Prairie Township (part 1 of 4)

Prairie Township

SouaethiDg more than one thirtl of this township v.-.is talcen off in 1880, to lorni Burton township, leaving it as it is now in area, about fifty squr.re miles. It is bouniled on the noith l)y Kandolph couuly, on the east by liniton township, on the south by Uielnuond town-'hip, and on the west by Chariton township.

Physical Featukes

This township unlike any other in the county, included originally a prairie, which constituted about one-fourth of its area. This portion of the same was called Foster's prairie, after Silas Foster, who settled there at an early day. The surface of the township consists of hills and nndulations, but the soil is rich and constitutes a fine agricultural region. Bonne Femme creek finds its source in this township, in a niunber of snnill confluents which drain the southern jiarl of tlie same. Cabin creek with other streams, water the township in various directions.

Early Settlers

Prairie township being a little remote from the river, was not settled as early as some other districts of the county. The pimieers were partial to large streams and great forests. They drew mucli of their sustenance from both, and so long accustomed were they to the sound of the winds passing through the branches of the trees, that sheltered the door-yards of their former homes, that, in the selection of a site for a new location, they did so, with special reference to the convenience of the former and immediate proximity of the latter. Prairie township not presenting to the eve of the earlv settler, the

;Klv;intai;-es of timber unci water to siieh v.n extent as he <le>ired, it was not so e.irlv and so densely populated as the townships i)ordering upon the Missouri.

Tiio tirst persons to locate in tlie township were Silas Inyart, W'm. Harvey, Durlin Wright, Uinjihrey Bess and John Titus. These t'^ok ehiiuis about three miles soutli of the town of Roanol<e. Tlmmas T'atterson, father of Rice Patterson, settled the place where Captain Finks now lives, in 1817,v,iiere he n::ade small ini[)rov<^ments. J'resley, "Willianv and Frank Holly, came in 1821 : also, Stephen, -Jolni and William Green, and Wesley, Asa and George Thompson. William Shores, a Methodist preacher, was an early settler. Benjamin Williams opened a farm about four miles v/est of Rc.inoke at an early day.

Lott Hackley located in the southern part of the township, and David Crews in the central portion of the same. Richard Lee was an early settler. The following parties settled in the township fron) 1819 tol8:.'5: Nathaniel Morris, Alfred Williams, Harrison Daly, James Hardin, Love Evans, George Foster, Robert James, Levi Markl.md, Asa O. Tlicmpson, Michael Ribb, Jonas Ro!>b, Reuben Anderson, Philip Prather, Patrick Woods, William Padgett, Silas Foster, Leyton Yancy, William Drinkard, Haniau Gregg, Garland Maupin, Charles Denny, James Ramsey, A. Williams, Joseph Fo-ter, Martin Gibson, John Cross, Jackson Thorp, Joseph Rundel, Willi-.m Maupin, William Green, Wesley Green, John King, James King, Tljomas Graves, John Snoddy, Walker Saoddy, David Martin, William Richardson, David Gross, William Plutson, Stokely Mott, John Fennel, Thomas Simmons, David, James and Irvin Lee, John Page, William INlontgomery, Peter Ford, Sr., Asa Kerby, M. Lane, Franklin Wood, Garrett Trumble, William Arch and Padtly AVoods, David White, John Warford, James Snyder, I.,ynch Turner, James Denny, -lohn T. Cleveland. .John Broadus, James Hackley, Charles Harvey, William James, "William McCully and George Jackson.

This is a. bright, new town, located on the line of the Chicago and Alton railroad, and was lai<l out in the spring of ISTii. It is surrouudcd by a beautiful and fertile country, about eight miles from Glasgow. The first Inisiness house was completed and occupied by P. A. Wooley. Flagg and Prather, began the erection of a building about the same time, but did not get their stock of goods inti> it as soon as V/ddlcy. SaiiUK-1 Pralher was the first postmastev. The next building was a hotel, and erected by one, ililehani. The town contains one church edifice, built by ditl'ercnt denominations as a union church ; throe dr}' goods stores, t\^'o groceries, two drugstores, one lumber yard and two blacksmitlis.

Roanoke was originally settled by Vicirinians, wlio were great admirers of that eccentric, but talented man, John Eandolph, of Roanoke, and named the new town after his elegant country seat - Roanoke. It was laid out in 1834, on the east half of the southeast quarter of section 10, and west lialf of the southwest quarter of section 11, township 52, range 1C>.

James Head erected the first house in the town, as a business hou-^e (weneral store) : he was also the first postmaster. C. K. P^vans is the present postmaster.

Tlio town contains two cliurchcs, one a Missionary Baptist ;ind the other a Union church, two dry good stores, two groceries, two drug stores, one tin sliop and stove store, two saddlers, two milliner-, two blacksmiths, one t'urniturc store, one excellent public school, ami one boardmg-house.

Roanoke was the place for holding the great central fair for several years after ISiifi; tliis fair was sustained by Howard, Randoipli and Chariton conntie>.

History Of Howard Axd Chariton Coc.Nties

There have been no changes made in Moniteau township since its reorganization and establishment, in 1821. It is one of the largest municipal divisions in the county, embracing an area of about seventy square miles. It is bounded ou the north b}' Bonne Fennne townshi[>, on the east by Boone county, ou the south by i3oone and Cooper counties, and on the west b}- Franklin and Elchniond townships.

Physical Features

This township was once covered with a tine gro>vth of timber. The land away from the river and the larger streams is usually high and rolling. The soil is rich, and mauv farmers have here l)uikled elegant homes. Water facilities are good. The ^loniteau creek, after -vhich the township received its name, traverses the entire length of its territory, while Salt creek waters other ]:)ortions of the same. Plentv of Iniilding stone and coal, the latter but poorly developed, is found.

Early Settlements

The settlement of this township began comparatively early - 1812. At this period Price Arnold located ou section 23. He was from Mercer county, Kentucky, and arrived in Franklin township in I'^ll. Here he remained until the following }"ear, and took a claim where his graiuUon, ^Matthew Arnold, Esq., now resides. The same year he was joined by 'William Head, who caiue from Washington county, Virginia. In the latter part of that year ( 1812), these two gentlemrn selected :' sight and began the erection of Fort Head, named in honor of Mr. Head, named above, who wa^ chosen cajitain of the little l)and, formed for the defense of the small colony again-t the anticipated attacks of the aborigines. It is impossil)ie to give the names of all the settlers at this late date, who sought refuge in the fort. We will, however, give the names of such as]we have been enabled to get, and felicitate ourselves over the] fact that we have snatched even these from the sea of forgetfulnes5,*whither they, and all recollections concerning them, are so raiiidly tendiiiL:'. Their nanu-s are Price Arnold, William Head, Jaine-< Piiios, William Pipes. .bi-cph Austin, Perrin CoolLy, .a Methodist miiii-ter. Pi-ter Creas;Mi, and

Heiirv Lemons. After the clo.^c of hostilities, in 1815, iniinigralion at once set in, and many valuable accessions to the popuhitioii were made.

* Gerrard Eobinson arrived in 1S19 ; Patrick in 1819 ; Waddy T. Ciirrau in 181P : George Pipes in 1817 ; Pleasant Pipes in 1818 ; John Gray in ]S17 ; Ephraiin Thompson in 1817 ; James Hollom in 1817 -. Solomon Barnett and Znceheus Barnett in 1818; Thomas Tipton in 1^20 ; and Federal Walker in 18-23. These were generally from Kentucky, the others from Virginia. In 1819, quite a number of settlers came from Todd county, Kentucky, and made a settlement in the northeastern part of the township, chief among whom were Colonel Benjamin Reeves, afterwardslieiitenant-govcrnor of Missouri, "William L. Reeves, Benjamin Givens, Edward Davis, Colonel Joseph Davis. Judoe Edward Davis, and Colonel Horner.

The town of Sebree was laid out on a part of the snuthea~t quarter and part of the northeast quarter of section 18, township ."I'l, range 14. The town was located on the projected line of the Louisiana and Mississippi railroad. The road, however, never having been built, the town did not thrive.

Burton town>hip was created in 1880. It was taken from Prairie, Richmond and Bonne Femme townships. Its boundary as fixed by the county court, is as follows : Beginning at the Randolph count;/ line between ranges 1.5 and IG ; thence south to the line between sections 19 and .30, township 51, range 15 ; thence east one mile; thence south one mile to the line between townships 50 and 51 : thence cast to the line dividing sections 35 and 3i), township 51, range 15 ; thence north to the county line : thence west with said line to the beginning. It adjoins Randolph county on the north, Bonne Femme township on the east, Richmond townshii) on the south, and Prairie township on the west.

A portion of this township is prairie. The general surface iuneven, but as an agricultural region it is perhaps not surpassed i)y any other township in the county. The township is watered by the Bonne Femme and Salt Fork creeks. Both limstono and coal are found.

This town is located on the lino of tlic Missouri, Kansas and Texas railroad, and contained a population in 1880, of 12ii ; the population now (1883) is considerably more. The l>usine5s includes several stores, general assortnient, a blacksmith shop, etc. The Patrons of .Husbandry have at this point (the only one in tlie county) a co-operative store. There is a hotel and one church edifice. The i-ailroad company have here a good and sufEcient depot.

Boxxe Femme Townshii'. Boindauy

Bonne Femnie township I'eniains as it was originally formed, in 1821, excepting sections 11, IJ, 1-5, 22, 23, have since been taken otF, and added to the new towu'^hip of Burton. Bonne Femme is situated in the northeastern portion of the county, and is bounded on the north by Eandolph, on the east by Boone comity, on the south by Moniteau town-hip, and on the west by Burton, and Prairie townships.

This township, like Howard county generally, is a timbered district, there being all the varieties known to this latitude. The surface is hilly and undulating, and in some pcntions of the township, the country is broken and the soil is thin. Limestone abounds. The Bonne Femme and Moniteau creeks, which empty into the ^Missouri river, are fed by numerous small tributaries, which have their source in this to^vn:^hip.

