Hanover Township (part 3 of 3)

C. F. Engle was born in Nassau, Germany, March j 11, 1S41, and at the age of seven years his parents i removed to this country and settled in New York city, : where they remained one year, when they came to this ; State and located in Vermillion township, this county, \ where our subject remained until the year i86t, when j he removed to Mifflin township, where he has since j resided, with the exception of the time he spent in the I late war. Mi. Engle followed farming as his vocation | previous to the war, but since that time he has been engaged in the mercantile business at this place. He is ; also postmaster, and has been since rS 75. He was j married July 28, 1867, to Miss Mary Hart. They have | reared a family of three children, two of whom are still ! living, and named respectively, Walter M. and Emma. ! The one deceased, Charles H., departed this life July i 2 t , 1871, aged one year, two months and eleven days. !

Ahraham Barr was born in Richland county, this j State, August 13, 1S45, where he resided until the year j 186:, when he lemoved to this township, where he has ; since lived. He has been twice married first, June 21, 1855, to Cnriina Baum. She died March 2, 1S73. He was married to his second wife, Miss Martha A. Gochnauer, March r 8, 1880. She was born in Wayne j county, December 9, 1841. Mr. Barr has one child, j Benjamin F. He has always paid his attention to farming, which avocation lie still follows on the farm. lie now ! owns in Mifflin township.

, J. F. Ben nk; hoe was born in Germany, February | 27, 1830. When at the age of seven years, his parents, John and Charlotte B< nr.ighof, emigrated to this conn ! try, and located in Vermillion township, where they lived - three years. They then removed to Mifflin township, 1 where the subject of this sketch has since resided. He was married, January 8, 1856, to Miss Susan Young, who was born in Huntingdon county, Pennsylvania, January 8. 1829. Her parents removed to this county in 1836, and she has since lived in the county. The fruit 1 u of this union are eight children, six of whom are still living, and named respectively, John D., born April 3c, 1S5S; Mary C., born November 15. 1859: Susannah, born December 4, 1861; Hannah, born August 5, 1863; Allen j., born March 18, 1865, and William li., born December 11, i860. The ones deceased are Jacob and one who died in infancy. Jacob died December iS, 1S70, aged four years and three days. Mr. Bennighof is by trade a carpenter and a painter, and has followed those avocations, principally the carpenter trade, from his boyhood. Politically he is a Democrat, and has represented his township as justice of the peace for nine years, and has been a member of the board of education for twenty-five years, being its presiding officer twenty-three years. He has helped build every schoolhouse in the township. By good management and industry7 he has made for himself a good home, and is considered by all who know him, to be a gentleman whose character cannot be impeached.

Samuel Culler was born in Frederick county, Maryland, in the village of Jefferson, November 26, 1S09. When at the age of fifteen years, his parents removed to this county and township, where Mr. Culler has since lived. He is the oldest child of Philip and Mary Culler. His father died in 1855, and hi? mother in 1845, on the farm in the southeast quarter of section thirty-six, where they settled ore month after they came here. Samuel was married March 22, 1849, Sarah A. Blust. The fruit of this union are twelve children, all of whom are living, as follows: Philip Mr, who was married March 1 1, 1880 - he was born June 13, i-Sro ; Henry D., born September 17, 1851, who is now practicing law in Mansfield, Ohio, he being attorney for Aultman, Taylor A Co ; Margaret L., born July 24, 1 S 53 ; William FL, born August 7, 1855 ; John F., bom December 23, 1856 ; Mary S., born September 27, 1858; Sarah A., born June 3, i860; Thomas J., born August S, 1861; Laura E., born May 23, 1863; Almira Y., born April 25, 1S65 ; Samuel S., born April p 1S67 ; and Joseph E., born April 6, 1S72. Mr. Culler is among the early settlers of this county, and is identified with the Seymour, or more properly the Zimmer and Cul ler families of the township. He relates many incidents pertaining to pioneer life that are not only interesting but instructive to any one who may be fortunate to hear him. He remembers at one time when a boy his father sent him to Sandusky City with some grain to buy salt, and other things for family use. FI is father gave him all the money they had, which was ten cents. He went to Sandusky alone, and came back without spending the money. He also recalls many hardships and privations that at that time all had to endure, that the present as well as the future generations will never know or experience. His great-grandfather on his mother's side was in the war of the Revolution, and was commissioned by General Washington as captain. His great grandfather on his father's side was in the war at the time Braddock was defeated by the French and Indians at Bloody Run, Pennsylvania, as well as in the Revolutionary war. 11 is grandfather was born in this country.

