Mansfield Town (part 8 of 12)

These non-poisonous insecticides are an important development in insect control. They are effective against many vegetable pests but are non-poisonous to warm blooded animals.

Rotenone-containing materials come chiefly from the plants derris and cube. Pyrethrum is a species of chrysanthemum. They are available both as sprays and dusts under a variety of brand names.

On vegetables the dust generally is preferred because it is more easily applied. Careful experiments show that derris dust is slightly more effective than pyrethrum dust for most vegetable insects.

Mixing - Rotenone is broken down by bright light and, therefore, is effective only four to five days after application. If continuous protection is necessary applications should be made at least once each week, or more often if washed off by heavy rain. It has also been found that effectiveness of roter^- one is decreased greatly by alkaline materials. Lime should not be used as a carrier for the dust nor in any spray containing rotenone. Rotenone-containing materials should not be mixed with Bordeaux mixture or lime sulfur.

Sulfur, an acid forming material, can be used to some extent. The most satisfactory carriers for derris powder are clay, gypsum, or Fuller's earth.

A satisfactory home-made dust can be prepared at a cost of about 8 cents per pound by mixing thoroughly 15 parts of powdered derris containing 4 per cent rotenone and 85 parts of inert clay. Commercially prepared dusts are considerably more expensive. Uses

Cabbage Worms - Especially effective against the larvae of cabbage butterfly and cabbage looper. When cabbage worms attack the heads of cabbage, cauliflower or broccoli, they should be (Continued on Page 3, Column 3)

Yes, but the building and equipment was all the lightning destroyed, not the service, and as for the spirit and determination to carry on the educational program by Extension Agents or by other instructors the program was hardly interrupted an hour by the fire. The fire came in the night!

New Students

School will open as usual, September 9 for the first year students. Applications are coming in fast and new students are being admitted every week. If you are planning to attend B. C. A. S. this fall, it will be necessary for you to file your application immediately. After your application has been received, an instructor will call to explain any problems that you may have regarding the school.

Out of the many government activities, agricultural and otherwise, some doubtless have been ill-considered, perhaps badly conceived. Probably there are among farmers and farm leaders as many who are glad the A. A. A., as such, was knocked in the head by the United States Supreme Court as there are persons so minded in any other industrial group.

But some government service offered to farmers has been fundamentally sound and helpful - the Federal Land Bank Service, more recently the Production Credit service, and now the Soil

The Soil Conservation Act is in line with the long term interests of the individual farmer and of the nation. Let's get into line with it by filling out the "work-sheet," as Bristol County Farmers, 100 per cent.

The need of crop reporting service covering market gai-den crops has been stressed from time to time by farmers and buyers. The Boston M^arket Gardeners' Association and the Farm Bureau with the help of the Extension Service has arranged with Mr. Stevens of the Crop Reporting Service to gather and supply information on several market garden crops. About 75 market gardeners in Bristol County have been asked to supply crop information. These men have been selected because of their size of business and past willingness to co-operate. Information mailed ot the Crop Reporting Service at Boston on Monday will be summarized and available to farmers and buyers by Thursday of the same week. The continuance of market garden crop reporting beyond the experimental stage is dependent upon the response in sending information to the Crop Reporting Service. This reporting service is one step nearer knowing what produce is available for the buyer.

Poultry tours have not been very common in recent years but the one carried out by Bristol County poultrymen and their friends on May 25 certainly made up for the lost time. Forty-four cars, one hundred and ten folks, worthwhile calls at Norfolk County Agricultural School, Weber Duck and Red Bird farms in Wrentham, Parmenter's in Franklin, and Globus's in Attleboro, perfect day, pleasant acquaintances - all helped to make it a very worthwhile day.

Tour side lights: - The County Agent had to convert his car into a cow pony, and rounded up stray cars at the traffic light in Wrentham - wandering hens and barking dogs do not mix with tours - every time Tripp blew his horn, every car in line near him hugged the gutter and thought a bus was passing - Joe Langton was eating all day, either a late breakfast or an early supper.

On the other hand - such items of interest as shavings used for house insulation - Ten R. 0. P. males heading 3,000 chix on range as a progeny testing unit - electric caponizing - a laying (Continued on Page 2, Column 1)

Total number herds, 26; total number cows, 836; number cows dry, 104; average pounds milk, 761; average test, 4.11 per cent; average pounds fat, 31.3.

(Continued from Page 1, Column 3) house with northern exposure - another that held 1,000 laying hens - gas brooders - pedigreed chix - brooders heated by hot air from an oil burner at a very low cost per chick - all these and many more.

The cold and wet spring has meant from one to three weeks extra heat per brooder of chix on most farms. Feathering was somewhat slower in many cases on that account.

More and more interest is being shown, in pullorum testing. Rightly so, for any stock badly infected, besides the usual severe death rate in the chix, will not do so well in the laying houses. Better plan to test if you raise your own replacements. By all means do so if chicks are sold. A definite campaign is under way to make Bristol County pullorum clean.

This is the time of the year to make your next year's profits more evident. How? By culling your growing pullets. Too many folks think that every female chicken should be kept as long as it can stand up. The result of such a mistake is evident in the records this winter in high mortality, low rate of production and many other factors. At any time only such birds should be kept that show evidence of stamina and vigor that is so necessary for a long life of continuous production. For instance, any bird that while on range shows any lameness, droopy wing, excessive wing feather growth with small body development, crow headed, evidence of any disease or lack of development from a disease outbreak, runts, etc., any such birds should be either disposed of in the market if right for it, or killed and burned.

Long grass on the range at this time of the year is no proof that it is an ideal range. Such grass is tough and liable to result in a crop bound condition in the bird. Better mow it and use the hay for mulch around the apple trees if no stock is kept.

How about shade? Late hatched chix and no shade is a poor combination. Pine boughs on a frame, old bags likewise, or some temporary shelter built of waste lumber is better than nothing. See that the water bucket is in the shade, too.

Social And Athletic Calendar

June Dance changfed to a boat trip tO Cuttyhunk, Thursday evening, July 2. Leave Homer's Wharf, New Bedford at 5.15. Reservations must be made in advance with the office at the Agricultural School. Tickets $1.00, including picnic lunch.

Junior High School Day

The Junior High School Day will be held June 13. All of the schools of Bristol County are expected to participate. There will be moving pictures and exhibits of birds, weeds, grasses, clovers, garden flowers, wild flowers, seeds, and insects at the Dighton High School.

In the afternoon, athletic events are arranged for the participation of everyone. At the B. C. A. S. Athletic Field, the "All Star Baseball Teams" of Berkfey and of Dighton will compete for championship.

Roland Ashley Speaks Over

Roland Ashley, who won the State Public Speaking Contest at Amherst in April was honored with an invitation to deliver his address on "Deforested America," over the WBZ New England News Radio Service, May 30th. According to reports from his many listeners, the reception was fine. He is making preparations for the regional contest at the Eastern States Exposition at Springfield in September.

Home Grounds Improvement

A large number of fellows are actively engaged in improving the appearance of their homes. Cleaning up trash and rubbish, tearing down old buildings and repairing others, planting shrubs and flowers, all add to the enjoyment of living on a farm.

The following program was presented: Business Meeting - Mrs. Arthur O. York, New Bedford, president Bristol County Home Bureau; "A Challenge for 1937", Mrs. Annette T. Herr, State Home Demonstration Leader; "Our Recreation Program," Miss Ruth Mc- Intire, Recreation Specialist; excerpts from the 4-H Club Music Appreciation Program; "Forward Planning," Miss Mary Sue Wigley, Dawson, Alabama.

Fresh Food Facts

Mischievously maligned, yet not defeated by petty propaganda or silly censure, is spinach, popular symbol of vim and vigor. Occasionally the criticisms are merited, and these nearly always trace to the preparation, cooking, or serving. As campaign manager for spinach, the cook has often failed by setting forth half-washed, much overcooked, or carelessly served greens. Spinach need not be the source of our proverbial "peck of dirt before we die" and the smooth leaf varieties of tender young native spinach now in market are easily cleaned by a few rinsings.

As to the cooking, over-cooking tends to mushiness and also destroys flavor and color. At present two spinach cooking theories confront the homemaker, one advocating the use of a large quantity of boiling water, and the other specifying no water except that left clinging to the leaves from the washing. But regardless of the chosen manner of cooking, it is agi-eed that the use of soda to keep the green color is not advisable because of its destructive effect on vitamins and texture of the vegetable. And the average healthy person likes foods with distinct texture as well as flavor.

From now until late fall practically all our spinach will come from nearby farms. Then Texas and Virginia will be the principal outside sources, with the Texas spinach supplying our needs during the winter months and Virginia crops filling in the gaps after the native spring spinach. While Boston yearly receipts for the five years - 1930 through 1934 - averaged 1,880 carloads, during 1935 receipts totalled 1,932 carloads and of this large volume, 70 per cent was native grown as compared with the usual proportion of 50 per cent. - Eleanor W. Bateman, Middlesex County Consumers' Council and Massachusetts Department of Agriculture.

Cane Seating Classes Announced

In most homes tucked away in some dark corner are one or more chairs that are strong and usable except that the cane seat has broken through.

A little time spent with soap and water and furniture polish, a little more time and eff^ort weaving a cane seat and the chair will not be returned to its dark corner, but will attain a new period of usefulness, one of those indispensable extra chairs.

Small classes in simple chair seating will be conducted by the Home Demonstration Agent in Bristol County during this summer. Anyone interested should communicate with Blanche W. Eames, Bristol County Agricultural School, Segreganset, Mass.

Canning Demonstrations

The newly revised Food Preservation Bulletin prepared by Professor Walter W. Chenowith and Mr. William R. Cole at the State College in Am- Ifcrst, is now available for distribution through the Bristol County Extension Service.

