Warren County, Illinois - The whole text, 1886 (part 14 of 25)

uther C. Hibbard, a farmer on section 16 in the township of Kelly, comes of some of the best New England Stock. His ancestors on the paternal side distinguished tueir names in the first great struggle for their rights and carried the sign manual of their bravery from more than one battlefield of the Revolution. Luther Hibbard, his father, was born in the State of Vermont, or what became such, in 1791. About 1800, accompanied by his father and three brothers, he went from his native State to New York. They made the journey there with ox-teams and took with them all their belongings. They were among the earliest of the settlers where they located. Luther Ethemer Hibbard, the father of Luther Hibbard, was an officer in the Revolution. His sons, Luther, Harry, Shubal and Henry, bought land in the celebrated " Holland Purchase " in Erie Co., N. Y. The Holland purchase included an immense tract of land in the central part of the State of New York, which the government gave to Robert Morris to reimburse him for money advanced to defray the expenses of the Revolutionary War. When the second war with Great Gritain succeeded, father and sons all enrolled in the military service of their country. Henry became a Captain and the father a Major. A son-in-law of Major Hibbard, and Uncle by marriage of Mr. Hibbard of this sketch, was a Colonel and was killed by Indians in the same war. Shubal Hibbard was wounded in the arm and underwent amputation. Major Hibbard died in Erie County, about 1825. His Son Luther cleared a farm in the same county and lived there until 1832. In that year he sold out and went to Pennsylvania. He located in Warren County and remained there until 1 840. His wife had died and he started thence for Illinois alone, on horseback. He came direct, as nearly as he could, crossing the State of Michigan. He passed the first winter at Rock Island and in the spring came to Warren County. He was an inmate of the home of his son, the subject of this account, until his death, which took place Aug. 7, 1847. The wife of Luther Hibbard was Sarah Yaw, before her marriage to him. She was a native of New England and was the mother of a son and a daughter. The latter died at the age of 18 years.

Luther G. Hibbard was two years old when his mother died. He was cared for by his grandmother - until her death, at which time he was 15 years old. After that event he was again under the care of his father. He was born May 20, 1816, and was there- ' fore 24 when, in 1840, he determined to find a home and a field for operation as a business man in the West. He set out for Illinois on a raft on the Allegany River, and proceeded in that manner to Pittsburg. He made his way thence on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers to Rock Island, and from there to Warren County. He rented land in the township of Spring Grove, which was situated on section 25, and passed two or thtee years as a farmer. He went next to Galena, where he became interested in the business of a butcher. He had previously operated somewhat as a buyer of groceries and leather, which he disposed of to the farmers for hides, which he sold in Chicago. He took his first crops to that city with ox-teams, and sold his wheat for 50 cents a bushel. He took his provisions with him and camped on the route. He was in business at Galena two years, and at the end of that time returned to Warren County.

In 1850, Mr. Hibbard bought 40 acres of land on section 16 in Kelly township, where there were a few acres under the plow. He found a small frame house, which he bought and removed to his farm, and he then entered upon the further improvement of his land. His estate no\v includes 260 acres,

His marriage to Esther Presson took place Feb. 26, 1848. Her father, Samuel Presson, was born in Vermont, and the birthplace of her mother was in Massachusetts. The name of the latter before her marriage was Esther Wisvvell. Mrs. Hibbard was born in Windham Co., Vt., April 20, 1825. After their marriage, herself and husband located in Chenango Co., N. Y., fixing their abode there about 1830. In 1844 they came to Warren County and settled in Kelly Township. The life of the father terminated in 1852; that of the mother ended in 1854. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Hibbard are now five in number. Scoville L. is a resident in Kelly Township. Fannie is the wife of William McCulloch, of the same part of Warren County. Lucy A. is a teacher and resides at home. The two youngest are named Clark G. and Charles L. The first-born child, Edwin L., died at the age of two months. George, the second in order, died at four months of age. Henry Samuel was born July 4, 1852, and died Feb. 27, 1883.

Mr. Hibbard was Postmaster at Ionia ten years, and his daughter Lucy was his successor. She served two years. He has always taken an active interest in the cause of education and has give.- his children the advantages of the colleges at Abingdon and Galesburg. He has acted as Director, and has assessed the township twice. In political affinity and belief, he is a Democrat. The members of the family belong to the Advent Church.

tenry L. Harrington, M. D., at Monmouth, was born at St. Johnsbury, Vt., Dec. 28, 1846. His parents, Jubal and Harriet (Locke) Harrington, were natives of Massachusetts and New Hampshire respectively, and were descended from Irish ancestry. They had two sons and one daughter, and Mrs. Harrington died when the subject of our sketch was about five years of age. His father died at Vineland, N. J., in 1869, at the age of 64 years.