and several of his sons participated in the war of 1812. His uncle Henry held a commission as second lieutenant at first, and when discharged was first lieutenant. Samuel Culler is what is termed a self-made man, never having had the advantages of a common school education. Tut to-day he is justice of the peace, and has held that office from time to time for nearly twenty-one years, as well as various other offices of trust in his township. He votes the Republican ticket, and his ! township is Democratic fully three to one.

Skrastian Culler, is the eighth child of Michael and i Barbara Culler, who was born in Mifflin township, May 6, 1833, and has always resided there, on the old homestead farm. He has always followed fanning from boyhood, and now owns the farm his father bought of Philip Zimmer, which contains one hundred and sixty acres. The deed for the land was signed by Philip Zimmer. Michael Culler died July 28, 1874'. aged eighty-six years. His wife died July 16, 1873, aged seventy-nine years.

John P. Culler was born on the Seymour farm, or what is better known as the Zimmer farm, in this town ship, in the house in which Zimmer was killed, Tuly 3, 1820, and Mifflin township has always been his home. He is the first child of Michael and Barbara Culler, of whom mention is made elsewhere in this work. Mr. Culler was married February 22, 18 6", to Amanda Keffer, who was born ir, this township July 29, 1842. Her . , father and mother came to this county at an early day, as is mentioned elsewhere. Her parents, together with Mr. Culler's parents, were among the earliest settlers of the county, and have a very prominent part in this work. Mr. Culler has always farmed it from boyhood, and now makes that his vocation.

John Sunday was born in York county, Pennsylvania, September 29, 1797, and came to Mifflin township, Richland county, in the fall of 1818. He was married to Miss Leah Gaidner, November 7, 1822. She was the daughter of William Gardner, who was a justice of the peace for Mifflin twenty-one years, and died in June, 1855, aged seventy-nine years. Mr. Gardner settled in Mifflin township in April, 1S10, but again returned to Fairfield county, Ohio, having sold his farm to Andrew Newman in 18 1?. He then purchased what is now known as the Simpson farm, in 1812, upon his return from Fairfield county, upon which there were some improvements. Mrs. Gardner baked bread for Martin. Ruffnci during the summer of 1812. Ruffncr had built a cabin and was clearing his land, aided by a bound boy named Levi Berkinhizer, and doing his own cooking, keeping a sort of bachelor's hall, Mrs. Gardner doing his baking, as before stated. His wife came on a short time before Hull's surrender; but she returned soon to friends near Utica, Licking county. Mrs. Sunday knew young Bcrkinhizer quite well, and often played and romped with him. Martin Ruffner was a stout, broad-chested man, and perfectly fearless. Young ^ Berkinhi/vr brought word from Zimmers of the prowling Indians, and Ruffner immediately went to the relief of Zimmers, not expecting to bring on a fight, believing that the Greentewn Indians were hi. hi rids. Berhin

1 hizer remained in the cabin all night alone. Ruffner I and the old gentleman, the old lady and Catharine Zimmer, were all found dead the next day, and only cor.- I iecture told the story of their fate. They were buried I in two graves not a great ways from the cabin of s Zimmer. Frederick Zimmer and wife returned tc Licking county almost crazed by the murders, when he com I milled suicide, by shooting himself. Philip Zimmer,

I and his wife Elizabeth, subsequently quit-claimed their | land to Michael Culler, who had purchased the old I farm. Levi Berkinhizer, if still alive, resides about one

| mile fioin Norwalk, Huron county, where he located ; after the war. William Gaidner was present at the I burial of the Zimmers and Martin Ruffner. Mrs. Sun- | day was born April 25, 1804, in Fairfield county, and ; has been in Mifflin nearly seventy-six years. Her | memory is quite good, and the old lady may reach j eighty-five years of age. Her venerable husband is now ; eighty-three, and seems quite active and sprightly. They ; have several grown sons and daughters, some of whom | are married. They possess a good property and will | not. want in the future. John and Leah Sunday have i raised a family of seven children, five of whom are still living. They are Mary, Phebe, Joseph, Harrison A.,

