Licking Township (part 15 of 42)

ana, Michigan and Illinois, traveling annually about three thousand miles. Upon retiring from that work he settled in Crawford County, and at the same time he had charge of the church in Utica. In 1856 he settled in this city and devoted his entire attention to church work. He was a very strict adherent to the creed of the Reformed Presbyterian Church, and was held in high esteem by its synod. He was married in 1850, and his union resulted in the birth of one daughter. His death, June 3, 1886, was deeply mourned, not alone by relatives and the congregation to which he had so long ministered, but also by all the citizens of Utica, irrespective of religious beliefs.

WASHINGTON J. HENDERSON. The success which has attended the efforts of this gentleman during the twentytwo years covering the period of his residence in Newark is such as to prove conclusively the possession of excellent business qualifications on his part. Becoming a resident of Newark in 1872, he entered the employ of the Baltimore & Ohio Railway Company and for a time worked on repairs. He was lumber agent for the road and later had charge of car repairing. Upon embarking in business for himself, he opened a plumbing and steam fitting establishment, in which for sometime he was associated with his son, William A., who is a practical mechanic. In 1891 he became sole proprietor of the business, which he now conducts in addition to the manufacture of awnings and tents.

Washington J., the sou of Charles and Jane (Moffatt) Henderson, was born near Zanesville, Muskingum County, Ohio, January 10, 1842. His father was born in the North of Ireland of Scotch-Irish descent about 1808. When sixteen years old he left his native land, accompanied by his sister, and came to the United States. They never afterward heard from their relatives on the Emerald Isle. The sister married Charles Stewart and settled in Bremen, Ohio. In 1811 Charles Henderson came to Ohio and settled in Muskingum County. After coming to this country, and before locating in Ohio, he married in Pennsylvania a Miss Doniker, who died in Muskingum Count}', after having had nine children. Of this family only two attained mature years: Mary, the deceased wife of Stephen Cams, and John, a retired farmer residing near Zanesville, and now (1894) eighty-three years old.

The second marriage of Charles Henderson united him with Jane Moffatt, who was born in Pennsylvania, but at the time of her marriage lived in Muskingum County, Ohio. Nine children were born to this union, of whom seven attained years of maturity. Matilda married William Huffman, of Zanesville; Rebecca, deceased, was the wife of Robert Stuart; Sarah, who married Andrew Maloney, died in Muskingum County; Agnes became the wife of Freeh Shambliu and resides in Muskingum County; Thompson is car inspector for the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad; Cynthia, who became the wife of Rev. A. H. Amrine, of Bridgeport, Ohio, is deceased. The father was a farmer by occupation and became the owner of a valuable farm upon which his life was ended at the age of eighty-six.

The next to the youngest child of the father's second marriage is the subject of this notice, who resided on the home farm until nineteen, meantime attending the common schools. Upon leaving the farm he served as the employe of the United States Government for twenty-two months, working as a carpenter. For eighteen years he was in the employ of the Baltimore &, Ohio Railroad Company, commencing as a carpenter. While filling the position of car inspector he went daily to Junction City for two years, his purpose being to inspect cars received from the Ohio Central Railroad for the Baltimore & Ohio.

The first marriage of Mr. Henderson united him with Sarah E., daughter of William Winn, of Muskingum County. At her death she left six children, viz.: Eury E., the wife of John Freeman and a resident of Newark; William A., a plumber; Leafy, wife of Harry Fordyce, of Newark; Bertha, Walter and Edna. The present wife of Mr. Hen- derson bore the maiden name of Clara A. Abmyer and was a daughter of Isaac Abmyer, of Summerfield, Ohio, where she was born. One child has blessed this union, a daughter, Ruth.

Politically Mr. Henderson is a Democrat, and at the age of twenty-one he was elected Township Clerk, in which capacity he served for two terms. Later he tilled the position of Justice of the Peace for one term. Twice he was elected a member of the Board of Education of Newark, of which he has been both clerk and president. At the age of twenty-one he was made a Mason and is now Past Master of Newark Lodge No. 97, A. F. & A. M., Past High Priest of Warren Chapter No. 6, R. A. M., and is a Knight Templar. He also affiliates with Golden Rule Lodge No. 100, A. O. U. W. His residence is a commodious and well appointed structure at No. 425 East Main street.

IISON UNIVERSITY. Intimately associated with the progress of Ohio, with the development of its material resources, has been the attention devoted to the cultivation of the intellect and the development of the powers of the mind. Among the institutions of learning that have contributed to the mental progress of the people few are more widely known throughout the state than the Denison University of Granville. This is one of the olders educational institutions of the state, having been founded in 1831.

The movement resulting in the establishment of the University originated in the minds of a few prominent Baptists, who succeeded in interesting the Ohio Baptist Educational Society in the project. A farm of two hundred acres on the Columbus road, a mile and a-half west of Granville was offered as the site for the institution, and the offer being accepted, buildings were soon afterward erected, and in October, 1831, Rev. John Pratt, of South Reading, Mass., was invited to become Principal of the school. He accepted the invitation and opened the school on the 13th of December following.

The large building upon the farm was enlarged and remodeled, and when just completed was destroyed by fire, in May, 1832. A new structure was erected on the site of the old one, at a cost of $5,000, and in this the school was opened December 17, 1832. During the first quarter thirty-seven students were in attendance, the eldest of whom was thirty-seven and the youngest eight. At the opening of the second collegiate year Professor Pratt was joined by Pascal Carter, of South Reading, Mass., who was connected with the institution the ensuing twenty years, while Professor Pratt reremained for twenty-eight years.

What is now Denison University was incorporated under the laws of the state of Ohio, by the Legislature thereof, February 3, 1832, under the name of the "Granville Literary and Theological Institution." In Januarj', 1845, the name was changed to Granville College, and this was changed June 25, 1856, to the name now borne. It was so named in honor of William Denison, of Adamsville, Ohio, in accordance with an early vote of the Trustees that the first donor of $10,000 or more to the institution should have the privilege of naming it.

The University was moved from the farm to its present site in 1856. The buildings are located on a beautiful hill less than a-half mile from the public square. The grounds cover twenty-four acres, of which almost one-half is a grove of old forest trees. The University buildings contain study and dormitory rooms for one hundred and seventy-eight students, and chapel, recitation rooms and other rooms for general use. Five buildings are now owned by the University, namely: College Hall, containing chapel, lecture room, laboratories and dormitories; Academy Hall, containing literary society halls, recitation rooms and dormitories; Doane Hall, containing a finely equipped library; Barney Memorial Hall, the finest science building in the state; the President's residence, a comfortable frame structure; and Granville Academy, originally organized as a preparatory department to the University, but in 1887 merged into a sep- arate school. The original frame college building is used as a gymnasium. The faculty contains men of eminent abilities in their varied departments, and the University justly ranks among the most prominent institutions in the state.

JACOB VANDENBARK, a general farmer of Hanover Township, was born in Licking Township, Muskingum County, Ohio, September 27, 1832, and is the son of Gersham and Mary (Beard) Vandenbark, both of whom were natives of New Jersey. They came to Muskingum County in 1801 with their respective parents and were married and spent their remaining years there, the father following the occupation of an agriculturist. He was the first to pass from earth, and his wife followed him seven years after his demise.

There were six children in the parental family, ail of whom married and became the heads of families, but only two are now living, Jacob and Mary, Mrs. Reuben Knight. Under the parental roof our subject was reared to manhood, giving his father the benefit of his services until he attained his majority. In boyhood he attended the district schools whenever the opportunity was afforded, and spending the vacations in farm work, early gained a thorough comprehension of agricultural duties. When the time came to choose a life occupation, he naturally selected the one with which he was most familiar, and to agriculture he has since devoted his attention.

February 27, 1855, occurred the marriage of Mr. Vandenbark to Miss Helen Virginia Bealmear, who was born in Muskingum County, August 31, 1838. Her parents, Dr. Thomas and Susan (Shipley) Bealmear, were natives of Baltimore, Md., but came to Muskingum County at an early day, and there the father engaged in the practice of the medical profession until his death. To Mr. and Mrs. Vandenbark ten children have been born. nine of whom are living. Rosa, who became the wife of Randolph Brown, died in 1879, after having had two children. Flora is the wife of Z. H. McKnight,of Perry Township, and the mother of three children. Ollie, now Mrs. Newton C. Smith, lives in Zanesville, Ohio, and has four children. Thomas, of Granville Township, married Miss Bessie Barnes and has four children. Emma became the wife of Jasper Siler, of Newark, and they have three children. Ella, wife of William Smart and mother of three children, lives in Indianapolis, where Mr. Smart is in the employ of a railroad company. Mattie is the wife of E. P. Stone, Jr., of Columbus, Ohio, and they are the parents of three children. Jacob, Jr., is unmarried and manages the home farm. Carrie is the wife of Frank Richards, a railroad employe residing in Newark. Blanche married Austin Howe, of Hanover Township.

An active, progressive citizen, Mr. Vandenbark possesses the confidence and esteem of all who know him. A stanch Republican in politics, he has never been desirous of official honors, but has devoted his attention strictly to personal matters. In religious matters his views are liberal. Upon his farm in Hanover Township he has resided since 1855. The place consists of two hundred and eleven acres of excellent land, upon which have been introduced all the improvements of a model estate. The soil is well tilled, and as the result of careful cultivation is highly productive.