Brookfield (Mass.) Academy, and began the study of medicine when 24 years of age, at Toulon, 111. He graduated from Rush Medical College, in the spring of 1875. After graduating he spent 1 8 months as resident physician at Cook County Hospital. He came to Warren County, in 1877, and located for the practice of his profession at Little York, where he remained upward of four years. In the spring of 1882, he went to Europe and spent one year in the various great hospitals of London, traveling through France and Italy. His numerous certificates and diplomas from the several distinguished institutions in which he practiced and studied while abroad, attest his industry and energy in the pursuit of professional knowledge. He returned to Monmouth in 1833, and at once took a prominent position in the very foremost ranks of the profession.

He was married at Little York, Warren County, Nov. 17, 1870, to Miss Martha Taylor, daughter of Dr. A. Taylor, and a native of Indiana. His four - children bear the names of Mabel, Grace, Paul and i Marion.

|.enry H. Kidder, engaged as an agriculturist on section 23 of Swan Township, where he is enjoying success in his vocation and is regarded as one of Warren County's substantial and well-to-do citizens, was born May 25, 1841, in this county. He is the son of Larnard Kidder, a native of Connecticut, having been born in that State in March. 1806, and emigrated to the State of Illinois in the year 1837. He located south of Youngstown. Before leaving his native State, in the year 1837, March 22, he was united in the holy bonds of matrimony with Miss Mary A. Hoisington, and they became the parents of seven children, as follows : Almon, William O., Henry H., Benjamin H., Nathaniel, Olive M. and Eliza A.

Henry H. married Miss Elizabeth Woods, Dec. 10, 1868 ; she was born June 20, 1838. Of this union four children have been born, namely: Lora D., born

Mr. Kidder is the proprietor of 218 acres of land, upon which he resides and is engaged in raising horses, hogs and cattle, making hogs a specialty. He has been very successful in his chosen vocation, agriculture, attributing it all to his own indomitable energy, economy and perseverance.

Mr. Kidder purchased 80 acres of land on section 23 of Swan Township. He moved here in 1867 and has resided here until the present. Under the second call for 300,000 troops to put down the Rebellion, by Abraham Lincoln, issued in July, 1861, Mr. Kidder responded by enlisting in Co. H, Second 111. Cav. The Company was organized at Macomb, 111., Capt. Walker commanding. The regiment was organized Aug. 12, and mustered into service; went into Camp Butler, at Springfield, 111. The regiment was ordered to the southern part of the State in September of the same year. Picketing along, the regiment was not attached to any brigade, but was under the immediate command of Lew Wallace ; then was attached to the 131!! Army Corps. The first engagement in which the regiment participated was at Union City, Tenn., then under command of Gen. Buford when that place was captured, and they acted as scouts, and skirmishers on the Black River; were at Vicksburg during the charge on the 23d of May, 1863, after which they were ordered to the department of New Orleans.

The subject of our sketch was furloughed for 60 days after the battle of Vicksburg. He received a wound in the left thigh at Mansfield, on the Red River expedition, when he was compelled to remain in the hospital for two months, being mustered out Aug. 12, 1864, at Baton Rouge, La. Coming to Springfield, he was paid off, and then returned home. Mr. Kidder now draws a pension on account of the wound received while fighting for his country. Since 1864, the time of his return home, he has been engaged in farming, principally raising stock

University, Galesburg, for two years, besides other excellent schools of learning. He studied the arts and sciences, and is a well educated man, as well as one of the prominent and representative citizens of this county. Politically, Mr. Kidder is identified with the Republican party.

avid B. Stewart is a farmer on section 6 of the township of Kelly. In 1855 he started from his home in Pennsylvania to seek a suitable place for a permanent location, and visited the States of Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska and Iowa. He concluded to locate in Illinois, and returned to his native State to make the necessary preparations. In the spring of 1856 he came to Warren County, and entered eighty acres of land on the south half of section 15 in Spring Grove Township. He, also bought 40 acres adjoining, where he built al house and proceeded to improve the property. He lived on that place until the winter of 1872, when he sold out and bought the property where he is at, present located. He is the owner of 151 acres of excellent land, all of it being in a good state of tillage and supplied with the requisite farm implements. The place is beautified by several varieties of trees. We are pleased to be able to present a view of the home place in this ALBUM on page 428.