Eahey Settlers

The first settlers of Bonne Femme, like the early settlers of the other townships, have all passed away. Among these, were 'Sir. Winn, the father of Judge G. J. Winn; there was also Henry ]Myer, whose father lived at Myer's post-oiBce (Bunker Hill), which was named after him. Bunker Hill contains a post office, a blacksmith shop, and store, ilyer was prominent in politics, having been a member of the State senate. There were among the prominent old -settlers Ellis Walker and Charles Literal. Among others, were James Dougherty, Sr., Franklin Dougherty, John T. Doughei-ty, Joel J. Greggsby. Benjamin T. Saunders, M. H. Baily, Thomas Ancill, John Aslibury, John K. Hitt, Geonre W. Potter, Binl New- luai!, Jaim-s G. Muir, George Kirl)y, J. H. Blakely, Eiiyaixl Mu'icrly, Daniel Palmatorv, Daniel Gilvion, Jacob C. Williams. Jaclc-jou Han-is, William K. Woods, Peter Woods, Silas B. Naylor, Jo-ei-h 15. Andrews, Wni. Jones. Wni. Arnctt and John Fisher. The present population of the township has principally sprung from Kentucky and North Carolina. The people are a moral, industrious ela^s of citizens, and are successful farmers, their princijial products heing wheat and tohacco, though grass is grown to advantage. The lirst church in this township, was organized by the Baptists, in 1819, at Myer's.

Chapter Xi

Introductory Kemarkt - Bench and Bar of Old Fmnklin - Judge David Barton - Judi;e Geortje Tompkin? - Judge }»[athin3 McGirk - Judi,'e .\biel Leonard - A Duel - Judge Leonard and ilajor Tavlor Berry the Participants - Correspondence between Them - Their Trip to \Volf Island - The Duel - Kesuit - Judge David Todd - ChtiHes French, Esq. - Governor Hamilton R. Gamble - Judge John F. Kyland - Bench and Bar of Fayette - Judcre James H. Birch - Hon. Joe Davis - Judge James W. Morrow - Hon. Kobert T. Prewiti - Governor Thomas Keynolds - General Itobert Wilson - General John B. Ciark, Sr. - Judge V>'m. B. Xapton - Present Member' of the Fayette Bar - Criminal Record - General Ignatius P. Owen - AVashington Hill and David Gates - Price Killed Allen Burton - Lucky and Satl'arans - Hays Killed Brown - Oliver Perry McGee Killed Thomas P. White - John Chapman Killed - Stephen Bynum Killed Joel Fleming - Murder at a Picnic.

Horace Grecl}- once said that the only good u:re a lawyer could be put to was haiiirintr, and a great nKiny other people entertain the same opinion. There ma}' be cause for condemning the course of certain practitioners of the law, but the same may be said within the ranks of all other professions. Such men should not be criticised as lawyers, doctors, or the like, init rather as individuals who seek through a profession that is quite essential tu the welfare of the body politic as the science of medicine is to that of the physical M'ell being, or theology to the perfection of the moral nature, to cany out their nefarious and dishonest designs, which are usually for the rapid accumulation of money, although at times far more evil and sinister pur[)03es, ami which are the instincts of naturally depraved and vicious natures. None of the professions stand alone in being thus atHicted. All suffer alike. The nmst holy and sacred offices have been prostituted to btise uses. And it would be quite as unreasonable to hold the entire medical fraternity in contempt fur the malpractice and quackery of some of its unscrupulous members, or the church, with its thousands of sincere and noble teachers and followers, in derision for the hypocrisy and deceit of the few, who simply use it as a chtak to conceal the intentions of a rotteu heart and a corrupt nature, as to saddle upon a piDfession as great as either, the shortcomings of some of its indivii.lual mem.bers.

Bv a wise or.liiKitioii of I'roviiloiu-e, law ;uk1 order govern cverythiiig ill the vast and coni})lex sj.slem of the universe. Law is cverythiiiLT - hiwvers nothiiitr. L:nv would still exist, though every one of its professors and teaehers should perish from the face of the earth. And should such a thing occur, and a new race sin-ing up, the first instructi\'e desire of its hest men. would he to Iniiig order out of clnios h}' tlie enaetnient and promulgation o!' and Ijencliciul laws. Law in the abstract is as much a component part of our planet as are the elements, earth, air, fire and water. Li a concrete sense, as applied to the government of races, nations, and people, it pdays almost an equally important part. Lideed, so grand is the science and so noble are the objects sought to be accomplished through it, that it ha- inspired some of the best and greatest men of ancient and modern times to an investigation and study of its principles, and in the long line of great names handed down to us fnnn the dim and shadowy portrds of the jiasl, quite as many great men will be found enrolled as niembers of the legal profession as in any of the others, and owe their greatness to a sound knowledge of the princii)les of law, and a strict and impartial ai)i>lication of them. Draco, among the first and greali.st of Athenian law-givers, was hailetl as the deliverer of those people because of his enacting laws and enforcing them for the prevention of vice and crime, and looking to the protection of the masses from oppression and lawlessness. It is tiaie that many of the penalties he attached to the violation of the law were severe, and even barbarous, but this severity proceeded from an honorable nature, with an earnest desire to improve the condition of his fellow-men. Triptolemus, his contemporary, proclaimed as laws : " Honor your parents, worship thi- God~. hurt not animtds."' Solon, perhaps the wise^^t and greatest of them all, a man of remarkable purity of life and noble impulses, who>e moral character was so great, and conviction as to the public good so strong, that he could and did refuse supreme and despotic power when thrust upon him, and llui:> replied to the sneers of his friends : -

Nor wisdom's plan, nor dc-p laid policy, Can Solon boast. For, when its noble blessings Heaven poured into his lap. he spurned them from him. "Where were his sense and spirit, when enclosed He found the choicest pray, nor deigned to draw it? Who to command fair Athens but one day "Would not himself, with all his race, have fallen Contented on the morrow?

viz. : t!i:it tliu widest and tiTeatost of all la\v-!inikt.r< and la\v\ci-^ have always l,>eeii pure and good men, perhaps the uiosl nolaldo oxccptioii>; being Justinian and Tribonianus. Their great learning and wisdom enabled them to rear as their everlasting nionunient, the Pandects and Justinian Code, which, howe\'er, they sadly defaced ii}' the inniioralities and excesses of their private lives. Among the revered and modern nations M'ill be found, conspicuous for their great service^ to their fellows, innumerable lawyers. To the Frenchnum the mention of the names of Tronchet, Le Brun, Portalis, Roederer, and Thibaudcau excites a thrill pride for greatness and of gratitute for their goodness. What Englishman, or American either, but that takes jwat pride in the splendid reputation and character of the long line of England's loyal hnvyer sons? Tiie Bacons, father and son, who, with Lord Burleigh, were selected by England's greatest fjuecn to ;idniinister the ati'airs of state, and Somers and Ilardwicke, Cowper and Dunning, Elden, Blackstoue, Coke, Stowell, and Curran, who, with all the boldness of a giant and eloquence of Demosthenes, struck such \igorf>us blows against kingly tyranny and o[)pression ; and ]{lskine and Mansiield and a score of others.

These are the men who form the criterion by which the profession should be judged. And in our own country, have we not names among the dead as sacred and among theliving a? dear? In the bright Ijages of the history of a country, founded for the sole lienelit of the people, and all kinds of people, who, more than imr lawyers, are re- (.airded as assisting in its formation, preservation, and working for its perpetuity?

The American will ever turn with special pride to the great Webster, Kufus Choatc, William Wirt, Taney, Marshall, and a hundred others, who rellected the greatest honor upon the profession in our own country. And among the truest and best sons of [Missouri are her lawyers, and even in the good county of old Howard, some of her most highly esteemed and most responsible citizens are members of this noble profession.

Franklin was especially noted for its corps of able and profound lawyers, many of whom afterwards attained state and national reputations. Below, will be found brief, biographical sketches of the earliest and most prominent members of the Franklin bar beginning with -

Judge David Harton

He was a native of Greene county, Tennessee; of poor, but respectable parents. Settled in St. Louis, before Missouri was admitted into the Union. He was the first United States senator elected from Missouri. Col. Thomas H. Beaton was his colleague. He was the presiding officer of the constitutional convention of the state in 1820. Served in the state senate from 1834 to 1835. He was the fir?t circuit judge, that presided over a Howard county court - in 1816 - residing at Franklin. Although deficient in his early education, he possessed a good command of language and was an eloquent, sarcastic and witty speaker. He died near Boonville, Cooper county, in September, 1837, and left no family.

Judge George Tomfki.Ns

Was born in Carolina county, Virginia, in March, 1780. Came to St. Louis, about the year 1803, and taught school and read law at the same time. He located in Old Franklin about the yearl817. He was a meml)er of the legislature (territorial) when that body sat at St. Charles. Li 1824, he was appointed judge of the supreme court of Missouri. He died at Jefferson City in 1846. That he was a tine jurist and a man of spotless integritj', admits of no doubt. Like Judge Barton, he left no f:imiiy.

Judge Mathias Ji'Girk

This popular and able jurist, was one of the first three judges appointed to the supreme bench of ^lissouri, in 1820. He was a native of Tennessee. Was born in 1790. Came to St. Louis when quite young ; nioved to Montgomery county, and afterwards settled in Franklin. He remained on the bench until 1841. IHs opinions will be found in the first six volumes of ^Missouri rej^orts. He was a member of the territorial legislature and was the author of the bill to introduce the common law into Missouri.

This eminent lawyer, was born in Windsor, Vermont, May 16, 1797. In 1819, at the age of 21 years, he came to St. Louis, descending the Ohio river in a skirt' from Pittsburgh. Eemained in St. Louis but a few days and then started on foot for Franklin, which he reached after recovering from a spell of sickness, which he had at St. Charles. He, however, after teaching a six months" school in the vicinity of Franklin, located first at BoouviUe, where he remained two years and then returned to Franklin. In 1834, he was elected to the legislature ; revised the l:i\vs of the state in ly31-5, aiul was appointed a judge ut the supreme court upon the resignation of Gov. Gamble. As a jurist, !ie h:)d no superior in the state. Judge Leonard moved to Fayette in 1824.

Having given ahnve a brief biographical sketch of Judge Leonard, we deem it [iroper, in this conneotinn, to mention the duel he had with Majnr Taylor Berry, and reproduce tlie correspondence that passed lietween the two gentlemen, prior to theii' meeting, wdiich terminated so fatally to one of the participants. Major Berry, at the time of the ditliculty, was residing in the town of Old Franklin . He was a Kentuckian by l^irth, high strung and ipiick to resent an itisult, whetlier offered to himself or to his friend.