MRS. EMILY ARMSTRONG was born in Newark Township, where she now resides, and is a daughter of Judge William Taylor, whose sketch is presented on another page of this volume. In the public schools of Newark she laid the foundation for the broad range of information she now possesses, and completed her education in the female seminary at Granville, Ohio. There were eight sons and two daughters in her father's family, only four of whom are now living, those beside herself being,

In 1852 Emily Taylor became the wife of Jackson Davis, who died ten years later. Four children had been born of their union, namely: Lucius Edgar, who married Estella A. Brown, and they, witli their two sons, Sturgis B. and Lucius C, reside on a farm near Columbus, Ohio; Mary Alice, who resides with her mother; George A., an agriculturist, who operates the home farm, and William S., of Milford, Kan., who is engaged in farming and stock-raising upon a farm of three hundred and sixty acres owned by himself and his brother George.

The second marriage of our subject occurred in 1867, at which time she became the wife of John T. Armstrong, who came to Licking County in 1837. Two children blessed this union: Nellie E. and Mattie May. The members of the family have received excellent educational advantages. William S. is a graduate of a commercial college at Pittsburg, Pa. Mary Alice was educated in the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware. Nellie and Mattie attended the Newark High School and Granville Female Seminary, and are accomplished young ladies, Nellie having a fine musical education, and Mattie having devoted especial attention to vocal culture. For four years Nellie taught in the schools of Madison and Granville Townships, and for two years has been a teacher in the public school of Granville.

Since the death of Mr. Armstrong in 1872, his widow has superintended the management of the farm. From her father she inherited a portion of her present estate of one hundred and thirty-three acres, and Mr. Davis subsequently purchased a tract of equal dimensions. The residence is an elegant structure of brick, built in the Gothic style of architecture, and contains all the modern conveniences. Mr. Davis was a Baptist in religious faith, and Mr. Armstrong belonged to the Presbyterian Church at Jackson town. Mrs. Armstrong, with her daughters and son, William S., holds membership in the Newark Baptist Church, and George is identified in the Licking Baptist Church. They are regular attendants at Sunday-school, in which the youngest daughter is a teacher, and are also prominent in the social meetings and other enterprises undertaken by the church. The sons are Democrats in their political views, and may always be relied upon to cast a straight ticket for the candidates of that party.

THOMAS FOSTER, the owner of more than two hundred acres of well tilled land, and a prosperous farmer of Jersey Township, was born in Staffordshire, England, April 13, 1827, and is a son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Babb) Foster, natives of the same shire. In the parental family there were six children, three sons and three daughters, four of whom are now living, namely: Ellen, the widow of John H. Hughes; Eliza, widow of David Jones; Sarah, also a widow; and Thomas, of this sketch.

Emigrating to America in 1833, Thomas Foster, Sr., came direct to Newark, Ohio, and after a sojourn of six weeks there, moved to Liberty Township, where he remained until after all his children were married. Then purchasing one hundred acres of land in Liberty Township, he gave his attention to its cultivation, and increased its boundaries by the purchase of one hundred and fifty acres. On selling that property, he moved to Etna, and after two years there he started with a party to Idaho, but died en route, in 1865. His wife had died some years before his demise. They were both members of the United Brethren Church, in which he officiated as a Class-leader. For his second wife he married Martha, daughter of David and Elizabeth Thomas, and she is also deceased.

The paternal grandfather of our subject, Thomas Foster, was a farmer by occupation, and died in England at the age of seventy years. He reared a family of six children, who came to America. In religious views he was identified with the Church of England. Our subject's maternal grandfather, Geoffrey Babb, was a farmer and also served as a soldier in the British army. His death occurred at the age of eighty years. The subject of this sketch was five years old when his parents came to Ohio, and since then he had resided continuously in Licking County.

August 22, 1852, occurred the marriage of our subject and Miss Mary Jane, daughter of William and Elizabeth (Disbennett) Burnsides. Four children were born to them, William, Thomas, Charles Burton and Lura Inez, deceased. William is married and has three children; Charles B. is also married and has two children, Daisy and Willie. After the death of his first wife, our subject was again married, in September, 1870, choosing as his wife Miss Zela T., daughter of Joseph and Jane Martin. In their religious connections they are identified with the Presbyterian Church. Politically he advocates the principles for which the Republican party stands, and always gives preference to the candidates of that political organization. At the present time, though owning more than two hundred acres, he engages in the cultivation of only about fifty acres, and this tract bears all the improvements of a first-class farm.

<Tpr NDREW JACKSON CADA was born in r - \ Bennington County, Vt., November 20, 1834, and is a son of Mowry and Abigail (Barber) Cada, the former a native of Rhode Island, and the latter of Bennington County, Vt. In 1836 the family came to Licking County, Ohio, and on the 8th of July settled on the farm in Mc- Kean Township now owned by our subject. There were four children, but one died in childhood. The others are, A. J., the first-born; Phebe C, wife of Frederick Smith, of McKean Township; and Sabra C, now Mrs. Alex Little field, of Jasper County, Ind. The parents are deceased, the father having died in 1889 and the mother in September of 1893.

place, having removed thence at the age of two years. His entire life has, with that exception, been spent upon the place he now occupies. Succeeding to the ownership of the bomestead, he has extended its boundaries until he now owns three hundred and eightj'-five acres of good land, improved with excellent buildings. In politics he is a Democrat and takes an active interest in the success of his party. He has held a number of local offices, the duties of which he has discharged faithfully and with success. September 20, 1860, he was united in marriage with Miss Mary Ann Conard, a native of Liberty Township, Licking County. They are the parents of three sons, namely: Joel M., who is married and is engaged in farming in Newark Township; Joseph E. and Charles G., both of whom are at home.

JOHN T. HUGHS, Superintendent of the Licking County Infirmary, was born in West Carlisle, Coshocton County, Ohio, September 25, 1843. At the age of ten years he came with his father to Licking County and settled in Eden Township, remaining with him until his death seven years later. Prior to that, however, he had learned from him the trade of a blacksmith and soon afterward began to follow the trade in Eden Township, remaining thus engaged until December 7, 1891.

In Eden Township, December 16, 1868, Mr. Hughs was united in marriage with Miss Mary E. Harriman, who was born in this township, December 12, 1850. Two children have been born of the union: Louis M., who is the wife of H. W. Colville, and Frank C. While a resident of Eden Township Mr. Hughs took an active part in local affairs and was the incumbent of several township offices. In his political adherence he has always advocated Democratic principles, and is prominent in the ranks of this political organization.

Infirmary, and this position he has since filled to the satisfaction of all concerned. The Infirmary is one of the largest institutions of the kind in Ohio and has accommodations for about one hundred and fifty inmates. It is conducted upon strictly business principles, in a most efficient and capable manner, and the neat appearance of the building and its surroundings proves the energy and excellent management of the Superintendent. Social^' Mr. Hughs is a member of Utica Lodge No. 777, I. O. O. F.

DAVID M. HARRIS was born July 23, 1840, in Washington Township, where he now resides, engaged in general agricultural pursuits. He is the son of Stephen and Mary (Donnelly) Harris, who upon coming to the Buckeye Slate settled in Washington Township, Licking County, where the father purchased an unimproved tract of land, paying therefor $1.25 per acre. As a farmer he was enterprising, progressive and capable, displaying such discretion in the management of his affairs, that he accumulated about seven hundred acres of fine land. He did not attain old age, but passed from earth in 1861, at the age of fifty-nine years. In his political preferences he was always firm in the support of the Democracy, while in religious matters he was identified with the ChristianChurch. Our subject's grandfather, Stephen Harris, Sr., also came to Ohio and settled in Licking County.

There were eight children in the parental family, as follows: Felix, a resident of Washington Township; Elias B., a railroad man who was killed in a railroad wreck at Independence; Amanda, who is married and lives in Newark; William, whose death occurred in California; James, a resident of Eden Township; David M., of this sketch; Calvin, whose home is also in Washington Township; and Johanna, who married A. D. Seward, of St. Louisville. The subject of this sketch was reared on the home farm, and early acquiring a thorough knowledge of agricultural pursuits, chose farming as his life work, when starting out for himself. His educational advantages were rather limited, though whenever opportunity offered, he was a student in the local schools.

When establishing a home, Mr. Harris was united in marriage with Miss Eunice, daughter of Nathan Thrapp, and three children came to bless their home, Ada, Allen and Lee. The year 1863 witnessed the location of our subject on his present farm, where he has since engaged in the raising of cereals as well as in the sheep industry. In the latter department of agriculture he has met with flattering success. His farm consists of two hundred and twenty acres of land, divided by neat fences into pastures and fields of convenient size, and containing all the modern improvements.

Mr. Harris is an earnest and enthusiastic member of the Democratic party, and his advocacy of political principles is intelligent and convincing. He is a man of influence in his locality, and has held a number of local offices, including that of Township Trustee, in which he rendered efficient service. He finds a broad field of usefulness in the Christian Church, and is now serving as one of its Elders. He is devoted to the welfare of Licking County, and believes it to be the garden spot of the earth.

V^ T With the exception of nine years spent in Columbus, this gentleman has been a lifelong resident of Licking County and is the owner of a farm of one hundred and fifty-three acres situated one mile from Fataskala. He was born July 10, 1819, and is one of seven children comprising the family of Hiram and Sarah (Smith) Gilbert, the father a native of New York State and the mother born in New Jersey.

Coming to Licking County at an early period of its history, Hiram Gilbert resided for a short time at Granville, but from there went to Colum- bus, Franklin County. On his return to Licking County he settled in Jersey Township and became one of its honored and energetic citizens. His death occurred at Columbia about 1874, when seventy-two years of age. He was one the heroes of the War of 1812, and was ever loyal to our Government. A farmer by occupation, he succeeded in clearing a farm in Jersey Township, upon which he placed a substantial set of improvements. His wife survived his decease a number of years.

