Mansfield Town (part 4 of 12)
Part 4 of 12 of the account of this town in Bristol County Farmers' Bulletin, published 1918. 15,956 words, covering 7 settlements. Source changes inside the text are labelled at the exact paragraph where the next book begins.
Contents
86 sectionsThe section headings the book prints inside this chapter, on this part. Each one jumps to where it begins.
- Rice-Sanctuary
- Tuttle, Snyder Andwestcott
- Donaldson, Tillson, O'Brien And Ide
- Sears-Smith
- Union Meetings Program
- Exhibit Selection
- Red, White And Blue Reception
- One Of Our Graduates
- Home Bureau Notes Homemakers' Program
- Question And Answer Column
- Farmers' Show
- Yeast Bread
- Canning Clubs Close
- Garden Members Exhibit At Boston
- Poultry Club Boys To Go To Eastern States
- Annual Farm Bureau Meeting
- Notice
- Poultry Manure
- Barb Wire
- Arthur W. Gilbert
- The Junior Prom
- The Christmas Party Dancing Class
- Sick List Athletics
- Young Farmers' Show
- Money Management
- Meals Need Not Be Expensive
- Dairy Products
- Scalloped Cabbage, Spaghetti And Cheese
- Cocoanut Mold
- Gleanings From Young Farmers' Show
- Annual Get-To-Gether For
- Prizes For Best Native Nuts
- Service Club To Present Play
- Local Leaders Meetings
- Girls' Club Organized
- Protect Your Smile
- The Farm Outlook For 1935
- Special To Alumni
- Poultry Extension School
- Corn-Hog Association Meeting
- Poultry Outlook For 1935
- Bristol And Plymouth Cow Testing Association Report October
- Corn-Hog Association Meeting
- Basketball
- Norfolk Aggie Game And Dance
- Soccer
- Bristol Wins Again
- Two New Leaflets Available
- Planning Your Time
- Cltohing Meetings To Be Held
- Play-Writing Contest
- The Adolescent Boy And Girl Program Hints
- Annual Local Leaders Meeting
- Local Leaders For 1934
- Forestry
- Handicraft
- Miscellaneous Projects
- Christmas
- Music Appreciaton
- Pullets Will Be Higher
- Farm Accounts
- Canning Delegate
- Extension Highlights
- Dairy Outlook For 1935
- The Alumni Dance
- A Reminder Class Of 1917. Where And What
- Sophomore Hop
- Basket Ball Schedule
- High Lights In The Home Department For 1934
- Cotton Dress Project
- Junior Club Activities
- Service Club Stages Successful Event
- Local Leaders' Meeting
- Analysis
- A Word For Market Gardeners
- Federal Housing
- Strawberry Plants
- E. R. A. Food Production And Preservation
- Class Of 1918, Where And What Basketball Schedule
- Class Of 193S
- Senior Reception And Dance Athletic Notes
- Meetings Postponed
- Your Cotton House Dress
- Unnecessary Return Of Mer
- Unnatural History
- D. Lee Johnson
Parts
12 pagesThe source prints this as one continuous account. It is split here so no single page grows too heavy to load; the text runs straight on across the parts and nothing is omitted.
The chapter
15,956 wordsReproduced complete and unedited from Bristol County Farmers' Bulletin, published 1918. The text is machine-read from scans, so expect recognition errors: misspelled names, dropped words, and stray characters. Nothing has been corrected, because correcting a proper name invents one. The headings below are the books' own; source changes are labelled in place.
So far as the eye is concerned, variety may also be effected by varying the shape of the pieces canned. For instance, beets may be sliced, cut into cubes, or canned whole where small carrots may be cut into cubes, into matchlike strips, into crosswise slices, in halves or left whole. Vegetables cut in fancy shapes should be canned only for occasional rather than general use.
Home canned blueberries are as delicious as fresh ones for muffins. Drain thern thoroughly before folding them lightly into the muffiti mixture.
Rice-Sanctuary
The poultry program will have both local, State and out-of-state speakers this year. To begin with three of our well known local men, Mr. P. H. Crandon of Acushnet, Mr. Joseph Globus and Mr. Henry H. Goff of Rehoboth, are to tell us how they have met the unusual poultry situation for the last few years. That should be of value to poultrymen who are and have been struggling along under low market price's for their various products, together with fast rising costs of mater^ ials.
Prof. W. C. Sanctuary of the Massachusetts State College, who is intimately acquainted with Bristol County conditions through many visits and contacts, will be present to discuss the ever present problems in housing.
Tuttle, Snyder Andwestcott
Alden Tuttle of the State College will talk on the use of commercial fertilizers and cover crops having in mind that we must get the most out of every one hundred pounds of fertilizer used. Along with this subject Mr. Tuttle will then talk about cover crops and their relation in conserving and maintaining fertility.
Mr. Grant Snyder of the State College will then take up the Succession of Crops for greatest returns. Mr. Snyder is well qualified to discuss this topic and will give us some new ideas. Following Mr. Snyder's talk there will be a general discussion of the entire morning's program which will give those in attendance a chance to have some of their problems of growing truck answered.
Under the interested and competent leadership of Mr. Norman D. Bailey and Mrs. Trenor Goodell, the Club is giving good quality entertainments.
In the afternoon George E. Westcott, Extension Specialist in marketing, will discuss the results of a survey made last winter by the Department of Markets of Boston. This information is now available and we might just as well make use of it while it is hot.
Mr. Westcott will discuss the how and why of our marketing methods and make us some suggestions. In making the suggestions the proposed new location of the present Boston produce market will be brought to your attention. This should prove interesting. Mr. Westcott will be available to answer any questions that may arise from the afternoon meeting. This market garden program should prove interesting and warrant a full day's attendance.
Donaldson, Tillson, O'Brien And Ide
The dairy program will open with a short meeting of the Bristol County Dairymen's Association. This meeting is for the purpose of passing upon any action the Executive Committee may have sanctioned since the last meeting. Mr. Lester F. Allen, President of the Dairymen's' Association, will preside throughout the entire program.
The morning session will be devoted to pastures with Prof. R. W. Donaldson speaking on "A Pasture Program from May to October." Here is the opportunity for some of us to get first hand information on supplementary pasture crops to help out the pasture when the pasture grass goes into a rest period in late July and August. Mr. Donaldson will give us the experiences of dairymen throughout the State and the pasture experiments at the State College.
Mr. Homer S. TUlson of Halifax will next tell us of his pasture program as developed for his father's farm. Mr. Tillson probably has the finest example of rotated pastures in the State. Better come and hear the practical side of rotated pastures.
In the afternoon the Milk Control Law will be discused probably by Judge James O'Brien, Chairman of the Milk Control Board. This law has been put into operation in certain markets. Judge O'Brien is well qualified to give us the inside dope on this law. The Federal license for the Providence area includes Fall River and New Bedford. This license, which effects producers in Fall River and New Bedford as well as those dairymen shipping to Providence, will be the subject of a talk by Mr. Samuel D. Tator, Providence Milk Market Administrator.
Mr. Warren L. Ide of the Taunton Production Credit Association will close the meeting with a talk on the use of the Production Credit Association this fall and winter by dairy farmers. There are several places where dairymen can use production credit and Mr. Ide is the man to tell you hoW.
Sears-Smith
On the Fi-uit Pi-ogram Professor Thies of the State College, who has been doing experimental work with sub-soil in orchards, will give us his views on that subject. Prof. F. C. Sears will also be here with his usual up-to-the-minute (Continued on Page 2, Col. 1)
Union Meetings Program
A subject which has been creating a whole lot of interest lately is that of "New Varieties of Fruit." Director Fred A. Smith of the Essex County Agricultural School at Hathorne has been carrying on this work for several years, having a very fine young bearing orchard and plot of these newer varieties. His comments should be valuable to our fruit growers.
Professor James E. Rice of Cornell University is once more to be a speaker at the Poultrymen's section of the Bristol County Union Agricultural Meetings, October 11.
Poultrymen who have heard Professor Rice will, we know very well, be on hand if they can possibly do so. Those wlio may not have made his acquaintance will miss a rare privilege if they do not attend.
We have seen Professor Rice fill the hall to the doors on one of the stormiest days imaginable, and no one ever regrets that he put other things aside to learn from this progressive thinker.
Affectionately known as "Jimmy", the man is the foremost authority on poultry in America, and second to none as a world authority. What is more, he presents his message so it is interesting, even entertaining, and one cannot fail to profit by it.
The fact that the Poultry Associations of Bristol County have contributed half the cost to be sure Professor Rice appears on the program indi-
Exhibit Selection
What farmers, from the large scale dairyman down to the little, backyard gardener or poultry keeper, doesn't at this time of the year begin to brag to his neighbor about the size of the squash, the wonderful color of the tomatoes, the vivid splendor of the Rhode Island Red cockerel, and so on. It is natural for us to take pride in the appearance of our produces, and we are tempted to boast a bit.
And that brings us to the subject of Fair time. The time when we bring in those famed products of our labors, and see wlio else may have any so big, so perfect, so appealing to the eye or taste. And what a burst of pride you experienced when after the judges had passed on you spied a flash of blue on that box of apples and one on the big squash, too. The backache from hoeing, and the remembrance of the smelly in^ secticides are now fading away - that blue ribbon is there!
There are a few hints that may well be observed when preparing your exhibits. First, the material should be clean. Do not scrub, but soak off the dirt on vegetables, then dry. Poultry may be w'ashed with warm water and soap, rinsed, then dried in a warm room. The natural finish on fruit should be left on if possible, but a gentle rubbing is better than dirty fruit. Another very important point is that the specimen be typical of the variety in shape, size and color. More and more are we becom- (Continued on Page 3, Col. 3)
Red, White And Blue Reception
One of the most pleasant and colorful social events of the entire school year is the Red, White and Blue Reception, which opens the social program of the season of the school. This is sponsored by the Builders of America, which is the student governing organization.
