Hanover Township (part 2 of 3)

Dr. A. R. Liber established dental offices in Hanover about 1894, practicing for some time and then leaving the village. After a year or two he again opened offices in Hanover, remaining until 1909, when he sold to Dr. E. D. East, and located at Shelby. Dr. Liber was born and raised in Hanover township.

During the summer of 1907, a homecoming of all former residents of Hanover was proposed by Mrs. Wessie A. Woods and W. A. Me- Crea, then living in Canton. It met with favor and a call was issued for a Homecoming Day to be held in the village, September 20. The occasion was entered into with much enthusiasm and never was a warmer "welcome home" extended than that by the people of Hanover. The guests for the day coming by train, were met at Kensington with hay-wagons and amid fiying banners were taken to the village, where the portals of the homes were thrown open to all. At the school building and grounds the program arranged for the day was carried out. Addresses were made by Mayor A. V. Johnson, Prof. J. C. Breckinridge, W. S. Harseman, and Rev. James H. Weaver, former superintendents of schools, Frank A. Arter and others. A volunteer register of names totaled 1,076 and it was believed fully 1,800 were present. August 19, 1908, the second Homecoming Day was observed with larger attendance than the previous year, this being estimated at 2,500. A third Homecoming was had August 18, 1909.

Tuscarawas Trail

To the south of Hanover two miles at the road known as the Inman corner passed the Tuscarawas path or Indian trail, also known in history as the Great Trail, one of the most important of the Indian paths in the history of the early Ohio country. Over this trail went General Bouquet with his company of men during the French and Indian war in 1763, this expedition bringing the Delaware and Shawnee tribes to terms and ending Pontiac's war in Ohio. In 1778 General McIntosh with his army passed over this trail establishing a fort on the Muskingum and then westward over the path soon followed the pioneer, he plunging into the forest to the spot where fancy led and his ax sounded a dawn of a morning in the march of our progress and history.

Village Land Additions Fire Company

About 1840, the first fire company was organized in Hanover, A. N. Kinnear being chosen foreman, It flourished well for some years, but conflagrations fortunately being few, with members moving elsewhere and others losing interest, it was gradually dissolved. About 1860 it was reorganized and has since been maintained but every year or two by reason of changes some new members are chosen, In 1899, a steam fire engine was purchased, the fire equipment of today being a most creditable one for the village. The company a. present consists of ten members, A, H, Melbourne being chief, S. ©, Hoopes, lieutenant and M. H, Ruble, captain and chief engineer,

Rev. James Robertson

Pioneer Presbyterian minister of Hanover, Born in Scotland and with his wife came to America about 1813. Preached in Hanover among the people before ever the village had a church. Preached at Bethesda and other Columbiana county Presbyterian churehes during life. Died at home of daughter, Mrs. George Sloan, in Hanover December 13, 1856.

Dr. James Robertson was a son of Rev. James Robertson of Blair Athel, Scotland and was born in Perthshire, May 19, 1800. The family came to America in 1813. Dr. Robertson studied medicine under Dr. Fotter at Lisbon and at Jefferson Medical college, Philadelphia. He settled in Hanover in 1823 and for more than forty years engaged in the practice in the village, being noted as one of the most eminent and distinquished physicians and surgeons in eastern Ohio, his reputaticn causing him to frequently be called in consultation a distance of forty and fifty miles and more.

In 1827 he married Miss Anna Eliza Scott, daughter and only child cf David Scott of Lisbon, she having been born June 21, 1806. Mrs. Robertson was a woman of culture and fine mental and spiritual endowmerts. Dr. and Mrs. Robertson had eight children; Katherine, who married John M. Kuhn, M. D., Strewan S., who studied medicine and succeeded the father, Lucretia, who married James H. Seymour, M. D., Walter S., who studied dentistry, Fergus S., who became a hardware merchant, Flora, who married Rev. William Y. Brown PD. D., a Presbyterian minister, Oscar, who died in infancy, Janet, who married first A. P. Nicholas and latterly Major Mortimer A. Higley, a banker in Cedar Rapids, lowa.

Dr. Robertson is said to have in his day been the best known man in the county. In addition to his skill as a physician, he was active in support of church work and in the cause of temperance. He vas a thorough Calvinist and Presbyterian im doctrinal belief, a regular attendant at church ministrations, and a liberal contributor not only to his own but other denominations as well. The lavish warm hearted hospitality of himself and wife was so much appreciated by the clergy that his home was often spoken of as the "Presbyterian Ministers Hotel. Prior to and during the Civil war he took active interest in the anti-slavery movement, his house being a station of the historic "Underground Railroad."

He was tireless in his professional work often going long periods with practically no sleep other than that obtained while being hurriedly driven from patient to patient. "A vision of this grand hero comes to my mind" writes a friend, 'When I read Ian MacLaren's Doctor of the Old School.' Like him James Robertson was Scotch and like William MacLure he proved that "Greater love hath no man than this, that he lay down his life for his friends."

Dr. Robertson died in 1868 and two years later his devoted wife passed away. They repose together in the family lot in Grove Hill cemetery at Hanover.

Mrs. Anna Robertson Brown Lindsay, Ph. D., and her children, Flora Robertson, Daniel England, and Glennon, being the fifth generation of the Rev. James Robertson family.

Mrs. Eliza Sloan Fawcett; born Hanover March 2, 1835, daughter of George and Jessie Robertson Sloan; educated Lake Erie College and Steubenville seminary; died Cleveland, O., January 17, 1911.

Of marriage union of Dr. and Mrs. Fawcett five children were born, George and Charles Fawcett, Mrs. J. W. Doxsee, Mrs. W. E. Byrnes, Margaretta M.

Charles L. Fawcett

Dr. Chas. L. Fawcett, born near Carrollton Feb. 8, 1832; graduate Michigan University and Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia; began practice of medicine, Lisbon, 1866; moved Salem, 1875; in 1895 moved Cleveland; practiced 30 years; married Eliza Sloan, Hanover, 1857, died home of daughter, Mrs. J. W. Doxsee, Monticello, Iowa, July 27, 1902.

Dr. Stephen L. C. Briden and Miss Catharine Sloan, daughter of George and Jessie Sloan, of Hanover, were married September 8 1859. To the marriage union six children were born, five of whom are living.

Catharine Sloan Briden was born at Hanover in 1837, and was educated at Willoughby and Steubenville Seminary, she graduating from the Steubenville Seminary in 1855.

Mr. And Mrs. Robert Raley

Robert Raley was born on a farm near Hanover October 23, 1837. In early years he taught school, studying law during vacations and was admitted to the bar in Clinton county, Ohio, in 1862, establishing a law office in Carrollton in 1863. November 12, 1867 he was married tuo Miss Margaretta Sloan of Hanover. In 1863 he was elected proseeuting attorney of Carroll county serving from 1864 to 1874. In 1886 he was appointed Judge for the Court of Common Pleas for the district of which Carroll county was a part serving to time of death October 10, 1387.

Margaretta M. Sloan Raley was born at Hanover May 19, 1840, a daughter of George and Jessie Robertson Sloan receiving her education in the public schools of the village and a private school at Steubenville. Following are the children living of Judge and Mrs. Raley: - Judge George S. Raley, Glen Falls, N. Y.; Frank J. Raley, Portland, Ore.; Robert J. Raley, Duluth, Minn.; Charles M. Raley, Claremont, N. H.; Mrs. Jessie S. Hays, Columbus, O.; Mrs. Raley died April 29, 1908.

James R. Sloan

Born at Hanover, October 17, 1842, son of George and Jessie Sloan. After completing school life was employed in dry goods business in Pittsburg; soldier of civil war; member firm of Gray & Sloan in Chicago; burned out in "Great Fire,' 1872; returned to Hanover; married Floretta M. Johnson, 1885. Died 1907.

REV. HOSEA McCALL. Born Middletown, Conn., Oct. 2, 1810; studied for the ministry; admitted Pittsburg conference M. E. church, 1835; in active ministry 36 years; served Hanover circuit 1845-6, 1860-61; married Miss Margaret Campbell of Greensburg, Pa. Feb. 5, 183 Died at Malvern, O., May 5, 1882; wife died Dec. 8, 1893; eight children born of marriage union, four still living.

left fatherless at six months of age, and in his fifth year moved with his mother and her children to Butler county in the same state. At the age of 17, McCrea went to Pittsburgh, learned cabinet making, and was married in his 21st year to Mary McGarry of Columbiana county. After his marriage he located to Cincinnati, but after residing there two years, he came to Hanover, engaging in furniture and uncertaking business. In 1868, he moved to Canton, where he opened a furniture store, and by integrity and thrift, gained an enviable reputation, becoming most successful. The one story frame structure, in which he was conducting his business, was removed in 1872 and a three story brick business block erected. In January 1866, by reason of ill health he was forced to retire.

Later that same year he spent some time in Florida and was greatly improved in health, but returning home too early in the season, he suffered a relapse, and passed away on the 21st of June, 1887, at the age of 61. Of the marriage union six children were born; Hugh D., William A., James A., Hannah Jane, Mary Catharine and Hleanor. Mrs. McCrea died in 1901.

Hugh Daniel McCrea, the eldest son of John B. and Mary Mc- Crea, was born in Cincinnati, O.. May 21st, 1849. At early age his parents moved to Hanover, where he attended the village school. In 1862, when civil war was at its height, young McCrea endeavored to enlist as a drummer boy, but was not accepted on account of age. About this time a well-known sheep grower of Hanover hired McCrea to assist in taking drove of sheep from Hanover to Philadelphia, Pa., a distance of about 425 miles, this being an eventful trip for a boy. Upon his return assisted his father in furniture and undertaking business. McCrea worked in his father's store, in Canton, for four years. April 28, 1874, he was married to Katherine Sheridan, the eldest daughter of. Bernard and Ellen Sheridan, of Armstrong county, Pa. By coincident it happened that the fathers of the bride and groom had been old-time friends from boyhood days.

In 1879, he moved to Youngstown, opening a furniture store in that city, where he remained until 1886, when his father retiring from business in Canton, he sold and succeeded the father in that city. Me- Crea had complete charge of the funeral of the late President Me- Kinley, at Canton. In 1899, Mr. McCrea and J. L. Arnold organized The Canton Home Furnishing Company, with which concern he was actively engaged at the time of his death on June 30, 1906. Mrs. Mc- Crea is still living.

Frank A. McCrea, son of Hugh D. McCrea, was born in New Castie, Pa., October 24th, 1875. His parents moved to Youngstown in 1879, and later to Canton, where he attended the public schools. Took a three year preparatory course at Georgetown college, after which he entered Yale university, graduating in electrical engineering. On leaving college he accepted a position with The Elwell- Parker Electric company, of Cleveland remaining until the death of his father in 1906 when he returned to Canton succeeding his father in The Canton Home Furnishing Company, one of the largest furniture and carpet houses of eastern Ohio.

