Livingston County, Illinois - Chapter with an unread heading (no. 25 of those read), 1909 (part 6 of 17)

FLANAGAN, William H., joint proprietor of the grain elevator at Flanagan, Livingston County, Ill., and the owner of other valuable property in the vicinity, was born in Nebraska Township, Livingston County, February 16, 1881, a son of Peter and Catherine (O'Connell) Flanagan, full particulars of whose lives are given in a separate narrative in this connection. (William H. Flanagan was reared in Nebraska Township, attending the public schools of Flanagan, and completing his education in St. Viateur's College, at Bourbonnais, Kankakee County. In connection with his brother Chas. P. and his brother-in-law Harry iu, Whalen, as partners, his attention is devoted to the management of considerable farming and city property belonging to them. They own about 1200 acres of land in Livingston County with nearly two-thirds of the city lots of Flanagan besides property in Pontiac.

County, Ill, a daughter of Jerry and Johanna (Doyle) Sullivan. Mrs. Flanagan's father settled in Livingston County at an early date, and, after farming a number of years in the same locality, moved to the village of Cornell, 11., where he spent his last days. His wife is still living at Flanagan.

In political action, Mr. Flanagan is identified with the Democratic party, and is at present serving on the Board of Village Trustees. He and his wife are devout members of the Catholic church. Mr. Flanagan is a young man of much intelligence and force of character, and is diligent, capable and enterprising in the conduct of his various affairs. As a business man he maintains an enviable reputation. He is a member of Chatsworth Council Knights of Columbus, Chatsworth Council. j

FLEISCHHAUER, John. - To the younger generation whose day has come since the comforts brought by easy communication have been available, it is a marvel that all the glory, wealth and comfort has been wrested from the soil here within the lifetime of men who are among us today. That men now living right in Illinois, fought the wild beasts of the wilderness, and fied from the savage Indian over these smiling farms and the sites of cities, where the roar of traffic and the heavy tramp of the iron wheels of factories have so lately drowned the voices of primeval nature, seems incredible. Every year the white-headed band that led the van grows smaller, but yet there are many years to come before the last of them who heard the first scream of the brazen voice of the locomotive which brought wealth and prosperity, will be silenced in the sleep that comes to us all. Livingston County, Ill, has a number of these honored pioneers and among them one who is specially well known is John Fleischhauer, who is one of the State's German-Americans, he having been born in Saxon Weimer, Germany, November. 25, 1838, a son of Gotlieb and Christine (Hochheim) Fleischhauer. The father was a miller by trade, and he and his wife never left their native land. They had eight children. When bnt sixteen, John Fleischhauer came with two brothers to America, landing in New York, from whence they went to Maryland, and remained there for two years. From there he went to Iowa City, but after a short time came to Illinois, and continued as he had been doing, working as a farm laborer, in Sangamon County. After seven years there, he went to Lincoln, Logan County, and farmed for three years. He then bought a farm near Byler, and operated it for twenty-nine years, when he came to his present farm of 160 acres on Section 12, Broughton Township, where he has made his home for the past sixteen years. Mr. Fleischhauer obtained an education in Germany and added to it by close observation after coming to the new country. He can relate many very entertaining incidents of pioneer life. When he came to Livingston County there were not more than half a dozen houses at Dwight. The land was either covered with timber or under water, and conditions appeared discouraging. Mr. Fleischhauer was one of those sturdy men who never allowed anything to discourage him, but worked steadily ahead and now has the satisfaction of knowing that he has not lived his life in vain, but that he has borne well his part in the development of the county and the establishing of his name in this part of the State.

Mr. Fleischhauer was twice married. His first wife was Bendeina Warner of Pontiac. She bore his four children as follows: Emelia Emma, who lives at Union Hill, 111,; Rudolph John, a resident of Aberdeen, S. Dak.; Lasetta and Winnie, both deceased. His second wife was Phoebe Warkley, and by this marriage he had these children: Daniel, a farmer of Alberta, B. C.; William, of South Dakota; Frank, a farmer of Alberta, B. C.; Cora; Edward, who is farming on the homestead; Nettie, seventeen years old; Ray, sixteen; John, who is fourteen; Clarence, twelve; Clifford, nine; and Elmer, seven. The development of fresh agricultural resources in Alberta, B. C., and South Dakota, fired the pioneer spirit in the bosoms of the sons of Mr. Fleishhauer and he encouraged them to make new homes for themselves, believing that is the best for young men. By experience he has proved the advantages of enduring the hardships of pioneer life, for eventually comes the admirable results. The sons are all doing well and are a credit to their father. Mr. Fleischhauer is a Republican in politics, but not an office-seeker. In religious affiliations he is a Lutheran, and is a man of high probity of character, whose long life has been spent in hard work. He is very well known throughout the county, and is recognized as one of the representative men of his time.

FOLEY, Patrick J. (deceased), one of the respected former residents of Broughton Township, Livingston County, and a man who took a deep interest in educational affairs, serving very acceptably as School Director, was a native of Tarrytown, N. Y., where he was born March 6. 1857, and died February 18, 1903. He was a son of Thomas Foley of Waterford, Ireland, and one of a family of four children, being the only son. His parents, upon coming to America, located first in New York, then in LaSalle County, Ill, but when Patrick was eighteen years old he came to Livingston County, where he spent the rest of his life. In 1880 he took up the homestead and brought it to a high state of cultivation through hard work, and in 1890 bought a second farm, and five years later bought a third farm of eighty acres, all in this Township. He is now the owner of 320 acres all in Livingston County.

In 1885 Patrick J. Foley married Bridget Farley of LaSalle County, a daughter of Peter and Thomisenia (O'Brien) Farley. She was one of ten children, five boys and five girls, the boys peing born in New York State and the girls in LaSalle County. Mr. and Mrs. Foley had seven children, only four children living: Mary Jane, born February 14, 1886; Bridget, born September 23, 1887; Joseph Patrick, born July 1, 1890; Thomas, born January 14, 1893; John, born May 15, 1894; Loretta, born May 7, 1897; Francis, born March 23, 1900. All are at home, and are a very promising lot of young people, bright and pleasant. Mr. Foley was a Democrat and took an active part in local politics. The family are Catholics and are connected with Immaculate Conception church, of Emington, Ill.

FORD HARRINGTON, importers of Percheron. Belgian and Shire horses (stallions and mares) and dealers in American bred stallions and mares, Fairbury, Livingston County, Ill. Frank Ford, of this firm, was born at Bourten, Somersetshire, England, May 29, 1850, a son of William H. Ford, also a native of Somersetshire. William H. Ford, who lived and died in his native land, was a farmer and a breeder of draft horses and was a fine judge of Shires, the draft horses of England. He followed farming and the breeding of Shire horses until his death in 1895.

His boyhood and youth were spent in school and in his father's barns and fields, and, under his father's instruction, he became one of the best judges of horses in all that region. In 1868, when eighteen years old, he came to Ravenswood, Canada, where he gave his attention to farming. In 1870 he came to Odell, Livingston County, and engaged with married Miss Lucy Richardson, who was born in Flintshire, England, April 1, 1845, Her parents died when she was but a child. and she later came to America and located in Illinois. About the time of his marriage he bought forty acres of farm land near Odell, Livingston County, and in 1878 rented 320 acres in that vicinity, on which he began breeding and raising Percheron and Shire horses. There he remained until 1881, meeting with such success that during that year he bought 160 acres in the southeast quarter of Odell Township, on which he erected fine barns and other buildings for the breeding and care of horses, He purchased the finest Percherons the Dillon Brothers, of Normal, 111.; and Dunham, Coleman & Fletcher, of Wayne, Ill. Mr. Ford bred and sold horses there until 1893, when he left the farm, still retaining its ownership, and removed to Fairbury to begin his labors there as buyer for the firm of O'Brien & Devine, dealers in big draft horses which they shipped to the largest horse markets in the United States and England. His connection as buyer and salesman with this concern terminated in 1900, when Mr. J. F. O'Brien died. At that time he formed a partnership with Austin Harrington under the firm name of Ford & Harrington, and continued buying and selling market horses and sold for the largest importers of Percheron, Belgian, Shires and Hackneys horses, having such stock for sale at all times. In 1906 Ford & Harrington began importing horses, stallions and mares. In 1907 they established a barn at Parker, S. D., known as the Ford Stock Farm and exclusive importing, the first and only barn located in the Dakotas under the management of George A. Ford, a son of Frank Ford.

George A. Ford was born on his father's farm near Odell, Ill., February 27, 1876, and was educated in district schools, the public school of Odell and in the high school at Fairbury. Under his father's able tuition he had gained a practical and complete knowledge of the horse business, aptitude and inclination for which he had inherited from his English grandfather. No better selection for manager of the barn in South Dakota could have been made. In 1907 the firm established a branch business at Pueblo, Colo., in charge of M. F. Dillon, a son of Isaac Dillon of the firm of Dillon Brothers of Normal, Ill., the home of the old "Louis Napoleon," the first Norman horse imported to America, and wnich established the reputation of the Dillon Brothers as horse-breeders and dealers. As long ago as 1903 Ford & Harrington established a market horse barn at Cambria, Wayne County, Iowa, from which the central western horse market is covered. In 1906 they opened at Cambria, Iowa, a branch sales barn for imported horses, in charge of Curtis Mosher, who was born and reared on a farm near Galesburg, Ill.

