Wayne Township (part 1 of 2)

Geology

The region now known by this name, once formed a part of the red man's domain. Some branch or subdivision of the once great Shawnee Nation, perhaps, built "old town," on the east

Among the evidences of earlier inhabitants having roamed over this country, are mounds, some, evidently, built by Indians, and others by that peculiar race, called "mound-builders." One of this latter class is found in the town of Duncan's Falls. It is about thirty feet in diameter, on top, sloping gently down the sides, and has an elevation of about ten feet above the surrounding surface. Another of this class, and about the same size, is found half a mile north of this ; and still another, of about the same dimensions, is found on section nine. To the eastward of this mound, nearly half a mile, is a circular formation, about fifty feet in diameter, having a ditch nearly six feet deep, on the inside. There is a doorway at the east part of this structure, with a mound just inside this passage-way, and, on the embankment surrounding the mound, large forest ti-ees are growing, indicating that the structure was made when no trees were in that locality, as these trees are larger than those in the surrounding forests. There are other and smaller mounds, recognized as such as Indians erect for burial-places.

The township, as now recognized, was not named and bounded for a quarter of a century after the first settler had reared his cabin in the wilderness known onlj' to native denizens. And, doubtless, he who suggested the name was thinking of "the eternal fitness of things," for Anthony Wayne was not alone a valiant soldierofficer - he was a moral hero. While clinging to his sword, as a means of safety, he was disposed to invite his antagonist to join in a council of peace, and, while the enemies of civilization feared "Mad Anthony," they respected him for his steadfastness and integrity. These traits, as every schoolboy knows, were the secrets of his success. Hence, the propriety of naming a new settlement after him, perpetuating the memory of his life lessons and emulating his example.

It was a beautiful spring morning, in 1802, when James Findley found the spot that becatne his home. Lured by the beauty so lavishly displayed on every hill and vale, and regaled by the balmy odors of rarest flora, is the thought fondly cherished by his descendants. Mingled with a discordant note uttered by beasts of prey, whose near approach made it sometimes necessary to la}' down the ax for the rifle, and sometimes ponder the guttural accents of the Indian ; and, years after, he would say : site on which he built his cabin home, when surveyed, was found to be on section thirty-two, town twelve, range thirteen, as now known in Wayne township. His former occupation was that of a weaver, and, in after years, he served his neighbors in that capacity - for they wore home-made clothing.

In the fall of 1803, when the forests were clad in their changeful beauty, Abraham Mercer came, from Virginia, and settled the question as to where his Paradise should be, by locating on section six, in the northeast part of the township, where his descendants reside to this day. His near neighbor, on the same section, was Caleb Dunn, from Sussex county. New Jersey, who settled here in 1804. Following him, came Lewis Karns, settling on land adjoining Dunn on the west.

In 1805, Nicholas Border, from Virginia, settled on the south half of section one, town twelve, range thirteen. He had a large family, and was quite an acquisition to the new settlement.

About this' time, Lemuel Josephs found his way into this region, and settled on section ten. His son, Nathaniel, subsequently, occupied the old homestead many years.

The western part of this township was settled bj' Germans, among whom were Bowman, Glossman, Corbin, Brookover, Pringle, DefFenbaugh, Swope, Heim, Toll, Christ, Delenbeck, Hoosan, Hemmer, Huffman, Lehman, Alter, Amburst, Soller, Albraith, and Haas. The characteristics of these people are national, and, as they are not given to historic records, are content to repeat the lives of their ancestors, in simplicitv and industry ; and whoever would attempt anything like personal reminiscences concerning them, must needs sojourn among them, as did Diederick Knickerbocker, of old, amongst the New Yorkers - and, perhaps, reap a similar reward in fame and ducats. This we have not done, but sought the prominent facts in their uneventful past, with what tradition has saved from oblivion.

The next event of public interest occurred March 6th, 1826, when '.'a petition was presented, signed by a number of citizens of Zanesville and Salt Creek townships, setting forth that they labor under many difficulties and disadvantages in consequence of the distance they have to go to elections, and praying that a township maj;- be struck off from part of Zanes\ille and Salt Creek townships ; and the Commissioners, believing the same necessary for the convenience of the inhabitants and township officers, do hereby order a new township, to be struck off, according to the following boundaries :

"Beginning at the northeast corner of section six, township twelve, range thirteen, on what is known as the "Military or Base line;"' thence west to a point where said Military line intersects the corporation of the city of Zanesville ; thence south to the southwest corner of section seven, township twelve, range thirteen ; thence west to the Muskingum river ; thence down said river, with the meanderings thereof, to the southwest corner of section thirty-two, township twelve, range thirteen ; thence east to the southeast corner of said section thirty-two ; thence north to the northeast corner of section twenty-nine, township twelve, range thirteen ; thence west to the northwest corner of said section twenty-nine ; thence north to the place of beginning," and, according to the language used in the Commissionei's' journal, "which shall constitute a new township, to be called Wayne township."

"Also, ordered that an election be held at the house of Joseph Dixon, on Mondajr, the third day of April, 1826, to elect a sufficient number of officers for said township according to law, of which three notices were issued, and given to George W. Gibbons, for publication.

Topographically . - Few townships in this part of Ohio have a more pleasing variety in appearance, or a more varied and excellent adaptation to agriculture, horticulture, and vegetable gardening. The surface is undulating, with a clay soil on the uplands, and the extensive bottom lands in the vicinity of streams, composed of rich sandy loam, invite the market gardener to them as a paradise for producing most appetizing vegetables, which many have extensively engaged in.

Wheat, corn, oats, rye, buckwheat, clover and timothy are grown with success in many parts of the township, and seldom fail for lack of moisture, as the region is well watered.

The largest stream, traversing" a considerable part of the township, is Salt Creek, which courses in a southeasterly direction and empties into the Muskingum river. This creek has several tributaries that rise in the central portion of the township, flowing eastwardly into it. "Indian Run" is the largest and most southerly. There are numerous smaller streams in the western part that empty into the Muskingum river. "Flat Run" rises in the north, courses through sections three, four and eight, and runs southward, and through section fifteen into the river.

Coal of good bituminous quality, is found in layers ranging from three to six feet thick, in several localities. In the northwestern portion of the township, a variety of coal known in this region as "White ash," about three feet in the layer, is found, and is regarded by many as very superior coal.

The first road surveyed through this township was from Zanesville to McConnelsville, along the river, prior to the organization of Wayne township.

In pursuing the historic narrative, we have found the chronological order of events to serve the reader best, and hence, to begin at the beginning, the migration from Marietta to this region in quest of salt, reveals the singular fact that, notwithstanding this region was visited by that party in 1796, the first white man settled in this township in 1802, probably on account of fear of the Indians, which was dispelled soon after the establishment of the Trading Post at Zanesville had been felt as a civilizing power.

Salt Works

The earliest account of salt making is introduced in this wise: The early settlers in the vicinity of Marietta suffered great inconvenience from want of salt, and it was not until they were informed by a man who had been a prisoner among the Indians in the Muskingum Valley, being released, came back some time in August, 1795, informed the white people that salt was to be found in the valley, whereupon a party started out to explore for the salt water, and after being absent about a week, returned with about a gallon of salt, made by themselves, in a camp kettle. Accordingly, in 1796, a company was formed, composed of fifty shareholders, who paid one dollar and fifty cents each, which sum enabled them to send to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, for twenty-four kettles for making salt. They were bi^ought by water to Duncan's Falls, and from there were conveyed on pack horses seven miles up Salt Creek to the springs they had found. They dug a well near the edge of the creek, down to the rock which formed the bed of the stream, and having cut a hollow sycamore tree, placed it in the well and embedded it on the rock bottom. The salt water soon came in copiously, when they obtained it by the old method of a sweep. The kettles . being set up, twelve in a row, the work of boiling and making salt began. The kettles were housed b}- building a cabin over them. The company divided into classes of five men each, and kept the fires up day and night. Those who were ndt at the well kettles were engaged in cutting and hauling wood. Thej' succeeded in making about one hiindred pounds of dark colored salt of inferior qualitj-, which, owing to their need, -was considered very acceptable. The cost of producing this salt, estimating the outlay of money and time, was more than anticipated, so that after continued experiments during four years, the salt was found to cost three dollars per bushel, and the company dissolved.

The next effort was made in 1820, by Moses Ayers, who erected salt works near Duncan's Falls. He was measureably successful, although, the works were abandoned atler a few years.

Fairview M. E. Chui4Ch

The first society of this denomination, in this township, was formed at the house of Lemuel Joseph, about the year 1807. The members were Lemuel Joseph, Ceha Joseph, Andrew Mercer, Mary Mercer, Margaret Watts, John Mercer and Elizabeth Mercer.

The society continued to meet at the house of Lemuel Joseph until about 1822, when a hewed log house, 36x30, was built ; they worshiped in this house until 1846, when it burned down ; the society then built a brick church, 48x38, at a cost

The first Sabbath School was organized at the school house (now known as District No. 2) about the year 1828, and had fifteen scholars in regular attendance.

The foregoing records point to Lemuel Joseph as the leader and patron, and it accords with the wishes of those who hold his memory in grateful remembrance to state, albeit briefly, the prominent events in his life. He was born in Sussex county, New Jersey, in 1769, and in the course of human events yielded to the Goddess of Love, Miss Celia Smith, whom he married in Monongahela county, Virginia, and moved to this section in 1806, settling on a part of Section 10, T. 12, R. 13. He lived a life of industry and Christian purity as a pioneer in the Church he espoused, and died June 5th, 1830, aged sixtyone years. His son, Nathan, who was born here in 1807, is no doubt the oldest citizen of the township, and notwithstanding his ease "of circumstances, manifests the inherited trait of industry, b}' working on his fai-m, and has, like his father* attained an enviable influence in the church and community. He has served the church as Circuit Steward for twenty years consecutively, and as a class leader thirty-five years, and as Superintendent of Sunday School a great many years.