In addition to this help for the woman who is interested in preserving some of the summer's surplus for winter use, Mr. Cole has also scheduled a few dates in Bristol County for the purpose of canning demonstrations. These meetings are designed to give the inexperienced canner confidence to go ahead, but they are equally helpful to the more experienced homemaker who wants to learn modern methods of canning and jelly making.

If you are interested in improving your canning methods write to your Extension Service at the Bristol County Agricultural School, Segreganset, Mass.

An announcement from the State College in Amherst tells us that the date this year for Fai-m and Home Week is from July 28 to 31, inclusive.

Whether you go alone and live in the dormitory, or whether you bring the family and camp out, you will find the State College campus in Amherst a pleasant place to be, and the Farm and Home Week program well worth while.

Around The Farms

(Continued from Page 2, Column 2) ful. At blossom time a survey was made in several of the larger orchards and at that time early varieties had a full bloom. Mcintosh were spotty, all the way from a 10 per cent to 100 per cent bloom. Delicious were variable, some orchards showing evidence of a full bloom while others being without any. Gravensteins and Mcintosh showed signs of rather severe bud killing by frost when ~ in the pre-pink stage. Since then the heavy frost and freeze of May 8 and 15 has further damaged the crop. Many trees showing full bloom at that time are now showing but a 10 per cent set. Strawberries suff'ered severely, particu^ larly that part of the crop usually due for picking in the early part of the main harvest. This means careful handling of all fruit from now on to insure the best possible condition of the harvested fruit.

Curculio and railroad worm are here or coming soon. Thorough coverage must be made if clean fruit is expected. That means high pressure, 300 lbs. or more, carefully put on by one who knows what he is doing, and also applied at the right time, before the insects begin their work, not after. Curculio have been working since the middle of May and we may expect the apple maggot flies by the third week in June.

Clean up all waste fruit this fall. Don't throw it under the trees, or outside of the shed, or into some convenient hole back of the orchard. If you cannot feed this type of fruit or convert it to any home use, as jellies or preserves, bury it deeply so that any later emerging insects will be unable to find their way back to the orchards.

Derris Rotenone

Striped Cucumber Beetle - Rotenone dust has given excellent control, actually killing those thoroughly coated, ana repelling or poisoning others. Beetles are most active on warm sunny mornings following rain. Repeat applications at such times.

spray should be used after pods have formed. They may be used for all treatments. Two applications on the early crop and three on the late crop for control.

Squash Vine Borer - In recent experiments four applications of deiTts dust during July gave good control. Considering ease of application this treatment seems very promising.

Anna Silvia

In 1920 Anna Silvia of Johnson Street, Taunton, enrolled in the 4-H Bread Club at the County Street School. She became an ardent bread maker. Her interest did not stop here for she enjoyed preparing many of the meals for the rest of her family. She spent many hours with her leader learning short cuts in cooking and uses of leftovers.

Anna was selected as County Bread Making Champion in 1923 which entitled her to a glorious week at State Camp in Amherst. The following year she won a week's trip to Camp Field, Brockton Fair.

Through club work she became interested in nursing and upon completing high school in 1929 entered the Rhode Island Hospital in Providences, R. I., where she completed her training in 1932.

Her interest and enthusiasm for 4-H club work has carried over to other members of the family. Francis, Florence and Ernest Silvia are now making fine records for themselves.

Professor William R. Cole, State Specialist in Horticulture Manufactures, is to be in Bristol County July 7 and 8, also August 6 and 7. Would your club like some special help from him? If so get your request into the Bristol County Agricultural School Office soon as it will be a case of first come first served.

Girls who plan to "do over" a room at home during the summer months should enroll in the state contest. Ribbons will be awarded again this year.

The room should be visited by the girls' club agent before changes are made. Each girl may then make as many changes as she wishes. A copy of "My Own Room" bulletin will be sent each girl who chooses to do over her own room, and other helpful literature will be sent if a different room is chosen for improvement.

In the fall each room will be visited again by the club agent. The girls who stand highest in the county in this project will be candidates for state prize ribbons.

No girl should feel discouraged because of small amount of money available for improvement. This may be an asset since she will necessarily have to be more clever in the use of these limited funds.

Many of the clubs had very fine exhibits and programs this past month. Some of the more outstanding were the followings: County Street Clubs- Leaders, Miss Louise B. Sears, Miss Ida Davis, Avis Worthington, Margaret Rusconi, Sophie Bator, Jennie Rusconi, George Gray, Joseph Rusconi, Gilbert White and Rianoldo Ascherio; Oakland Handicraft Club - leaders, Mr. and Mrs. Willard Chace; South Rehoboth Clubs - leaders. Miss Najarian, Mrs. Harry Lucas and Mrs. Andrew J. Cnossen; Marie S. Howard School Clubs - leaders, Miss Susie J. Davis, Miss Blanche Rogers, Everett Philla, and Laurence Philla; Long Plain Clubs - leaders. Miss Anna Orlowski and Mrs. Benjamin Gilmore; Gidley Club, North Dartmouth - leaders, Mrs. Harry Goodwin, Mrs. Ralph Doran, Raymond Harrington, Ralph Doran, Jr., and Andrew Goodwin; Faunce Corner Clubs - leader. Miss Edna Barnes; South Somerset Street - leaders, Miss Genevieve Logan and Miss Ethel Tompkins; Bark Street, Swansea, Clubs - leaders, Mrs. Victor Pontes, Mrs. Manuel Mendoza. Miss Margaret Donnelly; North Raynham - leader. Miss Barbara Sullivan.

Camp hobbies will probably include the following: Leather craft, wood carving, music, and nature. There will be a charge of not over twenty-five cents for hobbies to cover cost of material used.

M,r. D. Lee Johnson of Rehoboth has very kindly offered to truck all necessary baggage to and from County Camp. I am sure he would be glad to carry

Don't forget to biing permits for swimming and boating from your parents; also a certificate or note from your family doctor or the School Nurse that you are "fit" for camp.

Keep the weeds out of the garden. In dry weather such as we are having it is more necessary than ever to get them out for they sap the soil of moisture that the vegetables should get.

The common garden insects to be found in the gardens now are potato beetle, cucumber beetle, cutworms. Spray potatoes with arsenate of lead or if you have only a few hills or rows pick them off and put in a can of kerosene. The cucumber and melons and squash plants should be sprayed with arsenate of lead and Bordeaux mixture. Powdered lime scattered on the foliage will repel the insect. For cut worms put collars around the stems of tomatoes. Otherwise use a mash made of bran, paris green and molasses in following parts, 5-y8-y2. Moisten mash and scatter a little around at dusk.

The standing of the Poultry Clubs of the County for April was as follows: First, Oak Hill Poultry Club, Attleboro; second, Caswell Poultry Club, East Taunton; third, Full-O-Pep, North Dartmouth; fourth, Faunce Corner Poultry Club, Dartmouth; fifth, Factory Poultry Club, Westport; sixth. Greenwood Hustlers' Poultry Club, North Westport; seventh. Common Poultry Club, Berkley.

The three individual prize winners were: First, Robert and Abraham Leventhal and Martin Slutsky, Attleboro, 27.53 eggs per bird; second, George Remillard, Attleboro, 26.37 eggs per bird; third, Alfred Henault, East Taunton, 26.18 eggs per bird. Others who stood high were Howard Slocum, North Dartmouth; Louis Bergeron, East Freetown; John Riley, East Taunton; Kenneth and Gladys McConvill, North Dartmouth; Randolph Riley, East Taunton; Leonard and Ralph Doran, North Dartmouth; James Hathaway, Berkley; George Cardoza and Alfred Perry, Westport; Robert Quimby, Attleboro; Bernard and Theodore Paquette and Stella Mitzan, North Dartmouth; Harold Omerod, Westport; Everett Bauer, Attleboro, and Frank Morton, East Taunton.

Suggestions On Picking Fruit

Advance information as to the subject matter and speakers who will discuss the farm problems has gone out from Amherst and it looks like a valuable week for our rural folk. The discussions and demonstrations are carried out from Tuesday, July 28, through Friday, July 31. The program is very well selected to meet present day requirements and problems, and practically all branches of farming and homemaking have been considered. The program by days is as follows: Tuesday, July 28 - Fruit Growing, Home Flower Garden, Homemaking, Forestry. Wednesday, July 29 - Fruit Growing, Home Flower Garden, Homemaking. Market Garden, Dairy. Thursday, July 30-^Home Flower Garden, Homemaking, Lawns, Dairy, Agricultural Conservation, Poultry, Beekeepers. Friday, July 31 - Farm Management, Homemaking, Farm Crops, Nurserymen, Parent-Teachers, Grange. Besides these specific days there will be meetings and special events for the allied agricultural industries and associations. Programs will be furnished upon request.

Saving Your Own Seed

Many market gardeners in the county save their own strain of vegetable seeds each year and we print part of a discussion by Robert E. Young of Waltham Field Station as follows:

"A constant supply of good seed is of utmost importance to the market gardener. He should look to his seedsman to keep him supplied with the best to be obtained. If, however, he finds that the seedsman's best strain is not adapted to his land and method of growing, and he has plants in his own crop that are superior, he is justified in considering the advisability of saving his own seed.

The vegetables that pollinate themselves are: Tomato, bean, lettuce, dandelion, and pea. Seed from these vegetables may be saved with safety if proper care is used in selecting the

Through all the long years American manufacturers have enjoyed a "protective tariff." In the early years it was because they were "infant" industries. More recently it is to maintain higher a "standard of living" for American workmen. The farmer got from politicians "weasel" words and promises - only.