Frank Ford is one of the best judges of horses in the Middle West, having bought horses in all the States, and public confidence in his judgment is so well established that any horse bought by him will find a market. He is known in all the great markets in the United States and his services have been sought by leading dealers in all of them, and their value is appreciated in foreign lands which are the homes of big horses. He is a member of all stud books in which the breeds he handles are recorded. His firm buys and sells from four hundred to five hundred horses a year, handling horses that sell for five hundred to thirty-five hundred dollars each, and have a reputation in many States as importing the best sires and sold on easy payments, thereby paying larger dividends than any other investment of like character. Horses handled by Ford & Harrington are heavy bone, deep middles, weighty conformation, sound and of purely natural growth of nature. The firm issues a fine catalogue each year, containing illustrations by the famous artist Lou. Burk. Each and every illustration is an exact reproduction from life of horses of the stock of stallions and mares that are for sale in the year in which the catalogue is published. By such strictly honest methods the firm has established an enviable reputation not only throughout the United States but in foreign countries.

FORNEx, John, Jr., an industrious and worthy farmer, living in his native township, of Pike, Livingston County, Ill., where his birth occurred during the year 1867. His parents, John and Louise (Krof) Forney, were born in France, the former in 1824, and the latter in 1834. John Forney, who followed farming during his business life, was brought from France to Canada when he was ten years of age, and there attended the public schools, remaining in the "Dominion" until he reached the period of middle life. In 1866 he came to the United States, locating in Livingston County, Ill., where he bought a farm of 320 acres in Pike Township. He is still living in the same locality at an advanced age, his good wife having passed away in 1895. John Forney, Jr., obtained a fair common-school education in the district schools of Pike Township, and grew up on the home place. Since attaining maturity he has always been engaged in general farming, and is the owner of forty acres of very desirable land.

Mr. Forney has been twice married, first to Mattie L. Kropf, a native of Pirth County, Canada, a daughter of David and Lena (Lychty) Kropf, to whom he was united July 5, 1892, who bore him one child - Vera L. - and who died May 5, 1894. On January 23, 1904, he was married to Fannie Sears, a daughter of the late Christian and . woebe (Eigsti) Sears, born near Tiskilwa, Ill., where she owns eighty acres of land near the Sears homestead. In politics, Mr. Forney is a supporter of the Republican party and, in religious faith, he and his wife are members of the Mennonite denomination.

FOSTER, Henry A. - Experience proves that the best educated men are those who have had to fight for each educational opportunity. The boy who is given every advantage for acquiring an excellent education does not appreciate his opportunities or take advantage of them as does the boy who can only obtain them through hard work and privations. The pioneer boy of half a century ago had little or no chance to gain more than the most primitive of educations. Schools were very few in number, and poor in quality, and yet the men who have developed from these boys, rank easily among the best informed men of the land.

In 1854, on the second of September, there was born to George B. and Martha (Jones) Foster, a son, Henry A. Foster, in Owego Township, Livingston County, Ill. George Foster was born in Tioga County, N.Y., August 17, 1824, and came to Livingston County in 1838. Martha Jones was born in Indiana February 25, 1834, and came to Owego Township, this same County, in 1846. They were pioneers in Owego Township after their marriage, and their son, Henry A., lived the life of most pioneer boys, working hard on the farm and securing what education lay within his power. For pleasure he went hunting and fishing, and enjoyed himself at both pursuits, although he always bothered because he was not becoming better educated.

At the age of eighteen years, he came to the conclusion that an educated farmer was likely to succeed better than an uneducated one, even if he cared to remain on the farm; and so he bent all his efforts towards securing a teacher's certificate, and, as soon as this was accomplished, began teaching. Every penny was carefully hoarded, so that he might study in higher schools. As soon as he was able, he entered the Northern Indiana Normal, and attended several terms, and once more resumed his teaching to earn more money for his studies, finally finishing after eight years of alternate studying and teaching, in the Lincoln University, at Lincoln, Ill., in 1880,

His first school was a rural one in the country, but at the close of his work at Lincoln, he taught in Reading Township, for one year in Ancona, and then for a period of six years in Pontiac - three years in the grammar grade and three years as Principal of the High School. At the expiration of that period, he thought the matter over carefully and decided that the profession of teaching was the most poorly paid for the money invested in long training, so he accepted a position as special clerk at the Illinois State Reformatory, and wrote up the biennial report of the Superintendent, Finishing this, he resigned in March, 1889, and in April of that year, began establishing the electric plant at Pontiac. In 1890, having firmly established a plant at Pontiac, the work on the plant at Fairbury was begun. Later Forrest was added to Fairbury, and the system developed for the two places is not excelled by any for efficiency. Mr. Foster moved to Pontiac in 1882 to take charge of his school, and in October, 1905, located in Fairbury as his work was there, so it was more convenient for him to live in that city. Since 1903 he has been very active in the work of the Fairbury Central Station, and is thoroughly versed in his work.

Notwithstanding his many business interests, Mr. Foster has always found time for the manifestation of a proper civic spirit, and has always been in the foremost ranks of those who have been active in promoting the welfare of the various communities in which he has lived. A Demoerat, he is a member of the Democratic party because it is the party that advocates a low tariff, and these principles are in accordance with Mr. Foster's own views. From 1890 to 1894 Mr. Foster served as County Superintendent of Schools, being elected on the Democratic ticket. It may not be amiss in this connection to remark that the school work was in a sort of chaotic condition when he was elected County Superintendent - no worse than generally prevailed in other counties, but there was no system. The first work in systematizing was in bringing all the districts to act as a unit in making contracts for books. This was accomplished, with tremendous gain to the people in reduced prices, and inestimable gain to the pupils and teachers in the production of a course of study and system of reports that were models of their kind, and which are still in use, with little, if any, modifications, in both rural and most other schools. In recognition of this work the great Chicago dailies and the professional papers gave favorable and lengthy comment.

found in his appointment as member of the State Reading Circle Board. Largely through his advocacy, the Pupils' Reading Circle and Teachers' Reading Circle were separated, the former being put under the direction of a board chosen by the State Teachers' Association, and the latter under the direction of the State County Superintendents' Association. The result has been a rapid and continuous increase in efficiency of each.

A further recognition of Mr. Foster's work and ability is evidenced by his appointment, in 1890, a member of the Committee which revised the State Course of Study. He could have been the nominee of his party for State Superintendent in 1898, had he so desired; indeed, several counties instructed for him, but he positively refused to allow his name presented to the State Convention.

A fuller history of Mr. Foster's work in this connection will be found in the Educational Department. He was a member of the Board of Education of Pontiac from 1899 to 1902, and fraternally he is a member of the I. O. O. F., the K. of P., M. W. A. and several other societies and orders, and is popular in all. His religious affiliations are with the Methodist Church.

On September 1, 1892, Mr. Foster was married at Braidwood, Ill., to Ada M. Peart, born at Wilmington, Ill., December 6, 1864, Two children were born to them: George Peart, born June 23, 1896; and Henry Hamilton, born September 19, 1900.

Too much cannot be said relative to Mr. Foster's work, both as an educator and business man. Through him three towns of Livingston County have been equipped with fine lighting and power plants, and he has been, as well, one of the progressive, public-spirited men, always eager to advance the community and to bring about much needed reforms.

FOX, Henry (deceased). - In the death of Henry Fox September 3, 1906, Livingston County lost a man of exemplary life and strong character, whose general aims and ambitions were noble and worthy of emulation. Mr. Fox represented a type as well as an individual - the type of German-American who, while retaining profound loyalty towards the mother country, yet has enough and to spare for the needs and demands of their larger adopted land. Mr. Fox contributed largely and substantially to the upbuilding of Dwight, was its Mayor for three terms and was also Village Trustee for seyeral terms. He had the abilities and inclinations which best fit in with successful tilling of the soil, but his breadth of mind required and responded to outside diversions and activities. and he found great satisfaction in the friendship and interchange of ideas which came to him as a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and Masons, in both of which organizations he attained high rank.

Sophia (Maeeken) Fox, the latter of whom died when her son was ten years old. Daniel Fox was a merchant by occupation in Germany, and there died about 1862. In his mercantile establishment his son was thoroughly grounded in the details of the business, and when the latter landed in America at the age of twenty-one years, he was well equipped for this necessary calling. In Milwaukee, Wis., he found a position with the wholesale house of Goll Frank, and later went to Mt. Pulaski, Logan County, Ill., where he worked in a mercantile establishment. He afterwards engaged in business for himself at Mt, Pulaski until the breaking out of the Civil War, when, in April, 1861, he enlisted in Company E, Seventh Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, for three months. Upon the expiration of his service he took a trip back to Germany, and after returning, enlisted in Company K, Twentysixth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, in October, 1861. Elevated to the rank of captain for meritorious service, he resigned from the service in February, 1862, and in August, 1862, enlisted in Company H, One Hundred Sixth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, serving until May, 1863, when he was transferred to Captain in the Fiftyninth U. S, A. Infantry. He received his honorable discharge January 31, 1866. Mr. Fox ran the gamut of practically all of the experiences which befall the soldier who emerges alive, several times being injured, the most serious resulting from his horse falling and crushing his ankle, He was a brave and intrepid captain, and was greatly beloved by his subordinates in the ranks, For exceptional bravery in protecting bridges from being burned by the Confederates, in December, 1863, Captain Fox was given a medal of honor by Congress in 1898.