There are others, of those days, who shared the trials of early settlement, we have no doubt, who might, with propriety, find a place in this record, but our gleaner, Colonel A. M. Huston, has not been able to acertain their names, and the incidents connected with them, to justifiy the effort at this time.

The First School House

The first school house was erected on Brookover's farm (section 9). This was not far fi-om 1812; and like most buildings of that epoch, was built of round logs, with puncheon floor, clap-board roof, with a large fire-place in one ; the lower part of the chimney, including the fire place, was built of stone, and the upper part of logs and sticks laid in clay, and daubed in the inside with the same material. The boys of the school cut the wood, and generally managed to cut and haul it on Saturdays, when they made the occasion one of frolic.

The furniture of school houses in those days was in keeping with the building, the benches and writing-desks being small trees split, hewed, and legs according to the height demanded ; the desks were generally attached to the wall, holes being bored in the logs, pegs driven in, and puncheons placed on them, affording a substantial desk for their purposes. The windows were made by leaving out, or cutting out, a log, and pasting greased paper over the space thus left. The first teacher is supposed to have been William Harrick ; the next was John Ramey . About 1820, a school was taught by Thomas. Thornburgh, in a house similar to that described above, located on the Scott farm. Since that date school houses and teachers have multiplied and kept pace with the advances of the age. There are three first-class new frame school houses, one in District number one, one in District number three, and one in District number eight. The others serve the purpose well, but are not quite so modern. The township is divided into eight common school Districts, and the schools are controlled by a board of managers, termed a Board of Education, and a Board of Directors in each District, organized under the State laws. The schools are kept during nine months of the year.

The first ground set apart for such use was given by Lemuel Joseph, and contained about half an acre, situated on the farm afterwards owned by Nathan Joseph (section ten) ; it was a family and neighborhood cemetery. Abraham Bell was the first person buried there, as appears from the year date on his tombstone, which is 1812.

A cemetery was located on the farm now owned by John Miller, in lot ten on the river tier, for family and neighborhood use. This place was donated, for the purpose, by Moses Ayers, about 1820. A burial ground, containing about two acres, near the village of Duncan's Falls, was set apart and donated by James Taylor, in 1825, and has recently been used more than the others.

The first Justice of the Peace, in what is now Wayne township, was Mathias Spangler, who is known to have served in that capacity in 1812 ; but we have found no record of his election or appointment. His son, Mathias Washington Spangler, was a Justice of the Peace in 1835, and many years after. The Spanglers settJed on lands afterwards owned by the Deffinbaughs, in section eight.

The first post route was along the river road, from Zanesville to McConnelsville, started between 1820 and 1825. The postofliice was located at Byers & Wolf's store, near the mouth of Salt Creek.

The first mail carrier was James Larrison, who carried the mail through the township before, a postoffice was established in the township. The first stage route was over the same route, in 1835, and was owned by a Mr. Hildebrand.

In 1838, Dugan and Bowen built a grist mill at Duncan's Falls. This mill is four stories high, and runs eight pair of buhrs. The entire structure, when finished, cost about seventy-five thousand dollars. It is now owned b}' John Miller, and does a good business.

The First Store

Between 1820 and 1825, Messrs. Byers and Wolf had a store, near the mouth of Salt Creek, and as usual, in pioneer times, kept a little of everything.

Brick Kilns

The attempt will not be made to show the state of mechanics in manufacturing implements for husbandry then, for the nomadic character of the pioneer was such, that when he settled for life, it was altogether likely he would be remote from the places where best instruments could be had. It is well, however, to say, that, those were the daj'^s of wooden mould-boards for plows, and tree tops for harrows, and foi'ked sticks for hay forks. These wei-e improvised as occasion and opportunity enabled them, and according to the ingenuity and handicraft of the worker.

The " patent plow," with cast iron mould board, share and coulter, was not introduced to the farmer, in this region, until about 1825 ; this was known as the Woods patent, and it was some years later that harrow teeth and fork prongs were made of iron. The blacksmith was counted a skilled workman who could make these, and they were regarded as a luxury, many continuing to use the primitive implements.

Duncaiv His Home, Habits, Death, Cave, Gun

The following recital appeared in the "Times," of Zanesville, over the //cwi, " History," and being found to accord with the gleanings of the writer of these pages, is gi\en with this reminder : that before the Trading Post was inaugurated, in 1794, this adventurous spirit had found his way into the Moose-kingdom, and arhong the red men, whom he knew only roamed where animals, valuable for food and furs, especially the latter, were to be found. His braverjr was worthy a nobler fate :

"About the year 1790, there came from Virginia a man by the name of Duncan, whose occupation was to hunt wild game, either with a gun or, traps. He was a man who desired to be secluded and alone, and to be permittted to carry out this plan he came to the vicinit}'^ of the falls of the Muskingum river, nine miles below Zanesville, before that locality was inhabited by any white people. The Indians had one or two villages near by, and for a time Duncan carried on a little trade or barter with them, and was friendly. This continued for, perhaps, four years, when he discovered his traps had been meddled with, and some of his game stolen. This so eni"aged him that he resolved to watch and see, if possible, who the guilty party was, when he discovered an Indian taking game from his traps. Whereupon he shot the thief. He continued to watch for same months, and made it a point to shoot all Indians who meddled with his rights. He found it necessary to keep himself concealed from them. They were enraged, and sought an opportunity to capture him. On some occasions, when they shot him with their arrows, they did not seem to injure him. They began to conclude he was greater than ordinary human beings.

"Duncan's place of abode was unknown to them, and when, sometimes, they saw him on one side of the river, and again on the other side, they watched to see how he crossed, and could find neithfer skiff or boat. This was a great mysteiy, and baffled them for a long time. Finally, thej^ discovered he crossed the river on the falls with a stout long pole, and his manner of crossing was to skip from rock to rock with the aid of the pole, or lay it down from one rock to another, whei"e the water was deep, and walk over ; then move the pole, and so get across. This he did generally in the night season. On the fatal night, two parties of the bravest Indian warriors Ijang in ambush watching for him, saw him, equipped with his gun and pole, leap lightly from rock to I'ock till he approached the main channel. Here he placed his pole, one end on each side of the channel, and had passed half way over, when a volley from the Indians struck him, and he fell dead in the middle of the river. Next day his body was found about one-half mile below, on a gravelly ripple. This point was given the name of " Dead Man's Ripple," from the fact that the dead body of Duncan was found on it, and the falls of the river at that place were called - Duncan's Falls,' because it was there that Duncan fell.

"After the death of Duncan his habitation was discovered to be a cave, or dug-out, where he retired for rest and concealment from the Indians. This was situated about one-half mile below the falls of the river, on the west side, and is now on an island between the Falls and the canal. Some j-ears after the country in that locality was inhabited by the white people, a gun was found, plowed up near where Duncan's cave was. This was afterwards bi'ought to Mr. Brelsford, a gunsmith now residing in the Ninth Ward of Zanesville, who cut the barrel off to make it shorter, and took from it a load of powder that had perhaps been put there by Mr. Duncan. The stoek of the gun was worthless, but the barrel being good, Mr. Brelsford cleaned it up and put it on a new stock. The gun is now owned by Col. Z. M. Chandler, of the Ninth Ward, who, no doubt,

Duncan's falls. This place, for a time, had a legendary and more than ordinary interest imparted to it by the -tragic fate of the man whose name its bears - Duncan, the intrepid hunter. When the twilight shades gathered o'er the cabin home, the grandsire hoary was wont to tell of his mysterious character and sad end. AH that is probably authentic concerning him, however, has been given in another place, by a gleaner. That the same intuitions prompted the hunter to locate here that actuated the red men of the forest, is doubtless true. And when the game had disappeared, the white men who succeeded Duncan found that natural advantages invited them to enterprise. The pioneer of these was James Taylor, who. opened a store at this point, not far from 1825. He was an energetic man, and rrioved first in everj^ practical advance.

The First Blacksmiths

Alanson Holderidge erected his shop and forge '-at the Falls," in 1828, and was followed soon after by Justice Depew, who lit the fire on his forge at the mouth of Salt creek.

This is all we know of these forgers; Whose only record is they were forgers ; And to make a record for these forgers, Might be to slander honest forgers, Who, though they indeed were forgers, Would scorn us as base forgers. And, so we will say they were forgers, And that they were honest forgers !

James Taylor established a ferr}' at the Falls in 1830 ; and the year following, the county built a free bridge. In 1832, or 1833, Mr. Taylor built a dam at the Falls, for the purpose of enticing millers there. In 1835, the State, realizing the importance of a dam at this point, caused the present superior structure to be built. And in 1838, Dugan and Bowen built a very fine four-story flour mill at the Falls, utilizing the water power made by the dam. The mill was supplied with eight pairs of buhrs, and when completed, cost about seventy-five thousand dollars.

The town of Duncan's Falls was laid out by James Taylor, in 1841. The population is about two hundred souls. There are now two general stores and one drug store in the town.

Improved Breeds Of Stock

The Horse. - The first fine blooded horse was known aS "Surprise," introduced by James Taylor, in 1827. Mr. Taylor was so enthused with the value of this horse, that he oflFered to buy all colts got by "Surprise," at the proper age, at twenty dollars each, or requii'e the owner of the dam to pay him that sum for the service of the horse. The horse was very popular with the farmers. He, however, accumulated about one hundred "Surprise" colts.

The Parkinson school house (now District No. i), was built b}^ voluntary subscription, in 1834. At the meeting held for this purpose, John S. Parkinson, Thomas MorHs, George W. Gibbons, were elected School Directors, and instructed to collect and use the money subscribed in building a school house. John S. Parkinson gave one acre of land for the use of the school, and they soon had a neat brick building erected thereon ; this was the first brick school house in the township. This was taken down and a larger one built, in 1862, and in 1875 this was found too small, and a new one was built, a frame, well finished and furnished, and is probably the best kept school in the township.