Committee for Invitations - Mrs. E. R. Wyeth, Adviser; Edith Perry, Omer Harrison, Rudolph Christenson. Committee for Program - Mrs. W. E. Hawkes and Mr. and Mrs. W. T. Pettey. Advisers; Thomas Wilcock, Harold Kaye, Elaine Bullard. Committee of B. of A. March - Mr. F. R. Gilson and Mrs. Trenor GoodeU, Advisers; George Trefethen, Eleanor Ingalls. Committee for Decorations - Mr. H. J. Robinson and Mr. W. M. Philbrook, Advisers; Gerald DeCosta, Paulint Hathaway, Walter Laycock, Howard Potter.
School opened for the Freshman Class on September 5. A fine group of young men entered from all parts of the county and a few from outside of the county. The following is the list of freshmen and new advanced students on the opening date: Acushnet - Harold Booker, Louis Cardoza, Henry Shorrock, Ronald Wadding-ton, William Nunes, Arthur
One Of Our Graduates
It is always interesting to hear from some of the past graduates of the School. We wish that more of them would write to us about their work and experiences.
A letter has just been received from R. E. Vernon, who is manager of the St. Charles Dairy's cooling plant at Amite City, Louisiana, eighty-five miles from New Orleans.
The plant handles from 950 to 1100 gallons of milk daily, besides having a beef storage. A truck tank with a capacity of 1061 gallons, nickel lined and insulated, carries the milk to New Orleans.
Home Bureau Notes Homemakers' Program
Mrs. Charlotte B. Allen of Mansfield is presiding at the meeting held on October 11th. A film from the State De^ partment of Public Health presented by Mrs. Albertine P. McKellar will be the opening feature.
Mr. William R. Cole, Specialist in Food Preservation from the State College in Amherst, will discuss the prize winning jars in the canning contest. He will explain why these jars were selected, and he will also answer questions concerning your food preservation problems. This feature is particularly interesting to everyone who does can^ ning or makes jelly or preserves.
Mr. H. Judson Robinson, Instructor in Floriculture at the Bristol County Agricultural School, is arranging a timely and interesting talk on the subject of house plants. This will be illustrated with plants from the school greenhouse.
Miss Edith Jamieson, from Lever Brothers in Cambridge, will talk on the subject of "Laundering of Fine Fab-, rics." With new types of soap, and new synthethic fabrics on the market this is a very pertinent topic. Many things
New fashions and style trends are , interesting to every woman whether she buys ready made or makes her own clothing. Mrs. Esther Cooley Page, State Clothing Specialist, will discuss style trends for this fall. Mrs. Page studies styles from the various fashion centers, analyzes the trend and then interprets what she has learned in terms of the average woman, so that we may know how" to select our clothes in order to get the most satisfaction from them. Some time each day is to be set aside for recreation, and an attempt will be made to introduce some features that can be tried out next time you want to put a little life into a party or club meeting.
In the Home Department this year a new class has been opened, namely, that of cooked foods. Cash prizes are offered for the best three of the following articles :
We know there are many good cooks in Bristol County - ^we have been privileged to sample the results of their skill many times. We hope that these women will be interested to exhibit some of their wares. Who does make the best sponge cake? (Remember an angel cake is a sponge cake!)
Question And Answer Column
Answer - Brown sugar is not quite so refined as granulated sugar, that is, it contains more of the molasses originally contained in the raw sugar. Since molasses is rich in minerals, brown sugar contains more nutritive value than white. Pound for pound, it contains the same sweetening power as granulated sugar but cup for cup it is less sweet, as it is more bulky. There are three cups of brown sugar to the pound and only two of granulated. Brown sugar comes in several grades, ranging from light yellow to light brown in color. The darker the sugar the more pronounced the flavor, and the higher the mineral content.
Answ'er - California prunes, also known ag French prunes, are sweet and require very little, if any, sugar. Oregon prunes, also known as Italian prunes, are tart and are generally improved by the addition of some sugar.
Answer - There is no difference in the food value and practically no difference in the taste and texture of white and dark tuna. White meat is more expensive than the dark. The light and dark meats come from different varieties of fish.
Answer - According to a new government ruling, bread to be labeled "Milk Bread" must have all its liquid in the form of milk. This of course adds considerably to the food value.
(Continued from Page 2, Col. 2) ing aware of the fact that there are varieties of fruits and vegetables that are distinctive in these factors, that they possess certain points such as flavor, meatiness, crispness, etc., which are associated with certain varieties. This point is a factor in the market, and, after all, no specimen is desirable if it does not create a demand for itself from the consuming public.
No specimen should be sick, diseased or unsound in any way. Such defects hurt their appearance and cannot but lower the value of the specimen in the judge's eye. In vegetables, flowers, food and other perishable products, freshness is an important factor. Proper storage or keeping of all exhibits previous to the fair will help them to look pleasing to the eye while on display. As nearly as posiible all specimens in each class on exhibition should be uniform in every respect. One may have (Continued on Page 4, Col. 3)
Farmers' Show
The Bristol County Young Farmers' Show is only a few weeks away and it is not too early to decide just what you are going to exhibit and also study up just how to prepare articles, products, etc., for exhibition.
In poultry select birds that are mature, free from common disqualifications such as side sprigs, feathers on the legs and broken wings. Also do not exhibit dirty birds. Try to have them true to type and be sure they are not sick. In a similar way select your rabbits and pigeons. Do not exhibit cross breeds or mongrels. They will never receive prizes.
Vegetables should be free from blemishes, i. e., there should be no diseases, insect or mechanical injury on any of the specimens exhibited. The size should be of a uniform market size, neither too large nor too small. All speci mens on a plate or in a given exhibit should be alike as to color, shape, size and type. Beets, carrots, parsnips, and other root crops should be washed carefully. The tops should be removed about one-half inch from the vegetable. In fact all vegetables should be washed except potatoes. These should be allowed to dry with the soil on them and rubbed off carefully with a soft cloth or brush not a stiff brush.
Melons, squash and similar vegetables should have the stem left on if possible and be mature. Summer squash is an exception in this case. The squash should be tender and of medium size vsdth as straight a neck as possible.
This year w'e are looking forward to a bigger and better junior girls' department at the Young Farmers' Show, October 11 and 12. The canning classes are similar to last year. Remember to pick out your two best jars of each variety of fruits and vegetables.
The clothing classes should De well filled with cotton dresses, aprons, underwear and household articles. Be sure they are clean and well pressed.
The food classes consist of muffins, cakes, cookies and a new class for homemade bread. The following is a good recipe for bread that you might like to practice so you can exhibit a good loaf.
not later than 9.00 P. M. on October 10th, poultry by 9.00 A. M. on October 11th and if there is any question about the transportation of them to the Show be sure to let either Miss Stewart or Mr. Wyeth know well ahead of time.
All exhibits sent in should be Well marked with the ovmer's name, preferably on the back of it or, on canned goods, on the bottom of the jar.
Remember last of all to try to exhibit something, but of course something good. Our Junior Department has always been a credit to the Show and we are anxious to keep up the good work and even improve the exhibits. Remember the 4-H slogan to "Make the Best Better."
Yeast Bread
Scald milk until small bubbles appear around the edge of pan. Take out Vi cup of milk and cool to lukewarm. Sift flour and measure. Add salt and sugar to large amount of milk and pour into bowl and cool to lukewarm. In V* cup luke warm milk dissolve yeast cake and add to lukewarm milk mixture. Add about 1 cup of sifted measured flour to milk mixture, and the melted fat. Beat for just a minute to start the gas bubbles. Add as much of the remaining flour as necessary in order to make a dough which is soft, yet does not stick to fingers.
Take dough onto slightly floured board and knead with palms of hands and fingers. As you knead, work in only what flour is necessary to keep dough from sticking. It may help to use a little flour on the palms of your hands. Knead until dough seems light and bubbles of gas begin to form.
Put back into oiled bowl. Cover and let rise until double its bulk. Remove and knead again. You should be able to knead without any flour on board, but if necessary to use flour, use it sparingly. Flour added at this time is liable to make streaks in the bread. Let stand covered on moulding board for 5 to 10 minutes before shaping. Shape into loaf, place in oiled pan, and let rise until double its bulk. Bake in hot oven about 60 minutes. Reduce the heat after the first 15 or 20 minutes.
Note: To shape loaf flatten out dough with fingers and palms of hands. Fold over dough and seal by pressing the edges hard together, like an apple turnover. With both hands, pick up dough and stretch lengthwise, flattening by hitting on board. Fold in ends to center, lapping ends by and seal with fingers and knuckles by pressing edges togeth-
Canning Clubs Close
The closing date for canning clubs is October 15. Be sure to have your reports into the County Office by that date if you wish to receive credit for your work. The club members have been doing very good work so be sure to come through to a good finish.
Garden Members Exhibit At Boston
Sixteen Garden Club Mero'sers exhibited at the Second Annual 4-H Garden Exhibit held at Horticultural Hall in Boston recently, and won twentyeight prizes. Those exhibiting were Richard Hyde, James Rose and B. Franklin Rose of Berkley; Irving Wyeth of Dighton; Eleanor Roberts of Fall River; Frank Mederios, Jr., and George Medeiros of Somerset; Ralph King, Arthur Silvia, Francis Silvia and Gilbert White of Taunton, and Louis and Eddie Caron, Joe Geddes, John Mello and Fischer Ames of East Taunton.
All but the Medeiros brothers of Somerset; Arthur and Francis White of Taunton and Louis and Eddie Caron of Easton won prizes, which amounted to thirty dolars in cash.
We hope another year that more garden club boys and girls in this county wiU take advantage of the fine opportunity offered by the Massachusetts Horticultural Society.
Poultry Club Boys To Go To Eastern States
The FuU-O-Pep Poultry Club of North Dartmouth, the outstanding poultry club in Bristol County last year, will be given a free trip to the Eastern States Exposition on September 20th and 21st as guests of the Massachusetts Society for the Promotion of Agriculture. This club includes Raymond Harrington, Local Leader; Ralph Doran, Jr., Leonard Doran, Earl Moore, Bernard Paquette and Theodore Paquette.
As Raymond Harrington has been chosen to go to Camp Vail as a delegate from this county he will be at the Exposition the whole week. In his place, an outstanding poultry club boy who was not in an organized club, George Hyde of Berkley, vsrill make the trip.
