Thorn Township (part 1 of 11)

Thorn Township

Thorn township is, as originally surveyed, just six miles square. It is the north-western township of the county, and is bounded on the north by Licking, and on the west by Fairfield county. It derived its name from the numerous thorn bushes, bearing red berries, which grew in early times adjacent to the little lakes near the northern line of the township. There are other theories of the origin of the name of the township, but the one herein given is generally believed to be the correct one. Thorn was organized as a political township, about 1804, by the authority of the Commissioners of Fairfield county, of which it was then a part.

Nearly all of the township belongs to the drift formation, and the soil, as a whole, is highly productive. The water system may be denominated a little complex, when compared with any of the other townships of the county. Jonathan's Creek, the northern branch of the Moxahala, drains most of the eastern part of the township, and the northern branch of Rush Creek, the western part. . Honey Creek empties into the Reservoir. Walnut Creek heads in the western part of the township, and flows into the Scioto river. So it will be observed, a small portion of the township belongs to the Scioto Valley. The natural outlet of the lakes, the nucleus of the Reservoir, was into the Licking river; hence, that part of the township which is drained into the Reservoir, is in the Muskingum Valley. When the Reservoir was constructed, as a feeder to the Ohio Canal, an outlet was made into the Scioto, therefore some persons claim that all the land drained into the Reservoir by Honey Creek and other streams, 1s 1n the Scioto Valley. This is a fine point, and of no practical importance. There is not. the least doubt, however, about Walnut naturally flowing into the Scioto. and, consequently, all the lands drained by it are, indisputably, in the Scioto Valley. With the exception of the part that belongs to the Scioto system, the land of Thorn is nearly equally divided between the Muskinm and Hocking vallies.

The surface, in the western and northern parts of the township, is usually denominated level, though it 1s nearly all rolling enough to drain. The eastern and south-eastern portion is hilly, and yet of sucha character as to be excellent farming land, and interspersed with vallies - that are very rich. The level land in the northern part of the township is also extremely fertile. In the richness of its soil and yield of farm products, Thorn excels any other township in the county, and is, in fact, surpassed by but very few in the State: amount of hickory in various parts of the township. Wild plums, wild cranberries and the red thorn berries, already mentioned, were in early times very plentiful in the northern part, in the neighborhood of the little lakes. The land where they grew is now nearly all covered by the waters of the Reservoir.

The little natural lakes, referred to, consisted of pure, clear water, and were well stocked with fish, principally sun, cat and salmon. There was a number of lakes or ponds in other parts of the township, that contained water the year round, except in July and August, when they dried up, and were supposed to breed fever and ague. They have all, or nearly all, been drained long since, and their beds furnish a rich, black soil, highly productive. .

The early settlers of Thorn came principally from Pennsylvania and Virginia, and a large number of them were either Revolutionary soldiers, or their descendants. Asa matter of course, they were generally poor, and lived just long enough to clear away a heavy, dense forest, and convert a wilderness into a field of profitable agriculture. Any of these old settlers, who died out of debt, leaving forty acres of land to each child, was considered well off. Very few of these old pioneers lived to see the railroad era, and the comforts and enjoyments of later times.

The permanent settlements began in several places, about the same time, without any one seeming to know that the others were there. The sound of an ax, the tinkling of a cowbell, or the barking of a dog, was often the first thing to reveal to the lonely settler that he had neighbors not far away. 'These setthkements commenced in 1801 or 1802, accounts as to the exact time conflicting. Of the first settlers were George Stinchcomb, Sr., Daniel Snider, George Valentine, Hooper, John Humberger; and soon came the Neals, Zartmans, Friends, Fishers and others in quick succession.

Here is a list of ail who can be recalled up to about the years 1815- 16: George Stinchcomb, Jr., Daniel Snider, George Valentine, Jacob Overmyer, Joel Strawn, John Nesbit, Robert Henderson, Daniel Kemper, John Smith, Benjamin Moore, Jesse Stevenson, Jacob Miller, Wilham Karr, Henry Bowman, Geoffrey Weimer, Henry Boyer, Alexander Morrison, Solomon Brown, James, Henthorn, Thomas R. Johnston, ee Anspach, Peter Humberger, Michael Fisher, Hugh McMullen,

1876, the following named persons were all citizens and tax-payers in Thorn township in 1806, and no doubt they were, for he took the names from the official records. There is no telling how much territory Thorn embraced at that time, but many of the names are unmistakable Thorn township names, as the township is constituted at present. Here is the list of tax-pavers in Thorn for 1806:

A large majority of the settlers who came te Thorn previous to 1820, were Pennsylvania Germans ; and the German was, at first, the prevailing language in churches, schools and society. There were English speaking settlers, of course, but German was more spoken than English, for a long while, but its use has died out. The common schools are all English, and the youth, for a quarter of acentury or more, have been taught this language almost exclusively.

The internal improvements of Thorn township, until 1871, consisted of the common road only, but Millersport, in Fairfield county, is only a short distance from the northwest corner of the township, and is situated on the canal, and it became the place where most of the wheat was sold. Brooke & Lewis, Thorn township merchants (one from Thornville and the other from New Salem), built a warehouse on the canal a little east of Millersport, and, for several years, purchased nearly all the surplus wheat of the township, which, in the '30s, and up into the *40s, was very large, and the principal export, as the surplus corn was nearly all sold to drovers, and fed on the ground; for, until cattle were shipped East by the cars, there were large numbers from Southern Ohio, Kentucky, and Northern Indiana, driven through this township on the wav to the Eastern market. ;

The first mill was built on Jonathan's Creek, near where the old Zanesville road crossed the stream. It was a small log building, with one corner set on a stump. It was, for a number of years, a noted place on the road between Zanesville and Lancaster. It is related that a traveler, being directed at Zanesville to go by Cooper's mill, he kept inquiring for the place all along the road, and which everybody seemed to know. When he reached the noted mill he was very much disappointed, and even disgusted, and expressed himself in very uncomplimentary language. He closed his remarks by saying he would go on West; he had no 'call to stop there. Yet Cooper's mil was a famous place, in its day. Samuel -Hite also erected a little spring run watermill, a sort of corn-cracker, where a fair article of corn meal was made. He finally turned it into a churn-mill. There was also a horse or cattle power mill on the Hooper place, that ground corn, and_ probably other rrain. Thomas Norris also erected a mill, of similar character, on the tener Reed farm, where good corn meal was made. The early settlers were all fond of corn bread. One year, when the wheat was killed by frost in May, and the corn also gave out, the people lived on chickens and early potatoes for several weeks ; then roasting ears came, and as soon as corn was hard enough to grate meal was grated, and then corn cakes, milk, butter, and chickens made a meal good enough for kings, and a very welcome one to the hard pressed pioneers.

- There were many good sugar camps in Thorn, and the sugar-making season was a memorable one. The sugar was, in fact, one of the principal forest trees. The pioneer girls and PORE had _ jolly times, gathering and boiling sugar water, and " stirring off." 'The little sugar camp in the woods was quite a feature in early times, in Thorn township.

Samuel Dixon brought the first colored person into the township. I[e (Dixon) came from Virginia.' '* Peg" was a fine looking black woman, of about twenty years of age. Next was the old man Perry and his family, and Old Jerry. They were accustomed to attend prayer meetings at New Salem church, where they often prayed in public, fervently and devoutly, and in strains of intense earnestness, eliciting

In 1832, the Asiatic cholera raged fearfully in the central-southern part of the township, and a large number of deaths occurred. George Clum and William Friend, who lived in the cholera region, were about . the only grown male persons who did not take it; and yet, as long as the dreadful scourge raged there, these two men visited the sick, the dying, and prepared the dead for burial, neither of them sleeping in a bed for several weeks, so constant and untiring were they engaged in their sel@sacrificing ministrations. Dr. William Trevitt then resided in Thornville, distant five or six miles from the infected district. He was a skillful physician, and saved every case he reached before the patient got into a certain condition.. He kept three horses constantly bridled and saddled, and rode both day and night. Two of his horses dropped dead under the spur. He saved one of his patients after his horse fell dead, though he ran a considerable distance with his saddle-bags on his arm. If he had arrived five minutes later, it is believed, his patient would have died. After Henderson (tor that was the patient's name) got well, he went to Trevitt's office and inquired for his bill. Trevitt turned to his book, and told him the ordinary charge of only two or three dollars. Henderson asked'him what his horse was worth. Trev- : itt told him that he had paid eighty dollars for him, only a few days before. Thereupon Henderson took out his pocket-book and counted out eighty-five dollars, and offered the money to Trevitt, who declined to take any thing but his regular fee, which he took and put in his pocket. Henderson then took out change so as to leave just eighty dollars remaining, the price of the horse, which he left upon the counter, with an emphatic remark, that that money belonged to Trevitt; and not to him. The cholera raged fearfully for several weéks, and then disappeared as suddenly as it came. It was very bad in Newark, Licking county, at the same time.

As rich and populous as Thorn is, it was, for a long time, destitute of internal improvements, was off the main thoroughtares of travel and commerce, and occupied a somewhat isolated position. Still, the farmers managed to market their surplus products without any very serious difficulty. There was the National pike only a few miles north, and the Zanesville and Maysville pike, only a little further south. There was the Ohio Canal, with a warehouse at Millersport, just over the township line, in Fairfield county ; and, with the one convenient market, and the two other not distant outlets, the people managed to get along comfortably and make money. There was an every other day mail and hack line between Lancaster and Newark, passing by way of Thornville; so, after these two places obtained railroads, the inhabitants of Thorn could get away without much difficulty, when they wished to make a railroad journey to distant parts of the country. - Previous to the railroad era, they were even better situated, comparatively, for they could reach a through line of stages at Jacksontown, only a few miles north, or at Somerset or Rushville, not much farther south. There was, at one time, a turnpike projected to run from Lancaster to Newark, by the way of Thornville, ad engineers surveyed the line, The undertaking received no great encouragement, however, and was soon abandoned. It is said that Samuel Hite, the old pioneer, was the only man, through whose land the line was run, who was friendly to the enterprise.