In June, 1824, a law suit occurred in the town of Fayette, in' which Judge Leonard and Major Berry were interested as attorneys. Leonard had cross-examined a witness in court - a witness who had testified in the interest of Major Berry - and had done it in such a manner as to greatly oflend both the witness and Berry. After court had adjourned for noon, the witness threatened to make a personal assault on Leonard in the street, should he meet him. Berry hearing of what the witness had said in reference to assaulting Leonard, told him to never mind, let him attend to Leonard. It was noticed that Berry held in his hand, a black, horse whij), and at'tcr Leonard had repaired to his lioarding-house, and eaten his dinner, he was met l)y Berry, in front of the hotel, who struck him several times with the whi[). Berry being a much stronger man physically than Leonard, the latter being luiarmed too, could make but slight resistance. The insult thus offered, and the manner in which it was done, so outraged tlie feelings of Judge Leonard, as a man and citizen, that he at once determined to send Berry a challenge which he accordingly did.

urging the ohjeotions wliieli I luigbt have to the note itsell', or tn the demund it contains, I shall answer it, to redeem ii promise which I made at Fayette (in passion) that 1 would give you the denuuided interview. My business, whicli emiiraces many duties to others, will require my personal attention until alter the iirst of Sejitember next, after which time, any further delay will be asked from you only.

Shortly before the meeting took place between Judge Leonard and Major Bcny, Leonard was arrested Ijy direction of Judge Todd, and required to give bond in the sum of $5,000 to keep the peace. He said to the judge, " Name the amount of the bond, for I am determined to keep my appointment with Major Berry." Xear the close of August, the parties, \vith their seconds and surgeons, proceeded down the river, having previously entered into - through their seconds - the following stipulation, to meet at some point near New Madrid on the Mississippi river, in the southern jjart of the state : -

AVe, Thonuis J. Boggs and Angus L. Langham, appointed by Abiel Leonard and Taylor Berry to act in the capacity of their friends iu a personal interview they are to have, and to agree u[)on the terms by which the said parties sliall be governed in the combat, do agree, the said Thomas J. Boggs for and on behalf of Abiel Leonard, and the said Angus L. Langham for and on behalf of Taylor Berry, to the terms and regulations following, to-wit : The place of meeting shall be nt some point, either in Kentucky, Tennessee or Arkansas, which shall be most convenient to the to^vn of New Madrid - the particulars to be determined by the seconds, who, for that purpose, as well as for the making of any other necessary arrangement, shall meet in the town of New Madrid on the third day previous to the time specitied in this instrument for the personal meeting of the parties, at ten o'clock, a. m. The time for the personal meeting of the parties is fixed on the first day of September next, at ten o'clock in the morning. The arms to be used by the parties shall he pistols, each party choosing his own, without any restriction as to the kind, except that ritle iiistols are prohiliitcd. The distance shall be ten paces of three feet each. The position of the parties shall be side to side, so as to lire without wheeling. When the parties have taken their positions, the question " Are you ready? "" shall be asked, to which the answer shall be " Yes. " If either inirty answer negatively, or in other terms, the question shall be rejjeated. When both parties answer " Yes, " the word " Fire " is to l)e given ; upon which the parties shall tire within the time crf counting eight, which shall lie slowly and audibly done. As soon as the person counting finishes, he shall order " Stop, " which shall be the word (if cessation for that fire.

The choice of po>itiuiJS shull he determuieil by lot, as well a< the u'lvintr the wonl. - The countiiio- shall be done by the sccoiul \vho loses the word. If the pistol of either party shall snap or fla?h, it shall be considered a lire. If a shade cannot be obtained, the parties shall stand on a line across the sun. A. L. Langham,

On their way to New Madrid, Judge Leonard and his second stopped over niglit at St. Louis, and while at the hotel, some of the police, who had, in some unknown way, heard of what was going on, went to the hotel to arrest Judge Leonard, but was frustrated l.n' the ingenuity of ^Ir. Boegs. As they entered the room they asked for the judge, when Mr. Boggs rose and said, " That is ray name. " They at once arrested him, which gave Leonard a chance to escap e. Finding they liad the wrong man, Mr. Boggs wa.- released and proceeded on his way to New Madrid, wliere he arrived in good time. The place selected was V\'(ilf Island, which is located in the lov,-er Mississippi river, about thirty miles lielow Cairo, Illinois. The writer hereof, visited the island in ISGO, and can testify to the fact that no more fitting spot for such a meeting could have lieen found in all the country. Here on this island, isolated from the main shore, with only their seconds and surgeons present, and beneath the shadows of an almost impenetrable forest, they fought a bloody duel - one of the actors therein trying to vindicate his insulted honor, and the other fighting to redeem a promise " made in passion. " Berry fell at the first fire, shot through the breast, and would have finally recovered from the wound, which was not considered mortal, had it not been for taking cold. He had neai'ly recovered and was preparing to return home, when he contracted a cold and died at New Madrid. Dr. J. J. Lowery was Major Berry's surgeon, and Dr. Dawson, of New Madrid, was Judge Leonard's.

Judge David Todd

Few of the early judges of ilissouri were better known than David Todd. He was a native of Kentucky, where he was born aljout the vear ITI'O, in Favette county. lie came to Missouri at an early diiy, and located in Old Franklin. He was aj^pointyd judLTC of the Howard circuit. He ^vas an impartial, conscientious and ujiriirht judge. He died in CoUunliia, Boone county, in 18-59.

Charles Frexch, Esq

Like Judge Leonard, the .suliject of our sketch was born in New England, - Hillsboro' county. New Haniijshire, - about the 3'ear ITl'T. Soon after he attained his nnijority, he emigrated \rest and settled in Old Franklin, where he remained in the practice of huv until l.'^.i'.i, when he settled in Lexington, Missouri. As a hn\ yer, his st}le Ma-~ clear and strong. He was offered the judgeship of his circuit, but declined. Li a fit of mental derangement, -while visiting a friend near Lexington, ^Missouri, he cut his throat and terminated his life.

Gov. Hamilton' R. Ga.Mble

The subject of this sketch was a native of Winchester Virginia, where he was l)orn November '29. 1798 : camo to St. Louis in 1818, and soon after removed to OUI Franklin. He was aii[)ointed prosecuting attnrnc_y just after his arrival at Franklin. In 18-_'4, he was appointed secretary of state liy Gov. Bates. He then removeil to St. Louis. In LSiG, he roproscntctl Fraidilin county in the le^rislature. In 1851, he became a judge of the supreme court - presidinir justice. In February, 18()1, he was made governor of Missouri. He filled every position to \vhich he was called ^vitli marked ability, arid died in 18G4.

King and Queen county, Virginia, v.-as the birthplace of Judge Ryland. that event occurring in November, 1797. He settled in Ohl Franklin in 1819 and practised law until I80O, when he was appointed judge of the sixth judicial circuit. In 184:8, he was appointed jud:;e of the supreme court. He died in 1873. He was one of God's noblemen, and bore the judicial rol)e with a dignity suited to the high and responsible position - neither strained nor assumed, Ijut easy, natural and commanding-.

canie to Favette, Howard county, Mis.-fouri, in 1827, and established the Western Mom'tor. He was t'uruierly from rvlouti^onieiy county, Vii-^rinia, M'here he was bora in 1804. He v.-as clerk of tlie lower house of the General Assembly in 1828-0 ; afterwards secretary oi' the senate and a member of the state senate. In 18-1.3, he was appointed register of the landotlice ; in 1849, he was api^oiuted judge of the supreme court of the slate. He was a member of the constitutional convention in ISiil. He died in Clinton county, near' Plattshurg, in 1878.

Hon. Joe Davis

He was born in Christian county, Kentucky, in January, 1804, ;ind came with his parents to Missoui'i in 1818 and settled near Fayette. He was a clerk in the land ofSee at Franklin, jHirsued the study of his profession part of the time with Gen. John "\\'ils(in and the remainder with Edward Bates, of St. Louis. He first opened an ofEce in Old Franklin, l)ut afterwards removed to Fayette. He was one of the commissioners to lay out a road from Missouri to Santa Fe, New ^Icxico. He was made colonel of a regiment in the Indian war, and commanded a brigade in-'the Mormon ditliculties. He served in the legislature from 1844 to 1864. He died ill October, 1871.

Like a vast majority of the early settlers of Howard county. Judge Morrow came from Kentucky (Bath county), where he wa-- born in 181U. He settled iu Fayette in 1836, and was soon after appointed judge of the Cole circuit, which position he held till his death. He made a good judge, and gave general satisfaction,

Hun. Robert T. Prewitt

The subject of this sketch was a native of Bourbon county, Kentucky, and was born in August. 1818. His father emigrated to Howard county in 1824, and Robert, after getting his license, entered upon the practice of the law al)out 181.T, at Fayette. Iji 1852, he was appointed circuit attorney of the .-rcdiid judicial district. He became a meniljer of the coiHtitutional conveiUioii iu was also a Kentu'kian. ami was Ixiin in Bracken conntv in 17i'i.;_ He can)e to lllinijis in early lit'o, ami tilled tlie several ottiee? ot' cleik of tlie hou>e of representative.-, sjieaker of the house, att(n'ne\"- general, and judire of the supreme court. In 1829, he moved to Fayette,. r\Iis~ouri, and \vas soon elected u member of the legislature and then appointed a circuit judge. lu '1840, he was elected governor of Missouri. In 1844, he died the death of a suicide from a gun-shot wound, inflicted by his own hands. His mind was as clear as aViell. and his power of analysis very great.

Gex. Kobert Wilson

In November, 1796, near .Staunton, Augusta county, Virginia. General Robert Wilson was born. In the spring of 1820 lie located at Old Franklin. After the removal of the county .seat of Howard county to Fayette he located there. He was appointed probate judire in 1823, of Howard county. About 1828, he was appointed clerk of the circuit and county courts of Randolph county. Was appointed brigadier-general of militia in 1838. He was a member of the le^dslature in 1844-4.5. and soon after of the state senate. Was a member of the constitutional convention in 1861, and a nicmber of the United States senate in 1862. He died in 1877, in California.

Genekal .John B. Clark, 8R

Among the many distinguished protessional men who came to Howard county at an early- day was General John B. Clark, »8'r., who still survives at his home in Fayette, at the advanced age of ei;;lnv years. He was born in Madison county, Kentucky, in 1802, and came with his father's family to Howard in 1818. He was appointed clerk of the county court in 1823: elected captain of militia in 1823, colonel in 1825 : participated in the Indian war in 1829 ; in the Blackhawk war in 1832 ; twice wounded ; elected brigadier-general of militia in 1830, major-general in 1836. In 1849, he was elected to the legislature, and in 1854 elected to congress, whither he went for three successive terms. Became brigadier-general in the Confederate army in the war of 18G1 ; was a member of the Confederate states conu'i'cs? and senate-. The general, even now ( 188-3), possesses a strong mind and a vigorous memory, and were it not for the fact tliat lie is almost blind from disease of the eyes, he would lie a remarkalily active man, notwithstanding his great age. During many years of his eventful life he was one of the most ]n-ominent wliig politicians of Missoui-i, and made, in l>e]ialf of his party, some of tlie ablest and mo.>t aggressive campaigns that were ever made in the state. lie lias affiliated with the Democratic party since 1854. As a lav;yer General Clark was very successful and was always strong before a jur\'.

