Mansfield Town (part 7 of 12)

No well managed poultry business is complete without a yearly inventory, a simple record of receipts and expenses, an egg production record, and an account of the number of birds removed by death or culling." Such a record supplies the information for spotting leaks in the business.

Second Annual Alumni Muster

If you were at the Alumni Muster, December 20, you will want to know who the fellows were who were there or if you were not there you will want to know how many of your class were present.

We shall do better every succeeding year - so let's keep this one annual date, the last Friday evening before Christmas, for the Annual Alumni Muster at B. C. A. S.

Adolescent Study Groups

One of the reasons for a lack of understanding between parents and their adolescent boys and girls is because the parents interpret things according to their memories of their own growingup years. The world has changed tremendously in the last fifteen or twenty years, and in addition, any memories of our adolescent years that we have are unavoidably colored by our later experiences.

2. There is no more telling factor for the boy's or girl's long future than the habit of making and holding helpful friendships - a habit largely to be formed at this age.

, 3. Sex development comes into its own, often presenting the most difficult of social problems for the youngster, let us not forget, as well as for the parents.

5. The age of conflicts! Shall our youngsters be left just to "muddle through" the confusion and bewilderment of this period or shall they find in parents the helpful friend and guide they so sorely need?

Parents, teachers, scout leaders and others who work and play with growing boys and girls find it interesting and valuable to enrich their experience by studying the problems of adolescence.

Mrs. Ruth D. Morley, Specialist in Child Development from the State College in Amherst, will conduct a series of meetings on "Understanding the Adolescent" throughout Bristol County. The first of these will be held early in February and enrolments for membership are now being received.

County Extension office to start the new year. Each one by the end of 1936 hopes to hold the complete record of the family income and expenditures.

Of all good New Year's resolutions one of the hardest to hold, as the writer knows full well, is that of keeping accurate financial records.

A pencil and note book in the purse, a habit of asking for and saving sales slips, both help to make it easier to remember. However, there will come that inevitable day or week when the notes or the slips are forgotten and lost. That is the time when one must grit her teeth and hang on to that resolution with all her might.

What harm if the record of a few days oi; even a week or more is lost? If you have paid a large or important bill during that time it is quite certain you won't have forgotten it.

A record of the larger items of shelter, food, clothing, etc., is valuable and interesting. If the amount of unaccounted for expenditures appears unduly large it is safe to wager that your curiosity about this will help you to remember to jot down more detail in the future. The habit of recording expenditures is not too difficult to acquire.

As for those who meant to start account keeping but didn't quite get around to it, may we suggest that the first of any month is an excellent time to start a new record. A prosperous New Year to all!

Many parents and teachers have been concerned for some time because so many children are forced to eat cold lunches. So many requests for help with this problem have come to our office during the past year we are particularly happy to announce that through the State Extension Service in Amherst we have been able to secure the services of a trained nutritionist to study with local persons concerned, the school lunch problem in Bristol County. The purpose is to learn, if possible, how satisfactory arrangements can be made whereby a hot dish may be available at noon.

Miss Goldthorpe will be in Bristol County during the week of February 17. Further information may be obtained through the Bristol County Extension Service at Segreganset. Please write if we can help you.

The reports of meetings which have been held to date are most encouraging. One group member said, "We are just getting really interested. I wish the meetings might continue."

Why should one stop studying Food Buying, and could any housewife, if she would, as long as feeding her family remained part of her daily duties. Reading labels, analyzing advertisements more carefully, studying news reports of legislation affecting food and buying economically are all part of the homemaker's job of being an intelligent buyer.

Remembering that price is no indication of nutritive value, the wise homemaker learns to know what foods will give her family the greatest amount of food value for the least cost. She will also teach the members of her family to overcome any food prejudices they may have and to appreciate the value of the protective foods such as milk, vegetables and vjfhole grain products.

Candlewax Spots Easy To Remove

Christmas candles give a cheerful light, but they can make troublesome spots on the "Sunday-best" tablecloth, says Mrs. Esther Cooley Page, extension specialist in home economics at Massachusetts State College. Fortunately, removal of wax spots is not a difficult job when done in the right way.

The first step, she says, is to scrape or rub off as much of the wax as possible. A paper knife with a dull edge or a spoon is a good scraper and will not injure the cloth. A good deal of tho wax will come off if the cloth is merely rubbed between the hands.

The remaining wax is next melted with a warm iron. The cloth is placed upside down on a piece of clean white blotting paper and the iron applied over the spot. The blotting paper is moved along to a new position and the cloth pressed until no more wax appears on the blotter.

Even then a gi-easy spot is likely to remain in the cloth, Mrs. Page says. This spot should be sponged with a grease solvent such as carbon tetrachloride. Best results are obtained by working from the outside edge of the spot in toward the center.

If these three steps should fail to remove an especially troublesome spot, a little lard will probably get the balance of the wax, she says. The lard in turn is sponged off with the grease solvent.

Mrs. Carrie Clapp Bristol

In 1919 Carrie Clapp of Norton joined the 4-H Club. She belonged at various times to the food, clothing and canning clubs led by Mrs. George H. Fuller of Norton. She was president of the club twice and secretary twice. In 1921 Carrie was County Canning Club Champion, which meant a trip to Camp Gilbert. Two years later she was the delegate from Bristol County to the Eastern States Exposition. Here she met a young man who later became her husband. Carrie was chosen County Clothing Club Champion in 1924 and again went to Camp Gilbert.

During her club work Carrie gave several public demonstrations. This gave her confidence in herself when she met the public. In 1925 she entered the Sewing Machine Contest at Brockton Fair where she demonstrated the making of an apron. How happy and proud she was when she received her electric sewing machine! She has used it a great deal, she says, in her home making articles for herself, her home, and her little boy.

Carrie was a local 4-H club leader for two years. She also assisted on several occasions in carrying out programs at Field Days and Rallies. In 1925 she was president of the Bristol County 4-H Service Club. Later this club was dropped for a few years.

A new 4-H Service Club was organized in 1931. Carrie and her husband joined soon after the organization of the club. Anyone over twenty-one who was interested, could belong if the committee thought it advisable. It was decided that Ralph had an interest in club work as he chose a former 4-H club member for his wife.

When the Farley 4-H Club House was built, the Bristol County 4-H Service Club wished to send a gift. Among other things were twenty-five dish towels which Carrie stitched on the sewing machine she had won.

In 1934 Clara Ashley, the Secretary- Treasurer, of the 4-H Service Club was unable to attend County Camp and take care of the finances. The Service Club sponsors the Camp and therefore each year is represented by someone to act as Treasurer. Carrie went in Clara's place and very ably did the work.

The medal is to be awarded to Raymond at the Union Agricultural Meetings Banquet in Hotel Bancroft, Worcester, Thursday, January 9, for outstanding State wide 4-H accomplishment.

Brief Report Of Club Work For 1935

There were 1302 enrolments and 108 organized clubs with 86 leaders, 42 of which were junior leaders, that is, they were twenty-one years of age or younger.

The Bristol County 4-H Service Club which is very active and helpful in the 4-H work in the county, furnished a large proportion of these junior and many of the adult leaders.

Clubs were organized in every town and city in Bristol County last year. Two hundred and sixty-seven club members had been in club work over two years. This is a record of which most other counties cannot boast.

The Bristol County 4-H Club Camp, which is a most important factor in the Junior Extension program, has grovm in attendance from thirty-four to eighty-seven this last year. The camp program has also improved.

To Receive State Medal

Raymond Harrington of North Dartmouth, a club member and local leader of long standing and many honors, has still another honor coming to him ir

Eight poultry clubs in the county are underway this year. There is one in Attleboro at Briggs Corner with Mr. George Williams, leader; one in Berkley with Mr. Warren I. Ide, leader; two in Dartmouth with Raymond Harrington and Ralph Doran, Jr., leaders; one in Rehoboth with Ernest Ortelt, leader; one in East Taunton with Emanuel Cabral, leader; two in Westport with Harvey Smith and Mr. Russell Wood, leaders.

The three ribbons went to the following members: first, Ralph and Leonard Doran of North Dartmouth, with an average egg yield of 18.3; Everett Bauer of Attleboro received second ribbon with an average of 17.3 eggs per bird, and Manuel Ramos of North Dartmouth was third with an average yield of 15.4 eggs per hen. The next ten members in order are as follows: Lawrence Bliss, Attleboro; Raymond Harrington and ' Alphonso Strachocki, North Dartmouth; Walter Black, Taunton; Carlton Southworth and Stella Mitzan, North Dartmouth; David Briggs and George Remillard, Attleboro; William A. Potter, Taunton; and Jessie Oliveira, North Dartmouth.

The Greenwood and Factory Clubs of Westport and the Perry Club of North Rehoboth, did not report last month because the clubs were not organized at the beginning of the contest. Next month we hope to have ten clubs reporting.

A poultry judging team made up of Alphonso Strachocki, North Dartmouth, David Briggs and Everett Bauer of Attleboro, represented Bristol County at the recent Boston Poultry Show and for their first attempt did especially well. Alphonso made the best individual showing of the three although there wasn't a great difference among all three.

The Annual County Handicraft Contest is to be held this year on Wednesday afternoon, April 29, in the Manual Training Department of the Taunton High School. There will be the usual awards of ribbons and individual prizes as well as a silver cup to the winning club.

Handicraft club leaders and members should begin now to work toward this event which is the most important one of the year in this project. The winner in this contest is a likely County Champion and the County Champion gets a free trip to the County Club Camp in June. More detailed information will be sent out later about this event.

The new conservation or nature club is proving very popular this year. It is a very interesting project and both boys and girls enjoy the work. Several clubs have already taken hikes and one or two have had cook-outs.