Now when you have all in readiness for your exhibit just remember that there are others who are trying for the same goal, and if the blue be their's this year be the first to congratulate them, and try a little harder next year.
Annual Farm Bureau Meeting
The Executive Commjttee of the Bristol County Farm. Bureau met October 26th to formulate program plans for the annual meeting Tuesday, November 27th. The morning session will start at 11.00 o'clock and will be devoted to the annual business meeting and election of officers. At noon a dinner will be served by a local organization. After dinner Mr. Chester H. Grey, Washington Representative of the American Farm Bureau Federation, will give a talk, his subject being "National Legislation and Its Effect Upon Bristol County Farmers." Mr. Grey speaks with authority, for considering the legislation he has helped to write and his large acquaintance among Senators, Congressmen and officials, he knows all the currents of Washington life as it affects agriculture.
After Mr. Grey's address there will be an opportunity for those in the audience to ask some of the urgent questions with regard to the national af-. fairs which are in the minds of every farmer at the present time.
Notice
To the Milk Producers of Massachusetts: Your attention is hereby called to the General Laws, chap. 94, sec. 42A to 42E, commonly referred to as the Massachusetts License and Bonding Law, which contains the following provisions:
3. A producer-dealer who does not buy 100 quarts of mUk or cream daily may be exempt from filing a bond. He is required, however, in all cases, to obtain a license.
4. A bond or security filed by a dealer or producer-dealer must be for an amount not less than the total value of milk purchased from Massachusetts producers during one regular payment period, plus 10 per cent.
Poultry Manure
Poultry manure, because of its high nitrogen content and availability, is particularly valuable for trees or for top-dressing grass land. On vegetable crops a moderate application of two or three tons broadcast is suggested and this application should be supplemented with superphosphate and potash. For truck crops one ton of poultry manure to which has been added 140 pounds of superphosphate and 70 pounds of potash would be equivalent to 500 pounds of 4.8-8-8 fertilizer which is stronger than 5-8-7.
Poultry manure Would be more valuable if applied directly to the land daily, so that all the nitrogen could be returned to the land, but this is in most cases economically impossible. The next best method of saving all the nitrogen is to add superphosphate to the droppings. This may be accomplished by adding superphosphate to the storage pile.
Barb Wire
The man that invented barb wire made a fortune from its use. The farmer that uses barb wire saves time and money. Barb wire is probably one of the most useful tools on the farm. Its use as a temporary fence is infinite. A great many farms this fall kept the cow's out of the field because part of the field was in turnips or com. A two wire temporary fence around the turnips or com would have provided reasonable protection whOe the cows fed off the mowing land in the same field. On other farms full grown boys or men were watching cows to keep them in a field or out of some special field. Barb wire fences would have saved time and money if only used.
Except for some of the smaller units, Bristol County poultrjmien are operating at capacity this year. This is a sound practice according to Professor Branch of the Economics Department of the Massachusetts State College. It stands to reason that an empty pen or house and unused equipment is not paying its share of the taxes, replacement costs and return for one's labor.
The universal topic of discussion among poultrymen seems to be feed costs. The relatively high cost of feeds has been met in many cases this year with home grown com together with cereals as wheat and oats raised for their grain and litter value. In normal years it may be a question whether the average Bristol County poultrjrman can raise home grown feeds to his advantage on a price basis. Yet when the actual cash income is rather small, it becomes sound business to see what can be done to lower the actual cash expenditures, and get a higher labor return.
Here are some figures on labor in-, comes on 33 Connecticut poultry farms in 1933, as noted by the Extension Service of the Connecticut Agricultural College:
A study of these records shows that the type of work carried on at these farms makes a difference as to the labor income received. It is apparent, though, that retail selling nets the high-. est return for labor used. Do you as a poultryman know what your costs are per pound of meat, or per dozen of eggs?
It ia with a great deal of satisfaction that we note a gradual increase of interest in the better poultry breeding throughout the county. Here and there w'e meet men who are seriously making an effort to breed higher production and of course the higher vitality that is needed to accompany increased egg yield. If you are interested in obtain- (Continued on Page 2, Column 1)
The small temporary roadside stands fcr fruit are conspicuous by their absence this year. Usually many people who have small surpluses of fruit, dispose of them in this way. But this year Old Man Winter has apparently put a stop to the practice. A country-wide survey has shown a less than 50 per cent yield of apples. Those grow'ers equipped to do so have stored their best fruit in anticipation of higher returns later. A few growers have recently installed cold storage plants for fruit on the home farm. Although this method is more expensive to construct and operate than the ordinary cellar storage, it does perform a more satisfactory service and when the annual farm yield of fruit warrant.s, it is a mi'ghty good investment.
Clean up the range of accumulated odds and ends, which usually show up before fall - feed boxes, water pans, catching crates and the like are better off in the shed this winter.
6. An additional 15 per cent in value may be required to be filed by a dealer if the protection accorded by the bond or security already filed is found to be inadequate.
If a dealer does not pay a Massachusetts producer within a reasonable length of time for milk sold to him during a regular payment period, the producer should promptly notify the Massachusetts Commissioner of Agri-. cultuire. Room 136, State House, Boston.
We also invite your attention to the fact that the amount of the coverage is based upon one payment period, plus 10 per cent. In arriving at the amount to be paid to producers on claims received by the Commissioner, the provisions of the General Laws, chap. 94, sec. 42C, govern the basis on which the payments shall be made.
Arthur W. Gilbert
The social season began Friday, October 26, with the Red, White and Blue Reception for the new students of the School. It was a very colorful event with decorations of Fall and Hallowe'en. There was a fine attendance, with many of the graduates of the school and
The Junior Prom
The Junior Glass is planning a very enjoyable evening, November 23. These class dances are always friendly and pleasant occasions for the renewing of old acquaintances and are characteristic of the zest and enthusiasm of the fellows. All who read our Bulletin should make definite plans to attend the Junior Prom.
The Christmas Party Dancing Class
It will be a point of interest to all the "old grads" of the school to know that we now have a new' sidewalk from the School Farm House to the Dining Hall.
Sick List Athletics
The Cross Country has been revived as a sport at B. C. A. S. this fall. A good deal of interest was shown in the interclass cross country meet held October 30, with about 35 fellows participating in the two mile run around the farm. Gilbert Ward, a sophomore, was the winner of the race in a little over eleven minutes' time. Next came Mitchell Plonka, '35, second; Roland Ashley, '36, third; Malcolm . Brownell, '35, fourth; William Nunes, '38, fifth.
The team honors went to the seniors who placed their first five men in the following order: Plonka, 2nd; Brownell, 4th; W. Laycock, 6th; Korcuc, 10th, and Briggs, 12th. The freshman team took second place, the sophomore third, and juniors fourth.
Young Farmers' Show
There were 522 jars of canned food on exhibition in the Homemakers' Department of the Young Farmers' Show. There were thirty-eight entries in the cooked food class, and nine entries in the clothing class. Forty different women exhibited in this department.
Money Management
Ten more Bristol County women are starting trailing their family dollars under the direction of Miss Grace Gerard, Specialist from the State College.
As one woman said, "It is interesting to see how small bits of money -income mount up during the year, on the other hand it is equally surprising how tiny expenditures also mount up."
Each day brings its quota of twentyfour hours, no more and no less. Each day also brings its own requirement of things which must be done. Homemakers in Bristol County, under the leadership of Mrs. Harriet J. Haynes, Home Management Specialist, are making a study of how they use this twentyfour hours each day. They are listing the duties connected with their homemaking and dividing them into three heads, "must do," "may do," and "never do." They are paying particular attention to the time allotted for sleep, rest and recreation. The women discuss the length of time it takes them to perform certain routine tasks in an endeavor to learn shortest and best methods of doing these tasks. Very animated discussions of the time required to iron a man's shirt brought out two interesting old superstitions. One is that it makes a man cross tempered if you iron the back of his shirt and the other that ironing a man's shirt tails may lead to divorce. Everyone agreed that any excuse that cuts doWn unnecessary labor is a good one.
Two meetings for leaders have already been held. The leaders report that the group members are very much interested in the material presented, as well as in the suggestions for home made labor saving equipment. The follovidng subjects will be discussed at the next three meetings:
The m.eals for a family on a limited food budget, says Miss Foley, should be planned around three classes of foods, milk, vegetables, and grain, with sugars, fats, fruits, and inexpensive meats and meat substitutes added as funds will permit. It is unwise, she insists, to economize on milk, vegetables, fruits, and eggs, because those are the protective foods, rich in vitamins and minerals, which protect the body against disease and improper functioni'ng.
Whole grains provide a great deal of nourishment for the amount of money they cost; the same is true of dried beans and peas, which may be used in many ways. Potatoes continue to be the least expensive of the vegetables, although canned tomatoes, cabbage, carrots, turnips, onions, and squashes all are i-easonably priced and should be included liberally in the family's meals.
White eggs frequently are cheaper than brov^rn ones, and they are just as nourishing. The less expensive cuts of meat contain as much food value as those which are higher priced, and they may be prepared so that they are tender and toothsome. Cheese may be substituted for meat, and it provides a great deal of food for each dime of its cost.
Miss Foley has prepared a pamphlet on Spending the Food Money which is available free of charge at the Extension Service at the Massachusetts State College, at Amherst.
Meals Need Not Be Expensive
Rising food prices have set Massachusetts housevsdves to clamoring for information on how to feed their families at lower cost, reports Miss May E. Foley, Extension Nutritionist of the Massachusetts State College.
Dairy Products
Answer - It contains protein or muscle building material, fat, sugar, calcium and phosphorus (necessary for building bones and teeth) and vitamins A, D and G.
Answer - Protein in a very concentrated form, fat (if it is a whole milk cheese), minerals, sugar, and some vitamins. Some of the sugar and vitamins are lost in whey.
cooked at a low temperature. The protein is toughened by high temperatures and the fat undergoes a chem,ical change which makes it irritable to the digestive tract.
Answer - Keep it in a cool place where air can get to it. It should not be kept in an air tight container. A cloth wrung out of vinegar and wrapped around a damp cheese will help prevent mold. Dry cheese does not mold readily.