Frank McCrea represents the third generation in the furniture business, originally founded by his grandfather, J. B. McCrea in Hanover, in 1849. Sa RoSt

William A. McCrea, was born in Hanover in 1851 and received his education in the schools of the village. His first teacher was Jennie Voglesong, and his first classmate John McDaniel (colored). His vext class, first reader, also was composed of two persons, Francis Archbold being at the head. Two years were spent in the high school under the rigid discipline of the excellent educator, William HH. Dressler.

In 1866, at the age of fifteen years, he took his first lesson in laying the foundation for a future mercantile career, getting a position in the general store of James Hagan, in Dungannon, where he was put through a course of training for two years. In 1868 the wholesale notion house of James Cochran & Co., of Pittsburgh, needed a traveling salesman, and Billy, as he was usually called, although only seventeen years of age applied for the position, obtained it, and by tireless application, succeeded in doing the work of a full-grown, experienced man. He remained in this position for nine years, when the store at Pittsburgh was discontinued on account of the failing health of the proprietor, Mr. Cochran.

After concluding his work at Pittsburgh he started a wholesale notion establishment on his own account in Canton, where since that time without a day's suspension, the business has been going steadily along, its proprietor gaining friends over a wide expanse of territory,

In 1879 Mr. McCrea was married to Mary Dannemiller, who although born and ever passing her life in Canton, has heard so much good of Hanover that she is of the opinion that it 1s the only town

Albert V. Johnson

Albert V. Johnson was born at Salineville, a son of Mr. and Mrs. David Johnson March 20, 1847, coming with his parents to Hanover in early boyhood. He taught school in early manhood, studied law with John and Harvey Morrison, noted barristers of Lisbon in their day, completed a legal course and was admitted to the practice of the profesion in 1876. He established an office in his home town, and though golden opportunities opened he chose to cast his life work in the village. He had exceptional ability, gained wide local practice, and distinction throughout the county and state. He served seventeen years as mayor of the village and for ten years was clerk of the township. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Rezin Fox, and to the marriage were born two daughters, Misses Erma and Verda, the former now a teacher. Mr. Johnson died February 6, 1913.

John D. Archbold

John D. Archbold was born at Leesburg, O., July 26, 1848. With kis parental family he came to Hanover in 1857, his father being the Rey. Israel Archbold, he serving the pastorate of the Methodist church, The father died at Hanover, May 18, 1859.

The family moved from Hanover to Salem and in 1862, the subject of this sketch went to Titusville, Pa., where he was engaged in various branches of the oil business until about 1870 when he assisted in the forming and became part owner of an oil refinery company, known as the Porter, Moreland Co., this refinery being exceptionally successful and prominent in the refining business. About 1874, a movement was undertaken for the combining of different oil refineries into one general company. This was accomplished, being established by the name of the Standard Oil Co. The plant of the Porter, Moreland Co., was included and thus Mr. Archbold became a shareholder in the Standard Oil Co. He was chosen a director of the company at the time of its establishment and has continued a part owner and one of

John Rev. George Voglesong

Rev. George Voglesong was born January 3, 1818 at Oxford, Pa., moving with his widowed mother and her family of eleven children to Columbiana in 1838. He was married to Mrs. Ann S. Kuntz, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. William Hillerman, in 1840, the family home being taken up in Hanover.

In 1844 Rev. Voglesong received his license as a minister and in 1856 was ordained an elder by Bishop J. R. Ames at Salem. For almost half a century he was noted in the history and work of the Methodist church.

In addition to his ministerial work he was the first mail carrier between Hanover and the station; conceived the idea and operaied the horse car mail and passenger service on the little Hanover railread during its history; was the carrier of mail between Hanover and Salem for years.

In May, 1890 Rev. and Mrs. Voglesong celebrated their golden wedding anniversary, their family of seven children being present, to that date there never having been a death in the family circle. Mrs. Voglesong died in April, 1897, and was the first member of the family called by death, her age being near 84. Rev. Voglesong died in 1°01. Beth were buried at Elyria to which place they had moved in 188%.

Rev. George Voglesong John W. Voglesong

John W. Voglesong was born at Hanover in 1850, receiving his education in the Hanover schools and in Mt. Union college. Engaged in business, also editorial pursuits at Elyria where he remained until 1900 when he engaged in manufacturing pursuits for a time with a large Pittsburg concern as manager with offices at St. Louis, Mo. In 1896 went to San Francisco, Cal., where he now resides.

Reverend James Townsend Russell, third son of Anson Henry Russell and Anna Elizabeth Lockard, was born in Cleveland, Ohio, July 24th, 1861. Although he has lived in Hanover but little, not more than four or five years all told, he always looked upon Hanover as "nome." At one time, he attended secondary department in the Hanover school, He had his further preparatory education at the High School of Saginaw, Michigan, and at Mount Morris College, Mount Morris, Illinois. He is an alumnus of Hobart College, Geneva, New York, class of 1890, and of the Bexley Theological School of Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio, class of 1893. In 1901, Hobart College voted hiny an honorary degree of Master of Arts.

In the eighties he achieved some distinction as a dramatic reader and actor, appearing in New York and leading American cities, exust and west, with success; but tastes and inclinations led him back to the church. He was ordained to the Diaconate of the Protestant Fipiscopal church in 1893 and to the priesthood in 1894.

In October, 1894 he married Anna Embury Sheldon, daughter of Henry K. Sheldon and Anna Kissam Embury of Brooklyn, New York. The unicn has been blessed by three sons, but one of whom survives, James Townsend Russell, Jr., born August 20th, 1902.

Mr. Russell has been rector of three parishes: Trinity Church, Warren, Penna., St. Matthias' Church, Brooklyn, N. Y., and St. Thomas' Church, Brooklyn, N. Y. In 1905 he was made Archdeacon of Brooklyn. In 1908 he withdrew from active church work, but still maintains connection with various church activities. He is Rector Emeritus of St. Thomas' Church, a member of the Cathedral Council of the National Cathedral, Washington, D. C., a member of the executive committee of the American Church Congress, trustee of Keynon College, and is associated in other church and mission work. He is cathedral lecturer of Washington Cathedral, lecturer of Kenyon College, and lecturer at the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences.

He is a member of the Hamilton Club, The Crescent Athletic Club, the Riding and Driving Club, and the Twentieth Century Club, of Brooklyn, N. Y., the Players Club of New York, the Chevy Chase CJub of Washington, the Binghamton Club and the Binghamton Country Club, of Binghamton, N. Y., and the Montrose Country Club of Montrose, Pennsylvania. He is a member of the Archaeological Socity of America and National Geographical Society of Washington.

Frank A. Arter

Son of David and Charlotte Laffer Arter, born March 8, 1841; attended school in Hanover under Christina Sloan, Aditha Hillerman, Levi Markham, Professors Seymour, Witherow, Breckinridge and W. H. Dressler.

Left Hanover in August, 1859. Spent three months at Richmond College, Richmond, Ohio. Afterward taught school for a year in Unionport. Earned enough money teaching to go through Allegheny College, Meadville, Pa., graduating in June, 1864. In spring of 1863 was called home on account of illness of his father, and accepted a place in the Hanover school, to fill out the unexpired term of Prof. W. H. Dressler.

After graduation expected to enter the profession of law, intending to teach for a year or two and read law combining the two. No school such as he desired, opened at the time, so he read Blackstone's Commentaries at home. Spent three years, while attending college, within thirty miles of the then great oil fields of Oil Creek, but owing to searcity of funds never visited the wonders of oildom.

Sitting with a group of men one evening, late in December, a man remarked, "I wish I could find some one to go down to the oil region for me a couple of weeks." Arter responded immediately, "Pay my expenses and I will go." The answer came back at once, "Pack your satchel and start tomorrow morning. Here is money to pay car fare; report at Rouseville, Pa. on Oil Creek." Mr. Arter staid his two weeks and finally over eighteen months. In the meantime he caught the "oil craze', and on July 3rd, 1866, with two others, went to Cleveland and built a small refinery. In the excitement of the oil craze, Mr. Arter's aspirations for law had vanished, and since he has led a very active business life, until within a few years.

He has always identified himself with the Methodist church, and has been honored five times with an election as delegate to the General Conference of the church, which meets every four years. He is known all over the world by the missionaries of his church, as |} * has been a very liberal supporter of the Mission cause.

He has been an extensive traveler, having visited Egypt, asceading the Nile several hundred miles, visiting the tombs of the Phaiaobs, the ruins of Ancient Thebes, the Pyramids, and many other ruins; visited Palestine, Jerusalem, the Dead Sea, the Jordan, Bethlehem, and all the principal Bible places; has been in Damascus, Constantinople, Athens, Greece, Rome, and cities in Southern Europe. In 1906 took a trip around the world, visiting more particularly India, Burmah, Malasia, Java, China, Corea, and Japan. In 1910 he took in northern Hurope and was in London when King Edward died, and witnessed the great pageant at his funeral. He visited Wales, Ireay lend, Scotland, Norway, up to North Cape, witnessing the marvelous sight of the midnight sun, thence down through Sweden to Stockholm, Denmark, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Belgium and Holland.

Recently he visited Cuba, Jamaica, Panama, Venezuela, Trinidad, Barbadoes, Martinique, Porto Rico, and the Bermuda Islands. With the completion of the Panama Canal, he expects to visit South America and Australia. He will then have visited nearly all the countries of the globe. He has lived a quiet, unassuming life, yet exerted an influence that reaches around the world.

He is director in the First National Bank, Cleveland, director in the Cleveland Steamship Company, the Cleveland Life Insurance Company, director in the Land Title Abstract Company, vice-president of the Children's Aid society, president of the board of trustees of Allegheny College, a director in St. Luke's hospital, treasurer of the North-east Ohio Conference Annuity Fund, president of the Laymen's Association of the North-east Ohio Conference, member of the Phi Kappa Psi and Phi Beta Kappa fraternities; also a member of the Chamber of Commerce, the Union, Colonial, Wickliffe on Lake and Willow Wick Clubs.