The Licking Summit Reservoir had been constructed as a feeder to the Ohio Canal, by means of high artificial embankments. This construction turned the three or four little natural lakes into one large body of water, and also submerged much of the adjacent flat country.

The '' Licking Summit Reservoir Improvement" was the name of an enterprise that was expected to bring Thorn township into direct connection with the canal, and furnish a good home market for all surplus farm products. In pursuance of this idea, a boatway was cut through the Reservoir from the feeder, some three miles northeast of Millersport, on the Ohio and Erie Canal, to a point at the south astern extremity of the Reservoir, about one mile from Thornyille. A twohorse tread-wheel boat was to tow canal boats to and fro along this boatway, a distance of several miles.

Thornport was laid out, a large hotel] and warehouse were speedily constructed, and quite a little town sprung up as if by magic, Phings went on swimmingly for a season, and the strange craft plied regularly between Thornport and the Feeder, on the Ohio and Erie Canal, carrying out the surplus grain products of the township and returning with salt, groceries, hardware, dry goods, and other commodities. But just as the only ''seaport" of Perry promised to be a substantial success, if not a' beauty and a joy forever," the wicked floods of adversity poured in and ateheed all the rising hopes of promise. One day as a canalboat was being towed in slowly through the delightful, placid waters, and all earth and sky apparently as lovely and serene as the blue waters of the lake itself, a storm suddenly loomed up in the northwestern sky, and almost in a twinkling rain descended in torrents, forked lightnings flashed, and the thunder rolled and jarred until even the big catfish at the bottom of the lake were stunned. Worse than all for the hardy seafarers, the winds blew a fearful hurricane, the waves of the agitated lake tossed and rolled around as fearful as the waters of the Atlantic in mid ocean. There could be but one result. The frail fleet was not prepared to weather such a gale, and the whole concern was wrecked, the boatmen thankful that they had escaped a watery grave. It is

_ probable that the boatmen who encountered this '¢ storm at sea"' carried exaggerated reports of it to the men of the Ohio and Erie Canal, and it.is certain that no captain or men would venture out into the Reservoir again; and thus ingloriously ended the inland navigation of Thorn township, and the costly boat channel, scooped out with so much toil and difficulty, became a desert waste of waters. Thornport went quickly down as a consequence. The '' banquet halls" of the big hotel became deserted, and rats, weasels and minks played prisoners' base in the commodious warehouse where had been safely stored thousands of bushels of golden grain. If Oscar Wilde, who complains that this American country has no ruins, could be led through the old hotel and warehouse at Thornport, his ethereal, esthetic nature would be gladdened, and if his eyes could behold the wreck of the boats, he would long to return to Europe no more.

'Thorn was not destined, however, to remain forever without internal improvements. The railroad era came to her directly. A road bed ~ -was made through the township in 1853, but no road was actually secured and cars run, until 1871, when the Newark, Somerset, & Straitsville was opened, and Thornport - one mile from Thornville - made a station. Thornport was not to sleep in ruins forever, and a new town has sprung up there. The old hotel, warehouse, and other old buildings remain to represent the place as it was before the disastrous wreck of boats ; but many new houses are near at hand to represent the new railroad town of to-day. The old and the new are there, side by side, and the coutrast is an impressive one. The Ohio Central runs Close along the western border of Thorn, and is nearer to many of the inhabitants than the N. S. & S., which runs through the eastern part of the township. '

When the richness and fertility af the soil is considered, it is a litde wonderful that so large a number of inhabitants left at an early day for the northwestern section of the State. The fact is, the population greatly increased aiong from 1828 to 1838, and this, with a highly favorable report of the region named, by those who knew it well, influenced many to move where land was more plentiful, and the country less 'thickly inhabited. Rev. Jacob Hooper, of Thorn, who, from 1820 to 1825 had been a missionary among the Wyandot Indians, brought back such glowing accounts of the richness of the Sandusky region, that every year furnished its movers from Thorn to the new country. Sandusky, Seneca, Hancock, Wyandot and Allen received the greater part of the emigrants from Vhorn. In Allen county, so many of the Crists, Smiths, Stambaughs, Riebolts, Wisemans and others settled in one part that they concluded to have a Thorn township named after the old home in Perry. Near Fostoria are the Wisemans, Williamsons, Hoopers, Foxes, Williamses, Norrises, Reeds. Stinchcombs and many others, once all residents of Perry county. Honey Creek, Seneca County, was also noted for its Thorn township people. The Cooleys, Valentines, Steels, Stinchcombs, Reeds, Crists, Davises, Teals, Camps, Gafields and many others are from old Thorn.

Some time in the Thirties there was a failure of crops in the Sandusky country, and Thorn having furnished such a large percentage of the early settlers, responded with alacrity, and the contributions in corn and flour were quite large. Although the people of Thorn were then hard run, they were not slow in bringing in their offerings for the suffering people of the Sandusky region, ranging from one hundred pounds of flour down to a quart of corn meal. 'Lhe contributions had to be hauled to Sandusky by wagons, Findlay being one of the principal distributing points. Many a tear trickled down the cheeks of the poorer class of people,'as they brought in their little offerings of meal, sincerely regretting that, by reason of their own pressing necessities, they could be no larger. .

Jacob Strawn, the Cattle King of Illinois, lived in early times a little distance northeast of Thornville. He was successful, but sold his farm there and started West, saying he would be the richest man in his State or nothing. He made his word more than good, for he became the largest Jand owner in Illinois. and the largest cate owner in the United States at the time of his death. Strawn was waylaid and killed near his own home twenty or more years since. It is not a litle singular that another Perry county man, John W. Tiff (Harrison township), who died at Denver, Colorado, only a few years since, was, at his death, the greatest cattle owner in the known world.

John Fisher, a Pennsylvanian, was an odd genius in his way, and at one time aspired to become the largest land owner in the township, and did, at one time, actually own five sections of land running across the township, and had it all paid for. [le was carrving on negotiations for the sixth section when the failure of a firm tor whom he was a heavy indorser, broke him up, and he was sold out by the sheriff. The old man gathered a litde from the wreck, and went to Indiana, but he was too much broken down to rise again as a heavy Jand owner. The acres that he once owned in Thorn township would be a large fortune in this day.

The politics of the township has always been Democratic, from the days of Jackson to the present. The Democrats have usually numbered about three to one of other parties. The breaking up of the Whig, the organization of the Republican party, and the civil war, made some personal charges, but the relative strength of the Democratic party remained about the same. It is also worthy of note, that the party rallied to the support of Horace Greeley, when he was a candidate for President, as strongly as it' did for Jackson, Polk, Buchanan, Tilden and Hancock. For more than fifty years it has been the same unyielding, overwhelming Democratic township, though there are probably not to exceed half a dozen men remaining there who voted for Jackson in 1828.

The Indians came into the township quite frequently in early times, to hunt bear. The borders of the little lakes, ponds and swamps, were favorite haunts for that animal. There was a large swamp in the _ Hooper region, where bears would congregate. When the Indians would visit the neighborhood, to hunt bear, or for other purposes, they would take possession more freely than was agreeable, but they never disturbed anything but something to eat. There was an Indian trail through the township, on the way to or from Washington, D. C., or back and forth between the Indian towns on the Muskingum and Scioto. The old Indian Spring, so called, was a little north of the house of George Stinchcomb, Sr., and was walled up with split puncheon. The Indians were fond of something good to eat, and did not confine their diet to bear and dear meat. They could readily scent a bake-oven full of pies, and when they.were baked enough, they would take them out and eat them after the style of some men of paler faces. They liked to trade a sick dog for a well one; and if the sick dog got well, ey wanted him also. Some of the Indians were very kind and considerate ; and when the fact is taken into consideration, that they mingled freely with the early settlers and their families in Thorn, with no resultant tragedy, it goes far to establish the fact, that they were not naturally bloodthirsty wretches, but when waging war, carried it on as barbarians, which they were.

The Reservoir has latterly become quite a place of public resort for fishing, boating and gunning parties. Certain kinds of fish are plentiful in the Reservoir, and quite a number of persons make a regular business of fishing. Visitors to the Reservoir are chiefly from Newark, Lancaster, New Lexington and intermediate points. Boats are kept to hire out to visitors, with men to row them, when it is desired. Rowing is pleasant enough when the waters are calm and smooth; but when the waves are rolling, the sport becomes unpleasant and even dangerous, and fatal accidents sometimes occur. Only a year or two since, a party of several persons ventured out on a windy day, the boat capsized, and three of them were drowned. The well known author, Emerson Bennett, laid the plot of one of his famous Indian stories about the original lakes here and neighborhood. How much actual truth, if any, is contained in his romantic story of this region, it would be difficult to determine.

Bears were very numerous about the original lakes and swamps. Indians and whites alike made it a business.to hunt and kill them. In very early times, bears from other parts of the country were chased into the swamps and _ low lands, where the Reservoir now is. They could not always be followed up successfully, and sometimes their capture had to be given up. There were bear chases or hunts in this part of the township, as late as 1826 or 1827; but, about that time, this wild animal of the forest was exterminated. .