Among tlie prominent men of Fayette was Judge W'm. B. Napton. He was a native of New Jersey, where he was born about the year 1810. Came to Fayette in 1833, and began the publication of the Boone's Lick Democrat. He was soon afterwards appointed attorney-general of the state, and about the year 1S40, was appointed a judge of the supreme court. Judge Napton was a modest, unobtrusive man, but made one of the best judges of the supreme court the state has had. He died in 18.'^2.

Puese-Nt Membeus Of Tue Bar

John J. Hawkins, resides at Glasgow. John V. Turner, resides at Glasgow. Thomas Shackelford, resides at Glasgow. R. B. Caples, resides at Glasgow.

Criminal Recoud

Considering the fact that Howard county has been organized for the period of sixty-seven years, one would naturally suppose that the number of crimes committed within its borders would be larcre, especially during the first thirty years of its existence ; but such is not the case. Upon the contrary crimes have been fewer in number than in almost any other county in the state, in proportion to the population and the age of the county.

General Ignatius P. Owen

Davis was a. ji'.wver of some eminence, and afterwanU- tilled several important ofKcial positions in Howard count}'. General (.)wL'n had commanded the militia in the early history of the county, and had been honored with the title of lirigadier g'eneral. At tiie time lie was killed, he was the proprietor of a hotel which stood upion the corner now oceu})ied hv the Inisiness house, of Bonghner, Tolson i^ Smith. Davi-^ liad a law otlicc on the same side of the street, southeast of the hotel, wljich was located where the millinery store of Mrs. Jasper is now situated. Owen and Davis had quarreled, and each entertained for the otlier very liitter feelings ; the former had been especially violent and denunciatory. Davi?. (known as Colonel due Davis) was sitting in his ofBce, as already stated, in the fall of 1S35. It was nearly noon. General Owen came to the door of the office and spoke in threatening language to the colonel, intimating that he would take his life when he attempted to leave his office. Colonel Davis told the general, in a quiet way, that if he did not leave, lie would kill him. Owen, however, remained, continuing to aljuse Davis, until the latter was ready to go to his dmner. Davis having, in the meantime, had hi- gun (a ritle) brought to him, raised it, and tocd-c deliberate aim at Owen, killing him almost instantly. Owen, physically, was a much larger man than Davis. The latter was acquitted. Davis was said to have been one of the linest shots in the country, and so skilled was he, in the use of hi- ritle, that he could as often drive the centre at sixty paces as the most sturdy and experienced hunter.

Washington Hill And David Cjates

In the spring of 18-37, there lived a family of three blind lirothers. within a few miles of Fayette. They earned their living by making chairs, which were prized more on account of their durability, than for their neatness of stvle and construction. These men were the owners of real estate, and sold a piece of land, from which they had realized a small sum of money. The day after the sale, the negroes went to the'ir house, for the [lurpose of getting the money, and intiieir eftbrts to accomplish their hellish design, they killed one of the brothers.

For this tlicv were avi-ested and ti'iud at the June tcnn of the court in 1837, found guilty and condemned to he imn^i-, and were ac- <-ordinglv executed, being the first persons ever hung in pursuance of a sentence of hnv in Howard county. The phice of the execution, was a pasture north of Fayette, which-was then the property of Gray Bynum. Here stood a h\rge oak tree, from one of the limbs of which, they were suspended, thus paying the penalty for their crime.

Price Killed Allen Hukton

John K. Price was the brother of General Sterling Price ; ho resided in Fayette and had been keeping hotel for several years at the period we mention ( 1838), and was. at that time operating a hotel at tlie east corner of the jniblic square. Price was generally respected as a quiet, law-abiding citizen, and being a lame man, he never engaged in personal encounters. Allen Burton was an otlensive braggart, and when drinking, an overbearing, violent and abusive man.

Burton went to Price's house one evening, about supper tune, and began to curse and upbraid him in an outrageous manner. Piice tola him not to attempt to enter his house. Burton, however, disregarded any and all warnings, started in, when Price shot and killed him. The sympathy of the people was all on the side of Price. He was arrested, tried and acquitted, and when the verdict of " not guilty," was announced iu the court-room, there was the wildest excitement among the large number of interested spectators, who had Ijeen present during the progress of the trial. The demonstrations of rejoicing were so great and continued, that tlie judge threatened to sen.d the parties making the disturbance to jail.

Lucky Killed Saffaeans

In the spring of 18.'i8, Fnoch Lucky killed Eiifus Saflarans. Lucky was a man well advanced in years, but strong and active for one of his age. Satfarans was young and stalwart, and physiealh' was said to be the equal of any man in the county. Both men frequented saloons when in Fayette, and had had one or two altercations when discussing their strength of limb and achievements as " fighters." On the day of tlie trau'ed}- they had been drinking, and nu't in a saloon, when Salf'arans took a walking cane from Lucky and beat him over the head and iiody, l)ruising him l)adly. On the night succeeding that day, Lucky prepared iiim-elf with a -liot-gun, and took his po-ition on the west side of the public .-square. ^ecretimr himself in a narrow allev butu-een two hmiscs, about midway the block, where he remained until near miilnight waiting ruul -w-atohing for Satl'arani, who passed that way in going to and returning from the saloon, which was at that time located in the rear of Bell's present (1883) grocery store.

The unfortunate victim, not knowing the terrible fate that was awaitiuc hiiu. finally passed in front of the concealed man, who hailed him and told him that he was going to kill him, and at the same moment discharged his wea|)on, killing Saffarans upon the spot.

The trial of this case elicited great interest. Lucky was confined in jail, where he remained for about a year before his trial took place, which was conducted in the Christian church edifice (the present courthouse being: then in process of erection). The prisoner was finally acquitted. John F. "Williams, prosecuting attorney, conducted the case in behalf of the state. Colonel Joe Davis, Robert T. Prewitt, John B. Clark, Jr., and A. J. llerndon appeared for defendant.

Hays Killed Brown

Ethelred J. Hays lived near the Chariton county line (Missouri), and w.is a farmer. John W. Brown was a book-peddler and merchant, residing in Glasgow, Howard county. In the year 1854, Hays had business relations with Brown, and asked him to change for him a fifty dollar bill. Hays was drinking at the time (he was in the habit of takinir an occasional spree), but was considered a very honest man. He charged Brown with having stolen his fifty dollars. Brown sued him for slander, and with the consent of the defendant and his attorneys. Brown was permitted to get a judgment for costs. Havs was a malicious, revengful man, and being in front of Brown's store afterwards, he took out his knife, remarking at tiie time, " that he had sharpened it to kill Brown with." He went iiu'> the store immediately from the pavement, and struck Brown on tiie head with a spade, which he got in the store, cleaving his skull, which caused instant death.

Hays was taken to Randolph county on a change of venue, where he was tried and sentenced to be hung. General Sterling Price wa* governor of the state at the time, and commuted his sentence to imprisonment for life. After he had served a few years in the penitentiary, Governor Robert M. Stewart pardoned him.

John Chapman'

This was also a case transferred I'roui Boone county, in 1S.5S. Chapman was indicted for killing , while he was plowing in his field. John F. Williams prosecuted, and .Tames S. Rollins, Odon Guitar and A. J. Herndon defended. Chapman was hung.

L. A. Willoughby Shoots And Kills U. L. Comstock

On Saturday, the 15th day of August, 1878, at a barbecue twelve miles east of Fayette, L. A. Willoughb}' shot and killed R. L. Conistock, a prominent and worthy citizen of the county.

Comstock, and his friend, a Mr. Davis, were conversim;, when "Willoughby walked up to where they were. Davis put hi.? hand in a friendly way on Willoughby's shoulder. Just as he did so Willoughby drew back and asked Davis if he meant to collar Kim. Davis told him that he only put his hand on his shoulder supposing he was his friend, "^.v'hile this conversation was going on between Davis and Willoughb}', Comstock very innocently put his hand in his pocket; as soon as Willoughby, who, it is said, was under the influence of liquor, saw Comstock's baud in his pocket, said " TVhat do you mean by fingering your pocket?" Conistock answered coolly, that he did not think it was any of his business. Willoughby drew his pi.stol and said : "I will show v'ou whether it is or not," at the same time firing on him. The ball took efi'ect in the abdomen of Comstock, who lived long enough to say, " Fni shot." "Willoughby was afterwards captured and taken to Fayette, but the murdered man's friends became so indignant that it was not thought prudent to confine "Willoughby in Howard county ; he was, therefore, taken to Cooper county and incarcerated. After being tried three times (having been sentenced to the penitentiary at one time ten _vears), he was finally cleared.

The Press

Introductory Remarks of a Historical Character - Missouri Intelligencer - Western Monitor - ^lif'Soarinn - Boone's Lick Times - Boone's Lick Deraocrnt- - Democratic ij(7««fr - lluvvard County Banna- - Howard County Advurttscr - Plonyhman - Inflependent - The Pilot - The Banner - Glasgow Times - Glasgow Xeios - The Glasgow Journal - Central J!/mso«)-!"c/i - Armstrong Autograph.

The press, the great luminar}' of liberty, is the hundmuid of progress. It heralds its doings and makes known its diseo\'eiies. It is its advance courier, whose coining is eagerly looked for and \vho>e arrival is hailed with joy, as it brings tidings of its latest acl;ievenients. The pre^s prepares tlie way and calls nianki'.id to winiess the apin-oaching procession of the trinmi)hal car of jirogrcss as it passes on down through the vale of the future. Wlicn the car of progress stops, the press will cease, and the intellectual and mental world will go down in darkness. The press is progress, and progress the jiress. So intimately are they related and their interests interwoven, that one cannot exist without the other. Progress made no advancement against the strong tides of ignorance and vice in the barbaric past until it called to its aid the press. In it is found its greatest discovery, its most valuable aid, and the true philosopher's stone.

