee of this institution. In 1890 he was one of the organizers of the Marion Sims Medical College at St. Louis, Missouri, at which time he was elected to the Chair of Surger\-, which position he still holds. He started the Medical Herald in 1887, is a member of numerous medical associations and has taken a keen interest in matters pertaining to the advancement of medical science.

In 1887 Dr. Geiger was united in marriage with Louise Kollatz, who was born in Atchison, Kansas, and is a daughter of William Kollatz, They reside at No. 1033 Faraon street, and his offices are in tlie Geiger Block, at No. 609-613 Francis street. Politically, he is a Republican, and served four years as an alderman. Fraternally, he is a Mason, while in religious attachment he is a Presbvterian.

LE O. STINSON, one of the large farmers and substantial men of Center township. Buchanan County, residin-g in section 2 and owning 530 acres of excellent land, is a native of a country which has 'contributed many worthy citizens to the United States. Mr. Stinson was born October 9, 1830, in the southern part of Norway, at Nedenes Amt Tvedestran i Holtsogn, and is a son of Ole and Ingeborg (Olson) Stinson.

Both parents of our subject were born in Norway, the father in I7()8 and the mother in 1799. The father was a farmer all his life and died at the home of our subject, while on a visit. The mother died in Doniphan County, Kansas, aged 75 years, in 1874, surviving her husband eight vears. Their children were: Annie, who married and died in Bn Avn County, Kansas ; Ole O., of this sketch : Thomas, who died in Doniphan County, Kansas : and Stean, who died in Buchanan County.

farming his father's land and making trips on a coasting mercantile vessel. In 1850 he accompanied his parents to America, the objective point being St. Joseph. Missouri. After landing at New York City, the whole subsequent trip was made by water, - up the Hudson, across the State by the Erie Canal, across the Great Lakes to the Illinois, down the Illinois to the Mississippi, over the Mississippi to the Missouri River, and then up the Missouri. The strange scenes presented to the litttle Norwegian family during this long and wearying voyage must have excited in their minds unusual and lively ideas as to what they would find at the journey's end. They remained in Buchanan County until the spring of 1860, when our sul)ject went to Brown Comity, Kansas, for a couple of years, having preempted a farm of 160 acres there in 1858. In 1863 he returned from Kansas, and has always lived in Buchanan County since that time. He located on his present farm in Center township, where he bought 160 acres ; his wife had inherited a good tract of land in section 2. This farm Mr. Stinson has iiuproved in many ways and has built one of the finest homes in the township.

In addition to the 365 acres in the home farm, Mr. Stinson owns a tract of 160 acres on Lake Contrary, situated in section 35, township 57, range 36. in Washington township. This land has been cleared through great industry and is probably one of the best cultivated and best generally improved places in the county. Mr. Stinson is a successful man and he deserves to be. He has been industrious and careful and has become independent entirely through his own efforts.

In i860, Mr. Stinson was married to Laura Nelson, who was born February 14, 1832. in Norway, near his own native place. She is a daughter of Peter and Carrie (Olson) Nelson, who with their family of six children, of whom Mrs. Stinson and Christina, the wife of Fred Weddle, of Buchanan County, are the only survivors, came to the United States in 1846. After one winter spent in New Orleans, they came to Buchanan County, Missouri, in 1847 a"<^l were among the earliest settlers in the county. They bought a claim of 800 acres of land, of which they cleared the greater part. Peter Nelson was a great hemp growler and also was a slaveholder. He died at the age of 90 and his wife died at the age of 81. They always resided in Buchanan County upon the one farm until their respective deaths. Mr. and J\Irs. Stinson have had five children, namely : Peter D., cashier of the Park Bank, of St. Joseph ; Kirby Orr, who died at the age of 21 years ; Airs. Kate S. Henderson, of St. Joseph ; Mrs. Emma Varner, of St. Joseph : and Ida Hannah, of St. Joseph.

Mr. and Mrs. Stinson are active members of the Lutheran Church. Politically, he is a Democrat, but has accepted no ofifices except those connected with the schools. He is one of the representative men of the township.

AMES GABBERT. one of the prominent retired farmers of Bloomington townshi]:», Buchanan County, was born in Bartholomew Comity. Indiana, April 18, 1830, and is a son of George Gabbert, and a grandson of George Gabbert, who came from Germany.

The father of James Gabbert was born in Virginia and became an early settler in Kentucky, and later was a pioneer in Indiana, one of the very first settlers in Bartholomew County. He owned and operated a farm there until 1847, when he came to Buchanan County, Missouri. Here he engaged in farming until the close of his life. He was the father of 1 1 children, of whom our subject is the only one living.

James Gabbert was reared on his father's farm in Missouri and was educated in the schools of the township, attending during the winter sessions and working the farm in the summers. In 1850, when 20 years of age, he joined a party bound for the gold fields of California, where he engaged in mining for one year and then returned to Missouri. In 1856 he settled in Leavenworth County, Kansas, where he remained until the spring of 1876 and then came to Buchanan County, purchasing the farm on which his son, Charles E. Gabbert, now^ resides. Here he followed farming and stock-raising with very satisfying results and continued to personally supertend the farm until 1900, when he removed to DeKalb, where he has a comfortable home on the north side of the public square.

Two years after he came back from California, on the 17th of March, 1853, Mr. Gabbert was married to Levina Ellison of Bloomington township, Buchanan County. She was born in Rush County, Indiana, July 8, 1838. Eleven children were born to this union, viz : Elizabeth, who married Charles Gallagher, of Oakland, California, and has four children ; Melvin M., who married Laura Gabbert, a cousin, and lives in Clay County, Missouri, - tbey have nine children ; William R., who resides at home, in De- Kalb; Ella Nora, who married H. B. Gardner, of Kansas, and has eight children ; Emma Belle, who married H. 'M. Dittemore, of \\'ayne township, and has two cltildren ; ]\Iary Ollie. who married John \\'. Dittemore. of Blooming-ton township, and has four children; Eva M.. who married Isam \\'ood. of Wayne township, and has two children ; Charles E., who married Nellie Cook, of DeKalb. and lives in Bloomington township. - they have one child : and three that are deceased.

Mr. Gabbert has always taken a prominent part in township affairs and served as a school director both in Kansas and Missouri. He is one of the highly respected citizens of Bloomington township, where he was a successful farmer so long, and is equallv well thought of in the town of DeKalb.

ON. CHARLES W. CARSON, one of the judges of the County Court of Buchanan County, has long been a prominent figure in the affairs of this countv. where he has lived since childhood. He was born in Kentucky, September 2y, 1852. and is a son of James D. and Sallie A. (Woodson) Carson. His father was born in Kentuckv and became an extensive planter in that State. He came to Buchanan County. Missouri, in 1853. and located some five miles south of St. Joseph, where he followed farming until his deathin 1877.

Charles W. Carson was reared on his father's farm in Buchanan County, and received his education in the public schools. In early manhood he accepted a position as traveling salesman for the Deering Implement Company, with which he continued a number of years. He served some three weeks in the capacity of constable, and in 1892 was elected sheriff of Buchanan Countv on the Democratic ticket. He proved an efficient officer and performed his duties to the satisfaction of the public. On August 16, 1904, he was appointed by the Governor of Missouri, as county judge to succeed Hon. John Kelly, who died in office. In the fall of the same year he was the unanimous choice of the Democratic Central Committee to succeed himself.

they have one daughter, - Sallie. Religiouslv. his wife and daughter are faithful members of the Baptist Church, yir. Carson has always been a Democrat and has been an active worker for party success. Fraternally, he is a member of the Knights of Pythias ; Modern Woodmen of America and Improved Order of Red ^len. He resides with his family in a comfortable home at No. 321 North Fifth street.

ALBOTT FAIRLEIGH, a member of one of the best-known families of Northwestern ^Missouri, is now living in retirement in St. Joseph after many }ears of activity in the commercial world.