J. Charles Arter

Distinquished artist; born Hanover September 1, 1856; ability as a painter noted in early boyhood. Studied in art school in Chicago; was in Academy Juliene, Paris, France, ten years; exhibited paintings at all great world exhibitions; at Paris Salon, France; London Royal Academy; Munich, Switzerland; Berlin, Germany. Made first European paintings ever in Japan; painted two years in Japan; 29 years in Venice, Italy. First American ever granted honor to paint portrait of the great head of the Catholic church, this of Pope Pius IX in 1906. So gratified was Pope Pius with the work that he added blessing and benediction upon the artist in these words: 'May the Most High God grant you His every favor and blessing.' Mr. Arter suffered a stroke of paralysis in 1906 this materially retarding his brilliant career. His home at present is in New York City.

Norman Arter

Norman Arter was born at Hanover, November 24, 1862, being a a son of A. R. Arter, for years a Hanover merchant. In March 1887, he went to San Francisco, California, where he was employed as salesman and manager with Goldberg, Bowen & Co., the largest wholesale and retail grocery firm on the Pacific coast, remaining with them for 20 years.

Following the great San Francisco fire in 1896, the firm of L. D. McLean & Co., was organized, Mr. Arter becoming its vice president. This firm has been most successful, doing immense business, and having two of the finest stores in the city. Mr. Arter is a charter member of the Ohio society of California, the second man to sign the charter and at present is its first vice president. This society was organized in 1896.

Allie Pritchard Coleman

Born Muscatine, Iowa, April 16, 1856. Moved with parents to Hanover in infancy, 13 years of her life being passed there; married Rey. F. M. Coleman in Iowa, 1878; moved to California, 1905 where with husband owns fruit ranch in Santa Clara Valley; three sons,

Miss Grace Nicholas

Miss Grace Nicholas, daughter Oliver Perry and Susan Zepernick Nicholas, born Hanover, 1854; studied music early years at Oberlin; active in church and temperance work; teacher of Sunday school class many years; organist M. KE, church 15 years. Still living

Alcinus Perry Nicholas

Born New Alexander, June 17, 1842; second son, Oliver Perry and Susan Zepernick Nicholas, family coming to Hanover, 1849; early education Hanover; clerk Lodge & Zepernick bank at Lisbon; in business in Pennsylvania, later at Omaha, Neb. Died in hospital at Hastings, Neb., 1902.

Daughter of John and Elizabeth Brown, born Hanover, 1817, all her life being passed in Hanover and vicinity. Married William Ehrhart, 1842, seven children born of the union. Died 1904, aged 87 years 15 days.

Mrs. Ellen N. Ross

Daughter of William S. and Rachel Gaston Manfull; born at Augusta, March 22, 1829, her father being one of first settlers in Augusta township. Married at 18 to Hezekiah Bost, one child being born of the union. Following Mr. Bost's death, she engaged in millinery business following the work at Salineville, Hanover, Uhrichsville and Alliance. Later married I. N. Ross of Alliance. Still living, home in Alliance. Widow for number of years.

Mrs. Mary Hall

Daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Rhodes, born in Hanover November 22, 1826. Was married in Hanover to Alexander W. Hall, in 1848. To the union six children were born, three sons and three daughters. Two sons and two daughters still living. Mrs. Hall died in March 1906,

Son of Mr. and Mrs. Price Keith; born January 30, 1807, many years residing in and near Hanover. Farmer by vocation. Faithful member of Christian church. Died August 1, 1894.

Thomas Henson Keith Mrs. T. Henson Keith

Mrs. Margaret Keith, wife of Thomas Henson Keith was a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. James McBride and was born April 16, 1813. She died March 31, 1895.

Charity McDaniel Reeder Tobin was born at Fairfield, Il. December 19, 1844; was left an orphan at age of two years, and was then reared by her uncle and aunt, Mr. and Mrs. Henson Keith, at Hanover.

Morris Tobin

Born in Pennsylvania March 4, 1840; son of Francis and Mary Ann Tobin; enlisted for service in civil war at Salem; was in battles of Harrisburg, Manasses, Fredericksburg, Bull Run, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg; lost right arm at Gettysburg; married Charity M. Reeder, May 8&8, 1866; engaged mercantile business; assistant postmaster for time at Millport; postmaster at Kensington under President Cleveland, first administration. Number of years connected in mercantile work in Alliance, where he now lives.

Peter Ruth, resident of Hanover from 1858 to his death with the ushering in of the New year of 1881: was a descendant of a Revolutionary family, born at Sinking Springs, Pa, July 29, 1794. Member Military company, Laneaster county Light Dragoons, reviewed General Lafayette 1824. Began business as a dry goods merchant at Reamstown, Pa., 1820-1823; candidate at one time for Pennsylvania legislature; moved Osnaburg, O. 1836; in hotel business there 13 years; dry goods merchant with his son William at New Chambersburg 1849-1858, when moved to Hanover retiring from active work. An ancestor, Melchor Ruth, came to America in 1600.

Mrs. Peter Ruth

Keziah Regar Ruth, wife of Peter Ruth, was born at Adamstown, Pa., May 28, 1800. Of the marriage union of Mr. and Mrs. Ruth twelve children were born, William, Jacob, Matilda, Henry, Catharine, Hmma, Jefferson, Alonzo and Rufus. Mrs. Augustus Kountze, of New York City, Henry sR. Ruth and Rutus *C. Ruth of Alliance, are the only members of the family yet living. Mrs. Ruth died in Hanover February 11, 1879.

Clara Haines Sutton, grand-daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Peter Ruth, resides at Oil City, Pa. Mrs. Sutton is a talented entomologist, receiving instructions in the work from Prof. Lamb, pioneer of Hanover. Eas one of finest collections of specimens known in the world, of which there are many butterflies and moths procured in the fields

Jackson Cg, Carrington

Harriet Babcock Carrington, daughter Kdmond and _ Lurea Bates Babcock, born Ravenna, Jan. 8, 1827; married to Jackson D, Carrington January 5, 1854; two children born of union: Jennie (died 1874) and Mrs. Nettie Whitla of Alliance, with carriage building trade at Rayvenna; worked with Henry Walser at Hanover; moved Alliance 1864 forming partnership in business there with Joel Caris; died New Castle, Pa., February 2, 1900.

Edwin Dutton

Born Philadelphia, Pa., February 138, 1823; came to Columbiana county with parents when 9 years old; married Elizabeth Clarke, 1851; railway station agent at Hanover Station, now Kensington, 1855-1866; county treasurer 1866-1870; member state board equalization 1870- 1871. Died February 28, 1910.

Joel B. Taylor, now retired, for many years was identified with the business interests of Hanover. He was born in Salem March 24, 1825, the son of Anthony and Abigail Taylor who came to Salem from New Jersey in 1814. In 1840 the family came to New Garden, where the father engaged in the manufacture of the iron plow known as the Taylor plow, the first iron plow made in this section of country.

On September 11, 1845, Mr. Taylor was married to Miss Martha Isabelle Lamb and in 1860 moved to Hanover. He served as a soldier in the civil war, enlisting in 1862 with the Third Ohio Independent Battery. For a time worked at the wagon making trade and at age of 54 took up printing, publishing first paper the village ever had. Servedas mayor, trustee of township and justice of the peace. To Mr. Taylor's first marriage thirteen children were born. Mrs. Taylor died in 1895. He later married Mrs. Laura Hively, she dying in 1903. He later again niarried Miss Mary Pettit Hendricks. It is Mr. and Mrs. Taylor's pictures that appear in connection with the home.

William Lewis Parthe And Family

William Lewis Parthe, a skilled boot and shoe maker by trade was born in Kenisbrich, Saxony, in 1833. He came from his native land to Cleveland, O., when a young man landing with but three shillings in his pocket. To take him to the place he desired to go, an escort took him in a detour way, bringing him almost back to the starting point charging him two shillings leaving him with but one shilling to begin life in the new world. After remaining in Cleveland for a time he went to Akron and here he was married to Miss Minnie Prange, and in 1857 moved to Hanover, engaging in the boot and shoe making aud mercantile trade and remaining until 1874, when he moved to Alliance, continuing in the same business there up to the time of death. He was most successful in business and ever an honored man, during his residence in Hanover serving for some years as township treasurer and in a number of municipal offices. He died November 25, 1900. Mrs. William Lewis Parthe was born in Germany in 1839, and died December 14, 1904. To Mr. and Mrs. Parthe were born seven children, as follows: - Charles Parthe, born in Hanover in 1857, died in Alliance September 30, 1912; William, born at Hanover in 1860, now living in Akron; Ed. J., born at Hanover 1863, living in Alliance; Mrs. May Dickinson, born Hanover 1868, now residing in Denver, Col.; Estella, born Hanover 1872, died when a little more than one year old; Mrs. Lillian Bowen, born Alliance 1875, now in Chicago and Robert L., born Alliance 1877.

George Brown

Born at Hanover October 5, 1826 his: boyhood years being passed on the farm. Learned carpenter trade, following this in connection with carpenter contracting to about 1875 when he engaged in the undertaking business, following this almost up to time of death. Married Mary, daughter of Jesse and Emily Sinclair. Nine children born of union, Attorney John J.. George D., Mrs. Gertrude Jackson, Mrs. Kittie Jackson, Mrs. Lida McCleery, Mrs. Olive Caster, Mrs. Minnie Totten, Mrs. Jessie Taylor and Miss Ada Brown. All his life passed at Hanover. Died September 10, 1912.

Joseph Hudd

Born Stratford-on-Avon, KEngland, November 18, 1817; came with wife to America at age of 21, locating at Elkton, east of Lisbon; came to Hanover 1864, operating Kensington Woolen Mills for 35 years; member M. E. church, always interested and active in its work; leader choir and Sunday school superintendent for years; of sterling honor and integrity. Died Alliance, O., November 10, 1896.

Miss Anna Sinclair

Born Hanover; daughter of L. W. and Sade Sinclair, studied Mt. Union college; at present teacher in Hanover schools where she has taught a number of terms.

Born September 7, 1827 in log cabin in Center township but was reared in Hanover township. Offered services as a soldier in war with Mexico but not accepted, county's quoto for the army being full. Worked at all kinds of labor; drove cart in deep tunnel approach in excavating of Sandy and Beaver canal. Entered St. Mary's Seminary at Cleveland September, 18, 1849; ordained a priest July 8, 1865, celebrating first mass and preaching at Dungannon Catholic church, his home parish, the Sunday following; served charges at Doylestown, Canal Fulton, Marshallville, Canton, New Berlin, Alliance, Leetonia und missions of Salem and Hast Palestine. Appointed chaplain U. S. A. by President Hayes June 29, 1880, approved by Bishop Gilmour; retired from active army duty at age of 64. Following served pastorates at Dungannon, again at Doylestown, Milton and Sterling, St. Peters in Rootstown. Noted lecturer and speaker. Still living at age of 86 being at present chaplin of St. Ann's hospital, Cleveland, O.