Religious meetings were held in the Parkinson school house, when the building was finished, and Gilbert Blue, a local preacher of the M. E. Church, living in Zanesville, with Samuel Cox, also a local preacher, held meetings every two weeks. Mr. Blue being a carpenter, made a pulpit, and the first Sunda}' after the completion of the house, preached to a large audience. Mr. Cox preached in turn, and much interest was awakened - sometimes pastors of the various churches, from Zanesville, filled the pulpit.' In 1840, a large congregation, composed of families of different denominations, was in attendance. It was practically a union effort, though not so called. The Parkinsons, Morrises, Corbiris, Harpers, Gibbons, Deffenbaughs, Downerds, McMillins, McGinness, and Willeys, were among the attendants. Rev's. Courtney and Shepherdson held protracted meetings here in 1840 and 1841, resulting in many converts. Rev. Lensebaugh (Lutheran), held meetings during several weeks in i860,' and reported eighty converts. Rev. Hall (of the M. E. Church), held meetings in 1872, with very good results. After the Hammond meetings, in Zanesville, in 1877, meetings were held here, a:ided by the city pastors, with good results.

A Sundaj- school was organized here in 1841, witli the late William Shultz as superintendent. This school has been a success from the start. Of those who helped to form this school, three remain, who have been with it from the beginning, viz. : Joshua Downerd, Samuel McGinness, and Sophia McGinness.

iSySj and a Chi-istian Temperance Union was formed, in which the late Mrs. M. J. Downerd was a zealous leader. The society owes much of its success to her efforts. Meetings are held every two weeks.

Debating Society

This organization was effected in 1836 ; Jacob C. Parkinson was Treasurer, and the following persons were members: Harvey Atkinson, John C. Atkinson, Richard Corbin, George Houstbn, George E. Slocum, Alexander C. Lewis, James M. Lewis, Culbertson M. Hahn, Edward Parkinson, William Parkinson, John Gates, Moses Ennis, John Downerd, Samuel McGinness, John H. Gibbons, Joseph G. Gibbons, Thomas P. Dickerson. The records are in possession of Samuel McGiimess. The society was kept up quite a number of years,.

The Duncan's Falls Baptist Church was organized in Taylorsville, Muskingum County, Ohio, October 17, 1840, by a council of brethren invited from neighboring churches for that purpose, viz. : From Salt Creek, Parley Brown, Archibald Galbraith, and Abel Johnson ; from Zanesville, Thomas Male and Charles Grant; from Zoar Church, William Hamrick, B. Y. Seigfried, and Michael White were also present. The council was organized by appointing Parley Brown,- Moderator, and Abel Johnson, Clerk. The following seventeen brethren and sisters (sixteen of whom had letters of dismission from Salt Creek Church), presented themselves before the council, viz. : George Crane, Henry Sapp, James Crane, Samuel Harper, William Bolman, George Gander, Susan Comstock, Marcv Crane-, Matilda Groves, Sarah Cuberly, Elizabeth Ann Gander, Rebecca Morris, Hannah Armstrong, Catharine Sapp, Elizabeth Bolman, Moses Masters, and Elizabeth Masters, giving their reasons why they believed a Baptist Church should be organized in the vicinity of Taylorsville. These reasons, with their articles of faith, being entirely satisfactory to the council, they were in the ordinary manner recognized as a regular Baptist Church.

At this time the church had no meeting house, but held their meetings a .part of the time in a cooper shop, and at private houses, or wherever a convenient place could be found, but God was with them, and added to their number, from time to time, many precious souls. In the year 1841, the church resolved to make an effort to build a meeting house on the north side of the river, in the then opening village of Duncan's Falls, on a lot afterwards donated by Alvah Buckingham and lady.

The church met in their hew meeting house for worship the first time, on the 9th day of March, 1844. Abel Johnson was the first pastor ; under his labors the church was gathered. The following ministers served the church at different times :

The Duncan's Falls Church has struggled man- .fully ; many times cast down and discouraged, but never in despair, they persevered. The Holy Spirit visited them at different times, with precious revivals of religion, in which many were added to their number. Some noble men have been connected with this church ; men whose piety, liberality and consecrated lives in the cause of Christ endeared them to the church, while living', and now that they are gone to their reward, their memory is embalmed and cherished in the hearts of those who survive them. Among the names of those, were Crane, Gander, Male, Comstock, and many whose names are doubtless in the Book of Life, but of whom no earthly record declares their deeds.

At the church meeting, held April 12th, 1845, the congregation agreed to organize a Sunday School. This was the first Sunday School in Duncan's Falls. The names of the Superintendent, officers, and teachers, do not appear, however.

The Presbyterian Church was erected in the town of Duncan's Falls in 1855. The Sundaj- School attached to this church has an attendance of thirty-five. Plummer Pierce is the Superintendent.

Anchor Lodge, F. and A. M., No. 283, was constituted April 24th, 1856, at Duncan's Falls, Ohio. The charter members were James D. Sturges, J. J. Cassell, Marquis Williamson, R. I. Peach, Fred. Young, Thomas McLees, Joseph Starrett, and P. Doenik.

Among the zealous members of the Order - not excelled in any part of the country for their fidelity to the principles of our beloved Order - it is proper to mention James D. Sturges, the first Master, to whose zeal and contributions, of time and money, the Lodge is indebted, in a great measure, for its existence. After getting the Lodge in good working order, Brother Sturges resigned the place he had filled so acceptably, and was succeeded bj'^ Brother John C. Wilhelm. To these two zealous brothers. Masonry owes much of its strength in this region. No labor was too arduous or too trivial to be pei-formed by either of them. [We tender thanks to J. C. Wilhelm and J. D. Mercer, for the foregoing data.]

Methodist Church

This church was built at the Falls in the summer of 1862. The Sabbath School connected therewith, at this place, numbers thirty-five. Samuel Rutledge is the present Superintendent.

Union Sunday Schools

Some time in 1844, a Union Sabbath School was organized in the Parkinson school house, District number one, with about sixty scholars in average attendance. The present average attendance is about the same, and the Superintendent is James McBride.

September ist, 1878, a Union Sabbath School was organized in the Story school house. District number three, with sixty-five scholars. I. T. Vest was the first Superintendent. The average attendance now is Seventy-five scholars, and R. H. Galligher is Superintendent.

Literary

A literary society was organized at the Story school house. District number three, in 1878, at which time G. W. Lawhead was elected President, J. T. Story was chosen Secretary, and R. H. Galligher, Treasurer.

The society had a membership of about thirty. They continue in the cause, and hold meetings every week. They vary the exercises between discussions and readings, and the result of their efforts has been very salutary.

The officers are chosen ever}^ three months. This course was adopted in order that a practical knowledge of conducting the meetings in a parliamentary manner might be divided among its members.

Military

The military record for Wayne township, so far as i^elates to the War of 181 2, is somewhat legendary - the papers not being preserved, and the memory of those who still tell stories of the Revolution being somewhat defective.

Mathias Spangler, Jr., Henry Spangler, Jacob Downerd, Jacob Spangler, William Lewis, John Kearns, and George Mercer, were soldiers. Jacob Spangler was a musician, and first a substitute, then a volunteer. J. S. Parkinson was pressed into the service, with his team, and taken to Northwestern Ohio, for service in the army under General Harrison. William Joseph was drafted, and procured a substitute in the person of James Williams.

A light infantry company was formed in this township, in 1840, and R. I. Peach was elected Captain, and Isaac Little, First Lieutenant. Their company musters were generally held in Taylorsville. Then, regimental muster was held at the place afterwards known as Camp Goddard, nearZanesville. Colonel Curtis commanded the regiment. Dr. J. Watkins, of Fultonham,

In The War Of The Rebellion

J. T. Story was the first citizen of this township to enlist in the War of the Rebellion. This was immediately after he heard of the firing on Sumter. . He joined Captain J. C. Hazlett's (Company H) three months' men, and, in October,

1861, he enlisted in Company F, Seventy-eighth O. V. I., and was commissioned Second Lieutenant, and, in December, following, was promoted to the Captaincy.

Charles H. Fox enlisted as a private, in the Third O. V. I. - three months' service - and was appointed Orderly Sergeant of the company ; and was elected Captain of Company E, of the One Hundred and Fifty-ninth O. V. I., May gth, 1864 - one hundred days' service. Thomas Fox enlisted in the First O. V. I., three months' service; re-enlisted, in Company D, Sevent)^- eighth O. V. I., in November, 1861, and re-enlisted as a veteran, in the same i-egiment, in January, 1864.

Joseph Atchison was a private in Companj' H, First O. V. I., three months' service. Henry Smith and W. E. Atwell were in the same company, at the same time ; David Mercer, also, was the first volunteer, from this township, killed. This occurred at the battle of Vienna, Virginia, June 21, 1861.

Joshua Downer (a substitute), of Company E, Seventy-eighth Regiment O, V. I., was elected First-Lieutenant, and had charge of Company C, and then as Captain of Fifth Heavy Artillerv for a year.

George Roll, Second Corporal, One Hundred and Twenty-second Regiment O. V. I., wounded ; Frank Swope, Sixth Corporal, wounded ; William Miller, Seventh Corporal, wounded, and Elisha Peairs, Eighth Corporal, wounded.

Of the members of the One Hundred and Twenty-second Regiment O. V. I., the pi'ivates were: John S. Brenholts, Newton Cochrel, John Donahue (wounded), John Gibbons, Henry Hartman, Harrison Kent, Richard I. Peach (wounded), John Smith, Lycurgus Sites, Peter Trost, Joseph Williamson, Geo. W. Maxler, Charles F. Willey (wounded).

Geological

In section 9, in this township, the blossom of the Alexander coal was seen on the road to Chandlersville. with the usual limestone below it. This limestone contains a few fossils. No good openings were found at this point for the measurement of coal. In section lo, the coal shows a fine development.

The section taken about a mile and a half southeast of Zanesville, in what is called Salt Gum Hollow, is omitted as unimportant. - [Geological Report, 1873, volume i, pp. 331-2.]