Mr. Fairleigh was born at Elizabethtown, Kentucky, September 20, 1837. and was brought to Missouri by his parents in 1845. In that year his father, Andrew Fairleigh moved to Savannah. ]\Iissouri. and followed the trade of a silversmith, the following year locating in St. Joseph. In 1849 he went to California, and located in Sacramento. While a building was being erected for him there, for a jewelry store, he was taken sick and died. His widow and two daughters then removed to Sacramento and conducted a hotel for two years, in which undertaking they met with fine success, being able to purchase the finest hotel there, which burned to the ground two different times. Mrs. Fairleigh died July 20, 1901.

Talbott Fairleigh received his educational training in the common schools of St. Joseph and in the Presbyterian school of College Hill, Missouri, having come to St. Joseph with his parents in 1845. Here he grew to maturity and began his business career. At the age of 27 years he engaged in the hardware business in partnership with Air. Washington, under the firm name of Fairleigh & Washington, which association continued for a period of three years. Mr. W^ashington then sold out to ]Mr. Sergeant, with whom our subject continued three years under the firm name of Fairleigh & Sergeant, doing a very extensive business. The firm became Fairleigh & Company and continued as such until Januar\-. 1873, Mr. Fairleigh sold out, having been elected to the office of State and county collector in the fall of the previous year. He filled that office for two years and in 1875 accepted a position as traveling salesman for the W. M. Wyeth

Hardware Company, \\ith which he remained until 1880. In that year he became identified with the hardware firm of SchuUz & Hosea and continued with it until 1886: then for a period of 10 years he was with the firm of Hibbard, Spencer, Bartlett & Company of Chicago. On January I, 1897, Mr. Fairleigh returned to St. Joseph and again became identified with the W. M. Wyeth Hardware Company, with which firm he continued until 1900 when he retired from active business, after almost half a century of uninterrupted activity.

Talbott Fairleigh was married June i, 1864, to Ella Hartzel, the accomplished daughter of Elder Jonas Hartzel of Warren, Ohio, and they have three living children : William G., named in honor of his uncle, who married Hannah Hughes, has six children and lives in Spokane, Washington ; Alice H., who married K. L. Stewart of Cincinnati, Ohio, and has two children ; and (jertrude, who lives at home with her parents. Religiously, our subject is a member of the Christian Church, and his wife is a Christian Scientist. He is a Democrat in politics. The family home is at No. 1924 Clay street, where hospitality is shown the many friends of the family throughout this section.

)HN O. ISAACSON, sole proprietor of the Bank of Faucett, Buchanan County, one of the soundest financial institutions in this part of the State, is also prominently identified with other business organizations and is largely interested in both insurance and real estate. Mr. Isaacson was born March 4, 1872, in Crawford township, Buchanan County, and is a son of Andrew and Mary E, (Mailer) Isaacson. The father was born in Sweden and the mother in Missouri.

Mr. Isaacson was educated in the public schools of Kansas and then entered the Campbell Normal University at Holton, Kansas, where he was graduated from the commercial department, in 1890. He entered into business life for himself at Faucett, Missouri, as a dealer in lumber and then engaged in the live stock commission business at Kansas City. Later he became interested in insurance and real estate. He is also interested in the business of well boring and is operating all over Buchanan and Platte counties. In 1899 he erected the building and established the Bank of Faucett, with a capital of $5,000 and a surplus of

$2,500. It carries on a general banking business, negotiates loans and investments and is looked upon with the greatest favor by the residents of the village and the adjoining agricultural district. Mr. Isaacson is an able business man, one whose uniform conduct has been such as to win the esteem and confidence of the public.

On September 7, 1904, Mr. Isaacson was married to Jessie Stanton, who is a daughter of D. A. Stanton, a prominent farmer of Jackson township. Fraternally, our subject is a Mason of high degree, belonging to Birmingham Lodge, No. 216, A."^F. & A. M., of Halleck. Missouri ; Royal Arch Chapter, No. 50 ; St. Joseph Commanderv, No. 4, K. T. ; and Moila Temple, A. A. O. N. 'M. S. at St. Joseph. He is also identified w^ith the Odd Fellows and with many business and social organizations.

ETER GARRAHAN, a leading farmer of Platte township, Buchanan County, who resides on his fine farm of 185 acres, located in section 15, township 55, range 34, w^as born in Allegany County, Maryland, February 15. 1855, and is a son of James E. and Mary (Kelly) Garrahan.

The paternal grandparents of our subject were Peter and Katherine Garrahan, both natives of Ireland. They came to the United States in early married life, but went back to the old country, from which they came a second time. The grandfather died in Maryland, and the grandmother in Platte township, Buchanan County. They had four children: Mrs. Katherine Riley. James E., Mary and Mrs. Margaret Kelly.

James E. Garrahan was born on the Atlantic Ocean while his parents were crossing the great water in their slow-going sailing vessel, on their second trip to America. His death took place in Buchanan County in January, 1877, at the age of 50 years. The family settled in Allegany County. Marvland, and there James E. Garrahan was reared and reiuained until 1866, when he came to this locality, after a service in the Union Army, that included the whole of the Civil War. In t86i he enlisted at Oakland, Maryland, and during the whole time was connected with the Army of the Potomac. He participated in the battle of Gettysburg, in that of Fredericksburg, and all the others which won the applause of the countrv for the victorious Federal soldiers. Although he was entitled to it. he never asked for a pension. Politically, he was a Democrat. He was twice married, our subject being the only child of the first union. By a second marriage the father had five more children, namely, Thomas Jefiferson, B. McClellan, Theresa, Katherine (the wife of Emmett Gregory, of Platte township) and Francis Orlando. James E. Garrahan owned a quarter section of land and had a large amount of money in the bank at the time of his death.

Our subject was about 11 years of age when his parents came to Missouri, and he has always followed agricultural pursuits. In 1881 he purchased the farm on which he resides and located on it in the following year. It was not an attractive piece of property at that time, to one not acquainted with partially cleared timber land, as the stumps were still standing where the previous settler had cut timber. Mr. Garrahan cleared 15 acres of his land still in brush and soon put the remainder of it under cultivation, the result being a fertile, productive farm. The residence has been improved and made attractive and comfortable and his new barn and out-buildings, fences and other improvements are all first-class in character. He has devoted four acres to orchards and raises some very fine fruit. He carries on general farming but gives his main attention to grain. He understands his business and has made a success.

In March. 1882, Mr. Garrahan married Martha S. (ulmore. who was born in liuchanan County. Missouri. October 27. i86r, and is a daughter of Sanuiel and Aiargaret Gilmore. They have seven children: James P.. Katherine, Claude, Clarence. Margaret. Annie and Lillie May.

Mr. Garrahan has always voted the Democratic ticket. With his family, he belongs to the Catholic Church. He is a man who commands the respect of all who know him and is one of the representative farmers of his township.

\J. THOMAS J. CHEW. Jr.. for many years one of the leading business men and public spirited citizens of St. Joseph, and a ])owerful political factor in Ihichanan County, was born April 8, 1838, in Columbus. Ohio, and died in St. Joseph, April 20, 1900. He was a worthy son of Anthony S. and Delia ( Adams) Chew.

An examination of the gen alcigv of the Chew family with its connecting kindrt^^d brings to light manv names which liave bc"(imc di-^tingTiislu-d in public, professional and social life, from the early days of the American Colonies. The first wife of Zachary Taylor was a connection of this old and truly aristocratic family.

The father of the late IMajor Chew was born in Connecticut, graduated at Yale College and became a very prominent attorney. In 1836 he located in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he entered into a law partnership with Hon. Thomas Corwin, the eminent Ohio statesman, under the firm name of Corwin & Chew. The mother of Major Chew was born at Columbus. Ohio, and both her father and her maternal uncle, the distinguished Dr. Goodell, were men of high character and large fortune.