; three of whom are living, as follows: Samantha E., who - was born August 5. 1854. and married William- C. Winj ters September 29, 1S75; Lizzie, who was born Septem- I her 2. i860; Celina, who was born October 20, 18.62.

| The other died in. infancy. Mr. Sunday has always paid | his attention to farming. He is the fourth child of ]ohn j and Leah, of whom mention is made elsewhere, they bej ing among the early settlers of the county.

Andrew Sunday was born in Mifflin township, fulv ' ii, 1S35, and has always resided here. By trade he is a | carpenter, and follows that as his vocation. March 14.

| 1858, he was married to Miss Ida M. Edwards. The j fruits of this union are nine children, five of whom are j living, as follows: Mary IL, Susan I., Annie, Made II., j and Margaret A. The ones deceased were Ella, Cyrus, and Nettie, and one that died in infancy.

James Franklin Bush was born in Bucyrus, Crawford county, Ohio, February 27, 1S45. where he resided : until he was nineteen years old. When at the age of sixteen, he commenced working at the trade of carriage painting, at which he remained about three years, when he removed to Tiffin, Ohio. In Tiffin he remained about two years, and from that time until 1875 he has been doing business in different places throughout the State. Since 1S75 he has been carrying on business in Ashland. During the late war, Mr. Bush enlisted as a | member of the One Hundred and First Ohio volunteer , infantry, but, owing to his vouth, he was rejected, t '> -

The fruits of this union are five children, three of whom , are still living, and named, respectively. Clarence F., ! who was born November 25, 1S69; George O., born August 31, 187.1; and Zoa, born May 7, 1S79. 'The ; ones deceased are Ida, who departed this life October | 27. 1S78, aged six years, eleven months and thirteen days; and Field, who died October 23, 1878, aged two ; years. Mr. Bush is now engaged in the manufacturing j of carriages and buggies; and he also makes carriage j and sign painting a specialty. He is considered proficient ; at Isis business, and aims to please every one, and with - stood success.

Source changes here: from History of Ashland County, Ohio, by Baughman, A. J. (Abraham J.), published 1909; 2,374 words in this source stream.

Hanover Township

Hanover township has been called the goodly land, with a health-giving climate and a wealth-giving soil; a country of beautiful landscapes, a land of rugged hills and charming valleys ; a land where the esthetic and ideal harmonize and blend with the practical and real, forming an earthly elysium.

Hanover is the most southern township in Ashland county; a part of its territory is quite hilly, in fact some of its hills have altitudes almost like mountains, but the greater part of the township is adapted to cultivation and is not excelled for fertility by any other township in the county.

The Clearfork of the Mohican enters Hanover from near the northwest corner of the township, and after flowing an average southeasterly course about five miles, unites with the Blackfork and forms the Mohican. There is not the distance of a mile along the Clearfork that does not afford sufficient fall and volume of water sufficient to turn a mill the year round. Its channel is narrow and rapid, and confined within high banks, and the scenery along the stream is magnificently grand.

The Blackfork enters Hanover township at Loudonville, and pursues a southwesterly course about three miles, when it unites with the Clearfork. In the years agone a little town sprang up at the juncture of the forks, and a carding machine was built and operated there for a number of years, as also was a sawmill.

Hanover township was surveyed in the year 1807, by General J ames Hedges, deputy surveyor under General Jarad Mansfield, who was then the surveyorgeneral of the United States. The township was organized in November, 1818. The population two years later was one hundred and eighteen.

The first election was held on the 7th of November, 1818, fifteen votes being cast. The following are the names of the electors: Thomas Taylor, Robert

Loudonville, the only town in Hanover township, was laid out August 16, 1814, by Stephen Butler and James Loudon Priest. The following sketch of Loudonville was written by Miss Mary E. Stewart, in about 1863 :

"The town of Loudonville was laid out in 1814, by James Loudon Priest and Stephen Butler. The beauty of the surrounding country, the mildness of the climate and the fertility of the soil, attracted the attention of the pioneer, and, in many cases, induced him to rear his humble dwelling upon some of our beautiful land and make it his future home.