Mr. Stewart was born Sept. 30, 1826, in Washington Co., Pa. Thomas Stewart, his father, was born in County Armagh, Ireland, and was a Presbyterian of Scotch descent. The latter was nine years of age when he accompanied his parents, Robert and Mary Stewart, to America. He was reared in Adams and Washington Counties in the Keystone State, and was married in the county last named. The lady whom he made his wife, Miss Mary Welch, was born in Adams Co., Pa., and they resided there until 1835, when they went to Moundville in West Virginia. Mr. Stewart bought a farm and was a resident there as long as he continued to live. His wife afterwards came to Illinois to see her children and died while in this State, in 1856. They had ri children, and five of them are still living : Robert and called the subscription school, because its exmarried a second time, his last wife being Sally Marpenses were defrayed by subscription. When he

County, and yet, aside from a few hundreds inherwas a son of Chancy and Anna (Gates) Hardited from his father, he has acquired it by his indiing,* natives of Connecticut and of old English devidual effort and industry.

"The father of Mr. Harding used the ({?) in his name in the early part of his life, but left it off about the same time as did his son. Chancy (see sketch), who is the only most the people here have been able to get out of him, in the way of public service, has been to push him into an aldermanship, and twice into the mayoralty. He has always been an ardent Republican and during the war he was an active supporter of the cause of the Union and good government.

After returning from the Legislature in New York, he resumed his farming operations. He was soon thereafter elected Justice of the Peace, and served the people in that capacity for several years. He was a member of the Board of Education for about 15 years, during his residence in Otsego County, and contributed to the best of his ability in fostering and encouraging general education. He was also a member of the Board of Education in, Monmouth for about 15 years.

At the time of the laying out of what is known as Haley's addition to the city of Monmouth, in connection with General Harding, the lots were divided and Mr. Harry G. Harding adopted what was 'then a new plan in this Western country, in getting his property into market. This was by selling lots and assisting many poor people to build small houses thereon, with the understanding that they should become owners after complying with the specified agreement. This was, that they should pay him a monthly installment of but little more than ordinary rent. By this arrangement the prudent and economical mechanic was enabled to secure a home. Mr. Harding in this way disposed of about roo lots, at prices ranging from $150 to $300 each, and also contributed largely to the building up of the city of Monmouth, as well as performing a most commendable act towards his fellow townsmen and neighbors. Careful business methods like these will naturally bring a fair financial return to their projectors. Mr. Harding also furnished most of the lumber with which to construct the dwelling, and in exceptional cases, where the man was very poor, he furnished all the lumber and gave long time for payment.

May 17, 1838, he was married, at Exeter, N. Y., to Salinda Brainard, a native of Otsego County, and daughter of Nathan Brainard. She died at Exeter, Aug. 15, 1843, leaving two sons - Delavan, who died soon after hr;r, and De Lloyd. On Nov, 17, 1844. Mr. Harding, at the same town, married Elvira C. Hubbard, daughter of Seth and Lucy (Swan) Hubbard, and had borne to him four children. Of his children, De Lloyd, the eldest son, married Mary

Bacon; they have one daughter, Elvira, now a young lady, who has been educated at Knoxville. The son resides near his parental home and owns a splendid farm of 225 acres, a mile from the city limits. He is principally engaged in stock dealing and farming. Fred E. was born Sept. 20, 1847, attended Monmouth College and completed his business education at Schenectady, N. Y. He is now Cashier of the Second National Bank of Monmouth. He was married to Lucy Nye, of that city. Frank W. was born March i, r84g, and was united in marriage with Nannie Davenport, of Monmouth. They have three daughters. He was educated at Monmouth College and is the Assistant Cashier of the Second National Bank, at Monmouth. Jennie I., born Sept. 4, 1885, died June 2, 1861. Willie, the youngest, was born Oct. 22, 1857, died Sept. 6, 1858.

Mr. Harding's life has been devoted to the prosecution of his business and the education of his chilcren. He has ever been careful and methodical in all his operations, and his course has won the esteem and respect of his neighbors. He is public-spirited and liberal, and any object having for its aim the advancement of the material or moral development of Monmouth or Warren County, finds in him an able and earnest supporter. We are pleased in being able to present a portrait of this good and prominentcitizen.