Towns. - Thornville, first called Lebanon, was laid out by Joseph -McMullen and John The record of the establishment of this town is imperfect, there being no date given, but it was_probably about 1811. The post office could not be called Lebanon on account of the prior claim of Lebanon, Warren county; and when this became known, the name of the town was changed to Thornville. The village grew slowly, but soon had a tavern, church, school-house, blacksmith and other shops, and a dozen or more dwelling houses. It had, according to the census of 1880, a population of two hundred and sixty-nine. The town now has a post oflice, one newspaper, three churches (Lutheran, German Reform and Methodist), a union school house, two physicians, one hotel, two dry goods stores, two hardware stores, two drug stores, two livery stables, and the usual number of small shops for a village of its size. Within the last few years, and since the building of the railroad, four or five fine costly residences have been erected. Some of these are among the costliest in the county. Thornville is delightfully situated on a commanding eminence, overlooking a portion of the Reservoir and much of the surrounding country. It is on the common road from Somerset to Newark. and from Lancaster to Newark. It is about one mile distant from the line of the Newark, Somerset and Straitsville Railway. In addition to the new structures, the old part of _ the town has been repaired and painted up, within the last few years, and the place now presents a modern and neat appearance, Thornville is surrounded by a very rich country, and the business men of the town have a large and profitable trade, which appears to be on the increase. The population is also increasing.

Thornvillé is distinguished as being the burial place of Hon. Samuel White of Newark, who died suddenly in 1844. Te was the Whig candidate for Congress, and had acquired a State and national reputation. He was making a warm canvass, and probably over-exerted himself in a long, political speech, causing his death. He had been married toa Miss Stoneman, daughter of Rev. Jesse Stoneman of Thorn township.

'Mrs. White died, and her remains were interred by her kindred who were buried in the M. E. Cemetery at Thornville. When her distinguished husband died, his remains were brought from Newark and laid by her side. The long funeral procession that wound around the mar- 'n of the Reservoir, and up the Thornville hill, was the grandest pageant of the kind that, up to that time at least, had ever been witnessed in the county. White's political friends fairly, worshiped him, and his olitical foes hated and dreaded him. But all political asperities were laid aside, when the grim messenger came and took the gifted young orator and statesman beyond the reach of partisan warfare and political 'honors. It is worthy a note, that the remains of the great Whig ora-: tor came to rest in a town and township so overwhelmingly opposed to him in politics. But the grave banished all resentments, and the ashes of the distinguished statesman sleep quietly beneath the plain, white marble stone, which stands at the highest point in the cemetery, adjacent to the M. E. Church. In addition to name, date of birth and death, the stone is inscribed with the following simple but impressive sentence: 'We all must tread the road to death." Thornport was laid out by W. W. Talbott, in 1839. A large hotel, warehouse and other buildings, were erected; but when the ' Licking Summit Reservoir improvement'? went down, they all went to decay, and the place became a mere fishing point. Upon the completion of. the Newark, Somerset and Straitsville Railroad,in 1871, the town brightened up again, and quite a number of new houses has been built. The population by the census of 1880, was one hundred and _ twentyfive. It is a station on the Newark, Somerset and Straitsville Railroad, and is also situated along side of the Reservoir.

Thorn township is laid off into convenient school districts, has good, comfortable, commodious school-houses, and school from six to eight months of the year, and taught, as a general thing, by good, competent teachers. Public education receives very general attention.

Agriculture has now reached a high state of cultivation, and the well-kept farms, houses, barns, etc., and the thrifty appearance of live -stock, all indicate an industrious, prosperous, and enterprising people. The population of Thorn, including villages, in June, 1880, was 1,900.

Rev. Joseph Walmire, late of this township, had an eventful experience in his very young days. His father and mother, with himself and two litde brothers, were on board a sailing vessel from the old country, destined for the United States of America. The trip was long and tedious; the father and mother of the little boys took sick, died, were buried at sea, and the orphan children were sold to the highest bidder, to pay passage and other expenses. The children were all bought and taken charge of by separate persons, went to different parts of the country, but all secured good homes, and only one of them was called by the name of their own parents. They knew nothing of each other while children, but after they grew to be men, they sought and found each other out, and henceforward were brothers, and strangers to each other no more. Joseph Walmire became a local preacher of the M. E. Church, another brother was a. somewhat distinguished and talented minister of the Lutheran Church, while the third was a thrifty, industrious citizen, highly esteemed by all who knew him. Rev. Walmire died only a few years since. Another of the brothers was living not very long ago. 'Whether the third is living or dead, is not known.

CuurcueEs. - Zion, or Ribel's Church, is the second oldest in the county. In 1806, Matthias and Elizabeth Reinbold sold two and a-half acres of land to Zion Church. The witnesses to the contract are Philip Miller, Henry Humbarger, and John King. The articles of organization are dated June, 1806, in the hand-writing of John King, in German, and the document is now in possession of George Daniel, who kindly exhibited it for inspection, and to whom the public is, therefore, indebted for the facts established.

It appears that Rev. John King, of the Reform; and Rev. William Foster, of the Lutheran Church, calling to their aid the brethren in their respective connections, united in the purchase of church and cemetery rounds, and in erecting a church edifice thereon, now known as **Ribel's Church."" The names signed to this document are in the order following: William Foster, Preacher; Peter Humbarger. Elder ; Henry Humbarger, Peter Hedrick, Deacons; Matthias Reinbold, John

King - the writer, and also the representative of the Reform people - Philip Miller, William Stahl, Jacob Reem, William Rehm, Michael Sterner, Andrew Foster, Leonard Emrick, Paul Bean, Jacob Weissman and Adolph Weissman. Rev. Henry King, of Baltimore, Ohio, is a son of the Rev. John King, above named, and is. still living.

This record shows Rev. John King to be the first preacher of his sect who settled in the county. [le came as early as 1803-"4. He was, so far as there is record proof, the first preacher that ever settled in Perry county, and the Rev. William Foster was the next, and both united in the work of the Christian to build ove house for two sects, and their labor stands to this day, blessed and approved. Both congregations are strong, active, influential, and sustain regular religious services.

The Regular Baptist Church in Thorn is on Section 17. Henry Bowman, one of the very first settlers, yave one acre of ground. The first person buried there was a child of one Israel Penrod. 'The senior Baptist members were Adam Bogenwright, James Smith, Samuel P. Hite, Stephen Smith, Rev. William Karr, Jacob Balsly, Rev. George DeBolt and others. The first building was erected of hewn logs, near 1824, and the first preachers were Rev. Kauffman and Rev. Eli Ashbrook. The church at present is a frame of commodious proportions, and enjoys regular preaching.

The German Baptist Church of Thorn township, Perry county, commonly called Dunkers, or Tunkers, which, in German, means "to dip ;"' hence the appellation of Tunkers, and later that of Dunkers. Like all other churches in early times, the meetings were held in private houses, in barns, and in the open groves, when weather permitted, The names of Schofield, Gall, Plank, Hendricks, Snyder, Dennison, Helser, Bosserman, Funderburg, Cover, and Froude are among those of the earliest known in Perry county. The membership is large and very respectable in character. The preachers have no stipulated salary, but assistance is extended voluntarily, or when needed. No member of the church is permitted to become a public charge. Help to the needy is a duty enjoined. Faith and repentance prior to baptism are essential to membership. The minister is called by vote of the majority of the congregation. The preference of the voter is expressed privately, and the tally is kept by the elders. The church or council meetings are held on Saturday prior to the Sunday meeting and preaching. These are sometimes held quarterly, sometimes twice a month.

The Jonathan's Creek branch of the German Baptist Church comprises Perry, Fairfield, Licking and Muskingum counties. The organization of this branch of Christians dates back in Germany to 1708. They have, here in Perry, no church record, or roll of members, and this may be true elsewhere. The minister, when first elected, is on probation, and in his first degree of advancement. If faithful, he may be advanced to the second degree in the same way, and by the same vote which first chose him, and in the same way they are advanced to the third degree, or full ministry, ordained by the laying on of hands of at least two ordained elders. When placed under oath they aflirm ; they are non-combatant in war, which they oppose; they seat them- selves around a table at sacrament of bread and wine after the supper, the sexes at separate tables. The sick are also anointed with oil in the name of the Lord. They believe in a change of heart prior to baptism, and without which baptism is of no effect for salvation. 'The denomination has a good, commodious house of worship, situated in the eastern part of Thorn township, on the common road leading from Somerset to Thornville. Many Dunkers, or German Baptists, were among the earliest pioneers of Thorn, and religious worship was held at private houses at a very early day, no doubt previous to 1810. Daniel Snider was a preacher and leader, and services were often held at his house. Snider also preached in Fairfield, Muskingum and other counties, and was widely known, and everywhere venerated by the brethren of the denomination to which he belonged. He died at the age of 93, universally esteemed.

The Lutheran and Reform churches in Thornville were both organized at a very early date - from 1810 to 1812. A little later the two congregations united in the building of an edifice to be used jointly. Rev. William Foster, the founder of the Lutheran Church in Perry - county, was, no doubt, the principal officiating minister in the organization of the Lutheran congregation, and Rev. Andrew Henkel came along about that time or soon thereafter. The writer has seen a printed certificate of baptism, signed by Rev. William Foster, of date A. D. 1806, the rite having been administered in Thorn township. Foster died about 1815 or 1816, and Rev. Andrew Henkel appears to have succeeded as pastor of nearly all of the Lutheran churches in Perry county.

Rev. John King was, no doubt, the minister in charge when the Reform congregation was organized. He came to what is now Perry county in 1803 or 1804, and, according to the best information, was the first minister of any denomination to settle in the county.

The Lutheran and Reform congregations continued in the joint ownership and use of church property until about twenty years since, when each society separately erected a large, commodious and costly house of worship. .;

The Methodist Episcopal Church in Thornville was organized and a church built atan early day. The edifice, which was of brick, was, after a short time, reported unsafe, when it was torn down and a large frame building erected in its stead, which continues to be used at the present time. The Rev. Jesse Stoneman was, in his lifetime,a mem- ' ber of this church, and his ashes repose in the cemetery adjacent. The charge is attached to the Rushville Circuit, and secures its ministers by appointment of the Ohio Conference. Regular preaching and other church services, including Sabbath school, are sustained.