M,ore recently, in the Federal Land Bank, the Production Credit Association, and now the Soil Conservation Act, the farmer is getting honest consideration. The "Soil Conservation Act" comes as near to being a fair counterbalance to the manufacturer's tariff as we are likely to see. Shrewd farmers will take advantage of it as shrewd manufacturers take advantage of the tariff.

So let's get in line with Soil Conservation by filling out the "work sheet." By returning the enclosed postcard, the Soil Conservation Agent, Mr. Vincent Riley, or a committeeman, will assist you. No contract, no obligation whatever; but it puts you in line of advantage this year, or the next, or the next. The card requires no postage.

plants and fruit. Several of our growers save their own horticultural bean seed, and certain ones have developed strains particularly suited to their own farms.

It is more difficult to save ^eed of the biennials, as the roots of plants must be stored over winter. Beets are usually cross pollinated, but, if carefully selected roots are set out in the spring, the resulting seed should be as good as or better than the parent. The same holds true for the carrot, except that the planting must be isolated to prevent cross pollination with the wild carrot which abounds here.

A group of plants to be considered is one that is nearly always cross pollinated, and this makes saving one's own seed very uncertain: Cucumber, squash, melon, and corn (hybrid).

Berries, like vegetables, are best when picked early in the day because they are then turgid with the accumulated moisture taken in during the night when evaporation from parts of the plant that are above ground is slowed up.

Grapes, in common with nearly all kinds of fruit, are at their best when fully ripened on the vines. When picking for home use or for nearby market they should be ripened ready to eat on the vine to get the luscious flavor and aroma that this delicious fruit yields us when at its best.

As the experienced grower well knows diflrerent kinds of fruit have quite different bearing habits. For example, apples and pears are borne on what is called a fruit spur, a small stub that may blossom and bear fruit indefinitely. In early thinning of apples it is desirable to leave alternate fruit spurs along the branch empty of fruit as one means of inducing a yield of fruit every year. The fruit spur that is not allowed to yield this year is more likely to blossom and yield next year.

One of the most serious errors made by the inexperienced in pruning and picking apples and pears is the breaking off of fruit spurs by climbing in the trees or even pruning them off in ignorance of their importance.

When apples or pears are picked they should be cracked off by placing the thumb or finger against the junction of the fruit stem and fruit spur, then bending the stem over this thumb or finger so as to pick the stem with the fruit but leave the spur on the tree unharmed.

Knowledge of the bearing habits of different fruits is similarly important to prune intelligently. Grapes are borne on new growth, peaches are borne on wood grown the previous year, but pruning is another story.

Pears are an exception in that they ripen at their best after picking. They may be allowed to ripen on the tree but if picked somewhat early and kept in a cool, dark place they ripen perfectly.

Total herds, 26; total cows on test, 835; number cows in milk, 754; number cows dry, 81; average production per cow, 727 pounds milk, 29.7 pounds butterfat; average butterfat test, 4.08 per cent.

Saving Your Own Seeds

(Continued from Page 1, Column 2) the same vine. Bees and other insects carry the pollen from the male ilower to the female. Inasmuch as the insects may have visited other squash plants, or even other varieties of squash, it is impossible to tell what kind of plant the pollen comes from. The plant supplying the pollen contributes half of the characters to the new seed. You may select fine cucumber or squash for seed, only to discover the next year that the plant that supplied the pollen was inferior. To be sure of getting good seed of these plants, it is necessary to bag the flowers and hand pollinate or isolate them from other plants which might supply undesirable pollen.

Seed should not be saved from the new hybrid corn. The desirable characters of this corn are brought about by crossing. The second year after the cross, many types of corn will be produced from the same lot of seed."

Elsmore Austin

Back in 1924 Elsmore Austin of Mansfield, then about 12 years old, enrolled in a Poultry Club and became so enthusiastic about it that he was able to get four or five other boys together to organize a club.

When he returned a few years later he started in the poultry club work again doing considerable hatching and raising quite a large flock from which he received good yields of eggs. He had a nice little retail egg trade in Mansfield which netted him a neat profit.

When Elsmore was about fifteen years old he was chosen county poultry champion which at that time was rewarded by a free trip to the State Club Camp at Amherst.

A few years later he entered the New York "Aggie" School at Farmingdale, Long Island, New York, paying his way through largely with money earned in the 4-H Poultry Club.

Since graduation from the New York "Aggie" a few years ago, Elsmore has worked in a few large orchards in this section as well as being foreman on one or two large farms.

Two years ago Elsmore led a poultry and daii-y club in Mansfield and when Camp Vail, the 4-H Camp at Eastern States Exposition, opened last fall Elsmore was chosen to represent this county at that Camp. He did such a

SOCIAL AND ATHLETIC CALENDAR Beach Party - Date, July 23 ; place. Fort Phoenix. Hosts, Mr. Millard and Mr. Woodward; hostesses, Mrs. Millard and Mrs. Woodward. Camping Trip - Date, August 22-23; place, Crowell Hill, Auburn, Mass. Advisors, Mr. Philbrook, Mr. Hawkes, Mr. Gilbert. Tennis, Horseshoe and Canoe Meet - Date, September 18. Advisors, M,r. Wyeth, Mr. Tufts, Mr. Hawkes. Any of the students of B. C. A. S. are invited to enjoy these events. The Beach Party consists of field and water sports, swimming, diving, racing, and best of all a fire and lunch on the beach. The Camping Trip means an over night trip near Worcester. Meals are cooked over an open fire, we sleep under the stars, attend church, go swimming, enjoy a change of scenery and forget our every day work. Come along with us this year. The Tennis, Horseshoe and Canoe Meet is mostly an afternoon of skill. The best tennis players, horseshoe pitchers and canoe tilters participate for honors. Don't forget, fellows, that part of your athletic awards are based on some of these events.

Enrolments of new students for the coming year are being filed. At the present vnriting, it would seem that our quota would be reached very soon. If you or any of your friends are planning to enter Bristol County Agricultural School this fall, it would be advisable to make application immediately.

Worthwhile Freshmen Projects

Roland Paquette, of Taunton, has one of the outstanding garden projects in the freshmen group. In spite of the dry weather and rather poor soil, he has accomplished more than would be expected. At present it would seem that even the small kitchen garden plot would yield an income worthwhile.

Samuel Bottomley, Taunton. There is no garden as outstanding as Sam's this year. It is a pleasure to see a garden where all the best practices are carried out such as - proper use of rye for green manure, use of a portable line of irrigation, rotation crops and good cultivation. Mr. Frame, with whom Sam lives has long been noted for his excellent pansies. A bed exhibited at the spring flower show called forth much comment. Included in Sam's layout are small fruits as well as vegetables, making a fine well balanced home garden.

Mrs. Arthur O. York of New Bedford, President of the Bristol County Home Bureau, presided at the business meeting with which our Annual Meeting opened on June 6. Mrs. W. Wallace Austin of Taunton, Mrs. Harry C. Perry of Segreganset, and Mrs. Philip A. Gavin of Norton were elected members of the Executive Board, each to serve a threeyear term.

Mrs. Annette T. Herr, Home Demonstration Leader, spoke on the subject, "A Challenge for 1937." Mrs. Herr said that each of us owes a responsibility to the community in which we live. We should study community problems, and take an active part in their improvement.

Miss Ruth Mclntire described plans for our fall program of Play Production, and also our plans for giving any needed assistance with community studies.

The afternoon program was opened with community singing led by Miss Mclntire. Miss Dorothy Stswart described the 4-H Club Music Appreciation program and four local clubs co-operated by repeating the dramatization of songs that had been used in connection with the 4-H Achievement Day program.

Mrs. Lois Chase's Clothing Club from Taunton, dramatized "Rosa," a Flemish folk song. Solvejg's' "Cradle Song" was illustrated by Mrs. D. Lee Johnson's Food and Home Furnishing Club from Rehoboth, and Mrs. Ralph Doran's Food Club from North Dartmouth, dramatized Brahms' "Lullaby". And to prove that boys are also interested in music, Mr. Willard Chase's Handicraft Club of Taunton dramatized "Home on the Range."

The outstanding feature of the day was Miss Sue Wigley's excellent talk on "Forward Planning." Her subject dealt chiefly with economic problems of the home. Miss Wigley said that we should take time to write our goals down and then work steadily to achieve them.

That her fine understanding of human problems was largely gained through her own experiences was revealed during her talk. Miss Wigley believes that families should share and work together co-operatively and that only by making definite plans and working together can they hope to reach their goals. The happiness and spiritual strength of families that live and work together in peace and harmony is of greater value than any wealth.

Ridding Your Home And Garden

During the summer months the control of ants often presents a serious problem. Directions for meeting this problem have recently been received from the State College and you may obtain a copy by writing to the Bristol County Extension Service, Segreganset, Mass.

Rust Stains

If rust stains froni screens appear after curtains are washed, they may be removed before the rinsing by using a solution of two tablespoonfuls of oxalic acid crystals in one pint of warm water. This solution may be applied to the stain with a dropper. Applications should be continued until the stain is gone. The curtain is then rinsed thoroughly, one tablespoonful of ammonia being added to the last rinse.

Home Made Cheese And Its

A complete program will be sent to anyone who requests it, but an outline of some of the outstanding features of the homemakers' program may be of interest.

Mr. A. D. Zanzig, director of music for the National Recreation Association of New York is to conduct each morning a program of community singing designed primarily for those who are interested in club and community singing. Mr. Zanzig's enthusiasm and real love for singing makes it a real privilege to participate in such a series of meetings. Mr. Zanzig also has two appointments to discuss music experiences for all children at which time he will have something to say about that ever present problem of getting children to practice.

Rug making, food fads and fallacies, clothing problems of the consumer, choosing- foundation garments, a discussion of the child as a person, and a salad and sandwich making demonstration are a few of the subjects to be treated by persons well qualified to handle their subjects.