When the town was laid out there was but a single dwelling in the place. It was a log cabin, owned by Stephen Butler, and although it had but one room, it was a hotel as well as the dwelling place of two families.

"Owing to the many hardships which emigrants to the far west (it was then called the far west) had to endure, and the difficulties they were obliged to encounter, the town improved but little during the first few years of its existence. In the year 1813, Mr. Caleb Chappel immigrated, with his family, to the then far west, and settled, for a short time, in Knox county, a few miles south of Loudonville. He assisted in surveying the grounds where the town now lies, and, in the spring of 1814, he entered land adjoining the town. The remainder of the year was spent in clearing the timber off the farm, erecting a log house, and preparing the grounds for use by the next spring. In the spring of 1815 he removed his family to his farm, which joins the northwestern corner of the town. Everything was new; and the many inconveniences with which they had to contend, and the dangers to which they were exposed, can only be known to those who have left comfortable homes, and taken up their abode in the wilds of a new country.

"Wild animals roamed at large through the surrounding forests, and the Indians built their fires and held their councils in the neighboring woods. Mr. Chappel *s nearest neighbor was Mr. Butler; he was the squire, the tavern keeper, and, in fact, the only man in town. Mr. James Loudon Priest lived some five miles east, and Mr. Oliver three miles to the west. The nearest places for trading were Wooster and Mansfield, then small towns, containing a limited number of buildings and inhabitants. The dress mostly worn by the male portion of the community consisted of a loose hunting shirt, made of homemade linsey, being sometimes red, and sometimes blue. Those made of blue linsey were trimmed with a red fringe, and those made of red were trimmed with blue fringe. A pair of pantaloons made of the same material; a pair of stout moccasins; a cap made frequently of rabbit skin; a broad, black belt, worn around the waist, to which was attached a large knife, and frequently a tomahawk and gun, completed the dress of the early settler..

Pantaloons made of deerskin were generally worn by hunters. The female dress was made of either flannel, linen, linsey, or calico - the calico being the most expensive, as the others were manufactured at home. Such was the dress worn by the early settlers of our country, contrasting greatly with the dashing style of the fast young man and modern belle of the present age ; and no doubt many a young American would consider it far beneath his dignity to acknowledge such was the simple dress worn by his forefathers.

Citizens Savings Bank

"One of the greatest disadvantages with which the early settlers had to contend was, that of educating their children. There was no school for some time after the town was incorporated; and the great cause of education was greatly neglected. At length, the people of the village and the neighboring country, seeing the necessity of establishing a school in their midst, convened together for the purpose of taking the matter into consideration. They soon came to the conclusion to build a schoolhouse and to procure a teacher who was worthy and capable of imparting instruction to the rising generation. A subscription was raised for the purpose of building it, and it was not long before it was entirely completed. It was made of planks, stood upright, and weatherboarded on the outside ; it had a shingle roof, then a great rarity. - It occupied a very conspicuous place on the public square and was about eighteen feet long and fourteen feet wide, with a door in front, and three windows on each side of the room. A large fireplace occupied one end of the room and benches were placed along the sides. Taking all things into consideration, it was quite a respectable looking building, and served for many years as a public building for almost every purpose - for holding meetings, both religious and political. The system of public schools not being then established, the schools were all raised by subscription, and was seldom in session more than three months in a year.

"In October, 1834, a printing office was established in Loudonville. The paper was called 'Mohican Advocate and Hanover Journal.' The proprietor was a Mr. Rogers. For want of patronage, the publication was suspended after having reached six numbers.

' ' The mail in those days was carried on horseback, and when the first stage coach made its appearance, it was an object of wonder to the people in general. The day of the arrival of the stage was always looked forward to with much expectation, and people would gather around the Country Inn to await its arrival and to scrutinize the passengers.