Friend's or Crist's Church (Methodist Episcopal), situated in the southwestern part of Thorn township, though not strictly speaking a pioneer church, is one that has been long established, and sustains regular preaching and other religious services common to the denomina- tion with which it is connected. The society has a neat, comfortable house of worship, and, in proportion to its numerical strength and general ability, is zealous and liberal in church work and in contribution to the various funds of the church. The regular ministers are appointed and sent by the Ohio Conference.

The Methodist Episcopal Church at New Salem is on the Perry county side of the line. A church was organized and a log house of worship built at an early day - about 1818 to 1820. This was in use until 1838 or 1840, when a neat, commodious frame edifice was erected near the site of the old one, which has been occupied until the present time. The society is tolerably strong in numbers, active, and preaching and other church services, including Sabbath school, are regularly sustained. Its ministers are appointed by the Ohio Conference.

Biographical Sketches

AcCHAUER, JouN JACOB, merchant, New Straitsville, Ohio, was born September 1, 1822, in the Kingdom of Wertumberg, Germany, son of John Jacob and Regine Dorotha (Young) Achauer. At the age of twelve years he emigrated, with his father, to America, who, landing in New York, came west and settled in Brush Creek township, Muskingum county, Ohio, where he entered eighty acres of land, upon which he lived to the time of his death, June 30, 1858, aged sixty-three years, nine months and twenty-nine days; his wife following him in death, February, of 1879, aged eighty-three years. Mr. Achauer; the subject of this sketch, remained upon the farm with his father until he was fifteen years of age, at which time he employed with Jacob Brock, of Zanesville, Ohio, who kept a fancy bakery and collee-house, with whom he remained for two years, during which time he acquired some English education at his leisure moments. At the expiration of this time he employed as a clerk with the firm of Roff & Lesslie, who kept a general merchandise store, it being the principal store of sZanesville, where he remained one year, and on account of the embarrassment of the firm, brought about by the panic of 1840, he returned home and worked from spring till fall on the farm, when he employed with one Granger, at Moxahala, this county, where he worked in a distillery until the following spring, when he again returned home and engaged in farming for over one year - from 1842, February, to 1843, June - and returned again to Moxahala and finished the trade of a distiller in 1847, with Andrew Graham. Having completed his trade, he bought thirty-three acres of land at Blue Rock and opened business for himself, running a distillery and sawmill, continuing until 1849, then selling out and buving a steam sawmill about one-half mile up the creek, which he run for about nineteen years, at which time he sold out and came to this place, in 1871, and engaged in the grocery business, which he carried on until 1874, when he suspended business on account of the miners' strike in that year, by which he lost $5,000. The strike began in April and he suspended in July of the same year. In 1874 he was elected Mayor, to fill a vacancy of eight months ; was engaged in fire insurance and steamship agencies, and was also notary public, and was again elected Mayor in 1879, serving two years. Resumed business again in 1881, where he keeps a neat and well selected supply of produce and dry goods. Tle igs now a member of the town Council, and was run tor County Representative, on the Greenback ticket, in 1878. Was married January 28, 1845, to Miss Charlotte Molter, born November 26, 1826, in the Prov- ince of the Rhine, in Bavaria; daughter of Peter and Margaret (Young) Molter. They are the parents 'of thirteen children, Viz wae a Louisa D., deceased; John G.; Andrew G., deceased; Caroline Augusta M.; Julia; Lydia A., deceased; Albert L.; Benjamin F. ; William P. ; Elizabeth, and Edwin F.

Acker, Pror. H. F., teacher of the HighSchool, New Lexington, Ohio. Professor Acker was born Januaty 31, 1850, in the same house in which his father was born. He is the son of Adam and Margaret (Brown) Acker, both natives of Clayton township. His paternal ancestry is German, his maternal, Irish. Young Acker began teaching in 1867, and taught four terms, then entered the Ohio University, at Athens,.and graduated in 1875. He came to this place in the fall of the same year, when he took charge of the schools here as Superintendent and teacher of the High School, which position he held for two years. The following year he had charge of the Madison Academy, in this county, since which time he has held his present position. Prof. Acker was married July 5, 1876, to Miss Lizzie, daughter of Thomas and Rachel (Wilson) Rhodes. They are the parents of one child, Mary Pauline, who died in infancy.

Apams, CHARLES, engineer, Shawnee, Ohio, was born January 27, 1861, in Morgan, Morgan county, West Virginia, son of Robert and Ellen (Culbertson) Adams. Upon the breaking out of rebellion, and abdéut six months after his birth, his father moved to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, where he remained about five years, and in the following laces was engaged during the time that his son remained at home: St. uis, Missouri, three years ; Grand Tower, Illinois, one year ; Knightstown, Indiana, two years; Ironton, Ohio, one year; Bellaire, Ohio, seven months ; Ashland, Kentucky, four years, when and where Charles began work at plate rolls in a rolling mill, remaining about two years, from where he came to Shawnee, Ohio, where he engaged as a striker at Fannie Furnace blacksmith shop for about one year, when he went to Ashland, Kentucky, remaining about six weeks, and again returned to Shawnee, and to the same shop, working about thirteen months, at which time he engaged as fireman on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, running from Newark to Shawnee, where he remained about six months, and then worked as top filler at the New York furnace about three months, at which time he took his present position. He was married December 30, 1880, to Miss Ella, daughter of George and Catharine pe ae Martzolff. They are the parents of one child, viz.: Robert

ApaAMs, RosBErt, farmer : postoffice, New Lexington, Clayton township ; born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, in 1803; settled in Perry county about the year 1827 ; a son of Joseph and Martha (Moore) Adams; married, in 1825, to Miss Margaret McClelland, daughter of James and Mary (McKinley) McClelland. They are the 'parents of eight children, viz.: Mary J., deceased; Joseph; James M.; John; Margaret M., deceased; William, deceased; Samuel; +4Calvin, deceased. Mr. Adams had five sons in the late war.

Apvams, Roserr, Manager of New York Furnace, Shawnee, Ohio, was born November 1, 1829, in Lanarkshire, near Glasgow, Scotland ; son of James and Margaret (Barclay) Adams. Mr. Adams was brought up in a furnace region, and learned the trade of moulder, beginning at the 'early age of ten years, and served seven years, at Schott's iron works. After learning his trade he has been engaged as follows: Learning blast furnace trade, where he worked eight years and nine months - at this place there were sixteen furnaces. At the expiration of this time a Quaker iron company, of Northumberland county, Pennsylvania, and situated on the Susquehanna River, induced hitm to emigrate to America, and empleyed him as furnace keeper for sixteen months, at Danville, Montour county, Pennsylvania, keeping furnace ; at Bloomsburg, Columbia county, Peadeietita two years, keeping furnace for the Paxton Iron Company ; this company then sent him to Bools' Falls, Connecticut, where he blowed furnace one year ; at Stockbridge Plains, Massachusetts, where he blowed two furnaces one year for D. T. Perry, at which time the work stopped; at Prideville, Monongahela county, Virginia, blowing two furnaces, three miles apart - one used charcoal and the other used coke - for a Boston company, five years and six months ; was at this place at the opening of the rebellion and when the first gun was fired upon Fort Sumter, in 1861. Mr. Adams was at this time captain of a militia company in this place, having been promoted from first lieutenant, and was, by Governor Wise, ordered into the service; but not being willifig to take up arms against the Government, he went to Alleghany, Pennsylvania, where he blowed the American Furnace three or four months for John Jamison, when he returned to his home in Virginia, remaining about one year, blowing furnace six months of the time at Independence, for George Ilardman. At Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, blowing furnace for Mr. Loughlin three years and eight months. He next superintended the building of two furnaces at Sunebar; which he afterward blowed two years and six months. At this time, in 1868, the Boat Trade, near St. Louis, Missouri, sent for him to come and start a furnace they had built in 1862, where he was employed eighteen months, and made the first iron that ever was run from coal in Missouri. At this time he again returned to the moulding trade, and was employed at Grand Tower, one hundred and ten miles below St. Louis, for six months, from where he went to Hillman's Furnace, Legreen, to Ohio, and to Knightstown, Clay county, Indiana, where he was employed, keeping furnace and moulding, about six months ; next to Ironton, Ohio, remaining four years, moulding, running and keeping furnace ; at Bellaire, Ohio, eight more, blowing furnace. While here he was called to start the Stony Hollow furnace, near Steubenville, Ohio, that had been chilled, taking from it twenty-six tons of iron; at Ashland, Kentucky, two months, blowing furnace ; and again moulded for about two years, when he came to Shawnee in June, 1877, where he has been employed up to this time. Was married in August, of 1842, to Hlen, daughter of Lewis and Ellen (Allen) Culbertson. They are the parents of nine children: Robert, deceased ; Ellen; Margaret; William ; Agnes; James, deceased ; Charles; Mary, and Sarah.