The following clubs are carrying the project: Long Plain School and Marie S. Howard School, Acushnet; the Berkley School; the Hixville School, Dartmouth; the Maple Leaf Club of West Dighton; the South School and the Wilbur School of Somerset, and the Buelah Road School in Westport.

Poultry Problems

(Continued from Page 2, Column 2) at the County Extension Office, Segreganset, Mass., or from the Poultry Extension Specialist at various meetings or visits around the county.

Dairy Study Groups

A series of dairy meetings are being conducted by the Extension Service in Attleboro during the winter months. Those attending the first meeting in January chose the topics to be discussed at other meetings. These meetings are held every other Thursday in the afternoon in the Chamber of Commerce Hall. Three more meetings are scheduled as follows: February 12, "Soil," Ralph Donaldson, speaker; February 27, "Herd Management Problems," R. C. Foley, speaker; March 12, "Future of Milk Control," E. W. Bell, speaker. These meetings are open to all that would care to attend.

In conjunction with the Agricultural Instructors, Charles F. Oliver, Dartmouth High School, and Karl Erickson, Westport High School and the County Agents are assisting with study groups of boys ranging in age from 16 to 25 years in those areas.

Faneuil Hall Market

Market gardeners selling produce on the street in the Faneuil Hall area in Boston this coming summer will find that the space available for farmers is much less than previous years. A W. P. A. project to repair and rebuild the Quincy Market is now under way. Tempoi-ary quarters for those occupying Quincy Market have been made available in North and South Market Streets. This reduces the space in these two streets that is available to farmers. We are told that other streets will be opened for street selling but at what convenience to the gardener is, as yet, undetermined.

The Rgional Market at West Cambrid9:e is available for all who sell produce. The ease of getting to this market, the space available for trucks on the market, and the fact that it is an evening market, make it worthwhile for everv market gardener selling produce in Boston to consider selling his vegetables on this market.

Beekeepers' Meet Borrowing Money

No one likes to borrow money, but it is often better business to buy at the lowest cash price instead of using the dealer as a banker and paying the long price. The National Farm Loan Associations and Production Credit Associations loan money at reasonable interest rates with repayments arranged to be convenient to the borrower.

An Appeal

We are all deeply concerned with the we^.fare of our fami'ies. If the little girl has th2 croup or the boy a sore finger, mother immediately takes the necessary steps to get her children well again. If father finds one of his dairy cows with indigestion or a hen with a co'd he does not pass them by but goes out of his way to correct the troubles. Any way you look at it when sickness visits us our efficiency is impaired, our work suifers, and we soon lose out. Sound health is necessary for our continuing in the game of life.

By the same token the dairy cow with a yearly production of under five thousand pounds of milk or the hen with a hundred e.z% production record, neither are doing their part in the game of economics. What does the retail grocery manager do when any brand of food products does not sell? That particular brand goes out and another that does sell readily takes its place. A style of shoe that no one wants does not make much money for the manufacturer and hence is discarded for another that the public likes and will buy.

And that brings up the problem of the fruit tree. Anyone who travels over thf- rural, - yes even through the urban sec'iins of the county cannot fail to notice the very great number of half d ad, d'seascd, uncared-for fruit tiees still in existence. Here, one stands a few fert from the house, its unpruned and dyin- I'mbs reaching thirty to forty feot in the air, gaping holes in the trunk wh-re former limbs had broken off and very po~sibly scattered dead

Directory Of Farming

A complete directory of farmers throughout the United States is being prepared by the federal government through the County Agricultural Extension Services. The work in Bristol County is being done by Mr. Vincent Riley of Somerset, and the facts assembled and classified at the office of the Bristol County Agricultural School.

A New Chick Disease

Last spring a few cases of "Epidemic Tremor of Chickens" was noted in the county. Commonly called "Trembling Chick Disease," it has shown up in scattered flocks and seems to be irregular in appearance, chicks from the same flock developing without traces of the disease, then a hateh coming on with a large percentage showing distinct evidences of the disorder.

The Veterinary Science Department of the Massachusetts State College has spent considerable time in working out the history and control of these new diseases. Dr. Jones of Harvard Medical School has been especially active in "Epid mic Ti emo s." According to their reports last year the cause of the disease has been attributed to be a virus but this has not been thoroughly proven.

Briefly, the disease shows up in chicks from one to five weeks of age with these weeks being the age when most chicks seem to show evidences of these troubles. A distinct trembling is noticed in the head and neck, more marked when the birds are disturbed. They seem to lose control over their legs and frequently stumble when in motion, falling ahead of themselves. Chicks soon grow weaker, being unable to make the feed trough or water pan, and soon in two or three days are so weak that further self feeding is impossible. Death occurs shortly and those near death are observed lying on their sides, attemptin? feebly to regain their feet.

Unfortunately no control or remedy t'lat seems proven has been discovered. Pome reports from poultrymen say that a change in feed has helped. However, th's does not seem to be the answer as the suggested rem-dy has not always

As the year ends for the Bristol-Plymouth Herd Improvement Association, an outstanding cow has been found. This cow is "Dutchess Pontiac Korndyke Lyons," a pure bred Holstein, owned by Mr. Ivory W. Kimball of Rehoboth. Besides being the leading cow in the association this year she has to her credit a total of 105,751 pounds milk and 3,964 pounds fat made in eight and one-third years of Dairy Herd Improvement Association testing and is

On December 3, 1935 Jordan Atwood, Supervisor of Bristol-Plymouth Herd Improvement Association, concluded six years of work with the Association as supervisor. While we hesitated to let Mr. Atwood leave the Association we know he has need to remain home on his own farm at Wells River, Vt. Ernest A. Goff of Rehoboth was elected supervisor of the Association by the directors and has been working one month.

(Continued from Page 1, Column 2) limbs lying on the ground undisturbed after the last wind storm. There we pass a small orchard of similar trees, the ground under them beginning to sprout up with birches and junipers, the whole block surrounded 'by a fence of tangled brush. Neglected? Unwanted? Yes, a menace to every orchard and fruit tree that is receiving decent care in order that the owner may get a living from them or at least some sound fruit for the family use.

Neglected trees are of no value to the owner because the fruit they bear, if any, is usually not salable or even usable. Uncontrolled insects and diseases take care of that. Another very important fact is that frequently the yield from trees in this condition is exceptionally low so that no profit is possible. Many times the variety of fruit borne is unknown in the market and is either not wanted there or if sold returns a very low price to the grower. For two years State funds have been used in the county in an attempt to get rid of insect and disease infested trees with some attention being paid to the neglected trees. However, the job is by no means done. Is it not possible for those who are interested in fruit growing to grasp the bull by the horns or hitch up our trousers or by any saying you like, and do the job ourselves? Is there any reason why each one of us cannot do our part on our own farm? Go out and look around, examine every tree, and if it is old, decayed badly, weakened, filled with dead limbs, and of a poor variety so far as sale is concerned, let's cut it down at once. Work it into fire wood, stack to dry and later on when it is crackling merrily in the fireplace, contemplate the flames with an inner satisfaction of a job well done.

Glee Club Night

The evening of March 12 is another important date at B. C. A. S. The annual Father and Son Banquet will be held at seven o'clock sharp at the Dining Hall. This event is growing year by year and is one of the most enjoyable functions of the season.

You should see our basketball team click this year! Under Mr. Tufts' enthusiastic leadership their game goes over from start to finish with a precision throughout never before equalled by a B. C. A. S. quintet.

If you haven't seen it you've missed something. Better get in line for a game or two. In the four hard games ahead the varsity team will combine rhythm, accuracy, and speed in an offensive play that will make their opponents "Step on it!" Ashley and Saucier have been causing the opposing teams plenty of trouble. See Bristol play at Dightoij, February 11; at Dartmouth, February 14; at Norfolk Aggie, Walpole, February 21, and at Essex Aggie, Hathorne, February 28.

Malcolm Brownell, U. S. Naval Training Station, Newport, R. I. You're in the navy now. What an agricultural training has to do with the high seas is hard to determine.

Roland Blais, Seekonk, Mass. Roland has gone back to the home farm, raising hogs and dairy cattle. Usually these home farms take on a new appearance when the boys go back.

Leonard Briggs, 6 Railroad Avenue, Taunton. He is working with his brother in tree surgery and landscape gardening, helping to make the town a better place in which to live.

Gerald DeCosta, Elm Street, Berkley, Mass. Gerald and his folks have bought a place in Berkley, where they have moved. It seems that B. C. A. S. has a power over Gerald because he is still working for Mr. Hawkes on the Field Crops Division.

A record of family income and expenditure is always interesting and helpful, the day by day recording of the detail of the various sums spent is monotonous and easily overlooked in the rush of daily affairs.

Like the diaries most of us tried to keep when we were children, after a lapse of two or three days we find we have forgotten the detail, and in our discouragement over the impossibility of catching up the missing information we discard the entire project. In keeping home accounts the recording of major expenditures for food, clothing, and household expense is after all the most important factor.

A good plan is to record detail which it is possible to get, but not to become too discouraged over that which is lost. It becomes easier to remember detail as the habit is acquired and the finished record will be most valuable.

Community Meals

Four meetings were conducted by Miss May E. Foley, Extension Nutritionist, during January for the benefit of those who are interested in helping with Church or Grange suppers or other types of community meals.

Sixty women from twenty-four different communities attended these meetings. All of these were women who are active workers in one or more different organizations and their questions reflected their practical experience. The group members told each other of different plans which they had found helpful in arranging original and popular dinners or suppers.

The following menu was served: Veal birds, browned potatoes, diced turnip, cabbage salad, graham rolls and maple nut pudding at a cost of twentyfive cents per person.