Sons Of Temperance Durban Lodge No

This township was settled by some of the most remarkable men of their times ; men who held the destiny of all who have come after them in their grasp. And could, these generations have foreseen the panorama of industry marked out by those hardy pioneers, it would doubtless have almost appalled them, so great were the hardships they overcame.

David Devore, according to some of the oldest inhabitants, came in 1802, while others think it was 1804. He was running a mill on Devore's Run in 1814 ; his house was built of round logs, just east of the present village of Irville. John Thrapp came about the same time, and occupied Devore's cabin with him. Colonel Nathan Fleming came in 1805, and built a cabin on a site now within the boundai-ies of Irville ; he died in this township. John R. Ragor came in 1807 : his first cabin was built on land now owned by Leonard Stump ; he lived and died on the farm he first settled. Leonard Stump came about the same time, and spon after entered one thousand acres of land in the tract known as the "Virr ginia Military Land," and soon after built a cabin, which stood about twenty-five rods east of Cornelius Sidle's residence (in 1880) ; he built a saw mill on Stump's Run, now known as Sidle's Run ; he died here. Solomon Wood came as early as 1807 : he obtained, through his wife, a five hundred acre farm, and built a log cabin on that part that has become the Newark Road, about two miles west of Nashport ; Mr. Wood lived" and died on this farm. Jonathan Wood came prior to 1807, as some think, or not later than that date, and settled on the site occupied by N. F. Claypool's store (in 1880) ; his cabin was built of round logs. He was a surveyor, had a compass and chain, and did some surveying. He died in June, 1824, from a rupture caused by trying to shoulder a heavy bag of wheat. James George, a well known citizen, was with him the night before he died.

When Mr. John Van Voorhis came, in 181 2, he moved Mr. B. into another cabin, that he might occupy the Barrackman house. Mr. B. died in the township. David Vandenbark came as early as 1808, perhaps earlier ; in 1880, he was living on the farm owned by Mrs. David Vandenbark. Hon. Daniel Van Voorhis, living in the surburbs of Nashport, relates that when his father, John Van Voorhis, came into the township (in 1812), he obtained of Mr. Vandenbark, who had a fine young and bearing peach orchard,- a half bushel of peach stones, and planted them on his own place.

John Van Voorhis, a native of Washington county, Pennsylvania, came into this township in 181 1, and bought a three hundred acre tract of land from George Jackson ; this tract was owned, in 1880, by his son, Hon. Daniel Van Voorhis. In 1812, Mr. Van Voorhis brought his family; his cabin stood on what is now the bank of the canal, about twenty-five rods southwest of Nashport. The death of this gentleman occured in *

The onl}^ mound in Liqking township was on this farm, and near the residence of Daniel Van Voorhis. In 1876, Mr. V. planted an evergreen centennial tree upon the summit of this mound. In 181 2, this relic of a vanished race was thicklycovered with forest trees ; some of twenty-four inches in diameter. These disappeared as the years rolled by, and the mound has been dug away in excavating, by Drs. Wheaton and McClellan, without making any important discoveries.

The earliest record found is a portion of a Treasurer's book, dated June 3d, 1813. This year the total tax levy was forty dollars, and Joseph Spencer was paid two dollars and forty cents for collecting this tax, and the Treasurer's percentage for the care and payment of the same was one dollar and eighty-six cents. Commencing with March 7th, 1814, a complete record is kept by Enoch F. Henry, Township Clerk, which is highly creditable to him for neatness and good penmanship. The Township Supervisors, this year, were Solomon Wood, Nathan Fleming, Samuel Guest, and William Thrapp, who, with the Township Clerk, received a joint salary for this year of the munificent sum of fifteen dollars - three dollars each ! In 1815, the township officers were as follows :

The total tax levied this year ( 1815) was sixtyfive dollars. In 1816, the total tax was fittj^ dollars. In 1817, the total township expenses amounted to thirty-four dollars ninety-three and one-half cents. In 1818, the total township expenses amounted to twenty-seven dollars twentytwo and one-half cents.

The organization took place pi'ior to 1806. The boundaries are north by Jackson, south by Hopewell, and east by Muskingum townships, and on the west by Licking county. The territory of which it is composed is known as the ''Virginia Military Land," and is divided into four sections of about four thousand acres each, the township being about five miles square, with an area, according to the Assessor's books, of sixteen thousand one hundred and four acres. The assessed value of the i^eal estate, in 1880, was $491,780, and of chattel property $318,240.

In 1880, the township contained five school districts, with a comfortable frame school house in each ; five churches, two of which were log, and not used ; one public and two private burying grounds ; one water power mill, and the villages of Irville and Nashport.

The surface of the township is generally broken and hilly. The soil on the hills and uplands is rich clay and sand ; on the bottoms, especially along the Licking, a deep sandy loam. The woodlands are fast becoming bare. What remains of the grand old forests comprises white oak, black walnut, poplar, and hickoiy.

The principal stream is the Licking Creek, which enters the township at the center of its western boundary and flows in a zigzag course southeast, and passes the southern boundary about one mile west of the southeast corner. The only improved mill site on this stream in 1880 was that of N. F. Claypool. Stump's Run, a tributary of the Licking, enters the township about one mile west of its northeast corner and flows almost due south for about two and a half miles, then turns west for one mile, passing north of the village of Irville and forming its northern boundary, then turning again south for about one mile, and empties into the Licking on the land owned, in 1880, by M. C. Sidle. Stump's Run has some very good mill sites, none of which at this writing have been improved. The Licking has several other small and nameless tributaries.

The first highway was the old stage road between Zanesville and Columbus. Along this road dashed, at full speed, Neil, Moore & Co.'s four-horse coaches for mail and passengers. Those drivers were all that the word Jehu implies, and yet they were trusted with life and property, and on occasion would prove very serviceable in imparting information ; so that, for the most part, they were looked up to by the traveling public. Important was their station, in their own estimation. They were universally known as "driver," and not ambitious, as 'tis said Cassar was, they served the people and wei'e satisfied with their title. But one of these heroes of the lash has left his name to posterity, and he would have failed to confer that boon had he not married Polly Shepherd ; and so we have the name of "Johnny Wilson."

The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad passes through the southwestern part of the township, which it enters about half a mile south of the center of its western boundary and then runs in a straight line a trifle south of east until it touches Licking Creek at N. F. Claypool's mill, where the only station in the township (Claypool Station) is located. From here the road runs in a southeasterly course, following Licking Creek, and passing out of the township a mile and a half west of its southeast corner.

Charles and John Roberts did much of the early surveying of the township. These gentlemen were professional surveyors, while Mr. Wood was what might be called an amateur, with chain and compass.

Mr. John Fleming had a bearing apple-orchard on his farm, about two and a half miles north of Nashport, between the Ncars 1808 and 1812. This was the first bearing apple-orchard in the township. In 1880, John Fleming owned the land upon which grew these early appletrees.

David Vandenbark had a fine, bearing peachorchard here as earlj' as 181 2. John Van Voorhis obtained from Mr. Vandenbark, in this year, one liair bushel of peach stones, which shows that his young trees were bearing quite abimdantly at this date.

Hewed Log House

Jonathan Wood, in about 1812, built a hewed log addition to his first cabin, in Nashport. All cabins, previous to this time, had been built of round logs.

John Van Voorhis built a brick residence on his farm in 181 7. This was the first brick housein Licking township. Mr. Van Voorhis had the brick made upon his farm.

. The first house of entertainment, or tavern, as it was called, was kept by Jonathan Wood, who built a hewed log addition to his cabin, for this purpose. This wag the first hewed log house in the township, and was built in 1812. Mr. Wood kept tavern here for a number of years, and sold to John Kerr, who built a frame addition, and subsequently sold it to Captain Thomas Nash, the man who laid out the town of Nashport. This tavern was discontinued about 1827.

The Township Records, in book A, mention "Thompson's tavern, on the State road," as early as 1815. This record is not familiar, or, indeed, known at all, to the oldest inhabitant, at this time.

Richard Ayers, who, with Mr. Irvine, laid out Irville,'was also a pioneer tavern-keeper. He was said to have been an extensive patron of his own bar.

Joseph Roberts and Hugh Allison were also pioneer tavern-keepers in Irville. There was nothing remarkable, above the ordinary, in these men, except their aptness to retail farmers' gossip, and the discussion of the political questions that agitated the nation ; which latter was ably done, of course, for these were the solons who could foretell the events that were likely to bring happiness or misery to the people, the secret of which was probably found in the saying :

As they were so far removed from the scenes of party struggle that only the results came to them ; and after things have happened 'tis so much to consider their effects, as every tavernkeeper knows. When the political agitation was it was here, in these "social club rooms," -called taverns, that amusements were planned - horse-races, house-raisings, chopping-bees, quiltings, wool-pickings, corn-huskings, and the like. A rule of the huskings was that when a g'irl found a red ear of corn, all the boys were entitled to kiss her. It is said that when a man's -corn was thought to have but few red ears in it, the girls were known to have one or two with them, and to produce them, on emergency, rather than go without the pleasure of a kiss. Some of the old settlers insist on this being true. It was customary to conclude most of these amusements with a dance, and dancing was dancing in those days.

David Devore, probably, built the first mill in the township ; at least, this appears in book A, page 5, Township Records. The location w^as on the site now occupied by Butter's sawmill. The date of this record is April 20, 1814.

John Sidle had a saw and grist mill in operation, on Licking creek, in 1815. It stood on land that, in 1880, was owned by David Sidle, on the southern boundary of the townghip.- This mill is spoken of as a "corn-cracker." During this "corn-cracker" period, mills had but one run of stone, each, and bolting was done by hand. Some years later, another run of stone was added to the old mill, and it became popular with the farmers in that region.' It was torn down and moved away in 1840. Mr. Sidle's sons and Jacob Allen were dignified with the title of "miller" in their day.