Jacob Lindesmith

Son of Jacob and Barbara Walser Lindesmith was born on a farm near Hanover January 4, 1834; at age of 16, became apprentice at harness, collar and saddlery trade with Benj. Wright; after completing trade worked in New Jersey and Cleveland. In 1855 began _ busiiness for himself at Hanover; married September 19, same year, to Catharine M. Stewart. In 1865 moved to Alliance. Fine mechanic, an occasional harness made by him still to be found at this date. Died June 19, 1900.

Catharine M. Stewart Lindesmith, was daughter of William and Mary Stewart, natives of Londonderry, Ireland, the father making several trips to United States when young man before making it his home, bringing flaxseed to American market. Mrs. Lindesmith born New York City March 25, 1832. Soon following birth parents moved to Ohio settling near St. Paul's Catholic church, east of Dungannon. To marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Lindesmith were born four children, John FH. (died 1894) Francis J. (died 1898) Daniel J., William S. and Mary B., Mrs. Lindesmith died October 27,

Mr And Mrs. William S, Lindesmith

William S. Lindesmith was born in Hanover September 20, 1856, the oldest of a family of five children born to Jacob and Catharine Stewart Lindesmith.

With his parents he came to Alliance in June of 1865, where he learned the harness making trade in all its branches and on March 20, 1877 established a harness, hardware and leather goods store for himself building up a successful business. In 1910 he erected a new building known as the Lindesmith block, which he now occupies, the site being the same as that of the first store. Mr. Lindesmith is a member of St. Joseph's Catholic church, Knights of Columbus, Catholic Mutual Benefit Association and The Knight's of St. John.

Mr. Lindesmith was married June 10, 1880 to Adaline M, Olott, daughter of Louis and Catharine Olott, of Paris, two children being born of the the union, Miss Blanche A. a teacher in the Alliance schools, and Stewart W. who is associated with the father in business. Mrs, Lindesmith died February 21, 1913.

Mr. And Mrs. John Gore

John Gore was born in Hanover, December 16, 1848. In 1871 he moved to Beaver Falls, Pa., September 25, 1872 he was married to Sara M. Fleeson at New Brighton, Pa., and to them were born three children, M. E. Gore, of Springfield, I1]., Mrs. Anna Kaney of Tarentum, Pa., and J. W. Gore, of Beaver Falls, Pa.

Mrs. Elizabeth Pennock

Born in West township her maiden name being Colestock. Resided in Hanover 1859 to 1864; attended school and followed dressmaking; taught school near Salem, and later became clerk in store in that city; came to Alliance, 1866; married Morris C. Pennock 1869; still living in Alliance her age being 79 years,

Mrs Elizabeth Pennock Mrs. Catharine G. Smith

Born in West township, her maiden name beiog Celestock. At one time a resident of Hanover. Married to Dr., George Smith, many years a leading physician of Alliance. VPesides with her sister, Vrs. M. (',. Pennock in Alliance

Born in Hanover where she resided until marriage, following which the home was made in Cleveland. At husband's death returned to Hanover to reside with and care for her aged father and mother.

Ruth Emma Melbourne

Number of years resident of Hanover. Born Waynesburg, Oct. 10, 1862, second daughter of John and Caroline Hardesty. Died Alljance, O., Oct. 23, 1910. Two daughters, Mrs. C. F. Kirchner and Miss Faye Melborne, surviving.

Jefferson W. Pettit

Son of Andrew Pettit, gunsmith, who accidentally shot himself dying of injuries Jan. 1, 1852; born near Hanover 1845; remained on farm with mother until 1868, then taking employment with carriage manufacturing firm at West Unity, remaining 18 years, Grocer and drug business for a time; served as clerk of courts Williams county; appraiser of realty 1900; now following trade of painter and decorator. Married Lydia Webb; three children.

Francis Marion Williams

Born Hanover 1830, son of William Williams, first postmaster at Hanover; moved with parents to Wé&lliamsport, now part of Alliance in early life; followed farming. Now retired and residing in Toledo. Twice married; five chiidren

Mary Reeder Todd

Maiden name Maria Shister; born near North Georgetown, 1825; married David Sheets, 1848; two children,.Galen A. Sheets, former auditor Columbiana county and Mrs. Loretta E. Garrigues. David Sheets died 1864. In 1873 married Thomas Ball; resided Hanover 30 years. Died September 8, 1911 aged 86. Thomas. Ball died June 1884.

Mary Reeder born Pennsylvania August 25, 1798; came to Hanover with parents at age of 8 years; married Owen Williams, early postmaster of Hanover; husband died in 1837; became wife of Samuel Todd 1840; died Hanover April 15, 1881.

PHILIP VOGLESONG. Philip Voglesong, born Columbiana December 9, 1832; grocer at Hanover many years, soldier civil war; died January 3, 1866.

Mrs. Philip Voglesong William G. Voglesong

Kittie Voglesong, born Hanover, February 27, 1862; seamstress, learning trade with Ray & Scotland, merchant tailors at Hanover; died April 18, 1889.

Dora Voglesong, born Hanover, December 23, 1864; studied Mt. Union College; became teacher at 17, following vocation during life; died April 18, 1892. These sisters died at same age on same day of month, at same hour of day, and of same disease, consumption. Both repose in Hanover cemetery.

William G. Voglesong

Born Hanover September 28, 1859. Early life passed there; employed at tinshop, iron roofing, etc., with H. J. Hillerman. Began railroading at 22, with Pennsylvania as brakeman, Wellsville to Cleveland; transferred to Ft. Wayne-Chicago railway 1883; passenger conductor since 1901 with run _ between Pittsburgh and Crestline. Residence Alliance.

Galen A. Sheets And Family

Galen A. Sheets, born at New Middleton, Butler township, July 22, 1853; came to Hanover in youth; graduate commercial department Mt. Union College, 1871; entered railway office employ at Kensington later becoming agent at that point for the company; served also as agent at Wellsville and at Alliance. Engaged in hardware trade in Hanover in 1893; auditor of county 1905 to time of death, Feb. 1908, soon after beginning second term of office.

Miss Etta Black, daughter Mr. and Mrs. Emory Black, born near Hanover, April 12, 1855, married to Galen A. Sheets, March 28, 1885. Lives with her daughter in Lisbon,

Olin Sheets, son of Mr. and Mrs, Galen A. Sheets, born in Hanover, April 19, 1894; accidentally shot at Lisbon, dying from wound in Alliance hospital, July 20, 1910.

William Faloon Mrs, Eliza Faloon

Mrs. Eliza Faloon, wife of William Faloon, was born in Ireland, coming to America with her parental family, settling in Pittsburg. After marriage moved to Salineville, and later to Hanover. Died at Hanover December 26, 1888, aged 80 years Good Christian woman, mother and friend,

William Faloon, born in County Antrim, Ireland May 2, 1798; came to United States 1819; lived at Carlisle, Pa., 17 years then moved to Salineville; married to Eliza Philpott March 18, 1834; came to Hanover 1866. Died at Hanover December 2, 1888. Farmer all his life, prosperous and successful. Three sons living at time of death, William H., Samuel H., and Joseph S. Faloon,

Mrs. Eliza Faloon Samuel H. And Ella Merrick Faloon

Samuel H. Faloon was born near Salineville in 1843; soldier Civil war; came with parents to Hanover, 1866; married Ella Merrick, 1870, the home life being taken up on a farm north of the village. Died April 1, 1894. Mrs. Ella Faloon was born near Hanover in 1850; teacher in early life. Still living.

Mrs. L. O. Frantz

Mrs. Lida J. Faloon Frantz, was born at Hanover February 7, 1873, a daughter of Samuel H. and Ella Merrick Faloon. Educated township and High school at Hanover and Ohio Normal University at Ada. Graduate of Art department Mt. Union College.

Born at Salem May 4, 1871; early education received in Salem schools; took up the study of dentistry and received state certificate to practice, December, 1898. Engaged in practice of his profession in Hanover from October 1899 to April 1902, when he located in Alliance. Married to Miss Lida J, Faloon, of Hanover, February 23, 1899.

Mr. And Mrs. Charles H. Swearingen

Charles H. Swearingen was born at Hanover Station August 27, 565, and moved with parents to Hanover village, obtaining education in old Union school house. Clerk Penna, Railway Co.; also with D. B. Turlipseed in business at Kensington 1884-1886. With Union Pacific railway engineering corps running line from Omaha to Cheyenne, Wyoming, and two years later with party making survey from Salt Lake City to Pioche, Neb.; clerk for a time in grocery at Omaha; returned to Hanover 1891, taking place in store with his father and brother, H. H. and A. E. Swearingen. At death of father in 1898 became associated with brother in business, succeeding him in 1903; still continues the

M. H. Ruble

Hanover liveryman and mail carrier Hanover to Kensington; son of Eden Reeder, born on farm near Hanover July 18, 1873 assumed charge of farm at father's election as county commissioner 1903. Purchased livery barn, Hanover, and began cCarrying mail, 1910. Built new livery barn 1913.

M.-H. Ruble

M. H. Ruble was born near Centerville, Pa., May 5, 1868, his parents being Hiram and Martha Ruble. In 1888 Mr. Ruble came to Ohio, taking work near Winona he following the occupation of a farmer, sawmill man and thresher. In 1904 he moved to Hanover purchasing the flouring mill which he still operates. In 1912 he was elected mayor of the village an office he _ still helds.

Emmet Reeder Curtis C. Williams

Born at Hanover, Columbiana County, Ohio, August 13th, 1861, a son of Dr. Richard G. Williams and Elmira Frost Williams, his parents both natives of Columbiana county. He attended public schools of Alliance and Mt. Union College, graduating from Mt. Union college in 1888. Was engaged in school work being principal of schools at Northfield for two years. Admitted to the practice of law June 1886. Began practice of law in Columbus immediately and has resided in that city continuously since then. Was elected Prosecuting Attorney of Franklin county in 1891 and after serving as prosecutor was elected common pleas judge in the Columbus District in the year 1897. He retired from the bench May Ist, 1903, and resumed the practice of the law in which he is still engaged. In 1898 he and Margaret Owen of Columbus were married. They have five children, two sons and three daughters.

Marion D. Merrick

Marion D. Merrick, son of John and Jane (Rish) Merrick, was born April 27, 1865, and reared on farm two miles west of Hanover. In 1870 his father died, leaving his mother, his older brothers, Milton and William and sister Ellen (now Mrs. Faloon) and himself and younger brother, John Newton. He received his primary and high school education at Wild Duck Valley, Buzzards Glory, and Hanover Union Schools. Was graduated from the Ohio Northern University in 1886. Afterwards he taught in the schools at Dungannon, Kensington and in 1888 became superintendent of the Hanover union schools. Was graduated from the law department of Cincinnati College and admitted to the bar in 1891. Has lived and practiced at Toledo, Ohio, since January 1892. Has been twice married. He has one son William Johnston Merrick, of the first marriage.