Bulletins prepared by Miss Foley with recipes and suggestions for calculating amounts necessary to feed large groups of persons were distributed. Copies of the bulletin on "Community Meals" may be obtained by addressing the Bristol County Extension Service, Segreganset, Mass.

Adolescent Study Groups

By the time this article goes to print the first meetings of our adolescent study groups will have been held. The announcement of this course has met with enthusiastic respons.

classes for training leaders of study groups in Mansfield, Segreganset, Taunton and New Bedford. Study groups are enrolled from practically every city and town in Bristol County.

The subject under discussion at this first meeting was the physical growth during adolescent years. Your child changes before your eyes and with breath-taking rapidity and although no two children develop in exactly the same way there are certain experiences that are characteristic of this period.

If you wish to be enrolled, watch your local papers for announcements of study group meetings. These are open to the public. Or you may write to Blanche W. Eames, Home Demonstration Agent, Segreganset, Mass.

Libraries Co-Operate

Through the co-operation of the Division of Public Libraries of the State Department of Education, a lending library of about two dozen or so books dealing with the subject of Adolescence has been made available for members of our Bristol County Study Groups.

The public libraries in Attleboro, Fall River, Fairhaven, New Bedford, North Attleboro and North Easton have collected together the books they have which are of interest to those studying the Adolescent period. These are being displayed together on a special shelf so that it will be easy for our study group members to find the books they wish.

Following are a few of the books which Mrs. Morley has recommended. These will be available in the collection from the State Division and most of them will also be available through the local libraries mentioned.

"Younger Generation," Benson; "New Girls for Old," Blanchard and Manasses; "Wholesome Personality," Burnham; "The Gang Age," Furfey; "Parents and Children," Groves and Groves; "Wholesome Parenthood," Groves and Groves; "High School Age," King; "Larry;" "Revolt of Modern Youth," Lindsay; "Log Cabin Lady," Anonymous; "Adolescent Boy," Richmond; "Adolescent Girl," Richmond; "Piloting Modern Youth," Sadler and Sadler; "Adolescent, His Conflicts and Escapes," Schwab and Veeder; "Growing into Life," Seabury; "Challenge to Youth," Stearns; "Normal Youth and its Everyday Problems," Thom; "The Gang," Thrasher; "Youth in Conflict," Van Waters; "Adolescence," Williams.

"For safety's sake," she says, "let the children wear vivid colors - scarlets, bright blues, grass green, orange, or yellow. The automobile accident record is proof enough that wherever they are children need all the protection that mothers can give them."

If it's out of the question to supply a new coat, a bright scarf, cap, and mittens to match will help. The dye-pot also can be used to good effect. A mimeographed leaflet by Mrs. Page is now available free to residents of Massachusetts and contains full directions for changing drab clothes to bright ones. It can be obtained by writing to the Mailing Room at Massachusetts State College, Amherst, Mass.

Children Safer In Vivid Colors

Raymond Johnson, 190 West Center Street. West Bridgewater, Mass. Owing to the ground freezing up, Raymond hasn't been able to do any market gardening this winter.

Walter Laycock, 95 Robinson Road, Acushnet, Mass. Walter has been working at the A. P. R. Gilmore estate doing general farming and orcharding.

Mitchell Plonka, 138 Taft Street, Pottersville, Mass. Mitchell was foreman over ten men, supervising the Somerset W. P. A. gardens this last summer.

Eugene Pelletier, 65 Barre Street, Fall River, Mass. He has been employed as dairyman on the George Mitten Estate. He has charge of twenty pure bred Guernsey cattle producing Grade A milk.

Philip Therrien, Old County Road, East Freetown, Mass. Philip is trap nesting 1000 R. I. Red hens and selling chicks through the "New England Chick Service." He has built up his own plant with about 2000 layers since he entered B. C. A. S. four years ago last fall.

Thomas Wilcock, Massachusetts State College, Amherst, Mass. Tom entered M. S. C. last fall, beginning a fouryear course in Vocational Agriculture.

Anthony Thatcher

Anthony Thatcher of Rehoboth joined the Potato Club in 1920 and won a County Championship in this project, which at that time entitled a 4-H club member to a week's trip to Camp Gilbert, Amherst. The summer of 1921, Anthony went with seven others from this county on t"his never-to-be-forgotten week's trip to Amherst.

Although he did not remain in club club work very long in those early club days in this county, his connection of the last few years with the County Service Club has been very materially felt. For the past two years he has been President of the Service Club and a very fine one indeed. His ability and leadership as well as his whole-heartedness in assisting with any work the club has undertaken has been outstanding. He was a fine example to the presidents who will follow him.

Anthony attended the Rhode Island State College at Kingston, where he graduated in 1929. His business training was primarily procured at this institution and at the present time he has a responsible position as cost account- . ant with the Acme Finishing Company of Pawtucket, Rhode Island.

During boyhood days he was of great help to his father on the farm which was run on a very prosperous and business-like basis. After he graduated from college, work was scarce so he turned carpenter for a few years, helping his folks build a house.

It should be mentioned in this connection that Mrs. Thatcher, Anthony's mother, had also been very co-operative with the 4-H work in the county and also with the Home Demonstration Agent's program.

Conservation Club Notes

Conservation Clubs, or, as we have termed them in this county, "Nature Clubs", are quite popular with us. There are nine organized clubs with a total enrolment of over 150 boys and girls. The clubs are in North Attleboro, Dighton, Somerset, Westport, Acushnet and Berkley. The following subjects are covered: The study of birds, trees, wild animals, wild flowers, forest fire protection, fishes, frogs and ferns.

Three of the clubs have already had hikes and cook-outs. At this time they are shown the proper ways to make fires for outdoor cooking, what precaution to take in making same, putting fires out, and many other interesting and helpful hints. The main purpose of the club is to teach young people to save and conserve our natural resources. It is something that should be

Our Goal Is Health

You, as a 4-H club member, are challenged to protect your smile. Do you accept this challenge? Here are three suggestions to help you have a winning smile.

Eat foods which build good teeth, some of which are milk, whole grain cereals, eggs, cheese, fruits and vegetables, especially green and raw ones, meat and fish.

Give your teeth and gums good daily care. An excellent homemade tooth powder can be made of one-third salt, onethird baking soda, one-third borax. It is inexpensive, refreshing, and does a good job of cleaning.

Visiting your dentist twice a year is an important step. Dental cards may be obtained from the Bristol County Extension Office, Segreganset. There are many dentists co-operating and if you present these cards the dentist will examine your teeth and give you a record of work needing to be done, or, better still, perhaps, a record of teeth in perfect condition.

Helping Hearts And Hands

Many clubs have done such fine work in community service that they should be mentioned. At Christmas time the food clubs at Faunce Corner, Dartmouth, led by Miss Anna Russell and Virginia Merry, joined together in giving a basket of food to a neighboring family.

The Young Homemakers Club of Acushnet led by Nellie Kut made stuffed toys and took them to the children at the Sol-E-Mar Hospital. They also gave an entertainment for the children.

The Home Furnishing Club of New Bedford led by Miss Harriet Beattie made scrapbooks for the Sol-E-Mar Hospital. The scrapbooks were made on wrapping paper and pictures pasted in. Several pages were left blank so the children could draw or paste pictures in.

The results of the Individual 4-H Club Egg Laying Contest for December is as follows: First - Ralph and Leonard Doran, North Dartmouth, with an average egg yield of 22.2 eggs per bird: second - Carlton Southworth, North Dartmouth, with an average of 18.45 eggs per bird; Third - George

Hyde of Berkley with an average yield of 18.42 eggs per bird. The next ten were Stella Mitzan, North Dartmouth; Richard Hyde, and John Hyde, Berkley; Bernard and Theodore Paquette, North Dartmouth; Alfred Brown, North Westport; Alphons Strachocki, North Dartmouth; and Lawrence Bliss, Attleboro. The standing by clubs, is as follows: First - Briggs Corner Club, Attleboro. Second - Faunce Corner Club, North

Dartmouth. Third - Full-0-Pep Club, North Dartmouth. Fourth - Berkley Common Club, Berkley. Fifth - Greenwood Club, North Westport. Sixth - Gidley Club, North Dartmouth. Seventh - Caswell Club, East Taunton. It is expected that two other clubs will be added to the list next month, one in Westport at the Factory School and one in Rehoboth.

Keep the henhouses clean, free from draughts, clean litter on the floor, clean water before them all the time, not frozen, also, dry egg mash, grit and shells and a partial open front. These things ought to help much to keep hens well and get eggs. Of course fairly early hatched chicks from a good laying strain are also needed with all this to get the very best results.

Poultry Round-Up Day

The second annual 4-H Poultry Round Up Day will be held at the Bristol County Agricultural School, Segreganset, on Saturday, March 7, at 10.30 A. M.

The program will include talking movies, egg exhibit contests and interesting speakers. Watch the papers for additional news in regard to this event. Also letters of the program, etc., will be sent to the local leaders or secretaries of the clubs. Be sure to come if interested in Poultry!

Sectional Rallies

Something new for 4-H club members in Bristol County is the Sectional Rally. Four rallies are to be held Saturday mornings in March and April in the following towns: Taunton, Dartmouth, Acushnet and Easton. "Music Appreciation" and "How to Conduct a Business Meeting," are two topics to be taken up at these meetings. Of course we shall have some fun also. For further information watch your local newspaper or ask your local leader.

A New Chick Disease

(Continued from Page 1, Column 3) worked. It calls for much more investigation and the help of all producers who are having or have had any trouble of this kind with their chicks, in order to get all information possible about the disease.