After the war, Mr. Fox engaged in the lumber business until 1870, in Logan County, Ill, and during that year turned his attention to farming, which he followed until] 1874. He then came to Dwight and took charge of 12,000 acres of land for Mr. William Scully, the celebrated English landholder, which was located in Grundy, Will and Livingston Counties, and it was in performance of this large responsibility that he was occupied up to the close of his life, Always conscientious and painstaking. and unselfishly giving his best efforts to any interest which engaged his attention, he gradually undermined his health by overwork, and his latter years were a sacrifice to a multiplicity of duties. It was, perhaps, in his family that the fine and considerate traits of Mr. Fox were most noticeable, and he was sincerely devoted to his fireside, preferring it to all outside attractions. He was twice married, first in 1857, to Magdalena Mayer, a native of Mt. Pulaski, Ill., and who became the mother of eight children: Frederick W., who died in 1898, having had two children, a son and daughter, the-former of whom is a member of the United States Navy, on the steamship Washington; Frederick W., who married Amy Pumpelly June. 1884; Henry, a resident of Nelson, Neb., who married Alberta Corbet, and has two chil- dren; Anna, wife of B. W. Showalter, of Davenport, Neb., and has four children; Lydia, a public school teacher of Dwight; Louis, a traveling salesman of Kansas City, Mo., married Laura Goelitzer, and has three children; Susan, an art teacher in Dwight, whose china painting is especially worthy of mention; Pauline, and Daniel. The mother of this family died in October, 1879, and in October, 1880, Mr. Fox was united in marriage to Harriet Chamberlin, born in Salina, near Syracuse, N. Y., a daughter of William and Nancy (Jackson) Chamberlin, from Vermont and New York, respectively. The Chamberlin family originated in Vermont, where Moses Chamberlain was a soldier in the Revolution, under General Washington. Simon Chamberlin, the grandfather of Mrs. Fox, was a Colonel during the Mexican War.

William Chamberlin, Mrs. Fox's father, enlisted in December, 1862, in Company A, One Hundred Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteer Infantry, and was discharged in July, 1863, on account of disability. On his return home he engaged in farming, in which occupation he continued until his death, January 2. 1876, his wife having passed away September 28, 1878. Mr. Chamberlin was a Republican. Mrs. Fox's paternal grandparents, Simon S. and Nancy (Barstow) Chamberlin, were natives of Vermont and New York, respectively, and her maternal grandparents, Alexander and Polly (Hyde) were natives of New York State. Since her husband's death, Mrs. Fox, with the assistance of her stepson, Daniel, has assumed her husband's responsibility as manager of the large landed estate, and has proved herself an excellent business woman,

Henry Fox was a member of Livingston Lodge, No. 371, A. F. A. M., of Dwight; of Wilmington Chapter, No. 142, R. A. M.; and of Streator Council. R. S. M.; and Blaney Commandery, No. 5, K, T., of Morris, Ill. He held the office of Master of his Lodge. and held all the offices in the I. O. O. F., belonging to Dwight Lodge, No, 513, and Dwight Encampment No. 126, of which fraternity he was member No. 48. In the Subordinate Lodge he served as Noble Grand, and as Past Chief Patriarch in the Encampment. He was also an honored member and Past Commander of Dwight Post, No. 626, G. A. R., and a member of the military order of the Loyal Legion. Politically, he was a stanch Republican, although in local elections he was inclined to act independently. :

Daniel Fox, who inherits much of his father's capacity for many-sided usefulness, maintained the family prestige for military service during the Spanish-American War, enlisting in April, 1898, in Company A, Third Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and serving until his honorable discharge, December 11, 1898. During this time the was located in Porto Rico. On January 27, 1904, Mr. Fox was united in marriage to Mary Sparks, grade horses, is regarded as one of the leading citizens of his locality. Mr. Francis was born in Brown County, Ohio, August 1, 1848, a son of John and Margaret (Ross) Francis, respectively natives of Ireland and Ohio. Jobn Francis was brought to the United States by his parents when five years of age, the latter settling in Ohio. He moved to Illinois in 1860, locating in Forrest Township, Livingston County, and his death occurred in the village of Forrest in 1898. His widow, who is now ninety-four years old, makes her home with the subject of this sketch. They reared a family of five sons and two daughters, all of whom are still living, Albert Francis was brought up on his father's farm, receiving his education in the common schools of Ohio and Illinois. Farming has always been his occupation, and his agricultural operations have yielded him a snug competency.

In July. 1883, Mr. Francis was united in marriage with Cynthia E. Earnhart, born in Fairbury, Ill., December 25, 1856, Five children have blessed their union, and all are at home. The political connection of Mr. Francis is with the Republican party, and for several years he has served the public as School Trustee. He and his excellent wife are earnest workers in the Methodist church, and the latter was a member of the School Board when the present high school building in Forrest was erected.

FREEMAN, William R., one of the prominent and prosperous farmer-citizens of Indian Grove Township, is living on a fine property on Section 18, upon which have been erected a good farm dwelling, a substantial barn and all other buildings appertaining to the conduct of a first-class farm. The fields are conveniently laid out for the cultivation of grain and for pasturage, the fences are substantially built and kept in good repair, and the entire property is fully equipped with the most modern machinery. In other words, Mr. Freeman is a model farmer and his property is one that compares favorably with the yery best in the county. Mr. Freeman was born in Schuylkill Haven, Schuylkill County, Pa., June 10, 1854, is a son of John and Esther ( Heffner) Freeman, both natives of Pennsylvania.

The history of the Freeman family is a sad one, for it was one day bereft of its kind father through a dastardly crime. John Freeman was known to be a man of means, and while running his canal boat through from Schuylkill Haven to Philadelphia, he was murdered, his skull being crushed and his body thrown into the river. This was all the more terrible, in that his family knew nothing of his death until his body was found. He had left home full of life, kissing his little ones goodbye, as was his custom, for he was a tender father and devoted husband. In his religious life he set an example many would do well to follow, for he was a devout member of the Methodist church and followed the teachings of his creed in business as well as private life. After his untimely end his fortune was lost and his little ones forced to depend upon their own resources. The children born to himself and wife were: John Henry of Omaha, Neb.; David D. in partnership with William R., of whom mention is made further on in this sketch; Sarah, deceased - wife of George Deibert; Rebeccah, wife of Rev. J. H. Tobias of Kansas City, Kan.; Katie, wife of Albert L. McKnight, of Newton, Kan, The mother of William R. Freeman married for her second husband William Cramer and, in 1859, the family moved to Pickaway County, Ohio. When but seven years of age, William R. Freeman was bound out to work for his board and clothing, and received none too large measure of either. In 1869 he came to Illinois, locating at Washington where he went to work in a chair factory, and during the time he was thus employed he tried to improve upon his meager education by working out in his head various problems in arithmetic; and so well did he succeed in cultivating his aptitude for figures, that he is now an expert at mental arithmetic and never thinks of using pencil and paper to work out any problem that presents itself. He also attended night school, eagerly gleaning every scrap of knowledge that came his way. doing this oftentimes when his little body was so weary with toil that he had difficulty in keeping awake. The result is that, today, he is a well informed man who remembers everything he has learned. After two years in the chair factory, he began learning the carpenter trade and continued at it five years, or until the winter of 1876. During the panic of 1873 he worked on the railroad at his trade, and turned over to his mother five dollars each week out of his wages.

After his marriage in 1877, he and his brother David rented 160 acres near Chenoa, McLean County, and began farming. In order to secure enough money to commence housekeeping, William R. was forced to borrow $100 and, for ten years, he paid ten percent interest upon it, but in 1887 he cleared off his debt; in 1879 the brothers removed to another farm in McLean County, where they remained until 1885, when they rented 312 acres on Sections 18 and 19, Indian Grove Township. This land was all under water, but the brothers immediately began draining it, and now have it all under cultivation. When the ponds were drained hundreds of fish were left stranded. The land was very rich and is exceedingly productive, so that they have made an immense success of their farming. Through their industry and thrift the brothers have overcome adversity and are now men of means. In 1902 they each bought 160 acres in Vermilion County, Ill., postoffice Rankin. The land is well improved and although they bought it for $85 per acre, they have refused $125 per acre for it. Mr. Freeman is able to retire and looks forward to doing so soon, anticipating a home in Fairbury.

William R. Freeman and his brother David are united by very close ties. Not only are they brothers and partners, but they married sisters, Mary and Matilda Wright, on February 1, 1877. Mrs. William R. Freeman was Matilda Wright. The Wright family came from Kentucky and settled in Tazewell County, Ill. David

+reeman and wife, Mary, have had five children: Nettie, who married Joseph Garber, a farmer of McLean County; Lulie, who married Lemuel Watts, a farmer of Yates Township, McLean County; Ada, who married Roy Watts, a resident of Indian Grove Township; Harley, at home, and Harry who died at the age of nine from the effects of a fall from a horse.

When fifteen years of age William R. Freeman connected himself with the Evangelical church of Washington, but while in McLean County he united with the Methodist church and held his membership until the fall of 1905, when he was transferred by card to the Methodist church of Fairbury. He was one of the Trustees of the Weston church in McLean County for two years, and for twenty-three years has been a teacher in the Sunday School. He has always been a temperate man and is greatly interested in the antisaloon fight. Mr. Freeman is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, Camp No. 6, at Fairbury. A Republican in politics, he has always been active in the councils of his party and in April, 1908, was prominent in the great Local Option campaign of that period. This brief biography clearly proves that Mr. Freeman has always been on the side of law and order. and has lent his assistance to all measures tending to the uplifting of the general moral tone of his community, as well as its advancement in material prosperity.