Charles Strahm

Many years resident of Hanover township. One of men assisting in establishing and maintaining mail route in early years between Hanover and Salem. Born near New Garden, March 1, 1828. Followed work of butchering in early life; later, farming, and timber and lumber dealer. Died December 8, 1911. Three children, Mrs. W. H. Merrick, Frank M. and Jesse S. Strahm.

Samuel M. Burson

Born February 6, 1857 on a farm two miles northwest of Hanover, a son of Abraham and Nancy Burson; parents came from Greene county, Pa, to near Winona in 1802, Pharmacist and druggist. In business in Hanover 1878-1887, 1898 to present time; still continues' the work. Engaged in realty business in Cleveland 1887-1898. A man of splendid business and literary ability. Never married.

Son of Isaac and Martha Miller, born Hanover township September 18438; farmer by vocation; commissioner of county; married Eliza J., daughter Hezekiah and Hannah Woolf. Four daughters born of union: Mrs. David P. Conser, Mrs. Clifford Humphrey, Miss Ida (died 1907) and Miss Anna, still at home (Further biography, page 55.)

Clothing merchant of Hanover, Born at North Georgetown February 11, 1840; fifty years of life engaged in sale of dry goods and clothing; in the work at Minerva, 9 years; in Alliance 27 years; in Kensington 5 years; in Hanover 7 years.

Joseph B. Ray

Merchant tailor of Hanover, 1875-1886. Born Lancaster county, Pa., Feb. 21, 1844; son of Henry and Mary Ray, coming to Ohio with parents in early life, settling three miles south Hanover. Soldier civil war 104th O. V. I.; took mercantile course becoming traveling salesman, following same until 1875; married Mary Catharine Johnson, Aug. 11, 1867; died March 30, 1886.

Born Hanover township December 17, 1861; limited school education; coal miner at 2): sawmill and farm in early maiihood. Married at 29 to Miss Melissa Benner of New Chambersburg; editor Sebring, O. News 1902-1907. Few months with Mahoning Dispatch, 1903: associate editor Ohio Patriot at Lisbon September 1909 to December, 1910. Now member Alliance Review staff.

Mrs. G. W. Kunkle John And Sarah E. Jackman

John M. Jackman was a son of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Jackman, pioneers of Columbiana county, Mrs. Jackman a daughter of Rev. and Mrs. George Voglesong. Mr. Jackman was a farmer by occupation, Mrs. Jackman in early life a teacher. Much of the married life was passed on a farm at Adair, lowa. Mr. Jackman died Oct, 1890. Mrs. Jackman, with two sons, George Henry and Dr. Louis James Jackman, now live in Cleveland while a third son, Gilbert Haven Jackman still lives on a farm in Iowa. Mrs. Jackman was born at Hanover May 12, 1843.

Mrs. William A. Davis

Malissa Voglesong Davis, born Hanover, Jan. 10, 1843; teacher in early life, three years Salem union schools; teacher 21 terms in all. Became wife of William A. Davis at Hanover 1869.

William A. Davis, machinist and electrician, born near Patmos, Noy. 22, 1842. Learned trade Buckeye Engine works, Salem; in charge electric plants Indianapolis 8 years, Phoenix, Ariz., and California four years; returned Ohio 1904, settled on farm near Beloit, where now lives.

Mrs. William A. Davis Wessie A. Woods

Daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Daniel Voglesong; born MHanover March 18, 1845; married James Woods, machinist of Alliance, he dying in 1889. Publisher of "History of Hanover" in 1908; also "History of Hanover," 1913. Two children, Jesse Woods, and Mrs. Kittie Allen.

Jesse E. Woods, son of James and Wessie A. Woods, was born in Salem, August 2, 1874. Electrician by vocation. Married Miss Grace McGuire, daughter of William and Mary McGuire, of Youngstown. One son Robert, born Auguse 21, 1904. Home in Youngstown,

Laura Haldeman

Daughters of Adam and Hliza Haldeman born at Hanover, both now living at Toledo. Laura has a fine position as a cashier iu one of the business houses cf that city while Cora is a gra'- uate nurse.

Born at Lisbon February 12, 1833; came to Hanover 1844; drove cart for three years during building of Sandy & Beaver canal, boatman on canal 1851- 1854. Druggist, conducting store in village some years; postmast- 1869-1871 and 18738; stock dealer, contractor; still living.

William Lockard

Born Lisburn, Ireland, 1810, coming with parents to Hanover 1817; blacksmith by trade; passed his life at the forge in the village; died May 15, 1899.

The old Lockard home, now occupied by a grand daughter and husband, Mr. and Mrs. W. S. Ramsey, is site where stood the log cabin home of the pioneer Lockard family.

Mrs. Sarah Lockard

Mrs. Sarah Lockard, wife of William Lockard, born April 13, 1813; daughter John and Anna McBride; twelve children born of marriage union; Mrs. Lockard died May 1900.

Rev Joseph Kreusch

Rev. Joseph Carl Kreusch, born Treves, Prussia; attended University of Bohn, Germany; came America 1858, settling in Hanover; blacksmith by trade; entered Western Theological seminary 1874, becoming minister Presbyterian church. First sermon preached at Hanover, his home church; served pastorates Lowellville, East Palestine, Niles, New Philadelphia, Somerset, Pa. Died January 23, 19064.

Dry goods merchant in Hanover during sixties. Born Carroll county 1842, educated Hanover high school; soldier civil war, Co. G 21st O. V. I. In battles Stone River, Murfreesboro and others; teach in early life. Moved Iowa 1867. Became cashier in bank at West Union holding place 23 years; served as National Bank examiner of Iowa; married 1872 to Sarah Blizabeth Dickey; member Presbyterian church, and masonic order, with rank of Knight Templar. Died at his post of duty Nov. 12, 1908.

Sarah Elizabeth Dickey Shaw, daughter of Rev. James W. and, Klizabeth Eaton Dickey; was born in Venango county, Pa., August 25, 1854. Of the marriage union of Mr. and Mrs. Shaw two children were born, Claude Harold, who died _ september 2, 1881, and Elizabeth Blanch now the wife of Carl Evans of West Union, Iowa; Mrs. Shaw is still living.

Old Bus

OLD BUS Purchased by Taylor Temple, liveryman, in 1875 in New York City, its cost being $754 including freight. It plied the line between Hanover and Kensington with mails and passengers for 30 years, when it was sold for junk.

Kensington-Hanover Station

What is now Kensington came into.being upon the completion of the Cleveland and Pittsburg railway in 1852 a tract of land being platted as a village site by William Holland and Robert Miller. and the place called Maysville in honor of Samuel May Holland who owned the land. In railway enterprise however the place was known as Hanover Station and so remained for more than twenty years. A confusion of the names of Maysville, Marysville, Hanover and Hanoverton in shipping and mail matter led to the changing of the name of village, postoffice and station to Kensington, this change being made in December 1876. Even after the change for a few years passenger conductors in calling the station trom trains would do so by speaking of it as Kensington-Hanover. As time passed the name Hanover as applied to the station became less frequently used and finally was dropped.

The first station and passenger agent was Jacob Dutton, he also opening the first store in the village. Jacob Dutton was agent until 1855 when he was succeeded by his son, Edwin Dutton, who remained in charge until his election as treasurer of the county in 1866. Oliver Miller then became agent and remained until 1890, a period of 24 years when he retired. From 1890 to 1894 Frank Leonard was in charge of station work being succeeded by Charles 8. Kugler who remained until 1904 when he accepted and took charge of the office at Bayard. Waller A. Fox then became agent for the company and is still the official in charge.

Mr. Fox has been connected with the station work at Kensington since 1889, being first in the company's employ as a telegraph operater. The illustration is a spiendid view of the railway depot, the man noted in connection with the picture being that of Mr. Fox. Of the six agents since the building of the road in 1852, Jacob Dutton, Edwin Dutton, Oliver Miller and Walter A. Fox were Hanover men.

Speaking from a standpoint of after life isn't it curious how one's fancies of himself, as well as of his childhood associates, shift and veer. How few of us have turned out to be what in childhood's hours we thought we were going to be.

True, I had greatly admired the wonderful book-learning of Professor Dressler and overheard some of the algebra and Latin recitations of his advanced "foreign" students, the Frosts, the Grahams, the Bursons' Amos Casselman and others; listened with rapt attention to the orations in Hanover literary society, as well as original poems, witty writings, jokes and sarcasm of its active and able participants, such as Robert Raley, Maggie Sloan, Laura Yates, Harp Black, Jas. H., and Jonathan Weaver, Frank A. Arter, Emmet Lockard, "Dal" Graham, Del. Haldeman, the Lockard girls, Lena and Wessie, and the Voglesongs, Jennie, Melissa, Wessie, Mary and Sarah. I won- Gered what more could a boy hope for in life than to acquire such wonderful store of knowledge as possessed by these great scholars.

It remained, however, for the stirring times of '61, the firing on of Fort Sumter, and the call to arms, to convince me that I was called to the patriotic sphere of action of becoming a soldier. Two young for regular enlistment, I hoped and watched for opportunity to secure favor with some recruiting officer who might waive the little deficieney of over five years in my age. My schoolmates, George Pearce and Jim Johnson, only two or three years by senior, had deserted high school and successfully enlisted, and I must go; | must wear the blue. My opportunity seemed to come with recruiting of the Third Ohio Battery, and promised by the officer that I should go, I beat the snare drum faithfully, days and evenings, to aid in stirring up patriotism for those rallying calls. Green Swearingen was orderly sergeant, my hero for the time, and upon him I relied to insure me final safe enlistment and sure escape from home. But my fond hopes were shattered at the last moment when my father told me that he would relieve me of the drum when the men started for camp, - and he did.

The disappointment was great, and my only opportunity to be a soldier, or anything like a soldier, came on that Sunday of excitement of the Morgan raid, when I escaped Sunday school, and, securing entrenchment behind a large double tombstone in the Methodist graveyard, armed with Uncle John Hastings' lJong-barrelled shot-gun, 14 waited and waited for the coming that way of the rebel horde. But the fiery freebooter had changed his course three miles out, and it was left to those older recruits, like Jack Henry, Ed. Strohn, Uriah Smith, and Father Voglesong, with the thousands of citizens from all quarters, to completely stop the Morgan raiders at near Gavers, a few miles east. So my anticipated soldier's career went glimmering, and the only one now of known military bearing in my family is a son who holds a lieutenant's commission which renders him subject to call by Uncle Sam in case wanted for emergency service.