The maternal grandfather of our subject bore the name of Peter Smith and was a native of New Jersey. By occupation he was an agriculturist. Removing with the tide of emigration he became one of the pioneer settlers of Licking County and here he continued to make his home, engaged in his chosen occupation, until the age of eighty-nine years, when he passed from earth. He and his wife had twelve children. In religious faith he adhered to the doctrines of the Baptist Church, of which he was long a worthy and consistent member.

The subject of this sketch was reared in Jersey Township and remained beneath the parental roof until he had attained man's estate. He then operated a rented farm, and saving his earnings, he was enabled after a term of years to purchase a tract of thirty acres. Later, selling his property, he bought fifty acres and from that time added to his possessions until at one time he owned four hundred acres. As above stated, his entire life has been passed in Licking County with the exception of nine years, during which time he was engaged in the meat business at Columbus.

In all his undertakings Mr. Gilbert has received the efficient co-operation of his estimable wife, whom he married March 11, 1840. She bore the maiden name of Abigail Shambaugh, and by her marriage has had six sons and six daughters, viz: Mary, Hiram, Sarah, Elijah, Jane, John, George, James, Charles, Lenora, Martha and Charity. Of these Elijah, Lenora, Martha, Charles, Hiram and Charity are deceased. Mary is the widow of Jacob Hoffman and the mother of five children, Lenora, William, Gilbert, Nellie and James. Sarah married Robert White, and they are the parents of eight living children, as follows; Elizabeth, Ella,

Myrtle, Charity, Blanche, Charles, Jessie and Bessie. John chose as his wife Miss Sarah Williams, and they have three children, Stella, Edna and Ruth. George and his wife, whose maiden name was Nora McFee, have three children, George, Lena and Wilmer. James married Miss Luella Beems, who died in 1884, after having become the mother of two children, Edith and Georgia.

In religious belief Mr. Gilbert is a Universalist. Politically, he advocates the men and measures supported by the Republican party, and hasalways been a loyal, patriotic citizen. He had five brothers in the late war, Charles, Ezra, Elias, Hiram and Perry, and the last named was confined in Andersonville for fifteen months, enduring all the horrors of that prison den. To all measures calculated to promote the welfare of the people Mr. Gilbert gives his earnest allegiance, and while advancing his personal interests has also promoted the prosperit}' of the county.

PETER W. DUMBAULD, a resident farmer of Bennington Township, was born in Fayette County, Pa., April 1, 1810, and is I a son of Frederick and Christina (Wolfe) Dumbauld. The father was born in Fayette County, June 18, 1785, and died at the age of eighty years. The mother, a native of Franklin County, Pa., died July 15, 1825, in her forty-third year. The great-grandmother of our subject on his father's side was a native of Germany, and a relative of the Hager family, who founded the city of Hagerstown, Md.

Born soon after the close of the Revolutionary War, and when our country was still imperiled from foes without and the no less treacherous Indians within, Frederick Dumbauld passed his childhood years amid somewhat exciting scenes, and several times he was taken with the women and other children to the blockhouses to escape Indian massacre. In 1831 he brought his family to Perry County, Ohio, and thence removed in the spring of 1850 to Liberty Township, Licking County. At the same time our subject came to Bennington Township and settled on his present farm.

Of the parental family, Abel, the eldest, died in Monroe Township, and Joseph, next in order of birth, passed away in Johnson County, Iowa. Elizabeth, Catherine and Magdalena married and died in Liberty Township. Our subject is nest as regards age. David and his wife died in Coffey Count)', Kan. Nancy is a widow and lives in Liberty Towship. Mary died in childhood. While residing in Perry County, Ohio, September 2, 1836, Mr. Dumbauld married Miss Margaret, daughter of Peter Cooperider, an early settler of that county.

This union has resulted in the birth of eleven children, two of whom have been taken by death. Hannah married John B. Hall and resides in Bennington Township. Harriet, wife of Abram Crotinger, lives in McLean County, 111. Frederick married Algena Runnels, and lives in Lyon County, Kan. Levi, a prominent resident of Lyon County, Kan., has served as State Senator, and was also elected to the Lower House of the Legislature by the Populists. He lias been twice married, his first wife being Ella Myer, and his second Maggie Bryner. Peter chose as his wife Mary Patton, and they make their home in Sylvania, Licking County. Mary, wife of Nelson Hall, resides in Bennington Township. Noah wedded Emma lies, and lives on a farm adjoining the parental homestead. Joseph M. first married Lovina Lemming and afterward was united with Hattie Row'; he is now a widower. Orlando wedded Jennie Rice, and they live in Coffey Count)', Kan. Sarah Elizabeth became the wife of Col. Ellsworth Dixson, and dying, left three children. The children have been the recipients of excellent educational advantages, and several of them are talented musicians, while others have followed the profession of school teaching with success.

The family attends the German Reformed Church, of which Mr. Dumbauld became a member in 1835. His political convictions are in accordance with the policy pursued by the Democratic party, of which he has ever been a firm adherent. For six years he served in the Ohio militia and was First Lieutenant of his company. When starting out for himself at the age of twenty-six he had nothing except willing hands and a healthy body, but industry and economy have made him well-to-do, and he is now numbered among the prosperous farmers of the township.

JOSUHA WESLEY WRIGHT. The members of a successful farming community are always depended upon to furnish the bone and sinew of our social, commercial and national life. A country, no matter how rich, which is under the control of unreliable and shiftless farmers can help very little, if at all, in building up villages, towns and cities which will prove of value to the world. The financial and social progress of Licking County has been greatly promoted by the efforts of its native born sons. Such an one is the subject of this sketch, a farmer of McKean Township.

The Wright family traces its lineage to England, whence people of that name emigrated to America and settled in Pennsylvania prior to the opening of the Revolutionary War. The grandfather of our subject was one of the loyal citizens, who during the second war with the Mother Country, faithfully defended the interests of the United States. The parents of our subject, Joshua and Betsy (Baumgardner) Wright, were both natives of Huntingdon County, Pa., who there resided until 1830, the date of their advent into McKean Township, Licking County.

In the township where he now lives the subject of this sketch was born, October 21, 1832. His educational advantages were somewhat limited, but to the information gained in the common schools he has since added by reading and observation, thus keeping himself abreast with the times. Trained to farm work, he selected agriculture as his life calling, and this he has since followed. Beginning for himself, he settled on the farm where he has since resided and where he now owns one hundred and fifty-three acres. Upon this he has from time to time erected needed buildings, and now possesses a full complement of farm structures. Mc- Kean Township has been his life-long home with the exception of one year in Burlington Township, a few months in Newark Township, and one year in Newton Township, this being in early manhood; also a few years spent with his father and mother in Winnebago County, Wis., this being in youth. The marriage of Mr. Wright occurred in 1855, at which time he was united with Miss Mary Bevard, who was born on an adjoining farm and is a member of one of Licking County's old families. They are the parents of three sons, all grown to manhood, Wesley, Thomas Calvin and John Judson, who are engaged in agricultural pursuits. The Democratic party claims the hearty allegiance and co-operation of Mr. Wright, and while he is not a politician in the ordinary acceptance of that word, he has filled local offices, including that of Supervisor.

JOHN BARRICK. The Barrick family was founded in this country some time during the eighteenth centuty, and for fifty years or more John Barrick and his wife have resided upon the farm in McKean Township where they still make their home. The estate consists of one hundred and fifty-six acres, upon which have been placed all the improvements of a model farm. The soil is under a high state of cultivation, the buildings commodious and adapted to their varied purposes, and the surroundings indicate the energetic and thrifty disposition of the owner.

A native of Pennsylvania, the subject of this sketch was born in Mifflin County, April 30, 1818. He is the son of Henry and Mary (Nailor) Barrick. The former was born in Maryland in 1780 of Holland parentage, and served as a soldier in the War of 1812. The latter was born in Pennsylvania of English descent on the father's side. The maternal grandfather of Mr. Barrick was William Nailor, an Englishman by birth, who went to Lancaster County, Pa., about 1750, and later removed to York County, where he was for several years engaged in the nursery business. He was for some years one of John Wesley's lay preachers. A man of some prominence, he was successful in business and accumulated considerable property. Mrs. Barrick's parents were William and Mary (Porter) Hays, the latter a native of Huntingdon County, Pa. The former came from Ireland and was of Scotch-Irish parents. They were prominently identified with the old Seeeder's Church. Both passed away in Huntingdon Count}', Pa.

Our subject had very limited advantages in boyhood, being for a short time a student in the old-fashioned subscription schools of that day. Self-culture, however, has added to the information acquired through his limited schooling. He has been an extensive reader and thoughtful observer and is a well informed man.

Reared upon a farm, Mr. Barrick has made agriculture his life occupation with the exception of a short time spent as a clerk in his brother's store. On the 10th of January, 1843, he married Miss Nancy Hays, who was born in Huntingdon County, Pa., October 30, 1821, being the daughter. of William and Mary Hays. The year following their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Barrick came to Ohio and settled on the farm where they still reside. They have never had any children of their own, but have reared four children of Mrs. Barrick's sister, whom they nurtured in youth and assisted when starting out in life. In religious belief they are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church and contribute liberally to the cause of Christianity.