'illiam M. Lair, a well known farmer of Kelly Township, is the son of William Lair, one of the earliest pioneers of Warren County. The senior Lair was born in Warren County, Ky., April 3, 1797. His father was a German by birth and his mother was born in North Carolina. They were among the very first settlers in Warren Co., Ky., and their son, the father of the gentleman who is represented in this sketch, was the first white child born there. He was reared to be a farmer, and passed the whole of his youth in his native county. He was married there, Feb. 5, 1827, to Sarah R. Wallace. She was the daughter of William and Nancy (Smith) Wallace and was also a native of Warren Co., Ky. Her grandfather, Robert Wallace, came from Ireland. She was born May 8, 1809. In 1832 they left their native county with their family, setting out with their own conveyance, for the State of Illinois. They brought with them their household appurtenances and camped and cooked by the wayside. They were four weeks on the road. They passed a year on the Spoon River, in Knox County, and after reaching Warren County settled for a summer in Monmouth. Mr. Lair then bought land on section 30, in " Township 12, Range i,"now Kelly Township. He set about perfecting the arrangements common to pioneers, built a log house for the temporary accommodation of his household, and proceeded with all possible dispatch to the work of improving his claim. Soon after, the first log cabin was replaced by a doublehewed-log structure of goodly dimensions, which constituted their home until 1858. In that year the family removed to the southeast quarter of the same section and once more lived in a pioneer's cabin. This they inhabited until 1861. They then removed to a school-house, in which they lived six weeks, while their own house was in preparation. The new house was a commodious frame building, and was the home of the senior Lair during the remaining portion of his life. His demise took place April 7, 1872. Six of the children born to him and his wife (thirteen in all) are still living. They are Robert W., who married Mary A. Quinn, and to them were born four children, viz. : Annie, William, Addison and Fannie. Addison is deceased. Robert lives in Spring Grove Township. Harriet is the wife of Dvvight Corning, and is the mother of ten children; the names of the six living being Benjamin, Jennie, Jessie, Clark, Helen and Alice. The family reside in Crawford County, Kas. Helen is the wife of Samuel McKahan, and they are also residents of Crawford County, and the parents of five children, namely : Charley, May, Hattie, Aide and an infant deceased. Sarah E. married R. B. Ball. Rosa and Fielding F. are the names of their children. They reside in Rice County, Kas. Ella J. is the wife of Ferdinand Burtschy, a resident of Nodaway County, Mo. Four children were in their family - Etta, Ada, Freddie and Gracie. Freddy is deceased. The next in order of birth was William M., the subject of this notice. Catherine, who is now deceased, was the wife of James T. Gilmore. Fielding A. is also deceased, but had married Margaret S. Pedigo. Anna E., who is also deceased, became the wife oflrvin

William M. Lair was born on the homestead of his father, in Kelly Township, Feb. 5, 1853. He had the training and education of the farmers' sons of that period and, in connection with his mother, ably manages the estate left by his father. A view of the old homestead is given on page 428. He was married Aug. 2, 1876, to Nancy A. Pedigo. Their family now includes four children - Florence, Clark, Maggie and Robert. Mrs. Lair was born in Kentucky, in the same county in which her husband's parents were early settlers. The date of her birth was Sept. 4, 1857. She was the daughterof William and Elizabeth (Millegan) Pedigo, who were natives of Warren County, Ky. They came to this county about 1860, and settled in Kelly Township. The father died in 1872. His widow is still living and resides in Iowa. Mr. Pedigo had previously been married, by which union he had five children, and by his second marriage had ten children. Three of - the fifteen are deceased.

^amuel Marvin Eldred. was born in Fulton County, N. Y., Dec. 19, 1828. His parents John and Hannah (Fox) Eldred, were natives of Rhode Island. They spent most of their married life in New York. The father came to Illinois to see his children, and died while here at the advanced age of 75 years. The death of the mother occurred in 1864, at the home of her daughter in Michigan. Marvin Eldred remained at home until he was 21 years old, receiving, meantime, a good common-school education. He spent a few years in a lumber mill at Inghams' Mills, New York, until he decided to come West. He came to Illinois in 1852 and located in Roseville Township. He purchased 160 acres of land, and by subsequent investments increased his landed interests, making him the owner of 360 acres of good, valuable land.

In 1864 Mr. Eldred was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Chase, who was born in Princeville, Peoria County, Oct. 4, 1843. She was a daughter of S. P. and Ann (Houston) Chase, who were nativesof New

Hampshire. They removed to Peoria County, this State, in 1842, where they bought wild land. They succeeded in cultivating it and making a comfortable home, where the family remained until the death of Mr. Chase, which occurred in 1870. The demise of the mother occurred in 1875,31 the residence of her daughter, Mrs. Eldred.

The issue of the union of Mr. and Mrs. Eldred was one daughter, Anna May, born Oct 14, i86fc. The family lived upon the farm until 1874, when they removed to Roseville and the ensuing year purchased a lot on Main Street, and erected a residence upon it. Here Mr. Eldred resided until his death, which occurred Jan. 5, 1885.