Improvement

The Bristol County farmer can look forward to holding his own during 1936 and possibly conditions will be a bit better than in 1935. The 1936 Farm Outlook issued by the Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm Management of the State College indicates that most factors affecting the well-being of the farmer are on the upgrade. They cite the factors of a higher price level, greater industrial production in non-durable goods; such as textiles, foods, gasoline, and rubber ; greater production in durable goods such as rails, machinery, building supplies, increased car loadings, factory employment, and factory payrolls and probable credit ex pansion.

The local dairy farmer is in a situation of betwixt and between. While the number of dairy cows and heifers in the United States are decreasing and this fact automatically increases the price of dairy cows in Bristol County where the farmers purchase 85 per cent of their replacement. The consumption of fluid milk seems to be increasing but any slackening of industrial activity in our cities will be reflected in the demand for local milk. Supplies of concentrates, feeds, and hays are adequate and the price of these feeds probably will not increase. The local farmer selling milk on a base rating plan must expect lower prices for surplus or Class II milk since favorable feed prices and normal pasture will, considering the country as a whole, increase milk production per cow, and cause increase butter pioduction. The net return to the dairy farmer is apt to be limited because of increased costs which he must stand as the general price level rises.

Waltham Field Station Continues Seed Improvement

Nineteen years ago the College Field, Station began the improvement of the variety of carrot which is known as the "Hutchinson". This name has been retained in recognition of Amos Hutchinson of Essex County whose strain of Danvers Half Long possessed characters

A study of consumer purchases will soon begin in Plymouth, Bristol and Norfolk Counties, conducted by the Bureau of Home Economics of the U. S. Department of Agriculture.

This local survey is part of a nationwide study of what consumers buy. Such information is necessary as a basis for measuring changes in the cost of living from one period to another. Typical families over all the United States will be asked to contribute information for this study, and the results from different sections of the country and different population groups will be analyzed and compared. The Bureau of Home Economics is gathering information from families on farms, in villlages and in small cities. The Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U. S. Department of Labor is making the same kind of a study in the larger cities. The survey as a whole is being carried on for the Works Progress Administration. To Be Confidential

The families to be visited in each community will be chosen at random, and the information they furnish will be kept strictly confidential so that no names will appear and no family can be identified when the final results come out of the tabulating machines in a few months.

It has come to the attention of the Extension Office that there are some poultrymen in the county who have not received a copy of the Poultryman's handbook "Who's Who", recently issued by the Massachusetts Federation of Poultry Associations. A postal card to the Poultry Extension Specialist at Sf'greganset will be sufficient to receive the handbook.

superior to the original. But even though Mr. Hutchinson's strain was a better cropper than the old Danvers, there was a distinct lack of uniformity in the roots. Also, there was always a very limited stock of seed obtainable. In 1917, Mr. H. F. Thompson, then head (Continued on Page 2, Column 1)

Walter E. Tripp of Acushnet, president, and Geneva Tripp of Acushnet, secretary of the Acushnet National farm loan association, represented it at a conference of officers of 168 such organizations at the Federal Land Bank, Springfield, Mass., on February 18 and 19. They report that the demand for farm mortgage loans through the entire Northeast has decreased materially during the past year, and that the farm credit situation has shown marked improvement.

The local association was formed aa a farm mortgage agency to finance longterm loans through the Land Bank. It operates on a co-operative basis with local officers and directors and makes loans in Bristol, Plymouth, Dukes and Nantucket counties.

"Established in 1917, the Federal Land Bank made new loans in 1935 amounting to about $7,000,000 to farmers in New England, New York, and New Jersey. Special Commissioner loans mostly on second mortgages amounted to about $8,000,000. This made a total of about $15,000,000 of farm mortgage loans for the entire year just passed as compared with more than $36,000,000 extended in 1934. Prior to 1934, the average volume of new farm mortgage loans for the entire eight Northeastern states had been about $3,500,000 a year," it was stated.

"The Federal Land Bank and the local farm loan associations are able, even on the heels of our worst depression, to obtain money from the investing public so that they can lend it at the all-, time low rate of 4 per cent. This money comes from the sale of farm mortgage bonds that are backed by the farms on which loans are made. The public is buying the bonds at an interest rate of only 3 per cent permitting the system to offer long-term mortgages at a fixed rate of 4 per cent for the entire term of 20 or 33 years for which they run."

E. H. Thomson, president of the Land Bank, stated that repayments on loans outstanding have improved over last year. He paid special tribute to farmers of the Northeast for "having done their

Association

Total number herds, 26; total number cows, 834; number cows dry, 132; average pounds milk, 651; average pounds fat, 27.4; average test 4.21 per cent.

Waltham Field Station

(Continued from Page 1, Column 2) of the Department of Vegetable Gardening at the Massachusetts State College, conceived the idea of breeding out the undesirable features, and ten bushels of Hutchinson carrots were carefully graded out from a crop of 900 on the farm of D. J. Connors in the town of Danvers. These were brought to the Field Station. Each year thereafter rigid selection has been followed to further improve the carrot, and these endeavors have finally resulted in a very high yielding strain of rich color, uniform in shape and of excellent quality. In this State it has become not only the chief sort for fall but is gi-own extensively for bunching as well.

The Waltham Beauty Pepper has been developed to fill the need for a thick meated brilliant red variety of high yield. It has been thoroughly tested by the leading market gardeners in all sections of Massachusetts and the trials have proved it to be ready for distribution for commercial plantings. At the Autumn Show of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society this pepper was given a First Class Certificate which is "The Society's highest award to new or noteworthy plants, flowers, fruits or vegetables of superior merit." This is the first time this certificate has ever been accorded to a vegetable.

It appears that the finest shell bean ever grown in New England was that known as "French's Horticultural". Within recent years however growers have insisted that this variety has "gone to pieces," and assuredly from the results of trials made at Waltham of many seed samples of beans which were purported to be French's this complaint is justifiable. By beginning with the best sort obtainable several years ago. and speeding the process with several winter plantings in the greenhouse. Professor Robert E. Young has steadily made improvements until a decidedly superior strain, the Waltham Scarlet Shell Bean, has been developed. The pods are long and broad, coloring brightly to an intense scarlet over a light background. On suitable soil the yield is above the average of other strains now obtainable.

Another worthy achievement of the seed improvement project is the Waltham Forcing Tomato, originally intended for greenhouse growing but now used quite extensively for staking in the field. The first fruits ripen with Earliana, but have none of the objectionable characters of that variety. It is a long season cropper holding up well when other varieties are lagging.

The stocks of pepper, bean, and tomato seed are increased on the farm of W. P. Sheridan, Littleton. The carrot seed is produced in California. All foundation stocks from which the quantities are increased are grown at the Field Station under the most rigid supervision possible.

Proper and efficiently organized athletics play a vital part in training for worthy citizenship. No other branch of school activities calls out such spontaneous enthusiasm of youth as wholesome participation in athletics.

Closely connected with making good citizens is the question of worthy use of leisure time. The late Coach Knute Rockne said that he didn't worry about the time his boys were in school or at home but that he was vitally interested in what they did between school hours and bed-time.

E. R. Bradley, owner of the world famous "Idle Hour" racing stable, once remarked that there are fifty-two different ways in which the best horse may lose a race honestly. Obviously the chances for an upset multiply infinitely when human beings - more sensitive, complex creatures than horses - are involved.

The Champion does not need the artificial stimulus of the fight talk; his ego supplies the necessary courage. The Champion keeps on telling himself that he is good until it is embedded in his consciousness. In the case of the ordinary athlete, on the other hand, it is not uncommon to see a high-jumper or a pole vaulter clear the bar at one height by a com.fortable margin and fail dismally when the bar is raised one inch higher. The added inch does not put the bar beyond the physical reach of the athlete, but it may put it beyond his mental reach.

The fear hits some individuals so hard that they tend to become hysterical. That is why young, inexperienced golfers and tennis players sometimes sweep better opponents off their feet, in the early stages of a match with brilliant strokes. But that burst of nervous energy passes in time and the veteran player who has full control of his nerves comes back and takes command of the situation.

In every contest there is a turning point, a decisive period in which the final result hinges. It is at that time the breaks of the game occur. The breaks usually are expressed in the mechanics of the play, although they originate in the mind when a player's power of concentration weakens. A football player will certainly fumble a high punt if he permits himself to think of the opposing ends who are tearing down the field after the ball.

Mental speed is the keynote of athletics today. Other things being equal, the leaden footed intelligent player will always succeed when a slow-witted speed merchant fai^s. The smart play is

Study Groups Meet

Despite cold weather and icy, slippery road conditions the first leadertraining meetings in our study cpurse, "Understanding the Adolescent," were well attended and the discussions were all most interesting. Some of the leaders had children past adolescence as well as younger children, and their understanding and experience proved a very helpful contribution.

It is only the unusual individual who really enjoys recording exactly how he spends every last cent of his pocket money. Whether or not his is because we are perhaps a little ashamed of our small extravagances is open to argument.

However, in order to avoid unpleasant discussions over the way pocket money is spent, in the family account book, just record the sum of each member's pocket money as his personal allowance. Children should be encouraged to keep their own record of the way they spend their allowances. Those who have kept their accounts faithfully during the first two months are beginning to discover how interesting these records can become.

The following table was used in connection with our Food Buying classes which were conducted in this county last fall. It may be interesting for you to compare your average weekly market order with this:

Housework Made Easier

Home economic specialists at Massachusetts State College list 10 factors that help the housewife prevent undue fatigue: reduction in number of working hours, self-control, sufficient sleep, rest periods in work, changes in posture during rest, good posture in work, convenient working centers, good order of work, pleasant surroundings, and economy of effort expended in routine work.