' ' The first sale of lots was made on the 14th day of September, 1814. The proceeds of the sale were small. The first justice of the peace who was elected, living within the town of Loudonville, was Stephen Butler.

"From 1817 untl about 1830, a direct trade, by means of flatboats, was conducted with Louisville and New Orleans - the boats passing down the Black Fork into the Mohican, then into the White Woman, (or Walhonding, as it is now named) thence into the Muskingum, and thence into the Ohio. These boats were generally freighted with flour and whisky, and would carry about fortyfive tons. The completion of the Muskingum improvement and Walhonding canal cut off this trade. During the period of this commercial intercourse with New Orleans, flour at Loudonville would command from two dollars and a half to three dollars per barrel, and would sell at the former place for five and six dollars.

"In the legislation connected with the internal improvement system undertaken by the state of Ohio, the town of Loudonville and the Black Fork of the Mohican occupied no inferior space. At a very early day the Black Fork was declared by legislative enactment to be within the purview of the fourth Article of the Ordinance of 1787, which proclaimed the navigable waters leading into the

Mississippi and St. Lawrence, and the carrying places between the same, as 'common highways, and forever free, as well to the inhabitants of the said territory, as to the citizens of the United States, and those of any other states that may be admitted into the confederacy, without any tax, impost, or duty therefor. '

"The Walhonding canal was commenced with the intention and expectation of extending it up the branches of the river of that name, to Loudonville, on the Black Fork, and to Mt. Vernon, on the 'Vernon river,' or, as it was and is more generally known, the 'Owl creek,' also called the 'Kokosing. '

"A few days previous to the time designated for advertising the letting of the work, a communication was made to the board of public works by the commissioners of the canal fund, then in New York, notifying the board that money could not then be borrowed at the rate authorized by law, and urging that the work for a time be suspended.

"The suspension proved to be indefinite; and thus, after a few spasmodic but ineffectual revivals, ended a project wdiich, had it been successful, would, in all probability, have made Loudonville at this day the seat of justice of one of the most flourishing counties in northern Ohio. It was only the protracted period of financial embarrassment that immediately succeeded the year above mentioned, an embarrassment involving all the productive interests of the country as well as corporations and states, that defeated the construction of the improvement of the Black Fork."

One of the most prominent men in Hanover township was Judge George H. Stewart, who was born in Alexandria, Huntington county, Pennsylvania, October 9, 1809. When a boy in his teens he went to Amagh, Pennsylvania, and clerked in a store for two years. It was at the time of the making of the Pennsylvania railroad and the Portage canal over the Allegheny mountains. Judge Stewart came to Loudonville in the summer of 1833, and was one of the early merchants of the town.

He commenced the mercantile business at a time when the people were talking about building a canal up the White Woman and Mohican. Stewart, having had experience in canaling, took an active part in procuring a law for a state canal to Loudonville, and the law was passed while General William McLaughlin, of Mansfield, was our state senator, and it was through his untiring labor in the legislature that the bill was passed and the canal was located to Loudonville, and advertised for letting, but before it was commenced the legislature abolished all state works not commenced, and they failed to get a canal. In 1835-36, when the question of organizing Ashland county was agitated, he took an active part in bringing it about, and was sent to Columbus several times to lobby for the undertaking, spending his time and paying his own expenses.

In 1845-6 his efforts were rewarded, and in 1845 he was appointed associate judge for Ashland couhty, which office he held seven years. From 1846 to 1850 he took an active part in the construction of the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago railroad, for which he secured the right of way through Holmes, Ashland and a part of Wayne and Richland counties, and in 1851 purchased a tract of land of David Foltz in Wayne county, and laid out what is now called Shreve, a station on the railroad above mentioned. He was employed by the railroad company as station agent for ten years.

E. B. Fuller, father of the late Dr. Amos B. Fuller and grandfather of the present Dr. Fuller, was born in New York in 1799, and married Sarah Culver, in Tioga county, Pennsylvania. In 1831 he first settled in Loudonville, and began the practice of medicine ; was a doctor of the old school ; was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. In politics he was a democrat, one of the liberal kind, bitterly opposed to the fugitive slave law. In 1856 two fugitives came to his house early in the morning. He fed them and sent them to Robert Wilson, where they were cared for and taken beyond the reach of United States marshals, bloodhounds, etc.