Mr. Eldred was interested quite extensively in buying and feeding cattle for the market. He served his township as Supervisor and his village as Trustee. He was careful of his financial standing, and valued his word or any contract or verbal agreement as thoroughly binding as his bond, and, as was remarked, he" always paid 100 cents on the dollar." He was a strong Republican, and as a citizen and neighbor always kind to the poor and enterprising, and was recognized as one of the leading men in this part of Warren County.

eorge Jacob Kobler, born in Rhine, Bavaria, Germany, July 6, 1836, came to America in 1853. His parents, Henry and Anna Mary (Faath) Kobler, reared two sons and two daughters, George J. being the second in order of birth. Mr. Kobler, of this sketch, was fairly educated in his native country, where he learned the trade he has since so successfully followed, that of butchering. Landing first in New York city, Mr. Kobler proceeded at once to Buffalo, and thence to Cincinnati, where he spent one year, going from there to Louisville, St. Louis and Burlington, Iowa, and stopping some time in each place, up to the one last named, which claimed him as a citizen some three or four years. He was next in Mt. Pleasant, Iowa, probably two years, and the year 1860 found him in Monmouth. While at Mt. Pleasant, Mr. Kobler was married. Dec. 9, 1859, tp

Anna Mary Stenz, a native of Germany, and a daughter of Philip and Anna Mary (Myers) Stenz, who came to America when the daughter was only 6 years of age. Anna Mary grew to womanhood in Utica, N. Y., and from there accompanied her parents to Iowa.

Mr. and Mrs. Kobler have had six children - Mena, wife of Mr. E. Alexander, D.D., druggist at Alexis, 111.; Henry, Ella, Lula and Frederick, at home, and Mamie, deceased.

Mr. Kobler ranks among the substantial and highly respected citizens of Monmouth. He has been strictly honest and upright in all his transactions, and has conducted his business so successfully that he possesses a competency for himself and family.

J. Cayton, whose homestead comprises 360 acres of excellent farm land on sect'on 2I> Swan Township, was born in Edmonson Co., Ky., Sept. 22, 1830. His widowed mother came to Illinois when Andrew was three years old, and after residing one year in Morgan County, located in Swan Township, on section n. Abel Cayton, the father of our subject, was a native of Tennessee, his demise having occurred in Kentucky. He married Miss Lively Harrington, who was born in the State of Kentucky in 1808. They became the parents of four children, - Nancy, George, Andrew J. and Maranda. George and Nancy are deceased.

Mr. Andrew J. Cayton belongs to the pioneers of Warren County, having passed his boyhood and mature years in this county. In 1856 he purchased 60 acres on section 21, on which was built a small frame house. All the improvements that are now upon his land, are the result of his own industry and skillful management. He married Miss Nancy C. Lieurance, Nov. 12, 1857, She was a native of Illinois, where she was born in 1837, and bore her husband three children, - Clarence A., born Jan. 14, 1859; Jed. O., in i86i,and Lewis Grant, in 1863. Clarence is the only survivor. He is in the mercantile business in Youngstown. He married Miss Abby Johnson. Mrs. Cayton died in December, 1862, and Mr. Cayton married a second wife, Miss Mary Eliza

Clevenger, in 1865. She bore him one child, - Mary Eliza, who died in infancy, and in 1866, the mother also was carried to her final resting place.

Mr. Andrew J. Cayton formed a third matrimonial alliance, Feb. 15, 1873, with Miss Ruby L. Bond, who was born June 30, 1827, in Morgan Co., 111. She is a daughter of Major John C. Bond, a native of South Carolina, where he was born in December, 1799. He died May 22, 1882. In 1827 he came to Illinois, and located in Morgan County, and was married to Miss Mary Grimsley,in 1817, she also being a native of the Sunny South, where she was born in 1790. Of their union, five children were born, - Susan C., born August, 1819; William G., April 2, 1821 ; Ann, who died in infancy; Jesse W., born in September, 1826, and Ruby L., born June 30, 1827. Mrs. Bond died in Morgan County, this State, in 1828. Mr. Bond was a Democrat in political affiliations. Religiously, he was a member of the Christian Church.

Mr. A. J. Cayton's farm of 360 acres is under the finest improvement and cultivation. He has 15 head of thoroughbred Short-horn cattle; has a fine house and barn, with other necessary outbuildings upon his land, his house being a two story, 45 x 50 feet in dimensions, with a good cellar under the entire building. Owing to his own indomitable energy, perseverance and economy, Mr. Cayton has now sufficient of this world's good to enable him to spend the sunset of his life in ease and comfort. Besides his farm, to which he devotes considerable of his time, he owns a fine vein of coal about 36 inches thick. Religiously, Mr. Cayton is a member of the Christian Church, and in his political opinions, he affiliates with the Democratic party.