ApAMs, WM. WALLACE, engineer, Shawnee, Ohio, was born June 23, 1855, in Bulls Fails, Connecticut ; son of Robert and Helen (Culbertson) Adams. Mr. Adams lived with his father until 1870, which time found him at Knightsville, Indiana, from where he went to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and engaged at Jones & Loughlin's mills. firing engine boilers for'three years, from whence he went to Ashland, Boyd county, Kentucky, where he remained up to the time of his coming to Shawnee. During his stay at Ashland he was married to Elizabeth M., daughter of Joel and Mary (Mayhew) West, of Boyd county, Kentucky. They are the parents of three children, viz.: Mabel C.: Agnes C.. and Robert L. After coming to this place he has been engaged as follows: Laying brick, three months : night watch at New York and Straitsville Coal and Iron Furnace, about seven months; keeping furnace. two years ; working about furnace until about June, 1880, when he employed in his present vocation and which he has held during this time. Apamson, Pius V., Shawnee, Ohio, merchant. was born September 26, 1856, in Muskingum county. Ohio; son of Luther and Sarah (Dilts) Adamson ; was raised in Zanesville, Ohio, and assisted his father ina retail dry goods store of that place: was married May 11, 1875, to Hester, daughter of William R. and Eva (Ball) Terry. of Licking county, Ohio. They are the parents of one child. whose name is Wate T. Mr. Adamson left Zanesville, after having finished his course of study as laid down by the public school system of that day, together with a business course at the Zanesville Commercial College, in the fall of 1874, when he took a berth for a short time on a boat plying on the Muskingum, Ohio and Mississippi Rivers, from Zanesville, Ohio. After this he was engaged in his father's dry goods store for eight months, and at the end of this time he went to Shawnee, Ohio, where he engaged in clerking for two years, and then went into business for himself, where he has remained up to this present time, and has carried, upon an average, a stock of about tour thousand dollars' worth of goods since he first opened his store of general merchandise, and has enjoved a good business, although in competition with company stores. Arp, MAxIMIN, retired boot and shoe manufacturer, New Lexington, Ohio; born, September 22, 1820. in Upper Rhine. Department Alsace, France; son of Francis Anthony and Mariah (Miller) Aid. Maximin came to America, November 15, 1831, and landed in New Orleans, Louisiana, where he remained about two vears, then came to Waverly, Pike county, Ohio, ten months: then to Chillicothe. Ohio, in 1834, and to Logan, Ohio. in 1845, his father's family remaining at Chillicothe ; and to Clarksville, Jackson township, Perry county. Ohio, in 1848, and built the first house in that place. In 1852. to New Holland, Pickaway county, Ohio; in 1854, to Rehoboth, Perry county, Ohio, and, in 1856, came to New Lexington, Ohio. where he has remained to the present time. Mr. Aid's father and brothers (four) were all boot and shoe manufacturers. Mr. Aid was married, first, in 1846, to Miss Mary, daughter of Joseph and Christena (Hoover) Krieg, of Perry county, Ohio. They became the parents of nine children, viz. : Christena Loretta, married to Thomas Henestofel: Catharine Anne, died in infancy ; Mary Anne V., married to John M. Smith: Frank T.. -now County Surveyor of Perry county, Ohio, married June 1, 1882, to Miss Lillian F., daughter of William J. and Ellen (Dunbar) Cully, of Hebron, Ohio; Hellena; Catharine F.: Emma; and two died in infancy, notnamed. Mrs. Aid died in July, 1861." Mr. Aid was married, the second time, March 4, 1862, to Miss Lucinda Anne. daughter of John and Martha (Gooden) Hartsell, of Perry county. Ohio. Joseph

Krieg, named in this sketch, was a native of Alsace, France, and a soldier with Napoleon, in Spain, Portugal, Italy, and Germany, and at the battle of Waterloo - serving nine years, in all. Francis Aid, father of Maximin, was a native of Baden, Germany. After his apprenticeship was completed, he got a permit to travel in Germany ; but ''tyranny being so high, and wages so low,"' he determined to leave the country, and, by an odd stratagem, he succeeded in eluding the Government vigilance officer. He arrived at Alsace, France, where he made his home until he emigrated to America. Joseph Aid, brother of Maximin, came to this county in 1868. He was married June 4, 1848, to Miss Genevieve, daughter of Jacob Kellhofer. They are the parents of thirteen children, viz.: Joseph Lafayette, now in the United States Army, Fifteenth Infantry Regimental Band; Elizabeth, died in infancy ; Charles Theodore ; William; Annie, deceased ; George; John J., died in infancy ; Frederick ; Dora; Lily and Minnie (twins) ; Harry, died in infancy ; and Genevieve, died in childhood.

ALLEN, SAMUEL B., tonsorial artist, Rendville, Ohio, was born a slave, in Lewisburgh, Greenbrier county, Virginia, November 26, 1841, son of Isaac and Mary Ann (Scott) Allen. He remained a slave until the fall of 1861, when he took a 'French furlough" and came to near Rutland, Meigs county, Ohio. and worked on a farm; then to Gallipolis, Ohio, and worked in a Government hospital one year, and then went aboard, on a Government boat, **D. C. Horton," and acted as orter one year, and for several years followed steamboating on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. His last trip was as steward on the "Granite State." Mr. Allen was married June 25, 1868, to Miss Rhoda, daughter of James and Mary (Bell) Hogg, of Pomeroy, Ohio. They are the parents of two children. namely: Isaac E., and May Blanch. He first located his home at Middleport, Ohio, where he owns considerable property, and came with his family to Rendville, Ohio, in 1881. Mr. Allen began life for himself under the most unfavorable circumstances ; but, being possessed of more than ordinary intelligence and business ability, has become master of his trade, and has now secured a comfortable home.

Aviison, Wier D.. farmer and pomologist. New Lexington, Ohio, was born June 20, 1823, in Bearfield township, this county ; son of Thomas and Elenor (House) Allison. He was raised a farmer, and has made that the business ot his life, together with pomology. He lived in Bearfield township until he was nineteen years of age, when he moved to this township, near Bristol, where he resided until three years ago, when he moved to where he now makes his home, owning sevennine acres at this place, and one hundred and five acres near Bristol. x about the age of twenty years he began business for himself, renting his father's farm, which he continued about three vears, when he bought fifty-six acres of his father's farm, and rented the remaining portion, forty-nine acres, for seven successive years, at which time his father deeded him the forty-nine acres and made his home with him the remainder of his life. Mr. Allison's father came from Maryland to Ohio, about 1807, where he entered and cleared land, and endured all the hardships of frontier life: was drafted in the last Indian war and served about one month, when the war was closed. He used to trade with the Indians when he first came to this State. Wolves, bear, deer and turhey were in abundance, which he used to kill. Mr. Allison, the subject of this sketch, was married July 27, 1870, to Miss Deaver, born January 16, 1839, daughter of Reuben and Affadilla (Moody) Deaver. They are the parents of three children, viz. Granville P., Isadore, and Nelson C,

ANDERSON, CATHARINE C., Pike township, Maholm postoffice, Ohio ; farmer's wife ; was born July 17, 1821, in Germany, daughter of Nicholas and Elizabeth (Coheart) Zahm. Mrs. Anderson lived in Germany until she was eight years of age, when she came with her parents to America, taking ship at Havre De Grace and landing in Philadelphia, where they bought a horse and wagon and drove to Wooster, Ohio, and from thence to East Union, Wayne county, Ohio, where her father entered eighty acres of land, upon which he lived for ten years, when he moved to within five miles of Somerset, this county, where he bought fifty acres of land and lived twenty-five years. At this time he went to Indiana, where he spent about nine years with his sons, Peter, Jacob, and George, after which he returned, and lived with Mrs. George Green up to the time of his death, dying at the age of eighty-seven years, and upon his birthday, near St. Joseph's Academy. Mrs. Anderson was married, January 6, 1840, to William D., son of Daniel and Anna (Hendrickson) Anderson, who was born March 5, 1819, in Pickaway county, Ohio, but was living at St. Joseph's Academy at the time of his marriage. After their marriage they lived for two years one mile south of the above named Academy ; from thence they moved to Hocking county, Ohio, where they lived six years, and again returned to about the same place they removed from, remaining this time about two years, when they came to where Mrs. Anderson still lives, at Bristo] Station, in April of 1854, where he bought eighty acres of land, upon which he made all the improvements; supplanting the log house by a neat frame dwelling, and gave most of his attention to farming. He, in his life, gave considerable attention to the running of a saw mill, having owned one about seventeen years; and after running a portable mill about five years, he sent it to Indiana, where his sons are now using it. He also owned eighty acres east of the present home, but sold forty acres of that tract, which leaves one hundred and twenty acres in all. He was station agent on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and _postmaster at Bristol Station, and kept a dry-good and grocery store at the same place and same time, up to the time of his death. Since his death Mrs. Anderson has opened a grocery store at Bristol Station, in copartnership wth her daughter, Augusta Irene, who is, at this time, station agent and postmaster at the above place. Sarah A. is assistant post. master, and France A. C. is general assistant at both the store ana post-office. Mr. and Mrs. Anderson became the parents of thirteen children, viz.: Philamon A., Mary E. (deceased), Adrian C., Daniel S., Emily H. (deceased), Thomas Mc., Agnes P., Margaret A. (deceased), Cecily C. (deceased), William N. (deceased), Augusta I., Sarah A., and France A. C. '

(Stokes) Andrew. At the age of nine years he went into the mines of England and worked about five years. In 1850 he came to America and located at St. Louis, Missouri, and mined there about three years ; then went to California, and mined until 1858, when he located at Rock Run, on the Monongahela River, Pennsylvania ; after which he mined at Amesville and Athens, Ohio. January g, 1862, he enlisted in Company B, Fifty-third O. V. I., and served three years. Ile was taken prisoner near Vicksburg, and held seven months, being confined in Mobile, Atlanta, Morton, Libby, Belle Island, and Pembleton. After his discharge he returned to the coal field in the Monongahela valley, Pennsylvania, and remained one summer ; then he obtained the position of Mine Boss at Leetonia, Ohio, where he remained unti] June, 1877, when he came to Moxahala, this county, and to his present location in 1879. Mr. Andrew was married, July 4, 1865, to Miss Elizabeth Riley, of Rock Run, Pennsylvania. They are the parents of three children, viz.: William, George, and James.

ANSEL, Josrepu; post-oflice, Buckeye Cottage, Clayton township ; farmer; born in Muskingum county in 1845; came to Perry county in 1870; son of Peter and Louisa (Stoneburner) Ansel. The latter died in 1881. Mr. Ansel was married, in 1870, to Miss Esther T. Wilson, daughter of Ezra and Elizabeth (Burgess) Wilson. They have four children, viz.: Burgess C., Bertha L., Ezra B., and Cleopatra. Mr. Ansel enlisted in the late war, in 1863, in Company B, Seventy-eighth -O. V.1., Army of the Cumberland. He was in the following battles, viz.: Kenesaw Mountain, Brush Mountain, Siege of Atlanta, etc. ; was taken prisoner at Raleigh, North Carolina.