Scalloped Cabbage, Spaghetti And Cheese
Cook spaghetti in boiling salted water for 20 minutes and drain. Make white .sauce from flour, fat, salt and milk. Shave up cheese, add to hot white sauce and stir untU melted. Put spaghetti, shredded cabbage and sauce in greased baking dish in layers and cover top with buttered crumbs. Bake 20-30 minutes in a moderate oven. Six servings.
Cocoanut Mold
Mix the cornstarch, sugar and salt; stir in about % cup milk. Scald the remainder of the milk in a double boiler. Add the cornstarch paste, and stir until the mixture thickens. Stir in the cocoanut, cover and cook for ten minutes. Remove from stove, add vanilla. This is nice molded in a ring with fruit in the center, or it may be molded in individual molds and served with fruit over it. Four to six servings.
(Continued from Page 2) fall although the Juniors and Seniors have held the upper hand most of the time. With the coming schedule of soccer games between the classes, the Sophomores will probably fare very well.
Gleanings From Young Farmers' Show
The Junior Department at the recent Young Farmers' Show was the largest and best ever held. TWo years ago was the largest previous to this year. The total number of junior exhibits was 511 and there were 202 different exhibitors. There were 259 exhibits in the boys' department and 252 in the girls'.
Barbara Williams of Easton 'won the State Ribbon for having the most prizes in her canning, while James Rose of Berkley won a similar award on his vegetable exhibits.
The following club members donated vegetables to one of the educational exhibits held in connection with the Junior exhibit: Herbert Ashley of Berkley; Leonard Perrault of Acushnet; Joseph Geddes ' and Fisher Ames, Jr. of East Taunton; Gilbert White of Taunton, Howard Jennings of Easton, and Irving Wyeth of Segreganset.
The success in the handling of the junior entries, the transportation of exhibits and the placing and handling of same after they arrived at the Fair is due quite largely to the following leaders and members: Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Ashley of Berkley, Mr. D. Lee Johnson of Rehoboth, Mr. Emanue], Cabral of Taunton, Leonard Perreault and Lawrence Philla of Acushnet, Mr. Glenn Burgmann of Berkley, Miss Estella, Gammons of Dartmouth, Mr. Fred Walker of North Dighton, Mr. Edward Cruickshank of Easton, Mrs. Ida Desjardins of Fall River, Miss Alice Goodell of Freetown, Mrs. Idella Lindsay cf Seekonk, Miss Ida Davis and Joseph Geddes of East Taunton, Sidney Wildes of Rehoboth, Vernon Gaboon of Westport, Miss Hazel Philbrook and Mrs. Edwin ,R. Wyeth of Segreganset.
Annual Get-To-Gether For
November 4 is the date set for the Annual Supper and Get-acquainted meeting of the Leaders of Girls' Clubs. The meeting is to be held at the home of Miss Dorothy M. Stewart, Assistant Extension Agent, 34 Railroad Avenue, Taunton, from 5.30 to 9.00 P. M. Supper will be served at six o'clock.
Miss Tena Bishop, Assistant State Leader from Amherst, will be present and will show a film strip of Girls' Club Work in Massachusetts. She will also discuss program planning and health work for the coming year.
Prizes For Best Native Nuts
The Northern Nut Growers' Associa-. tion, an organization interested in stimulating the development of nut culture in the North, is offering prizes for the best black walnuts and hickory nuts, including northern pecans, submitted in the present contest. Better varieties are needed and it is believed that among the millions of walnut and hickory trees growing vrild in this country many will be found that are superior to the few varieties now being grown. In every section are trees producing nuts which are sought out by boys and others gathering nuts for winter use because of their large size, thinner shells, and easy cracking quality. These superior nuts should be entered in the contest.
The first prize is $10.00, second prize is $5.00, third prize is $3.00, fourth prize is $2.00, and fifth prize is $1.00. Please the Club Agent for details, if interested.
Service Club To Present Play
The Bristol County 4-H Service Club is going to present a play at the Bris-. tol County Agricultural School Auditorium on Friday evening, December 7.
With the proceeds they propose to buy club pins for the coming year and also, if the proceeds from the event are sufficient, to finance the expenses of as many as possible worthy club boys and girls who cannot afford to go to County Club Camp.
The entertainment will be followed by dancing. The event is in charge of the following committee: Mr. D. Lee Johnson, chairman; Miss Ida Davis and Miss ,Rose Walsh.
Local Leaders Meetings
Twenty local Handicraft and Forestry club leaders gathered at the home of the Club Agent recently and received instructions from Mr. Harley A. Leland, Assistant State Club Leader and the Club Agent, which should prove helpful in the conducting of their respective clubs this fall and winter.
Those present were Miss Susie J. Davis, Mr. John Gilmore, Lawrence Philla, of Acushnet; Miss Dorothy Manning, Miss Catherine Gilmore of Fairhaven; Miss Helen Gumey, Freetown; Mr. Joseph Merrill, Raynham; Gardner Cnossen, Rehoboth; John Barabas, William Burton, Charles Chace, Thomas Jordan, Raymond King, Mr. Francis Lamb, William Lamb, Albert Lenox and Charles Webster of Taunton; the State Leader and the Club Agent.
Girls' Club Organized
Many of the Girls' 4-H Clubs have been organized and are well under way. Remember the clubs that are started early have a much better chance of finishing their work vnthout too much rushing next spring. Clubs have been organized with the following leaders:
Protect Your Smile
Protect Your Smile is the slogan for all Massachusetts 4-H Club boys and girls this year. What are you doing to make your smile more attractive? You can be sure to brush your teeth daily. Several times a day will not do a bit of harm. Eat the proper bone building foods and visit your dentist twice a year. Do these and you will surely have a winning smile.
Enrolments for Handicraft, Poultry, Forestry, Clothing, Food and Homecraft should be made at once. There are several disadvantages in making late entries, the most important being that you lose much of the instruction which is essential to a well rounded out club year. Then, too, your chances of winning prizes and trips is not nearly so good. Entries in all of the above named clubs should be made by December 1st.
The Farm Outlook For 1935
The farm outlook for 1935 issued by the Department of Agricultural Economics, Massachusetts State College, has just been released and in this issue and succeeding issues will carry articles covering the outlook for dairy, poultry, market garden, potatoes, credit, and farm family living.
The demand for Massachusetts farm products is directly related to the demand for all American farm products and this outlook is based upon national conditions. These factors are given by the economists as favorably affecting Massachusetts farmers. The general price level increased 7% from the early to the latter part of 1934. The production of non-durable goods (foods, textiles, petroleum, rubber, and leather) increased to 97% of the 1923-25 level. The production of automobiles is still below the number necessary to maintain present number of cars registered. Factory employment increased 19% from April to November, 1934, and factory payrolls increased 23% during the same period. The refinancing program of Federal and private lending agencies has reduced debt volume and interest rates, so that more of the borrower's income can be used for the purchase of goods.
Against these favorable factors are the following unfavorable factors that will hinder Massachusetts farmers. The production of durable goods is only 60% of the 1923-25 level. The activity in new building is only 34% of the same level. The increased consumer incomes ^ are offset to some extent by higher costs of living; foods were 9%, housing 4%, clothing 3%, and fuel 2% higher last September than in September, 1933. Credit and private lenders are dominated by skpticism and self-protective caution. Trade barriers through high import duties and severe import quotas along with political unrest that acts as a deterrent to business confidence and activity.
These favorable and unfavorable factors lead the economist to state that wholesale price levels in United States during 1935 will be dependent upon the extent of further recovery in purchasing power in the country.
Special To Alumni
A special party is to be held for you Friday evening, December 21. As this is in the midst of the holiday season, we hope for a large attendance of former students and their wives and sweethearts. Plan now to be with us and sign the Alumni Register for your particular class, which we all know was the best class that has ever graduated from B. C. A. S.
Prizes will be awarded to the class' having the best attendance, to the members of the oldest class, and to the member who travels from the most distant point to get here.
Poultry Extension School
In order to meet the often expressed desire for more and latest information on poultry keeping, especially from the small producer, a six weeks' course will be given this winter by the Poultry Extension Service. Beginning at eight o'clock on January 8, 1935, at the Long Plain (Acushnet) Church Home and on the following night, January 9, at the Bristol County Agricultural School, a series of weekly meetings will be held, open to all, although primarily designed for the smaller producer or home flock owner. A number of speakers from the Massachusetts State College will be in attendance on various nights and, in addition, local producers will give talks on their experiences. The subjects to be discussed will be on breeding, brooding and rearing, feeding, sanitation and health, housing, marketing, and general economics. There are no requirements, except your desire to learn more about the work. Bring a neighbor with you.
Corn-Hog Association Meeting
The Bristol County Corn-Hog Control Association met with George Westcott, Extension Economist, to discuss the economic situation relative to the (Continued on Page 2, Column 1)
Poultry Outlook For 1935
The two outstanding points of interest for poultrymen seem to be that (1) Feed costs are likely to remain high until the new crops are harvested next fall. (2) Egg prices for winter and spring should average higher than last season and it is probable that prices for poultry will advance further and remain at. higher levels than the corre- L ponding period last year.
On the other hand, we may expect (1) Feed costs to remain high. (2) Local egg supplies may increase due to greater layer population in New England this year. (3) There is an improving consumption of eggs, yet still low. (4) A 5% less consumption of dressed poultry. (5) Low purchasing power by consumer.
On December 19th, the poultrymen of the county will have the opportunity of meeting Professor G. T. Klein, Extension Poultryman at Massachu-' setts State College. Coming to the State this summer from Kansas, he has already made a host of friends who appreciate his genial manner and thorough acquaintance with the poulti-y industry. Professor Klein will talk on "Keeping an Eye on the We tern Producer" and should gjve us a much closer contact with the marketing news of the mid-western poultrymen. Remember the date ai\d place, December igth, 8.00 P. M. at the Bristol County Agricultural School.