With a program of such varied interests it is difficult to pick out any parts to emphasize. Our suggestion is that the family pack up their tooth brushes and go along to Amherst from July 28 to 31 and find out for themselves just what this week has to offer.

There is a certain fascination about stepping out of one's own character and acting a part on the stage. It is this fascination that leads people to suggest when it seems necsssaiy to raise money for some pet organization, 'Oh, let's put on a play." Little Theatre groups are formed by those who have succumbed to the fascination and who have learned the recreational opportunities in play production.

Because of continued requests for help with amateur theatricals the Bristol County Extension Service has decided to specialize in play production this fall. A series of four meetings will be held in four different sections of the county. Any group, small or large, who would like to put on a one-act play will be privileged to send representatives to these meetings. The subjects to be dealt with are briefly as follows:

No other crop gives as much food value or pounds of food for the amount of ground used as good, well-grown, well cared for tomato plants, according to garden specialists at Massachusetts State College. Staked plants produce from four to six pounds of fruit on four square feet of ground.

Were a young man to write down a list of his duties, health would be among the flrst items in the catalog. This is no exaggeration of its value, for health is indispensable to almost any form of human enjoyment. - Horace Mann.

Elsmore Austin

(Continued from Page 2, Column 2) fine piece of work there that "Uncle George" Farley arranged for him to enter the Springfield Training College where Elsmore has been this past year.

Elsmore is an unusually fine chap with a wonderfully fine personality. He has done notable work in club leadership in this county and will no doubt be successful in his future work, which in all probability will be leadership work of some kind.

The 4-H Club Camp of Bristol County started June 21 at dinner time. There were 91 campers and counselors with Mr. Wyeth as director. This first afternoon was spent in unpacking, making up bunks, and making new friends.

A picnic supper was enjoyed in the grove and vesper service followed. The Rev. Hansel H. Tower, pastor of the First M. E. Church of Taunton, gave a short yet inspiring talk on service. At 9.30 taps was heard.

All campers were up bright and early Monday morning. After flag raising and a good breakfast an assembly was held. The campers were told about the hobbies and they chose leather work, lead by Miss Margaret Bemis and Francis Silvia; wood carving under the direction of Richard Bugbee; music under the leadership of Miss Dorothy Stewart and Miss Mildred Ashley; or nature study taught by John Perry and Elizabeth Gilson.

There were three nature walks which all campers enjoyed and learned a great deal about flowers and trees. The final walk was a nature treasure hunt.

The campfire service held each evening was divided into two parts. The serious part consisted of a song, a talk, a worthwhile poem. The humorous part gave campers a chance to show their talent. There were always stunts and songs. A news reporter during campfire would read writeups of camp events.

the candlelight service took place. There were more visitors than there had been in former years. Mr. Wyeth conducted this ceremony. The camp spirits for next year were brought forward - Sophie Bator of Taunton represented the girls, and Gilbert White of Taunton the boys.

Next the 4-H's were brought forward They were - Head: Ellen Swanson and George Riley; Heart: Dorothea Brownell and Leonard Roaen; Hand: Ora Chace and Ernest Silvia; Health: Lorraine Lavigne and Richard Sprague.

Mrs. D. Lee Johnson told the story of the fire-bringer in an interesting manner. Songs were sung throughout the program and the service ended with taps sounding in the distance.

Others who had fiocks that averaged 20 eggs per bird and over were Randolph Riley, East Taunton; Ralph and Leonard Doran, North Dartmouth; Harold Larkin, South Attleboro; Stella Mitzen, North Dartmouth; Everett Bauer, Attleboro and Louis Bergeron, East Freetown. The standing by clubs for M^y is as follows:

The Oak Hill Poultry Club of Attleboro and their leader, Mr. George Williams, will receive a free two-day trip to the Eastern States Exposition at Springfield in September for having done the best work of any poultry club in the county during the past season.

Garden club members should plan to exhibit vegetables and flowers in one or more of the following fairs this late summer and fall: Junior Garden Show, Horticultural Hall, Boston, August 27 and 28; The Rehoboth Fair, Sept. 3, 4 and 5, and the Acushnet Fair, Sept. 16 and 17. This will be a fine opportunity for you to earn some cash quite easily if you grow and select the best specimens.

The Club Agent will meet with the various clubs before any of these dates and demonstrate how to select and prepare vegetables and flowers for exhibition.

Rotenone Dust is good for many vegetable pests. You can get this at most of the stores that deal in seed supplies. Write for a pamphlet about it or one about insects and diseases of vegetables and flowers.

Reunion Of Former State Camp Members

A reunion of former State Camp and Camp Gilbert members will be held at the State College, Amherst, July 17, 18, and 19. The cost will be $1.00 per day. Each person must take his own bedding. The committee in charge has arranged the following tentative program : Friday -

10.00 A. M. - Meeting (with speaker). 11.00 A.M. - Tell who you are and what doing. 2.00 P. M. - Business meeting. 3.00 P. M. - Get-to-gether. 5.00 P. M. - Picnic on Mt. Pleasant (Mr. Farley, speaker). Let's have a good delegation from Bristol County!

WORTHWHILE FRESHMEN PROJECTS (Continued from Page 2) Daniel Clark of Brockton has a small but well laid out kitchen garden. Cucumber beetles and Colorado potato beetles have caused much annoyance, but careful spraying has saved his crop.

Late Tomato Blight

Late Tomato Blight has appeared in Bristol County during the last few days. Several men have taken the necessary precaution to have their tomatoes covered with Bordeaux. More men are spraying with Bordeaux this year than during the previous two years. In order to have proper protection from late blight, Bordeaux must be forced onto the undermost leaves and stems. This is the point where late blight infection starts.

Many growers are using home-made Bordeaux with much success. Bordeaux 5-5-50 is made by first dissolving five pounds of bluestone in five gallons of water in a wooden barrel. Next, dissolve five pounds of hydrated lime in five gallons of water in another barrel. The lime mixture must be added to the spray tank first at the start of filling. When the tank is nearly full add the bluestone and mix thoroughly.

Stock solutions of bluestone and hydrated lime may be made in separate barrels days before actual spraying. In each case a mixture of one pound to one gallon of water will give the right proportion when the spray tank is filled, using five gallons of each stock solution to 50 gallons of water in the spray tank.

Potato Situation

With various opinions abounding relative to expected potato yields it seems as if the price of potatoes should stay around a dollar a bushel during the digging season. The next potato crop report is due August 10. Present indications are for light yields in most potato fields in Bristol County. Dry weather hurt the set and size of Cobblers on light land. Within the same fields the crop will be light and heavy.

It seems advisable with earlier potato areas cleaning up rapidly and the Maine Cobbler crop late, to prolong digfcing into late August and early September. It may be advisable for men to store two to three weeks early digging if the price keeps much below a dollar a bushel.

Class-Work Re-Opens Usual

Notwithstanding the handicap from losing our main school building by fire, class work will be resumed in temporary quarters at the usual dates.

Landon Endorses Soil Conservation

"The wealth of our soil must be preserved. We shall establish effective soil conservation and erosion control policies in connection with a national land use and flood control program - and keep it all out of politics." - from the Acceptance Speech.

The sound sense of a permanent national soil conservation program rightly commends it to all clear thinking persons, whatever their politics or profession. The present set-up of the Soil Conservation program is the work of able experts and leaders. As set-up for New England it is the work of our own New England leaders.

So let's get in line 100 per cent for Soil Conservation. It's sound sense for the individual and for the nation. If you haven't filled out and filed the "Work Sheet" do so now - even though it offers you no money advantage this year. It will put you in line for next year and the year after, for all the years ahead. The Bristol County Extension Service will assist you for the asking.

Soil Conservation

The final date for the filing of work sheets in Bristol County has closed. Now the work of compliance and checking will take place. About 550 farmers in the county can use governmental help in improving and maintaining their farm lands.

Fruit Prospects

There is every indication of a short crop of apples this fall. The freeze in the middle of May affected the set and the June drop was exceptionally heavy. Some growers in the State had a fair set of Baldwins up to June, then reported a complete loss from drop. And then to add to the unsatisfactory condition, a severe hail storm in mid- July just about finished the crop in certain sections of the county. Apples, grapes, plums and peaches were literally cut to pieces in North Attleboro, Dighton and Berkley.

However, this does not mean that the situation will enable one to sell ev«ry apple that will grow to maturity. A cull is a cull at any time, and the market is easily influenced by the dumping into it of fruit that because of its low value, brings a corresponding low price that seriously affects the sale of the better grade of product.

A pest that is apparently on the increase in Bristol County has been brought to the notice of the Extension Office. It is known as the European Earwig and since 1911 has been serious in adjoining Newport County. In early July of this year reports have come to our attention of the presence of the insect in Fall River, Somerset and Dighton.

A brief description is as follows: The adult insects are of the hard shelled beetle type, about three-fourths of an inch long, reddish brown in color and the females carry a prominent forcepslike extension at the end of the abdomen. The antennae or "feelers" are of the segmented type and rather long. The pest appears about the middle of June and continues extensive feeding on all kinds of vegetation in the gardens and lawns until the middle of July. They even get into houses and because of their filthy habits are certainly a nuisance. Because of their habit of feeding at night and hiding by day in

July, 1936

Total herds, 27; Total cows on test, 871; number cows in milk, 781; number cows dry, 90; average production per cow: 752 pounds milk, 29.9 pounds butterfat; average butterfat test, .397 per cent.

Pertinent Poultry Pointers Farm Radio

Don't overcrowd these days, or anytime for that matter. Some of these hot nights when the thermometer is eighty degrees and the humidity is high, go out to the pullet houses or shelters and see how they are getting along. Then do aa you would be done by. It will pay.