In early life Mr. Barrick was a Whig, but upon the disintegration of that party and the organization of the Republican party he cast his lot with the latter, the principles of which he has since supported with loyalty. In local affairs he is active and influential and has been the incumbent of a number of offices, including those of Township Supervisor and School Director. His life proves what is within the power of an energetic, industrious young man to accomplish for himself. He had few advantages in youth and commenced farming with a very small capital, but by industry, economy and the assistance of his devoted wife he has become one of the prosperous farmers of the township. His residence is situated on a natural building site and is surrounded by beautiful shade and ornamental trees and shrubs. This rural home is the abode of an open-handed hospitality extended by Mr. Barrick and his amiable wife to their many friends in the community.

FRANK B. GIBSON. Licking County abounds in line homes and well tilled farms, and many of the estates in Newton Township are second to none which may be found throughout the entire county, and the Gibson farm, upon which the subject of this sketch resides, is one of the best in the locality, having been placed under a high state of cultivation with all the improvements of a first class estate.

John Gibson, the father of Frank B., was born in Darlington, Durham County, England, March 5, 1831. When a young man he learned the trade of a tailor, and on coming to America, in

1856, he followed that occupation in many of the chief cities in the United States and Canada, and in 1861 settled in Hancock County, Mich., where he followed his trade untiljanuary 20, 1879, when he bade adieu to the scenes of this life and his spirit winged its flight to the God who gave it. He was an energetic man, a lover of his home and family and of untiring perseverance. In the village of Hancock, where he was so well known and respected, as well as throughout the surrounding country, he was known as a man of splendid business qualities and excellent management. In all leading questions of the age he took a livelj' interest, and in politics gave his unqualified support to the principles advocated by the Republican party.

John Gibson was united in marriage with Miss Jerusha Van Gu3-sling in Newton Township, September 25, 1865, with whom he had formed an acquaintance while on a visit with friends in Hancock. Mrs. Jerusha Gibson , daughter of Jacob Van Gii3'sling, of Newton Township, and a descendant of a prominent Dutch family who were widely known in the community where they resided, was born at Clifton Park, New York, June 10, 1841, and came with her parents to Licking County about 1850. After marriage they settled in Hancock, Mich., where Mr. Gibson was engaged in business and where the family continued to reside until 1886, when they removed to Licking County, and settled in Newton Township on the fine farm purchased in 1881, where they have since made their home.

The union of John and Jerusha Gibson was blessed by the birth of three children, two of whom survive Frank B. and Harry C. The elder (Frank B.), was born in Hancock, Houghton County, Mich., June 8, 1866. He received the advantages of the public schools of his native town, being a graduate of the Hancock High School as well as the Zanesville Business College, where he graduated May 1, 1885, thereby acquiring the kuowledge which he has so successfully put into practice. His life has been one of activity, and the result of his labors testify to well disciplined mind and abilities of no small import. While generous in his religious belief, Mr. Gibson is in hearty accord with the doc- trines and tenets advocated and set forth by the English Lutheran Church of which he is an active and consistent member; he contributes liberally of his ample means to benevolent and religious enterprises and seeks to follow out the injunction of our Saviour when he said, "As ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them." Almost in the prime of his manhood, he has attained a success of which he may justly be proud and it is but reasonable to infer that the coming years will not detract, but add to the prosperity and success which he has already attained.

S~y EORGE M. VAN NESS. The excellent V T business qualifications displayed by Mr. Van Ness in the management of his farm and business interests have brought him a large measure of success, and he is now one of the wellto-do citizens of Alexandria. The farm owned and managed by him consists of one hundred and eight3'-three acres of land situated in St. Alban's Township, and in addition to this valuable property he owns a comfortable residence in Alexandria and an interest in the mercantile business at this place, conducted under the firm name of Baxton <fe Van Ness.

The father of our subject, Stephen Van Ness, was born in New Jersey in 1819, and married Miss Rachel Ann Spear, also a native of that state. Migrating to Ohio in an early day they made settlement in Jersey Township, Licking County, but after a sojourn of one year there removed to Hartford Township, where Mrs. Van Ness died. About two years later the father removed to Alexandria and carried on a tobacco factory until about 1864, when he disposed of the business. In the vicinity of Alexandria he continued to make his home until 1876, when he settled in Franklin Township, purchasing a farm there. Upon that property he continued to reside until his death, which occurred in June of 1892. With his wife

In the family of Stephen Van Ness there were eight children, as follows: Harriet E.,who married Samuel Thornbury; Sarah M., formerly the wife of Henry Hubbard, but now deceased; Mary A., who is the wife of Samuel Geary, of Mattoon, 111.; George M.; Emma, wife of Harry Spellman; John S., who died in Hartford Township at the age of two and one-half years; Alice A., who became the wife of J. B. Francisco; and Clara E., who died in the autumn of 1876, at the age of eighteen years.

A native of Licking County, the subject of this sketch was born in Hartford Township, January 6, 1847. He assisted his father upon the home farm and also worked in the tobacco factory until it was disposed of. At the age of twenty-one years he embarked in farming on his own account in St. Alban's Township, which vocation he has followed up to the present time. In 1889 he became interested with Charles Baxton in the mercantile business at Alexandria, the firm being styled Baxton & Van Ness.

In St. Alban's Township, January 2, 1872, Mr. Van Ness was united in marriage with Miss Susan Rosctta Warden, who was born in Jersey Township, April 30, 1851, and is a daughter of the late Homer Warden, of St. Alban's Township. In local affairs Mr. Van Ness has taken an intelligent and active part, and has been the incumbent of numerous township offices, in all of which he has displayed the possession of sound common sense. His religious connections are with the Baptist Church, to which his wife has belonged since girlhood.

WILLIAM O'BANNON resides in Washington Township, where his birth occurred March 11, 1834. He is the son of Presley N. and Mary (Taylor) O'Bannon, also natives of Licking County. He represents the third generation that has resided in this locality, the family Laving first become identified with the growth and progress of Ohio during the lifetime of Grandfather William O'Bannon. The latter was born in Hardy County, Va., and there grew to years of maturity, married, and began the battle of life. On coming to Ohio, he settled in Madison Township, Licking County, and there cleared and improved a tract of land in the midst of the surrounding woods. Upon that farm he made his home until his death, at the age of seventy-five years.

In Madison Township Presley N. O'Bannon passed the years of youth and early manhood. After his marriage he settled in Washington Township, where, through the exercise of econom}', thrift and good management, he gradually increased his possessions until he became the owner of six hundred and forty acres. In 1857 he returned to Madison Township, where his life was ended in 1880. The wife and mother passed away the following year. Their family numbered six children, William being the eldest. The others are, Mary M., Elizabeth R., Catherine S., Jeremiah J. and Amanda E.

In early life Presley N. O'Bannon was a Whig, but after the disintegration of that party and the formation of the Republican party, he transferred his allegiance to the latter, with which he was ever afterward connected. In the councils of his party he was influential and a leader. Among the official positions which he occupied were those of Justice of the Peace, Township Trustee and mem. ber of the Slate Legislature. A man of great piety and fervent religious spirit, he was zealous in the work of the Lutheran Church, and for fifteen years or more was a preacher in that denomination.

Reared in Washington Township, the subject of this sketch made his home with his parents until 1854, when he married Miss Margaret J., daughter of William Gardner, and a native of Winchester, Va. Five children have resulted from their union, as follows: Edward, a railroad man residing in Massillon, Ohio; Jennie, Delia, Frank M., and Mary M., wife of H. C. Bell, of Knox County. During the Civil War the sympathies of Mr. O'Bannon were thoroughly aroused on behalf of the Union, and in 1864 he enlisted for active service, becoming a member of Company A, One Hundred and Thirty-fifth Ohio Infantry, in which he served for four months. In 1863 he had held the official rank of Lieutenant in the regular militia. At the present time Mr. O'Bannon i6 the owner of two hundred and fifty-six acres upon which he is engaged in general farm pursuits. His convictions have led him to ally himself with the Republican party, with which he casts his vote and influence. Interested in national affairs, he keeps himself well informed in regard to political movements. For several years he has held the oflice of Township Trustee. Socially he is a member of Licking Lodge No. 291, A. F. & A. M., of which he is Past Master.

WILLIAM P. KIRKPATRICK opened a drug store in Utica in 1868, and having continued in the business from that year to this (1894), now enjoys the distinction of being the oldest druggist in the place. He was born in Morgan Township, Knox County, Ohio, December 30, 1836, and is a son of David and Ann (Patterson) Kirkpatrick. He traces his ancestry to Ireland, whence his grandfather, Robert Kirkpatrick, emigrated to America during Colonial days. He took part in the Revolutionary War, after which he resided for a time in Pennsylvania and thence came to Licking County, Ohio, becoming one of its pioneers and remaining here until his decease. He left a family of four sons and three daughters, namely: John, Nathaniel, Peter, David, Mary, Anne and Hannah.

David Kirkpatrick was born in Lancaster Count}\ Pa., about 1790, and was reared in Fayette County, that state. Coming to Ohio he became a pioneer of Licking County, but later settled in Morgan Township, Knox County, and there cultivated land. His farm consisted of one hundred and fifty acres, bearing first-class improvements and under a high state of cultivation. A devoted patriot, he opposed the institution of slavery, and while he did not live to see its final overthrow (dying in 1861) he gave his influence to the cause of the Union until his death. He was a member of the Reformed Presbjterian Church.