^lizabeth Van Tuyl, residing upon section 3, Tompkins Township, this county, is the widow of Isaac Van Tuyl. He was born in New Jersey, May 31, 1808, and his parents were Michael and Sophia (Coberly) Van Tuyl, natives of New Jersey. Michael Van Tuyl was born March 17, 1775. Sophia Coberly was born Nov. 10, '1782; they were married Dec. 9, 1797.

The parents moved from their native State to Ohio in 1814. The father was a farmer by occupation and was the proprietor of 1,280 acres of land, besides a saw and grist mill, in the Buckeye State. There he resided, following his chosen vocation, until his death, in 1848 ; the death of his wife occurred in March, 1857.

Isaac Van Tuyl, husband of the subject of this notice, remained at home until 1847, where, in his younger years, he attended the common school and assisted his father, and later became a partner with his father and elder brother. In the year mentioned, he sold his interest and moved northeast of Dayton, Ohio, where he purchased 160 acres of good farm land, on which he located and for six years was engaged in its cultivation. He then sold it, and, in 1854, came to this State and settled in Biggsville Township, Henderson County, where he became the owner of 200 acres of land. On this latter tract he lived for 12 years, cultivating and improving it, and then sold the same and came to this county, where he purchased 15254 acres on section 3, Tompkins Township, which acreage he afterward increased by an additional purchase of 480 acres in the same township and 160 acres in Henderson County. He moved on his land in Tompkins Township and was engaged in its improvement and cultivation until his death, which took place in 1880.

The first marriage of Mr. Van Tuyl was with Miss Sarah A. Williams, and they had five children, three of whom are living, and named, Michael, Anna and Sophia. The deceased are Lewis W. and Sarah. Lewis enlisted in the loth 111. Vol. Inf., August, 1 86 1. He remained in the service during the war, and participated in 13 different engagements. Among the most noticeable was Island No. 10, Lookout Mountain, Nashville, and he was with Gen. Sherman when he made his great march to the sea. He enlisted as a private and was mustered out as First Lieutenant, passing through the whole period of the war and not receiving a wound. He was accidentally killed by being shot with a gun while in Texas, in 1869. Asher D. and John I. were both in the service, John I. serving three years in the 83d 111. Vol. Inf. He was wounded at Fort Donelson. Asher D. was in the 1041)1 Ohio Vol. Inf., Co. F, and served one year, participating in several battles, the most notable being the battle of the Wilderness. James Morgan, the husband of Anna VanTuyl, was also engaged in the war, as First Lieutenant of Co. F, 83d 111. Vol. Inf. He participated in the battle of Fort Donelson, serving his country three years. Henry Francis, husband of Addeliza Van Tuyl (child of second wife), was in the 83d 111. Vol. Inf., serving three years. Geo. M. Jamison, husband of Sophia Van Tuyl, was a member of Co. K, 84th 111. Vol. Inf., having served one year and being discharged on account of sickness.

The second wife of Mr. Van Tuyl was Mrs. Elizabeth A. bhauman, formerly the wife of Isaac Shauman, by whom she had two children, both sons - Asher D. and John I. By her union with Mr. Van Tuyl eight children were born, namely : Addeliza, Henry, Lucy B., Ella K., William E., Alexander H., May and A. Elmer. Michael Van Tuyl, son by the first marriage, married Fannie Phillips, and they had three children, two of whom survive - Luella and Frank R. Lewis Edward died July 31, 1880; Anna, daughter of the first marriage, became the wife of James Morgan, and to them two children have been born - Flora and Lewis H., both of whom are deceased, the former dying June 13, 1885, and the latter Oct. 7, 1869. Sophia, second daughter of the first marriage, became the wife of George M. Jamison, and to them five children have been born. Their oldest child, Lewis, died April 27, 1863, and those remaining are Frederick, Blanche, Herbert and Howard. Asher D. Shauman, first son of Mrs. Van Tuyl's first marriage, was united in marriage with Laura Swihart, and to them four children were born - Hallie, Harry, Harvey and Willie. The first wife of Asher died in April, 1882, and he was again married, to Miss Mary Brown. John I. Shauman, second son of the first marriage of Mrs. Van Tuyl, formed a matrimonial alliance with Emily Claybaugh, and to them four children have been born. Their eldest child, Birdie, is deceased, and the names of the others are William W., Lewis V. T. and Emma A. Addeliza Van Tuyl was united in marriage with Henry Francis, and their family comprised seven children. The demise of their eldest, Nellie M., occurred Jan. 28, 1869. Lewis V. T., Ralph, Lucy B., Laura, May E. and Henrietta still survive. Henry Van Tuyl married Sophronia A. Reed, by whom he had four children - George, Olive M., William and Lewis H. William is deceased. Ella K. Van Tuyl married Henry Boston, and they became the parents of seven children - John I., Eugene, Ann E., Ira L.,