In 1825, Daniel Ward had a sawmill, run by water power, on the Licking. The site on which this mill stood was owned, in 1880, by Mr. C. Sidle. ^

In 1830, Jacob Rhodes built a sawmill and gristmill, on the Licking, about one mile southwest of Nashport. This mill, enlarged and improved, was run, in 1880, by N. F. Claypool - the only mill in Licking township.

As long ago as 1812, the Methodist Episcopal Church made this locality prominent by locating a church and gathering thither the people, to consider their wa5^s and become obedient to the teachings of the Savior. Seeing this, John Irvine and his deaf companion, John Ayers, joined in in the scheme of laying out a town. "He was anxious to draw people together, for sociability," for he had had to substitute a wooden leg for one his mother had given him, and could not perambulate the countr}^ with the freedom of his boyhood. So these two worthies laid out the village of Irville, in 1815.

In the year 1818, Jared Brush brought a small stock of merchandise into Licking township, and opened his store in a hewed log house in Irville. Another accommodation was inaugurated when Nathan Fleming opened his well stocked store in the village of Ii-ville, in 1825. This store is spoken of as "the first regular store" in the township, although Francis Cassaday had offered goods for sale at an earlier date. Cassaday's Ideation is not known now. John Patterson is also spoken of as a store keeper in Irville, "in early times."

In 1832, just after the canal was completed, Daniel Van Voorhis entei-ed the mercantile arena, and "continued to sell goods until 1843," when he retired to his farm. In i860, Mr. Van Voorhis was elected a member of the State Legislature.

And, notwithstanding the increase of accommodations in 1880, enabled the villagers to boast of one store, one tavern, one blacksmith shop and two shoe shops. There are memories of

" The bashful virgin's side-long looks of love, The matron's glance that would those looks reprove; These were thy charms, sweet village ; sports like these, With sweet succession, taught e'en toil to please ; These 'round thy bowers their cheerful influence shed, These, thy charms, but all these charms are fled!"

Irville M. E. Church

This society was organized about 1812, with fifteen members, among whom were Jared Brush and wife, John Bunn and wife, (father and mother of Mrs. Wm. WoUard, still living in Irville), Mr. and Mrs. Jonathan Wood, Daniel Brush and wife, Mrs. Brooks, Mrs. Lemerick and Miss Ann Lowell.

The first church this society erected was a good, substantial frame, built about 1816, by John Bunn, one of the first carpenters in the township. It occupied a part of what was used in 1880 as a burial ground in Irville. The land was given to the society by Jonathan Wood, who also donated much of the timber for its construction. It continued to be used until the time for the erection of the present church, about 1847, when it was removed and used as a cabinet shop, by John Hazlett, in Irville. Some of the preachers in this old church were Samuel Hamilton, James Gilruth, Nathan Raymond, and Rev's. Gilbert, Wolf and Goshom. These pastors may not be named in the order they served, but it is certain they were among the earliest to preach in this meeting house.

The present church in Irville was built about 1847, and cost from $1,000 to $1,200. The seating capacity is about two hundred and twenty-five.

The early pastors in the new church were James Hooper and Samuel Harvey. David Lewis and Rev. Myers followed Hooper and Harvey on the circuit?- When the new church was completed the society had fifty members.

The first Trustees were John Bunn, John Montgomery and Wm, Bodle. The Trustees in 1880, were Wm. Wollard, Robei't Dickey, J. B. Shepperd and Wm. Montgomery.

After the erection of the Methodist Episcopal Church in Nashport, in 1854, ^^^ ^^o churches had the same pastors. In 1880, the society had a membership of forty-five. The preacher's salary, in i88o, was $500.00. The church belongs to the Zanesville District of the Ohio Conference.

About 1818, Mr. Stephen White was engaged in the tanning business. Another of the oldtime tanners was Jacob R. Rose. Both of these men carried on the business in Irville. In 1880, this industry was not represented in the township.

E. Birkholder, later in 1818, also built a shop in Irville. He was a superior workman, being specially excellent at axe making. Some of the old Birkholder axes could be found in Licking township, as late as 1880.

Irville Presbyterian Church

The society worshiping in this church having died out many years ago, and the old members becoming scattered, it has been impossible to glean only a very imperfect sketch of either the church or society.

The building was one of the first frame houses erected in Licking township, and stood within the village of Irville ; hence, its name. It was erected about the year 1815, and was 30x40 feet.

One of the earliest pastors here was Rev. Prescott Smith, who was deeded, by David Vandenbark, a forty acre tract of land, in consideration of this I'everend gentleman agreeing to preach to him (Vadenbark) and his family during their natural lives. The story now is told in the township that soon after Rev. Smith had the deed for this property in his pocket, he received a "call," at a good salary, from another pait of the country, and soon departed, leaving Mr. Vandenbark and family to attend to the salvation of their own souls, while they mourned the loss of one of their choicest forty acre lots.

Another preacher here was a Rev. Mr. Lovitt. For a number of years after the formation of the Irville Methodist Protestant society, in 1829-30, it worshiped in this old frame church. In later years, it was used as a lodge room by the Sons of Temperance, until this organization disbanded, when it was converted into a carpenter shop, and was consumed by fire in 1862. In 1880, there was no Presbyterian organization .in Licking township.

Irville M. E. Sunday School

The first Sunday School established in Irville was held in the First Methodist Church, and was organized as a union school, about 1823, and so conducted for two years, when it became identified with the body in whose church it met. The first superintendent was Jphn Lewis. At an earl)' date Wm. Bodle was also superintendent. In 1880, the school was attended by about forty scholars, that were taught by eight teachers.

Irville Methodist Protestant Church

The organization of this branch of the Methodist Church was made in 1829, by the Rev. Wm. Evans. Some of the first members, as given, from memory by Mr. Thomas Fletcher, of Irville, were Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Boylan, Lenox Shepherd, and wife, Ebenezer Shepherd, and wife, Alexander Vass, and his wife, Charity, all of whom, in 1880, were deceased. From an early period in the church's history, to 1842, the society worshiped in the Irville Presbyterian church, when it erected its own house of wor-

The pastors having served here, are as follows, although they maj^ not be named in the order they served : William and George Evans, Wm. Reeves, James Hubbard, Rev. Heath, Joel Dalby, Rev. Mainard, John M. Darcus, John Wilson, Wm. Baldwin, Wm. Ross, A. R. Brown, Wm. Tipton, Thomas Potter, E. S. Hoagland, S. Gee, O. Warren and Israel Thrapp. All the foregoing served prior to 1853, and about in the order named.

In the year last named, Joel S. Thrapp began his ministry and continued two years, when he was succeeded by E. S. Hoagland, who remained until 1857, during which time he was assisted by Lysander May, and J. Bidison. After the departure of Rev"! Hoagland, J. Bidiso'n officiated for another year, having for his assistant Israel Thrapp. During 1859, Rev. Thrapp continued his ministry, being assisted by A. S. Bidison, who remained until i860, being assisted in the last year of his ministry by E. S. Hoagland, the gentlemen who succeeded Joel S. Thrapp, in 1855. From 1861, to, and including 1863, Wm. J. Holland preached, he being aided by J. Hastings dui-ing 1861. Dviring 1864-65, Jeremiah Bidison was pastor, he being followed in 1866, by John McFarland, in 1867, by Wm. Marshall. From this time to 1880, the pastors have been N. T. Brown, 1868 ; Samuel Lancaster, 1869-70 ; J. P. King, and S. S. Fleming, 1871-72: T. H. Scott, and E. S. Dollison, 1873 ; E. S. Scott, 1874 ; J- B. McCormick 1875 ; J. H. Meek, 1876-77 ; W. A. Sampson, 1878-80.

The church officers in 1880, were : Thomas Fletcher, Class-leader; John Moore, Assistant Class-leader ; C. Sidle, Steward ; D. Sidle, R. Hoopman, C. Sidle, Thomas Fletcher, A. R. Boylan, Trustees. Church membership in 1880, seventy-five.

The Sunday School connected with this church was organized in 1843. In 1880, there were connected with the school about fifty scholars. In the same year it had a library of two hundred volumes. Officers, 1880 : Superirrtendent, Thomas Fletcher ; Assistant, A. Boylan ; Secretary, Frank Woodward ; Librarian, Joseph Fleming. Five teachers.

The first postoffice established in Licking township was called Irville, in which village it was located ; and Jared Brush was the first The office was commissioned in 1818. Jacob T. Fouch was another of the old postmasters.

About 1833, the office was removed to Nashport, where William Ellis acted as postmaster until some time in 1834. The other postmasters at Nashport have been Jesse Keene, James Moore, and N. F. Claypool. who was the incumbent in 1880. At an early day, a weekly mail was received ; but at a later period it was received daily by Neil, Moore & Cornpany's four-house coaches, which continued until the opening of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad through the township.

Masonic

The chartei- of Union Lodge, No. 184, is dated October i8th, 1850. The Charter members were : Thomas Edwards, Abner Wood, William Munhall, A. T. Claypool, Alph. Ball, R. A. Waters, David Sherrard, William Barrick, J. W. Hollister, J. K. Palmer, Jacob Molter and James Moore.

The officers for 1880, were : Jonas Stump, Worthy Master ; Isaac Garrett, Senior Warden ; T. Fletcher, Junior Warden ; D. Crawmer, Treasurer ; T. Varner, Secretary ; H. C. Simpson, Senior Deacon ; W. Jenkins, Junior W. ; E. Curtis, Secretary and Tiler.

The night of meeting, Saturday before full moon, in each month. The annual election, at the regular meeting, in November. Place of meeting, Irville.

The earliest school house in the township was built between 1814 and 1816, and was known as a neighborhood school ; that is, it was built by the joint work of the various settlers, for their mutual accommodation. This house was about twenty rods north of Nashport, and on land now owned by Thomas Devine. It was constructed of round logs, had a "puncheon floor," windows made from greased paper, and an immense open fire-place, the chimney to which was not altogether unlike the gaping crater of a'dried-up volcano. These were the days when the children studied the dog-eared Webster spelling books, and knew well the master's hickory rod, however little they knew their lessons. These, too, were the days when the pedagogue received a certain sum per head from each urchin attending, and "boarded round." This school house stood as late as 1828, but in the meantime had been improved ; that is, glass had supplanted the greased paper, and slab seats trom the nearest saw mill had taken the place of the flattened logs. Here the firist township elections were probably held, and here the good Methodist preacher, "riding the circuit," expounded God's word with much fervor.