The mother of our subject was born iu Athens County, Ohio, and first married William Ray, by whom she had three children, James, Robert and Margaret, who died in childhood. Her second husband was the father of our subject, and of the six children born to them oue died in infancy. The others are, William P.; Jane Ann, who married R. G. Wallace, D. D. S., of Mansfield, Ohio; John D., a farmer of Licking County; Samuel Howard, who resides on the old homestead; and Silas P., a merchant of Denver, Colo. The mother of these children, now (1894) eighty-two 3-ears of age, still makes her home on the old farm.

After acquiring an education in the district schools and the schools of Utica, our subject secured a position as clerk in a general store in this city, where he was employed for one year. For the six years following he was employed as a school teacher, the years 1862 and 1863 being thus spent in Putnam County, Ohio. In 1864 he enlisted for service in the Union army, and on the 2d of May was mustered into the one hundred days' service as a member of Company A, One Hundred and Thirty-fifth Ohio Infantry, under Capt. W. A. McKee. In the fall of the same j'ear, at the expiration of his term of service, he was honorably discharged. Returning home he resumed the occupation of a school teacher, and also passed one winter in Morning Sun, Iowa. In 1868 he purchased a drug business in Utica, which he has since conducted with success.

In 1871, on the 14th of March, occurred the marriage of Mr. Kirkpatrick to Miss Fannie C, daughter of Col. V. B. Alsdorf. This lady was born in Licking County, near Utica, and by her union has become the mother of a daughter, Mamie F. The political affiliations of Mr. Kirkpatrick are with the Republican party, and he takes an intelligent interest in local affairs. He has served as Treasurer of the School Board and also as Town Treasurer. While not identified with any denomination he is a believer in the Christian religion. In addition to his drug business and pleasant home in Utica, he owns in Burlington Township a well improved farm of one hundred and thirty-three acres.

JH. HUPP, a retired farmer and stock-dealer residing at Linnville, was born in Woodstock, Shenandoah County, Va., July 4, 1816. His parents, Balser and Mary M. (Canupp) Hupp, were of German origin. Three brothers of his father and two of his mother's brothers deserted the German army and came to Virginia more than three hundred 3'ears ago. Of the marriage of his parents, which was solemnized in the Old Dominion in 1811, sixsons and five daughters were born, of whom all of the brothers and four of the sisters survive. This is a fact showing great longevity. The youngest of the family is over fifty-six years old, and the eldest was eighty on the 4th of May, 1894.

In 1823, accompanied by four of their children, the parents removed to Ohio and settled on a farm, where the father engaged as a tiller of the soil. He also followed the trade of a carpenter, in which he was quite proficient and had all he could do, as this country was then a vast wilderness. He attained a greater age than anyone who has ever lived in Licking County, and here he died at the age of one hundred and eight years and five months. His brother John died in Virginia at the age of one hundred and three years, and a sister, Annie, died at the age of one hundred and one years.

Of the immediate family, Diana, the eldest, died on the eighteenth anniversary of her birth; Daniel B., now eighty years old, lives a mile east of Linnville, this county; J. II. was the third in order of birth; Leanna, the wife of John McVicars, resides in Missouri; Strother resides two miles from Linnville; Balser, Jr., is a resident of Bowling Green Township; John lives in Oroville, Cal., where he is a wealthy farmer, lumberman and miner, owning a mine for which he has refused $60,- 000; Mary, who first married George McMullin, is now the wife of a Mr. West and lives in Missouri; Jane Elizabeth, now living in California, is the widow of George Travener, who died in that state; Uriah W., a wealthy miner, resides in California; Sarah Louisa married .Samuel McClellan and lives in California, where her husband is a hotel-keeper.

The early life of our subject was spent on the Ohio frontier in clearing up land. He never entered a schoolhouse as a student, and was married before he could read. However, he is a man of good business capacity and intelligence, and after he was forty years of age learned to read and write, his wife being his principal instructor. During the earl}' history of this county he experienced all the hardships of pioneer life, and spent much of his time in hunting, as the people were then dependent upon game very largely for subsistance. Frequently he carried corn to mill, several miles away, on his back. The usual way of going to mill was to take a sack full of grain on a horse and ride on top of the grist.

May 4, 1848, Mr. Hupp married Miss Helen A. Stevens, who who was born in Loudoun County,Va., March 7, 1821. Her parents, Thomas and Nancy (Percell) Stevens, died in Percy County, Ohio, the father in his ninety-third year and the mother when eighty-eight. The latter was undoubtedly heiress to a large estate belonging to the Percell family in England, but she died without being aware of the fact. There were five sons and four daughters in the household, of whom five are now living. William Franklin, who lives in Franklin Township, is eighty-three years old. Maiy, the widow of William Beverly, lives at Hebron, this county, and has attained the age of eighty-one. John, now seventy -seven, lives in Thornville, Ohio. The father of these children was a Captain in the War of 1812,, in which his brother was a Colonel.

Mr. and Mrs. Hupp have never had any children of their own, but have reared four orphan children. These they educated and reared as tenderly as they would have cared for their own. One foster son died after having made his home with them for twenty-six years, and his loss was deeply mourned by his adopted parents. In religious connections our subject and his good wife have been Baptists for man}' years, and are active workers in the Christian cause. A loyal Democrat, Mr. Hupp has always been earnest and active in politics, and at one time traveled four hundred and sixty miles for the purpose of voting, returning to his home the following day.

HON. WALDO TAYLOR. In enumerating the names of the eminent men of this county, those who have contributed to the development of its material resources, who have given their influence to theatts and sciences, and through whose efforts is due the high standing of the county to-day, among these men, prominent mention belongs to Judge Taylor, Mayor of Newark. The son of one of Licking County's patriots and heroes, he has by his honorable life added lustre to the name he bears. Nor would this volume be complete without a record of his eventful career.

The father of our subject, Gen. Jonathan Taj'- lor, was born in Connecticut in 1796, and in an early day was engaged in running the boundary lines between Michigan and Ohio, commanding the Ohio forces during the troubles that ensued. In both branches of the General Assembly he served as Representative, and further honors were bestowed upon him when, in 1838, he was elected to the United States Congress. His wife, a woman of fine intellect and sound judgment, bore the maiden name of Sarah Elliott, and was born in Allegany County, Md., May 2, 1799. In the opening year of the present century she was brought to Licking County by her father, Capt. Samuel Elliott.

June 23, 1823; David Elliott, January 12, 1826; Orlando, August 19, 1829; Jonathan Campbell, September 22, 1829; Harriett, November 4, 1831; Sarah, January 12, 1834; Eliza, April 10, 1836; William and Waldo (twins) June 3, 1838; Margaret J., June 9, 1841, and Jonathan B., March 31, 1843. Mary, who became the wife of D. D. Jewett, of Newark, died April 21, 1848. David, a soldier during the Mexican War, died December 25, 1848, a few months after his return from the battlefields of Mexico. Orlando died August 27, 1829, and Jonathan C. in September, 1830. Harriett, the wife of William R. lies, passed from earth June 20, 1856. Sarah married Theophilus Little, and is a resident of Abilene, Kan. Eliza departed this life August 10, 1837. William, our subject's twin brother, enlisted in 1861 as a member of Company D, Seventy-sixth Ohio Infantry, and was killed at Arkansas Post, January 11, 1863. Jonathan B. was a member of Company H, Thirtyfirst Ohio Infantry, marched with Sherman to the sea, and was a short time in Libby Prison ; he married a sister of Hon. S. S. Cox and resides in Chicago.

A man of considerable influence in this community, General Taylor was also well known throughout the entire state, and was honored wherever known. His death in April, 1848, deprived his widow of a loving husband, his children of a devoted father and his neighbors of a kind friend. He was long survived by his wife, who by bis death was left in charge of a large family. Surrounded by obstacles, with limited means, she struggled bravely forward, fitting her children, by example and precept, for honorable positions in life, and inculcating in their minds the lessons of honor, virtue and probity to which their success may be attributed. At the age of seventyfour years, she died in Newark, May 13, 1872, and her body now lies in Cedar Hill Cemetery.

The boyhood years of our subject were passed upon the home farm. His educational advantages were excellent, including some time spent in Denison University, at Granville and Jefferson College, at Cannonsburg, Pa. In April, 1861, when twentythree years old, he was elected Supervisor, and four years later became Township Clerk. In 1863 he was chosen Director of School District No. 5, becoming President of the Board of Education. In 3'outh he selected the law for his life occupation, and continuing the study of that profession for some time, was admitted to the Bar June 10, 1861, and on the 1st of October, 1867, was admitted to practice in the United States Courts.

The principles of the Democratic party meet with the hearty sympathy of Judge Taylor, and upon that ticket he has been elected to many ollices of trust and honor. In 1875 he was President of the Board of Trade of Newark. His name was prominently mentioned as candidate for Clerk of the Supreme Court, but he refused to make the race. He was also nominated for Clerk of the Ohio House of Representatives, and received the enthusiastic support of his party. July 26, 1864, he was elected Justice of the Peace, and after having served for three years declined re-election. After his admission to the Bar, he conducted an extensive practice until he was elected Probate Judge of Licking County, in October, 1872. Entering upon the duties of the office February 10, 1873, he served with efficiency for three years.

In every enterprise calculated to promote the welfare of the people, Judge Taylor takes a leading part. He was a prominent factor in the building of the Newark, Somerset & Straitsville Railroad, and at one time was a heavy stockholder. He has served as Secretary and Treasurer of the Licking County Agricultural Society. On the 4th of July, 1863, he was chosen Captain of Company A, First Ohio Militia, and on the 31st of August following became Lieutenant-Colonel of the same regiment. In recognition of his loj'al and prompt response to all appeals for aid in the defense of Cincinnati, he was presented with a "Squirrel Hunter's" discharge containing the portrait of Governor Todd.