The history of this great indu-tr}" dates back to the tifteeath century. Its discovery and subsequent utility resulted from the following causes and in the following iiiauner : Lanrcntius Coster, a native of Haerlem, Holland, while rambling through the forest contiguous to his native cit}", carved some letters on the bark of a birch tree. Drowsv from the relaxation of a holiday, he wrapped his carvings in a piece of paper and lay down to sleep. While men sleep progress moves, and Coster awoke to discover a phenomenon, to him simple, strange and suggestive. Dampened by the atmospheric moisture, the paper wrapped about his handiwork had taken an impression from them, and the surprised burgher saw on the paper an inverted image of what he had engraved on the bark. The phenomenon was suggestive, because it led to experiments that resulted in establishing a printing otSce, the first of its kind in the old Dutcli town. In this office John Guttn- (258) hurir served ,-i faitliful ami ajipreeintive appventicc^'aip, :iiul tVuni it, at the death of liis master, absconded during! a Christmas festival, taking with him a considerable portion of the t\'ne and appai'atiis. Gutenluirg settled in Mentz, where he won the friendship and partnership of John Faust, a man of sntfk-ient means to j^iace the enterprise on a secure financial basis. Several years Liter the partnership was dissolved because of a misunderstanding. Gutcnbnrg then formed a partnership with a younger brother, u'ho liad set ui) an ofiice at Strasburir, but had not been successful, and tiecoming involved in law suits, had lied from that city to join his brother at ]\Ientz. These brothers were the first to use metal types. Faust, after his dissolution with Gutenburg, took into partner>liip Peter SclioetTer, his servant, and a most ingenious printer. Sehoetfer privatclj' cut matrices for the whole alphabet. Faust was so pleased that he gave Schocfter his on!}' daughter in marriage. These are the great names in the early history of printing, and each is worthy of special honor.

Coster's discovery of wood blocks or plates, on which the page to be printed were engraved, was made some time between 144(1 and 1450, and Schoctler's improvement - casting the tyjie by means of matrices - was made about 14.5R. For a long time printing was dependent upon most clumsy apparatus. The earliest press had a contrivance for lunning the forms under the point of pressvire by means of a screw. AVhen the pressure was applied the screw was loosened, the form withdrawn and the sheet removed. Improvements were made upon these crude beginnings from time to time, until the hand press now in use is a model of simplicity, durability and execution. In 1814, steam was first supplied to cylinder presses by Frederick Konig, a Saxou genius, luid the svibseriuent progress of steam printing has been so remarkalile as to almost justify a belief in its ab-olute perfection. Indeed, to appreciate the improvement in [presses alone, one ought to be privileged to stand a while by the pressman who o[)- erated the clumsy machine of Gutenberg, and then he should step into one of the well-appointed modern printing otfices of our larger cities, where he could notice the roll of dampened paper entering the great power presses, a continuous sheet, and issuing therefrom as newspapers, ready I'or the carrier or express. The Romans, in the times of the emperors, had periodicals, notices of passing events, compiled and distributed. These daily events were the newspapers of that age. In 153t), the first newspaper of nu^dern times was issued at Venice, but governmental bigotry compelled its circulation in manuscript fcirm.

Ill IGGo, the I'aliUi: InteUic/enccr was published iu London, :uid is credited with being the first English paper to attempt tlie dissemination of general information. The first American newspaper was the Boston Nev:s-Lcttet\ whose first issue was made April 24, 1704. It was a half-sheet, twelve inches by eight, with two columns to the page. John Campbell, the postmaster, was the publisher. The Boston Gazette made its first appearance December 21, ITiy, and the American WeekJij, at Philadelphia, Deceniljcr 23, 171 [i. In 1770, the number of newspapers published in the colonies was thirty-ses-en ; in 1828, the number had increased to eight hundred and fifty-two, and at the present time not less than eight thousand newspapers are supported by our people. Journalism, i^y which is meant the compiling of passing public events, for the purpose of making thein more generally known and instructive, has become a powerful educator. Experience has been its only school for special training, its only text for study, its only test for theory. It is scarcely a profession, but is .advancing rapidly toward that dignity. A distinct department of literature has been assigned to it. Great editors are writing autobiographies and formulating theii- methods and opinions ; historians are rescuing from oldivion the evcry-day life of deceased journalists ; reprints of interviews with famous journalists, touching the different phases of their profession, are deemed worthy of publication in book form. Leading universities have contemplated the inauguration of courses of study sjiecially designed to tjt men and women for the duties of the newspaper sanctum. These innovations are not untimely, since no other class of men are so pov.-erful for good or ill as editors. More than any other class they form public opinion while expressing it, for most men but echo the sentiments of favorite journalists. Even statesmen, ministers and learned professors not unfrequently get their best thoughts and ideas from tlie papers they read.

On the 2.3d of April, 1819, Nathaniel Pattoii, and Benjamin Holliday, commenced the publication of the Missouri Intelligencer in (Old) Franklin. The size of the sheet was 18x24 inches, and was printed on what is known to the printers as the Ramage press, a wooden contrivance, with cast-iron bed, joints and platten, and which at this day, is a great curiosity. About the year 1858, Col. Wm. F Switzler, of Columbia, Mo., presented this press to the ?>Iercaiiti!c Liln-ary Association of St. Louis. From April 23d, LSr.', to June 10, 1820, Na-

June 10, 1820, Mr. Pattou retired as publisiier, leaving Mr. Holliday in cJiargc, who continued till July 23, 1^21. when John Payne, a law_ver, became the editor. He was a native of Culpeper county, Virginia, and died in Franklin, September 15, 1.S21, aged twenty-four years.

From August 5, 1822, to April 17, 1824, Nathaniel Patton and John T. Cle^ehind were tlie publishers. Mr. Cleveland died some years ago at Austin, Texas.

April 17, 1824, Mr. Cleveland retired, leaving Mr. Patton sole publisher, v.-hich position he continued to hold until the sale of the paper by him to Mr. Fred A. Hamilton, December 12, 1835.

The last issue of the LdeJJigencer at Franklin. June K", 1826. The paper was then moved to Fayette, the first paper appearine; June 29, 1826.

July 0, 1827, John "Wilson, then a young lawyer in Fayette, v/as announced as editor, which position he held till July 2':>, 1828. ]Mr. \\'ilson died in San Francisco, C;difornia, February 2, 1877, a£ced eighty-seven years.

December 5, 1835, last issue of the InfeUigencer at Columbia. Near the close of the year 1835, it became k'nown that Mr. Patton, owing to failing health, intended to dispose of the Intelligencer otfice, and as the presidential and state elections of the following year -were approaching, the possession of the paper became an object of interest to the politicians and the people. Both parties wanted it, and the Democrats under the leadership of Austin A. King, then a lawyer resident of Columbia, Dr. "William H. Duncan, Dr. Alexander M. Robinson and others of Columbia, made some etibrts to secure the ofEce. "While negotiations to this end were pending, Pobert S. Barr, Oliver Parker, William Cornelius, "Warren "Woodson, Moses U. Payne, A. W. Turner, Joseph B. Howard, John B. Gordon, Sinclair Kirtley, David and Roger N. Todd. Dr. William Jewell, James S. Rollins, Thomas Miller and possibly other whigs, raised the monev and purchased the press and the materials, with the understanding that Fred- erick A. ILiniilton, a pi-:iinii.'a! piinter, slioiild take charge of the }iu!ilicution, and RolHns and Miller, then two young lawyers of Columijia, the editorial conduct of the paper, the name of which was changed lo Patriot, December 12, 1835.

The next paper published in Howard comity was the Western JJonitor. This was commenced in Fayette in August, 1S27, liy Weston F.' Birch, who continued it until about 1837, when he retired, and was succeeded Ity his brother, Colonel Jiimes H. Birch, who chaniicd t!ic name of the paper to the Jlissotcriaii. After running the Jlissouruin for aljijut three years, he disposed of it to Clark H. Green, who changed the name to the Boone's Lick Times. The Monitor, the Missourian, and the Boone's Lick Times,weve all wdiig ]iapers,the7'm'?.? beinj:: the last whig paper that was published in Fayette. Almost simultaneously with the Times, was established the Boone's Lick Democrat, which was edited l)y Judge William Napton, and afterwards by Judge William A. Hall, wlio ran it until about 1844. The Times wa< finally taken to Glasgow, where it was published until about the year 1861.

The Democratic Ba.nner was published in 18i)8, by J. H. Robertson, who remaip.ed editor and pnldisher till 1872, at which time he disposed of hi^ interest to Connedy i.'t Kingsbury. I'he press was sold for delit in 187.5, when the paper was discontinued.

The Howard County i?«?ine;' was moved from Glasgow, ^Missouri, in 18.33, Ijy E. C. Hancock, who purchased the office from W. B. Twombly. It was published by Lelaud Wright a short time after- ^^-ards ; then again 'by E. C. Hancock. In 1858, Hancock sold to Randall & Jackson, who contiuueil the [inblication of the paper until the breaking out of the civil war, when the publishers entered the Confederate army. During their absence the otfice was seized and sold, ;uid passed into the hands of \. X. Houck, who changed the name of the paper to tlio Howard County Advertiser. Houck i.*c Jackson purchased the paper from Randall. Randall sold out to Houck in 1861 and entered the southern army. ]\Ir. Houck continued to publish the paper until the summer of 18i.i4r, when he ^vent to Illinois, where he remained until April, 1865. In June of that year, he returned to Fayette, where he soon thereafter resumed the publication of the Adrertiser. In 1868, he sold a half interest to General John B. Clark, Jr., and the paper was published imder the firm name of Houck c'i Clark tor aiiout ten months, when Houck sold his inter- fit to Cl:irk. In 1871, Houck ngaiii purchasod the Advi'rlixcr, which uas continued until December, 1872, when it was sokl, and becam(> the property oi' its present owner, Chark's J. AVakkjn. On tlie 13th of July, 188'2, the entire otEce was consumed b_\- fife, nothing l)eing saved except the tiles I'or the past five years and the subscription book. The pajjer ap.pcaretl regularly, however, without missing an is-ue. It was printed at the Loonville Advertiser otEce until new material and machinery could be bought and [)ut in.

In the spring of 1874, Houck & Frederick started a paper in the interest of the Patrons of Husltandry called the PJougliraan. It was printed a short time, when Houck purchased the interest of Frederick and continued the publication seveu months, when he sold the paper.

In September, 1879, llouck & Butler commenced the publication of the Fayette, Missouri, Independent, which was run a year under the firm name of Houck & Butlei-. when the latter sold his interest to Houck, who published it until July 13, 1882, when it was destroyed by fire. ^Ir. Houck, however, nothing daunted, recommenced the publication of the Independent the following September.