Our subject was given excellent educational opportunities, at Heron's Seminary and Brooks" Preparatory Classical School, both of these beingnoted private educational institutions of Cincinnati. At the age of 16 years, he removed with his father to Iowa and they were there associated in business for some years. Returning to the East. the young man carried on an insurance business, from 1858 to 1 86 1, in New York City, and in the latter year he first took up his residence in St. Joseph, Missouri, which remained his chosen home until his death - a period of 39 years.

After settling here, he engaged first in an insurance business, but in the early "sixties" he embarked in the wholesale grocery trade as a member of the firm of Koch, Chew & Company, a corporation which existed until 1874. In that year Mr. Chew entered the brokerage and loan business and represented some of the most important Eastern companies and largest Eastern investors. In 1889 he became managing owner of the St. Joseph Herald, and during his short period of management made himself felt in all departments of that journal.

In politics Major Chew was a stanch Republican, but sought little political honor for himself, accepting only those positions in which he could best serve the party. In 1892 he was a delegate to the Republican National Convention at Minneapolis, and on many occasions was a delegate to State and minor conventions. His political standards always remained high and the tricks of the demagogue ever received his contempt. During the Civil War he served on the staff of General Hall and other officers in the Cnion Army, and from 1862 to 1865 was (|uartermaster of the department of St. Joseph, with the rank of major.

builders of St. Joseph's system of water-works and owned a one-fourth interest in the plant until the works were sold to the present owners. In many wa}'s he gave evidence of municipal loyalty, lending his influence and financial assistance to many of the city's most important enterprises. During 1872 and 1873 he was president of the Board of Trade of St. Joseph and occupied other official positions, but latterly his own large interests claimed his whole attention. He was a member of the first lodge of the B. P. O. E. in St. Joseph.

In 1861 ]\Iajor Chew was united in marriage in New York City with Kitty M. Forbes, who died in May, 1897. He was married in May, 1899. to Mrs. Elizabeth Wilkinson, of St. Joseph. Missouri, who still survives. She is a daughter of the late Alex. Smith of St. Louis, and a sister of Mrs. John L. Bittinger, of St. Joseph. Mrs. Chew resides in one of St. Joseph's most beautiful homes, located at No. 224 South loth street.

It has been said that no man wielded a stronger influence for good than Major Chew. He possessed the genial qualities which survive friendship and inspire affection, but underneath these lay the granite of a determined, upright, fearless and honest nature. Such a man could only be intolerant of fraud, chicanery and deceit anci his record is one written on an unstained shield. His portrait accompanies this sketch.

FORGE MUM FORD, who has a fine farm located in section 13, township 55. range 34, in Platte township, Buchanan County, has resided upon this farm for a period of more than 48 years, and is well known to the citizens of the surroundinr country. He was born in Crawford County, Pennsylvania, December 10, 1822, and is a son of Peter Mum ford.

Peter Mumford was born in Pennsylvania or New Jersey, in 1797, and died in DeKalb County, Alissouri, at the age of 84 years. His father was a soldier in the Revolutionary War, serving under the immediate command of General Washington. He was in all the battles participated in by Washington's army and crossed the Delaware River on broken ice, an event famous in the history of our country. He was injured seven times during his service of seven and a half years, but not seriously. He was a native of Scotland and came to America during the colonial period. Peter Mumford followed farming all his life and at the time of his death was in very comfortable circumstances, owning a farm of 120 acres in DeKalb County, Missouri. By his first marriage he had two children : David, who went to California in 1850, and was heard from but a few times thereafter; and George, our subject. By his second marriage he had six children, - four sons and two daughters.

George Mumford was four years old when he removed with his parents to Athens County, Ohio, where they lived 12 years. In 1839 they moved to Henry County, Iowa, where he grew to maturity and lived for 12 years. He then removed to Dallas County, Texas, where he acquired a farm of 160 acres, but he contracted the ague which resulted in his giving' his place away, and leaving that country after one year. He returned to Henry County, Iowa, in the spring of 1847, then went to California overland in 1850, driving two yoke of oxen. He mined in Nevada for a time but owing to poor health went into tlie valley and engaged in teaming for one and a half years. He returned to Iowa via the Isthmus of Panama, New Orleans and the Mississippi River. Shortly after, in 1854, he came to Buchanan County, Missouri, and rented a farm one year, then acquired the southwest quarter of section 13, township 55, range 34. in Platte township, where he has resided continuously since. His first visit to this county was as early as 1842, when he was driving an ox team through from Iowa to Holt Countv. IMissouri, helping a man to move. They stopped at Joseph Robidoux's landing in the fall of that year. When Mr. Mumford located upon his farm, it was heavily timbered in most part, only 15 acres being cleared and under cultivation, and it was some years before it was placed in its present high state of cultivation. He and his family lived in a log house, 16 by 16 feet in dimensions, for several years, then he built a frame house, which was destroyed by a cyclone in 1898. His present residence was then erected and is a good substantial one, fitted with many modern improvements. He passed through the war without taking part, although he served for a time in the "Paw Paw ]\Iilitia." He has always voted the Democratic ticket and cast his first vote for Martin Van Buren.

In 1853, Mr. Mumford was vmited in marriage with Charlotte Sherman, who was born near Cleveland, Ohio, and died about one year after marriage, aged 30 years, leaving no issue. In

And Representata'E Citizens

1854, he married Sarah Arterbury, who was born in Henry County, Kentucky, in 1826, and died in Buchanan County in 1877, leaving; four children, as follows : Lucy Jane, born in 1856, who married Richard Gre2:orv, and is now deceased ; Nevada Bird, who married Green Adams of Gentry County and has four children : Georgia Ann who is the wife of Daniel Loutermilch ; and Robert R., who married Mavillia Potts, who was born in St. Francisville, Illinois, in 1870, and is a daughter of Benton Potts, - they have four children, George B., Richard P., Reed M. and Clinton C. Robert R. JMumford now has charge of his father's farm in Platte township.

RANK HARLOW, vice-president of the McCord-Harlow Shoe Company, of St. Joseph, was born at Charleston, New Hampshire. August 27, 1854, and is a son of Jehial and Jane S. (Boutelle) Harlow.

Barnum Harlow, the paternal grandfather of our subject, reared his family in Vermont, carried on farming operations there and was prosperous for his times. He served his country during the War of 1812.

Jehial Harlow, father of our subject, was born on the home farm near Springfield, Vermont, but went to New Hampshire in young manhood and at Charleston learned and followed the trade of carriage-maker. In 1861 he entered into business on his own account, building a large factory in which he installed what was considered modern machinery at that time, when the greater part of the work had to be done by hand. It was before the day of the inventions which now save the labor of half a life-time to the worker. This factory was then considered a marvel. Mr. Harlow possessed the genius which enabled him to work in either wood or iron and he found opportunity to also paint his wagons in a way that gave to them the appearance of a piano finish. Mr. Harlow married Jane S. Boutelle, a native of that section, and they had seven children of whom four died in infancy. Those living are Mrs. Ella H. King, of Keene, New Hampshire: Edward, of Marlborough, New Hampshire ; Frank, of this sketch ; and Mrs. W. P. Huntington, of Columbus, Ohio. The family is connected with the Unitarian Church.

where he enjoyed the advantages of high school training. After several years of employment in various mercantile establishments, he came West, in 1880, accepting a position as bookkeeper in a shoe factory at Jefiferson City, Missouri. In 1888 he removed to St. Louis, where he continued three years in the shoe business, and then came to St. Joseph, where he accepted the office of superintendent for Noyes, Norman & Company, with which well-known house he remained for eight years. In 1899 he took the initiative in the organization of the McCord-Harlow Shoe Compan.y. a corporation which has developed into one of the city's large and important industries. The immense product of this firm goes directlv to the retailer without being handled by jobbers. The company has built up such a reputation that its mere name carries the guarantee of excellence.