At the present time Judge Taylor is serving his second term as Mayor of Newark. He was first elected in 1884, serving for two years. In the spring of 1894 he was again chosen to represent the people in this office, receiving a majority of three hundred and thirty-four votes. As chief executive, he has advocated the adoption of measures tending to promote the best interests of the

Perhaps in no way lias Judge Taylor attained greater note than as a public speaker. He is a gifted orator, a fluent speaker, eloquent and enthusiastic, combining with a large fund of humor depths of pathos that stir the hearts of his auditors. Upon occasions of public interest, of whatever nature, he is in great request as a speaker. His witty remarks in response to toasts often find their way into local papers, and are extensively copied by the press of the country.

f~y EORGE J. ROE. More than fifty years VJ T have come and gone since, a lad of thirteen years, the subject of this sketch arrived in Licking County in 1842. From that time to this he has resided continuously here and has identified himself with the history of Mar}' Ann Township as one of its foremost citizens. His conduct, both in his business and domestic relations, has been such as to commend him to the confidence of the people, and lie has gained the warm regard of all his associates. A man of strong convictions, energetic and active, he has accumulated a competence through energetic application and the exercise of good judgment, and is now living somewhat retired from life's active duties.

Mr. Roe traces his ancestry in direct descent from Joseph Roe, the founder of the family in America, who was a native of Germany and had been employed as a cabin boy on an English ship and landed at Manhattan Island about 1637, through seven generations, as follows: Joseph, Jonas, Joseph, Jonas, Timothy (who was a Major in the army during the War for Independence and died at Saeket's Harbor), Timothy and Timothy, both farmers.

Amy (Smith) Roe, both natives of Orange County, N. Y., the father born May 28, 1804, and the mother August 11, 1806. They were married in their native county, where for some years afterward they continued to reside. In 1842 they came to Licking County, where they afterward lived in Mary Ann Township until called hence by death, the father in 1878 and the mother in 1883. Their bodies now lie buried side by side in in the Barnes Cemetery. In their family were three sons and four daughters, all of whom attained years of maturity before there was a death among the number. Our subject is the eldest of the family and is now the sole survivor with the exception of Mrs. Curran, of Newark.

In Orange County, N. Y., George J. Roe was born September 6, 1829, and there his childhood years were passed. In 1842 he accompanied his parents to Licking County, where in 1849 he was united in marriage with Miss Belinda Hickey. This lady was a daughter of William Hickey, a soldier in the War of 1812, who came to Ohio in 1816 and settled in this county two years later. His death occurred in Mary Ann Township in 1890, at the ripe old age of ninety-four years. His first wife, Sarah, died in this township in 1848, and he afterward married again.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Roe six children were born, of whom four are now living. The two deceased were, John, who died in infancy, and Sarah, who was called hence at the age of three jears. Of the survivors we note the following: William Henry, the eldest, is a prosperous agriculturist (see sketch elsewhere in this volume); Amanda, the wife of Allen Smith, lives on a farm adjoining that of her father, and has seven living children; Joseph Edward, a mechanic living in Utica, married Maggie Chambers and they have five children; Cynthia P. became the wife of Lionel Smith, of Mary Ann Township, and they have five children. In addition to his grandchildren Mr. Roe also has a greatgrandchild, of whom he is very proud, Henry Allen Banks, the son of Robert and Carrie Banks.

Mr. Roe was greatly bereaved by the death of his wife, the companion who had traveled by his side through the varying vicissitudes of their pioneer existence. She passed away at the old home- stead October 8, 1884. Since that time our subject has lived with his son, William II. Mrs. Roe was a sincere Christian and a member of the Disciples' Church, with which all the children are identified. While Mr. Roe lias been a close Bible student he has never connected himself with any denomination, and is liberal in his religious views.

-T EONARD STUMP. Retired from active I O business cares, this well known citizen of Hanover Township occupies his comfortable and substantial brick residence, where in his declining years lie is surrounded by ttie comforts of life and many of its luxuries as well. He is a native of Ohio, and was born near Nash port, Muskingum County, December 27, 1826. Upon the farm where he was born his father, James Stump, settled in 1807, although three years prior to that time he had purchased one thousand acres of land in that locality. He was a Virginian, born in the Old Dominion, April 6, 1800.

The first to establish the family name in America was our subject's great-grandfather, a native of Germany, who crossing the ocean settled in Hardy Count}', Va., in the early part of the seventeenth century. Grandfather Stump was a soldier in the War of 1812, and died October 8, 1847. Our subject's mother bore the maiden name of Susan Randall, and both she and her husband died in Muskingum County, in the house where Leonard was born. The mother passed away May 17, 1831, after having had three children, two of whom died in early childhood. After her death the father again married, and by that union there were four children, two sons and two daughters. The sons are both deceased. The father passed from earth December 17, 1886.

Our subject is a graduate of the log schoolhouse, where he spent three months each year under the tutorship of the backwoods "master," as the teacher was familiarly known. This rudimentary education has been supplemented by constant reading of current events and by careful observation. For a man of his years he has a wonderfully retentive memory. Every event of his long and useful life considered worthy of preservation has been carefully recorded, and he has also kept a complete family genealogy.

June 14, 1849, Mr. Stump was united in marriage with Miss Catherine Claypool, daughter of Levi Claypool, formerly a resident of Muskingum County. The latter was of German ancestry and was a successful farmer, accumulating a fine property which was equally divided among his children. His wife, Catherine Claypool, was of English descent, and their marriage, which was solemnized in Hard}' County, Va., December 13, 1821, resulted in the birth of twelve children. Mrs. Stump was born in Hardy County, Va., April 11, 1831, and is the mother of seven daughters. The eldest, Susan Savannah, born June 6, 1852, is now the wife of D. V. Randall, of Frazeysburg, Muskingum County, this state, and they have three children. Mary Catherine is now at home; Sarah M. was born December 15, 1856, and died December 7, 1872; Lou Ann, born March 11, 1859, married John Fleming, a farmer of Jackson Township, Muskingum County; Fannie E. is the wife of J. W. Edwards, a farmer and grain buyer of Edward, Franklin Count}', this state; Emma Jane married E. C. Hamilton, a physician of Emington, 111.; Leonora is the wife of R. P. McCann, a farmer by occupation, and the son of Dr. McCann, of Elizabethtown.

Mr. Slump gave his daughters excellent advantages, and money was not spared in adding to their many accomplishments. A fine grand piano adorns the parlor, and they were given the best musical instruction possible. All have left the parental roof except one, who devotedly cares for her parents and ministers to their comfort. Notwithstanding the fact that he has given very liberally to his daughters, Mr. Stump still retains about five hundred acres of land, the greater part of which has been accumulated by his own exertions and intelligent management. The land is now rented, mostly on shares. Politically Mr. Stump is a Democrat, but liberal in his views. He favors the income tax features advocated by the Democracy of to-day. Though he has never identified himself with any church organization, his life has been strictly upright and honorable, and he has been a law-abiding citizen.

S~y- EORGE W. MUNCH, a representative and V^ T successful merchant of Hanover, was born in Shenandoah County, Va., October 13, 1844. He is the son of Silas Munch, an Abolitionist of the Old Dominion, who possessed the courage of his convictions, and was the only man in his election precinct who voted for Abraham Lincoln in 1860. This act was the signal for the outpouring of rebel wrath, and he was obliged to flee the country or suffer death at the hands of guerrillas, who had murdered three of their neighbors. Choosing the former alternative, he sought refuge in Ohio, coming to Hebron, this county, during the dark days of the Rebellion. His son, our subject, shared his exile with him, while the other members of the family remained in Virginia.

At the close of the war Silas Munch returned to his southern home and in the county of his birth, Shenandoah, he passed away in August, 1893. His widow still makes her home there. For manj' years he was a Justice of the County Court of Shenandoah County in the days of reconstruction, and assisted in the adoption of the present Slate Constitution, and also filled other offices of trust. His latter days were days of peace, and he passed away mourned by many of those whom national troubles had made his bitter foes in former years. His family numbered three sons and four daughters living, while two are deceased. Lincoln B., who was born after the war and named for the martyred President, is now a clerk in the Baltimore & Ohio shops at Newark, where he and his wife reside.

The subject of this notice was reared in Shenandoah County, and in boyhood attended the district schools. He was a war refugee together with his father, with whom he left his native home June 25, 1862, and came to Ohio as above stated. On the 13th of August of the same year, he enlisted at Reynoldsburg as a Union soldier. For two years and four months he served in the Union Arm}', being for a time with Company I, Ninety-fifth Ohio Infantry, and afterward with Company D, Sixty-fifth Ohio Infantry. With the Army of the Cumberland under General Nelson, he participated in the battle of Richmond, Ky., where his regiment (the Ninet}'-fifth) was captured. He was paroled on the field and afterward returned to Camp Chase, Ohio, thence to Camp Lew Wallace, north of Columbus. After being exchanged the regiment returned to Camp Chase, where he was taken sick and discharged on account of disability.