Bristol And Plymouth Cow Testing Association Report October
26 herds with a total of 721 cows, 4.07 percent fat for the month of 86 of them dry, averaged 656 pounds of tober. milk, 26.7 pounds of fat, with a test of
Corn-Hog Association Meeting
(Continued from Page 1, Column 2) corn and hog reduction program in 1935 and the probable consequences in the price of hogs and corn in 1936 if these crops were not controlled by contract. The local association voted in favor of a control program for hogs in 1935.
contract signer limit the number of hogs produced for market to 90% of his averaged adjusted number uf hogs produced in 1932-1933. For complying with this agreement, the government will pay $15.00 per head for those hogs represented in the 10% reduction. One-half of this payment is made at the time of the acceptance of the contract by the government and the remainder before January 1, 1936.
Basketball
The basketball team at B. C. A. S. is shaping up fairly well this year in spite of the fact that the whole of last year's first team was lost by graduation. The responsibility of the season will fall mostly on Plonka, Johnson, Rogers, forwards; Ashley, Perry, Kocon, LaBelle, guards; and M. Laycock and Peabody at centre.
College at Bristol. January 21 - Plainville at Plainville. January 23 - Fairhaven at Fairhaven. January 25 - Norfolk at Bristol. January 29 - Open.
February 1 - Dartmouth at Dartmouth. February 5 - Open. February 7 - Fairhaven at Bristol. February 12 - Open. February 15 - Norfolk at Norfolk. February 19 - Plainville at Bristol. February 21 - Dartmouth at Bristol. February 23 - Hyannis State Teachers'
Norfolk Aggie Game And Dance
Norfolk Aggie Game and Dance, Friday evening, January 25. Always a spectacular, thrilling game! Come and help us put the score across. And then the dance. The best music ever, plenty of pretty girls, and all in the old, jolly Bristol spirit. We're counting on YOU!
Soccer
With the interclass soccer series completed, we find the results very similar to those of the cross country meet with the Seniors in the lead. Freshmen, second; Sophomores, third; and Juniors, fourth. Twelve games in all were played and a good deal of enthusiasm was shown in this sport with more than 60 boys participating. Members of the winning team were C. Pelletier, I. R. ; Plonka, 0. R.; Johnson, I. L.; Brownell, O. L.; Pysz, C. H.; Briggs, L. H.; Doel, R. H.; Wilcock, R. F. B.; Kocon, L. F. B. ; Berry, G. Korkuc, also substitutes Therrien, Laycock.
Bristol Wins Again
The Bristol Aggie Poultry Judging Team came through again November 9 at Amherst and brought back the silver cup the second year in succession. Indidentally, the fellows got much from the Poultry Breeding School that was going on at Amherst at that time.
Two New Leaflets Available
"Christmas Suggestions for Home and Community Celebration" is the title of a pamphlet prepared by Miss Ruth Mclntire, recently appointed Specialist in Recreation at the State College in Amherst.
Since this is also the season when cranberries are at their best, we want to call your attention to the excellent Cranberry Recipe leaflet just issued by Miss May E. Foley.
A limited number of each of these pamphlets are available for distribution. Write Blanche W. Eames, Home Demonstration Agent, Segreganset, Mass., if you would like to receive a copy.
Planning Your Time
Planning time and orderliness was the subject of the third meeting and most of the leaders report this as the most interesting lesson of the series. The discussion centered on providing places to keep things, and on family co-operation in making an orderly home.
Although some of us are naturally more orderly than others it is possible to develop better habits of orderliness and one method is by providing the family with convenient places to keep things.
Mrs. Haynes showed some miniature models of storage cabinets and closets that might be built by husbands or sons who enjoy carpentering. Diagrams for these were presented as part of the lesson material.
Cltohing Meetings To Be Held
Some of these have never done much sewing, others used to sew but are rather out of practice. After some discussion, we decided that the study course "Your Cotton House Di-ess" as outlined by our State Clothing Specialist, Mrs. Esther Cooley Page, would be most helpful to everybody. This courre will start early in February and will be conducted throughout Bristol 'County.
In connection with this we are wondering how many women would find sewing easier if their sewing machines were in good order. Sometimes a minor repair will restore to usefulness a machine that has been standing idle a long time and many of us need instructions on the routine care of a machine.
Play-Writing Contest
Why not write a play? Those who attended the Farm and Home Week Program at Amherst last June saw the three prize winning plays from last year's contest presented. You might write a prize winning play this year, and then your friends could present it at Amherst next June. It would be fun to try anyway. The rules for the 1935 content are as follows: Rules for 1935 Play-Writing Contest
Two title pages must be made for each play submitted. On the first page, supply the name and address of the author, the name and address of the organization or group which can present the play, and the name of the play. Only the title goes on the second page. When the play is received, a number will be given the play; the first page will be put in a sealed envelope until the judges have given a decision.
Three judges, selected by the state specialist, shall act as the play-reading committee. They shall select the three best plays, which will be produced in a non-<;ompetitive presentation during Farm and Home Week at Massachusetts State College. These productions are to be directed by the authors or by directors indicated by them.
Each of the three winning plays will receive suitable recognition at the Farm and Home Week presentation, in addition to which the College will assume a share of the expense of the producing groups.
It is planned to start two study groups in this subject in January. Representatives from different organizations and groups will be invited to attend. Although no local classes are planned this winter we expect that those women who have the advantage of the classes this year will help us to organize local study groups next year when this course will be repeated throughout Bristol County.
Adolescence is a period of rapid growth and development, and for manyit is a testing period. The children who have been watched over, guided and protected develop wings of their own and become more and more independent of parental control. Parents find themselves at a loss to know how to handle many of the problems incidental to this developing maturity. The study course which we are planning is designed as a guide to help parents to understand more clearly the problem that they are facing. The following subjects will be discussed:
In starting these two small study groups with representatives from many sections this winter, we are attempting to bring this course to the attention of parents in as many parts of this county as possible in order that our countywide program next year may reach all interested parents.
The Adolescent Boy And Girl Program Hints
"Program Hints" is a monthly publication issued by the Extension Service to aid small community groups to present a better balanced educational program within their respective organizations.
This coming year. Program Hints will feature a talk about the work of some Department of the Commonwealth as well as poems, songs, games and discussion of educational subjects interesting to rural communities.
These Program Hints are available to any person who desires his name placed on the mailing list, if he will write the County Agricultural Agent, giving name, address, and organization for which the material is desired. The name will then be forwarded to the Amherst office, from which "Program Hints" are mailed.
Annual Local Leaders Meeting
This meeting should be of special significance to local leaders as several matters will be discussed that should help considerably in the carrying out of the club program.
The day's program will include moving pictures of Camp Gilbert 1934, talks on the "Protect Your Smile," and music programs by Mrs. Eleanor McCarthy of the Massachusetts Department of Health and Miss Marion E. Forbes, Assistant State Leader, rerpectively. We hope also to have Mr. Farley present to give us some inspirational message. There will also be a question box period. Send in any questions ahead that you would like to have discussed.
Games and songs will be interspersed throughout the program which will begin at 10.30 A. M. and carry over into the afternoon until 3.00 P. M. Bring a basket lunch. Milk or coffee will be served free to any who wish it.
Local Leaders For 1934
The above list represents a total club membership of 375 boys representing practically every town and city in the county. Of the above list 19 are former club members and six are also carrying on regular club projects beside.
Poultry clubs are underway in the Anawan School, Rehoboth; the South Somerset School; the Dartmouth High fnd Gidley Schools, Dartmouth; The Faunce Corner School Dartmouth; the Westport Factory School, Westport; The Caswell School, East Taunton; and the Watuppa Club in Fall River. There is a total enrolment of 885 members to date.
Forestry
There are four forestry clubs which have started their program, one at the Marie S. Howard School, Acushnet; another at We:t Dighton; another at the Booth's Corner School, Westport; and still another at North Attleboro Junior High.
Handicraft
The following is a list of the Schools in the county having organized Handicraft Clubs: Common School, Berkley; Hicksville and Faunce Corner School, Dartmouth; North and South Schools, Dighton; Anthony School, Fairhaven; Mason Corner and Braley School, Freetown; Raynham Center School, Raynham; Pleasant Street and Anawan Schools, Rehoboth; Newman Avenue School, Seekonk, The County Street, Caswell, Pratt, Winthrop, Leonard, Washington Schools, Taunton; and one club in northeast Taunton, lead by Mr. William X. Lamb.
Miscellaneous Projects
There are fourteen club members haindling projects, i. e., raising calves or dairy animals, two or three with rabbits, and two boys have bee projects.
There will be a "Protect Your Smile" Kit available in this County from February 16 to March 2. Would your Club like to use it? If so, please write to Miss Dorothy M. Stewart, Segreganset. This is the exhibit that Miss Bishop had at the leaders' meeting in November.
Christmas
In planning your Christmas gifts this year, first make out your list of friends you want to remember in some way, then see what materials you have on hand, in your garden, canned products, or scrap basket.
Method - In order to produce color in the fireplace flame, pine cones, piece of wood, or other material, may be soaked in a solution of the chemicals given above for about two minutes. Then remove, dry on old newspapers in a warm room. It is desirable to make up bags of tarlatan or any cheap netting and tinting this the color of the flame which the cones will produce.
Music Appreciaton
This year the Music Appreciation selections are taken from some of the famous operas. The selections will be heard over Radio Station WBZ, once by the U. S. Marine Band on the 4-H National Radio Broadcast on the dates given below and once by Mr. Stoneman beginning March 30: January 6, February 2, March 2, April 6, May 4, June 1, August 3, October 5.
Pullets Will Be Higher
A well grown pullet, in 1935 will cost about $1.50, or approximately 10 per cent more than last year, according to estimates of F. H. Branch, extension economist in farm management at the Massachusetts State College. The increase over last year's costs is caused by a marked advance in feed prices and a moderate increase in labor charges.
In making his calculations, the State College man estimates that in order to obtain 100 healthy pullets, the poultryman must buy about 250 baby chicks. About half of these will be cockerels, and some losses probably will be sustained during the brooding and rearing season. The cost of the chicks amounts to about 35 cents per pullet. Feed costs for six or seven months will amount to about 96 cents. The labor of taking care of one pullet in a flock results in about 25 cents worth of labor being charged against each pullet. Overhead costs, including depreciation and interest on buildings and equipment amount to about 20 cents, and miscellaneous cash costs, such as fuel, litter and grit, come to about 18 cents, bringing the total cost to $1.95 for each pullet.