One of the earliest teachers in this school house was a Mr. Dougherty. Some of the scholars attending Mr. Dougherty's school were Absolom Wood, Belinda Wood, and John and James Stump, Margaret Stump, and others. These are now nearly all deceased. The living scholars in 1880, were Hon. Daniel Van Voorhis, WilUam and James Stump, and John Wood.

In 1835-36, a hewed log school house was built in Nashport. Daniel Van Voorhis gave the timber for the body of the house, Elias Ellis donated the tree from which the shingles for the roof was made, and John R. Stump made a free contribution of the stone. In addition to these contributions, Leven Coverdale, the contractor, received about ninety dollars cash for erecting the building.

District No. i, about two and one-half miles southwest of Nashport ; District No. 2, in the village of Irville ; District 3, in Nashport; District No. 4, about two and one-half miles due north of Irville ; District No. 5, two and one-fourth miles a little northwest of Nashport.

For the year ending with August 31, 1880, the average daily attendance at the various schools was one hundred and thirty-nine. For the same year, the teachers' salar}' was $1,146 ; incidental expenses, $75.50; total school expenses for the year, $1,221.50.

Canal

The Ohio Canal was completed through Licking township in 1830. It enters at the center of the western boundarj', runs in a general easterly course, until it touches Nashport, where it makes a sharp elbow bend to the north, passing the township's northern limit about three-fourths of a mile west of its center. There is no improved water power upon the canal in the township. The first boat to pass Nashport was the ' "Reindeer," (a pleasure boat built at Newark), on Jul}^ 4, 1830. The "Reindeer" run to Coshocton on this trip, and was there sold. It never returned to Newark. The fii'st regular canal boat to pass through the township was the "Union," of Dover.

Macedonia M. E. Church

This small log meetinghouse was built by the Methodists, about 1835, three miles due south of the village of Irville. The society which has been worshiping here since the erection of the house, was, in December, 1880, engaged in erecting a church edifice in an adjoining township, upon the completion of which, the old church will be demolished. The preachers supplying the Irville and Nashport pulpits, serve this society.

Highland Methodist Episcopal Church

This is a small hewed log meeting house, built about 1840, some two and one-half miles due north of Irville. Being in the same circuit with Nashport and Irville, it had the same preachers the church there had. It has not been regularly used as a place of worship since 1876, and probably never will be again so used. The building, in 1880, was in a bad state of repair.

Nashport was named in honor of Captain Thomas Nash. Was laid out in 1827. The town site embraces forty acres, and was surveyed into streets and lots by the Roberts Brothers. This was the second town platted in this township, and yet we find that in 1880, it contained two stores, two blacksmith shops, one wagon shop, one church (Methodist Episcopal), a good public school building, and a population of about three hundred.

" There, in his noisy mansion, skilled to rule, The village master taught his little school ; A man severe he was, and stern to view, I knew him well, and every truant knew;" -

And in that unpretending building, the boys and girls of 1815 cultivated the mind almost as much as the heart, and laid the foundation for future usefulness. One, Dougherty, was the first teacher, and he was succeeded by Edward Rogers.

Nashport M. E. Church

The formation of this Christian body, took place between the years 1844 and 1847. The exact date cannot be ascertained, for the reason that the early church records have been destroyed. The first services were held in a log school house, then on the lot adjoining the present church. Some of the earliest preachers were David Sherrard, father of U. W. Sherrard, Esq., Charles W. Ruchers, T. R. Ruckle and Jacob Bonham.

Early in 1854, the society resolved to build for itself, a suitable church edifice. With this object in view, a subscription paper was circulated among the townspeople for funds. This paper, being a peculiarlj' worded document, is here reproduced :

Subscription

"For the purpose of erecting a house of public worship in the town of Nashport, Ohio, the undersigned subscribers, agree and promise to pay the sums annexed to their respective names, onehalf by the first of May next, and the remaining half, by the first day of November following. This subscription, is made upon the following conditions : ist. That said house and lot, upon which it is to be erected, be deeded to the Methodist Episcopal Church, according to the usages and discipline, of said church.

"2d. That said house be committed to the care and control of a Board of Trustees, members of and appointed by the proper authority of said M. E. Church, under the following restrictions :

"ist. That said Board of Trustees allow the said M. E. Church to occupy the said house one-half the time for circuit preaching, suiting the arrangement of the circuit of said church.

"2d. Said Board shall also allow the aforesaid, or any other church, to hold prayer or class meetings on any, or every Sabbath, but only upon such hours, as shall not conflict with arrangements hereafter provided for.

"3d. That said board shall allow the full use of said house, one-half the time, to the use of ministers of all other orthodox or evangelical denominations of Christians ; and when not used by other denominations, to allow its use by the denomination to which it is deeded.

"4th. Said Board shall not suffer any denomination holding a protracted or series of meetings, to be interrupted by other denominations, though said denomination should protract said protracted

"5th. That said house be built upon such a site, or lot, as a committee appointed for that purpose may select, said committee to be appointed by the subscribers.

March ist, 1854 - ^"We,the Masonic fraternity, agree to pay the amount annexed below, if said church is put under contract between this and the first day of November, 1854. Irville Lodge, No. 184, F. andA. M., B. N. Claypool, Secretary, $275."

The above document received the names ot seventy-two persons, whose joint subscriptions, including the $275. 00 from the Masons, amounted to $946.50.

The committee appointed to select a site for the church consisted of John Montgomery, William Lynn, and A. Buckingham. The ground chosen was a lot donated for that purpose, by Captain Thomas Nash, the gentleman who laid out Nashport.

The church was built by David Johnson, and is a substantial frame structure, 45x36 feet ; it seats about two hundred, and cost $1,000. 00, and is entirely free from debt. The dedicatory sermon, was preached by the presiding elder, Rev. Joseph M. Tremble. Some of the early members were Alexander Buckingham and wife, Mrs. Jane Van Voorhis, Jesse O. Swisher, Cassie Drone, Mrs. William Lynn, Daniel Lynn. Raymond Bunn and wife, Mrs. Susan Moore and Peter Wier and wife.

This Sunday School is under the control of and auxiliary to the church. Its formation took place about 1855, when Mr. R. C. Dean was Superintendent. In 1880. the average attendance was thirty, with U. W. Sherrard Superintend'ent, assisted by six teachers and officers.

Temperance

No. 24, was instituted November 24th, 1870, with thirty-four charter members, and continued to work until 1878, when it was deemed expedient to disband. In former times, a similar organization, and one of Good Templars, existed in Irville, but no chronicler has noted the workers, and their labors ceased for want of interest in the cause.

A public installation of ofRoers, January ist, 1873, was an occasion of unusual interest. The members, in full regalia, marched through the streets of Nashport, headed by the Frazeysbui'g brass band, to the Methodist Episcopal Church, where the installation ceremonies were performed in the presence of a large concourse of people. January 12th, 1876, a public installation was had in the Lodge room.

The officers at the last election in 1880 were as follows: N. G., N. Yocum ; V. G., W. T. Weakly ; Sec-retary, George B. Baker ; Treasurer, S. George. The meetings are held everj' Saturday evening. The membership in 1880 was thirty-four.

Source changes here: from History of Muskingum County, Ohio, with Illustrations and Biographical Sketches of Prominent Men and Pioneers, by Various, published 1882; 5,557 words in this source stream.

Wayne Township

BUILDERS - THE 'TOWNSHIP AS NOW REUCOGNIZED - '"'MAD ANTHONY" EERS - BOUN}))- ARIES - ELECTION - -TOPOGRAPHY - PRODUCTS - STREAMS - COAL - IRON - FIRST ROAD - SALT 2W M. E. CHURCH - FIRSYT SABBATH SCHOOL- - FIRST SCHOOL HOUSE - CEMETERIES - -FIRST JUSTICE OF THE PEACE - FIRST POST ROUTE - POSTOFFICE - POSTMASTER - MILLS - FIRST STORE - BRICK KILNS - FARM IMPLEMENTS - -DUNCAN, HIS HOME, HABITS, DEATH, CAVE, GUN ULS=4RIRST >} BUACK= SMITHS - FIRST TAVERN - DUNCAN S FALLS LAID OUT - VETERAN PHYSICIAN - -IMPROVED BREEDS. OF STOCK - THE PARKINSON SCHOOL HOUSE - TEMPERANCE WAVE--DEBATING SOCIETY - DUNCAN'S FALLS BAPTIST CHURCH - PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH - ANCHOR LODGE, F. AND A. M., NO. 283 - METHODIST CHURCH - UNION SUNDAY SCHOOLS - LITERARY SOCIETY - MILITARY, IN THE '*WAR OF 712°' - LIGHT INFANTRY COMPANY, IN 1840 - IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION - GEOLOGY.

| | formed a part of the red man's domain. Some branch or subdivision of the once great Shawnee Nation, perhaps, built 'sold town," on the east

Among the evidences of earlier inhabitants having roamed over this country, are mounds, some, evidently, built by Indians, and others by that peculiar race, called "'mound-builders." One of this latter class is found in the town of Duncan's FaJls. It is about thirty feet in diameter, on top, sloping gently down the sides, and has an elevation of about ten feet above the surrounding surface. Another of this class, and about the same.size, is found half a mile north of this; and still another, of about the same dimensions, is found on section nine. To the eastward of this mound, nearly half a mile, is a circular formation, about fifty feet in diameter, having: a ditch nearly six feet deep, on the inside. There is a doorway at the east part of this structure, with a mound just inside this passage-way, and, on the embankment sur rounding the mound, large forest trees are growing, indicating that the structure was made when no 'trees were in that locality, as these trees are larger than those in the surrounding forests. There are other and smaller mounds, recognized as such as Indians erect for burial-places.