FREY, Frederick. - The farmer of today is one of the most independent of business men, for upon him and his crops depends the welfare of the country. The day is long past when the farmer merely occupied and cultivated his land for shelter and food. . He now carries on his farming operations scientifically and according to a well-defined method, and his wife and children enjoy every advantage he can procure for them. Frederick Frey, on Section 22, Waldo Township, Livingston County, is one of the German-Americans who make such good citizens. He was born in Wurtemburg, Germany, December 24, 1860, and there attended school from the age of six years - when the law requires parents to send children to school - until 1868. The family then emigrated to America, and his education was interrupted. He is a son of Andrew and Magdalena (Frey) Frey. Although bearing the same name and born in the same locality, Mr. and Mrs. Frey bore no blood relationship to each other. The parents were married May 28, 1839, in their native land, and there all their children were born. They were as follows: Matthew, born February 23, 1840; Mary, born February 20, 1842; George, born December 16, 1844; Christina, now the widow of Frederick Stuft, born March 29, 1850, residing in New York City; Rosa, born in 1851, died June 27, 1852.

Of this family, Matthew, who died May 25, 1905. was the first to come to America in 1856, and was followed in 1858 by Mary, now the widow of David Drissler who resides in New York City. Matthew located first at Reading, Pa., but later came west to Peoria. George and

Matthew came to Livingston County from Peoria and bought 160 acres of land on Section 22, from the Minois Central Railroad, paying $9 per acre forit. On July 17, 1868, he died. The father passed away on May 31, 1884, his widow survived him until September 12, 1888, when she too passed away. The family came to Livingston County and settled on George's farm. where the mother took charge of the little home the son had made in the new country.

Frderick Frey grew to manhood in Livingston County, and helped on the home farm. In 1874 he went to Brooklyn, N. Y., and worked at the butcher business conducted by his brother-in-law, David Drissler. In 1878 his father sent for him to come and take charge of the farm, and from then on he has been a farmer, He now owns 180 acres of as good land as can be found in the Township, and it yields him an excellent income through his good management and economical methods. When he bought his land there was a small house on it, 16x20 feet, and this he enlarged and made many improvements upon the property.

On June 11, 1891, Mr. Frey was married to Miss Henrietta Warrings, also a native of Germany, a daughter of Behrend Warrings, a resident of Clara City, Minn. Mr. and Mrs. Frey have children as follows: Mamie, born September 12, 1892; Nettie, born August 24, 1894; Alice, born February 14, 1895; Fred, born November 19, 1898; Lenora, born March 24, 1904. Fraternally Mr. Frey is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, Camp 1859. In politics he is a Republican and is very active in party affairs. For fifteen years he has been a member of the Republican County Central Committee, and in the Spring of 1908 was elected Supervisor of the Township. He is also School or Township Treasurer, and has filled all the Township offices. In 1904 Mr. Frey with several progressive farmers, organized the Gridley Farmers Elevator Company, of which he was elected President, and has since held that office. This company has eighty stockholders, and aims to handle the product of the farmers at highest market prices. The elevators have a capacity of 60,000 bushels. Mr. Frey has also been a Director in the Eppards Point Insurance Association since its organization in 1886. There have been few measures looking toward the advancement of the community before the public that have not received the hearty support of Mr. Frey, for he is a public-spirited and far-seeing man who realizes that to improve the general welfare of the community is to advance the material interests of all the people of that locality. The beautiful home of the Freys is the centre of complete domestic felicity, and a most delightful hospitality is shown towards all who enter its doors. There are few homes where the visitor is made to feel he is so welcome, as he is in that presided over by Mr. and Mrs, Frey.

and stock-raisers in his section of the county, was born at Farmington, Fulton County, Ill., October 22, 1842, a son of James and Mary E. (Chrisman) Frisby, natives of Tennessee and Ohio, respectively. The father was the only member of his family who came from Tennessee to Mlinois, with the exception of one of his sisters, Mrs. Nelson. They settled in Fulton County and finally moved to Peoria County, where both died. The parents of Mary E. Chrisman moved from Ohio to Knox County, IL, where the latter was married to James Frisby about the year 1810. They remained in Fulton County until 1847, when they went to Peoria, which was their home up to 1877. In that year they located in Indian Grove Township, Livingston County, where James Frisby bought 171 acres of land which had already been broken, and which he developed into a valuable property, making it one of the most desirable farms in that locality. After acquiring a snug competency he sold the place to a Mr. Odell, and in 1897, took up his residence in Fairbury, Ill., where he lived in retirement until the time of his death in 1898. His wife had passed away on the farm in 1873. To them were born three sons and four daughters, as follows: William, George W., Frank, Rachael, James, Laura, and Dorothy. George W. Frisby went to Kansas where he lived several years. In 1906 he located in Oklahoma, dying there in 1908, his wife having passed away in Kansas, in 1888. Frank is now a resident of Salem, Oregon. Rachael, deceased, was the wife of Robert Cooper, a farmer in McLean County, Ill.; Jane died in childhood, and Dorothy married Edward Orr, of Peoria. James Frisby was one of the best known farmers in Peoria County, and a useful member of the community. Politically, he was a Republican, and after moving to Livingston County, held various township offices. For sixteen years he served as constable, and acted for several terms in the capacity of School Director. His wife was a lifelong member of the church, and while he did not belong to it, he contributed liberally towards its work. He was animated by a high public spirit, and all worthy enterprises enlisted his support.

William D. Frisby was five years of age when his parents settled in Peoria County, and there began his schooling, finishing his studies in the commercial school at Peoria. He helped his father in farm work, accompanying the family to Livingston County in 1869; and remaining on the home place until the time of his marriage. He has been a resident of Livingston County for thirty-two years, and has met with success in his farming operations, making a specialty of breeding Draft, Clyde and Norman horses. According to the records of the Livingston County Fair Association, he has won more premiums on these grades than any other farmer in his locality.

The marriage of Mr. Frisby took place March 18, 1883, on which date he was wedded to Lydia Cottingham, born in Peoria County, Ill., August 2, 1855. Mrs. Frisby is a daughter of John F. Cottingham, whose family history is given in a biographical record of George Cottingham, appearing elsewhere in this work. Soon after his marriage, Mr. Frisby rented a farm in Avoca Township, and some time later bought an eightyacre tract of land in Indiana, to which, however, he never moved, selling it at a reasonable profit. In 1893 he rented 160 acres of land in Avoca Township, which has since been his home.

Mr, and Mrs. Frisby are the parents of the following named children: Frank, born March 27, 1884; Emma J., born October 21, 1886; George, born August 27, 1887; and Harry, born July 30, 1891. All are at home and all have received a good commercial school education. Emma underwent a musical training, and has been engaged in teaching instrumental music. The Frisby home is well supplied with edifying and entertaining books and other literature, and the household is one of the most agreeable to be found in the county. Mr. Frisby has always taken a deep interest in educational work, and in all matters pertaining to the advancement of the best interests of the community. Politically, he is a supporter of the principles of the Republican party.

FROEBE, Charles J., an energetic and progressive young farmer of Livingston County, Ul, and owner of one of the finest farms in Germanville Township, was born in that township, February 4, 1875, a son of Nicholas and Caroline (Goembel) Froebe, natives of Germany. Nicholas Froebe, who was a successful farmer and a gallant veteran of the Civil War, was also in the military service in the Fatherland, where he remained until he was twenty-seven years old. In youth he learned the trade of a weaver. On coming to the United States he came to Woodford County, Ill., where he lived two years, moving then to Germanville Township, Livingston County, where he was drafted into the service for the Illinois Volunteer Infantry, taking part in the battles of Lookout Mountain, Knoxville and other important engagements. After the war he followed farming many years on the old Froebe homestead. Since 1896, he has been a resident of Oakland, California. His wife died June 2, 1906, at Napa, Cal., and there was buried. Their family consisted of four daughters and three sons, and of four surviving members of the family, one daughter is still in California, while the others are residents of Livingston County.

Charles J. Froebe received his education in Chatsworth, Ill., and accompanied his parents to the Golden State, where he lived seven years, afterwards spending a year in Texas. Since returning to Livingston County, he has devoted his attention successfully to farming on the homestead property of 208 acres, formerly owned by his father. On March 16, 1899, Mr. Froebe was married to Vida C. Fitch, a native of Columbus, Ohio, daughter of Theodore C. and Mary (Burr-Putnam) Fitch, the former a native of Jackson, Miss., and the latter of Marietta, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Fitch were married in cated at Chattanooga, Tenn., where Mr, Fiten engaged in the printing business. In 1897, with his wife and daughter he went to Sacramento, Cal., where he conducted a fruit ranch until his death, September 4, 1901, his widow still surviving and residing there. On the Fitch side, Theodore Fitch was a lineal descendant of the noted John Fitch, of Massachusetts, who traced his ancestry back to the distinguished Fitch and Stuart families, who played such an important part in the history of England. Mrs. Froebe is also a great-granddaughter of Gen. Israel Putnam, of Revolutionary War fame. Two children have resulted from the union of Mr. and Mrs. Froebe, namely: David Putnam and Esther Carlotta. Politically, Mr. Froebe acts with the Republican party. In religious belief he and his wife are Presbyterians.

FUGATE, Daniel, one of the prosperous farmers and representative citizens of Livingston County, resides on Section 35, Avoca Township, in the house he has occupied since childhood, and on the section on which he was born August 11, 1856. Three days after his birth, fire consumed the first dwelling and he was taken into the cornfield for safety, and thus turbulently began a life of hard work and ultimate success. He is a son of William and Mary J. (Ray) Fugate. The maternal grandmother lived to the extreme old ago of 106 years, and was buried on her birthday in 1898, in Fairbury, Il. All the members of the family on both sides lived to an old age, and died honored and respected.