But a by-product of the business of raising pullets is a supply of cockerels which may be sold as broilers, and Professor Branch figures the return from broilers as a credit, in calculating the cost of raising pullets. He estimates that broilers should be worth about 45 cents each, thus reducing the cost of each pullet to $1.50.
Farm Accounts
As a new year starts we should check over the past year and make ready for the new year. Of course, if a farm account book w-as kept last year, it would be an easy thing to look over last year's record and plan for next year. The County Agricultural Agent will gladly help a farmer analyze his last year's expenses and plan for next year if you will call him about it. For those who wish to start farm accounts for the new year regular farm or poultry account books are available at the B. C A. S. at 60 cents each.
At the recent Union Agricultural Meetings Banquet in the Hotel Bancroft, Worcester, Ida Davis of East Taunton, whose picture appears above, was awarded a silver medal by the State Department of Agriculture for the most outstanding performance among club girls in 4-H work in the State.
Ida has been in club work for ten years and each year enrolled in Clothing work. She has also been three years in Food club, seven years in Canning and two years in Homecraft. For the past five years she has led 4-H clubs.
Canning Delegate
Barbara Williams of Easton was awarded a trip to C«mp Gilbert at the recent Union Agricultural Meeting. This trip was awarded to her for her fine exhibit of canning. Barbara has been in 4-H Club Work seven years, each year carrying food, clothing and canning projects. She led the canning club this past summer.
The Extension Service of the School as it concerns adult farmers was considerably interrupted this year by the loss of Warren L. Ide, who had served as County Agricultural Agent for seventeen years.
The demands for the Extension Service continue to increase and the service rendered is correspondingly cumulative over the years. During the year 1934 on this account about 1500 individual letters were wi-itten; 132 circular letters Were sent out with a distribution of approximately 17,000. Besides some hundreds of telephone and office calls, 1271 visits for individual service were made; 1048 meetings were attended by the Agents with an attendance of 23,498. The Bristol County Farmers' Bulletin has been issued throughout the year with a total issue of approximately 44,000 copies.
Supplementing the Union Agricultural Meetings and Show of Agricultural Products held annually in October, the first Annual Spring Flower Show and meetings on home gardening were held at the School in April, last.
One main objective of County Agent letters the first part of the year was to get a thorough picture of fruit and poultry production in the county. All sections were visited and a total of 153 farm visits were made. From these contacts the following work in fruit growing was engaged in:
In the field of poultry perhaps the most emphasis has been placed upon attempt to aid tlie producer to rear and keep a higher percentage of his flock for production. In addition to this project to further lift the already high standing of our poultrymen other work has been started in -
Extension Highlights
The high spots in County Agricultural Agent service last year were large for the dairymen. With the passing of the Milk Control Law a uniform price was guaranteed to the producer and retail prices were established and agreed upon by the distributor. These two factors brought together the producer and distributor and each benefitted by the increase in the price of milk which was necessary to offset increased prices of grain and hay. The establishment of the Federal License in Fall River and New Bedford plus the well organized producer associations in each city has returned to the dairymen a fair and profitable price for his product since last April.
The issuing of a circular letter and the holding of three dairy meetings this last fall brought home to the dairymen the scarcity of feed and the high price of grain. Several dairymen profited by this advice and bought hay and grain in anticipation of winter feeding needs.
The market gardeners suffered severely from dry weather, but in a sense this dry weather kept the unit price of vegetables higher than could be expected when the acreage of crops planted became known.
During the latter part of the year much time was given in the collaborar tion with relief agencies in the carrying out of relief projects such as vegetable growing and storing as well as placement of cattle to aid in furnishing needy families with milk.
Dairy Outlook For 1935
The dairy industry is headed towards a rather favorable year according to the State College economists and they list these factors to back their statement. There has been a 4% reduction in milk cans in 1934 with a further reduction expected in 1935. There are fewer heifers being saved for milk cows and the drought cattle liquidation along with high feed costs have reduced the number of dual purpose cows milked. Milk production per cow has been low and is certain to continue at present low level during this winter. The roughage supplies in New England are sufficient for ordinary needs and normal crops in 1935 will return a favorable relationship between feed prices and dairy prices in the later part of 1935. The increase in feed costs to the Western dairymen in the last year have been, 100% while to the Eastern dairymen it has been only 16%. The volume of 1934 (Continued on Page 4, Col. 1)
In looking ahead and planning for 1935 the Extension Economists say that farm expenses w'ill be higher and ffive the following factors affecting farm expenses. Fertilizer prices in general will be about the same as last year except that cottonseed meal and superphosphate will be higher. Building materials will be slightly lower after the middle of 1935. Grass seed will be higher until the 1935 seed crops are harvested. Supplies of grass and clover seed are 50 per cent smaller than the five year average. Supplies of seed are relatively shortest in the order named: Timothy, Sudan grass, alsike clover, red clover and sweet clover. Supplies of alfalfa are sufficient while those of red top are twice normal requirements.
Farm machinery prices are expected to advance a little. Wages for farm help may be slightly higher. The supply of farm workers available for hire should be nearly as great as 1934, but the demand may be greater as a result of expected higher farm income. Peed supplies will be short during the entire feed season and consequently hog and grain prices will be high until May or June, 1935.
The Alumni Dance
The Alumni Dance was held December 21. The main feature of the event was recognition of honor given to the class having the largest percentage of its members present. A large shield was given by the student body to be awarded annually for this purpose. This year it went to the first graduating class of the School, that of 1917. Following is the list of members of classes present for each year. 1917 - Harold A. Ashley, H. Judson
1934 - Joseph Rogers, Henry Urban, Albert Haracz, Mason V. Smith, Rudolph Christenson, Howard Potter. Does your name appear on the list of graduates? If for some unavoidable reason you were not with the group this year, and many did send in their regrets, we will expect to see you next yeai*.
A Reminder Class Of 1917. Where And What
After the Alumni Dance, it was thought that perhaps it would be interesting each month to publish the whereabouts of the members of each class, beginning with the first class which graduated from B. C. A. S. Harold A. Ashley - Address, House in the Pines, Norton, Mass. Farm manager of the House in the Pines. Richard B. Burt - Address, 26 Greenwood avenue, Hyde Park, Mass. John H. Burt - Address, 25 Lake street, Arlington, Mass. Manager Blackstone Savings Bank. H. Judson Robinson - Address, Segreganset, Mass. Instructor in Bristol County Agricultural School. Joseph Powell - Address unknown. Married and living in the Middle West. Bernard C. HoUoway - Died in the World War.
Why not cut these from the Bulletin each month and keep them for future reference. If any of our readers know of any change in an address will you please notify the school office.
Sophomore Hop
Another big event is about to be staged at the Bristol County Agricultural School. The Sophomores are to present their annual dance Friday evening, February 8. If one can judge at all by the past, one can assure you a real treat for that evening.
Basket Ball Schedule
School. 17 - Holy Family at NeW Bedford. 19 - Hyannis Teachers' College (home). 21 - Plainville at Plainville. 23 - Fairhaven at Fairhaven. 29 - Mansfield at Mansfield. February
1 - Dartmouth at Dartmouth. 7 - Fairhaven (home). 9 - Hyannis Teachers' College at Barnstable. 12 - Taunton High at Taunton. 15 - Norfolk Aggies at Walpole. 19 - Plainville (home). 21 - Dartmouth (home). 25 - ^Holy Family (home). March
If you have not already sent in the return postcard we sent you with your correct name and address for our mailing list, please do so promptly.
High Lights In The Home Department For 1934
One of the advantages of an annual check-up of work is that it gives an opportunity to compare the accomplishments of the year with that of the preceeding year, and to form new goals for the future.
In reviewing the figures in the Home Economics branch of our Extension Service we are able to make the following comparisons: In 1934 there were 96 community groups organized with an enrolment of 1479. In 1933 there were 72 groups with an enrolment of 940. There were 332 teaching leaders in 1934 against 141 in 1933.
One hundred and two local meetings were conducted by leaders with a total attendance of 1321. This does not take into account the many meetings where members of the Program Planning classes used information which they had received in extension classes. At least an additional 3591 were present at these meetings.
Figures are interesting, and it is gratifying to know' that the numbers attending our meetings are increasing. However the real measurement of success lies in the value that the individual woman derives from the meetings which she attends, therefore our goal for 1935 is to make our work more effective rather than simply to increase the attendance.
Cotton Dress Project
The following descriptive outline of our Cotton Dress Project will be of interest to everyone who sews. The objectives of the project are as follows:
Four all-day lessons, starting at 10.30 a. m. and continuing to 3.30 p. m., are involved. A fifth meeting is optional. This may be in the nature of a summary or exhibit meeting at which all dresses made in the project are worn and commented on. A program on additional problems in selection or construction may be presented.
Those enrolling are tirged to postpone buying any new patterns or materials until after Lesson I. Bring any you have on hand; or bring samples of materials and trimmings; and illustrations of patterns, and pictures of dress details you would like to Work out. Lesson I - Sewing Equipment; selection,
This is to be organized with one or two leader training schools in New Bedford, and another in Taunton. Since enrolment in this project is definitely limited it is well to enroll early. A few local groups will be conducted by the Home Agent. The first meetings of the Cotton Dress study groups will be held the second week in February.
"Short Cuts and Money Savers in Housecleaning" has proven to be a very popular subject. Several groups elected to attend the central meetings which were conducted by Mrs. Haynes in Taunton and New Bedford during the second week in December. However, the nearness of the Christmas season made it impossible for as many to attend as would have otherwise, and as a consequence many local demonstrations have been scheduled.
Walking in the fresh air is one of the best forms of exercise; it improves the circulation, digestion, and elimination. Plan to spend a certain part of each day in the open air; breathe deeply. A leisurely after-dinner walk aids sleep. - Chicago Tuberculosis Institute.
(Continued from Page 2, Col. 2) manufactured dairy products is below 1933 level, butter is down 6.5% and evaporated milk 4%. The storage of dairy products is now at the average 5- year volume. The return of farm prices for corn,, wheat, and other grains into line with the price of dairy products will mean less production, less competition, and a greater degree of stabilization of prices of dairy products.