How many times did you pick up the eggs today? If your eggs do not bring top prices and the cause is germ development or too large air cell to be classed as fresh, remember the hen did her part to give you a good egg to start with. The rest is up to you.

Soil Conservation

(Continued from Page 1, Column 2) approved practice of winter cover crops should plan to do so. A winter cover crop is absolutely essential on Bristol County farm lands. The long open fall with heavy rains leach and wash the light soils. A winter cover crop will save some of the unused fertilizers by using it in growth. A cover crop will furnish feed for cows late in the fall and during early spring when hay prices are apt to be high. At present the government will reimburse a farmer at the rate of one dollar per acre for each acre of winter cover crops grown. This will just about cover one-half the seed cost of wheat, barley, or rye.

Do you use the radio to your best advantage? Station WBZ at Boston cooperating with the U. S. D. A., Bureau of Agricultural Economics, the Departments of Agriculture of the New England States and the National Broadcasting Company maintains a definite schedule of farm broadcasts. At 6.30 A. M. prices! and comments are given on the Boston Butter and Egg Market, Brockton Egg Auction, Springfield Market, Providence Egg and Produce Market New York Broiler Market. Also at this hour timely agricultural news is given as well as special broadcasts such as spray recommendations. Daily at 1.00 o'clock there are broadcasts by agricultural leaders on various farm topics. This broadcast is followed by comment on the Boston Terminal Market, the Boston and New York Potato Market and carload receipts of all kinds of produce at Boston.

From Station WJAR at Providence there is a market broadcast on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at 12.45 P. M. From WNBH Mondays at 12.00 noon your County Agricultural Agent discusses timely farm topics affecting Bristol County agriculture. Arrangements are being made with Stations WNBH and WSAR to broadcast daily reports from Fall River Farmers' Market.

Where Some Of Them Are

George Berry '34, Frank Brown '34, and Joseph Massey, are working for the H. P. Hood Dairy Company of Fall River. Brown has a route of his own and the other two are route helpers.

Ellsworth Phillips '36 is again in landscape and gardening work at the Cottage Nurseries at Smith Mills. He specializes in everything perennial, gold fish, window boxes, water lilies, and bridal bouquets.

Albert (Dutch) Vanderberg is working his mother's farm in Rehoboth. He is keeping bees, swine, dairy cattle and poultry, and carrying on a market garden enterprise.

Russell Miller '36 is working on his grandfather's farm this year while he develops his own poultry plant at home. He is planning to build a poultry house and is carrying 250 pullets through the summer.

William Wills '38 of Mansfield has left his work at the school farm, where he was working in the nursery, and is now employed at the Harco Orchards and Poultry Farm. He is getting fine experience in trapnesting and pedigree breeding.

Sidney Winslow is working on the Eben Brown poultry farm, Rehoboth, and James Smith on the Warren Arnold poultry farm next door. Both were freshmen last year. Sidney has been working since early in the spring and his records show that practically very cent that he has earned has been saved. He expects some day to attend Massachusetts State College, when he will need this.

Wedding Bells

The annual camping trip will be held August 22-23, at Crowell Hill, in Au. burn, Mass. The crowd will meet at the dormitory at twelve o'clock, Saturday noon. Bring your tooth brush, pajamas and blankets. We will sleep under the stars, cook our meals over an open fire and get a taste of mountain air. Mp, Gilbert, Mr. Hawkes and Mr. Philbrook are the advisers. If you wish to go with the group please get in touch with one of the advisers. Tennis, Horseshoe and Canoe Meet.

Of Course You Can Tomatoes

There is nothing that is canned or preserved during the summer that can bring greater returns to the family in variety of uses and in health units than plain canned tomatoes.

Those who have tried the method of canning recommended by the specialists at the State College agree that the tomatoes taste more like the fresh product than those canned by any other method.

The following recipe is quoted from "Food Preservation," a leaflet prepared at the State College and distributed through the Bristol County Extension Service, Segreganset, Mass.

"1. If canned in quantity grade for size. Do not can tomatoes that show much green at the base of the fruit. Any fruits having rot should be discarded.

o. Blanch to loosen skins. The time required will vary depending upon relative amount of water and tomatoes. Generally from 1 to 1 % minutes will be sufficient if boiling water is 4 to 5 times weight of fruit. Cool at once in cold water.

4. With a sharp pointed knife remove the core from the stem end by cutting out a conical shaped piece. The diameter at the outer end shall include

7. Fill the jar about half full then with fingers press the tomatoes down. Continue to pack, pressing down to secure a solid pack until the Jar is full. Press out V2 to 2-3 cup of juice per pint jar. Add % teaspoon salt per pint, 1 teaspoon per quart.

8. Wipe the sealing surface to remove any pulp or seeds, adjust the rubber and cover, bring the top clamp into the notch on cover, and process in water bath, pints 30 minutes, quarts 40 minutes.

If you like a full jar there are three points to watch. First, in step seven, be sure to continue adding tomatoes and pressing out the juice until the jar is full of solid tomatoes. In step eight be sure the water bath covers the jar completely, and then watch to see that the water does not boil too hard. A nice rolling boil where the jars do not bounce

Do you tuck notes away here and there hoping to be reminded of this or that at your moment of need? The moment comes and passes - the notes are too well hidden to produce anything but a vague feeling of uneasiness.

There are a number of bulletins and leaflets that might help you answer these clothing questions and others. Following is a list of some that are available free of charge. Clothing Bulletins and Leaflets - Reference List Compiled by Mrs. Esther Cooley Page,

Buttonholes No. 122; Pockets and Arrowheads No. 123; Make a Dress No. 161; Tools and Equipment for Sewing No. 158; Pleats and Hems No. 124; Necklines and Edge Finishes No. 125; Make a Coat No. 162.

A Sewing Box, Blue Print and Photograph, describing the construction of a wooden box for the storage of small sewing supplies, can be borrowed from your home demonstration agent, if you are interested in having this type of thing made.

Clothing for Infants Designed by Bureau of Home Economics - Illustrated list of approved commercial patterns for infants' clothing, suggestions for materials and construction are included.

A Child's Playsuit Designed by the U. S. Bureau of Home Economics - Illustrated sheet describing an ideal playsuit for a small child. Construction points are suggested . U. S. D. A. Bureau of Home Economics Leaflets - An illustrated series of bulletins on the effects of clothing on the child, principles of good design as they affect posture, comfort and habit training, ease of construction, laundering and economy: Children's Rompers No. 79; Dresses for the Little Girl No. 80; Suits for the Small Boy No. 52; Sun Suits for Children No. 24; Ensembles for Sunny Days No. 63; Playsuits for Winter No. 54. U. S. D. A. Farmer's Bulletins:

Methods and Equipment for Home Laundering No. 1497 - Information on arrangement, selection and care of equipment; discussion of electric washing and ironing machines; suggestion for softening water; choosing laundry supplies; and doing family washing and ironing.

Stain Removal from Fabrics No. 1474 - Principles of stain removal, substances and methods used; effect on various kinds of materials. Directions for removing about 100 kinds of stains.

One of the best methods is to place several berry boxes nested in one another in various parts of the garden. After feeding at night the earwigs will crawl away in these hiding places and may be destroyed by hot water or oO in the morning. Various poison baits are useful and certain ones are harmless to cats or birds because of the materials and methods used.

The time for the control of the earwig is now past, but because of its seriousness and gradual spread, market and home gardeners, fruit and flower growers should be alive to the situation and be prepared by the coming spring to carry on an intensive campaign to control the pest.

The Extension Office will appreciate hearing from anyone who has noticed the earwig in Bristol County this spring in order to determine its prevalence and the area infested.

College

One 4-H leader attended the Junior Training School at the State College, Amherst, during the week of July 16 and five leaders beside the County Club Agents attended the Adult Leaders' Training School the week of July 24. The Junior leader was Richard Bugbee of Attleboro Falls and the Adult leaders were Mjrs. Ada E. Eastwood and Mrs. Mildred McLeod of Easton, Miss Anna Orlowski and Miss Blanche Rogers of Acushnet and Mr. Willard Chace of Taunton.

Many valuable helps were acquired and a wonderful time was enjoyed by all. The two schools were certainly a great inspiration to all who attended and will no doubt add much to quality and quantity of the work that these leaders will do. It would be ideal if many more leaders could go. Perhaps another year this wUl be possible.

GARDEN CLUB NOTES Many fine gardens were found in a recent inspection of gardens by the County Club Agent. Among the best were the following: Walter Draus, Lucien St. Armand, and Joseph Lopata, of Acushnet; George Mycock, Jr., and Leonard Copeland, Assonet; Herbert Griffin and William Hill of Attleboro Falls; Harold Larkin, South Attleboro; Raymond Langlois, Chester DeMoranville and Edgar DeMoranville of Faunce Corner, North Dartmouth; Frank Bosworth and George Berry, South Dartmouth; Joseph DeRoche, Elmer Stott, and Edward and Wilfred Schobel of North Rehoboth; Edward and George Corey, South Rehoboth; Jose and Antone Rocha, John Rotsko, Roland Correia and Arthur Souza of South Somerset; Richard Williams, Manuel Roupa, Charles Brown, Enos White, Gilbert White, Walter Travers, and Arthur Silvia, Taunton; John Riley, East Taunton; and Thomas Rogers and Charles Adao, Westport.

Don't forget the 4-H Garden Exhibit in Horticulture Hall, Boston, August 27 and 28, entries of which should be in to the Club Agent by August 20; the Rehoboth Fair on September 3, 4 and 5, and the Acushnet Grange Fair on September 16 and 17. In all three Fairs there are about $200.00 awarded as prizes in all classes. You should be in on these.