ZARDREY, JAMES R. ;. farmer ; Madison township; post-oflice, Mt. Perry. Heis ason of John and Hannah (iJuston) Ardrey, and was born August 7,, 1851, in this township, where he has since lived, following his occupation. He now owns one hundred and fifty-six acres of good land. He was married, November 10, 1875, to Edith Smith, daughter of Edward and Harriet (Baird) Smith. Mr, and Mrs. Ardrey are the parents of four children: John C., Walter C., Randal C., and Hattie Emma.

ArNo_p, WitiiAM WricutT, M. D., was born on the farm of his father, George Arnold, near Pleasantville, Fairfield county, April 6th, 1817. George Arnold came from the State of Maryland, with his wife, whose maiden name was Margaret Wright, on horseback, in the year 1815. She was a firm and faithful Presbyterian, while he remained steadfastly an adherent of the Catholic church to the end of his life, which was prolonged to the age of eighty-four years. Jt was their habit to attend church in the same carriage - George visiting the Catholic, and his wife visiting the Presbyterian church ; and this, custom was persevered in with the utmost harmony between them to the end of life's journey. '

The brothers of Dr. Arnold were Henry, George and David, all of whom died in Fairfield county, leaving sons, and John Baldwin Arnold of Van Buren county, Iowa. His sisters were, Mrs. Thomas Ewing of Fairfield county, and Rachel, who died when a young lady.

- Dr. W. W. Arnold was married Sept. 23d, 1843, to Miss Caroline Mitchell, a daughter of Randolph Mitchell, a merchant, and Lydia Whitmore, a sister of the late venerable Peter Whitmore of Perry county. Miss Caroline's grandmother was Sarah Alexander, born in Lonaon: and reputed to belong to the wealthy families of Virginia. This grandmother prided herself not only in the ancient wealth of her ancestry, but also in the family tradition that they were descended from Alexander, the Great. The children of this marriage are: Brezelius Mitchell Arnold, husband of Catharine, daughter of Daniel Baker of Crawford county, Ills; Lydia Rachel, wife of John McLaughlin, post office, Thornville, O.; Elbridge Lee, husband of Alma, daughter of John Church, post office, Somerset; Anthony Hayden, the early morning of whose marriage to Miss Hannah Kerr Heck, the youngest daughter of Alexander Heck, is clouded with sorrow by her death, in less than two years after the celebration of her nuptials; Return Lavaga, now a student at the National Normal University, Lebanon, Ohio; William Wright, a teacher of promise ; Mott Hunter, a student at the Wesleyan Ohio University, Delaware, Ohio; George R. and Atlee Mitchell, both at home, and yet minors. This family of children are of Irish extraction on the Arnold side and of English,on the Mitchell side. Their mother lives in the same stately mansion erected by her father in 1828, the same where she was married; where her children were born and reared ; where the first Methodist church of New Reading was organized; where her parents lived and where they also died; where, also, for a quarter of a century or more, her honored husband shared her joys and sorrows ; and where she at last smoothed the dying pillow of that husband and of her son, Randolph, who had, while yet an infant, preceded his father to the land of rest; and the same house, too, where she saw all her sons become teachers as they grew to manhood, and then take their places in the front rank of respectable citizenship, as farmers and educators. Dr. Arnold began life on a farm, became a student at Granville College and Greenfield Academy, distinguished himself as a successful teacher, obtained a diploma from the Medical College at Cleveland in 1848, began the practice of medicine in New Reading, and, at his death in 1872, had won for his name and memory the distinction of a first-class physician, successful farmer, honest citizen and worthy Christian of the Reform Church. Besides the ancient but still beautiful brick mansion in which he resided, and six acres of town lots in New Reading, Dr. Arnold left one hundred and thirty-three acres of land adjoining the town plat, and about five hundred acres improved land for his sons in Crawford county, Illinois, all of which property and lands vindicate the soundness of his judgment and the strength of his sagacity as a financier.

* AsnpauGH, WM. H., baker, Rendville, O., born March 14, 1850, in Pike township, son of Simeon and Annie (Blair) Ashbaugh. His father came to Fairfield county, O., from Pennsylvania, emigrating from there to Perry county about sixty years ago. His mother's ancestors were natives of Virginia. William H. was brought up on a farm until about thirteen years of age, when he went to Zanesville to learn his trade. After completing which he first established himself in business at Richwood, Union county, then at Zanesville, and came to his present place in February, 1881, where he is doing a good business. a AsuBprook, Thos. M., was born August, 1847, in Fairfield county, Ohio. His father is Edward P. Ashbrook, and his mother Margaret Redmond, residents of Amanda township, Fairfield county. His father's brothers are Wm., residing in Amanda township, Cedar Hill P. O.; Mahlon, in St. Joseph, Missouri; Absalom, deceased. Amelia Ashbrook, mother of Edward, and grandmothor of Thomas M., is now (1881) eighty-nine years of age, in full possession of her faculties. Her maiden name was Peters. Her sister, the wife of Aaron Ashbrook (deceased), lived to the advanced age of ninety-three years. Thomas was raised on a farm, and is one of three brothers and one sister; was raised on a farm to the age of twenty-one years. Ile then engaged his services in a grist mill in Pickaway county. After three years there he came to Somerset, engaged in the same business, and afterwards started a planing mill on the site now occupied by the Snyder Brothers. Ile also engaged in the sale of mill machinery, and continues in the same business. The Ashbrooks are of Scotch descent, and seem to have originated in Berkley county, Virginia, where six sons and one daughter are recorded as follows: John had a family. Ife was killed by a horse in-his native county. Thomas, who emigrated to Washington county, Pennsylvania, and had two sons. He was killed by Indians, or in the war. James, a noted lawyer, died in his native county. Moses, emigrated to Tennessee, and is doubtless the progenitor of those Ashbrooks residing in Nashville and other parts of the South. Aaron, the fifth son, emigrated to Hampshire County, Virginia: had two sons and removed to Kentucky. Levi, the sixth son of the Berkley county, Virginia, Ashbrooks, was a Baptist preacher; removed to Hampshire county, Virginia, and is the great-grandfather of Thomas M. Ile had one son and three daughters by his first wife. His second wife was Miss Chinnith. She had six sons and eight daughters. Levi, son of the first wife, married and emigrated to Kentucky, accumulated large wealth at or near Louisville, and then removed to St. Louis, Missouri, where he became a stock man and pork packer. John, a son of the second wife, married and emigrated to Kentucky. Absalom, another son, moved to Kentucky, died there, and_ his family moved back to Virginia, and thence to Ohio. Aaron, another of the six sons of Levi, emigrated to Fairfield county after his marriage to Miss Peters. Ilis family consisted of four sons, Tunis P., John M., James and b. P. Ashbrook and four daughters. William, another of the six sons of Levi, emigrated to Fairfield county, Ohio. Tle had five sons, 1n order of age as follows: John, Absalom, Mahlon, Samuel, Edward, the father of Thomas M., the subject of this sketch, and from whom these facts are derived, and William. Also three daughters - Minerva, who was married to Benjamin Dunnick; Iva, married to Daniel K. Kellerman; Salicia, married to Benjamin Boman. Thomas, the fifth son of Levi, emigrated to Pickaway county, Ohio, and by his first wile had three sons and two daughters, by his second wife four sons, and in 1854 emigrated to Coles county, Illinois. Eli, the sixth son of Levi, became a preacher in the same church as his father Levi, and is better known as Elder Eli Ashbrook, born in Hampshire county, Virinia, from whence he emigrated to Pickaway county, 1810, then to Fairfeld, and last to Johnstown, Licking county, and died January 24, 1877, aged ninety-six years. Thomas M. Ashbrook was married 1869 to Martha Griffith, of Fairfield county. They have two daughters, Daisy and Minnie. He is a Universalist in religion, and Republican in politics. He has interested himself largely in gathering geneological facts relating to his family ancestry, and to him is due the above record of a large connection, to whom the above facts are entirely new.

Ax inE, Joun D., M.D., Shawnee, Ohio, born January 22, 1842, in Saltillo, Perry county, Ohio, son of Dr. Jonathan and Mary (Fanley) Axline, of German descent. John D. worked ona farm when a boy. In August, 1863, he enlisted in the Ninth O. V. C., and served to the close of the war. He followed the fortunes of Sherman's army in their '' March to the Sea." On his return from the army he entered the Ohio University at Athens. He was graduated at the Medical College of Ohio at Cincinnati, in 1869. His first professional practice was in Muskingum county, and subsequently in Fairfield county, and in Missouri and Illinois. He located in Shawnee in 1874. Dr. Axline was married, February 22, 1871, to Miss Laura E., daughter of Col. William and Mary J. (Smith) Spencer, of English ancestry.

BaiLey, Row anp A., is a son of John Bailey, and was born July 13, 1858, in Jefferson county, Pennsylvania. His mother is Mrs. Ann Bailey, whose maiden name was A ailiers born in England, and who came with her parents to Jefferson county, Pennsylvania, in the year 1843. She was there united in marriage with John Bailey, a lumberman, and is the mother of three sons: Miles, John Thomas, and Rowland A. Bailey ; and two daughters, Mary Matilda, wife of William Kanan,ind Hannah, wife of Marcus King; all of Perry county. The father of these children enlisted in the 211th Pennsylvania Infantry, 2d Brigade, 3d Division, 9th Army Corps, and fell, mortally wounded, on the 2d day-of April, 1865. The children, then young, were placed in the Orphan's School, Dayton, Pennsylvania, and .came back to their widowed mother as they, Sete arrived at the age of sixteen years. The mother, Ann Bailey, followed her parents to Perry county, Ohio, in the year 1872, and immediately took charge of her sick mother, who needed the care of an affectionate daughter for five years prior to her death, in 1877. After this event her father made a deed to Ann for. the ninety acres on which she resides, near Somerset. Her son, Rowland A., now in the twenty-fourth year of his age, lives with his mother and cultivates this beautiful homestead, which has become, not only a monument to the gratitude of her father, but, also. to her heroic attention to a sick mother during a protracted illness, a reward she deserved but was not expecting.