The dairy farmer will also have to contend with the following unfavorable factors. The national feed shortage has created an unfavorable relationshhip between feed and dairy prices. The high feed prices have also caused a shift from fall to spring freshening and will probably result in heavy summer surpluses. The prite of feed concentrates will remain high and may increase during bam feeding season. The supplies of New England milk and cream will remain about the same because of a sufficient roughage supply and high wholesale milk prices. The price of butter in foreign countries remains low and importations of butter are expected before next pasture season.
These factors lead economists to state that until new feed crops are available, the prices of dairy products are likely to average higher than last season. The possibility of importing butter at a few cents per pound above the prevailing price of butter is expected to prevent any increase in the price of butter and will tend to hold down the prices of other dairy products.
Junior Club Activities
A total club enrolment of 1440 boys and girls and 111 organized clubs with 98 volunteer local leaders covering every town and city in the county. This represents a gain of over 15 per cent over the previous year.
Over 250 club members were enrolled in club work from three to eight years. Thirty-four of the 98 local leaders are young folks who have been active in club work. Many of these junior leaders are in the County Service Club.
The 4-H Round-Up Day with an attendance of nearly 300 and a dress contest of 115 dresses, Food and Homecraft contests. Singing Contest, Handicraft and Poultry contests was one of the outstanding junior events of the year. Club boys and girls with their leaders attended from nearly every town and city in the county to listen to and take part in a good .Round-Up Day program.
The County Club Oamp at Westport was a success and there was a gain not only in numbers attending, but also in the program and general management. There were 68 in attendance. Every boy and girl who attended as well as every leader and counselor spent a pleasant and profitable week. It is a great, worth while event for all and much is gained by camper and counselor.
There have been six leader training meetings held including leaders of both girls and boys dubs. At these meetings 90 or more leaders attended and received instructions in carrying on the work with their clubs.
The Junior Department at the Bristol County Young Farmers' Show last fall .showed a total of 511 exhibits. This was a gain over any previous year. The quality of exhibits and arrangement of same also showed an improvement.
The County Service Club of 80 or more members has done notable w'ork in furnishing leaders for clubs, supervising club projects, assisting in the Tunior Department at the Bristol County Young Farmers' Show and sponsoring the County Club Camp. Their recent entertainment to raise money for sending club members to Camp is one of their outstanding pieces of service work for the past year.
Service Club Stages Successful Event
The Bristol County 4-H Service Club put on a very successful event in the form of an entertainment and dance at the Bristol County Agricultural School recently. There were about 150 people, old and young, from all sections of the county, in attendance.
The proceeds from the entertainment and dance and advertisements in the program, which was quite a large item in itself, will go toward financing several worthy club members who could not otherwise afford the trip to County Camp in June.
The Committee in charge of the affair was as follows: Miss Rose Walsh, New Bedford, Chairman; Mr. D. Lee Johnson, Rehoboth, and Miss Ida Davis of Taunton.
This year . we expect a much larger attendance due in part to some free trips that are to be given by the County Service Club. These members will be selected on the basis of length of service and quality of work.
It is not too early to make application for camp. The c<"st is to be the same as last year, nan.ely $6.00 for the five days. One dollar is to be deposited at the time of application.
Local Leaders' Meeting
A very successful County Local Leaders' meeting was held on Saturday, January 5, at the Bristol County Agricultural School. There were 33 local leaders present.
The program included a welcome and interesting address by Director Gilbert, talks by Miss Marion E. Forbes, Assistant State Club Leader, on Music in the Club Program; and Miss Dorothy M. Stewart on the "Protect Your Smile" program. Mr. George L. Farley, State Club Leader, gave one of his inspirational talks on club work which everybody enjoyed.
There were also movies on Camp Gilbert of 1934, which were especially enjoyed by the junior leaders present who happened to be in attendance.
In the following issues of the Bulletin it is proposed to carry each month a short article describing the farming activities of one of the outstanding farmers of the county.
Among the orchardists, Mr. Lester F. Allen of North Main Street, Fall River, occupies a prominent place as a commercial grower of fine fruit. Situated on a high ridge overlooking the Taunton River as it widens into Mount Hope Bay, the orchards are in an ideal location for air drainage and freedom from frosts. Over 2000 trees, with about a third of them Mcintosh, make up the orchards. The other varieties grown are mostly Baldwins, Wealthys, Red Delicious, Cortland, Red Rome Beauty, Northwestern Greening, Winter Banana, and about one hundred Beurre Bosc and Bartlett pears.
Mr. Allen is especially interested in the newer varieties of apples and regards the red sports as desirable in this locality. With the exception of a very few, old trees, most of the orchards are twenty-five years or in age, with
Over thirty-five acri , of land are in trees, sod mulched with some cultivation and an average year's production will show about five thousand bushels of really fine fruit.
For four years Mr. Allen has been awarded a certificaite as a member of the 90 per cent Clean Apple Club. In 1934, when a Massachusetts Apple Inspection Service was substituted for the 90 per cent Club, with 122 different state inspections of samples of boxed apples, he tied for first place for the highest percentage of clean fruit, and headed the list for percentage of fancy fruit.
The production of this high quality fruit is made possible by the use of ten or more sprays each year put on under Mr. Allen's personal supervision. At harvest time, some of the fruit goes into the two 2000-bushel capacity common storage cellars, especially constructed for the purpose. The recent construction of a cold storage plant of 2000 bushel capacity further insures the possibility of keeping the fruit for future (Continued on Page 2, Col. 1)
Analysis
Too much emphasis cannot be placed upon the importance of taking a sample of milk for analysis that truly represents the whole body of milk from which the sample is taken.
Before sampling, the milk should be poured from one container to another several times. Stirring milk, as with a dipper, is less effective than pouring. About two ounces or one half cup of milk is taken for a sample. Any bottle with a tight stopper may be used as the sample bottle.
If the butterfat per cent of an individual cow is desired, the cow should be completely milked, then the milk should be poured from one pail to another at least twice. The same procedure is followed for each milking during 24 hours, and the same amount of milk taken for a sample. All these samples may be put in the same bottle.
If a herd test is desired a sample of both night and morning milk must be taken. If the milk is in cans each can should be mixed by pouring from one can to another several times and a sample taken from each can. The samples are then mixed and about a half pint is taken from this mixture for the sample to be tested.
For the present, milk and cream will be tested for butterfat, solids and sediment at the Bristol County Agricultural School free of charge, if received at the School Office by Wednesday noon of any week. Bacteria counts also will be made if notice that it is desired reaches the School Office one day before the sample.
The signing up of the hog growers under the 1935 program of hog reduction under the Agricultural Adjustment Administration is now under way. The same requirements are asked in proving the production in the years 1982-1933- 1934. The proof required is evidence of sale or disposal of animals farrow'ed on the individual farm during this time. The best evidence is a sales slip showing date of sale and weight of pig sold.
A Word For Market Gardeners
Why not plan at the very beginning of the year to eliminate entirely this plant disease factor by starting with clean seed, clean flats and benches, and disease-free soil? It has been demonstrated over and over that the treatment of some kinds of vegetable seeds to kill seed-borne disease organisms, the use of formaldehyde dust in the seed-bed and the dusting of seeds with organic mercury or red copper oxide dusts, all contribute to the production of a good stand of disease-free, vigorous plants at a very low cost. Extension Leaflet 116 ^&s revised last year and contains up-to-date recommendations for the control of all diseases and insect pests of market garden crops. This year recommendations for the use of formaldehyde dust in seed-beds are limited to flats, beds, etc., in sash houses and greenhouses, while in hotbeds, seed treatment with red copper oxide or organic mercury dust is to be preferred to prevent seed decay and damping off. Leaflet 116 is a valuable guide and should be in the hands of every market gardener at the outset of the season.
Federal Housing
The Federal Housing Act passed by last Congress enables banks to loan money to finance repairs and home improvements of a non-movable nature. (Continued on Page 2, Col. 1)
Strawberry Plants
By arrangement with the Waltham Field Station and the Massachuetts State College, the Boston Market Gardeners' Association has grown under state supervision, strawberry plants of the Howard 17 variety that are certified to be free from Yellows, Red Spider Mite, Root Rot and Nematode troubles.
Bristol County is allotted 13,000 plants, which are available at $5.00 per 1000 at Waltham. Information on obtaining these plants may be obtained at the Extension Office, Segreganset.
The plan of the administration makes it possible for pi-operty owners to borrow money from banks or other lending institutions for the repair and improvement of property. The loans may be for any amount up to $2000 and may run from one to three years. No security is required, although the borrower will be required to prove his ability to repay the loan.
Before borrowing for repairs and improvements, one should consider the possibility of repaying the loan. Farm incomes during the next three years will stay about where they are today, with expenses being no higher than at present.
Borroviring money for improvements or repairs on property may be justified when the improvements will increase the income enough to pay for themselves; or when the repairs will prevent heavy depreciation of the buildings; or when it is possible to save enough from the income during the next three years to pay for improvements that will add to the comfort and pleasure of the family. Under the last circumstance, the property owner maiy be justified in borrowing the money and enjoying the improvements while he is paying for them.
The County Extension Service is able to provide information on repairs and improvements including painting, concrete work, refinishing walls, floors and woodwork, building storage space and similar topics and will advise on repairs, but one should see his local banker and discuss with him the advisability of borrowing money to make repairs.
tol County Dairymen's Association. He is also a member of the Massachusetts Fruit Growers' Association and his comments on the fruit growers' problems are always carefully considered.
Mr. Allen is especially fortunate in having a wife who also has a keen interest in fruit growing. Mrs. Allen takes a great interest in the harvest time and thoroughly* enjoys putting up an attractive box of fruit. Two sons, Arthur and John, both married, are closely associated with the work, one living on the farm and the other nearby. The interest in the orchard and dairy by all members of the family, plus a thoroughness in the methods of doing business on the farm, have resulted in a.n enterprise that occupies a high place in Bristol County agriculture.