The champion athlete with his maddening complacency may prove to be an insufferable bore as a champion. His supreme self satisfaction and child-like faith in himself may eni-age you. But please remember by persistent study and training to the point of self confidence is how he got to the top.

Farm Loan Report

The Acushnet National farm loan association now has a membership of 282 farmers and made loans during 1935 of $69,100. In 1934, however, it granted loans of $180,000.

It was also reported that the Acushnet Association ranked seventh in collections, this association always being in the list of the first ten.

(Continued fi'om Page 2, Column 2) from the Waltham Field Station by requesting them through your County Extension Service. Larger quantities of seed for commercial production may be had from W. I. Locke, Boston Market Gardeners' Association, 240 Beaver Street, Waltham. If interested write to him directly for particulars.

Evelyn Morse

In 1921 Evelyn Morse of Taunton joined the 4-H club. In 1923 she won the County Food Club Championship which entitled her to a trip to Camp Gilbert. Her interest in club work led her to join the canning club during the summer months. She was soon rewarded for her efforts by another free trip to Camp Gilbert as County Canning Club Champion in 1925. As time went on Evelyn won many prizes in Canning and Food amounting to over forty dollars.

In her club work she gave several demonstrations in Canning and Food. She was president of her club three times and secretary twice. She became assistant local leader of a food club in 1925-1926. For two years she did practically all the family canning. The quality of her work was always very high.

In the fall of 1928 Evelyn entered Boston University and had to give up 4-H club work. After graduation in 1932 she was at home for a while without work. During this time she led a 4-H Food club at the County Street School in Taunton. She also joined the 4-H Service Club at this time. Later in the year she received an appointment as teacher in Wareham so had to give up her club work but Margaret Rusconi, a club member, was ready to carry on.

Dates To Remember

Boys and Girls 4-H Field Day - Segreganset, May 23. This day is a field day with games, sports, a conservation field trip and a music program.

The results of the individual egg laying contest for January was as follows: First ribbon to Carlton Southworth of North Dartmouth, with average egg record per bird of 21.9; second ribobn went to Lewis Bergeron of East Freetown with an average yield of 21.6 eggs per bird, and third ribbon went to Ralph and Leonard Doran of North Dartmouth with an average of 20.7 eggs per bird. All first three places were very close indeed.

The next ten highest in order were: Joseph Carvalho, North Westport; Stella Mitzan, North Dartmouth; Arthur Morris, Acushnet; George Remillard, Attleboro; Bernard and Theodore Paquette and Howard Slocum, North Dartmouth; Alfred Perry, North Westport, and John Hyde, Berkley.

The standing of the Poultry Clubs in the County is as follows: First - Briggs Corner Club, Attleboro; Second - ^FuU-O-Pep Club, North Dartmouth; Third - Factory Club, North Westport; Fourth - Faunce Corner Club, North Dartmouth; Fifth - Caswell Club, East Taunton; Sixth - Greenwood Club Westport; Seventh - Winthrop Club, Taunton; Eighth - Common School, Berkley; Ninth - Gidley Club, North Dartmouth.

Get your chicks the latter part of this month or early in April from good clean high producing stock if you wish to get eggs next October, November and December, when eggs will bring a better price. The club agent will help you to locate some good ones if you will but ask him.

One of the outstanding Handicraft Clubs recently organized was one in Attleboro Falls, North Attleboro, and they have chosen the name "Wood Wizzards." The local leader is Mr. Richard Bugbee, a graduate of the North Attleboro High School last year. His aggressiveness and originality has helped to make this club very much "on the map." Each of the twelve or fourteen members makes it his duty to get what wooden boxes he can and bring to the meetings where these boxes are carefully knocked apart and used for making useful articles.

The officers of this active little club are as follows: President, Raymond Rogers; Vice-President, Elmer Dillon; Secretary-Treasurer, William Hill.

Exhibits in Handicraft Clubs as well as other winter projects will be held this year commencing April 15. This means that the year's work should be completed by this date. Exhibits will continue up to May 15.

A Kindly Deed

The Handicraft Club of the Winthrop School, Taunton, under Gordon Chase's leadei-ship, and Mrs. Webster's Clothing Club of Taunton, repaired and donated toys and clothing to needy families in their neighborhood recently. This was a fine spirit and the clubs should be highly commended.

The members of Gordon's and Mrs. Webster's clubs who did this kindly act are as follows: Martha Peterson, Kathleen Peterson, Phyllis Ballou, Helen Cardoza, Irene Webster, Constance Cook, Norma Bliss, Audrey Bliss, Beatrice Tweedy, William Potter, Walter Black and Robert Northwood.

Although at the present writing it doesn't look much like gardening there is no doubt that during the next few weeks there will be a great change in the appearance of the garden area.

Commence to plan now, that is make the plan and decide upon the varieties whether it is a flower garden or a vegetable garden you are going to have.

Get your enrolment card in early if you wish to join a Garden Club, for a good start early in the season usually insures a good crop, provided, of course, you have good soil.

Music In The Air For 4-H Club

There will be music in the air during the coming weeks, at least for the 19,- 000 or more 4-H club members in Massachusetts. Starting March 14 and continuing for nine successive Saturdays, the various numbers of the annual 4-H music contest will be broadcast over Stations WBZ and WBZA, at 1.30 P. M.

All selections will be properly identified as they are played and sung. On the eleventh Saturday, part of each of the ten selections will be played and the members asked to identify them and name the composer.

Each contestant will be required to submit an essay on music appreciation together with his efforts at identification. Ribbons will be awarded according to the scores made.

The individual who does the most outstanding work in music appreciation during the year and who makes a good record in this particular contest will be awarded a trip to the State 4-H Camp at the State College next July.

A complete list of songs and other material on the contest may be secured by writing to Mr. Edwin R. Wyeth, County Club Agent, at Segreganset.

Hardening Plants

There has always been considerable controversy over the subject of hardening plants. We take from the Field Station Journal the following discussion: "Theoretically, the process consists of gradually accustoming plants to conditions they will be subjected to when set out. Actually other things must be taken into consideration in a discussion of this subject. For various reasons growers might be forced some seasons to hold their plants for some time before setting out. In order to prevent the plants from getting too large, it may be necessary to hold the plants back by withholding water and - or lowering the temperature. The season may have been especially favorable and the plants are ready for setting before the usual setting date. Experience has proved it unwise to set plants out before this date, so the j)lants must be held back. In some instances unfavorable weather conditions have made it impossible to get the ground ready, so plants must be held back. Some growers have a very limited space that is heated, making it necessary to start seed of the hardier plants long before the regular planting day and then those plants must be held for a long time in cold frames.

"As a rule it is safe to say that the hardier a plant is the more 'hardening' it will stand. The commonly grown vegetables in the order of hardiness are: - cabbage, lettuce, beets, onions, cauliflower, celery, tomato, pepper and eggplant. Claim is made that with the hardier vegetables results are better from plants that have had a prolonged and severe hardening process, and it is admitted by many that the opposite is true of the tender plants.

"In an effort to find out just what effect hardening has on tomatoes. Professor Porter of Connecticut State College is carrying on a series of careful tests with hardened and soft plants. The results to date indicate that the hardening process delays maturity of tomatoes. The early crop from soft plants was greater and fruit was more uniform, smoother and larger. The hardened plants, however, produced the largest total yield. Three varieties of tomatoes were used and plantings were made on two dates."

And Flower Show April 24, 25, 26, 1936

APRIL 24, 25, 26, 1936 Each day 10.00 A. M. to 10.00 P. M. except during the program hours. Premium Lists with attractive premiums now ready - send for yours.

Spray Rigs

Market gardeners who are planning to spray tomatoes, cucumbers, celery or any other vegetable and wish a low cost spray rig should consider using automobile engines as motive power. Many farmers in other parts of the state have built efficient spray rigs using this type of power. Write your county agent for information.

There seems to be no doubt but that coccidiosis is rather common in the spring of the year, particularly so under certain conditions of management. Many complaints that the chickens are "not doing well," are unthrifty and uneven in size, are directly attributed to the effects of coccidiosis.

The disease is caused by a very minute parasitic organism not to be seen by the unaided eye. They grow and multiply in wan- and moist litter, soil, etc., which is a avorable location for the development^f the spores of the parasites. Affected birds, either chicks or mature, ^ infect the floor by their droppings which contain the organism in the spore stage. Healthy birds pick up the parasites through the food or water and in a few days the intestines of the bird become the seat of a new infection.

The effect upon the birds may be quick or acute with a rather sudden and severe death rate or the reverse may be true, general unthriftiness, slow death rate with not a very high mortality. In general the action of the organism is of an irritating nature upon the inner lining of the intestines. The parasite, after a period of development from the egg stage, passes through the digestive system to the intestinal tract. As there are four active types of the coccidia organism, each seems to have a particular location for its work. Upon opening an affected bird, the ceca or blind gut is found enlarged and filled with a bloody mass, more or less solid, or else it may be distended with blood. The duodenal loop, that part of the intestine directly in back of the gizzard, may be inflamed, reddish in appearance and when opened the walls are thickened reddish areas noted in the lining which may be partially destroyed. The small intestine is another area which shows infection from a certain type of coccidia.

The chicken loses its ability to assimilate the food elements from the grain when the lining of the intestine becomes filled with the parasitic organism. A severe irritation is set up with the resulting intestinal bleeding. Many times bloody droppings are noticed in the litter and although not a sure sign (Continued on Page 2, Column 1)

Monthly Report Bristol-Plymouth Herd Improvement Association, March, 1936

Total number herds, 26; total number cows, 826; number cows dry, 117; average pounds milk, 715; average test 4.1 per cent; average pounds butterfat, 29.3.