Bai.uig, Joun ; foreman XX (Double-ex) Mines, Shawnee, Ohio ; was born, March 1, 1847, in Newarthill, Scotland ; son of William and Mary (McMurdo) Baillie. When about nine years of age John went into the mines of Scotland, where he remained until he came to America, in the spring of 1869, and located on the Allegheny River, near Cal- laning, Pennsylvania, where he remained about one year, then located at Pine Run, on the Monongahela River, Pennsylvania, and remained there until he came to Shawnee, in the spring of 1872. Here he has been quite successful, having, in connection with the family, w good, pleasant home. Mr. Baillie was elected a member of the School Board in 1879, and served two years as clerk, and is at present treasurer of said board.

BaiLuig, JAMES L.; merchant, Shawnee, Ohio; was born, December 15, 1848, in Newarthill, Lanarkshire, Scotland ; son of William and Mary (McMurdo) Baillie. Mr. Baillie was taken to Wishaw at the age of two years, where he made his home until he was twenty years of age, and was engaged as a miner until 1869, when he emigrated to America, landing in New York, where he was detained one week on account of a registered letter not being booked ; from there he went to Calley, Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, and mined coal three years, from whence he came to Shawnee, Ohio, when it was in its infancy, and the mines had just been opened, where he was employed as a miner in the XX Furnace mine, and turned the first room in Hill No. 3, in which mine he has been employed nearly all of the time to the present. Mr. Baillie spent six months in mining in Kansas, in the winter of 1876 and 1877, and again returned to Shawnee, Ohio. In October, 1880, he went to New York city and completed a course in phrenology with Fowler & Wells, and obtained a diploma as a phrenologist. In partnership with Mr. William Davy, he purchased the general merchandise store of P. V. Adamson, February 15, 1882, where they keep a general merchandise store on Main street. Mr. Baillie was married, February 16, 1882, to Annie, daughter of Samuel and Jane (Sanderson) Murdock, formerly of England, and residents of this place at this time.

Baity, ARCHIBLE ; carpenter ; Shawnee, Ohio; was born, July 14, 1851, in Muskingum county, Ohio; son of Archibald and Melvina (Shirek) Baily. Mr. Baily lived upon a farm until he was fourteen years of age, when he was employed upon a steamboat and running coal barges on the Muskingum River until he was twenty-four years of age, when he came to Shawnee and engaged at carpentering, and with which he divided his time with boating up to the time of his marriage, September 10, 1878, to Mary, daughter of John and Martha (Llyatt) Smith, of McConnellsville, Ohio. They are the parents of three children, viz.: Edward, Harry, and Walter. Since his marriage he has made his home in this place, and his business'that of a contractor in house carpentering up to the present.

Barr, EMANUEL; farmer ; post-office, Chalfants ; born, in 1812, in Fairfield county ; is a son of Joseph Bair, who emigrated to Ohio, from Pennsylvania, in 1800, with his father. His father owned four hundred acres of the Van Metre prairie. He remembers the Van Metres well, often heard his mother say they were kind neighbors. Grandfather and Grandmother Bair were both buried in the then Van Metre graveyard. The land was divided among three children, among whom was a Mrs. Lantz, John, and Joseph, the father of Emanuel Bair and John Bair, of Perry. In the hard times following the war of 1812 Joseph broke up, and finally, in 1827, moved his family to Hopewell, Perry. Mother

Bair, about this time, received one thousand dollars from her paternal home in the East. Her name was Sherick. Her funds were put in land, section 28, where Joseph died, in his sixty-seventh vear, and his widow only a few vears ago in her eighty-second year, and was known as the most lovable of her age and sex. Her other children were, Jacob, who died very wealthy, near Edgewood, Illinois; John, farmer, post-office, Somerset, and Joseph, who deceased young. Emanuel was married, 1844, to Miss Comfort Chalfant, who lived as his wife only six years, departing this life in 1850. Her children are, Jasper C., present husband of Miss Mary Ramsey, daughter of Ellet; Eliza, deceased wife of Emanuel Spangler, and who left an infant son; also one child that died in infancy, so that no child but Jasper C. (post-office, Chalfants) now remains alive. Emanuel Bair started in life as an apprentice to the hatter trade, in Somerset, and, at the end of five years' service, he savs it was fortunate for him that silk hats came into fashion and compelled him to quit the trade, and to break up some very bad habits of gambling and drinking and keeping late hours. When vet only twenty years of age he began the life ofga farmer, and succeeded from the start. He rented land, worked about, and saved his earnings. Fight vears thus spent gave him some capital. He, therefore, bought eighty acres in Wood county, Ohio, in 1840, for $250, and exchanged this land for land in section 22, Hopewell, at a valuation of $500, a few weeks later. Sixteen vears later he bought the Cowen tarm at $3.400, and eleven years later sold it for $6,y0o. The next purchase was the Parks farm, section 35, one hundred and sixty acres, at $4.000. which, in one year after, he sold for $5.200. The next was in sections 13 and 24, where he now lives, two hundred acres tor $1,200 The next was the Snyder farm, section 11, one hundred and sixty acres, tor which he exchanged eighty acres in Effingham county, Illinois, that cost him $800, and was put in at $1.600, with $1,900 cash. Jasper C., his son, also bought ninety acres, near the home farm, and exchanged one hundred and twenty acres in Indiana for one hundred and sixty acres in Hopewell, allowing a cash difference of $800, and lending $1.600, secured on the Indiana land. Thieves and robbers got the idea that Mr. Bair had lots of money, and that, one night, three masked villains, among them the famous Blackburn, laid siege to his castle, got some money, and were themselves all sent to the penitentiary. for it was no use to try to get away from a Bair, with such a grip and so much vigilance. His head measures 223 inches in circumference: his weight has varied from 140 to 165 pounds, and his height is 5 teet g inches. His head is round, rather than long, showing a fine intellectual lobe, with immense development of acquisitiveness and cognate faculties. His health has been uniformly good.

Barrp, JAMEs T. ; farmer and stock dealer ; was born, February 15, 1841, in Perry county ; has lived on a farm all his life, and has been in the stock business ever since fifteen years of age. In 1847 his father moved to Hocking county, and lived there until the spring of 1869, then returned to Perry county, and settled where what is now called New Straitsville. which had scarcely been thought of at that time. He sold his property there to Moss & Marshal, proprietors of the Bessie Furnace. which is situated upon said property: came to Junction City in

1877, and has since resided there. Was married, November 27, 1867, to Miss Sarah A., daughter of Frederick and Mary A. (Lyle) Wion; are the parents of seven children, viz.: Dora, Mary F., Julia A.. Frederick, Minnie M., William A., and Roy J. ; - Baker, DanieL, the voungest of the four sons of John Baker, was born August 24, 1824, on the '*Binckley Farm.' next the county line. His mother's maiden name was [Elizabeth Wingard, her first husband being Jacob Binckley, to whom she was married at the age of sixteen, She lived in the city of Washington, on the opposite side of the same street occupied by the ''father of his country,' whose face was, therefore, familiar to her youthful gaze. From the best data at hand, she was bern the same date that gave birth to American liberty. This venerable lady departed this life in 1867, over ninety years of age, the survivor of two honored husbands. The date of her arrival and that of her husband, Jacob Binckley, is not at hand, but this much is remembered: they took shelter in a fence corner, covered with bark, until better quarters could be provided; wolves howled around their tent at night; she grated corn for bread, and regarded the breast of the wild turkey a good substitute for the staff of life; which facts would indicate an early date of settlement. From her home in Perry county she rode on horseback to Washington city, to visit her relatives, an undertaking which, at this day, would not only be received as proot of great physical endurance and heroism, but of strong affection for friends. By her first husband she had three sons and three daughters, and by her second husband, John Baker, she was the mother of four sons and two daughters. Iler sons were Jacob, Jonas, Samuel and Daniel Baker ; her daughters were Catharine, former wife of William Combs, and Susan, wife of Isaiah Hampson. John Baker, when he became her second husband, was not rich, for his property is described as consisting of one gun which, when on his shoulder, carried the handkerchief which contained his clothing. Ile had no money, but possessed a brave heart, a strong arm, a good constitution, and an industry and economy which, in twenty-five years after his marriage, and at the date of his death, in his fifty-third year, left over four hundred acres of the best lands, to be - divided among six children; this was done wisely, b partition, among the four brothers, two of the brothers making the division, and the other two making choice, while all agreed to pay the cash to their sisters which they and their husbands agreed was right in amount and time of payment. Hundreds of dollars were thus saved to the heirs, which, in almost all other estates, distributed without will, are squandered in costs, charges, fees, plots, and final ill-will and litigation. Danicl, the youngest son, was married to Miss Sarah Iv. Franks, a native of Pennsylvania and daughter of the late venerable Rezin Franks, of Thorn township, November 20, 1845. Mrs. Baker's mother carried her, when an infant, on horseback, from Pennsylvania to Perry county, in the year 1825. Her grandfather, Peter Waltzer, presented the farm on which Rezin Ryans died, to the wife of that worthy gentleman and the mother of Sarah E., his daughter. Peter Waltzer presented each of his other daughters a like quantity of Jand, and to his only son, Peter Jr., the home farm in Pennsylvania, which he sold and followed his sisters to Perry county. The children of Daniel Baker are: Susan, wife of.R. M. Barr, residing in Somerset; Katharine, wife of Brezilius Arnold, a farmer and stock dealer, near Oblong, Crawford county, Illinois: Rezin F. Baker, a druggist, in Thornville, Ohio; Martha. wife of Robert Edmond Kerr, a dry goods merchant, of West Rushville, Fairfield county, Ohio; D. Wingard Baker, William E. Baker, and J. Hunton Baker, younger sons, at home. The Bakers are of German descent. Daniel is now one of the foremost farmers of his county, and has,added to the one hundred and twenty-one acres obtained by partition, and at first incumbered with one thousand dollars due_his sisters, one hundred and fifty acres. of SCORE lands, and accumulated an estate estimated at twenty-five thousand dollars in value. _ He was elected County Commissioner twice, and township trustee fifteen consecutive years, filling these stations with honor and ability, at one time assuming a personal responsibility amounting to five thousand dollars, on behalf of his township, and stopping at no obstacle in the way of his public trust as an officer. 3 BAKER, SAMUEL, was born 1818, in Reading township, where he still resides. He is a brother of Daniel, just alluded to in the foregoing sketch. Samuel was married December, 1842, to Miss Elizabeth Jane Eyman, daughter of the late Henry Eyman, a prominent citizen of Fairfield county. Their children are - G. H. Baker, husband of Almeda, daughter of the venerable David Spece, who occupies the Binckley homestead of his grandmother, famous for its fertility and the beauty of its landscape; William J. Baker, husband of Mary, daughter of William Love, of Perry county; Elizabeth Katharine, wife of William Miller; and Jacob A. Baker, single, and at home. Samuel Baker began his married life with the ninety-six acres he chose from his father's patrimony, but also encumbered, like the shares of his brothers, with one thousand dollars due to his sisters, and the maintenance of his mother, who resided with him to the period of her death. That one thousand dollars debt was paid from the sale of corn at twenty cents per bushel, and three-year old cattle, at eight dollars per head, as his brothers had cause to remember. After the death of his brother Jonas, 1851, Samuel began that career of financial success which added four hundred and twenty acres to his ninety-six acre homestead, and raised his taxes from eight dollars to two hundred and forty a year, and superadded a road tax of twenty dollars-per annum in a district free from town, city, or corporation taxes. He is an unbending Democrat in politics, liberal, and, like his brother Daniel, unsectarian in his religious views. No family of brothers ever divided an estate more peaceably among themselves, and lived on terms more agreeable the balance of their lives. Bai, WiiiiaAM, miller, Rendville, Ohio, was born January 5, 1845, in Deerfield township, Morgan county, Ohio; son of James and Adaline (Bradley) Ball. William was brought up on a farm, and enlisted Jnne 27, 1864, in the First Ohio eavy Artillery. Was engaged in several conflicts in the Army of the Cumberland, and served until the close of the late war. Mr. Ball was married in 1867 to Miss Caroline, daughter of George Wolf, then of Junction City. Mr. Ball's father was a resident of Morgan county for fifty years. BarkER, WiILu1aAM, farmer and stock raiser, p. O. New Lexington,