William Fugate, the father, was born in Indiana, where he grew to maturity and married. At a very early day he came to Livingston County, and purchased 160 acres of land on Section 35 in Avoca Township. He was the only one of his family to come west at that time, and was one of the first settlers. The land was entirely unbroken, the greater portion being covered with timber which had to be cleared. He brought his little family overland in an ox-cart and built a most primitive log cabin in the midst of the woods, and began to hew out a home for his loved ones. The nearest trading place was Pontiac sixteen miles away, and from it all necessaries had to be obtained. After his first . dwelling burned, he erected another a little more pretentious and there made his home. In time he added to his original purchase 160 acres on the west of the creek, and developed it all into a fine farm. At that time there were no public roads, so he donated a strip of land about a mile in length and forty feet wide, which he maintained as a road. William Fugate was one of the typical pioneers, strong, hard-working, kindhearted, quick to resent an injury or do a good deed. The stranger in his midst always found a welcome in his hospitable home, as well as those in trouble or need. He was always interested in public matters, and gave his support to whatever he deemed best for township or county. The grasp of his hand was hearty, his smile contagious, and no one ever appealed to him in vain. A Whig until the organization of the Republican party, he entered heartily into the work. of the latter, but could never be induced to accept public honors. From young manhood he was a faithful member of the United Brethren Church and always supported it most generously. When this representative man died on August 8, 1884, the whole county mourned, and his memory lives in the hearts of his many friends. His widow survives, living in the comfortable home he had provided for her and to which he had been forced to retire some time prior to his death. It was on account of his wonderful activity and vitality that he lived as long as he did. He had accumulated considerable means and at the time of his death, owned 320 acres. To himself and wife were born three sons and two daughters: Henderson, a resident of Fairbury; Marion, a stockbreeder of Hastings, Neb.; Molly, who married Abe Filley and both are deceased, leaving two children - Ollie, wife of Percy James of Fairbury ; and Amanda, who married Newton Fulton, editor of "The Blade" of Fairbury; and Daniel, subject of this sketch.

Daniel Fugate was educated in the schools of his section and in farm work, but at an early age, was forced to take charge of affairs on account of his father's ill health, being compelled to work very hard to carry out that good man's wishes, When William Fugate lay on his dying bed, this faithful son was his constant attendant and did all in his power to alleviate the terrible suffering. After his father's death he returned to the farm, which has been his constant care. and here he still resides. On March 3, 1886, he married Miss Jennie Hanna, born in County Antrim, Ireland, March 3, 1855, is a daughter of John and Margaret (Galbrith) Hanna, the former a native of County Antrim and the latter of Scotland. In 1872 the Hanna family left Ireland, and, after a voyage of ten days and five hours, landed at Castle Garden, New York, whence they came direct to Fairbury to join other members of the family who had already settled in Fairbury. By trade Mr. Hanna was a linen weaver, but upon coming to Livingston County bought land in Esmen Township, north of Pontiac, consisting of a tract of 160 acres, partly improved. By hard work he became one of the wealthy men of his Township, and finally retired to Fairbury, where he made his home until his death August 8, 1874. His wife died October 16, 1886, both being members of the Presbyterian Church. In politics he was a Republican. He was a man of retiring disposition and never could be induced to take an active part in public affairs. Eleven children were born to himself and wife: Alexander, a farmer near Piper City, Ill.; James, a farmer of the same place; John, who served three years in the Civil War. and is now a resident of Poole, Neb. ; Nancy, married David Nixon of Sac City, Iowa, is now deceased; Margaret, is living at home with her brother Alexander; Samuel is a farmer near Wolcot, Ill.; Isabella, married James S. Powell, a farmer of Livingston County; David, died in childhood, Mrs, Fugate, and two others who died in infancy.

Mr. and Mrs. Fugate have children as follows : Marion D. born February 10, 1888, in charge of the farm work; John Richard, born April 28, 1889, assists Lis brother in farm work; Frances Belle, born March 25, 1892; Chloe Marie, born September 7, 1895, and Emma Louise, born June 18, 1898. Mr. and Mrs, Fugate have devoted much care and money to giving their children good educations and their home is made pleasant for them. They are encouraged to read and study, and are very bright, promising young people, The family all belong to the Presbyterian Church, and Mrs. Fugate takes an active part in the work of the Home Missionary Society of that Church. They occupy land that has been in the family for over half a century and which Mr. Fugate has helped to develop. They are typical representatives of the best class of farming people, intelligent, well-read and hospitable to a marked degree, delightful to meet and warm friends when once their confidence is gained,

FULTON, Newton E., member of the firm of Fulton & Sutton, and editor of the "Fairbury Blade," is one of the old newspaper men of Livingston County, Ill., whose paper is recognized as the organ of the Republican party in this section of the State. Mr. Fulton was born in Highland County, Ohio, a son of A. B. and Helena (Hughes) Fulton, who came of Scotch-Irish parentage, and were born in Ohio. They came to Illinois in the early *60s. The grandparents on both sides were born in Ohio.

The early life of Mr. Fulton was spent in Fairbury, where he attended the schools of his district, and then learned the art of telegraphy. Later he was a railroad brakeman and conductor in Nebraska and Illinois. When he was twentythree years he commenced to learn the printing trade, later embarking in his present business enterprise, and has been editor of the "Fairbury Blade" for the past fifteen years.

Mr. Fulton is very prominent as a Mason, being Past Eminent Commander of St. Paul's Commandery, No. 34 Knights Templar, and is the present High Priest of Fairbury Chapter, No. 99 R. A. M., and has held that office for three years. He is also a member of Livingston Lodge, No. 290 I. O. O. F., and of the Modern Woodmen. In politics Mr. Fulton has been a Republican since he cast his first vote, and is very active in party matters, 4

On Qctober 7, 1906, Mr. Fulton was married in Fairbury, Ill, to Ruth Filley, who was born in that city, a daughter of A. F. Filley, who was a member of Company K, Third Illinois Cavalry, and served through the Civil War. Mr. and Mrs. Fulton are the parents of one child, Majorie.

Mr. Fulton is an active business man, a fluent and ready writer. and his paper has long been an important factor in the life of Livingston: County.

veneration. They did not shirk the heavy responsibilities laid upon their shoulders, and because of their bravery the Union was preserved, and this great country became what it is to-day. All honor is due them, and it is demonstrated in many ways. Every community has its veterans, and Pontiac, is no exception to this rule, and among the esteemed veterans of Livingston County, is James Hook Gaff, of Pontiac, Ill.

Mr. Gaff was born at Xenia, Greene County, Ohio, March 23, 1827, and although now eightytwo years of age, he enjoys excellent health, sleeps as one who has nothing on his conscience, and is in every respect a wonderful man. He is a son of David McClure Gaff, born near Gettysburg, Pa., and Hannah Mock Gaff, born at Xenia, Ohio. The father was a farmer by occupation. David Gaff came of Irish descent, while his wife came of German and English ancestry. Both grandfathers of James Hook Gaff were in the War of 1812, and both settled in Greene County, Ohio, in 1801. The maternal grandparents were from Rowan County, N. C. and the trip was made in wagons, but as they were religious, no traveling was done on Sunday. The paternal grandparents were from Pennsylvania but came to Wheeling, Va., in wagons and floated down the Ohio River to Cincinnati on rafts,

James Hook Gaff was educated in the common school, which was of a very primitive character. The windows had greased paper attached to sticks in place of glass, and the appointments were of the crudest character, and yet he was thoroughly grounded in what he studied, and has remembered all he learned. Leaving school, he learned the blacksmith's trade, and worked on a farm in Fayette County, Ohio. His great sport was hunting, and he became very skilled, and this was to serve him in good stead when he became a pioneer of Illinois and the family larder depended upon his gun for meat.

In 1851 he made the trip from Fayette County, Ohio, to McLean County, Ill., in a wagon, arriving November 16, in 1859, removing from Mc- Lean County, to Livingston County, which has been his home ever since. In 1862 when the country needed his services, Mr. Gaff enlisted in the One Hundred and Twenty-ninth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and went with General Sherman to the Sea, through the Carolinas to Richmond and then on to Washington, where he participated in the Grand Review, and during his period of service, he never was either captured or wounded, and has the astonishing record of never having been really sick for a day in his long and useful life. Mr. Gaff, however, attributes his excellent health in part to the fact that he had never used tobacco or liquor in any form, and that he has enjoyed himself whenever the opportunity offered, in a healthful and wholesome manner.

Politically, Mr. Gaff has been prominent, and, in 1858, left the Democratic party to become a Republican. He declares that he was a Democrat because he knew no. better, and that as soon as his eyes were opened to the truth of the principles advocated by the Republican party, he saw clearly, and has remained stanch in his support of its principles ever since. On November 6, 1866, he was elected Sheriff of Livingston County and served two years. He was Postmaster of Pontiac for eight years from 1878 to 1886; for twelve years was a Justice of the Peace; was Deputy Sheriff for eighteen years, and is now holding that office, as well as that of Justice of the Peace. In 1854 Mr. Gaff joined the Masonic fraternity, and in 1858 joined the Methodist Church and has been one of its stewards for forty years.

On December 23, 1850, Mr. Gaff married at Jeffersonville, Fayette County, Ohio, Catherine Powell, who was born at Jeffersonville, November 17, 1829. Mr. and Mrs. Gaff became the parents of the following children: David Eber, born November 3, 1853, died November 17, 1861; Mary Etta, born May 3, 1859, died May 6, 1860; Anna, born May 17, 1866; and they have one granddaughter, Helen Gaff Tanquary, born October 5, 1879, at Newton, Kan.

Men like Mr. Gaff teach much to those who have come after them, and set a most excellent example of desirable American citizenship, for the younger generation to follow. He is cheery, genial, delights in a good story or joke, and can tell them, too, in a most delightful way, and has more friends throughout this part of the state than any other man of his years.