Andrew J. Scott was born in Ashland county in 1827 ; attended school at the Ashland academy while Loren Andrews was proprietor, and also at Vermillion institute at Hayesville. For two years he taught in the Loudonville academy, and studied medicine with E. B. Fuller and was also a graduate of Buffalo university. He was a doctor of the old school. He was the father of the present Dr. C. B. Scott.

On June 19, 1899, there was a severe storm and rainfall in the Clearfork valley near Loudonville. The river rose so suddenly that a Mr. Hunter who lived not far from the stream, had no time to escape and nine days after his partly decomposed body was found at a point six miles below where he had lived. The illustrations show some of the work of the flood.

E. F. Shelley, although born in Wayne county, is now one of Loudonville 's most prominent citizens, and is president of the Loudonville Savings Bank. Mr. Shelley is also a member of the advisory board of this work.

Source changes here: from History of Ashland Country Ohio, by A.J.Baughman, published 1909; 2,407 words in this source stream.

Hanover Township

Hanover township has been called the goodly land, with a health-giving climate and a wealth-giving soil; a country of beautiful landscapes, a land of rugged hills and charming valleys; a land where the esthetic and ideal harmonize and blend with the practical and real, forming an earthly elysium.

Hanover is the most southern township in Ashland county; a part of its territory is quite hilly, in fact some of its hills have altitudes almost like mountains, but the greater part of the township is adapted to cultivation and is not excelled for fertility by any other township in the county.

The Clearfork of the Mohican enters Hanover from near the northwest corner of the township, and after flowing an average southeasterly course about five miles, unites with the Blackfork and forms the Mohican. There is not the distance of a mile along the Clearfork that does not afford sufficient fall and volume of water sufficient to turn a mill the year round. Its channel is narrow and rapid, and confined within high banks, and the scenery along the stream is magnificently grand.

The Blackfork enters Hanover township at Loudonville, and pursues a southwesterly course about three miles, when it unites with the Clearfork. In the years agone a little town sprang up at the juncture of the forks, and a carding machine was built and operated there for a number of years, as also was a sawmill.

Hanover township was surveyed in the year 1807, by General James Hedges, deputy surveyor under General Jarad Mansfield, who was then the surveyorgeneral of the United States. The township was organized in November, 1818. The population two years later was one hundred and eighteen.

The first election was held on the 7th of November, 1818, fifteen votes being cast. The following are the names of the electors: Thomas Taylor, Robert Dawson, George Davidson, George Snider, Anthony Zeers, William Burwell, George Davidson, Jr., Amos Harbaugh, William Webb, Ransom Clark, Abner Winters, Stephen Butler, John Lisar, Abel Strong, and John Burwell. The following are part of the officers elected: Clerk, Abel Strong; trustees, John Hilderbrand, Abner Winters, and George Davidson ; treasurer, Amos Harbaugh.

Loudonville, the only town in Hanover township, was laid out August 16, 1814, by Stephen Butler and James Loudon Priest. The following sketch of Loudonville was written by Miss Mary E. Stewart, in about 1863:

'<The town of Loudonville was laid out in 1814, by James Loudon Priest and Stephen Butler. The beauty of the surrounding country, the mildness of the climate and the fertility of the soil, attracted the attention of the pioneer, and, in many cases, induced him to rear his humble dwelling upon some of our beautiful land and make it his future home.

When the town was laid out there was but a single dwelling in the place. It was a log cabin, owned by Stephen Butler, and although it had but one room, it was a hotel as well as the dwelling place of two families.

''Owing to the many hardships which emigrants to the far west (it was then called the far west) had to endure, and the difficulties they were obliged to encounter, the town improved but little during the first few years of its existence. In the year 1813, Mr. Caleb Chappel immigrated, with his family, to the then far west, and settled, for a short time, in Knox county, a few miles south of Loudonville. He assisted in surveying the grounds where the town now lies, and, in the spring of 1814, he entered land adjoining the town. The remainder of the year was spent in clearing the timber off the farm, erecting a log house, and preparing the grounds for use by the next spring. In the spring of 1815 he removed his family to his farm, which joins the northwestern corner of the town. Everything was new; and the many inconveniences with which they had to contend, and the dangers to which they were exposed, can only be known to those who have left comfortable homes, and taken up their abode in the wilds of a new country.