Perry county, Ohio. Born in New York in 1803, came to this state in 1809; son of John and Mary (Chamberlain) Barker, grandson of Samuel and Mary (Fithen) Barker, grandson of John and Sophiah (Mulford) Chamberlain, married in 1829 to Miss Barbara Strait? daughter of William and Sophiah (Imel) Strait. They are the parents of seven children, viz.: John H., Sophia (deceased), Samuel (deceased), Mary, Elizabeth, two not named (deceased).

+ Barker, Joun, farmer, P. O. Rehoboth, Clayton township, Perry county, Ohio. Bornin New York in 1808, came to this county with his parents in 1809; son of John and Mary (Chamberlain) Barker. Married in 1830 to Miss Nancy Goodin, daughter of Colonel Samuel and Jane (Skinner) Goodin. They are the parents of five children, viz.: Jane (deceased), David C. (deceased), Rebecca, Mary A., Ellen. Mr. Barker filled the office of Infirmary Director for six years.

BarkKER, JouHN H., farmer; postoffice, New Lexington, Clayton township, Perry county. Born in this county in 1830; son of William and Barbara (Strait) Barker; grand-son of John and Mary (Chamberlain) Barker; grand-son of William and Sophiah (Imel) Strait; married, in 1857, to Miss Jemima Randolph, who died in 1857; married again, in 1859, to Miss Maria Shaw, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Rinehart) Shaw. They are the parents of seven children, viz.: Caroline M.; Harriet E.; Sarah E., deceased; W.T.S.; James M.; Perry D., and Asbery F. Mr. Barker was elected School Director of Clayton township in 1867, and has continued to serve in that capacity till the present date. Mr.'T. R. Shaw, a brother-in-law of Mr. Barker's, enlisted in the late war in 1861, in Company K, 62d O. V.1., where he made a good record for himself, serving his country till the close of the war, in 1865. :

Barr, R. M., attorney; postoffice, Somerset, Reading township. Born December 7, 1845, in Fairfield county. At the age of twenty he finished a collegiate course at Athens, and began the study of law. Fle continued ten months, when sickness compelled him to abandon law, being unable to do anything for eighteen months. He then gave up the study of law and went to farming. He continued farming and taught the home school in the winter until 1876, when he again began the law. He removed to Somerset in 1877, and was admitted to the bar January 29, 1879. He practices in all the courts of record in the State, and has a large and growing practice. Mr. Barr was married October 16, 1867, to Miss Susan E. Baker, daughter of Daniel Baker, ex-Commissioner of Perry county. She was born March 23, 1848, in this county. They are the parents of four children, viz.:, Sarah_M.; Anna L.; Daniel M., and Mamie.

Barnes, WEAVER, farmer ; born, 1812, in Maryland; only son of Weaver Barnes, deceased, in Maryland. His mother was Phebe Jolly, who was also the mother of Millie Barnes, wife of the late Jacob Petty ; and of Susan Barnes, wife of the late Stephen Vanatta ; and also of Priscilla Martin, (by a former husband), who became the wife of Asa Dennison, who, about the year 1817, with his wife and her two half-sisters, came to Perry county. One year later, Phebe, the mother of Weaver, who was then the wife of Ezekiel Lewis, a Revolutionary soldier, determined to come on horseback from Virginia to see her daughters, and placing her son, then only six years old, on the horse behind her, she encountered all the perils of such a journey and arrived safely. Few mothers have ever shown a stronger affection for her children. She returned to her home in Virginia, and about ten years later, after the death of Mr. Lewis, she emigrated to Perry county, where she lived until her decease, in 1855, aged seventy-six years. Mr. Barnes was married, in 1837, to Christena, only daughter of Aaron Vanatta, and only sister of the late John Vanatta. The children of this union were: Aaron, Priscilla, John, Jacob, Nathaniel, Cyrus, Ezekiel, Mary, Catharine and Louisa, who, whena child, lost her life by falling into a well. In 1863, he was married to Mrs.Catharine Ruff, formerly Miss Durrh. Their children by this marriage are: Weaver, Julia Ann, Charlotte and Elizabeth. There are but few citizens who can boast of a household so numerous, and who, from a destitute orphanage, has not only reared a large family, but contributed to the support of the church and the State, and who began with $2.25 of taxes, and has increased his valuation to a tax of $50 per annum, while his doors stood wide open to welcome his numerous friends with a generous hospitality.

BARRETT, JAMES, collier, Shawnee, Ohio, was born March 2, 1825, in Westport, county Mayo, Ireland ; son of Richard and Ann (McMannus) Barrett. Mr. Barrett was raised a farmer, and followed agricultural pursuits until he was fifteen or sixteen years of age, when he went to Worcestershire, England, where he remained employed at whatever offered until he was twenty-five years of age, when he emigrated to America, landing at New Orleans, where he remained five or six months, and then was employed on a steamboat, plying on the Mississippi River, for about fifteen months, after which he went to Louisville, Kentucky, where he remained until 1856, employed at different kinds of work. From the latter place he came to Cincinnati, Ohio, and thence to Zanesville, where he remained about three years, employed on the railroad most of the time. Next he moved to Roseville, where he lived about twelve years, engaged at mining, from which place he came to Perry county, and lived about one year at Bristol Tunnel, and then came to Shawnee, where he still lives and is engaged as a miner. Mr. Barrett was married April 9, 1852, to Mary, daughter of Michael and Ann (O'Brien) Nockton, of Preston, Lancastershire, England, where they were married. They are the parents of nine children, viz.: Richard, Patrick, James, John, Walter, Frances, Anna V., Mary, and Elizabeth, living, and five deceased, viz.: Ellen, Michael, and three died in infancy.

Bastian, Puiuip, agent for the Cz, M. V. R. R. and Adams Express Co., New Lexington, Ohio; was born October 10, 1814. in Hatten, France; son of Philip Henry and Magdalena (Fridle) Bastian. They, with their family, came to America in the year 1828, landing at Baltimore, Maryland, and located in Perry township, Muskingum county, seven miles east of Zanesville, where Philip kept store, and was postmaster about eight years. From this place he removed his business to Uniontown, nine miles west of Zanesville, where he remained about one year, and came to this place, about the year 1851, and continued merchandizing until 1859, when he took his present position, being the first and only agent of the C., M. V. R. R. at this place. During the late war he was sutler of the 114th Regiment O. V. 1. Mr. Bastian was first married to Miss Frances Ermin, who died, without children, in about three years after marriage. He was married the second time to Miss Mary Anne Schurtz, born February 22, 1816, in Muskingum county, Ohio, daughter of Captain Samuel and*Mary Anne (Stoner) Schurtz. Samuel Schurtz died March 14, 1860, aged seventy-four years and eleven days. Mr. and Mrs. Bastian are the parents of seven children, viz.: Mary, married to James H. Rice; Frances, (now deceased), married to Henry Foey; Laura, married to EF. T. Webster ; Annettie, married to Attorney Joseph G. Huffman; Maggie, married to Dr. Albert McLaughlin; Rosie, and Emma. k