GALL, Thomas Riley, a well known, successful and highly respected farmer in Odell Township, Livingston County, Ill, was born in Adams County, Ohio, on February 11, 1852, a son of George W. and Mary (Ward) Gall, natives of Ohio and Pennsylvania, respectively. The grandparents on the maternal side were Robert and Tabitha Ward, of Pennsylvania, who moved from that State to Ohio, and later, to Illinois, spending their closing years in Nevada Township, Livingston County. George W. Gall, a farmer by occupation, was married to Mary Ward in Ohio, and in 1847, moved to Putnam County, Ill., locating on a farm of eighty acres, where the father remained until the time of his death, on June 5, 1905, his wife having passed away March 13, 1897. Both were members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Their family consisted of nine children, five of whom are living. In politics, George W. Gall was a supporter of the Democratic party. Thomas R. Gall was reared to the life of a farmer, and received his education in the common schools of Putnam County. After leaving home, he worked by the month for nine years as a farm hand, and then, for three years, farmed on rented land in Putnam County. In 1881 he moved to Livingston County, having charge of his grandfather's farm two years, and in 1883 bought a farm of eighty acres in Odell Township, to which he has since added another tract of eighty acres. On this land he is successfully engaged in general farming and stock-raising.

On December 26, 1879, Mr. Gall was married to Elizabeth Regenold, born in Putnam County, Ill., a daughter of Oliver and Catherine Regenold, natives of Pennsylvania and Germany, respectively. The parents of Mrs. Gall settled in Putnam County at an early period, and her father is still living there at the age of seventy- Seven years, her mother being deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Gall have two children, namely: Etta Effa, wife of Henry R. Bockmann, of Nevada Township, Livingston County, and Ira Melvin.

Politically, Mr. Gall is identified .with the Democratic party, and has served as School Director. Fraternally, he is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows; Modern Woodmen of America; and American Circle. He and his good wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church,

GALLUP, Hon. Joseph (deceased). - The Gallup family trace their ancestry back to Capt. John Gallup, the founder of the American branch of the family who came to America in 1630, His wife, Hannah (Lake) Gallup, was a daughter of Madame Margarette Lake, the first white woman at New London, Conn., and a descendant of Charlemagne, who founded the French dynasty in Western Europe in the early part of the ninth century. Joseph Gallup was a son of Nathaniel Gallup, and he and his wife, Cecelia (Gallup) Gallup, were both natives of Connecticut, the former (Joseph) born September 4, 1827, and the latter, December 15, 1826. Joseph Gallup and his wife came to Peoria County, Ill., in 1850, and there bought 100 acres of land to which he made

* additions until he became the owner of 440 acres, and upon which he lived until his death on October 15, 1907, his wife having died in July, 1877. Joseph Gallup was a Democrat in his political associations, served as a Justice of the Peace, and two terms, from 1880 to 1884, was Representative in the General Assembly from the Peoria District. In religious belief he was a Universalist, while his wife was a member of the Baptist church.

Capt. John Gallup, the founder of the American Gallup family, was one of the early planters, locating at Mystic, now in New London County, Conn., in 1654, and there built a house on a tract of land granted him by the General Court of Connecticut. Capt. Gallup was a brave and valiant officer, and although sixty years of age. took a prominent part in the bloody King Philip's War. After King Philip, with a band of Narragansetts and other Indian allies, had taken refuge in a swamp, Capt. Gallup, at the head of a band of Mohegans and whites, joined in the attack under command of Col. Winslow, which resulted in the defeat of the famous Indian Chief, but at the cost of many lives, including six captains of the attacking force, of whom Captain Gallup was one. The name Gallup is said to be derived from the two German words, "Gott Lob" - meaning, "God be praised."

The first sea-fight within the limits of what is now the territory of the United States, at least on the eastern coast, is connected with the history of the Gallup family, as it is said to have been fought in the summer of 1636, off Block Island, between a crew consisting of one man, Captain John Gallup, and two boys, his sons, on one side, and a force of Pequod Indians, on the other, the victory being won by Capt. Gallup and his little crew.

GALLUP, Marion, for many years a successful farmer of Livingston County, Ill, and one of the most prominent citizens of his locality, was born in Peoria County, Ill, November 20, 1853, the son of Joseph and Cecelia Gallup, both natives of Connecticut. (See sketch of Hon. Joseph Gallup and family in preceding section.) Marion Gallup spent his youth on his father's farm in Peoria County, meanwhile attending the public schools of his neighborhood. After graduating from the high school at Chillicothe, Peoria County, in the class of 1875, under the principalship of D. H. Pingree, Mr. Gallup engaged in the study of law in the office of Hopkins & Morron, Peoria, and after being admitted to the bar, practiced there for a short time, In 1880 he moved to Owego Township, Livingston County, where he bought a farm of 160 acres to which he has since added until he is now the owner of 240 acres, on which he carried on general farming and stock-raising. This is reputed to be one of the best and most highly cultivated farms in Livingston County. In addition, he is also the owner of a half-section of land near Plainview in Hale County, Texas.

On October 4, 1877, Mr. Gallup was married to Nellie L. Kimball, who was born August 4, 1859, at Buxton, near Gorham, Maine, the daughter of Ira and Lucy Maria (Phillips) Kimball, the former a native of Maine and the latter of Connecticut. (See sketch of Ira Kimball and family in another portion of this volume.) The union of Mr. and Mrs. Gallup has been blessed with four children, namely: Cecelia, born October 2, 1878; Joseph K., born February 27, 1880, and who now resides on his farm in Hale County, Texas; Nellie J.. born April 4, 1881; and Harvey W., born November 4, 1888. Cecelia, the oldest daughter, is the wife of Joseph Munson of Centralia, Mo.; Nellie J. held a position with Marshall Field & Co., of Chicago, until recently, when she went to California where she now resides; while Harvey still remains on the home farm. Mrs, Gallup traces her lineage to Pilgrim ancestry and the landing of the Mayflower, being a descendant of the Phillips family, which was noted in the ecclesiastical history of New England. x

Originally a Democrat, Mr. «(Gallup is now a supporter of the principles of the Prohibition party. In 1882 he was chosen Township Collector and, in the following year, School Treasurer. For most of the time since 1885 he has served as Justice of the Peace, and for several years held the office of School Director, declining a re-election when his children reached maturity. In 189 he was appointed lecturer of the Farmers' Alliance of Livingston County, retaining that position during the existence of the

Alliance, was also one of the founders of the Farmers' Institute in Pontiac, and is a member of the Executive Committee of most of the Institutes in Livingston County. For the past eight years he has been Secretary of the Owego Mutual Insurance Company, and is a stockholder in the Farmers' Elevator Company. Politically, Mr. Gallup has been active in the affairs of his county, having served as Chairman of the Prohibition Central Committee for several years, was candidate of the same party for Representative in the General Assembly in 1898, for Lieutenant-Governor in 1904, and on the primary ticket for Secretary of State 1908. In their church relations he and his family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mrs. Gallup is a natural artist, and has accomplished much with her brush and pencil for the beautification of her home. She is a zealous worker in the cause of temperance and promotion of social elevation and morality.

GARRETSON, James Abraham, a resident of Cornell, Livingston County, is of Southern lineage on both sides of his family, being born in Harrison County, W. Va., July 23, 1854. His maternal grandparents, Abel and Elizabeth (Richards) Gourley, were both natives of Eastern Virginia, as were also his parents, William H. and Mary E. (Gourley) Garretson, the latter natives of Loudoun County, Eastern Virginia. By trade the father was a carpenter and millwright, a business which he followed with splendid success, but which he nevertheless sacrificed to enlist his services in behalf of his country's welfare. He became a member of Company H, One Hundred and Twelfth West Virginia Infantry, in 1862, and during his two years' service had ample opportunity to witness the horrors and dangers of warfare, nowhere more noticeable probably than in the battle of Piedmont, one of the most desperate encounters of the entire war. He participated in the charge up the heights into the jaws of death, never stopping or wavering until the enemy's ranks were broken and hundreds of prisoners captured. It was on this battlefield that he was instantly killed June 5, 1864. ` With a spirit no less heroic than that shown on the battlefield by the husband and father, Mrs. Garretson undertook the care and training of her six little children alone. It was in October of 1864 that she left the South and came to Illinois, settling in Esmen Township, Livingston County, on a farm which was owned by her brother. At first she was assisted by her father, who also made his home with them, and finally, as the children grew older, she was gradually relieved of many responsibilities. This farm remained the family home until James A. was twenty-seven years of age, when they removed to Grundy County and made their home on a rented farm for six years. Returning to Amity Township at the end of that time he purchased ninety-eight acres on Section 13, upon which, in addition to carrying on general farming, he also raised and dealt in horses, cattle and hogs. At the same time he rented from: John Gourley 320 acres of pasture land for his cattle. It was in the spring of 1904 that he removed to his present farm of 280 acres, 200 acres lying in Section 14 and the remainder in Section 23. Recently he has improved the property with a fine two-story frame house of seven rooms, heated by furnace and lighted by acetylene gas. Gradually Mr. Garretson is withdrawing from the more arduous labors which fall to the lot of the agriculturist, and aside from buying and selling stock he is living practically retired.