The realities of war were brought home to our Hanover people when the news came of Madison Whitacre having been slain in battle, soon after his battery - the Third Ohio - had left for the front, and later when his body was brought home for burial. Another casuality in the ranks was when Lon Sinclair had his right hand badly mutilated by the premature explosion of a hand-grenade he was attempting to throw, at Vicksburg. The union and rebel armies lay so closely together during the siege that the soldiers could, by hand, throw bombs of destruction into the opposing camp, And Lon spent his furlough at home while the wound healed. Cousin Madison Hillerman came home from battle with a confederate bullet in his breast from which he died soon after. His funeral cast a gloom over the whole community, attended as it was by many having sons or brothers at the front whose bodies might even then be lying on battlefield or in hospital. A most impressive feature of the services, which brought tears to the eyes of everyone present, was the singing by Ollie Vernon, in that most sympathetic and sweet alto voice of hers, of the popular northern war-song, a part of one stanza of which was: -

"We sent them forth to fight for that flag Their fathers before them bore." And the chorus: - "Brave boys are they, Gone at their country's eall, And yet, and yet, we cannot forget That many brave boys must fall."

In due course our own Professor Dressler, yielding to the patriotic impulse, returned from a hasty visit to the Alliance recruiting station clad in a suit of army blue, and he cheerfully explained to his admiring and inquiring friends, "And I goes and fights mit Sigel,"

The climax of it all came when, in the midst of bonfires and general rejoicing over the surrender of Lee at Appomattox, and the close of the war, came the announcement of Lincoln's assassination. Our hilarity was instantly changed to grief, the bonfires left to smoul-

My experience as snare drummer stood me in hand after the war as a member of the far-famed Hanover Silver Cornet Band, ably tutered by Prof. Fred Olnhausen. Louie Parthe, Will Sinclair, Tom Fox, and John Whitacre played the cornets, Lon Sinclair, Rodney Milner and the Melbournes, Rezin, Lew and Chalkley, the intermediates; Joel Winder the great tuba and "Sett' Fox the big bass drum. The aggregation was rather a jolly one on the road, and always interesting,. The ex-soldiers of the bunch often had a good war story on tap, while Joel Winder could always sing, you know, and tell a story, too.

Speaking of the road south from Hanover reminds me that at the crossing of the C. & P. track near the "deep cut" is where that neryous bob-tailed horse of good old Doctor Robertson became so frightened at an on-coming engine that it stopped with the buck-board squarely on the track, giving the doctor only time to save his life by jumping quickly, the buckboard being reduced to splinters in a jiffy. Another coincidence was that of the freight engine named "Hanover" exploding her boiler near this same deep cut, throwing her fireman high over the tree-tops hundreds of yards into the field, his lifeless body sinking deeply into the soft ground. The engineer was severely stunned, but not killed, and when Dr. Robertson was called to attend him, the injured man explained that it was this same "Hanover" engine that had so nearly run over the doctor, only a few days before.

Upon my visits to the old town in recent years have noted with pleasure the apparent erasure of the barriers between the churches. Time was when the minister of one denomination hardly wanted to set foot inside, or have his people attend, either of the sister churches. This spirit of selfishness for the creeds seemed to require that the bodies of the departed be kept separate even after death; - hence the Presbyterian, Christian and Methodist cemeteries, respectively, in the old days. Today one cemetery answers for all, and to the credit of Modern Hanover, be it said that the site on the hill west of town, is at once beautiful and a source of satisfaction to all interested in the eld home town.

The Old Horse Car

While hardly to be classed as a pioneer of the old town, as a juvenile I did have some part in the operating of the branch railroad which served the people as a passenger, mail, and freight carrier during the years of its existence. Too young to legally qualify as mailcarrier, I made the daily afternoon trip for passengers only. Father's two horses, "Snap" and 'Charlie,' were good, heavy honest pullers, but by being over-pulled in the hauling of full-loaded freight and coal cars, "Charlie" had acquired a very bad case of stringhalt; that is, his hind feet would go up high with a jerk at every step. Alongside the track, from the old "Indep"? saw mill at Uncle Morris Miller's to the Jeff Arter gate near town, ran the wagon-road, and a half-mile, and quartermile stretch had been marked off for the convenience of Dr. Yates with his fast roan mare "Beckey," and other horsemen with speed, among whom were Ad Haldeman, George Entrekin and Taylor Temple. On one of my car trips from the station with the string-haited "Charlie,' Green Swearingen, who was a passenger, as also a joker in bis way, persuaded me to try out the old horse's speed which I did, (though in violation of father's instructions), and was made duly yroud by Swearingen and his fellow conspirators, who claimed to have timed the quarter-mile in 15 minutes, - a four-mile-an-hour gait, only good brisk walking-time for a man. In after years when my taste for 2 fine horse of the harness type led me to campaign some of the best ones in the trotting world, my good old father frequently referred to my feat with old "Charlie" and the car, and hinted broadly that it was through him that I got by liking for the turf.

Fuss At Fires

Once, at the Herrington home in Hanover, (for years now occupied by Ed. Strohn and wife) dense smoke was seen to issue from the window-crevices of an upstairs room.

An alarm of fire was sounded, and neighbors hurriedly gathered from all quarters, pails of water in hand. Aunt Polly Melbourne, arrviving first of all, rushed frantically into the smoke-filled room, snatched a great feather-tick from the bed, dragged it to a window, and ripping the tick open, emptied its contents to the winds outside.

It was promptly discovered that the 'fire' was nothing more than a smoking chimney, yet the deed was done, and Mother Herrington's feathers were in evidence over all that part of town for many days and weeks thereafter.

Hanover Boy Who Fell With Custer

In the past 30 years the fortunes of business life have taken me to all sections of the United States and Canada, over and over again. these travels I visited the scene of the Custer battle on the Little Big Horn in Wyoming, where the brave, if reckless General, with his 262 Regulars were slain, to the last man, by the Indians. Upon the monument on this battle field I noted the name of H. W. Brown, doubtless meaning Harmon W. Brown of Hanover, a soldier of fortune, known to be in the Regular service and the 7th Cavalry, the Custer regiment. The fact that his Hanover friends never heard from Harmon thereafter, seems proof that the Hanover boy was one of these unfortunates. On this historic spot, (now maintained as a Government park) a granite shaft designates where each: soldier fell, while on the highest point of ground stands the principal monument where the gallant Custer made his last stand, while within a radius of thirty feet of where he fell were found the bodies of fifty-four of his command.

Hanover Boys On Pacific Slope

On a business trip across the "Great Divide" in 1906, I landed in San Francisco a few weeks after one of the greatest catastrophies in the history of modern times.

The scene that greeted me will ever be vivid in memory, the beautiful city, earthquake-rocked and _ fire-scourged, still smoldering in places, but already striving bravely to repair the ravages of this dreadful visitation. And now, from my home in this rejuvenated and most wonderful San Francisco, - on the Golden Coast, - I heartily greet my old Flanover friends and former comrades.

Hon. George Temple, former mayor of Spokane, state legislator, and now living in practical retirement in Oakland, across the bay from fan Fraicisco

Norman and Eb. Arter, the former a most prominent and successful merchant of this city; the latter associated with one of the largest publishing houses on the coast. Norman is president of the Ohio Society of San Francisco, numbering more than a thousand members.

And James H. yohnson,-~mentioned early in ihis story. Jim served out his enlistment in the war; then another with the Regulars in the Indian campaigns; saw service in the Orient as army paymaster, and now holds a most responsible office at Fort Mason, here, in the Construction Quartermaster's Department, under the Civil servive, and vith good salary attached. So, the Hanover boys on the Sunset Coast are making good.

A Bit Of Romance

One mile west of the village of Hanover are yet standing the walls ot what was known in its time as the Friends Sandy Springs Meeting House. It was erected in 1827, following a log structure built about 1806, and in its day was a substantial brick edifice. The plat upon which it stands contains four or five acres of land, donated to the society as a site for a house of worship and burial ground about one hundred and seven years ago.

In a growth of native timber near the eastern border of this tract stands two hickory trees, appearing near the ground as but one tree, these trees being probably twenty inches in diameter and towering perhaps eighty feet in height, growing with a partial twist one with OLD SANDY CHURCH the other.

Clustering about these trees and which make them of a more than passing interest to the people of this day and generation is a romance which had place in the early history of the church society. Those acquainted with the history of the Society of Friends are aware that a division of the society had place during the second decade of eighteen hundred, each division holding the name of Friends, but becoming distinquished as Orthodox and Hicksites, Previous to the division, as the story runs, a young man and lady, both members of the Sandy Springs meeting were betrothed, their engagement to be solemnized by public marriage in accordance with the beautiful rite of rriends ceremony. During this betrothal the division came to the church, the family of the young man becoming identified with one branch, the family of the young lady with that of the other. As time passed the young lady began to intimate to her lover the impropriety of their proposed marriage because of a lack of probable harmony essential to a happy wedded life owing to the estrangement of the two families in their religious associations. The young man could not see why this should prove a barrier and pleaded for a fulfillment of the engagement. A number of meetings had been held by the young peo- ple without a definite conclusion being reached. Finally upon a meeting day, in the shade of the grove, when they were talking the matter over, she being stronger in her view that the engagement be broken he as earnestly pleading for the consummation of the marriage, the young man in his confusion had laid hold upon two small hickory bushes and unconsciously had twisted them together. When asked "What is thee do that for' by the young lady, who had noted the work, he replied 'as these unite together, so would our hearts grow if we marry," but pleading availed naught and the engagement was broken Those small bushes lived and grew and now after more than four score years carry the effects of the pleating and stand a living memmorial to a broken marriage contract.

These young people were Hannah Miller and Jesse Farrington, the facts in the bit of history being related to the writer by a nephew of the young woman, now deceased, himself a life-long member of Sandy Springs Meeting. Love to the young man's impassioned soul was not a mere part, but the very heart throb of his being and soon he took his departure for the west and there died many years ago. The young lady in after years married Jacob Reeder, she with her husband also going west where they made _ their home. With the husband, she too has long since joined the ranks of the "silent majority."