On December 23, 1874, :Mr. Harlow was married to Hattie L. Smith, who is a daughter of Chauncey Smith, of Hartford. Connecticut, and they have three children: Nellie J.. Bertha ?nI. and Frank J. -^l

Mr. Harlow has been vice-president of his large business organization ever since its founding, and is considered one of the able and enterprising business men of this section. He belongs to St. Joseph Lodge, No. 40, B. P. O. E.

OHN DONOVAN FLINT, cashier of the Buell Manufacturing Company, of St. Joseph, was born in Buchanan Countv, Missouri, September 18, 1845, and is 'a son of Dr. William P. and Sarah Emeline (Donovan) Flint.

The tracing of the interesting familv history of our subject is not a difficult matter, the name being identified with the countrv's interests for generations. The Flint family is of A\'elsh extraction and in many of its characteristics of solidity and strength, the name mav be representative of the mountains of its nativitv. Thomas Flint was the founder of the family in New England, coming from Wales and making settlement at Salem, according to local records, as early as 1650, although there is evidence to show that his mother lived in America in 1642. His name is given as one of the first settlers of Salem village, now J~^outh Danvers, Massachusetts. His land was acquired by purchase and his old farm, through all the great changes which hn\-e taken place in the succeeding generations, is still owned

In Capt. Thomas Flint, onr subject's greatgreat-great-grandfather, is found a man who bore an important part in the early history of the Massachusetts settlements. He was a son of Thomas Flint the original settler, and Ann, his wife. He combined work as a carpenter with farming and appears to have been a man of means as he evidently was of influence. His name is closely connected with the military organizations of his time, which, on account of the hostile attitude of the Indians, required men of nerve and energy. He took part in King Philip's War, and in the expedition commanded by Captain Gardner against the Narragansetts. in 1675, he was wounded, but probably not seriously, as the local records tell of his subsequently holding commissions in the village company. Those were days when rehgious convictions were of primary importance, and his is one of the names which has come down to us as one of the most earnest promoters of the church. That his iniluence was considerable is attested by the success that met his endeavors and that he was a mechanic of skill is proved by his selection as the architect and builder of the first church at Salem, Massachusetts. For his day he was a capitalist, owning 900 acres of land in the rich regions of Essex and Middlesex counties. He passed away May 24, 1 72 1, aged 76 years. He was twice married, his second "wife being ^lary Dounton, a daughter of William Dounton, whom he espoused Septem1)er

William Flint, son of Capt. Thomas and Mary Flint, was born July 17, 1685 and died October 10, 1736. He was a farmer and lived at Reading, Massachusetts, on land given him by his father. He was elected deacon of the church on June 28, 1727 and served nine years. On April 30, 1713, he married Abigail Nichols, and the} had a family of seven sons and two daughters.

Joseph Flint, our subject's great-grandfather, was born September 7, 1726, was a carpenter by trade and lived at Salem. Massachusetts, where he also owned a mill. On August 14, 1753, he married Sarah Putnam, who was born Octolx-r 22, 1739, and was a daughter of Asa and Sarah (Putnam) Putnam. They had a family of four sons and three daughters, William P. being the youngest child.

he moved to Maryland, married and died there on January 12, 1832. In 1799 he married Lydia Mitchell, who was a daughter of Aaron and Sarah Mitchell, and who was born May 21, 1779, in what was called the "Neck District," in Dorchester County, Maryland. She died June 25, 1841. They reared a family of two daughters and three sons, William P. being the third child and the eldest son.

Dr. William P. Flint, our subject's father, was born in Dorchester County, Maryland, May 10, 1810, and received both his literary and medical education before he came West. In 1843 ^^^ located in Buchanan County, Missouri, one of the first settlers in his locality and one of the pioneer physicians. He owned a farm of 160 acres of land, which he redeemed from the wilderness, and later added 50 acres of timber land, which is still in the possession of our subject. In addition to general farming, he continued his medical practice during his whole active life. This covered a wide territory and in the early days his visits into many regions could only be done on horseback. Later his sulky, as it swung back and forth over the uneven highways as he hurried to answer calls miles and miles distant from his home, was a frequent sight. The work of a country doctoi in those days was one of great hardship and inadec(uate remuneration. In 1849 he visited California, going by way of New Orleans and the Isthmus of Panama, and while he remained in that State practiced medicine at Marysville. Some years before his death he returned to Buchanan County, Missouri, and passed away on the farm which he had preempted in 1843.

On December 29, 183 1, Dr. Flint married Sarah Emeliue Donovan, who was a daughter of John Donovan, of Maryland, and they had seven children, the six who reached maturity being: jMary, deceased; W^illiam P., of St. Joseph; Thomas James, deceased ; Sarah Lydia, widow of George \\'. Peacock of Marysville, California; John D.,of this sketch; and Annie M., wife of T. C. Roberts of St. Joseph. Mary was thrice married : first, to William Funk ; second, to Charles E. I Baldwin ; and third, to A. IN I . Richey, having issue from each marriage. The mother of the above named family died September 4, 1882. Both parents were consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South.

John D. Flint, the immediate subject of this sketch, was educated in the private schools of St. Joseph and in a college at Chillicothe, Missouri. The greater part of his business life has been passed in association with large concerns and few men have had a more honorable connection. In 1863 he became the cashier of the Southern Bank of the State of Missouri, at Savannah, of which George Warren Samuels was then president, and in 1864 he went with Lemon, Hosea & Company, of St. Joseph, in the capacity of bookkeeper and subsequently became a partner in the firm of John S. Lemon & Company. This connection extended through a number of years, during which time this business house grew into a large and wealthy corporation. ]Mr. Flint then became one of the partners of the notion and dry goods house of Hosea, Flint & Kemper and from 1872 until 1876 he was closely associated with this business. In the latter year he entered iipon his duties as cashier of the Buell ^Manufacturing Company, a position of responsibility he held until 1883. when he resigned it to accept the position of paying teller and director of the Saxton National Rank. He continued with this financial concern luitil 1894. when the consolidation of this concern with the Schuster-Hax National Bank brought about his resignation. During the subsequent two years, Mr. Flint served as deputy county collector, but since 1899 he has most efficiently filled his old position as cashier of the Buell Manufacturing Company.

On ^lay 10, 1870, Mr. Flint was united in marriage with Mary Anna Bell, a daughter of W^illiam Bell, Jr., of St. Joseph, and their two surviving children are: Grace B., who married Frank J. Moss of St. Joseph, and has one daughter. - Alary Frances; and William P. Airs. I'lint is a member of the Protestant Episcopal Church.

Mr. Flint has long been very prominent in fraternal circles. He was made a Afason in Zeredatha Lodge. No. 189. A. F. & A. M., and is now a member of Charity Lodge, No. 331, A. F. & A. M., of which he is a charter member and which he served as master in 1888. In 1891 he was high priest of St. Joseph Cha])ter. No. 14. R. A. M. He has been illustrious master of St. Joseph Council, No. 9. In 1892 he was eminent commander of St. Joseph Commanderv, No. 4, K. T. He is also a member of Moila Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. He belongs also to Pocahontas Tribe. No. 10. Improved Order of Red Men, of which he is past sachem and has l)een past grand sachem of the order for the State of Missouri.

OHN H. CAREY, who is extensively engaged in farming and stock-raising in Jackson township, Buchanan County, is one of the substantial men of the community. He has frequently been called upon to serve in an official capacity and has always acquitted himself in a most creditable manner. He was born in County Wexford, Ireland, June 12, 1835, and is a i;on of Patrick and Mary (Hartwell) Carey, both natives of County Wexford. Ireland.

Our subject's parents came to America with their children about 1845 ^^^^ located in St. Louis. Alissouri. where Mrs. Carey and her youngest daughter died of cholera. Mr. Carey died in Buchanan County, Alissouri, whither he had moved after his wife's death. Four children blessed their union, namely : John H. ; Katherine (Welch), of Washington township; Bridget (Briggs). of Center township; and \\'innefred, who died of cholera in St. Louis.