Mrs. Van Tuyl was born Jan. 15. 1824, in Germantown, Montgomery Co. Ohio. Since the death of her husband she has remained on the old homestead and, with the assistance of her four youngest children, two sons and two daughters, manages and cultivates the same. The parents of Mrs. Van Tuyl were Asher and Catherine (Cox) Davis. Mr. Davis was born in 1797 and Mrs. D. in 1800. They were natives of New Jersey and Maryland respectively, and were married in 1819. They came to this State in 1865 and settled in Henderson County, where they continued to reside until their deaths, which occurred in February, i88r, and June 9, 1875, respectively.

illiam R. Thorn, a settler in Warren County of 1855, is a resident on section 9 of Spring Grove Township. He is a native of Indiana and was born in Jennings County July 24, 1819. He is of Scotch-Irish origin. William D. Thorn, his father, was a native of the State of Kentucky. He removed from Scott County to Indiana in 1818. He was a pioneer in Jennings County in the Hoosier State and bought a large tract of land which was covered with timber. He built a log house and improved a farm. In that pioneeer home the subject of this sketch was born. In 1832 the family removed to Jefferson County and later to Rush County, where the father died, in 1860. The maiden name of the mother of Mr. Thorn was Elizabeth Rankin. She was born in Woodford Co., Ky., and after she was widowed by the death of her husband, she came to Warren County and passed the remaining years of her life in the care of her son. Her death took place in 1869. Three of the seven children of whom she became the mother are still living. Ann Eliza is the widow of M. A. Thompson, who lost his life in a skirmish in the Civil War, in the vicinity of Fort Donelson. John D. lives in Spring Grove Township.

Ky. The newly married people located on land owned by the senior Thorn in Rush County, and that was his field of operation until 1851, when he engaged in mercantile business in Mill Roy in the same county. After a commercial experience of three years, he resumed the profession of a farmer. In the autumn of 1855 he removed to Illinois. He passed the first winter in the west part of the township in which he now resides, where he obtained the use of a vacant house. Meanwhile he bought a portion of prairie land on section 9, and in the course of the winter erected a frame house on his place. In the spring of 1856, he and his family removed to their own home, and it has since been the family homestead. The farm is favorably situated for farming purposes and is watered by flowing streams. It has also natural groves. Mr. Thorn raises stock and grain.

Seven children were born to him and his wife, and of the number four are now living. Mary A. is mar- ' ried to Robert F. Mulinx and they settled in Taylor Co., Iowa. George W. resides in Page Co., Iowa. Lizzie H. is the wife of William L. Douglass, also of Page Co., Iowa. Alma A. is the wife of Frank N. White, also of Taylor County. The parents are connected in membership with the United Presbyterian Church.

The father and mother of Mrs. Thorn, George and Esther (Palmer) Matthews, were born respectively in Washington Co., Pa., and the State of New Jersey. They were among the earliest settlers of Fleming Co., Ky., and removed about 1850 to Boone Co., Ind., where they passed the remaining years of their lives. She is of Irish extraction.

fohn Miles, deceased, was a pioneer of Kelly Township of 1830, being one of the first to locate in that township. He. made his claim on section 25. He was more fortunate than many of the pioneers in that he possessed both oxen and horses, and after building his cabin of logs he proceeded to the work of improving his claim. During the first year he broke quite a quantity of land, and succeeded in raising a good crop of corn and a fair quantity of vegetables. When the Black Hawk War broke out, he joined the " Regulators.'" For the services he rendered in that decisive conflict, the Government of the United States gave him a patent of 160 acres of land.

Mr. Miles was born in Hardin Co., Ky., Oct. 2, 1794. His parents removed to Harrison Co., Ind., when he was 1 2 years of age, and there he passed the remaining years of his youth. On attaining to the age of manhood, he studied law, and was admitto the Bar of Indiana, at Corydon in Harrison County. He went to New Albany, in Floyd County, and opened his career as an attorney there, where he remained and engaged in his profession until 1829. He came then to Illinois and passed the. first winter in that part of Sangamon County which now belongs to the county of Menard. He remained there until the spring of 1830, when he came to Warren County as has been stated.