Coccidiosis

(Continued from Page 1, Column 3) of coccidiosis, nevertheless, is an indication of an internal disorder. In the same way coccidiosis is not always accompanied by a bloody discharge in the droppings. The contents of the intestines may be slimy and streaked with blood, yet no severe hemorrhages occur. Externally the birds are mopy, dull, with drooping wings and fluffed out feathers, and a decided lack of appetite. They appear cold and tend to bundle around in a dejected sort of way. With the acute form death occurs in a few hours but where the infection is mild the birds will waste away and several days will elapse before death.

Prevention by sanitation and management seems to be the best way to combat coccidiosis. Dry conditions should be maintained at all times during the brooding season. If the litter becomes foul from the droppings, they should be cleaned out. Many poultrymen do not have much trouble with the disease and do not clean out the litter very frequently, but do keep the place dry. The development of the spores is greatly retarded when moisture is lacking. That is why it is necessary to keep the water pans in such a way that the litter around them does not get wet. Range rotation should be followed, changing the runs each year to avoid contamination. In the houses or pens a thorough cleanout and disinfection should be practiced after each brood of chickens. If the birds show the symptoms as outlined, and the cause is shown to be coccidiosis, a feed that will flush the intestinal tract plus a thorough cleaning of the litter will help put the chicks back in order. Baking soda, one pound in ten gallons of water, for two days in place of the regular water supply will help to rid the intestines of the accumulation of parasites. A conditioner feed put up by the feed companies may be used, or milk powder added to the mash at the rate of forty pounds to one hundred pounds of mash and fed for two or three days is recommended. If sour milk can be obtained, it may be used in place of water, but such milk must be pure, not contaminated, moldy, or preservative added.

To summarize, grow healthy chicks from vigorous stock, range rotate, practise thorough sanitation and watch your brooding management. If symptoms of coccidiosis appear, keep the brooder dry, separate the sick chicks and feed some material t;hat will act as a mild flushing agent. Clean up the litter and watch the flock carefully so as to repeat the measure if needed.

Commmencement Exercises For The Class Of 1936

The Commencement Exercises for the class of 1936 were held Tuesday evening, March 81, in the school auditorium. Those receiving diplomas were:

There are always a large number of prizes and awards given to the students of the school at the Commencement Exercises. The Charles Sidney Chace Essay Award was given for the first time this year for the best essay written on nature or some phase of natural science. The Thrift Prizes are given to three from each class for wise use of money and time. An Alumni Ai^ard (B. C. A. S. Pennant) is given to a member of each class for the best school spirit. B. of A. Life Member Certificates are given to those students who have earned twenty-four honors in the student body organization. Charles Sidney Chace Essay Award:

January, February and March are gone, which means that 1936 is onefourth over. How are the family accounts progressing? Those who have kept their record faithfully are already beginning to appreciate the values of a full year's record.

During the past month Miss Gerard visited several homes in Bristol County to return last year's account books which she had summarized. There is a fascination about seeing your entire year's expenditures spread out on a single sh«et of paper. There are often some surprises, too. Figures do not lie, and the way the money is actually spent is shown. Yes, family account keeping requires determination and persistence, but the results are of proven value.

Country Women Of The World To Meet

An extremely interesting and inspiring event will be the third triennial conference of the Associated Country Women of the World which is to be held in Washington this year from May 31 to June 8.

Women representing rural groups from all parts of the world will be present to discuss problems of mutual interest. This is the first time this conference has met in this country, the two previous meetings being held in Europe, so it does present an unusual opportunity for us to meet this splendid group of women.

Information regarding low cost housing accommodations in Washington has now been received from Miss Grace E. Frysinger, General Chairman of the United States groups. We will be glad to pass on this information to anyone who is interested in going to Washington. We will also be glad to forward your reservations to Miss Frysinger.

Beauty In Quilts

A limited number of copies of a recent radio talk by Miss Grace B. Gerard, Home Furnishing Specialist, on the subject "Beauty in Quilts" have been received in this office and are available for distribution to those interested in modem quUt making.

This is a very practical article that should be most helpful to anyone who is planning to make a quilt. Copies may be obtained by writing to the Bristol County Extension Service, Segreganset, Mass.

The premium list of the third annual Bristol County Garden and Flower Show is now available for distribution. Do you like to arrange flowers? Have you some favorite house plants you would like to display? Do you own some pretty china or pottery and do you enjoy setting up an attractive table? Have you some attractive table favors others might enjoy seeing? Do you like to make up table favors?

If the answer to any of these questions is "Yes," then send to the Bristol County Agricultural School, Segreganset, Mass., for a premium list and help to make our exhibit a real success.

"Social Development" was the subject of the third meeting for leaders of our study groups "Understanding the Adolescent" which was held early in March.

Companionship and social contacts are essential for the happiness and normal development of most individuals. Children in early adolescence show their desire to identify themselves with the group by their interest in joining clubs, secret societies, and organizations of various sorts. Study group members were agreed that contact with groups of their own age gives boys and girls many valuable experiences that they cannot get in any other way. Intimacy with a pal or chum is also another characteristic of this period. This is probably brought about because of a desire to establish a confidant aside from parents and because of similar interests and experiences.

Learning to select friends and to get along well with people is an important part of any adolescent's development and one where he needs an opportunity to experiment and to learn for himself. The wise parent is he who can counsel and guide his child but still leave him free to make his own decisions.

life and how much children enjoy their leisure-time activities with their parents, the normal adolescent, as he grows older, will want to spend more and more time doing things with the boys and girls of his own age and less with his family. This is something to be faced as a fact, and something which parents should be prepared to welcome as a sign that their growing son and daughter are developing in an entirely normal way and making a good adjustment to life. Instead of making all the plans themselves and participating in the activities with their children, parents will now gradually withdraw. The club and the group logically become more important than the family in leisure time. There may still be special occasions when a party with the family and their relatives will be greatly enjoyed, but even on such occasions the adolescent is likely to look around for some other young person of his own age with whom he can remain a little aloof from both grown-ups and children."

Get started early. If your land is drained start to plant peas, lettuce seeds or plants, and radishes at once. This may be followed soon by beets, carrots, onions and early cabbage.

A list of the best varieties of vegetables to plant may be procured by writing to us here at the Bristol County Agricultural School, at Segreganset, Mass. Write us also for garden bulletins (flower or vegetable) and enroll in the Garden Club.

Commencement

The Chace Chapter of the B. of A. of the Bristol County Agricultural School awards a life membership, and gives a distinguished service medal to some outstanding person or persons every year. This year two were awarded, one to Lieut. Gov. Joseph L. Hurley, and one to Miss Emma R. Hall of New Bedford.

Herbert Ashley

It was in the spring of 1920 that Herbert Ashley first joined a 4-H club, a Garden Club in Berkley. At that time he was a sophomore in the Bristol County Agricultural School. The next year he joined the Potato Club and raised a fine crop of potatoes, nearly half an acre. As a result of this excellent piece of work he won the County Garden Championship which entitled him to a free trip to Camp Gilbert at the State College.

The following year Herbert did even a better job with his potatoes and for this he was awarded the State honors which entitled him to another trip to Amherst and a silver cup in the bargain, which all State winners receive.

With three other outstanding club members from this county, namely: Chester Munroe of Rehoboth, Jonathan Chase of Westport and D. Lee Johnson of Assonet, Herbert put on a feature exhibit at Brockton Fair.

Herbert is active in the Bristol County 4-H Service Club and has held the office of vice-president. He has also been a local leader although his other duties prevent him from leading a club just now.

Herbert has now turned largely to poultry although he and his father do some market gardening and small fruit growing. He is also doing poultry testing work in the county for the State College.

Herbert was also fortunate in securing for his life's partner a very capable and congenial 4-H Club girl, Clara Munroe Ashley, and with their family they bid fair to live a long, happy life on the home farm in Berkley.

Girls' Achievement Day

May 2 at the Bristol County Agricultural School is to be 4-H Club Girls' Achievement Day. At this time the 4-H Club Dress Contest for Clothing Club members will take place.

There will also be contests for Pood Club members to include recipe notebooks and files. A new contest this year will be a muffin making contest for junior girls. For older girls there will be a contest in preparation of carrots. Perhaps you have a favorite way of serving carrots. For further information see your leader.

Carrot Recipes

For 4-H club members who plan to enter the carrot preparation contest on May 2, there are available some carrot recipes. Perhaps you have an unusual way to sei'ving this vegetable so you may wish to use your own recipe. These booklets are available at the Bristol County Extension Service Office at Segreganset, Mass.

May 23 will soon be here. For the past four Saturdays sectional rallies have been held so 4-H club members might learn to recognize and sing the songs on the state music appreciation program. On May 23 there will be a music program with an opportunity for club members to sing these songs. Some clubs are to dramatize a song. Is your club one of them? If you have a special choice let the Club Agents know, for those who get in their requests first will have a choice of songs. Some clubs have already chosen their songs.

Applications for enrolment will be received from now to June 15. A fee of $1.00 should accompany the application. The cost of Camp will be $5.00 for the whole time unless the trip is awarded.

County winners in the various projects. County Music Champion, "Protect Your Smile" winner, Tent Caterpillar Campaign winner, will receive a free trip.

A certain few outstanding members will be awarded the trip by donations that are sent in by Granges and other organizations in the county and the County 4-H Service Club.

Dartmouth; second, Louis Bergeron of East Freetown; and third, James B. Hathaway, Jr., of Berkley. The highest ten were: Ralph and Leonard Doran, Bernard and Theodore Paquette, Manuel Ramos, North Dartmouth; Alfred Brown, North Westport; Kenneth Mc- Conville, Robert Billington and Gladys McConville, North Dartmouth; Everett Bauer, Attleboro; Seraphin Perry, Westport; and Martin Slutsky, Abraham Leventhal and Robert Leventhal, Attleboro.