John H. Carey was 12 years of age when he accompanied his parents to the United vStates ; he lived in St. Louis 10 years and learned the trade of a ship carpenter. He was also a memlaer of the old "Washington (juard Company" of St. Louis, afterward known as the "\Vashington Guards Battalion."' under Maj.-Gen. D. M. h>ost. With his father and sisters he came further West in 1856 to Buchanan County, where he rented propertv until 18^)9. In the Civil War he was ist lieutenant in the 8rst Regiment, enrolled Militia of MissoiuM, under Col. John Scott, the soldiery of this designation being known as the "Paw Paw Militia." About this time he also engaged in the rebuilding and calking of the packet boats of the Hannibal & St. Josei:)h line, following this line of work during the winter months. In 1869, he purchased a farm of 153 acres which he has since owned and lived upon. To this he has added from time to time and now possesses 215 acres in sections 4 and 5, township 55. range 34, in Jackson township, and 47^^ acres in section 32, townshi]i 56, range 34. in Agency township. This ])roperty was in ]>oor condition when purchased, and many years of hard labor were necessarv to transform it to its present high state of cultivation and bring about the man\- improvements which go to make it a model farm of the modern tyi)e. He has erected a comfortable home, four large barns, 250 feet of sheds, three corn cribs, scales, and water-works, the latter feature being of great value on a stock farm, affording convenience in watering a large number of stock. Surrounding the house is a grove of 60 acres, with an abundance of elms, walnuts and burr oaks, and the ground nicely sodded, without the semblance of a weed to be seen. Mr. Carey takes great pride in standard-bred stock, particularly mules and horses. He has 12 jacks, seven jennies, about 35 liead of horses and mules, 1 1 head of high grade cattle, and 50 head of Poland-China hogs. Politically, Mr. Carey has always been a stanch Democrat, and is at the present a supporter of William Jennings Bryan. He served one term as a meni- "ber of the County Court from the ist district, being elected in 1879, and was elected sheriff in 1884. He was appointed by Governor Francis as a member of the board of managers of the State Hospital for Insane, No. 2, and was reappointed Lv Governors Stephens and Dockery ; upon the completion of his present term, he will have served 12 years as a member of the board of managers. He was a number of years a member of the School Board. He was elected, and is now president of the Farmers' State Bank of Agency, which was organized in October, 1903.

In 1864, Mr. Carey was united in marriage with Nancy W. Gilmore, a daughter of Joseph and Martha Gilmore. Her parents, who were among the earliest settlers of Buchanan County, were originally from Kentucky and first settled in Clay County, where they remained but a very short time, and then moved to this county. Three -daughters were born to Mr. and Mrs. Carey, namely : Martha B., Frances A. and Margaret J., all living at home. Mrs. Carey died February 16,. 1900, aged 66 years, three months and 17 days. Religiously. Mr. Carey and daughters are of the Catholic faith.

REDERICK W. HAGENSTEIN, proprietor of a dry goods and grocery store at DeKalb, Buchanan County, has attained a high degree of success in business and the record of his career is one of interest. He was born in Griineberg, Prussia, October 2, 1836.

Mr. H^igenstein was reared in his native land and there received his education in the niother tongue, having to work to pay his board while attending school. At the age of 14 years he learned the trade of a miller, which he followed over two years, and then, before he had reached the age of 17 crossed the ocean to New York City in the company of a friend, Albert Derge, with whom he was afterward associated for many years. He arrived in this country in July, 1855, the trip in the sailing vessel "Panama" having consumed 38 days. It had been necessary for him to borrow the money to pay his passage to this country. Shortly after his arrival, he proceeded West to Kansas, locating near Emporia, on the Neosho River. After remaining there a short time, he came to St. Joseph, where he was employed by Baker, Woodson &. Company in a mill. He continued with them until December, 1858, when he removed to DeKalb, where he and his friend, Albert Derge, secured employment in the local hotel. He preceded Mr. Derge by some months and upon his arrival applied for work in the hotel. Although the proprietor said he needed but one man, Mr. Hagenstein, mindful of the friend who had sailed across the ocean with him, made application for Mr. Derge also, and both received employment at one man's pay,- - $10 per month. They were thus employed until March, 1861, when Mr. Hagenstein crossed the plains to Rock Creek, Nebraska. He ranched and freighted and also handled considerable stock, owning a ranch near where "Wild Bill" did his killing. He was a personal friend of "Wild Bill," with whom he used to work in putting up hay. In 1863 our subjest went to Whiskey Run, Nebraska, and one year later took up freighting and trading, visiting most of the Western points. He continued this business until January, 1867, and then returned to DeKalb, Missouri, where his business career had started. Here he became associated with his old friend, Albert Derge, in a general store and in the stock and grain business, Mr. Hagenstein looking after the latter department of the business. They bought large quantities of grain and shipped about 100 car-loads some seasons. They also owned a number of acres of land, which they used for pasture. They carried in addition to the usual stock of a general store, a line of drugs and hardware in their establishment, and continued until two hardware and two drug stores were established in the town. They then gave their attention to dry goods, groceries and general merchandise. The firm continued with much success for a period of 16 years, and then the partnership was dissolved, each engaging in business independent of the other. Our subject erected a substantial store building, 30 by 70 feet, on the north side of the public s(|uare, and a warehouse adjoining. 18 by 65 feet, with a splendid basement. The mercantile department is equipped with a complete line of up-to-date dress and gentlemen's furnishings goods, and the other side is devoted to a large stock of staple and fancy groceries and produce. The warehouse is completely packed with barrels of sugar and barrels and sacks of the best brands of flour. Everything about the establishment is systematized in the best possible manner for the expeditious handling of trade. Mr. Hagenstein buys his stock in car-load lots, and is thus enabled to provide his customers with the very best at a lower price than can his competitors. He owns a farm in Jackson County, Kansas, one in Bloomington township, Buchanan County, and town property in DeKalb, including 10 residences. He built a fine brick residence south of the school house in section 15. just across the corporation line. He at one time owned the hotel in DeKalb in which he made his start in life. He served as first mayor of DeKalb, and resigned during his second term because he had moved without the corporate limits. He served as postmaster four years.

On May 9, 1877, Mr. Hagenstein was united in marriage with Mollie ^lartin, who is a daughter of Dr. John W. and Elizabeth (Hart) Martin. Her father was born October 30, 18 16, in Bourbon County, Kentucky, and was reared in Lexington, where he was educated. He learned the trade of a brick-layer at the age of 17 years and followed it five years, when he entered upon the study of medicine. He subsequently attended lectures at Transylvania University, Lexington, and was graduated in March, 1840. He then began ]3ractice in Fayette County, where he continued until 1854, and then located in DeKalb, Buchanan County, where he continued some years. On August 20, 1846, he married Elizabeth Hart, who was born July 22, 1829 in Fayette County, Kentucky, and they had 14 children. "Sirs. Hagenstein being the sixth. Our subject and his wife are parents of one child, Florence, who married Guy F. Shields of Kansas City and has one son, - Fred Hagenstein Shields. Fraternally, Mr. Hagenstein is a member of Wellington Lodge, No. 22, A. F. & A. M., also of the Royal Arch Chapter and of the Order of the Eastern Star.

VLTER W. HEAD, cashier of the DeKalb State Bank, of DeKalb, is considered one of the most competent financiers and business managers in Buchanan County. Although young in years, he has had wide experience in business afifairs and is prominently known throughout the county. The institution whose affairs he directs is one of the safest in the county and is firmly established in the confidence of the public.

In 1890, the Derge-Campbell Banking Company of DeKalb was organized and conducted as a banking institution until October 21, 1903, when its assets were purchased by the DeKalb State Bank, a new organization, which had commenced business on the 21st of the preceding August. The following officers were elected: President, John W. Page, vice-president, S. D. Call, and cashier, Walter W. Head. When our subject took charge of the cashier's desk, the deposits of the bank were $65,000; at the present time they total $120,000. The capital stock is $20,000 and the surplus, .$2,000.