Recovering sufficiently, Mr. Munch again offered his services and enlisted in Company D, Sixtyfifth Ohio Veteran Volunteer Infantry, Third Brigade, Second Division, Fourth Army Corps, under Gen. Geo. H. Thomas, with which regiment he participated in the battles of Spring Hill, Franklin and Nashville. It is due to those living to say that the battle of Franklin was the fiercest combat of the war, and that more men were killed in that battle, in proportion to the number engaged, than in any battle ever fought on either side of the Atlantic since the invention of gunpowder. Continuing in service until the close of the war, he then returned to the parental home in Virginia and remained for one year, when hereturned to Ohio and took a two-years' course in the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware. Subsequently he entered the ranks of the teacher's profession, in which he was engaged for six years. Since the year 1869 his permanent residence has been in Licking County. He was united in marriage with Miss Louvisa E., daughter of Lanty Shannon, of Madison Township, October 30, 1870. Five children bless this union, namel}-: Charles P., for a time a medical student in the office of Dr. Specr, of Newark, but now attending the Ohio Medical College of Cincinnati; Lanty S., who assists his father in the store; Bertram S.; Mary Mabel and George W., Jr., who are in school.

under the Harrison administration, which office lie held until September, 1893. At the same time he purchased a stock of general merchandise, where he has since conducted a large and profitable trade. His residence and store building are combined, the structure being substantial and admirably adapted for the noble purpose subserved. Politically he is a stanch Republican, to which party he has always been loyal. In recognition of disabilities incurred in service he receives a small pension.

Socially Mr. Munch is a Royal Arch Mason and is also a member of Lemert Post No. 71, G. A. R. at Newark. At the present time he is officiating as Notary Public and is also Clerk of Hanover Township, being the only Republican ever elected to that office in the township, which establishes his worth as a citizen with both political parties. Mrs. Munch still retains in her name the parental homestead in Madison Township, consisting of two hundred and six acres. There the family resided for many years prior to coining to Hanover. The}1 are highly esteemed both throughout the township, where so long they resided, and in the village where they now make their home, and among the business men, in which place Mr. Munch takes a prominent rank.

TJ'v LNATIIAN CARPENTER was born in St. [ C) Alban's Township, where he now resides, October 10, 1824. His father, Samuel, was a native of Lancaster County, Pa., born January 16, 1783, and that county was also the birthplace of the paternal grandfather. The latter was a farmer by occupation and was a soldier in the Revolutionary War, serving for seven years under General Washington. In 1808 he came to Licking County and became one of the first settlers of St. Alban's Township. At that early period settlers were few, the country undeveloped and few roads opened. Game was plentiful, and deer, bears, wild turkeys, etc., frequently fell beneath the sportsman 's unerring aim. The fami^- had about 1 1 .0(10 on coming to this county and therefore were not obliged to undergo all the privations that fell to the lot of many frontiersmen, although they found the task of clearing the land and improving a farm by no means an easy one.

In due time Grandfather Carpenter became the owner of three hundred acres of land and his old age was passed amid the comforts gained by his industry and thrift. His death occurred at the age of eighty-two years. He was twice married. By the first union he had six children, and three bj' his second. The first-named were, Benjamin, Joseph, Samuel, James, Hester Ann and Julia. Both daughters married, Hester A. becoming the wife of Isaiah Beaumont, and Julia being united with Samuel Smith.

When the family came to Ohio, Samuel Carpenter accompanied them hither, and here he married Mercy Cornell, who was born in Providence, R. I., May 26, 1788. He then settled on a tract of seventy-five acres purchased by his father, and here he continued to make his home until his death August 12, 1861. His wife passed away April 4, 1869. They were the parents of three sons and three daughters, concerning whom the following is noted: Smith was born January 22, 1811, engaged in agricultural pursuits and died in Pataskala, Ohio; Naomi, who was born September 17, 1812, was three times married and died in Licking County; Wesley was born July 11, 1815, became a farmer and was thus occupied until his death at Warsaw, Ind., August 29, 1890; Eliza, born February 10, 1822, married Earl J. Hubbard, and resides in St. Alban's Township; our subject was the next in order of birth; Nancy, born December 11, 1828, married Robert Hurd, and resides in Newark, Ohio. The father was an earnest Christian and was ordained as a local minister in the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1824.

The log school house of early days was the "temple of learning" wherein Jonathan Carpenter gained his primary education, but while the school was of course inferior to those of modern times, it had the reputation of being the best in the county outside of Newark. Arriving at manhood he married Narcissa, daughter of J. Sewell Peck and a native of Orange County, Vt. After his marriage Mr. Carpenter continued to reside at the homestead and at one time owned three hundred acres. However he has given his son fifty acres, retaining for his own use two hundred and fifty. In 1872 he erected a commodious brick residence, which is still one of the best in the locality. For thirty years he has combined stock-raising with general farming. He and his wife have two children, Austin and Carrie. The family is connected with the Baptist Church, in which Mr. Carpenter is a Trustee. Politically he is a Republican, but is not active in public affairs.

r~~Y APT. S. M. RICHARDSON, who resides in V^y Hanover Township, was born in the village of that name September 10, 1833, being the son of Robert and Mary (Miner) Richardson, natives respectively of Pennsylvania and Ireland. His parents came to Licking County prior to their marriage, and here they continued to reside until their death, the father passing away when our subject was twelve years old and the mother dying two years later. From that time the orphaned youth was thrown upon his own resources and was obliged to earn his own livelihood. He began as a driver on the Ohio Canal. At eighteen years of age he purchased a boat of his own, for which he went into debt, and since then he has owned ten or twelve boats. These he has utilized in carrying freight for merchants along the line. During the last fourteen years of his life upon the water, our subject was Captain of a repair boat, owned and operated by the state of Ohio, and for his services in this capacity he received a good salary. About 1884 he constructed the dam at Toboso, or Black Hand, a piece of engineering work of which any man might be justly proud.

Captain Richardson is one of a family that comprised six sons and one daughter, only two of whom survive. James G., who is two 3'ears older than the Captain, resides at Red Bluff, Tehama County, Cal. John died at the age of fifty-two years. Robert S., while serving as a soldier in the late war, died of typhoid fever at Newport Barracks, aged about twenty-six years. Alexander died shortly before attaining his majority. William died during the Civil War. Jane became the wife of Edward Hupp, and died in Newark, Ohio, leaving several children.

The subject of this sketch has been twice married. He first married Nancy La Masters, whose parents were natives of Coshocton County, Ohio, and they became the parents of two children, viz.: Jane, who died in infancy; and John, who occupies one of his father's farms situated a mile north of the parental home. The second marriage of Captain Richardson united him with MissSophronia A. Porter, a native of Coshocton County, Ohio. Of the five children born to this union, four are now living, namely: Estella, wife of S. R. Francis, of Newark; Charles, now twenty-four years of age, and a genial, companionable young man who is popular among his acquaintances; Cora and Maude, who are at home. James died at the age of two and one-half years.

The home farm consists of ninety-two acres and is well improved. In addition to this, the Captain owns a small farm of forty-eight acres, also improved. He is a true blue Republicau and at all times a loyal supporter of the Government. During the Rebellion he desired to enlist, but was not accepted, being seriously affected with rheumatism. However, upon being drafted he refused to be examined for exemption, but placed a substitute in the field. His wife is a faithful member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

In the surroundings and improvements of the county, the Captain has witnessed a remarkable change. In the "good old Democratic days before the war" he often hoed corn, receiving for his services twenty-five cents per day. During those early days, there was no caste or aristocracy, and to be honest and upright was passport into the best society. Sunbonnets in those primeval days were considered good enough for the ladies to wear to church, and blue demins served for dress suits for the young men. There have been many changes since those days for the better, but it is doubtful if the citizens of the county to-day derive a keener pleasure from their labors, their companionships, and their holiday sports than did the pioneers of those years.

HENRY McCLELLAND, a resident of Eden Township, was born in Greene County, Pa., June 2, 1828. His earliest recollections, however, are associated with the sights and scenes of Licking Countjf, for here he has resided since a child of two years. He is the son of Cary McClelland, who, removing from Pennsylvania to Ohio, settled in Licking County, and purchased a tract of land in Eden Township. This place he continued to cultivate and improve until he was called from earth at the age of seventy-two years. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Mary Warthen, also died in Eden Township.

The paternal grandfather of our subject, Cary McClelland, Sr., also accompanied the family to Licking County in 1830, and here his death occurred when about seventy-seven years of age. Cary and Mary McClelland were the parents of fourteen children, of whom our subject was the next to the youngest. He was reared to manhood in Licking County, and with the exception of nine years spent in Newton Township, he has resided continuously in Eden Township. Not unlike the manner in which farmer lads now spend their time he passed the days of boyhood and youth, perhaps the chief distinction being that there were then fewer comforts, harder work aud less play than enjoyed by the young people of this generation. His life occupation has been that of an agriculturist, and with general farming he has combined stock-raising.

Mr. McClelland takes an intelligent view of American politics, in which he is deeply interested, and to his mind the declarations of the Democratic party announce the doctrines which must be for the benefit and progress of the nation, and for the best good of the citizens as a whole. However, he has positively refused to accept any political position. In religious work he has taken an active interest, and for about thirty years has been a member of the Disciples' Church. He is the owner of two hundred and fifty acres, upon which he has made excellent improvements, and in addition has two hundred and twenty-six acres in Knox County. Socially he is identified with the Masonic fraternity.

In Knox County, Ohio, March 24, 1853, occurred the marriage of Mr. McClelland to Miss Vashti Woodruff, a native of Clay Township, that county, and a daughter of the late Joshua Woodruff. They are the parents of eleven children now living, as follows: Maria, wife of Bartley Dodd; Cary, who married Miss Ida Wolf; Marion, who chose as his wife Miss Mary Hass; Julia, wife of C. O. Rice; Ida, who was united in marriage with Ira V. Miller; E. Follett; Olive; John, whose wife was formerly Miss Emma Bailey; Dell; Laura, and Calvin. Three children died in early years.