By his marriage September 23, 1880, Mr. Garretson was united with Hannah Gamblin, who was born in Amity Township, Livingston County, Ill., June 30, 1861, the daughter of William and Sarah Jane (Beaman) Gamblin. Mrs. Garretson is decended from English ancestors,and

Benjamin and Jane (Lewis) Beaman, were born in England. Named in order of birth the ten children born to the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Garretson are as follows: Cora May, born August 7, 1882, and now the wife of Harry O. Brown, of Amity Township; Mabel Jane, born November 28, 1884, at home with her parents; Pearl Elizabeth, born February 21. 1887, and now the wife of A. C. Wellman, of Cornell, Ill.; Julia Leora, born November 27, 1888, at home; Milo Merton, born January 3, 1891; Harlow William, born March 1, 1893; Sarah Frances, born August 27, 1895; Glenn Herold, born January 17, 1901; Howard Alfred, born August 6, 1904; and James A., born July 23, 1907. Politically, Mr. Garretson is a Republican, and on the ticket of that party has been elected to the office of Road Commissioner, which he filled successfully for two terms. In his church affiliations he is a member of the Methodict Episcopal denomination, and in the church of which he is a member, he is now filling the offices of trustee and steward.

GINGERICH, John W., for many years one of the most extensive and favorably known farmers in the vicinity of Chatsworth, Il., and now living a retired life in that village, a man long prominent in connection with local affairs, was born in Hessen, Germany. in February, 1841. In 1852, he was brought to the United States by his parents, Michael and Magdalena (Otto) Gingerich, who located at first in Maryland, and thence, in the spring of 1853, moved to Peru, Ill., where the father began farming near Tonica, LaSalle County. There he continued many years, dying at the age of eighty-nine years, two weeks after the death of his wife. He was a successful farmer, a worthy man and a good citizen. He and his wife had four sons, namely: Joseph, formerly a farmer, of LaSalle County, who died at Pana, Ill.; Jacob, formerly a farmer of Livingston County, Charlotte Township, who settled there about the year 1867, and died at the age of forty-two years; Otto, who remained on the homestead, where he died in 1905; and John W.

John W. Gingerich stayed at home until he was twenty-four years old, coming to Livingston County in 1867, and buying at $15 per acre. eighty acres of raw prairie land lying half a mile from his brother's farm in Charlotte Township, and four and a half miles northwest of Chatsworth. He lived on that farm until the spring of 1906, haying increased his holding in the meantime until it comprised 560 acres, for some of which he paid as much as $125 per acre. The entire property is now worth $150 per acre. It contains three sets of buildings, and was operated wholly by its owner while he lived there. It is well tiled and is considered one of the best farms in the township.

In 1868, Mr. Gingerich was married, at Minonk, Ill., to Agnes Miller, a-native of Scotland, who came to this country when quite young. She died in 1894. Wight children were born to this union, as follows: Eila, wife of William Barner, of Sullivan Township. Livingston County; Charles, who is on the old homestead farm; Joseph, who occupies a portion of the same farm; Preston, a farmer near Dwight, Ill.; John, who follows farming in Kansas; Frank, who is in partnership with his brother Charles, on the homestead farm; and Agnes, who is her father's housekeeper. One died in infancy. In 1906, John W. Gingerich withdrew from active business, and has since lived at Chatsworth in retirement, retaining possession of his farms.

In politics, Mr. Gingerich has always been a Democrat, in earlier life attending his party's conventions, and taking an active part in local affairs. He served eight years continuously as Supervisor, and held other township offices. Fraternally, he is affiliated with the A. F. A. M., belonging to Chatsworth Lodge, which he joined many years ago.

GLABE, Sebastian, an intelligent and thriving farmer of Germanville Townsbip, Livingston County, Ill., where he has borne the reputation of a worthy and reliable member of the community for many years, was born in Farmdale, Tazewell County, Ill., July 31, 1859, a son of Jacob and Katharina (Stein) Glabe, natives of Kur- Hesen. Germany, of whom the former was born in 1815 and the latter in 1816. Their marriage took place in the fatherland in 1846, and two years later, they emigrated to the United States, proceeding to Illinois and settling in Tazewell County, where Jacob Glabe took up a tract of land at Farmdale. This he cleared and improved, following farming thereon up to the time of his decease, on July 12, 1892. The mother survived her husband until 1898, passing away at Farmdale. Their family consisted of Six sons and one daughter.

Sebastian Glabe, who was the youngest of this family, was reared on his father's farm, and received his education in the distriet schools. In early life he became associated with his brother Henry, who was an architect, contractor and builder, but later. his occupation was that of a mechanical engineer for several years, his residence being at Holton, Kan., where he and his brother-in-law erected the Municipal Electric Light Plant, Since 1890 he has been located on his present farm, where he is the owner of 160 acres of fine land and his labors have been attended by profitable results.

On December 31, 1885, Mr. Glabe was married to Katharina Ruppel, of Livingston County, 111., whose parents, Henry and Angelina (Berlett) Ruppel, were natives of the same province in Germany in which he was born. They came to this country in 1850, and lived ten years at Washington, Ill.. moving thence to the homestead farm in Germanville Township, now operated by the subject of this sketch. Mrs. Glabe's father, Henry Ruppel, is now in his seventyeighth year, but hale and hearty, and enjoys regular daily rides on his bicycle. Mr. and Mrs. Glabe have nine daughters, as follows: Laura; Nellie, a teacher of music; Luella, Esther, Ruth and Rachel (twins); Eva, Alice, and Seberta.

Politically, Mr. Glabe is a supporter of the Republican party. He and his excellent wife are members of the Evangelical church. He has held all the local offices and is now a Justice of the Peace, School Director, and has been Commissioner of Highways nine years.

GLINNEN, Dennis W. - Prominent among those devoted and sturdy pioneers whose efforts to conquer the wilderness have resulted in the establishment and development of the great Commonwealth of Illinois, is numbered the venerable Dennis Glinnen, who is now living in retirement in Fairbury, Livingston County. He is.a son of James and Mary (Dunn) Glinnen, and he was born in West Meath, Ireland, May 9. 1836, being brought by his parents to the United States in 1840. Both parents were natives of West Meath, Ireland, where they were married about October, 1834.

Dennis Glinnen was only four years old when the family emigrated, and for four years the family lived in Maryland, Delaware and Pennsylvania until 1844, when location was made in the village of Pontiac. After looking about, James Glinnen bought land in Avoca Township and upon this wild land the family settled and were among the first pioneers in that locality.

GODWIN, Dan W., who has been engaged in farming in Livingston County, Ill., for twentyeight years, and is now located in Odell Township, was born in LaSalle County, Ill, June 5, 1856, a son of John and Anna (Long) Godwin, the former a native of Canada, and the latter of England. In Canada, the father was a shipbuilder and in Illinois he followed farming. In 1833, the mother crossed the ocean with her parents, who settled in Canada. There, on reaching maturity, she became the wife of John Godwin, and they came to Illinois about the year 1847, locating on a farm of 160 acres in La- Salle County. This, John Godwin owned until the time of his death, February 15, 1896, his wife surviving him until December 11, 1905. In Canada. three children were born to them, and in Illinois seven. Of the family five were sons, and eight are still living. In early life John Godwin was an active Whig politically, but later became a Republican. Although reared in the "piscopal faith, after settling in Illinois he and his wife were members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Dan W. Godwin received his education in the common schools of LaSalle County, and remained on the home farm until he was twenty-three years old. In 1880 he came to Liyingston County, and carried on farming, here and there on rented land, until 1905. Then he bought his present farm of eighty acres in Odell Township. Besides his general farming operations, he devotes some attention to stock-raising.

On July 5, 1880, Mr. Godwin was united in marriage with Isabel Chapman, a daughter of James and Agnes (Allen) Chapman, natives of England, where their marriage took place, In 1848 they came to this country, settling near Lisbon. Kendall County, Ill., and shortly afterward moved to Morris, Ill., where both died of cholera, two days apart. Mr. Chapman had some reputation as a poet. Four children have resulted from the union of Mr. and Mrs. Godwin, namely: Bertha, who was educated in the Odell High School, and has been a teacher for five years; Edna, Hazel, and Merrill,

Politically, Mr. Godwin is a Republican. He and his wife attend the Presbyterian church, and both are greatly respected by all who have the pleasure of their acquaintance,

GOEMBEL, John. - Farming as a business has attracted to it many of the solid. substantial men of all farming communities. These men know how to till their land so as to bring forth the best results, and to wrest from the soil a good income, Their neat premises, comfortable home, spacious barn, and well-fed stock, all testify to their prosperity. Their black soil produces wonderful crops, especially in Illinois, that great farming state, and in Livingston County, the conditions are particularly favorable for the farmer,

John Goembel of Strawn, Ill., is one of the best representatives of Illinois farmers to be found in this part of Livingston County. Mr. Goembel was born in Germanville Township, Livingston County, Ill., February 10, 1870, a son of William Philip and Elizabeth (Shroen) Goembel. William P. Goembel was born in Breitenbadam, Hertzberg, Kurhessen, Germany, February 20, 1833, while his wife was born in Niederauta, Kurhessen, Germany, February 5, 1845, and died January 16, 1901. The father was a farmer and is now living retired.

Mr. Goembel was educated in the public schools of his neighborhood, and, after leaving the farm in Germanville Township with his parents in the fall of 1880, he settled in Strawn, Ill., and as soon as old enough he began to assist his father in the grain and lumber business. In the spring of 1894 Mr. Goembel began farming on his present property, a fine farm of 120 acres, which he owns and operates, devoting his attention to general farming purposes.

and in the spring of 1901 he was elected Supervisor on the Democratic ticket, has been reelected at each successive election, and at present is holding this important office and giving entire satisfaction to all parties concerned. In 1898, Mr. Goembel joined the M. W. of A.; in 1902 he joined the K. of P. and he has filled all the offices in these local camps, and local lodges, and is at present K. of R. for the K. of P. In religious matters, he is a member of the German Lutheran church, and one of its most liberal supporters.