The program consisted of talking movies on poultry raising, egg exhibit, breed identification, talk by Assistant State Club Leader, E. H. Nodine, and recreation.

Winners in the Egg Exhibit were as follows: Brown - First, Carlton Southworth, North Dartmouth; second, Geo. Hyde, Berkley; third, John Paul Hyde, Berkley. Ralston Reed, Jr., of Rehoboth and Everett Bauer won honorable mention in this class. In the White egg class: First, Martin Slutsky, Attleboro; second, Robert Leventhal, Attleboro.

A few points that those starting chicks this spring should bear in mind are these: If chicks are to be procured from hatcheries be sure that you get them from breeder hatcheries, that is, hatcheries of poultrymen who do their own breeding. Of course, obtain chicks only from clean, tested stock. We here at the Bristol County Agricultural School can check that point for you.

If you are hatching your own chicks be sure to use eggs that are from disease free stock. If you are using hens be sure to dust them with sodium fluoride.

Don't forget the Eastern States Exposition trip to the best Poultry Club. There will also be other individual prizes awarded to outstanding club members.

Fall River Farmers' Market

The Farmers' Market in Fall River will shortly move from the street-curb on Plymouth avenue to an excellently prepared market area on the Old Merchant Mill site.

This area now leased to the Fall River Farmers' Market Association will be operated by the farmers and their manag'er. A group of twelve farmers from Bristol County, Mass., and Newport County, Rhode Island, serving as directors of the association, have been working on plans during the last two months to finance and operate the market.

This new market area will be adequately lighted, toilet facilities provided and a manager will assign space to each vehicle entering the area. A charge not exceeding 25 cents per market period wUl be made to those who bring produce in to the market area.

Considerable criticism has been heard relative to the charge of 25 cents per market period. Some people think that the city of Fall River should continue to furnish a free market space to the farmers, but these people fail to realize the amount of money the city would necessarily spend each year to furnish free a market comparable to the one proposed by the Fall River Farmers' Market Association. The farmers should realize that the benefits gained by selling produce on a market controlled by their own organization will eventually be worth more than the daily fee.

A market space well lighted and attractive will attract buyers from long distances which wUl increase competition among buyers and possibly raise the price of produce sold. The produce growers should support 100 per cent any opportunity to improve market conditions in Fall River.

The market to be operated by the Fall River Farmers' Market Association is a big step forward from the old Plymouth avenue market and warrants use by all produce growers.

Infectious Laryngotracheitis Mary Sue Wigley

Any person who listens to Mary Sue Wigley speak will want to hear her again and again, and again - that's some tribute, but when you hear her you'll wonder so little was said for her.

A Good Soil Program

Following the various attempts to control the market for farm products, we have at last a commonsense program of soil conservation and improvement that is consistent with good farm practice and sound farm management both for the farmer and for the nation. Somewhat as, a decade and a half ago, the federal government provided long term farm loans at reasonable rates and more recently has provided for the farmer's needs in production credit, the Soil Conservation Committees are now undertaking to encourage by sensible methods and substantial assistance the permanent fertility of our farm lands; which is the essence of good farming for the individual and for the nation.

For full inf oirmation in regard to this or to learn what advantage there may be in it for you, get in touch with the Soil Conservation Agent, Vincent J. Riley, recently appointed by the Bristol County Committee, or with the Agricultural Extension Service, both located at the Bristol County Agricultural School, Segreganset, Mass.

This very serious disease, which is commonly and wrongly called infectious bronchitis, is altogether too prevalent in Bristol County. In fact, it has been found in all parts of the county at va^ rious times, much to the sorrow of the poultrymen. It usually results in a sudden mortality among the laying fiock that may reach as high as 30 per cent. Flock loss in numbers with the accompanying drop in production spells defeat for most any poultryman's profit for the year, and once in the flock it is more than likely to show up again the following seasons.

The disease is one of the so called virus diseases and is highly contagious. It causes a slimy, bloody mucus to form in the trachea or windpipe of the bird. Effort is made to dislodge this material by coughing which may or may not occur. If the trachea becomes quite congested a distinct rattling can be heard as the bird attempts to get its breath through this congestion. When air is taken in, the neck is extended and the mouth is opened showing that a distinct effort is being made to breathe. Frequently at this stage a characteristic sharp gurgling sound is made and when once heard is not easily forgotten. Suddenly the bird will catch its breath and cough violently. If the disease is far advanced death may occur at this point and is caused by the dislodgment of the mucus which upon the intake of air is caught at the branching of the bronchial tubes resulting in strangulation.

About seven days are used in the development of the disease after introduction of the infection which may come in on grain bags, feet, crates, and other birds already affected. Two or three weeks is the usual course of the disease, depending upon the rapidity ol the infection.

"Two procedures have been worked out for the control of laryngotracheitis known respectively as the eradication and the vaccination methods. Each method has its advocates.

Number of herds, 26; total number cows, 835; number cows dry, 103; average pounds milk, 705; average test, 4.06 per cent; average pounds butterfat, 28.6.

Ten High Herds In Milk And Butterfat Production

In addition to above, 12 other cows pi-oduced over 60 pounds for month of April. "Duchess," leading cow in the association during the year of 1935, has been sold by Mr. Kimball and is now the property of Cabral Bros., East Taunton.

Mastitis

Some cows in practically every dairy herd in Bristol County are troubled with mastitis. Mastitis may be regarded as any abnormal condition in the cow's udder and the stage of progress of this trouble determines whether or not it can be transmitted to other cows. Swollen udders at freshening time are not indicative of mastitis but congested and swollen udders at other times during the lactation period indicate symp~ toms of mastitis.

Mastitis is caused by infection following injuries such as, cuts and bruises to the udder and teats, exposure to cold floors and drafts and continued congestion of the udder after freshening. The owner usually has no way of knowing whether or not the mastitis is infectious until it spreads from cow to cow. It is probably best for all owners to consider udder trouble as infectious mastitis and take every precaution to prevent its spread.

Mastitis can be detected by the use of a strip cup at milking time. If flakes of thick milk appear in the strip cup, a further check by the use of bromthymal solution would indicate the stage of progress of mastitis in each quarter. All dairy herds should be checked

A cow troubled with mastitis is an uneconomical producer and each dairyman should take care to prevent the spread of mastitis in the herd. Care should be used in purchasing only cows with sound udders. Spreading within the herd can be controlled by keeping stable floors warm and dry; by observing cleanliness in milking, in using a mild disinfectant to disinfect hands, udders, and teat cups of mechanical milkers; by milking infected quarters of the udder into a pail rather than on the floor; by using superphosphate which is a mild disinfectant on the platform and walks in the stable; and last, milk all suspicious mastitis animals last in order to lessen the spread of mastitis by the hands or mechanical milkers.

Professor C. J. Fawcett has prepared a leaflet on the recognition and prevention of mastitis and copies will be sent to those requesting a copy from your County Agent.

For Summer

All of the students of the school should keep in mind this calendar and try to participate in some of the summer events. In some cases the date and place have not yet been determined, but will appear in future Bulletins before the event.

B. of A. State Pilgrimage, May 16^ - Mr. Pettey, Mr. Philbrook, Miss Stewart, Advisors. May Queen Dance, May 22 - Host, Mr. Wyeth; Hostess, Mrs. Wyeth; Patronesses, Mrs. Tufts, Mrs. Woodward, Mrs. Wyeth. June Dance, away from Home. Place undetermined. Date undertermined. - Host, Mr. Pettey, Hostess, Mrs. Pettey. Fishing Trip - Place undertermined. Date undetermined. Advisors: Mr. Gilson, Mr. Millard. Beach Party, July 23 - Hosts, Mr. Millard and Mr. Woodward; Hostesses, Mrs. Millard and Mrs. Woodward. Camp Trip, Crowell Hill, Auburn, Mass. August 22-23 - Advisors, Mr. Philbrook, Mr. Hawkes, Mr. Gilbert. Tennis, Horseshoe and Canoe Meet, September 18th - Advisors, Mr. Wyeth, Mr. Tufts, Mr. Hawkes. Any outdoor event will be postponed one week in case of rain.

The May Queen Dance will be held Friday evening. May 22, with Mr. and Mrs. Wyeth as host and hostess. This is always a very pretty event with spring decorations, the Maypole, and the Queen of the May.

Erosion

When floods were ravaging New England and leaving deposits of sand upon river valleys, parts of Bristol County suffered from erosion. Fields on many farms in South Rehoboth, Seekonk and Dighton gullied during the excessive rains in the month of March. Tons of loam were washed into swamps, brooks and other places where recovery is impossible. These gullies cannot be filled, or, if filled, will always leave a water course that will wash again during heavy rains.

Poultry Tour

A Poultry Tour to plants in Norfolk County will be conducted on Monday, May 25, leaving Segreganset at 9.30 A. M. Anyone desiring to go on this tour and not having received a notice of same kindly get in touch with the Extension Office at Segreganset.

Mrs. Morley To Hold Open

In response to continued requests for a meeting that would be open for all members of our Extension study groups on the subject of "Understanding the Adolescent" Mrs. Morley has scheduled three days for Bristol County as follows: Tuesday, May 26, from 2.00 to 4.00 P.

The plan is that Mrs. M,orley shall devote about an hour to emphasizing some of the high lights of this course and the rest of the time will be spent in discussion and in answering questions.