The township, as now recognized, was not named and bounded for a quarter of a century after the first settler had reared his cabin in the wilderness known only to native denizens. And, doubtless, he who suggested the name was thinking of *'the eternal fitness of things,' for Anthony Way ne was not alone a valiant soldierofficer - he was a moral hero. While clinging to his sword, as a means of safety, he was disposed to invite his antagonist to join in a council of peace, and, while the enemies of civilization feared ''Mad Anthony," they respected him for his steadfastness and integrity. These traits, as every schoolboy knows, were the secrets of his success. Hence, the propriety of naming a new settlement after him, perpetuating the memory of his life lessons and emulating his example.

It was a beautiful spring morning, in 1802, when James Findley found the spot that became his home. Lured by the beauty so lavishly displayed on every hill and vale, and regaled by the balmy odors of rarest flora, is the thought fondly cherished by his descendants. Mingled with a discordant note uttered by beasts of prey, whose near approach made it sometimes necessary to lay down the ax for the rifle, and sometimes ponder the guttural accents of the Indian ; and, years after, he would say : site on which he built his cabin home, when surveyed, was found to be on section thirty-two, town twelve, range thirteen, as now known in Wayne township. His former occupation was that of a weaver, and, in after years, he served his neighbors in that capacity - for they wore home-made clothing.

In the fall of 1803, when the forests were clad in their changeful beauty, Abraham Mercer came, from Virginia, and settled the question as to where his Paradise should be, by locating on section six, in the northeast part of the township, where his descendants reside to this day. His near neighbor, on the same section, was Caleb Dunn, from Sussex county, New Jersey, who settled here in 1804. Following him, came Lewis Karns, settling on land adjoining Dunn on the west.

In 1805, Nicholas Border, from Virginia, settled on the south half of section one, town twelve, range thirteen. He had a large family, and was

About this time, Lemuel Josephs found his way into this region, and settled on section ten. His son, Nathaniel, subsequently, occupied the old homestead many years.

The western part of this township was settled by Germans, among whom were Bowman, Glossman, Corbin, Brookover, Pringle, Deffenbaugh, Swope, Heim, Toll, Christ, Delenbeck, Hoosan, Hemmer, Huffman, Lehman, Alter, Amburst, Soller, Albraith, and Haas. The characteristics of these people are national, and, as they are not given to historic records, are content to repeat the lives of their ancestors, in simplicity and industry ; and whoever would attempt anything like personal reminiscences concerning them, must needs sojourn among them, as did Diederick Knickerbocker, of old, amongst the New Yorkers - and, perhaps, reap a similar reward in fame and ducats. This we have not done, but sought the prominent facts in their uneventful past, with what tradition has saved from oblivion.

The next event of public interest occurred March 6th, 1826, when ''a petition was presented, signed by a number of citizens of Zanesville-and Salt Creek townships, setting forth that they labor under many difficulties and disadvantages in consequence of the distance they have to go to elections, and praying that a township may be. struck off from part of Zanesville and Salt Creek townships; and the Commissioners, believing the same necessary for the convenience of the inhabitants and township officers, do hereby order anew township, to be struck off, according to the following boundaries :

''Beginning at the northeast corner of section six, township twelve, range thirteen, on what is known as the ''Military or Base line;" thence west to a point where said Military line intersects the corporation of the city of Zanesville: thence south to the southwest corner of section seven, township twelve, range thirteen; thence west to the Muskingum river; thence down said river, with the meanderings thereof, to the southwest corner of section thirty-two, township twelve, range thirteen; thence east to the southeast corner of said section thirty-two ; thence north to the northeast corner of section twenty-nine, township twelve, range thirteen ; thence west to the northwest corner of said section twenty-nine ; thence north to the place of beginning," and, according tothe language used in the Commissioners' journal, ''which shall constitute a new township, to be called Wayne township." .

''Also, ordered that an election be held at the house of Joseph Dixon, on Monday, the third day of April, 1826, to elect a sufficient number of

Topographically. - Few townships in this part of Ohio have a more pleasing variety in appearance, or amore varied and excellent adaptation to agriculture, horticulture, and vegetable gardening. The surface is undulating, with a clay soil on the uplands, and the extensive bottom lands in the vicinity of streams, composed of rich sandy loam, invite the market gardener to them asa paradise for producing most appetizing vegetables, which many have extensively engaged in.

Wheat, corn, oats, rye, buckwheat, clover and timothy are grown with success in many parts of the tewnship, and seldom fail for lack of moisture,

The largest stream, traversing a considerable part of the township, is Salt Creek, which courses in a southeasterly direction and empties into the Muskingum river. This creek has several tributaries that rise in the central portion of the

_township, flowing eastwardly into it. 'Indian Run" is the largest and most southerly. There are numerous smaller streams in the western part that empty into' the Muskingum river. 'Flat Run" rises in the north, courses through sections three, four and eight, and runs southward, and through section fifteen into the river.

- several localities. In the northwestern portion of the township, a variety of coal known in this region as ''White ash," about three feet in the layer, is found, and is regarded by many as very superior coal. ;

The first road surveyed through this township was from Zanesville to McConnelsville, along the river, prior to the organization of Wayne township. ; the reader best, and hence, ta begin at the beginning, the migration from Marietta to this region in quest of salt, reveals the singular fact that, notwithstanding this region was visited by that party in 1796, the first white man settled in this township in 1802, probably on account of fear of the Indians, which was dispelled soon after the establishment of the Trading Post at Zanesville had been felt as a civilizing power.

Salt Works

The earliest account of salt making is introduced inthis wise: The early settlers in the vicinity of Marietta suffered great inconvenience from want of salt, and it was not until they were among the Indians in the Muskingum Valley, being released, came back some time in August, 1795, informed the white people that salt was to be found in the valley, whereupon a party started out to explore for the salt water, and after being absent about a week, returned with about a gallon of salt, made by themselves, in a camp kettle. Accordingly, in 1796, a company was formed, composed of fifty shareholders, who paid one dollar and fifty cents each, which sum enabled them to send to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, for twenty-four kettles for making salt. They were brought by water to Duncan's Falls, and from there were conveyed on pack horses seven miles up Salt 'Creek to the springs they had-found.

down to the rock which formed the bed of the stream, and having cut a hollow sycamore tree, placed it in the well and embedded it on the rock bottom. Thesalt water soon came in copiously, when they obtained it by the old method of.a sweep. The kettles being set up, twelve ina row, the work of boiling and making salt began. The kettles were housed by building a cabin over them. The company divided into classes of five men each, and kept the fires up day and night. Those who were not at the well kettles were.engaged in cutting and hauling wood. They succeeded in making about one hundred pounds of dark colored salt of inferior quality, which, owing to their need, was considered very acceptable. The cost of producing this salt, estimating the outlay of money and time, was more than anticipated, so that after continued experiments during four years, the salt was found to cost three dollars per bushel, and the company dissolved.

The next effort was made in 1820, by Moses Ayers, who erected salt works near Duncan's Falls. He was measureably successful, although the works were abandoned after a few years.

Fairview M. E. Church

The first society of this. denomination, in this. township, was formed at the house of Lemuel Joseph, about the year 1807. The members. were Lemuel Joseph, Celia Joseph, Andrew Mercer, Mary Mercer, Margaret Watts, John Mercer and Elizabeth Mercer.

The society continued to meet at the house of Lemuel Joseph until about 1822, when a hewed log house, 36x30, was built; they worshiped in this house until 1846, when it burned down; the society then built a brick church,48x38, at a cost

The first Sabbath School was organized at the school house (now known as District No. 2) about the year 1828, and had fifteen scholars in regular attendance.

The foregoing records point to Lemuel Joseph as the leader and patron, and it accords with the wishes of those who hold his memory in grateful remembrance to state, albeit briefly, the prominent events in his life. He was born in Sussex county, New Jersey, in 1769, and in the course of human events yielded to the Goddess of Love, Miss Celia Smith, whom he married in Monongahela county, Virginia, and moved to this section in 1806, settling on a part of Section to, T. 12, R. 13. He lived a life of industry and Christian purity as apioneer in the church he espoused, and died June 5th, 1830, aged sixtyone vears. His son, Nathan, who was born here in 1807, is no doubt the oldest citizen of the township, and notwithstanding his ease of circumstances, manifests the inherited trait of industry, by working on his farm, and has, like his father, attained an enviable influence in the church and community. He has served the church as Circuit Steward for twenty years consecutively, and as a class leader thirty-five years, and as Superintendent of ey School a great many years.

There are others, of those days, who shared the trials of early settlement, we have no doubt, who might, with propriety, find a place in this record, but our gleaner, Colonel A. M. Huston, has not been able to acertain their names, and the incidents connected with them, to justifiy the effort at this time.

The First School House

The first school house was erected on Brookover's farm (section g). This was not far from 1812; and like most buildings of that epoch, was built of round logs, with puncheon floor, clap-board roof, with a large fire-place in one end; the lower part of the chimney, including the fire place, was built of stone, and the upper part of logs and sticks laid in clay, and daubed in the inside with the same material. The boys of the school cut the wood, and generally managed to cut and haul it on Saturdays, when they made the occasion one of frolic.

The furniture of school houses in those days was in keeping with the building, the benches and writing-desks being small trees split, hewed, and legs according to the height demanded; the desks were generally attached to the wall, holes being bored in the logs, pegs driven in, and puncheons placed on them, affording a substantial desk for their purposes, The windows were made by leaving out, or cutting out, a log, and pasting greased paper over the space thus left. The first teacher is supposed to have been William Harrick; the next was John Ramey. About 1820, a school was taught by Thomas Thornburgh, in a house similar to that described above, located on the Scott farm. Since that date school houses and teachers have multiplied and kept pace with the advances of the age. There are three first-class new frame school houses, one in District number one, one in District number three, and one in District number eight. The others serve the purpose well, but are not quite so modern. The township is divided into eight common school Districts, and the schools are controlled by a board of managers, termed a Board of Education, and a Board of Directors in each District, organized under the State laws. The schools are kept during nine months of the year.