On December 25, 1893, Mr. Goembel married at Greenwood, Neb., Laura Alice Walling, who was born, reared and married in the same house. Her father died March 24, 1899, and her mother, surviving him until November 17, 1907, died on that date. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Goembel are as follows: Marguerite F., born December 11, 1894; William Philip, born August 9, 1896; Tebitha E., born September 8, 1901; and John, born January 11, 1908. Mr. Goembel is an excellent farmer, a good business man and, as a public official, his record is unsullied. He has always done what he believed to be his duty, and has endeavored to be a good neighbor, a kind and loving husband and father, and has succeeded in becoming an exemplary citizen, who is held up as a model to others.

GOLDSMITH, Charlie Elsworth - The newspapers of any community are, naturally, the moulders of public opinion, and, as a weapon in the hands of irresponsible parties, a publication can do much harm; just so can one in capable hands, free from outside influence, accomplish much good. The Long Point Advocate, one of the leading newspapers of Livingston County, Ill., belongs to the latter class, being published by Charles Elsworth Goldsmith, who is well known throughout this section as a capable newspaper man and successful real-estate dealer. Mr. Goldsmith was born April 24, 1863, in Reading Township, Livingston County, Ill, and his boyhood was spent on a farm, where, on account of his unusual height, which enabled him to reach the handles of the plows long before other lads, he began to do his share in assisting his father, Azariah Goldsmith, in the work on the place when but nine years old. He remained on the homestead farm in Reading Township until 1897 when he bought an 80-acre farm in Long Point Township, which was his residence until 1904. In the latter year he came to Long Point and purchased the Advocate, a neutral publication, which under his able management has become one of the best sheets in this section. The policy of the paper is sound, as are its editorials, and the advertising men find it a good medium. Mr. Goldsmith has also done much in the realestate line, and now owns 320 acres of finely improved land in Douglas County, S. D. In political matters he is a Republican, and socially is connected with Lodge No. 552, A. F. & A. M, the Knights of Pythias and the Mutual Protective League. His wife is also connected with the M. P. L., as well as the Royal Neighbors

On March 31, 1897, Mr. Goldsmith was united in marriage with Dora Deedrich, born February 2, 1868, in Reading Township, daughter of Augustus and Roxana (Thrasher) Deedrich, the former a native of France and the latter of Illinois. Mr. and Mrs. Goldsmith have had three children: Sibyl, born July 14, 1899; Oliver A. born August 21, 1904, and Lucille, born September 15, 1905.

Augustus Deedrich, father of Mrs, Goldsmith, was brought to this country by his parents when but a lad, and on the trip to America both parents contracted sickness from which they died shortly after landing. When the lad was about twelve years of age he was taken in charge by an uncle, who had him placed in a convent; but becoming tired of the confinement, the boy escaped and made his way to Illinois. He had picked up the blacksmith trade, and at this he worked until came the call for volunteers during the Civil War, when he enlisted in Company D, Twentieth Illinois Infantry, for three years, this regiment being organized May 14, 1861, at Joliet, and mustered into service June 13, 1861. With this regiment Mr. Deedrich participated in the following engagements: Frederickstown, Mo.; Fort Donelson, Shiloh, Corinth, Thompson's Plantation, Champion Hills, Big Black River, Vicksburg, Kennesaw Mountain, and Atlanta, and after a long and weary march through the Carolinas, the regiment was finally ordered to Louisville, Ky., where it was musteredout of the service, July 16, 1865, receiving its final discharge at Chicago on July 24th following. Mr. Deedrich was a brave and faithful soldier and, in more ways than one, proved his worth on the battlefield. At the battle of Shiloh. when a mortar burst, Mr. Deedrich's knowledge of blacksmithing stood the regiment in good stead, as he shrunk an iron band around the disabled piece so cleverly that it was put immediately back into service and did effective work. It is now on exhibition in Memorial Hall, at Springfield, IN. After his long and faithful service to his country, Mr. Deedrich went to Ancona, where followed his trade until 1874, in which year he removed to Long Point, and there continued in the practice of his trade until his death in April, 1903. He was well known as a representative of the highest type of manhood, and while it may be said that he was an excellent soldier, it may also be recorded that he was an excellent citizen. His widow, who survives him still makes her home at Long Point. Ten children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Deedrich, as follows: three who are deceased; Dora, now Mrs. Goldsmith; May, the wife of H. E. Howell, a farmer near Woodstock, 111.; Maude, the wife of W. H. Stewart, of Pontiac. Ill.; Grace, the wife of Leo Tilton, a farmer near Rochelle, Ill. ; Bert, who makes his home in Monticello, Ill.; Mignon, the wife of Herbert F. Campbell, a farmer near Ashton, Ill.; and Elsie, who makes her home with her aged mother.

GOLDSMITH, Ezariah (deceased) - The death of a good man is a distinctive loss to any commuity, and when a man like Ezariah Goldsmith is taken away, he is publicly mourned and his memory is cherished for many years. The late Mr. Goldsmith was born August 8, 1831, in Township of Louth, District of Niagara, Upper Canada. His parents were Erastus and Mary (Smith) Goldsmith, the former born March 20, 1796, in Orange County, N. Y., but married in Canada, May 12, 1818, and in 1838 removed to the vicinity of Mansfield, Ohio, and there Ezariah Goldsmith was reared to manhood.

In 1856 Ezariah Goldsmith was married to Emily Hunter, and in December of that year they came by teams to Illinois, remaining on their first location until 1857, when they located in Livingston County. For five years they rented land in Long Point Township, but in 1863 Mr. Goldsmith bought eighty acres of land on Section 33, Reading Township, and on that farm established his family. From time to time he added to his property until, at the time of his demise, he owned 196 acres of fine farming land in Reading and Long Point Townships. At first the family lived in Reading Township, but later Mr. Goldsmith erected a very commodious home, with good buildings for his stock in Long Point Township, where his death occurred July 18, 1896. His widow survived him until April 17, 1908, when she too passed away. They had the following children: Mary, at home; James, a farmer of Reading Township; Charles E., editor and farmer; Lucy at home; Frank, a farmer in South Dakota; and two who died in infancy.

Upon coming to Illinois Mr. and Mrs. Goldsmith united with the Christian Church. In politics Mr. Goldsmith was a very stanch Republican, and almost the last words he said were to declare that he was for McKinley. He was a very public-spirited man who always supported every measure he believed would conserve the best interests of the community. In his home life he was an affectionate and devoted father and husband and his family were bound to him by the strongest ties,

GONDERMAN, Emil, the well known and enterprising proprietor of a flourishing hardware store at Reddick, Kankakee County, Ill., was born near Weisbaden, Germany, July 22, 1873, a son of William and Johannetta (Shultze) Gonderman, natives of Germany. where the former was born in 1834. William Gonderman, who was a tailor and music teacher after a long and diligent life in his fatherland, came to the United States in 1900, and has since made his home with the subject of this sketch. wife died when the latter was two years old, and since her death he has remained single. Besides Emil, they had three other children, namely: Karl, who is working in the iron mines in Germany; Emma, who was first married to Henry Habel, in Germany, and after his death, to Gustav Weber; and Sophia, who became the wife of Edward Smidt, in Germany. Emil Gonderman received his education in the public schools of his native land, where, in youth, he learned the trade of a machinist. In March, 1892, he came to the United States and proceeded to Bonfield, Kankakee County, Ill., going thence to Reddick, and later to Streator, Ul., working constantly at blacksmithing. Returning to Reddick in the fall of 1894, he then built a blacksmith shop, and shortly afterwards bought out his sole competitor in that line. He conducted his shop until the fire of 1895, which laid the business section of Reddick in ashes. Rebuilding the shop, he began selling agricultural implements in the following year, keeping his stock of goods on the place. In 1900 he sold the shop to Anton Miller, to whom he subsequently sold a dwelling house. From this time he directed his attention exclusively to his store interests, enlarging the store-room at intervals, and adding hardware to the stock, and subsequently, plumbing, heating and tinning supplies, in succession. Still later, he put in harness, buggies and wagons. Finding that the requirements of the trade demanded a larger building, he tore down the old frame structure. and on January 10, 1906, began a new, brick building, which was finished on March 18, following. This contains double store-rooms, and has more than 10,000 feet of floor space. His have greatly increased, and the concern is doing a very prosperous business. In 1895, Mr. Gonderman built a fine residence in that portion of Reddick which is situated within the limits of Livingston County. Besides his property in Reddick, he is the owner of a farm in South Dakota,

On March 22, 1895, Mr. Gonderman was united in marriage with Emma Greener, a daughter of Louis and Sophia (Freeman) Greener, born in Streator, Ill.. December 25, 1870. Her father, a farmer near Streator, and an early settler of that locality, was one of the victims of the disastrous explosion of a car-lond of dynamite at Streator, Ill., in 1907, of which Mr. Gonderman was a witness. Mr. and Mrs. Gonderman have three children, namely: Earl, born June 10, 1898; Carrie, born April 7, 1900; and Edna, born June 12, 1903.

In political affairs, Mr. Gonderman is a supporter of the Republican party. but entertains no ambition to hold public office. Fraternally. he is affiliated with the K. O. T. M.; Independent Order of Odd Fellows; Rebeccas; and Knights of the Globe. In religion, his creed is that of the German Evangelical church. He is a young man of good business qualifications and unquestionable honesty, and his success is well deserved.