''Wild animals roamed at iarge through the surrounding forests, and the Indians built their fires and held their councils in the neighboring woods. Mr. Chappel's nearest neighbor was Mr. Butler; he was the squire, the tavern keeper, and, in fact, the only man in town. Mr. James Loudon Priest lived some five miles east, and Mr. Oliver three miles to the west. The nearest places for trading were Wooster and Mansfield, then small towns, containing a limited number of buildings and inhabitants. The dress mostly worn by the male portion of the community consisted of a loose hunting shirt, made of homemade linsey, being sometimes red, and sometimes blue. Those made of blue linsey were trimmed with a red fringe, and those made of red were trimmed with blue fringe. A pair of pantaloons made of the same material; a pair of stont moccasins; a cap made frequently of rabbit skin; a broad, black belt, worn around the waist, to which was attached a large knife, and frequently a tomahawk and gun, completed the dress of the early settler..

Pantaloons made of deerskin were generally worn by hunters. The female dress was made of either flannel, linen, linsey, or calico - the calico being the most expensive, as the others were manufactured at home. Such was the dress worn by the early settlers of our country, contrasting greatly with the dashing style of the fast young man and modern belle of the present age; and no doubt many a young American would consider it far beneath his dignity to acknowledge such was the simple dress worn by his forefathers.

Citizens Savings Bank

"One of the greatest disadvantages with which the early settlers had to contend was, that of educating their children. There was no school for some time after the town was incorporated; and the great cause of education was greatly neglected. At length, the people of the village and the neighboring country, seeing the necessity of establishing a school in their midst, convened together for the purpose of taking the matter into consideration. They soon came to the conclusion to build a schoolhouse and to procure a teacher who was worthy and capable of imparting instruction to the rising generation. <A subscription was raised for the purpose of building it, and it was not long before it was entirely completed. It was made of planks, stood upright, and weatherboarded on the outside; it had a shingle roof, then a great rarity. It occupied a very conspicuous place on the public square and was about eighteen feet long and fourteen feet wide, with a door in front, and three windows on each side of the room. A large fireplace occupied one end of the room and benches were placed along the sides. Taking all things into consideration, it was quite a respectable looking building, and served for many years as a public building for almost every purpose - for holding meetings, both religious and _ political. The system of public schools not being then established, the schools were all raised by subscription, and was seldom in session more than three months in a year.

''In October, 1834, a printing office was established in Loudonville. The paper was called 'Mohican Advocate and Hanover Journal.' The proprietor was a Mr. Rogers. For want of patronage, the publication was suspended after having reached six numbers.

'The mail in those days was carried on horseback, and when the first stage coach made its appearance, it was an object of wonder to the people in general. The day of the arrival of the stage was always looked forward to with much expectation, and people would gather around the Country Inn to await its arrival and to scrutinize the passengers.

''The first sale of lots was made on the 14th day of September, 1814. The proceeds of the sale were small. The first justice of the peace who was elected, living within the town of Loudonville, was Stephen Butler.

'""Brom 1817 untl about 1830, a direct trade, by means of flatboats, was conducted with Louisville and New Orleans - the boats passing down the Black Fork into the Mohican, then into the White Woman, (or Walhonding, as it is now named) thence into the Muskingum, and thence into the Ohio. These boats were generally freighted with flour and whisky, and would carry about fortyfive tons. The completion of the Muskingum improvement and Walhonding canal cut off this trade. During the period of this commercial intercourse with New Orleans, flour at Loudonville would command from two dollars and a half to three dollars per barrel, and would sell at the former place for five and six dollars.