The first newspaper was the Pilot, and published by J. T. Quesenbury prior to the year 1840. This paper was afterwards published by dillerent parties, among whom were Dr. John H. Blue and James A. DeCourcy.

The Glasgow Journal was established in 18G8 by General Lucien J. Eastin, who, with his sons, continued the publication of the same until 1881, when Colonel H. W. Cockerill purchased the paper, and has since run it.

The Central Jlissourian began its existence in 1879, the fir>t number being issued July 31, by Yeaman & Bowen, who were succeeded byBowen &Ent}el, who are the present (1883) proprietors.

Howard County upon the Eve of the Civil "War - Union Meeting: at Faj-ptte - Ladies' Union Meeting at Faj-ette - Eloquent Address by Hiss Jane Lewis - Howard County during the War - Confederate Soldiers, Officers and Privates - Howard County ililitia - Colored Recruits - Sale of Slaves ^ Colored Recruits from Howard County - Attack on Fayette - Affair uear New Franklin - Ca-on's Attack on Two Steamboats - An Act of Brutality - Capture of General Tbos. J. Bartholow - Battle at Glasgow - Incidents of the Battle - Quantrell - Kobberv - Mass Meeting after the War - Unconditional Union Convention - Result of the Election.

Mexican War

We have elsewhere stated in this work, that tjic Mexictiu war began in May, 1SH>, and that during the niiilule of that month, Governor Edwards, of Missouri, called for volunteers to join the "Army of the West " - in an expedition to Santa Fe. The full compknient of companies to compose the first regiment vras raised from Jackson, Lafayette, Clay, Saline, Franklin, Cole, Howard and Callaway counties. The volunteers from Howard county, were made np of excellent men - men who proved themselves to be good soldiers, u number of whom had already seen military service in the Black Hawk and Florida wars. The tirst company from Howard was comi)osed of the followmg persons : -

Second Company

I'he volunteers embarked at Glasgow, on tlie 25th day of Mav, 18-4ii, on the steamer Wapello, for Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. After the arrival of all the volunteers ul that place, from Missouri, an election was held, which resulted in the choice of Alexander W. Doniphan, colonel ; C. F. Ruff, lieutenant-colonel, and William Gilpin, major.

In June, 1847, after the volunteers had been gone about one year from Floward county, public meetings were held at Favette and Glasgow to make arrangements for giving a proper reception to the returned volunteers from Jlexico.

The committee (at Fayette) of arrangements consisted of A. W. Morrison, C. H. Green, A. J. Hcrndon, J. Hcadrick, B. "Watt-, L. Crigler, R. L. Coleman, C. C. P. Hill, C. F. Jackson, William Buster, J. C. Hackley, S. Brown, John C. Ross, R. W. Boggs, James Cooper and others.

The committee on reception at Glasgow was composed of Jes^e Haston, Thomas Peery, Richard Dickon, Richard Earickson, L. S. Eddins, Thomas Shackelford, May B. Collins, J. C. Thomson, William F. Dunnica and others.

The reception at Fayettee occurred Jul}' 23d. Early in the morning of that day, a salute of thirtecu guns was fired from one of the cannons captured at the battle of Sacramento, by the Howard county soldiers. William A. Hall welcomed the volunteers in an eloquent speech. Joseph PuUiam served as host at the dinner table. The Glasgow l)rass band was present, and discoursed some excellent music.

The reception took place at Glasgow, on Thursday, July Sth, 1847. Hon. Thomas Shackelford made the address of welcome. Major Gilpiu and Governor C. F. Jackson also .addressed the meetino-.

Caeiforn'Ia E.-Migeants Of 18411-50

No doubt the desire for f^old has been tlie mainspring of all progress and enterprise in the county, from the beginning till the ])resent time, and will so continue till remote ages. Generally, however, this desire has been manifested' in the usual a^'enues of thrit't, induatrj' and enterprise. On one occasion it passed the bounds of reason and assumed the character of a mania.

The gold mania first broke out in the fall of 1848, when stories iiegan to be spread abroad of the wouderi'ul richness of the placer mines in California. The excitement grew daily, feeding on the marvellous reports that came from the Pacitic slope, and nothing was talked of but the achievements of gold diggers. Tlie papers were replete with the most extravagant stories, and yet the excitement was so great that the gravest and most incredulous men were smitten with the contagion, and hurriedl_v left their homes and all that was dear to them on earth, to try the dangers, difficulties and uncertainties of hunting gold. Day after da}', and month after month, were the papers filled with glowing accounts of California.

Instead of d^ing out, the fever mounted higher and. higher. It was too late in the fall to cross the plains, Imt thousands of people in Missouri began their preparations for starting in the following spring, and among the numlter were many from Howard county. The one great subject of discussion about the firesides that winter (18iS), was the gold of California. It is said at one time the majority of the able-bodied men of the county were unsettled in mind, and were contemplating going to California. Even the most thoughtful and soberminded, found it difficult to resist the infection.

Wonderful sights were seen when this emigration passed through - sights that may never lie seen again in Howard county. Some of tlie emigrant wagons were drawn by cows ; other gold hunters went on foot and hauled their worldly goods in hand-carts. The gold hunters generally left the moralities of life behind them, and were infested ^vith a spirit of disorder and demoralization. The settlers bi'eathed easier when they passed. Early in the spring of 1849, the rush began. It must have been a scene to 'oeggar all description. There was one continuous line of wagons from east to west as far as the eye could reach, moving steadily westward, and, like a cyclone, drawing in its course cm the right and left, many of those along its pathway. Tb.e gold hunters of Howard crowded eagerly into the gaps in the wagontraiiis, bidding farewell to their nearest and dearest friends, many of them never to be seen again on earth. Sadder farewells were never spoken. Many of the emigrants left their quiet and peaceful homes, only to find in the " Far West" utter disappointment and death. At the time of the treaty of Gaudahupe TJidaJgo, the population of California did not exceed tliirt}' thousand, while at the time of which we write there were more than three hundred and fifty thousand people, \\-\\o had found their way thither, fully one hundred thousand of these being gold hunters from the states.

The evil effects of this gold mania upon the moral status of the United States arc still seen and felt, and in all classes of society. It has popularized the worship of Mammon to an alarming e.\tent, and to this worship, in a great measure, is attributed the moral declension of to-da3'.

Of course there were many others who went to California from Howard count}', but after making diligent inquiry we failed to get their names.

Uoward Couxtv T'Pon' The Eve Of The Ctvil War

A com|dete history of what was said and done in Howard count}'. just preceding the groat civil war, which swept over our country like a besom of destruction, would til! a large book. Of course, we have neither the time nor space to devote to such a ^v-ork. Even if we had and were inclined to write it, we should doubt tlie propriety of doiiiir so. One of the oldest andmost highly esteemedcitizeus of tlie coun.ty. when questioned upon this subject said : " Better let bygones be bygones," and so we think.

There were, however, some things that transpired upon the eve of that gigantic struggle wiiicii were quite significant of the character of the spirit and temper of the ])eople, and of these sve shall brietly -peak.

Uxion Meeting Ix Fayette

The citizens of Howard county, or at least a large number of them, met in the court-house on the tiiird day of December, LS60, to consult in reference to the welfare of the county. The Glasgow WteJJy Times gives an account of that meeting as follows : -

On motion of A. J. Herndon, a committee of sixteen was appointed to draft resolutions exi)ressive of the sense of the meetiiii:. The chair ajjpoiiited the following gentlemen on said committee :

On motion of N. G. Elliott, an additional committeeman from each township was added to the above list, viz : Richmond township, Neriah Todd. Chariton t^nvuship, M. B. Ciillins. Bonne Femme township, J. Hockersmith. Prairie township, Joseph B. Bra.dford. Boone's Lick township, William ]\L Burton. Franklin township, R. H. Robinson. Moniteau township, John AValker.

During the i)rogress of t!)e meeting, and in the absence of the committee, the citizens present were ably and eloquently addressed by Judge A. Leonard, of Howard county, Judge William A. Hall, of Randolph county, and ^lajor James S. Rollins, of Boone county.

Resolved. \. That the election to the presidency of any persor.. constitutionally eligible to that office, according to the forms of tiie constitution, i-^ no cause for disunion.

while we have in the noi'thcni states a inillion and a half of patriot:!.,: frcomeii, voting aiul liattlinjr with us tor our country, v.e will not dispair of the republic.

3. That re*i:^tance to the tugitive slave law by the people, and virtual nullification of its provisions by the legislature of the states of the north, are an actual grievance of which we have a right to complain, as illegal, unconstitutional, and unfi-iendly to us: liutwe believe that the proper remedy is not to dissolve the union and tiglit against the constitution, but to stand bv the union and maintain tlic constitution and enforcement of the laws.

4. That we have a majority of both houses of congress with us, who can and ought to require and compel the strict enforcement of the fugitive .slave law, and all other legally enacted laws of the United States, no matter what the cost.

-5. That the proposed resignation of southern congressmen at this juncture, which may have the efl'ect of giving the republicans a majority in congress, would lie an injudicious and improper desertion of their fi-ieuds.

G. That our senators and representatives in congress are requested to offer a resolution requii'ing the general government to enforce the fugitive slave law with all the power of the government, au-d pledging the congress to supply the mean>;.

Another monster union meeting was held in Fayette, in February, 18i)l. At this meeting, Thomas Shackelford, of Glasgow, received the nomination as a candidate to the convention at Jefferson City.

Resolved, 1- That the 100 ladies, whose names are here enroUetl, do still love our country, our whole country, and our countr}"s constitution ; and we feel that it is perfectly consistent with the character of refined, intelligent, and patriotic ladies to make a public demonstration of our feelings in this time of peril to our country and our liberties.

2. That as the most appropriate nuiuner of doing this, we \\ill, with our hands, make a national liag, to be presented to the man who shall be selected for a union representative from this county.