Mr. Head was born at Adrain, Hancock County, Illinois, December 18, 1877. and is a son of Alfred W. and Margaret J. (Lambert) Head, the former of Scotch-Irish descent, and the latter of English, all her familv being natives of Lancashire, England. Alfred W. Head and wife now reside in Stewartsville, Missouri. Our subject's father has been twice married, his first union being with Ellen Pitt, who died in 1871, leaving four children. He was again married in January, 1877, to Margaret J. Lambert, by whom he has had five children, four of them living, namely : Walter W. ; Richard Daniel, who formerly was a teacher in the schools of DeKalb and Buchanan counties, and is now cashier of the Rushville State Bank, of Rushville, Missouri ; and Maggie Ellen and Sarah Jane, who live with their parents at Stewartsville, Missouri.

Walter W. Head received his preliminary education in the schools of DeKalb County, and was graduated therefrom in 1894, receiving the highest honors of his class. He afterward entered Stanberry Normal School, and was graduated with the class of 1897. During the following five years, he engaged in teaching in the schools of DeKalb and Buchanan counties, and during the last year of this period was principal of the DeKalb public schools. While teaching, he took a very prominent part in Teachers' Institute work, and instructed two institutes, one in DeKalb County and the other in Buchanan County, there being 100 teachers in each. Mr. Head served as receiving teller in the German-American Bank of St. Joseph for nine months prior to taking up the duties of his present position. He is treasurer and director of the DeKalb Hardware & Furniture Company, which has a capital stock of $20,- ooo, is secretary and director of the DeKalb Telephone Company, and is the heaviest stockholder in the DeKalb State Bank. He is also village treasurer and treasurer of the school district.

On March 7, 1900, Mr. Head was joined In marriage with Delia E. Thompson, a member of one of the prominent pioneer families of the county, a daughter of John E. and Roxcelana (Ditteniore) Thompson. One daughter blessed this union, Audria Vernelle, born December 18, 1900, the 23d anniversary of the birth of her father. Mrs. Head is an accomplished musician and a lady of refinement and intellect. Our subject and wife are members of the Christian Church, of which he is treasurer and both are active in church work. Fraternally, Mr. Head is a member of Lodge No. 22, A. F. & A. M., of DeKalb; Ringo Chapter, No. 6, R. A. M.. of DeKalb; DeKalb Lodge, No. 191, L O. O. F. ; DeKalb Camp, No. 5256, M. W. A. ; and Lodge No. 161, A. O. U. W. He is a man of pleasing personality and makes friends with all with whom he is brought in contact, socially or in business dealings.

OHN W. COMBS, one of the leading citizens and extensive farmers, fruit growers and stock-raisers of Crawford township, lUichanan County, was born in Andrew County, Missouri, November I5< 1856, and is a son of Jason B. and Hannah (Foster) Combs.

Jason B. Combs and wife were both born in Kentucky, the former in 1803 and the latter, in 1801. (jur subject's maternal grandparents were Thomas and Rebecca (Young) Foster. They came to Missouri at an early day, settling first in Clay County and later in I Matte County, where Thomas Foster died in 1862. The three survivors of their seven children are: Martha (Mrs. John Galbraith), of Wallace: Anion Foster, of DeKalb County; and Rebecca (Mrs. Robert Thomas), of Buchanan County.

The father of our subject came to l^uchanan County when his son was six months old and settled on the c(uarter section in (Vawford township, whicli remained his home until his death, in 1859. He was an excellent farmer and this land he redeemed from the wilderness. It was heavily timbered when he first located here, but he left it cleared and ready for the excellent improvements placed here by our subject, when it came into his possession. Jason H. Combs married in Kentucky, and the six children born into the family were: James H., of Pjuchanan County; Mrs-. Martha C. Fiedler, deceased; Mrs. Mary B. Call, deceased; Mrs. Henry B. Willis, deceased; John W., of this sketch ; and Mrs. Rebecca Fry, deceased.

John W. Combs was reared on the pioneer farm in Crawford township, in a little log cabin with a puncheon fioor. His early life was that of the boy of his day, plenty of hard work on the farm and a little study in the district schools. The outdoor life kept him in health and he reached manhood well prepared to take his father's place in the management of the farm, a portion of which he inherited. At the age of 23 years he began for himself, farming on the homestead, subsequently buying out the other heirs. He has added to the original quarter section and now owns. 250 acres of some of the very best land in Crawford township. On this place Mr. Combs, has made every improvement and there are few places in the county that equal it in modern improvements. He entertains modern ideas on agricultural matters and farms scientifically in place of the haphazard way followed by many who still seem to have faith in "luck."' His whole domain brings him in a satisfactory income, from his wellcultivated fields, from his pastures where may be seen prize Shorthorn cattle, hogs, mules and horses, to his great orchard of 550 apple trees. Evervwhere are seen evidences of the thrift and good management which marks the home of the prosperous Missouri farmer.

On December 16, 1880, our subject was married to Laura Coates, a daughter of Thomas W. and Melissa Jane ( Womack) Coates. Her death occurred November 9, 1892, at the age of 32 years, 1 1 months and five days, her birth having been on December 4, 1859, in Atchison County, Kansas. Mrs. Combs was a lady of sweet. Christian character, one who was beloved by all who. knew her. She had been a member of the Christian Church since August 18, 1886, when both she and her husbancl had been immersed by Jirother W. C. Rodgers. In the beautiful sermon preached at Unity Church by her pastor, Rev. N. R. Davis, at the time of her funeral, mention was made of her l)eautiful. Christian life and example. The songs were sung which had been selected by herself. Two children had been born to her: Louis and Mamie, the former of whom resides at home and latter of whom died October 11, 1884, aged 13 months.

William H. Bartlett

families of DeKalb, Buchanan County. Her father, Thomas \\'. Coates was born in Lafayette County, Missouri, May 6, 1829, and was a son of Alfred A. Coates, who was born in 1798 in the State of New York. By trade a cooper, he later bent his energies to farming and removed to Clay County, iNIissouri, when the Platte Purchase was made. Later he moved to the quarter section of land which is the present site of Sparta, locating there about 1837. The Indians were still numerous in this section, the old Sac village still standing, the Sac tribe giving its name to the surrounding prairie.

Here Alfred A. Coates remained until about 1842. when he removed two and one-half miles east, settling in Center township on Sac Prairie, and his plow cut the first furrow in the virgin soil in that locality. He conducted a cooper shop here and also followed farming for a long time, but in his later years discontinued his coopering work. This old pioneer passed away in November, 1859.

In Howard County Alfred A. Coates married Martha Warren, whose father was a very prominent man in that section and was sheriff of Howard County for a number of terms. The five children of Alfred A. Coates and wife were : Mrs. Jane Henrv, of Sullivan County, Missouri : .\lden B. : Thomas W. : Alfred and Mrs. Elizabeth Alexander, all deceased with the exception of Thomas W., the father of the late Mrs. Combs. Alfred A. Coates married, second, Emily Aikman and reared a family of five children, namely : Edward, of Oregon; John, of Colorado: Mrs. Martha McAlster : Ballard and Emma.

Thomas W. Coates was educated in the log school house of his district, which had planks for seats and desks and oiled paper in the windows in place of glass. One of the privileges of the school boys of those days was the hauling of tht wood for the great open fire-place, in front of which they alternately burned and shivered. Their school equipments were of the most primitive character and frequently their teachers were not far in advance of the pupils. The summers were spent in farm wcjrk, but Mr. Coates tried to attend during the fall and winter sessions of the subscription schools and recalls that the last one he attended was at the age of 18 years. He continued to work on the home farm until his marriage, when he removed to Iowa, where he farmed several years, then to Atchison County. Kansas, and finally to Buchanan County, Missouri. After two years spent near Agency, he retired to

On August 31, 1855, in Center township, Mr. Coates married Melissa Jane Womack, a daughter of Allen and Eliza Womack, early settlers of Lafayette County, Missouri, pioneers from Kentucky. Mr. and Mrs. Coates had two daughters: Cuma, who married David Call and has two children ; and Laura, the wife of our subject, deceased in 1892, as stated above.