Poultry Notes

Several of the club boys are continuing with the keeping of egg records and this Is a good plan for many reasons. Usually the poultry club member who has kept the best all year round records is the one to win the coveted

Keep the chicks growing well, plenty fresh water shade succulent food and don't allow them to over-crowd; in other words have sufficient roosting space.

At the Brockton Fair during the week of September 14 there is to be a Poultry Judging contest which is open to all Poultry Club members. Free admission to the Fair is given to any club member who is taking part in this or the Vegetable Judging contest.

At a reunion of 4-H Club members held recently at the State College, Amherst, Massachusetts, the following were present from Bristol County: Mr. and Mrs. D. Lee Johnson of Rehoboth; Mrs. Evelyn Rawcliff, Raymond Harrington, Ralph Doran and Miss Lorraine Paquette of North Dartmouth; Harvey Smith of Westport; Miss Ida Davis of Taunton, Miss Mildred Ashley, Berkley, and the Club Agent.

Canning Exhibit Suggestions

Fair time will soon be here and 4-H Club members are saving their best jars of canned goods to exhibit. There will be local club exhibits, grange and community exhibits.

The following are a few things to consider in selecting your jars. In general, all jars should be clean and properly labelled. Each label should contain the name of product, year in club work, name of your club, and town. The label should be placed on the smooth side of jar close to the bottom. Jellies and jams should be covered with a thin layer of paraffin. If setting up an exhibit of a collection of canned fruit and vegetables keep color harmony in mind. Use all quart jars or pint size in the same exhibit if possible. If using two sizes keep balance in mind.

Christina Schobel

When Christina Schobel of Rehoboth was in the seventh grade she joined a 4-H Clothing Club led by Mrs. Fletcher. There was no club in the eighth grade.

The following year a 4-H Clothing Club was formed by Clara M,unroe, now Mrs. Herbert Ashley, and Christina again became a member. She belonged to this club all during high school.

One year she entered the County Dress Contest with a cotton school dress and won first prize. This entitled her to enter the State Dress Contest held at Worcester. The following year she entered the County Contest with cotton party dress and again won first prize. In the State Contest she received second prize.

In 1931 when she graduated from high school Christina was awarded a trip to County Camp for her excellence in clothing club work. She had been making most of her own clothes and many articles for the rest of the family.

The summer that Christina finished her freshman year in high school she joined a 4-H Canning club led by Mrs. Ashley. She continued each year, doing nearly all of the family canning. In 1932 she went to State Camp as Junior Leader in Canning as she had been assisting Mrs. Ashley.

In the fall of 1932 Christina was working in East Providence doing housework and caring for children. One evening every two weeks she came home to lead a clothing club. She did this as long as she was able through all kinds of weather. Later the family moved and it was impossible for her to get bus connections to get home in a reasonable time. Many evenings her older brother, also a 4-H Club member, would take her back after club meetingfs.

POTATO SITUATION (Cont. from P.l) It has been a common practice for some truckers to purchase both number 1 and number 2 and then mix these grades in order to sell at cut-under prices. The price of potatoes on any market is established by volume present on the market rather than by volume of the various grades.

The Neppco Meeting

Bristol County was represented at the Orono, Maine, meeting of the Northeastern Poultry Producers' Council by George L. Henault, North Easton; Howard Richards, Norton; Warren Arnold and Charles Fletcher, Rehoboth; Joseph Globus, Attleboro; Mr. and Mrs. Henry Jackson and nephew of Acushnet; Forrest R. Gil son, Taunton; Willis T. Pettey, Segreganset.

It was the largest gathering at any of the seven annual meetings which have been held, due partly to the fine weather, attractive program, and general better feeling in the poultry industry.

Marked interest was shown in the discussion on out of season brooding as a method of leveling off prices and maintaining a steadier market. The movement is rather wide spread in the East now, and many are enthusiastic over its operation.

Latest uses of electricity on the poultry farm was another topic of interest. Such details as flood lighting and alarm systems for protection from poultry thieves, electric brooding,, and wax picking with electrically controlled heating units developed a lot of attention.

A Maine poultryman described his success with wood burning brooder stoves in such a way that the topic was discussed quite freely afterwards among those poultrymen having a wood lot on the farm.

Interior egg quality with its causes and detection was shown to have been quite carefully studied recently at experiment stations by both college and feed manufacurers. Its seriousness has been realized more and more as the northeast has been trying to maintain and increase its output of quality eggs.

A Good Beginning

In Bristol County 589 farmers have filed "work sheets" in connection with the federal Soil Conservation program. This is, roughly, one-third of the farmers in the county who could take advantage of the provisions of the act. There is just as much sense in a farmer's refusing to avail himself of what advantages the soil conservation act offers as there is in a manufacturer refusing to take advantage of the tariff - no more. For this first year the record is closed, but for next, and the next, and the next, a work sheet filed now puts the farmer's program on record to his advantage.

So it is good sense for all who have not yet done so to file the work sheet at any time. Soil Conservation Agent Riley or Agricultural Agent Harris will assist you in this for the asking.

Winter Cover Crops Soil Conservation Practices

The Soil Conservation Practices as originally approved by the State Conservation Committee have been amended several times. The original five practices allowed for benefit payments for the following: top-dressing hayland with commercial fertilizer; putting in new seedings of grasses of which 40 per cent is legume seed; the seeding and plowing down of winter cover crops; the mulching of orchards and the planting of forest trees in pastures and cultivated land. To these practices there has been added the practice of applying lime and superphosphate singly or together in preparation of seeding down new meadows next year, and the fencing of livestock out of farm woodlots.

A great many farmers have availed themselves of the government aid in establishing new seedings of alfalfa and clover. In the northern part of j;he county several acres of alfalfa are being put in on many farms. Since it is late now for new alfalfa seedings many farmers who were not able to put in new stands of clover or alfalfa are applying lime in preparation for next year's seedings.

With the growing and harvesting season at an end with many crops consideration should be given the growing of winter cover crops. These crops may" be winter wheat, winter rye, barley or spring rye. The rate of seeding varies upon the seeding date. Early seeding of two bushels of seed to the acre is sufficient but October seedings should be at the rate of 2% to 3 bushels per acre. A good winter cover crop :

On land that is to be plowed late in March or early in April the growth of the cover crop should be made this fall. An application of 150 to 200 pounds of nitrate of soda to the acre will give the necessary growth for a good cover crop.

The Federal Government under the Soil Conservation Program will probably reimburse the farmer at the rate of $1.00 per acre for each acre of winter cover crops grown and plowed under next spring. It is vital that we improve and maintain the fertility of our farm lands.

Successful Dairying

(1) Having a business large enough to provide for efficient use of labor and of capital invested; (2) Having something besides milk to sell. This is more important on small than on large farms; (3) Accomplishing a relatively large amount of work per worker employed; (4) Maintaining a herd production 20 to 25 per cent better than the average; (5) Keeping good enough cows and using enough roughage so that the grain requirement for making 100 pounds of milk can be reduced 15 to 20 per cent below the average.

August, 1936

Total herds, 27; total cows on test, 885; number cows in milk, 790; cows dry, 95; average production per cow: 738 pounds milk, 28.8 pounds fat; average butterfat test, 3.9 per cent.

Successful Dairying

As in previous studies of this sort, wide variations in farm incomes were noted. Some were so low as to suggest that the farmers receiving them would have to go out of business, while others were sufficient to allow for retirement of mortgages, a good standard of living and considerable saving in the end. One of the purposes of this study was to determine the reason for these differences.

On the basis of this study, organizing the business of the small farm so as to return a satisfactory income seems to offer the greatest problem. These farms, as a general rule, are over-manned and one of their greatest weaknesses is that the labor accomplishment is way too low for real efficiency. A ten cow dairy herd, without any other source of income, is too small a unit under present economic conditions to return a real satisfactory income for a farmer with a family to support. However, much can be done to improve the income on many of these farms.

The first suggestion for improvement is to get along with less hired labor and give attention to ways of reducing the grain requirement per 100 pounds of

(Continued from Page 1) has co-operation as its watchword. In orderly marketing, disease control, management practices, and mutual helpfulness, all are interested in promoting the industry in the county along these lines. The September meeting will in all probability see the completion of organization work.

Any bumble foot in the flock? Have seen some cases this summer. You can tell it by the swollen condition between the toes and under the foot of the hen. It's easy to relieve. Cut open with a sterilized knife, squeeze out the pus, wash out with a good disinfectant, and put the bird in a clean coop. Repeat if necessary.

Culled the pullets yet? Slow growing (as compared to the majority of the rest of the same aged flock), cross bills, crow heads, badly off color, thin or pale birds should be disposed of.

Can you smell mites in the houses? Yes, I said "smell", for it can be done besides seeing them. Waste engine oil or carbolineum in the cracks and seams will do the job. An oil can of Black Leaf 40 squirted along the perch in a line before the birds go to roost will take care of lice if present on the bodies of hens.

Edwin "Popsy" Major called on some of his instructors over Labor Day week-end. He is working as assistant superintendent of the Lee Shore estate at East Port Chester, Connecticut. This estate is owned by W. C. Teagle, President of the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey. "Popsy" is planning to enter Columbia University to study landscape architecture this fall.

Norman LaBelle is working as foreman of the Rathborn Willard estate. North Scituate, Rhode Island. This is his second year there, and he is making a very fine record.

Harold Kay, '34, who has been working for the Fall River Milk Dealers' Association, is now working for H. P. Hood & Sons in the Fall River division. He is head of the Country Department. It is a pleasure to see these B. C. A. S. boys move ahead step by step.

Some of our boys have been having the thrill of broadcasting over the radio this summer. On May 30 Roland Ashley gave his contest speech, and on September 5 Vincent Foster, Raymond Harrison (Omar's brother) and Carlton Cobb with Mr. Philbrook put on a radio program over WBZ Farm and Home Hour. Judging from all reports, the boys did very well.