3. That on Momljiy night, February 4th, several gentlemen be invited to address us, and upon that occasion, we will present our fiag to the "union candidate, praying him in the name of our state, and for the sake of that tiag, to do all in his power to keep ^lissouri true to her allegiance to the union and the constitution.

iiudience. Miss Juno Lewis had heeii im'ited to make the prcsontatiou address, and as it is u most ajinropriate, ehxiuent, and patvintic iiddiX'SS, we iiero present it : -

The time of danger is at hand. Our republic is shaken to the centre. The American union, the standard-bearer in the onward inarch of the nations, Iras paused in its sjilendid career! Our constitution, the ablest work of uninspired moi'tal minds, is decried and attacked. Our beloved country, our might}- and magnificent union, is couvuUod liy a moral earthquake, wliich threatens to rend it asunder, and leave it a hopeless ruin, a " by-word and a shaking of the head to the nations." Our flag, our stainless banner of the stars and stripes insulted I Yes ! torn down, trampled under foot, by tliose who owe to its protection all the riglits of sovereign citizens ! Now, indeed, the time has come when "man nmst rise and woman call to God I" To man belongs the privilege of defending in the council and on the field the houor of his country, and the rights of it~ citizens. "Woman can only \veep over the woes of iier native land, pray to the Grcsit Kuler, iu whose hands are the destinies of all nations, and trust, implicity trust, to the wise heads, the stronger <irms, the tiraver hearts of her countrymen. The time of trial draws near. A few days will decide whether IMissouri will throw otf her allegiance to the federal union, violate her most solemn pledires, or I'emaiu lo^'al to her own constitution, to the whole nation, to the human race, to Almighty God I Missouri is iu the centre, the very heart of the union. And our county, our noble old Howard, is the heart of Missouri. Let that heart remain steadfast and true, and its every thro1) shall be t'elt throughout its political body. And through you, that heart mu-t Hud a voice. L then, in the name and in' the autliority of my countrywomen of Fayette, whose names are recorded on it, present to you, and through you to the citizens of Howard county, this flag, made with our ovrn hands ; it is oll'ered from our hearts. AVith it we couamit to your guardianship all that we hi>!d most sacred. By all the hallowed associations clinging around this spotless Iianuer of our country, we pray you, in the cominL' stru^ride to stand fast to the cause of the union and the right. Through your voice, let the heart of old Howard speak iu thrilling tones" to the state, to the union, to the world ! In the hour of high and solemn debate, remember us and our flag and all of which it is a symbol. This flag knows no north, no south; the whole undivided, glorious union is its own ! * - * * *» « » » « * *

Remember and vote for the union ! Eemember that disunion means war, civil and servile war. Then l)y the thought of all of war's tremendous horrors, by the thought of outraged women and murdered children, burning homes, of a desolated country, of a rnim-d race, save tlie union I Take, then, our flag, and with it take our highest hopes, our heartfelt pr.ayers for the union. By the nieni<uv of the day when its starry folds were first unrolled to the wind- of lieiiven, prochiiiniiig to the world that a nation was born, guard oui- Hag ! By the memory of our ancestors, who stood by it tor seven long years in many a hard fought field, in want, in cold, in pcitiience, in famine, guard our ilag I By the memory of the all cloudless glory of Washington, ^vho, in death, left the union a sacred Itequest in charge to his countrymen, guard our flag ! By the memory of Bunker Hill, where haughty England first learned tluU American arms were wielded b\' a nation's heart, guard our liag I By the memory of Jackson and his heroic band, who saved the Crescent City, guard our flag I By tlie memory of the unconquercd, the unconquerable hearts

By the memory of those who sleep beneath the walls of Monterey, guard our tlair 1 Theme of the poet! hope of the exile! refuge of the oppressed ! signal of civilization and progress ! type and pledge of the freedom and union of all lands! Go! flag of our country, our whole countiy ! To faithful hands, to fearless hearts w-e commit thee ! Once more unfurl thy radiant colore ! Let not one star grow dim! Let noi one glowing tint grow pale! But, high above the storms of faetiiin, trin.mphant over every unworthy strife, still tloat on ! And, for ages to come, yes, to the eyes of all future generations " The star-spungled banner in triumph shall wave, O'er the land of the free, and the home of the brave."

There was a similar presentation of a flag at Glasgow on the evening of the 6th of February, lSl)l,]\Iiss Bettie C.Jackson making the presentation address.

Union sentiments continued to predominate in Howard county until the surrender of Camp Jackson, after which time the people began to change their view> in reference to the vrar which had been inaugurated, and boldly avowed their determination to unite with their brethern of the south in resisting coercion upon the part of the government.

Compared to many other counties in [Missouri, Howard county suffered but little during the war. The border counties sutl'ered the most, especially those lying on the southwestern boundary, including Jackson, Cass and Bates. These counties coming speciticuUy within the jurisdiction of General Ewing's order No. 11, they were almo-t wholly given nj) to pillage, and, in many localities, to the torch - notably was this the case in Bates county, where but a few hou-os were left standing at the close of the war. Xo large liatlles were fouirht in Howard, nor were her citizens subjected to any very great privatioiis at the !iaml> of the soldiery from either artiiy, nor ^yere they generally greatly molested by the robliers and cutthroats wlu) took tlie advantage of the country's condition of war, to indulge their thieving and murderous pro[)eusities.

"We have no accurate means of knowing the number of men who entered the Confederate army from Howard county. The number could have not been less than l,.')()t.) men, from the beginning of the war to its close. It is supposed from the best information that can now be obtained, that I'etween 500 and TOO men joined General Sterling Price v\-hile on his last raid through tliis portion of the state. These soldiers were composed of all classes and ages, from men of three score years to the mere stripling of fifteen. Probably not more than one-third of the entire number who entered the aiiny remained until its close, or did the dut}' of a soldier for any considerable length of time.

"SYe have made every elTort that we coidd to get the names of these soldiers, but failed, except as to a portion of them, whicli we have classed under the heads of olllcers and privates.

Coxfedfkate Soldiers

John B. Clark, Sr., brig. -general ; Hugh Stewart, captain ; John B. Clark, Jr., lirig. -general ; J. L. Calaway, lieutenant; Stephen Cooper, colonel ; James H. Finks, major :

Robert H. Waldcn, 1st lieutenant ; Thomas Turner, captain : William O. Keeblc, -Jd lieutenant ; Alje Hayter, lieutenant ; Joseph Richards, lieutenant ; Frank Hargis, sergeant ;

Colored Companies. - liichmond and part of Bonne Femme, - R. J. Fatten, captain : Woolmaa Gibson, first lieutenant ; A. M. Fielding, second lieutenant. ^

Colokkd Recruits

The former owners of slaves, and their descendants in Howard county, may feel some interest in looking over the list of negroes who enlisted in the war of IS'U. The list does not contain the names of all the slaves who entered the army from Howard county. The num- l)pr enrolled and in the service (U. S. army) was 600: the whole nuiubcr fit for niilitury duty was I'oO. This was in ISij-i. One of the most remarkable facts coanected with tlie history of those times - a fact showing the astonishing credulity of the people - was the belief tint the institution of slavery would either remain intact, or that the owners of slaves would be compensated for their loss. NotwithstandiiiLi: the enrollment of negroes was going on in their very presence, where they could be seen drilling daily for service, they were bought and sold as though the existence of the " peculiar institution" had not been imperiled by the war. The sale of the following slaves took jilace as late as January, 1864 ; they were tiwned by Philip ilobertson's estate, and were sold at t!ie court-house door in Fayette: -

Colored Recruits From Howard Cou-Nty

Cyrus, owned by Elizabeth Hughes. Turner, owned by John Burton. Squire, owned by Frank William?. George, owned by John H. Withers. Sam, owned by Jlenrj- Knonse. Joim, owned by Joseph Hockersmith. Lewis, owned by A. W. Morrison. Ben, owned by A. W. Morrison. Henry, owned by Narcissus Suoddv. OUie, owned by Wesley Green. Cyrus, owned b_v Richard Earickson. Harrison, owned by Wesley Green. Walter, owned by Roxanna B. Hern. George, owned b}' Roxanna B. Hern. Samuel, owned by L. T. Patrick. Henry, owned by Colonel John F. Williams. William, owned by S. T. Crews. Frederick, owned by Thos. C. Bos^s. Howard, owned by Thos. C. Boggs. Toby, owned by John Kirby. Stephen, owned l>y Hampton Green. Polk, owned by Wesly Green. Oscar, owned by P. ^\'. Hawlev. James, owned by W. P. Plawlev. Baddies, owned l>y W. P. Hawiev. Jacob, owned by P. W. Hawley.

Edward, owiK-d by J. K. Estill. Josejih, owned by estate of IJolaiid Hughes. Frank, owned by Joe Swan Hughes. Martin, owned 'ny J. H. Hughes. Andrew, owned by John Blakcly. Lowry, owned by J. K. Estill. Olie, owned by J. R. Estill. Dennis, owned by John Hickcrson. Ben, owned by \Vm. Wighani. Kobert, owned by James Ferguson. Martin, owned by Thomas Knouse. Jacob, owned by John Q. A. ]>ilib. Benton, owned by Ira C. Darby. AVilliara, owned by R. T. Preu'itt. James, owned hy B. E<ldins. Andrew, owned b}- S. T. Crews. Robert, owned by James P. Beck. Lewis, owned by J. P. Morrison. William, owned by J. P. Morrison. Martin, owned by J. \Y. A. Patterson. Jackson, owned by L. D. Browii. Jackson, owned by J. W. A. Patterson.

Battles And Incidents

There were a few engagements, and one or two incidents that occurred in Howard county during the war, that we deem of sufficient importance to be chronicled in this history. We copy from ]SIajor John N. Edwards' "Noted Guerillas."

A long night march and a dark one, succeeded to the evening of the fight, but by sunrise the next morning Todd had formed a junction with Quantrell, Poole, Andei'son, Perkins and Thomas Todd, these two last being Confederate officers. Aggregated, the force numbered 277 rank and file, not a formidable force to do ell'ectively the important work General Price required of it. Poole commanded 52 men; George Todd, 53; Anderson, 67: Quantrell, 10; Thomas Todd, 42, and Perkin-. 47. All eyes were now turned towards Fayette, the county seat of Howard county, eleven miles north of the rendezvous, where 4i-'t.i Federal soldiers did garrison duty, strongly fortified and capable of stout resistance. The command was first otlered to Quantrell, but be refused it, next to Anderson who accepted. Quantrell argued in the counsel against attacking Fayette, and voted against it, as a piece of military folly. So did George T<xld ; but the balance overbore them and decided to make the venture.

Qiiantrell fourth. In the rear were George Todd, Perkins and Thomas Todd. Fayette had a btroiig stockade on the iiortli a:r a defensive work, and in the town itsell'hotb the court-house and a female academy were strongh' fortillod. Anderson, Poole, and Quantrell were .to ciiarire through Fayette and invest the stockade, while the two Todds :nid Perkins were to look after the buildings on the inside of the corporation. Tom Todd led the ailvance in the attack on the to\vn, as Fayette was his home.