JACOB SMITH LOUGHMAN, a farmer and blacksmith of Hopewell Township, was born November 26, 1849, to John M. and Martha (Smith) Loughman. His father came to Licking County in 1834, aud settling on Flint Ridge, there continued to make his home until his death, which occurred in 1886. The widowed mother still survives, being now a resident of Gratiot. Seven children were born unto their union, but two of the number are now deceased.

Mary, the wife of Eli McCracken, lives in Hopewell Township; Elizabeth, now Mrs. Johnson, lives in Bowling Green Township; John Shannon makes his home in Hopewell Township; Nancy, wife of Peter Hersey, lives in Gratiot; Jennie married Erank Hersey, of Gratiot; Will is a resident of Kansas.

In boyhood days our subject was a student in the neighboring district schools, and early in life he gained a practical knowledge of blacksmithing as well as agriculture. January 31, 1875, he married Lucy Dewees, and two children, Alice and Carleton, bless their union. He is the owner of one hundred and fifteen acres of land, in addition to his blacksmithing business, and is prospered in both departments of work. With his family he holds membership in the Methodist Protestant Church, to the support of which he is a regular contributor.

Pq community we have the foundation for true, prosperity in the state, and in the homes of the farmers we may read the future of the country. The family represented by the gentleman whose name appears at the head of this sketch, constitutes one of those industrious and enterprising households whose intelligence and integrity, common sense and kindly hospitality influence all about them, and conduce to the prosperity of the section in which they live. The Nichols farm, which is situated in St. Alban's Township, contains all the modern improvements, including farm machinery and substantial buildings, adapted to their special uses.

The parents of our subject, Leonard E. and Mary (Lewis) Nichols, have long resided in Licking County, and are among the most progressive citizens of St. Alban's Township. Agriculture has been the life work of the father, and to it he has devoted his entire attention throughout the entire period of his useful career. His work and influence are highly prized in his community, as he is always ready to lend a hand toward every movement for the moral, intellectual and material progress of the people among whom he lives. He has erected good buildings on his farm, and owns a large acreage of rich and well cultivated soil.

The subject of this sketch was born in St. Alban's Township, Ma}' 11, 1861. In this pleasant and prosperous portion of Licking County he took his training in the active duties of farm life and attended the district schools, which gave him an excellent foundation for an intelligent and progressive life. Here he grew to manhood and has made his home continuously. For a time he conducted his studies at Granville, this count}-, thus supplementing the information gained in the common schools and laying the foundation for his present wide range of knowledge. He remained at home until his marriage, which event united him in wedlock with Miss Jennie Thornton, a native of Licking County and always a resident of this part of the state.

Settling upon a portion of the old Nichols homestead, our subject has here actively engaged in the tilling of the soil, and raises those cereals which are adapted to this climate. The soil of the farm is rich and repays the labors of the owner with a bountiful harvest of golden grain. It is true of this property, as it is of all the laud in St. Alban's Township, that if one will give to it care, industry and good management he will be amply repaid for his exertions. Mr. Nichols takes an active interest in political affairs and is a follower of the Republican party, finding its platform consonant with his own ideas of equity and justice.

V/V/ than fifty years this gentleman has been a resident of Eden Township, and during this long period he has witnessed its wonderful progress along commercial, agricultural and educational lines. He is a native of Ohio, and was born in Muskingum County, May 3, 1822.

His parents, Nicholas and Rebecca (Miles) Holton, were natives of Pennsylvania, and removed thence to Muskingum Count}', Ohio, where the father died. The death of the mother occurred in Illinois. To their children they left as a heritage more precious than money, a reputation for honesty, fair dealing and nobility of character, and their descendants may justly revert to their memory with pride.

In the family of eleven children, Washington was the eighth in order of birth. He lived in Muskingum County until seventeen years of age, after which he and his mother resided for two years in Champaign County. His father having died when he was a lad of eight years, he was early obliged to become self-supporting. In the spring of 1841 he came to Newark, Ohio, where he was variously employed until the time of his marriage. That important event occurred in Eden Township, December 10, 1844, and united him with Miss Margaret Miles, who was born in this township August 19, 1825. Mrs. Holton is a daughter of Stephen and Catherine (Dush) Miles, the former a native of Pennsylvania and a farmer by occupation. They died in Eden Township, after having had ten children, of whom Mrs. Holton was the fifth in order of age.

After their marriage our subject and his wife settled in Eden Township, and here they have resided for more than a half-century. They are the parents of eight living children, William F., John, Mary, Barbara E., Stephen, George, Cinna and David F. Three children died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Holton have been members of the Methodist Protestant Church for over fifty years, and are counted among the worthy people of the township.

eHARLES H. STASAL, the owner and occupant of a farm in Madison Township is a member of one of the well known families of the county. Here he was born, November 14,1857, being the son of George and Elizabeth (Iliremau) Stasal, natives respectively of Germany, and Mary Ann Township, Licking County. The father emigrated to America in boyhood, and has spent the principal portion of his life in this county, where he still resides. His wife is a daughter of a pioneer family of Mary Ann Township, who endured the hardships and privations incident to frontier existence. In their experience as pioneers it was at times found necessary to carry wheat to Zanesville and there exchange it for family necessities.

In this family there were four sons and two daughters, and five of the number are now living. The eldest, John C, now traveling in the west, was for about twenty-four years manager of correspondence and outside business for a wholesale mercantile house in Newark, where his family still live. Kate became the wife of Samuel In hoof and lives in Newark. Mary, also a resident of Newark, is the wife of John Hirschline, a stone-cutter by trade. Our subject is the next in order of birth. Henry died in early youth. Arnold married Miss Sarah E. Tarleton and resides in Newark.

For about forty-five years the parents of our subject were residents of Newark, where the father was engaged in business. Some sixteen years ago he retired to the farm where he now resides. Though advanced in years he is hale and hearty, and still superintends the cultivation of his land. Our subject received a good education in the common schools of Newark, and in that city continued to reside, meantime engaged in various lines of business, until eight years ago, when he bought a farm in Madison Township. Here he owns one hundred acres, of which about sixty acres are under the plow, the remainder being in timber and pasture lands. His occupation is that of a general farmer, and in connection with the raising of grain he also engages in the stock business with considerable success.

December 27, 1877, Mr. Stasal was united in marriage with Miss Emma M. Rochester Jones, who was born on the Mississippi River steamboat "Rochester," and was named by the physician and captain of the boat. Her father, William W.Jones, was born in Staffordshire, England, July 5, 1824, and her mother, Margaret (Jolley) Jones, was a native of Zanesville, Ohio, born August 10, 1828. Mr. Jones came to America at the age of twelve years, and is the only member of his father's fam- ily in this country, whither he emigrated in 1838" His wife died in Newark, Ohio, October 17, 1880. Of their seven children five are now living. The eldest son, Oliver C, is a resident farmer of Union County, Ohio; Alfred B. lives in Newark; Alice, the widow of William Merrick, resides in Newark; Minerva Jane, now the wife of Frank Grigsby, also lives in Newark; William W., Jr., died at the age of twenty-four from the effects of being kicked by a horse; Sarah Elizabeth, who was born in Zanesville, Ohio, died in St. Louis, Mo., at two years of age. To Mr. and Mrs. Stasal four children have been born, only two of whom are living: Ma3T,the

In politics Mr. Stasal is a Democrat. He is now serving his third term as Supervisor of his road district, and has held other local positions of trust. Mr. Stasal was reared in the Congregational faith, and is now identified with the Christian Church, to which the other members of the family also belong. In social connections our subject holds membership in the Improved Order of Red Men at Newark, and has filled the position of Sachem in the Wigwam of Minnewah Tribe, No. 52.

Jacob F. Keller

JACOB F. KELLER. The subject of this sketch is a descendant of one of the oldest and most respected families of Licking County. His great-grandfather, Henry Keller, was a native of York County, Pa., born in 1754 of Swiss parentage. In 1812 he removed with his family of ten children (six sons and four daughters) to Fairfield County, Ohio. Our subject's grandfather, Jacob Keller, was a young man when he came to Ohio, and soon afterward he was united in marriage with Elizabeth Miller, daughter of a prominent family of Fairfield County. Six sons and three daughters were born to them, all of whom attained to advanced years, with the exception of a son and daughter. Henry and Sarah still survive, the former a well-to-do farmer living four miles south of Newark, and the latter the wife of Richard Jones, of Franklin County, Ohio. She became the mother of nine children, of whom eight survive, some of them holding prominent positions in public life.

Jacob Keller, St., was one of the best known pioneers of the county in his day, and was familiarly called "Grandpap Keller" by old and young. AVhile seemingly rough in manner and speech he was kind at heart, with a never-failing charity for the distressed and needy, Starting in life penni- less, by enterprise, industry and economy, and the exercise of good business methods he accumulated a valuable estate of seven hundred and two acres of the best land in the state, located within two miles of Newark, the county-seat, and at present owned and occupied by the grandsons, Jacob F., Frank B., Charles E. and Val C. Keller. Notwithstanding the fact that many of the early pioneers were noted for muscular strength and hardihood, he had few equals in that respect. Every day until he had passed the seventieth milestone he performed manual labor, and perhaps not one man in a thousand accomplished the amount of manual labor that he performed. He scarcely knew what sickness was and took his first dose of medicine at the age of seven ty-two.