In 1895 Mr. Combs was married, second, to a Miss Riddle, who is the estimable daughter of the late Hardin and ]\Iary (Reeves) Riddle, both of whom were born and reared in Kentucky. Two children have been born to this marriage, a son and daughter : Price and Helen, both bright and interesting children.

The Combs family has been identified with the Christian Church ever since the organization of this religious body here. Our subject is a deacon in the Christian Church, which is the oldest organization in Buchanan County, and the building is located on an acre of land which his father contributed when the edifice was erected. Politically, Mr. Combs has been a lifelong Democrat, and he has been prominent in township matters ever since coming to man's estate. At present he is efficiently filling the offices of school director and clerk of the district.

In recalling the early records of both the Combs and the Coates families, the reader comes close to ^Missouri's pioneer days, and these recollections possess interest to all who wish to keep in memor\' the names of those who first brought civilization into this rich and favored section.

ILLIAM H. BARTLETT, a pioneer citizen who had been engaged in the real estate business at St. Joseph for 40 years, passed out of life, at his home. No. 804 Hall street, on September 19, 1904. 'Sir. Bartlett, whose portrait accompanies this sketch, was born on a farm in Ripley County, Indiana. June 26. 1845. ^'""^1 ^^'is one of a family of five cinldren born to David L. and Phoebe (Elsworth) Bartlett.

In 1858 Mr. Bartlett's parents removed to Atchison County, MissoiuM. where he attended school and became a teacher himself, when but 16 years of age. In 1862 he came to St. Joseph and found emjiloymenl in the recorder's office in this city. In 1864 he associated with his brother Herschel and he embarked in a real estate business in this city, a third brother. Latham, entering the firm in 1874. About this time the scope of their business was expanded and they began to make loans for Eastern investors on real estate security. For 40 years the brothers continued together, our subject's death making the first break in a closely united business and fraternal union.

On October 26, 1887, Mr. Bartlett was married to Euphemia H. Nimmo, who is a daughter of the late James Nimmo. a former prominent banker of Canada. Mrs. Bartlett still survives with their two children, William N. and Margaret.

Mr. Bartlett passed many happy years in the beautiful family home, located in a choice section of the city. Here he was prostrated by the illness of six weeks' duration which terminated in his death. Surrounded by a large concourse of friends and business associates, his remains were laid to rest in Mount Mora Cemetery.

The late Mr. Bartlett was a man of great determination and persistent energy. By strict attention to business and ever adhering to his unswerving standard of business ethics, he lived to see his firm, founded in the city's early days, become one of the leading institutions in its line in this part of the State. He was a man of acute perceptions, a great reader and a competent judge of men and afifairs. He inspired all with whom he came in contact with supreme faith in his judgment and confidence in his integrity.

HARLES TAYLOR NICHOLS, one of the highly respected retired residents of St. Joseph, a practical millwright, and for many years one of the leading builders and contractors of Buchanan County, was born at Denmark, Lewis County, New York, April 18, 1833. He is a son of Samuel and Polly (Cahoon) Nichols.

Samuel Nichols was born in Rhode Island, but his parents removed to Lowville, Lewis County, New York, in his childhood. He learned the trade of stone-mason and bridge-builder and became a contractor while still a young man. Many of the bridges, which still span the roaring streams of Lewis County, were built by Samuel Nichols, who had a local reputation for good work. He also owned a farm of 160 acres, where he carried on large agricultural operations. He married Polly Cahoon, who was a daughter of Benjamin

Cahoon, of Herkimer County, New York, and they had a family of 10 children, viz : William S. and Benjamin C, both deceased; Elizabeth, who is the widow of Marquis Blanchard, of Lewis County, New York ; Charles Taylor, of this sketch ; James Lovell, who died, a victim of the Civil War, before Petersburg, Virginia ; Clarissa Amelia, who is the wife of Dewane Peck, of Jefferson County, New York ; Urial Schermerhorn, deceased ; Merritt S., of California ; Cynthia Maria, who is the wife of William Humes, of Lewis County, New York ; and Sarah M., who is the widow of Charles Huff and resides near Santa Barbara, California. The family is of Scotch extraction. The grandfather, James L. Nichols, was born in Rhode Island, served in the Revolutionary War and drew a pension until his death. He moved to Lewis County, New York, probably before the War of 1812.

Until he was 16 years of age, Charles T. Nichols remained on the home farm and attended the local schools. After a year's attendance at an academy in Jefiferson County, he began to teach school, taking charge of the school at Harrisville, Lewis County. Perhaps he was selected as much for his well developed muscles as for his mental equipments, as this school was one with a history, the previous teacher having been bodily ejected by some of his pupils who dififercd on various rights and privileges. While Mr. Nichols soon proved that he was prepared for any such emergency, he was never obliged to resort to physical force, and the mental progress made during the sessions he presided over the school was so apparent that the directors were loath to part with him when he decided to learn the carpenter's trade. Ik-fore he completed his apprenticeship, however, he became more interested in the millwright's trade, which was followed by his father to some degree. During his fourth year he had made such good progress that he was placed in charge of a gang of mechanics and for years followed millwrighting.

The occasion which brought Mr. Nichols first to St. Joseph was to outfit here for work in Montana, in which Territory he remained two years. He built the first sawmill in the vicinity of Helena, and the first lumber ever handled in that city came from this mill. In 1866 he returned to St. Joseph and was busily engaged in building and contracting until 1886. Some of the structures of his building were : the old glucose works ; the building for the oil tank works ; the loth street flouring niill ; the Mokaska mills, the buildings and everything in them ; the Nave-McCord Building ; the C. D. Smith Building : the Riley Brothers Building ; the Chamber of Commerce Building ; Samuel W'estheimer's two stores ; Frank Sommers' cracker factory ; the cold storage plant ; the building of the W'yeth Hardware & Manufacturing Company ; the Y. ]\I. C. A. Building, and also residences and buildings for all purposes all over the city. His work stands upon its own merits and speaks louder than words of his mechanical ability and honest methods.

In 1863 Mr. Nichols married Lois A. Pardee, a daughter of Alfred Pardee of Great Bend, Jefferson County, New York. Mrs. Nichols is a member of the Protestant Episcopal Church and active in its various benevolent enterprises.

Politically, Mr. Nichols is identified with the Republican party and has served as a member of the City Council. In 1854 he was made a member of Carthage Lodge, No. 158, A. F. & A. 'SI., in New York State. He formerly belonged to Loma Lodge, Knights of Pythias, of St. Joseph.

EV. LOUIS HEFELE, pastor of the St. Francis Xavier's Catholic Church, of St. Joseph, and one of the city's most esteemed clergymen, was born in Bavaria, Germany, October 9, 1863, and is one of the nine survivors of a family of 18 children born to his parents, Andrew and Mary (Nett) Hefele. Father Hefele attended the common schools of his native locality in boyhood, and came to America in 1882. He entered upon his preliminary studies for the priesthood and continued them at Ohio Seminary, which he entered in 1882. In June, 1891, he was ordained by the late Most Rev. William Henry Elder, Archbishop of Cincinnati. For the following two and a half years, Father Hefele was mainly engaged in building up missions, at A^ersailles and Newport and then he was stationed for a year at Fort Recovery, Ohio. In 1899 he was appointed to take charge of St. Francis Xavier's Church of St. Joseph, and here he still continues, approved by his superiors and honored and beloved by his parish. He is a man of scholarship and of enlightened views and is the type of man whose infiuence can be nothing but beneficent.