Public Speaking Contest

Roland Ashley, who won first place in the State Public Speaking Contest for Agricultural Students at Amherst last spring, will participate in the regional contest at the Eastern States Exposition in Springfield this month. This contest includes the State winners from all the eastern side of the United States. It will be held at the Old Church of the New England Village Thursday, September 24, at 2 P. M^ daylight saving time. If you are in Springfield at this time, try to hear Ashley. The winner of this contest goes to the National Public Speaking Contest in Kansas City in October.

Tennis, Horseshoe And Canoe Meet

If you play tennis, toss horseshoes or paddle a canoe, set aside the afternoon of September 18 and attend our annual meet at Bristol County Agricultural School.

Everyone Can Be An Actor

"Let's give a play! It is always easy enough up to that point, but sometimes that is just the beginning of many complications and lots of hard work for a few people.

Yet, with the help of some simple "tricks of the trade", giving a play is such an enjoyable and satisfying experience that many groups organize solely for that purpose. For these and for the many other groups who give at least one or more plays a year - and for those who would like to give plays if they would only get started - this course in Play Production is offered.

The course will be divided into four meetings, so spaced that members of the group can choose and cast a play and carry on rehearsals to try out the various suggestions on play production. One local cast will conduct its rehearsals as a laboratory demonstration for the group.

1. The human values in dramatics. We speak of "giving a play" - ^what can the play give to us who work with it? How does it repay for the time and energy put into it? Who receives the greatest benefit from a good play, well produced?

2. Organizing for a production. Successful presentation of a play needs as much team work as an athletic victory. Which members of the producing group are more important than the cast? What makes the best "division of labor" for giving a play? How many star performers are behind the scenes.

3. Selecting the play. The quality of the play chosen is the greatest single factor in determining its success. What are the earmarks of a good play? If the play is good, is it a good selection for our group? Several good plays will be discussed and will be on hand for examination. Sources of plays including the Play Lending Service will be considered.

1. Casting the play. What shall we look for in choosing the cast? How can we recognize good potential actors? What procedure shall we use for selecting the candidates?

2. Directing the play. The skill of its director is second only to the quality of the play in determining success. Interpreting the author, planning the action, business, character interpretations, tempo, climax - before the first rehearsal; conducting rehearsals effectively, directing the work of all committees, coaching the actors, giving a finesse to the performance - these are the director's responsibilities for which helpful suggestions will be offered.

1. The stage, scenery and lighting. Improving stage facilities with inexpensive and home-made equipment; the comparison of various types of stage sets; lighting effects with homemade devices will be discussed and illustrated with models.

2. A rehearsal of the demonstration cast will be held, with opportunity for the leaders to test and discuss various principles of directing and acting.

1. Costuming and make-up. What is the significance of costuming and make-up in a play? How can we attain the desired effects? Actual practice in making up various characters will be given.

2. A 'dress rehearsal' of the demonstration cast will illustrate principles of staging, lighting, properties, costuming and make-up as discussed.

Community Play Exchange The County Extension Service will assist in working out the schedule for an exchange circuit by which each of several neighboring communities may enjoy the plays produced in connection with is course." - Ruth Mclntire, Extension Specialist in Recreation.

We will specialize this year in oneact plays, and will welcome the enrolment of any group who would enjoy putting on a simple one-act play. Two or three members from the group will be privileged to attend the meetings which are to be conducted by Miss Mclntire. There will be a series of four all-day (10.30 A. M. to 3.30 P. M.) meetings held in each of the following centers - New Bedford, Norton and Segreganset - starting the week of September 28, 1936.

Preserving Grapes

Grapes rank high in popularity among the various fruits and berries used for jelly making. Grape Conserve and Grape Butter add variety and homemade Grape Juice adds a festive touch to any party.

1. Use 2 pounds of firm ripe grapes. (Over-ripe fruits give a syrupy jelly and under-ripe fruits give an inferior flavor.) Remove stems, green, and decayed fruits.

5. Return pulps to kettle with 1 quart of water, cover, and cook slowly for 10 minutes. Remove from fire and let stand 10 minutes or longer.

grapes may be used if apple jelly stock is added to grape stock measure for measure. In this case use an extra three-fourths pound of sugar after concentrating the mixture to 1% quarts.

Hillman Cash

Hillman Cash of North Rehoboth first belonged to the 4-H Club in 1923 when he joined the dairy project, choosing a fine Ayrshire calf to raise. He continued with this project and a little later took up the farm management project which had to do with keeping records of the home farm operations. In this project, with several other North Rehoboth young boys, Hillman continued a few years more keeping very good records.

In 1927 Hillman enlisted in the U. S. Army and after coming out of the Army in 1931, took unto himself a fine young wife by the name of Miss Aurrie Whitney, also of North Rehoboth, and also a 4-H club alumnus.

More recently Hillman has assisted with 4-H club work as a local leader and this past season has lead a very successful 4-H Garden Club in his community. He is also a very active member in the Rehoboth Community Association which organization is putting on such a successful Fair each year in Rehoboth under the leadership of D. Lee Johnson.

State Garden Exhibit

Bristol County 4-H Garden Club boys and girls did a good job at the State 4-H Garden Exhibit at Horticultural Hall, Boston, recently. Twentytwo members made 55 exhibits and won 37 prizes. Everyone of the 22 members won some prize.

The following is a list of those exhibiting and prizes they won: Joseph Sopata of Acushnet won a second, third and fifth; Fred Milos, also of Acushnet, won a second; Walton Fox of South Attleboro won a second; George Berry of South Dartmouth won a second; George Perry of North Dartmouth won a first, a fourth, a sixth, a seventh; Grace Pierce of North Dartmouth won a first and a fourth; George Mycock, Jr., of Assonet took a third place, and an eighth prize; Louis Bergeron of Freetown, won a first, a second, and a fourth; John Pel chat of Norton won fourth place with his collection of garden insects; George Paille also of Norton, won a third; Arthur Souza, John Rotsko, Manuel Travis, and Rocha Brothers, all of Somerset, won a second, and two thirds, a second, a sixth, and a second and fourth, respectively; Wilbur Starret of South Dartmouth got a first prize; Rolston Read, Jr., and his sister, Shirley, of South Rehoboth won a s3Cond each; Jair.cs

Lakin and Constantine Gregoreas of East Taunton won a fifth and sixth and an eighth, respectively, and Enos White and Arthur Silvia of Taunton won a first, a second and a fourth, respectively.

The Oak Hill Poultry Club of Briggs Corner, Attleboro, with their local leadof George Williams, is to take on September 24, the two day free trip to the Eastern States Exposition awarded to the best poultry club in the County each year.

This is a very much worth-while award for a Poultry Club to win and it is hoped that there will be a large number of clubs this year to compete for this trip.

Poultry Clubs start November first. However, it is not too early to plan for this by culling out the poor birds, separating the cockerels from the pullets and cleaning out and preparing the laying house.'

Junior Department At Rehoboth Fair

The Junior Department at the Rehoboth Fair was a distinct success this year, there being 117 different exhibitors and 225 exhibits including dairy animals, poultry, vegetables, iiowers, handicraft, conservation exhibits, clothing, canning and homecraft articles.

The exhibit of vegetables was especially large and the quality good. The dairy club exhibits were also of high quality, there being six registered animals out of a total of eleven exhibited. This 4-H dairy show was the first eyer held in the county and was very satisfactory, according to the management of the Fair.

Conservation - For all interested in the out of doors. Learning to identify trees, birds, flowers, insects, ferns. Making of outdoor fireplaces, building fires and cookouts.

Fall Projects

With fall approaching and schools opening, boys and girls are asking "When is our 4-H Club going to start?" You may start just as soon as you and your friends can get together with a leader. Some clubs are already under way. Perhaps you wish to carry on with the same project or you may like to try a new one. The following projects are to select from:

Home Furnishing - Improving your own room or some other room in the house by addition of attractive, well made accessories, renovating and rearranging furniture.

(Continued from Page 2) milk, probably by keeping better cows. Where little or no labor is hired but considerable family labor is available, ways of making a larger business by the addition of a supplementary enterprise should be considered.

Many medium sized dairy farms, that is 16 to 18 cow herds, without any supplementary enterprises, also need to increase their labor efficiency. This can be done by getting along with less hired help or by making a larger business, possibly by adding a supplementary enterprise. The large dairy farms, those with 30 cows or more, as a group, have a lesser labor efficiency problem, but the operators of many such farms need to focus attention on ways of making milk with less grain. This may mean improving pasture practices thereby lengthening the pasture feeding period.

(Continued from Page 2) Noticed quite a lot of cases of pullets erop-bound from eating long, tough grass, usually when changed in midsummer from one range to another where grass had been allowed to grow and was now tough. Better cut such a range before shifting the birds.

Some Feed Suggestions

With the number of pounds of feed that 100 pounds of milk will purchase getting smaller each week dairymen should look for one or two things. The fiist, an increase in the price of mill<. Such an increase should have come September first, but unsettled markets kept the price down. We certainly hope that the price of mUk will advance by November first and that the dealer may be given some of the advance.

The second thing that dairymen should consider is the lowerinj? of feed costs by substituting feeds. J. G. .Archibald and C. J. Fawcett of the State College make the following suggestions on feeds. Mr. Archibald states that the present cost of protein from fish meal as compared with that from other protein concentrates provides one such opportunity.

"Fish meal has been demonstrated to be a good source of protein and minerals for dairy cows when fed in amounts not exceeding fifteen per cent of the grain ration. Investigation of occasional complaints that it imparts a fishy flavor to milk or that cows refuse to eat it has shown that the trouble was due either to excessive feeding of the meal, to sudden changes of feed, or to an inferior product containing an excessive amount of oil or partially decomposed.