''In the legislation connected with the internal improvement system undertaken by the state of Ohio, the town of Loudonville and the Black Fork of the Mohican occupied no inferior space. At a very early day the Black Fork was declared by legislative enactment to be within the purview of the fourth Article of the Ordinance of 1787, which proclaimed the navigable waters leading into the

Mississippi and St. Lawrence, and the carrying places between the same, as 'common highways, and forever free, as well to the inhabitants of the said territory, as to the citizens of the United States, and those of any other states that may be admitted into the confederacy, without any tax, impost, or duty therefor.'

'"The Walhonding canal was commenced with the intention and expectation of extending it up the branches of the river of that name, to Loudonville, on the Black Fork, and to Mt. Vernon, on the 'Vernon river,' or, as it was and is more generally known, the 'Owl creek,' also called the 'Kokosing.'

'(A few days previous to the time designated for advertising the letting of the work, a communication was made to the board of public works by the commissioners of the canal fund, then in New York, notifying the board that money could not then be borrowed at the rate authorized by law, and urging that the work for a time be suspended.

""The suspension proved to be indefinite; and thus, after a few spasmodic but ineffectual revivals, ended a project which, had it been successful, would, in all probability, have made Loudonville at this day the seat of justice of one of the most flourishing counties in northern Ohio. It was only the protracted period of financial embarrassment that immediately succeeded the year above mentioned, an embarrassment involving all the productive interests of the country as well as corporations and states, that defeated the construction of the improvement of the Black Fork."'

One of the most prominent men in Hanover township was Judge George H. Stewart, who was born in Alexandria, Huntington county, Pennsylvania, October 9, 1809. When a boy in his teens he went to Amagh, Pennsylvania, and clerked in a store for two years. It was at the time of the making of the Pennsylvania railroad and the Portage canal over the Allegheny mountains. 'Judge Stewart came to Loudonville in the summer of 1833, and was one of the early merchants of the town.

He commenced the mercantile business at a time when the people were talking about building a canal up the White Woman and Mohican. Stewart, having had experience in canaling, took an active part in procuring a law for a state canal to Loudonville, and the law was passed while General William McLaughlin, of Mansfield, was our state senator, and it was through his untiring labor in the legislature that the bill was passed and the canal. was located to Loudonville, and advertised for letting, but before it was commenced the legislature abolished all state works not commenced, and they failed to get a canal. In 1835-36, when the question of organizing Ashland county was agitated, he took an active part in bringing it about, and was sent to Columbus several times to lobby for the undertaking, spending his time and paying his own expenses.

In 1845-6 his efforts were rewarded, and in 1845 he was appointed associate judge for Ashland county, which office he held seven years. From 1846 to 1850 he took an active part in the construction of the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago railroad, for which he secured the right of way through Holmes, Ashland and a part of Wayne and Richland counties, and in 1851 purchased a tract of land of David Foltz in Wayne county, and laid out what is now called Shreve, a station on the railroad above mentioned. He was employed by the railroad company as station agent for ten years.

E. B. Fuller, father of the late Dr. Amos B. Fuller and grandfather of the present Dr. Fuller, was born in New York in 1799, and married Sarah Culver, in Tioga county, Pennsylvania. In 1831 he first settled in Loudonville, and began the practice of medicine; was a doctor of the old school; was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. In politics he was a democrat, one of the liberal kind, bitterly opposed to the fugitive slave law. In 1856 two fugitives came to his house early in the morning. He fed them and sent them to Robert 'Wilson, where they were cared for and taken beyond the reach of United States marshals, bloodhounds, ete.

Andrew J. Scott was born in Ashland county in 1827; attended school at the Ashland academy while Loren Andrews was proprietor, and also at Vermillion institute at Hayesville. For two years he taught in the Loudonville academy, and studied medicine with E. B. Fuller and was also a graduate of Buffalo university. He was a doctor of the old school. He was the father of the . present Dr. C. B. Scott.

On June 19, 1899, there was a severe storm and rainfall in the Clearfork valley near Loudonville. The river rose so suddenly that a Mr. Hunter who lived not far from the stream, had no time to escape and nine days after his partly decomposed body was found at a point six miles below where he had lived. The illustrations show some of the work of the flood.

E. F. Shelley, although born in Wayne county, is now one of Loudonville's most prominent citizens, and is president of the Loudonville Savings Bank. Mr. Shelley is also a member of the advisory board of this work.