TWISTED HICKORIES division of the membership of the church when discussion of the tenets of the faith and belief as to the policies of the church ran high and animated, one man who arose te speak was ordered by the elders to sit down and refusing and continuing to speak, aid was called and four men lifted him to their shoulders and proceeded to carry him out. As they were doing so he exclaimed, "Behold I am more honored than was the Saviour. He rode upon one ass, while I am carried by four." It was related to the writer by an aged resident well acquainted with the history of the church, that at the division, the Orthodox branch retained ownership and pos-

The men and women who trod over these historic hills and assembled for worship in this old church, with lovers of the early years have long since passed to their reward and many of the pioneers sweetly sleep in the little necropolis there undisturbed by the rustle of the winds through the remaining trees of the woodland or the sounds of footsteps above. Made sacred by the souls of the departed and hallowed by memories on the part of the living

"Perhaps in this neglected spot is laid Some heart once pregnant with celestial fire, Hands that the rod of empire might have swayed Or waked to ecstacy the living lyre."

A Poem

Following is a poem written by A. P. Nicholas to his mother from hospital at Omaha, Neb., just a few months prior to his death in 1902. Mr. Nicholas was a son of Olive Perry Nicholas, many years identified with the business interests.

Other Reminiscences Legend Of Silver

Robert Raley, pioneer who settled in Hanover in 1806 had for three years prior each fall and winter came to the immediate section oi a hunting expedition from his Pennsylvania home. On one of these hunts his travels in the forest wilds brought him into a vale where a spring of sparkling water gushed forth from beneath a ledge of overhanging rock. Looking upon the rock he noted it contained a trace of sparkling ore and he broke off a piece taking it with him. This he submitted to an assayer in Pittsburg who pronounced it silver. At his return to Hanover he made effort to again locate the spring and the rock, and though invading all the vales far and near no trace of the rock with its glittering treasure was ever found.

Chase Of The Fox

With the toil of carving homes from the forests and of making the fields to blossom as the rose the pioneer fathers enjoyed their seasons of sport. Of this the fox chase played an important part and as far back as 1830 was an annual feature for the township. In one or these chases northeast of the village those assembled had thirteen foxes within the circle. Through an intrusion of some character, eleven of these succeeded in making escape. These fox chases were always largely attended.

One of the first of the log houses built in Hanover in 1813 stood upon Lot 10. It was torn down by Samuel Halstead who bought the property of James Jackson in the fall of 1899 or spring of 1900, having served as a residence for almost a century.

The first brick house was built by William and Owen Williams in 1817 and is that owned now by Walter Schooley, The second brick was the Michael Arter house, built 1824. The Sloan corner brick house was built in 1831, the brick having been burned in a kiln on the lot now owned by A. E. Vernon. The Arter and Nicholas warehouse was built in 1850, the J. R. and A. R. Arter warehouse in 1852.

The corner now known as the Sloan block was the site of the first hotel, tavern, so called in the early years. In connection with taverns in the early days was always maintained a bar, so here was found the first bar, In this room was held the first election ever in the village. It was here that the first justice court trial was heard and in this same room was the first preaching service in the town, the sermon being by a traveling minister. This first election was for a justice of the peace, the candidates being George Brown and Price Keith. Brown was elected and held the office a number of years.

The first public well in Hanover was dug in 1845 and is that at the roadside just west of the Mansion House, It is still in use serying well the people all these 68 intervening years.

Some Hanover People Of Fifty Years Ago

ESS COMICS Cage tira Vocus on ocuch rs, Meter sis OPO e ORE ey Wagon factory EN NGSUOENS: LEEW ISIE Sikh ccs on erSiG ees os Gere aah a eet e Stoves and tinware eC KG 11s Vaneeene te pee att ewae daar mete dence noe Bis Gente iad ee ei oe Tailor Jem ES MeeNIG CHE mares riche cto cee trex Sammon ance Furniture and Undertaking LOT O OMeInC ALC Calcaterra ieee arene ote. Furniture and Undertaking VCCUR DSTO Will eacieys sco maior nc aM wes Sane ere coerce Sake Cabinet maker PINON aS Me Le CIC OSM area aan Pence aera ever coorsenete ene Recievokeier s cescan a Abner ese Hotel DAWG O) IG Oy cen cad geow eee cIk voreie ous TOR, cee aS Siena Pus, Seon as Hotel EM Siete ATC Tire es teueenent rete anise aie sane laser alteweus® see Sane General merchandise RKC Se Gem Cali eer eee aarp ea oases ois cies Rous ah cnet chore General Merchandise AN GNEXOXO KONE): PANT GREY TRING GM eee iguchicrid et tet org CENCE TOONS PRC General merchandise AZAT UNO M mS TSViGLC Toapenca cane oheetsk sore cya escxeMe ousiean ie ssue ious Goa iare Gustltetenavartal or Shoemaker TOM eS ee OPV Clin: erate au ee eic cs in eave ac ale die Gaudet anes spel a suatemalens Shoemaker VACOD MMM STING ee ispn is cchekere cneyer ara Mersc ci metae cre aters Harness maker WW SUUEN GGL. CIKGICES "eer ttearste a colt chon cacuenenciee Oh Orie HOLS eC oenes OR ORCT OCR oes Postmaster ova GONDCEUING p< clo dr peso Oe NOL CRS CRRIORENCH rae: Sic NCR NCR Cars oer Justice of the Peace William "Lockard ..............Justice of the Peace and blacksmith INGUC Tiare Ir Aue UONrtmee i arse niopeicreteter ce. Cote ie. sce loreisaile 1 cnet Paicguecoloveneliehe toe ieus> el ote Tannery ARDC Ore LC EMRE cme. Shana 2, cfentene cenelonts 1e (01 a) coe ciader stent @ieieas. tT eens Tannery [Eshaeteio Spumante eS Bas o cecho Gictone OUR ARCO ICP cre ARC UIE or a Gin enone aoe Flour mill (EORZER CLO Darteroverchc wwe site igo eyes eh Sie aies one ole tomeuase Flour mill AWailiieii® "EHOGIES ey" t.6 arto cited Og GGean cicierertrs Oem Wholesale notion peddler TGS: THEI RORES! © Braodencs op eearOrs OF MTG OTP OcumrC Maaae AO OENC oe aoneenr Retired farmer CEOrEe WORCROME" 4 conic cd don 0 ono coe ow OO Manager Hanover Railroad TSEYA@: SHOEI 2 oo: oilo ciara. o clomnie ee ecraie Manager Salem and Lisbon Hack Line VAIN MATS CNIS Use coedctees nce. ie sie) er'e, Guctisyelene zac Manager Sennet's Hominy Mill HG COU CIoa rspetttatacs apsuaereenclis #1 tee comer anne > Manager Corn Cob and All Mill TORO. GUlWnse oosccconscooasoounoon boo pooMUnOOUn Moo tcomi oD Dentist Daniel and Philip Voglesong ............ Groceries and Confectionery (PRR KGre ZS @lnmantenterses-- rose eitasiai lake so eie ear sere. aiers ose = Cigar maker and candy VAT ValisueETOUCIIEMUSS ss laraccis scree (¢ si el ele cles «eer Ice cream and confectionery IOS NAIG! INSEE 4 oho adot G.c.c bn Ob ODO Oa Retired merchant and farmer iihaeeoln Shyer 55555000 dD eo obo Uo ss ado coin ocr oi Farmer ILE SinCemHkey oocbdacn sounn oop eopd DOOR Tailor and band teacher Woaliee GONE GoodoosTnweuobonos5 0 UOC UOO On OD Ue GUOm IO OC Gunsmith awe) GON ondanecbecoemongadton> cONUeD obo dds Baer OI Blacksmith Williaa IDINBEAE oa de soouon do CoDo oC Do ons COI Cima eoiCIcaOor: Plasterer FORGED. THOS cdo cacao omnes 0060 O00 6 0 O.c.O Doce Perr DOO acres enn Plasterer

Meteorological

In 1818 occurred what was known as the deep snow. About daybreak of the morning of February 3, it began snowing and continued until snow on the ground attained a depth of three feet. There was no wind and consequently no drifting. For four days thereafter the weather was calm, then a gentle rain of an hour or two fell, followed by bitter cold weather for two weeks. The snow was crusted by the freeze, so that it would bear up dogs and even children and many wild animals perished. Deer in the neighborhood was practically exterminated.

In 1824 oceurred what in after years was designated as "The Great Hail Storm,' by the pioneer fathers. Hail stones of large size fell in profusion. The storm was accompanied by high wind and considerable timber in the path of the storm was blown down.

May 25th, 1845, a hail storm of unusual severity swept over the community and township doing great damage to timber and growing crops. Hail stones to the size of marbles and larger fell in great quantity.

April 16, 1854, a heavy snow fell, people the following day, Haster Sunday, starting to church at Dungannon in sleighs. The summer of 1854 was noted for its long continued drouth. There was no corn nor hay and fruit dried up on the trees. There was much suffering on the part of stock from a lack of food and water, some perishing. Trees were cut down that stock might eat the foliage.

June 4 and 5, 1859 occurred most destructive and memorable frosts, the temperature dropping so low that the ground was frozen. The weather previous had been unusually favorable to growing crops, wheat, corn and fruit being well advanced. All was killed, the damage being inestimable.

April 19-20, 1901 occurred the greatest snowstorm of the community's history. Rain on the 19th changed to snow toward evening and by morning a wet blanket of white to the depth of 20 inches with massive drifts covered the earth. Attempts to get to Kensington with hack or buggy with mails proved futile. Finally got through on horseback, but there were no mails for return. Trains were stalled west near East Rochester and east near Millport. Workmen with shovels had to clear the way and it was several days before traffic could be resumed. Snowballs in places could yet be made on May 1. Some roofs of buildings were crushed beneath the weight of snow. This storm was restricted to narrow limits, Bedford to the north, Salineville south-east, Enon Valley east and between Mansfield and Crestline, west.

Friday, July 21, 1911, a terrific wind and hail storm swept across the township doing immense damage. Trees were leveled, crops destroyed, buildings damaged and one or two barns blown down. Ice cream in one instance was made from hail stones gathered up 36 hours after the storm.

Sunday night, September 1, 1912, occurred a great rain storm or cloud burst, three and a half inches of water falling. Creeks overflowed and many bridges and wash-outs resulted. Water was over the roadway between Hanover and Kensington, Kensington was flooded, water being 18 inches deep in Kensington Christian church. Railway traffic was crippled for days by reason of washouts. A flock of 60 sheep belonging to Irwin Harsh was drowned.

Addendum New Garden

Of Hanover township villages around which centered the industrial and commercial life of the respective communities, New Garden is the oldest. As with Hanover the earliest settlers were Friends, coming as early as 1805-6. The village was platted by Benjamin Saunders and either David or John Sinclair in 1810. The activities of the village were central from about 1825 to 1885. Census of 1840 gave the population as 194, the greatest population attained perhaps being about 250. New Garden is three miles north from Hanover on the old Lisbon-Canton road.