Mary Sue Wigley To Be Speaker

Saturday, June 6, is the day when the Bristol County Agricultural School keeps open house for Homemakers. This is the day when the members of our Extension Study Groups and their friends gather for our Annual Home Bureau Day. Early June is a delightful time in the country, and early enough in the season so that a picnic lunch out of doors is still a treat. Many women feel that the opportunity to wander over the school grounds and through the greenhouses and the pleasure of renewing old friendships and making new acquaintances alone makes the day worth while.

This year a special treat is in store for all who attend. An original program by members of the study groups on "Understand the Adolescent" will be presented. Mrs. Annette T. Herr, State Leader, and Miss Ruth Mclntire, Recreation Specialist, will each have a part on the program. A special feature of the day will be the lecture to be given by Miss Mary Sue Wigley. Members of the Federated Women's Clubs who attended the convention in Swampscott last year give glowing reports of her talk at that meeting.

It is seldom that one hears such unstinted praise of any speaker as has been accorded Miss Wigley and we feel quite privileged to be able to present her to the women of Bristol County. Her subject deals with economic problems of the home and because of her training and experience as well as her rare personality she brings an inspiring message revealing a real understanding of human problems and a hopeful philosophy.

The date is Saturday, June 6; the place is the Bristol County Agricultural School in Segreganset, the hour from 10.30 A. M. to 3.30 P. M. There will be someone provided to watch the small children. Members of the 4-H Service Club will serve ice cream and coffee. Everybody brings her own lunch and plans for a truly good time. We hope for pleasant weather, but a rainy day fails to spoil our fun.

Now that spring is already here and we have had a taste of warm weather it is high time to check over our possessions to make sure that they are well protected from the ravages of our enemy, the Clothes Moth.

Farmers' Bulletin No. 1353, entitled "Clothes Moths and Their Control" is available through the Extension Service at the Bristol County Agricultural School in Segreganset. This helpful bulletin points out to us that clothes moths love warmth and darkness, and that while they are somewhat active throughout the year in our modern heated houses. May and June are their favorite months to lay eggs.

It isn't actually the moths that do the damage, but rather the tiny worm larvae that hatch from the eggs that the moth lays. The favorite food for these worms is wool, fur, hair, feathers, and everything made from these animal products. Felts in the piano, upholstered furniture and rugs are not immune from the ravages of these pests. Brushes made from hair need to be carefully watched. Soiled places on woolen clothes are also particularly attractive to them.

Vigilance and cleanliness are the two best safeguards against moths. Dry cleaning, washing, or careful brushing and inspection to remove all possible moth eggs, then sealing in air tight packages is usually a safe protection. Even a tiny pin prick is sufficient to admit a moth and to cause the ruin of the contents of the package, however.

Naphthalene, paradichlorobenzene, and gum camphor if used in sufficient quantity and carefully sealed in so that the vapor cannot escape will actually kill the trouble makers and so give added protection.

New Leaflets

Two new leaflets arrived from the State College in Amherst too late for distribution at our Garden and Flower Show. These are written by Mr. William R. Cole and are entitled, "Food Production for a Family of Three" and "Food Production for a Family of Five."

Have you ever canned asparagus? You will enjoy your home canned product. The following recipe is taken from "Food Presei-vation Recipes," a copy of which may be obtained without cost from the Extension Service, Bristol County Agricultural School, Segreganset, Mass.

If to be canned whole, stalks should be cut to length to fit the jars and graded for size. Tie up bunches of convenient size, tips up. If to be canned as "cut" prepare as for table use. Wash thoroughly.

Asparagus should be blanched. Have a large kettle filled with boiling water, to a depth of two or three inches. Stand a few bunches in this water for two or three minutes, then lay bunches on their sides, being sure they are covered with water. Leave in this position for one or two minutes. Remove and chill quickly in cold water. When cool enough to handle remove and drain. Asparagus should be blanched only long enougli to make stalk flexible. If canning "cut" blanch tips only one-third of whole time.

Pack into clean tested jars; tips up except the two or three stalks in the middle of the jar which are packed tips down. Pack as tightly as possible without crushing. If "cut" fill jars.

Place jars in water bath to cover, bring water to boiling, regulate fire to moderate boiling and boil 100 minute's for pints; 120 minutes for quarts.

County Handicraft Contest

The recent county Handicraft Contest which was held in the Taunton High School was a great success. Twentyeight boys representing twelve different clubs participated.

The winners of the silver cup offered by the Pierce Hardware Company of Taunton was the Junior Father's Helper's Club of the County Street School, Taunton. Joseph Rusconi was the leader and the members who composed the club were James Rusconi and Jimmy Rusconi. Permanent ownership of the cup is established after three winnings.

Individual prizes were awarded as follows : First, a tie between James Mattos and Gilbert White; second, James Rusconi, and third, Jimmy Rusconi; all of these boys were representative of various Taunton clubs.

The prize ribbons went to the following individuals for having the three highest records: First, James Hathaway, Berkley; second, Frank Morton, East Taunton; third, Stella Mitzan, North Dartmouth. Those whose flocks average over 20 eggs per bird were: Alphons Strachocki, North Dartmouth; George Remillard, Attleboro; Raymond Langlois. North Dartmouth; Martin Slutsky, Robert Leventhal and Abraham Leventhal, Attleboro; Lewis Bergeron, East Freetown; John Riley, East Taunton; Walter Black, Taunton; Howard Slocum, North Dartmouth; Omer Bernier, Alfred Perry, Westport; Ralph and Leonard Doran, North Dartmouth; Sanford Perry and Alfred Brown, Westport; Howard and George Bankert, Attleboro; and Alfred Henault, East Taunton.

Club members wishing to join a poultry club now should line up with the baby chick contest keeping at least 25 chicks and keeping the feed cost records until November 1. In the fall, November 1, they can then belong to a Poultry Club by continuing with their birds in the Egg Laying Contest. Write for chick record sheets and bulletins on raising chickens.

should continue keeping egg records all that time. Those starting late should continue keeping egg records until that time. They should keep at least five months of egg and grain records.

County Camp is not far off. Next month is the month, so do not delay in getting in your application with the dollar if you want to be sure of a berth.

If there is any club member who can give the common camp calls on a bugle please apply at once to the Club Agent, Segreganset. An attractive camp offer will be made to such a boy or girl?

The following counsellors have been selected to date for County Camp: Mrs. Wyeth will be Camp Dietician again; Mrs. Louise Gwilliam of Norton, Camp Mother; Mrs. Doris Johnson of Rehoboth, Camp Secretary; Mr. John Perry of North Dartmouth, Mr. Richard Bugbee of North Attleboro, Mr. William Lamb of Taunton, and Mr. Joseph Merrill of Raynham in charge of Water Front, namely. Boating and Swimming. Others will be selected soon.

The number attending County Camp will be limited somewhat this year so please be sure and get your application in early. Will those registering for Camp please send their fee of $1.00 to Mrs. Doris Johnson, R.F.D. No. 1, Attleboro.

Garden Notes

Vegetable and Flower gardens should be under way at once. Seed sown when the soil is moist, not wet, starts to germinate almost immediately. A good start means so much to the future success of the plant.

It is highly advisable to treat vegetable and flower seeds with Red Oxide of Copper or Semesan. Send to us for literature on how to use this. It is very simple and inexpensive and assure* much better germination and growth.

Also get a bulletin on common insects of the garden. This will be very helpful. You cannot have a successful flower or vegetable garden without fighting these pests.

Next fall there is to be a "whole flock" of Fairs around the county and state where good cash premiums are to be offered to flower and vegetable 4-H club members. Be sure to get good seed. Raise some good crops and you will be repaid by getting good prizes, besides the crops you use yourself or sell.

"The eradication method implies that all birds on the premises having had laryngotracheitis or having been exposed to it should be disposed of at the end of the hatching season or any other time most convenient to the owner and the expedient eradication of the disease. Then all of the buildings which had been occupied by the birds should be thoroughly cleaned, disinfected, and exposed to the air and sunshine until thoroughly dry. New stock should be introduced from absolutely clean flocks or from the poultryman's own hatchings which have been adequately protected from infection. The subsequent re-introduction of laryngotracheitis should be guarded against.

"The vaccination method may be used to immunize chickens on the range or adult birds in the laying house. When it is desired to vaccinate chickens on the range, commercial vaccine is most commonly employed. This product may be secured from most of the houses now selling chicken pox vaccine. The chickens should be vaccinated against laryngotracheitis soon after reaching six weeks of age, and against chicken pox a month later.

"Birds in the laying house should be vaccinated only in an emergency; that is, when the disease has already appeared in a small portion of the flock. The birds in which the disease has not yet appeared should be vaccinated in a few hours, using either commercial or autogenous vaccine, since a delay of one or two days may be too late. Autogenous vaccine has some advantages in an emergency, for it is immediately available for use, is usually more virulent than commercial vaccine, and is specific for the particular disease that the birds are affected with.

"Four or five days after vaccination the birds should be examined for takes. In reading the takes, the same procedure can be followed as in vaccina^ting the birds. The person reading the takes should have a supply of swabs handy and re-vaccinate any birds in which takes did not occur with exudate from birds which show good takes. A take has occurred in those birds in which the mucous membrane of the cloaca or upper part of vent is moist, inflamed or covered with a yellowish-white false membrane."

Vaccination is not a complicated process but requires care and patience on the part of the poultryman. Above all no vaccine should be introduced into the flock until the disease in question is accurately diagnosed as infectious bronchitis. And then a thorough job done, with particular care being made to keep the disease on that particular farm.

Crop Reporting Service

Because of the growing importance of rotenone-containing materials and pyrethrum in the control of vegetable insect pests, we are printing the following summary of an article by Warren D. Whitcomb in the Field Station Journal. The entire article is in the March, 1936 issue.