The first ground set apart for such use was given by Lemuel Joseph, and contained about half an acre, situated on the farm afterwards owned by Nathan Joseph (section ten); it was a family and neighborhood cemetery. Abraham Bell was the first person buried there, as appears from the year date on his tombstone, which is 1812.

A cemetery was located on the farm now owned by John Miller, in lot ten on the river tier, for family and neighborhood use. This place was donated, for the purpose, by Moses Ayers, about 1820. A burial ground, containing about two acres, near the village of Duncan's Falls, was set apart and donated by James Taylor, in 1825, and has recently been used more than the others.

The first Justice of the Peace, in what is now Wayne township, was Mathias Spangler, who is known to have served in that capacity in 1812; but we have found no record of -his election or appointment. His son, Mathias Washington Spangler, was a Justice of the Peace in 1835, and many years after. The Spanglers settled on lands afterwards owned by the Deffinbaughs, in section eight.

The first post route was along the river road, from Zanesville to McConnelsville, started between 1820 and 1825. The postoffice was located at Byers & Wolf's store, near the mouth of Salt Creek.

The first mail carrier was James Larrison, who carried the mail through the township before a postoffice was established in the township. The first stage route was over the same route, in 1835, and was owned by a Mr. Hildebrand.

In 1838, Dugan and Bowen built a grist mill at Duncan's Falls. This mill is four stories high, and runs eight pair of buhrs. The entire structure, when finished, cost about seventy-five thousand dollars. It is now owned by John Miller, and does a good business.

The First Store

Between 1820 and 1825, Messrs. Byers and Wolf had a store, near the mouth of Salt Creek, and as usual, in pioneer times. kept a little of everything.

Brick Kilns The Farm Implements In Ye Olden Time

The attempt will not be made to show the state of mechanics in manufacturing implements for husbandry then, for the nomadic character of the pioneer was such, that when he settled for life, it was altogether likely he would be remote from the places where best instruments could be had. It is well, however, to say, that those were the days of: wooden mould-boards for plows, and tree tops for harrows, and forked sticks for hay forks. These were improvised as occasion and opportunity enabled them, and according to the ingenuity and handicraft of the worker.

that harrow teeth and fork prongs were made of iron. The blacksmith was counted a skilled workman who could make these, and they were regarded as aluxury, many continuing to use the primitive implements.

And Duncan'S Falls

falls of the Muskingum river, nine miles below Zanesville, before that locality was inhabited by any white people. The Indians had one or two villages near by, and for a time Duncan carried ona little trade or barter with them, and was friendly. This continued tor, perhaps, four years, when he discovered his traps had been meddled with, and some of his game stolen. 'This so enraged him that he resolved to watch and see, if possible, who the guilty party was, when he discovered an Indian taking game from his traps. Whereupon he shot the thief. He continued to watch for some months, and made it a point to shoot all Indians who meddled with his rights. He found it necessary to keep himself concealed from them. They were enraged, and sought an opportunity to capture him.: Onsome occasions, when they shot him with their arrows, they did not seem to injurehim. They began to conclude he was greater than ordinary human beings. ''Duncan's place of abode was unknown to them, and when, sometimes, they saw him on one side of the river, and again on the other side, they watched to. see how he crossed, and could find neither skiff or boat. This was a great mystery, and baffled them for a long time. Finally, they discovered he crossed the river on the falls with a stout long pole, and his manner of crossing was to skip from rock to rock with the aid of the pole, or lay it down from one rock to another, where the water was deep, and walk over; then move the pole, and so get across. This he did generally in the night season. On the fatal night, two parties of the bravest Indian warriors lying in ambush watching for him, saw him, equipped with his gun and pole, leap lightly from rock to rock till he approached the main channel. Here he placed his pole, one end on each side of the channel, and had passed half way over, when a volley Gaus the Indians struck found his way into the Moose-kingdom, and among the red men, whom he knew only roamed where. animals, valuable for food and furs, especially the latter, were to be found. His bravery was worthy a nobler fate:

'About the year 1790, there came from Virginia aman by the name of Duncan, whose occupation was to hunt wild game, either with a gun or traps. He was a man who desired to be

This was situated about one-half mile below the falls of the river, on the west side, and is now on an island between the Falls and the canal.

plowed up near where Duncan's cave was. This was afterwards brought to Mr. Brelsford;a gunsmith now residing in the Ninth Ward of Zanesville, who cut the barrel off to make it shorter, and took from it a load of powder that had perhaps been put there by Mr. Duncan. The stock of the gun was worthless, but the barrel being good, Mr. Brelsford cleaned it up and put it on anew stock. The gun isnow owned by Col. Z. M. Chandler, of the Ninth Ward, who, no doubt,

Duncan'S Falls

This place, more than ordinary interest imparted to it by the tragic fate of the man whose name its bears - Duncan, the intrepid hunter. When the twilight shades gathered o'er the cabin home, the grandsire hoary was wont to tell of his mysterious character and sad end. All that is probably authentic concerning him, however, has been given in another place, by a gleaner. That the same intuitions prompted the hunter to locate here that actuated the red men of the forest, is doubtless true. And when the game had disappeared, the white men who succeeded Duncan found that natural advantages invited them to enterprise. The pioneer of these was James Taylor, who opened a store at this point, not far from 1825. He was an energetic.man, and moved first in every practical advance.

The First Blacksmiths

This is all we know of these torgers, Whose only record is they were forgers ; And to make a record for these forgers, Might be to slander honest forgers, Who, though they indeed were forgers, Would seorn us as base forgers, in 1830: and the year following, the county built a free bridge. In 1832. or 1833, 2 Mr. Taylor built adam at the Falls. for the purpose of enticing millers' there. izing the importance of a dam at this point, caused the present superior structure to be built. And in 1838, Dugan and Bowen built a very fine four-story flour mill at the Falls, utilizing the water power made by the dam. supplied with eight pairs of buhrs, and when completed, cost about seventy-five thousand dollars.

Improved Breeds Of Stock

The Horse. - The first tine bideded horse was introduced by James Taylor, in 1827. Mr. Taylor was so enthused with the value of this horse, that he offered to buy all colts got by *'Surprise,"' at the proper age, at twenty dollars each, or require the owner of the dam to pay him that sum for the service of the horse. The horse was very popular with the farmers. He, however, accumulated about one hundred ''Surprise"' colts.

The Parkinson school house (now District No. I), was built by voluntary subscription, in 1834. At the meeting held for this purpose, John S. Parkinson, Thomas Morris, George W. Gibbons, were elected School Directors, and instructed to collect and use the money subscribed in building of land for the use of the school. and they soon had a neat brick building erected thereon; this was the first brick school house in the township. This was taken down and a larger one built, in 1862, and in 1875 this was found too small, and a new one was built, a frame, well finished and furnished, and is probably the best kept school in the township.

Religious meetings were held in the Parkinson school house, when the building was finished, and Gilbert Blue, a local preacher of the M. E. Church, living in Zanesville, with Samuel Cox, also a local preacher, held meetings every two weeks. Mr. Blue being a carpenter, made

Mr. Cox preached inturn, and much interest was awakened - sometimes pastors of the various churches, from Zanesville, filled the pulpit. In 1840, a large congregation, composed of families of different denominations, was in attendance. It was practically a union effort, though not so called. The Parkinsons, Morrises, Corbins, Gibbons, Deffenbaughs, Downerds, McMillins, McGinness, and Willeys, were among the attendants. Revs. Courtney and Shepherdson held protracted meetings here in 1840 and 1841, resulting in many converts. Rev. held meetings during are now two general | f + ' meetings were held here, aided by the city pasflogs. - The first improved breed of hogs was | "remain, who have been with it from the beginthe "Ber kshire,"" in 1833.

A Sunday school was organized here in '1841, with the late William Shultz as superintendent. This school has been a success from the start. Of those who helped to form this school, three

1878, and a Christian Temperance Union was formed, in which the late Mrs. M. J. Downerd was a zealous leader. The society owes much of its success to her efforts. Meetings are held every two weeks.

Debating Society

This organization was effected in 1836; Jacob C. Parkinson was Treasurer, and the following persons were members: . Harvey Atkinson, John C. Atkinson, Richard Corbin, George Houston, George E. Slocum, Alexander C. Lewis, James M. Lewis, Culbertson M. Hahn, Edward Parkinson, William Parkinson, John Gates, Moses Ennis, John Downerd, Samuel McGinness, John H. Gibbons, Joseph -G. Gibbons, Thomas P. Dickerson. The records are in possession of Samuel McGinness. The society was kept up quite a number of years.

The Duncan's Falls Baptist Church was organized in Taylorsville, Muskingum' County, Ohio, October 17, 1840, by a council of brethren invited from neighboring churches for that purpose, viz.: From Salt Creek, Parley Brown, Archibald Galbraith, and Abel Johnson; from Zanesville. Thomas Male and Charles Grant; from Zoar Church, William Hamrick, B. Y. Seigtried, and Michael White were also present. The council was organized by appointing Parley Brown, Moderator, and Abel Johnson, Clerk. The following seventeen brethren and sisters (sixteen of whom had letters of dismission from Salt Creek Church), presented themselves before the council, viz.: George Crane, Henry Sapp, James Crane, Samuel Harper, 'William Bolman, George Gander, Susan Comstock, Marcy Crane, Matilda Groves, Sarah Cuberly, Elizabeth Ann Gander,Rebecca Morris, Hannah Armstrong, Catharine Sapp, Elizabeth Bolman, Moses Masters, and Elizabeth Masters, giving their reasons why they believed a Baptist Church should be organized in the vicinity of Taylorsville. These reasons, with their articles of faith, being entirely satisfactory to the council, they were in the ordinary manner recognized as a regular Baptist Church.