In 1815 James Waugh kept tavern in the village, his place of business being two log cabins, one on either side of the road. Later William Rogers kept the stand and succeeding him was John Watson who sold to James Graham who tore the building away and erected in its stead a large store room. Another feature in the building life of New Garden in early years was what was known as the "block house," a frame structure sufficient as a place in which to live for 25 families. In addition to the families living therein a number of business rooms were maintained. It was located on the northwest side of the public square. A disastrous fire caused the passing of the "block house."

The first church of the community was that of the Friends, built about 1807 and was located at what is now Woodsdale 'cemetery, Thos. Griswold, who resided where Jacob Batzli now lives being its earliest minister. The church edifice was of log and stood until 1840 when a brick building was erected. Overflow of farms by canal reservoir at Gillford in 1847 caused many to leave the community and the organization was abandoned, the brick edifice being torn down in 1859. The Methodist church in New Garden was organized in 1840, meetings being held in the school house until 1841 when a frame church was erected. The church was a part of Hanover circuit until 1909 when it became a parish of the Winona charge. The Disciple church at New Garden was organized in 1842, a chureh being built in the south part of town. In 1856 it was abandoned, but was reorganized in 1874 and the present church built. The early school house of the village was located on almost the same spot occupied by the one today.

In 1840 Anthony Taylor established a foundry in New Garden, manufacturing plows, stoves, kettles, ete., the New Garden plow and the Taylor stove still being well remembered. The Taylor's were followed by Jacob Liber, who added machine castings to the list of manufactures. He sold to Thos. Gardner and Chas, Liber, Gardner later selling to his partner who conducted the foundry as late as 1900. A machine shop conducted by James Saffell was also an industry in early years, both iron and wood lathes being maintained. Just east of the village Jonas Murray for years operated a water power sawmill and a fulling and carding mill in pioneer days was also conducted at this place. EH. K. Liber established carriage shop in 1865, continuing until about 1890. Three or four cooper shops were also flourishing industries for the village in their day.

Postmasters of the village have been Clayton Thornberry, Jonah Parker, James Graham, Jesse Kepner, Thomas K. Gardner, W. C. Flick, L. C. Axe, Harry Graham. New Garden postoffice gave way to rural delivery from Hanover about 1905. The first postoffice of the community was kept by Joseph Griswold where Jacob Batzli now lives and was known as Griswold postoffice.

A noted industrial community was that one and a half miles west of New Garden, in later years coming to be known as Adair. Among the pioneer settlers were James Hale, David Miller and Simon Andre, all of whom came prior to and up to 1816. In the earlier days when wagoners plied the way between Lisbon and Massillon with produce and supplies the place was known as Millersburg, a sobriquet applied by reason of the number of families by that name living there. Where F. M. Albright now lives, a tavern was conducted with large barn for horses, a stopping place for teamsters and travelers but of those by whom it was conducted nothing is now known.

in the work by his son, Jefferson Andre. This mill was operated as late as the beginning of the seventies. Barnet Robinson operated a sawmill where F. M. Albright now lives, the property coming into the hands of Lazarus Kunkle about 1860, he operating the mill until 1875 when he sold to William Belat and moved to Dungannon. Belat in 1890 sold to F. M. Albright. Kunkle equipped the mill about 1872 with steam power and during his life also manufactured grain cradles, revolving hay rakes, cider press screws, furniture, ete. William Belat during his ownership installed buhrs for feed grinding. Mr. Albright continued the mill work for a time, he installing cider and apple butter making machinery. A sawmill prior to and during the early fifties was operated on what is now the P. W. Conser farm about a mile south of Adair it being known as the Dutton mill it being a steam mill, feed and meal also being ground. James Hale operated a carding mill in early years, using horses and oxen as the power.

Jonathan Miller conducted a chair factory on the land now owned by Roy Sanor just west of the cross road, while north on the same land stood the pioneer log school house of the community. The chair factory was discontinued prior to 1840. On this same property for years was also conducted a cooper shop, this by David and James Miller, it going down in 1854.

A postoffice was established in 1893 with Mrs. Sarah Shisler as postmaster, she being succeeded by Vernon CC. Hawkins in 1901 he conducting a grocery and provision store with the postoffice work. The advent of rural mail delivery from Kensington in 1903 saw the discontinuance of the postoffice, the store being also discontinued at that time. The post office was gained for the place through the effort of Elwood Miller, he suggesting the name Adair, the same being in honor of a cousin by that name.

James Graham, a blacksmith conducted a shop for some years following the civil war on the farm now owned by F. M. Strahm and John H, Wilson conducted a shop for many years on the farm now owned by his son, Kirby S. Wilson.

It was here that the Swiss cheese industry was central for the township the first factory being established by Samuel Bauman in 1879 on the farm now owned by Frank M. Strahm. Factories were later operated by Allen Albright and Fred F, Conser, In 1891 a cheese company was organized, and the work conducted upon larger scale the present company buildings being erected at that time.

With the passing of the log school house, the school was moved a half mile north, a location central of the district, and a frame building erected eight square with roof in the form of a cone. The peculiar shape of the building caused the school to be known as Hornets

Nest, a name ever since remaining. This building gave way in 1857 to a brick structure and this by the present frame in 1878, the brick keing blown down during a storm April 22, 1878. School was in session at the time but fortunately none of the pupils were seriously hurt.

James Hale, the early pioneer set out an apple orchard in 1815, this one of 144 trees in 12 rows, using a compass in its planting, it being the first orchard in the township. When it arrived at bearing age, it is said the orchard with its fruit was often a sight to behold, people coming for miles to see and to purchase. A few of the trees are yet standing and still bearing. This farm is that where Frank Strahm now lives.

Gillford in the northeast section of the township lies also on the old state road four miles east of New Garden. Its history dates from Sandy & Beaver canal days and is an interesting one, it being here that the great canal reservoir covering 490 acres of land was constructed.

In 1835, seeing the possibilities of canal enterprise Dr. George Mc- Cook, J. G. Williard and Jacob Schriver purchased a tract of land and platted it into lots, much of the land being covered with timber. A public sale of lots was widely advertised and on the day of sale it was estimated that fully 3,000 people were present these coming from Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia and even more distant states, the building of the canal having attracted almost national attention. About 150 lots were sold at this first sale, big prices being realized, $200 and $250 each being a not unusual price. The highest price paid for a lot was $305, two lots bringing that figure. The town was named Gillford in honor of William Gill, the civil engineer in charge of the work of the canal. About this same time John Hanna and Samuel Fugate also platted a tract of land into lots.

James Graham, a merchant at New Garden with Caleb Hawley a clerk in Graham's store, opened the first store in the village. Samuel Butz began hotel work. Houses and business rooms were rapidly built and various enterprises had beginning, the town within a year or two attaining a population of near 500 people. In 1847 the canal reservoir was finished and water turned into it and at this time Gillford had nine grocery stores, four general stores, four hotels, four blacksmith shops, two wagon maker shops, two cooper shops, cabinet maker, brick yards, woolen mill, pottery and steam sawmill.

Yulauf, proprietors of the brick yards were Moses and Alex Brandon. Crocks, jugs, ete., was the pottery ware made, the proprietor being aman named Leisy. Following canal days Caleb Hawley for some years operated a water power sawmill.

During the brightest days of its history the village was incorporated, Moses Brandon being chosen first mayor with William Torrence, clerk. The second and last mayor was J. M. Louthan.

A Christian church society was organized in Gillford in 1836 and a frame house for worship built. This society flourished perhaps twelve years. A Methodist church society was organized in 1844, a church being built about 1846 on a lot donated by John Conley. The church became a part of Hanover circuit, but is now a mission of the Winona circuit

A postoffice was established at Gillford in 1835. By reason of another postoffice in the state named Guilford, it was called Bucks postcffice in honor of Jacob Buck, the first postmaster. Postmasters since have been Caleb Hawley, Moses Louthan, Robert Pitcairn, John P. Conley, Isaac Miller, Jacob Hiner, Shepherd Hawley, August Kuhl. Shepherd Hawley was appointed in 1865 and held the office until its discontinuance by rural delivery from Lisbon about 1907 with exception of during the administrations of President Cleveland, when August Kuhl was the appointee.

Physicians in the village have been Dr. John Grewell, Dr. Barrey Graham, Dr. Bane, Dr. G. H. Albright, Dr. William Schooley, Dr. James M. Gruber, Gillford today has a store conducted by Lloyd Crosser, a blacksmith shop, the proprietor being M. B. Votaw, M. E. church, school house and Grange hall. The Grange here was organized in 1872 and now has about 165 members. Dr. James M. Gruber is a practicing physician of the village and Dr. Joseph M. Gruber a practicing dental surgeon.

Following the failure of the canal in 1854, many lots for which the high prices noted were paid, sold as low as a dollar and less. The two for which $805 each were paid were sold for $5 each.

Prior to canal days just west of Gillford a tavern was kept by Daniel Hostetter and later by William Hostetter. At this place George and A. G. Hostetter now live.

In what is known as the "Narrows" of the West Fork creek south of what is now Gillford, Edward Whitacre and sons built sawmill and grist mill about 1808. Hugh Hilles later purchased the mill operating it to canal days. During canal construction a clay or red cement rock was found here, the mill being used in the grinding of this cement, it being used in canal masonry. The cement was without superior, the stone breaking before the cement work would give way. The buhrs of this old mill were of native "nigger head" rock, home made.

Frost built a grist and sawmill in 1814, the grist mill being purchased by Samuel J. Roller in 1877 and was operated by him to his death in 1896.

Just above the mill a short distance was located what was known as Frost's M. EH. church, organized in 1820. Services were held here to 1876. In this same neighborhood Joseph Richey operated a water power sawmill for years. The church property was bought by H. O. Reeder in 1884 and the building torn down and moved to Kensington. The old flouring mill building was moved to Kensington by W. G. Roller, in 1899.

Dungannon, three miles east of Hanover, is another village of the township, the history of which dates from the days of canal enterprise, Leing platted by George Sloan in 1835 the original tract containing 26 acres. In 1839 an addition was platted by Philip Ehrhart. Mr. Sloan gave to the village the name, Dungannon, in honor of his native home in Ireland. The first houses were buiit by George Crissinger, John Lindesmith and Frederick Wagely. The first store was conducted by Robert Fleming, the first tavern by Hiram Gaver. Another early tavern keeper was Daniel O'Brien, while the "Black Bear," kept by a man named McLaughlin is a lingering memory to the older people. The "Canal Grocery' was another early enterprise, the name _ being recognizable over the door of the building long after the canal and grocery had ceased. Two hotels flourished in the village for a time, as did a number of stores, groceries, etc.