High grade fish meals suitable for feeding to livestock are now a common commercial article and there can be no reasonable excuse for confusing them with the "fish scrap" which is used in the fertilizer trade.

These ingredients are chosen with an eye to most economical values on the present market. Changes in the market may make it desirable to make certain substitutions in the formula."

Prof. C. J. Fawcett suggests that: "Another feed which may have to be used more extensively is molasses of feeding grade. This provides some of the 1 carbohydrate portion of the ration at a lower cost than that of hom- (Continued on Page 2, Column 1)

Natalie Ogosalek

Twelve years ago, in 1924, Natalie Ogosalek of Taunton, a pupil at the County Street School joined a 4-H Club. For two years she belonged to a Clothing club. In 1925 she joined a Canning club and continued for three years. One year she was also a Garden club member. In 1926 she became interested in Food clubs and was a member for four years. When Natalie was in High School she led Food and Canning clubs, three years each.

She is a Service Club member, but unfortunately is seldom able to attend the meetings as she is working in Norwood, which is in Norfolk County.

In 1927 Natalie attended Camp Field at Brockton Fair where she made and sold Oatmeal Cookies. She says she still uses that recipe whenever she makes them. In a Cake Contest sponsored by Burnett's Vanilla Company she was awarded second prize of a $20.00 scholarship.

Natalie was very fortunate in winning a trip to State Camp in 1929 for her food work. She was County Winner. In 1930 she was awarded State Winner in Canning and again went to State Camp. Natalie says, "I shall never forget the splendid times I've had at these camps. Those trips were certainly educational."

After graduating from High School she took a one year course at the School of Domestic Science, Y. W. C. A. in Boston. She claims 4-H Club Work was a great help to her there.

Upon graduating she worked at the Y. W. C. A. Camp at Martha's Vineyard during the summer as an assistant dietitian. They served about 125 each meal. For a while she worked at a Tea Room in Scituate.

Natalie is now working at the Verne Inn at Norwood where she has been for some time. She likes it very much. She plans her own menus, has charge of waitresses and does the pastry cooking. They serve an average of 100 meals a day.

Marketing Outlook

The forecasting with any degree of accuracy of the probable trend in egg prices and market poultry for the coming season is a difficult problem. Ordinarily our local prices where most of the poultry products go to nearby markets does not vary much from the usual seasonal ups and downs. But when climatic conditions change in the grain producing states with a resulting decrease in actual grain production we poultrymen in the county are bound to notice a difference in our costs of production. If then we take the time to analyze country wide conditions the information should tend to help in shaping our course in the poultry business from a local standpoint.

In a great part of the West, where our grain supply originates, the 1936 drought approached that of 1934. "The Agricultural Situation," a bulletin of the U. S. Bureau of Agricultural Economics, states in its September issue that "the egg and poultry markets will be greatly influenced by the effect which the drought actually has upon supplies during the coming fall and winter. As far as eggs are concerned, it means smaller supplies from the middle west. Although this liquidation has not been as severe as that of two years ago, packing plants in the middle west report a big increase over last year in their receipts of all classes of poultry."

The Extension Office has very recently been in direct contact with several county agents at various points in the grain and poultry sections of the midwest. Their statements are practically alike on conditions as - "a great many poultry raisers, as well as hog raisers, have j-educed their production due to the lack of feed." "In our own State we did not produce 25 per cent of the grain for our own requirements. Feed grain prices are over 100 per cent higher than they were a year ago." "Corn for grain was almost a complete failure in the county."

Undoubtedly grain will continue relatively high in price. Business conditions will have a lot to do with the consumers' ability to pay a fair price for poultry products. The mid-western (Continued on Page 2, Column 3)

September, 1936

Total herds, 26; total cows on test, 863; number cows in milk, 765; number cows dry, 98; average production per cow, 672 lbs. milk, 26.6 lbs. butterfat; average butterfat test, 3.96 per cent.

(Continued from Page 1, Column 1) iny or corn meal, where it can be obtained at from $25.00 to $30.00 a ton. Some authorities regard molasses as 80 per cent of the feeding value of corn. Besides its high sugar content, it adds palatability and makes low grade roughages of more value when added to water and poured over roughage. Prof. Fawcett has attempted to formulate a home mixture of grain which would show a saving. At present prices of ingredents it seems impossible to do this and show more than a saving of a dollar or two over good ready mixed goods. As a substitute the dairyman may change to a somewhat lower grade grain mixture provided his roughage is of good quality. If he purchases both hay and gi-ain it may be wiser to get good alfalfa or its equivalent and save a few dollars on grain. The value of milk still shows a favorable ratio to the cost of grain. Feed grains, however, due to short crops in the grain growing sections will no doubt continue at a fairly high level. The claim is often made that iodine is more available for livestock if provided in the organic form found in kelp or other forms of seaweed. Extensive trials do not seem to bear out this claim. The inorganic iodine furnished in potassium iodide or other compounds has been found fully as effective. There is some question as to whether Massachusetts dairy cows need additional iodine in any form."

Using Lime

The use of lime in the county has increased considerably during the last year. On many farms purchases of lime have amounted to 25 to 30 tons. This use of lime is encouraging since the soil in general in Bristol County needs lime and after lime has been applied better crops are grown. During the past year over 150 farms have been visited for the purpose of testing soil and about 600 samples of soil have been tested. About 75 per cent of all the tests made show that the soil needs three tons of lime applied to the acre to sweeten or neutralize it. It is suggested that when such heavy applications are needed to sweeten the soil that lime be applied at two different intervals to assure thorough mixing with the soil. Such applications should be put on before and after plowing.

In preparing land for seeding down either for clover or alfalfa a part of the lime application should be made the year previous to seeding down. This assures thorough mixing of soil.

The Extension Service will continue to test soils during the late fall and advise on the use of lime. A postal card mailed to the Extension Service will bring your County Agent to your farm for a soil test.

Annual Tennis, Horseshoe And Canoe Meet

The tennis match showed some brilliant playing. The summary: Singles - Ward dsfeatsd Peabody, 10-8, 6-8; Doubles - Peabody and Ward defeated Burroughs and Bishop, 6-0, 6-0. In the horseshoe contest, Trczlnski defeated Vincent in the singles; Szwaja and Trczinski defeated Vincent and Gi'assel in Ihe doubles.

The canoe contests were held on the Taunton River off the pier at the Berkley bridge. In the double races, Ward and Peabody defeated Medeiros and Senuick. In a close race from start to finish, Hadley and Adamczyk defeated Trczinski and Taber. Ward and Peabody covered the required distance in t'ne fastest time, 2 minutes 25 seconds, the'-eby taking first place in the event. The canoe tilting event was a highly entertaining one for the spectators. Ward and Peabody after being spilled two times in succession by their opponents, Hadley and Adamczyk, retaliated in the three next tries and won another first place.

Pullorum Testing Charge Regional Public Speaking Contest

From time to time throughout four years we have carried announcements of Roland Ashley's public speaking in the different contests. Last spring he won first place at Amherst in the State contest, which entitled him to speak at the regional contest for Eastern United States, where winners from twelve States spoke. This was held at the Eastern States Exposition in Springfield, September 24. It is gratifying to reporti that he won second place in this contest,, entitling him to a purse of $15.00 and a silver medal.

Red, White And Blue Reception

(Continued from Page 1, Column 3) egg and dressed poultry supply should be lower than normal after the fall clean up of fowl and flocks will probably be culled to the limit with a probable stiffening of eastern prices in those commodities.

Our poultrymen should lower the feed-egg price ratio by very careful and systematic culling once a month and oftener. Now, more than any other time all birds kept should be healthy, vigorous, full weight individuals of high production calibre.

Play Production Meetings

The first meetings of the Play Production Groups were held early this month. The discussion centered about three questions. Why do we put on plays? How should we organize for producing a play? How can we select a good play?

In discussing the first question Miss Mclntire suggested that when a play is produced as a means of earning money it is often true that so much attention is put on the money making angle that the quality of the play suffers and so defeats its own purpose. On the other hand when a group puts on a play just for the fun of it with their chief aim to do the very best piece of work they can, they frequently find that they have a good money-making proposition as well as the satisfaction and enjoyment that comes from work well done.

In listing the different people necessary in producing the play it was interesting and amusing to see that the actors were not mentioned until near the end of the list. A really good play is the result of careful organization and close co-operation among those connected with its production.

1. Is interesting - has a strong plot that builds up to a climax through real and (except in farce) possible situations. The theme is of merit.

2. Has a universal appeal based on deep-seated human emotions; presents real truths of life which appeal to and broaden human sympathy, whether by humor or pathos.

5^ Has dramatic value - the story is told by both lines and action. The good play opens confidently, progresses directly and smoothly, and has a strong ending.

Those attending the Play Production meetings are planning to study one-act plays. Each group will select their own play and have it ready for production by the end of November.

Play Lending Library

The plays in the attached list may be borrowed by any resident of Massachusetts from the Play Lending Library, Extension Service, of the Massachusetts State College, Amherst, Massachusetts, for the purpose of reading and selection only.

4. In ordering plays from the publisher, mention should be made of the aid received through the Massachusetts State College Play Lending Library.

7. A report as to which plays, if any, are chosen will be appreciated. A second group of plays may be requested with the return of the first collection, if necessary.

9. The Play Lending Library at present includes one-act plays for adults and for young people. Some are for mixed casts, some for all men or boys, and some for all women or girls.

Start Picture Study Early

It is always a problem to know what kind of pictures to select for a child. Mother Goose pictureg are likely to be considered first, but you will notice that children soon outgrow those. Grace B. Gerard, Home Furnishing Specialist at Massachusetts State College says that picture study should be started before a child is of school age and she offers the following suggestions for picture selection.