In addition to the orchards Mr. Allen operates a 60-cow dairy, all milk going to the nearby city. The dairy is modem in every respect, with milk cooler and milking machines for efficient operation. Mr. Allen is actively connected with the Fall Rver Milk Producers' Association, being its vice-president, as well as president of the Bris-
E. R. A. Food Production And Preservation
Again this year the State Emergency Relief Administration will approve food production and preservation projects as local relief work. In tht food production projects the town furnishes and fits land, pays for seed, fertilizer, plants, spray materials, and tools. The goods produced belong to the welfare department of the town.
Another project that the state administrator will approve is food preservation work. The local town furnishes a building to work in, equipment and power, and the E. R. A. pays for the labor. The raw material and cans are to be furnished by either party depending upon the local situation.
The County Agricultural Agent and Home Demonstration Agent stand ready to collaborate with local administrators in outlining and setting up either a food production or preservation project.
Class Of 1918, Where And What Basketball Schedule
9 - Hyannis Teachers' College at Barnstable. 12 - Taunton High at Taunton. 15 - Norfolk Aggies at Walpole. 19 - Plainville (home). 2 1 - Dartmouth (home) . 25 - Holy Family (home). March
Class Of 193S
The graduating class of 1935 will hold commencement exercises the last week of March as usual. Again a fine class of young men are in line for graduation.
The two high ranking men who have been chosen to represent the class on the program are Philip Therrien and Wojciech Pysz. Philip Therrien has to his credit thirteen and one-half A grades, seventy B grades, and one C grade. Wojciech Pysz has fourteen A grades, sixty-nine and one-half B grades, and one C. Therrien has worked in productive farming or allied enterprises 5172 agricultural hours, since he entered school and Pysz has worked 5991 agricultural hours.
Senior Reception And Dance Athletic Notes
During each noon hour throughout the winter term, some special athletic event is carried on to include basketball, boxing and wrestling. To date much interest has been shown in these sports. In basketball the Juniors won from the Freshmen by a score of 16-7, and the Seniors took the Sophomores by a 16-4 score.
Wojciech Pysz, a Senior, has been appointed manager of basketball for this year. Assistant managers were also appointed. They include Gerald De- Costa, and Walter Laycock, Seniors; Robert Kennedy and Ellsworth Phillips, Juniors; Gilbert Ward and Walter Falk, Sophomores; and Alfred Adamczyck and Ernest Hirschy, Freshmen. The assistant managers handle the arrangement for the interclass basketball games and assist Manager Pysz with his work.
At the end of the varsity basketball season a special award will be made to the member of the team who has made good the largest percentagte of foul shots during the season. At present, the leaders are Teddy Kocon, 60 percent; Johnnie Rogers, 50 per cent; (Continued on Page 3, Col. 3)
Meetings Postponed
Those who were "snowed in" and so unable to attend the meetings of Mrs. Morley's study ^oups which were scheduled for January 24 and 25, will be happy to know that both the Taunton and New Bedford meetings were cancelled.
The first lesson will be presented on the date scheduled for the second meeting, that is, in New Bedford on February 28 and in Taunton on March 1. We hope the weather man will be kind to us, and that March will not "Come in like a lion" this year, since a second postponement would make it necessary to cancel this series.
The period of years in a person's life that we call the adolescent period is a particularly interesting chapter of the book of life to study. In the first lesson Mrs. Morley will discuss the general characteristics of this period, both the physical and the mental changes which are expected to take place.
If you are interested in this study course, and have not already enrolled, write or telephone to Blanche W. Eames, County Home Demonstration Agent, Segreganset, Mass.
Your Cotton House Dress
That many women actually do sewing at home is evident from the enthusiastic enrolment in our new clothing classes. The first meetings for leaders will have been held by the time the Farmers' Bulletin reaches you.
Getting ready to make a dress is really the theme of the first lesson. Emphasis is placed on sewing equipment, its selection, care, use, and arrangement. The selection and preparation of the material to be used; the analysis and choice of patterns; taking of measurements, and the alteration of the pattern is also included in the first lesson.
Each member enrolled in the group is to make a house dress and the fifth lesson will be a style show when the proud dressmakers will exhibit their workmanship.
Although enrolment is closed in the training schools for leaders which are conducted by Mrs. Esther Cooley Page, State Clothing Specialist, it is still possible for a very few more groups to be taught by the Home Demonstration Agent.
Write to 'Miss Blanche W. Eames, Segreganset, Mass., at once if you belong to a group that wishes to study clothing and to make cotton house
Unnecessary Return Of Mer
The Boston Better Business Bureau and the Retail Trade Board of the Boston Chamber of Commerce are co-operating with the Consumers' Councils of Massachusetts, a division of the National Emergency Council and Agricultural Adjustment Administration, to secure the co-operation of the public in reducing the amount of unnecessary return of merchandise, which now results in an estimated loss to consumers of Massachusetts of over $12,000,000 a year.
The unnecessary return of merchandise has always been an obstacle in the path of reducing the cost of distribution and, because of increasing returns, the retailers have had to add an increasing amount of their markup to take care of this increasing amount to their expense. This expense has become a substantial proportion of the amount the consumer must pay for merchandise. Any reduction in this expense will, because of competition, be reflected in the cost of merchandise.
There will always be a necessity to return some merchandise and, of course, the consumer is by no means at fault in all cases. Mistakes are made by retailers. But there is a vast amount of unnecessary return of merchandise and it is the unnecessary return of merchandise that the Consumers' Advisory Councils of Massachusetts, acting in the interest of all consumers, are endeavoring to eliminate or reduce. Because a number of stores have granted the privilege of returning merchandise, many consumers have unconsciously abused this privilege without realizing the expense involved and the fact that this expense must be included in the cost of the merchandise. They have not realized that when ever they returned merchandise to the store, many people, sometimes more than twenty, must spend their time to set matters right. The merchandise itself must travel from the home or from the return desk to the approval desk, to the credit desk, to the department which originally sold it to the inspection desk, to the stock room, etc., etc. Credit or cash refund must be made. Accounts must be corrected. Store inventories must be revised. All this costs money and is largely a waste. It also often acts unfairly on the salesperson who made the original sale on commission, but who must later lose her commission because of unnecessary returns. The Consumers' Advisory Councils of Massachusetts have also found that there are a number of consumers who not only abuse the privilege of returning merchandise, but Who abuse the merchandise itself and then entirely heedless of fair play, send it back.
The stores are co-operating to check up on this type of activity by reporting to a central clearing house the names and addresses of all consumers who abuse the privilege in the future. Such consumers may find that having established a record as unsatisfactory and unprofitable customers, their charge account privileges will be withdrawn.
But the real trend that the Consumers' Advisory Councils of Massachusetts are endeavoring to divert is the heedless and needless return of merchandise. This can be accomplished by more careful buying and shopping. The Consumers' Advisory Councils of Massachusetts have found that most of the reasons for the return of merchandise to the stores are because of wrong size, change of mind, or failure to match. Efforts will, therefore, be made to secure the co-operation of consumers to shop carefully, to as far as possible be sure of the size, the color, etc. As the Consumers' Advisory Councils say, "Everything we buy costs more - because of something else we or our neighboi-s returned." - ^Boston Better Business Bureau Bulletin.
Bulletins No. 128, "Diet for the Pre- School Child," and No. 129, "Diet for School Child," have been revised and are ready for distribution. Copies may be secured from the county extension service or the State College Extension Service at Amherst.
Unnatural History
Hudson seal, caressable and dapper, You were muskrat to the simple trapper. Nameless mammal, innocent deceiver. Have you heard that now' they call you beaver? Disembodied chipmunks, pale and spooky Are you proud of being baronduki? Otter, mink, adorable creations. Who could guess your former designations? Let those experts tell you who best are
There is a possibility that the varsity basketball team may enter the annual high school basketball tournament to be held at the Brockton Y. M. C. A. on March 6, 8, 9, 15, 16.
Each issue of the Farmers' Bulletin henceforth will contain a short story of some outstanding club member or club member alumnus who is active in the Junior Extension Work in this County. In fact we might say that we started in the last issue yith the article on Ida Davis. She certainly qualified.
D. Lee Johnson
Lee Johnson of Rehoboth, now in the employ of the Mount Hope Dairy, at North Dighton, is an active, aggressive, and enthusiastic member of the Bristol County 4-H Service Club and has been since its organization four years ago.
Lee started club work in 1921, joining the Poultry Club. During the next few years he joined, in addition to poultry, the dairy, garden, small fruits and potato projects. He also has been a County Poultry Champion and a State Champion in Small PVuits in which he was rewarded by two trips to the State Camp at Amherst. He also attended Camp Field, Brockton, as a delegate from this county.
One year he won a silver cup and a special prize for having won the most prizes with his poultry at the Boston Poultry Show. Lee has won over 50 ribbons in the various contests in which he has participated.
Besides his unusually fine record in Club work he has done much in his community. He is the working head of the Rehoboth Community Hall Association and general chairman of the Rehoboth Fair, which is being run by the Association. This Fair has been very successful during the tw'o years of its existence, due largely to Lee's efforts. He does many other fine things in his community that are helpful, especially for the young people.
Lee attended the Bristol County Agricultural School for three years beginning in 1922. His first position was on the Almy Dairy farm in South Westport where he worked for less than a year. He then came to the Mount Hope Dairy and has been there ever since, making a fine record and a lot of fine friends.
Only active club members will be permitted to enroll in the Camp. By this we mean the boys and girls must either have been in a project during last fall and this winter or have enrolled for the coming summer's work.
There will be a limit to our enrolment at County Camp this summer, which will probably be about sixty, outside of Leaders and Counselors, so do not leave the matter too long befora deciding unless, of course, you are expecting to be aw'arded a free trip. But don't bank too strongly on this.
Others receiving high egg yields from their birds were George Phillips of North Dartmouth; Emmons Entwistle of North Westport; John Cahoon of Fall River; Ralph and Leonard Doran, and Raymond Harrington of North Dartmouth; and Norman Picard of Freetown.
Another club will be in competition this month, namely, one from the Luthers School in Swansea. It was just organized, although the boys have not decided upon their name as yet.
Provenance
Text from Bristol County Farmers' Bulletin, published 1918, in the public domain in the United States and digitised by the Internet Archive. The settlements listed against this township are matched by point-in-polygon test of each Geographic Names Information System coordinate against the Census Bureau's county subdivision boundary, not by name.