The interesting history of the parish over which Father Hefele has cliarge is as follows. St. Francis Xavier's Parish was created by Rt. Rev. John J. Hogan, D. D., and conceded to the Congregation of the Most Precious Blood on account of services rendered to the dioceses of Kansas City of St. Joseph. The parish was organized by Very Rev. Henry Drees, C. P. P. S., on the /th day of September, 1890, at a meeting at which he presided. It was then decided to erect a building, to be used for church and school purposes, on Seneca street between 26th and 27th streets. Rev. Pius Heckman, C. P. P. S. was appointed to supervise the building of the structure on the ground previously purchased by the Congregation of the Most Precious Blood. The ground and building cost $9,000.

The church was dedicated June 14, 1891, by Very Rev. C. Linnencamp, vicar-general of Kansas City and St. Joseph, and Rev. Seraphim Kunkler, C. P. P. S., appointed as pastor. The following year, September, 1892. the Sisters of the Most Precious Blood took charge of the school, with Sister M. Salesia as superioress. In the fall of the same year a parsonage was built at a cost of $2,000. Rev. Seraphim Kunkler remained as pastor until August 22, 1899, when he was succeeded by Rev. Louis HefeL\ C. P. P. S., the present pastor.

At its organization, the parish consisted of 40 families. Since then it has steadily increased and at present its membership numbers 115 families, a notable increase for the length of time.

M. D. FRANCE, SI D.. one of the leading men of Buchanan County, and for many years a prominent physician and medical instructor at St. Joseph, was born in 1841 at Washington, D. C. He is a son of James and Margaritta (Boyle) France.

Dr. France secured his literary education at Georgetown College, Washington, which is now known as Georgetown Cniversity. In 1865 he was graduated from the medical department of this institution, and he then engaged in practice at Washington for four years. In 1869 he came West and spent a short time at St. Joseph, and in 1872 settled here permanently. Dr. France has long been considered one of the leading practitioners of city and county. He served the citv one year as physician, and the county, in the same capacity, for seven years. He has been one of the pioneers in the science of medicine in this locality. He was one of the founders of the first medical school in St. Joseph, which for years bore the name of the St. Joseph Medical Hospital, and was one of its foremost lecturers for a long period. This school was subsequently consolidated with Ensworth Medical College, of St. Joseph. Politically, he is identified with the Democratic party.

Dr. France was first married in 1869, at Washington, D. C, to Elizabeth Sheed, and they had one son, Duncan, born at Washington. The second marriage was to Mrs. Dora Brock, widow of the late Dr. William A. Brock, of St. Joseph. They have three children : Eudora, Margaritta and Spencer Lee.

The maternal grandfather of Dr. France was Capt. Thomas Boyle, probably one of the bravest men and one of the most intrepid sailors that ever commanded a privateer vessel in the service of the United States. As commander of the "Comet," a privateer from Baltimore, Maryland, he did some of the most efifective fighting along the Atlantic Coast during the War of 1812. While he made the name of his ship feared in all waters, he made in connection with it a mark of such heroism and of such material benefit, that he had at his service the seasoned seamen all along the seaboard. While it is impossible to mention the hundreds of prizes captured by this little vessel, under Captain Boyle, there was one memorable occasion which has been made the subject of brush and pen almost to the present time.

Up to the end of the first year of the War of 18 12, Maryland alone had sent out 40 armed vessels, as privateers, in accordance with a system of fighting that was then carried on in every struggle between nations with water betweeiT! One of these was the "Comet." It was commanded by Captain Boyle, had a crew of 120 well-trained men and carried six guns in a broadside, a swivel and a gun amidships. On the 9th of January, 1813, Ca])tain Boyle spoke a I'ortuguese coasting vessel, as it left the harbor of Pernambuco, Brazil, and from it learned that still in the harbor were three English vessels, all lieavily loaded and ready to sail for Europe.

This was welcome news to Captain P.oyle and until the 14th of the month he kejit his vessel tacking back and forth, watching for the English vessels to come out. At the first indications, the privateer sailed a little out of view, but as soon as they cleared the harbor, the "Comet" was after them. About six o'clock it was discovered that one of the vessels was a man-of-war brig and Captain Boyle hoisted the American flag. The other vessel put up the Portuguese flag and indicated that its commander wished to speak to the captain of the privateer. Accordingly the latter hove to and the Portuguese commander was welcomed aboard the privateer, where he discovered that he also was on an armed ship and was meeting a very brave and determined officer. The Portuguese commander, with great politeness, informed Captain Boyle that his ship carried 20 32-pounders and a crew of 165 men. Captain Boyle is reported to have given voice to his admiration. When the Portuguese captain protested at the attitude of Captain Boyle, the latter replied "This is an American cruiser. We are on the high seas, the highway of all nations, and surely all these vessels belong to America just as much as to the king of Great Britain or the king of Portugal." Then Captain Boyle courteously showed iiis papers of authority, whereupon the Portuguese captain began to advise Captain Boyle in a manner that provoked the following reply : "I told him," writes the American captain in his log book, "that I was determined to exercise the authority I had and capture those vessels if I could. He said he would be sorry if anything disagreeable took place and that his ship was ordered to protect them." After considerable more conversation, the conference was closed by Captain Boyle announcing that he cared little for the superior strength of the opposing vessels and would soon put the matter to the test. Here were four vessels, each of the three smaller ones as large as his own and one nearly twice as large, against him ; the Portuguese mounting 20 guns, the English ship 14 and the smaller brigs 10 guns apiece, making 54 guns against 14.

Shortly after the Portuguese captain returnetl to his ship, he asked Captain Boyle to return his visit, but the latter declined on account of the growing darkness, and then he squared his yards and made all sail for the nearest English ship, the large one, and so fast a sailor was the "Comet," and so (|uick in stays, that she could shuttle back and forth in such a manner that it was difficult for the larger and clumsier vessels to kee]) track of her. When the privateer came up with the English shi]). Captain Boyle ordered her to back her main top-sail or he would fire a broadside into her. So great was the headway of the privateer, however, that she shot past, and had to lufi^ above the other's bows. Captain Boyle again hailing and saying he was coming down on the other side.

Col. Samuel Russell

and was closely pursuing the American vessel, but the latter now let drive her broadside at the ship, and one of the smaller brigs tacked quickly and then found the man-of-war close alongside. Then the Portuguese opened up her broadside on the "Comet," which the latter returned with tremendous efifect, and, tacking again, let go her starboard battery at the third English vessel, which was now closing in. The daring little "Comet," almost surrounded, loaded and fired, keeping close to the English vessels and making every broadside tell and firing at the man-of-war whenever she came within range. The British vessels separated at last to give their protector a better chance but by the time the Portuguese was ready to fire, the American vessel had spun around and was out of danger, a clever ruse which Captain Boyle well knew how to manage. At 1 1 o'clock, the big shi]) surrendered, heing cut almost to pieces, and as soon as its colors were hauled down. Captain Boyle gave the first brig a broadside, down came her flag and she also surrendered. She proved to be the "Bowes" of Liverpool.

It was bright moonlight and the sea was running very high, but a boat was manned and lowered with a prize crew which made for the last capture. When the heavily laden boat was a short distance from the "Comet," around the bows of the captured ship came the man-of-war and fired a broadside at the row boat, which nearly swamped it and it was taken up bv the "Comet." All who knew Captain Bovle could have predicted what followed. The privateer headed for the Portuguese vessel and soon had the satisfaction of driving the former entirely out of the field, leaving the third vessel to its fate. There was no other alternative and, in the thick darkness which has now settled down over the waters, it hauled down its colors also to the gallant commander of the "Comet." This was long before the day of the searchlight, and all Captain Boyle could hope to do was to stand guard o\-er them in the deep darkness until dawn would appear to enable his men to properly tow the prizes to port. As soon as it was light, it was discovered that the little fleet had drifted toward land and the Portuguese ship had once more joined them and had begun to make a pretense of fight. Like a dart went the "Comet" to meet her. l)ut after the Portuguese man-of-war had signalled the two sinking vessels, the "George" and the "Gambier," to make for the shore, it followed. Captain Boyle concluded it unwise to follow further, both vessels being comj^letely destroyed- for further usefulness and the man-of-war reaching Fernambuco in a sinking condition.