Fayette was readied about eleven o'clock and attacked furiously. Anderson, Poole, and Quantrell dashed through the square, losing some of their best men, and the two Todds and Perkins faced the two fortified buildings, and did what was possible to be done - i)ear breasts against brick and mortar. Sergeant Mc^Iurtr}', of George Todd's company, fell first and close to the court-house fence. Oil Tiiompson was mortalh- wounded, Perkins lost ten men in as many minutes, Tom Todd seven, and Poole eight. Andei'son lost in killed, Garrett, Cravens, Agon, Grosvcnor, and Newman Wade ; and in wounded, Thomas ^laupin, Silas King, William Stone and Lawrence Wilcox: Lieutenant Little, one of the oldest of QuantrelPs veteran's was badly wounded. Every attack was repulsed botli upon the courthouse and the stockade, and the guerrillas retreated finally, but unpursued, with a loss of eighteen killed and forty-two wounded. Richard Kinney and Jesse James volunteered to l)ring INlcMurtry out from under the guns of the enemy, and they dashed in afoot, ami succeeded safely amid a shower of balls. Quantrell, infuriated at a loss of so man}- splendid fellows, fouglit with a recklessness unusual with him. Leading in person three desperate assaults upon the stockade, and wounded severely in the second assault, he would have commanded a fourth if Poole and Anderson, convinced at last of the uselessness of the sacrifice, had not shown the insanity oi' the effort and argued him out of his reckless purpose. Many feats of individual and heroic daring were performed. Thomas Todd, his long red lieard waving in the wind, and his black plume floating free where the fight was the hottest, dashed up once to the main gate of the courthouse and emptied six chambers of a revolver into a door, from which twenty muskets were protruding. Peyton Long, losing his horse early in the fight, rushed desperately into a corral uiider cover of the stockade, coolly chose the horse which suited him best, mounted him bareback and galloped awaj' unhurt into his own ranks again. IL\rrison Trow, procuring from a citizen an excellent shot-gun, crept to a sheltered place close to the academy and silenced one window of it by the accuracy and rapidity of his fire. He v/as so cool ;ind so calm always in danger, that his comrades called him " Iceberg." The night of the retreat, Oliver Johnson died. Only twenty-five years of age, he was six feet two in height, and large in proporticm. Of imniense physical strength, in a chai'ge or close hand to hand fight he was simply resistless. Wounded six times, the seventh wound killed him. To find one to fill his place, who could be braver, more deadly.

TJ-ie above account is correct iri the main, but is wide of the truth ill reference to the number of men tliat were stationed in Fayette. The garrison consisted of 300 men all told. On the day of the attack ]\Iajor Reeves Leonard was out ot town on a scoutmu expedition, and had with him 250 men, Icavinir 0(1 men in Fayette, but only 4b of these were able to bear arms. The Fei.lerals lost two men killed, and had one man wounded. One of the men killed, however, was not at the time a soldier. Had the cjuerrillas known at the time of the attack that there were only 45 elfectivc men opposed to their number - 277 - they would have probal)!y made a more desperate elfort to have captured the garrison. One of the men killed by the guerrillas was scalped, and this trophy of tiie bloody deed \vas found pinned to a tree south of Faj'ette, with an inscription liadly written and badlj' spelled, stating in substance, " This is the way we do business."

While Colonel .'^. D. Jackman was on his last recruiting expedition in Howard county, in the spring of 1S03, and while in the neiglil)orhood of New Franklin, his company, consistingof about twentv men, was attacked by a detachment of Federals und.er Ca[itaiii Samuel Steinmetz, from Glasgow. The guerrillas had taken a strong ])osition in a ravine, and after pouring a single volley into Steinmetz's ranks, the latter scattered in every direction, and did not halt until they reached Faj'ette. Major Reeves Leonard, commander of the post at Fayette, and a memlter of Colonel Guitar's regiment, ai-oused at the signal failure of Steinmetz to break up Jackman's recruiting camp, hurried out himself at the head of sixty picked troopers. A combat ensued, brief but savage. Jackman and Leonartl met I'ace to face and fought a single-handed tight. Leonard was wounded severely in the leg. .Tuekman and his men retreated.

On the 17th of August, l^Gl, the guerrilla. Captain Cason, ascertained that two steamboats, the White Cloud and the McE)owell, were coming down the Missouri river en route to St. Louis. An ambuscade was immediately formed on the Howard county side. and almost opposite Saline city. Here the current of the river sweeps almost to the shore, wliich -woulil ot' necessity liriiii:- iheui within ritle range ol" the concoah'd guerrilhis. Unsuspicious ot' danger and crowded with hunnni frciglit, the b(>at swept swiftly alnnir.. A Midden tlame leaped out from the bushes as though some hidden tiro was there, anil- then on the crowded decks were terror, confusion, l)leeding and dead men. For nearly an hour Cason fought the lioai>, making of every embankment and earth'work, and of every tree a fortress. Finally a landing was elFected and two pieces of cannon hurried ashore, and used for shelling the timber that concealed the guerrillas. Cason held on. As the infantr}- advanced he fell i.viek, as it retired he advanced. Night alone ended the savage duel, the ]'>deral loss being about sixty-two killed and more than that number wounded. The guerrillas lost no men.

An Act Of Brutality

The following seems to illustrate the villainous and brutal character of that inhuman butcher, who reveled in the blood and sntierings of his unfortunate victims : -

After the al)andonment of Glasgow, the guerrilla chiot'. Bill Anderson, and his band of outlaws, came at night to the liousc of William B. Lewis, in the vicinity, and in the presence of his family and of Mrs. Clark, mother of the rebel general, John B. Clark, Jr., and Mr. Dabney Garth, brother-in-law of Sterling Price, both connected by marriage to ^Nlr. Lewis, subjected their A'ictim to the grossest and crudest indignities. He was knocked down with the butts of heavy pistols, bruised and battered while helpless on the floor, his clothes cut open, his flesh pricked with knives, and his body singed with the flash of pistols rired within a few inches of his face. Li their savage ci'uelty, the villains stuck the muzzles of their pistols into the mouth of their unresisting victim, and threatened to blow out his brains, accompanying their threats with ribald oaths and imprecations. All this was done partly to wreak their fury on a Union man, and partly to e.xtort money from him. Mr. Lewis, who was u wealthy citizen, gave his tormentors SI, 000, which was all the money he had in the house, and was then permitted to go in the streets under guard, and borrow as much more as he could from his neighbors. Anderson demanded $5,0()0 for his ransom, and this sum by the active aid of neighbors and personal friends he was enabled to raise. It was paid over to his greedy persecutors, and he was released. Next day If escaped from the town, together with several other citizens, and madc his way to Boonville. (20)

Oa Woilnesd:n- night lust, Briiradier-ponoral T. J. Bnrtliolow, coninuuicliiig- the ciglith military district of Missouri, was taken from bed at Glasgow, Missouri, by Jackmau's guerrillas, and was not heard from till yesterday. There ^vas a company of enrolled militia in the town, but the general, having recently lost by death his wile and mother, was staying for the nigiit ( Wednesday ) at his mother's late residence, situated on the outskirts of town. During the night the guerillas entered and cai'ried him away. Yesterda}-, however, General Graj- received the Ibllowing dispatch from General Bartholow :

General T. J. Bartholow, who was taken from his residence in the suljurbs of Glasgow, Missouri, on the morning of the 2.3d in~t., Ijy Jackmuu and a band of his guerrillas, has communicated the [larticulars of the affair In' letter to General Gray. From the communication, we learn that on the morning of the 23d of x\pril, ISiio, at al)Out two o'clock, General B. was awakened by a few raps upon the front door of his residence. lie arose from bed, struck a light, wont to the-door and demanded what was wanted. A man replied that he was a messenger to him from General Guitar, having a verbal message, and he desired an interview to enable him to (.leliver it. General B. replied that he did not know him and would not admit him. He then turned otl' with the ap[)arent intention of leaving, but in a ^QW moments returned with the remark that his information was of un important nature, and hoped General B. would grant him an interview, so that he might return immediately to Columbia. General B. then looked out one of the sidelights by the door but could discern but one man. He then concluded to open the door, as he was armed with a navy revolver. As soon as General B. had admitted the man, he closed and locked the door and invited him into his chamber, where they had an interview of some ten minutes, during which General B.'s suspicions were to a considerable extent removed, although lie held his pistol in ids haml all the time. The interview closed and the man started out. General Bartiiolow followed him to the door with hi;- pistol in fine hand au'l a lam[) in the titlier. As lie approached the door he observed that the man suddenly quickeneii h.is pace. Tlii.- again excited General B.'s suspicions, and he s;irang touanls tho door luii)iu;:r to get liuid ot'tlie key, but tailed. The dooiwas then suddenly opened and a large man t'oreed hi? way in, despite of his ellbrts to prevent h.ini. General B. then pointed his pistol at his lireast, and was almost in the act of tiring, when one of them caught his pistol, and the other took hold of him. Finding himself lUus overpowered, he had no alternative but to surrender, which ho did. General Bartholow was now informed that he was Colonel .laekman's prisoner, and that the alleged messenger from General Guitar was Major Rncker, lately escaped from Gratiot street prison. 'J'hey were accompanied l)y ten men.

General Bartholow was ordered to dress and go with- them. They took him to his stable, and as soon as his horse was saddled, they started with him in a southeasterly direction at a brisk pace through the woods and farms, avoiding all public roads until daylight, when Major Kuckcr left v.-ith all the men but one, General B. remaining witli Jackmau and the man in the woods all day, some twelve miles from Glasgow where he had a good deal of conversation with the colonel, ill which General B. told him that he would not take an oath or accept a parole from him, to which Jackmau replied that he would then have to hold him.

Late in the afternoon General B. proposed to Jaekman that in consideration of his release, he would give protection to the person and property of a man named Maxwell, of Howard county, at whoso house a party of Jackman's men were captured last winter, in consequence of which ^laxwell loft home to avoid arrest, as he was under oath and bond. General B. having learned that Maxwell did not willingly harbor those men, but beg^^ed them to leave, stating that he was under bond and would sutler if they wore known to have been at his liouse. This statement was corroborated by Jackmau and his men. Jackmau accepted the proposition, and General Bartholow was released.

It is proper to say that General B.'s residence is nearly out>idc the town, and some distance from any other house, and the force in Glasgov,- at the time being small, it was impossible to picket all the roads.

These are all the facts couuecled with the aft'air. General liartholow is now at his post in attendance upon his ordinary duties, his standing as an officer of the militia unimpeached, and his honor in uo wise jeopardized by the unfortunate occurrence. His course under the trying circumstances in which he acted, cannot but lie approved by all judicious and just persons.