After the termination of the hostilities of the Black Hawk War, he was at once admitted to the Bar of his adopted State and practiced law to a limited extent, at the same time giving his attention to the improvement of his land. He was prominent in local affairs * from the first, and was elected the first Justice of the Peace in the part of the county where he resided. He was the first Supervisor of the township. He was active and energetic, and always accomplished a great amount of other business while improving a large farm and erecting a good set of frame buildings thereon. He died May 23, 1872.

In 1822, Mr. Miles was married to Sarah Froman. She was born Jan. 21, 1800, in Indiana. Their children numbered 1 2 and nine of them are now living. Harriet married Samuel Brown, and they located in Vancouver, Washington Territory. Mary is the wife of J. I. Myers, a citizen of Marshall, 111. Evaline is the widow of George Weir, a resident of Bourbon Co., Kan. Henry C. is a farmer and business man of the township of Cold Brook : a full account of his connection with the development of this part of the State of Illinois is given on other pages of this volume. Joseph W. and Fielding are residents of Willes, Kan. James F. lives in Brunson in that State. John J. is an attorney-at-law in Ashland, Wis. Sarah J. is the wife of Theodore F. Bullman, who is the manager of the Miles homestead. (See sketch.) Their mother died June 14, 1855.

\ alvin W. Postlewait, is a prominent merchant of Alexis, and has lived in or near that place since he was a small child. He was born Oct. 8, 1845, in Huntington Co., Pa., and in nationality is of mixed extraction. His father, Matthew F. Postlewait, was of German and English parentage, and the paternal grandmother was a Campbell and of Scotch-Irish descent. His mother, Mary J. Yocum, was of Irish descent on the maternal side,and German on the paternal. Both parents were born in Pennsylvania. On coming to Mercer County in 1847, the family located in the township of Suez. They settled on a farm, and were among the first of the permanent settlers in that locality.

At the time the father purchased the farm but 10 acres had been placed in tillage, and there was a small log house on the place. The small acreage that had been broken was also fenced. The new owner broke a few acres additional, and was the occupant of the place until 1856. He then sold it and bought another in the township of Rivola, in the same county, and is yet the occupant of the place. It includes 145 acres, all under excellent tillage. The senior Postlewait is also owner of 80 acres in the township of North Henderson.

The son, who is the subject of this sketch, is the oldest of the male children in the father's family, and he was reared on the farm after the manner common to the training of the sons of farmers in a new country. He obtained a fair education in the public schools, and was afterward sent for a time to a select school in the same township where he lived. At the age of 20 he commenced teaching. He followed that business principally for five years, and then obtained employment in a store as a clerk.

He held his position at New Windsor until 1874, when he was appointed Deputy County Clerk, and removed to Aledo. He continued to reside in that place two years, and in 1876 formed a partnership in business with S. T. Gibson and H. R. Gilliland. They established themselves as general merchants at Alexis, under the firm name of Gibson, Postlewait & Co. The senior member of the firm was the gentleman with whom Mr. P. clerked. They conducted their affairs jointly until 1879. In that year Mr. Gibson sold his interest, and the style of the reconstructed house was C. W. Postlewait & Co., until r882, when another change was effected by the sale of his interest by Mr. Gilliland to William Durston. In March, 1885, Mr. Postlewait became sole proprietor by the purchase of the claim of his partner, and has since managed the business alone, in which he is now engaged extensively and prosperously.

Matilda E. Durston became the wife of Mr. Postlewait May 22, i876,and they haveone child, named Orion. The mother was born in Mercer County, and is the daughter of James and Philadelphia (Bridger) Durston. Her parents were pioneers of Mercer County in 1837. They /were both natives of England, and removed to Mercer Co., 111., in 1837, and they both died there.

arker S. Jones, owning 80 acres of land on section 35, Tompkins Township, where he is following the vocation of an agriculturist, was born in Washington County, Virginia, July 28, 1848, his parents being Calvin and Rebecca (McQuown) Jones, natives of the same county and State in which their son was born. They moved from their native State to Illinois, and located in Henderson County, on a farm, in 1854, and at present reside on section 34, Tompkins Township, this county.

Parker S. Jones, whose name heads this notice, received a fair education in the common schools, and remained with his parents until six years after attaining his majority. After leaving home he continued the occupation which he had followed from boyhood, and soon thereafter bought 80 acres of land on section 32, Tompkins Township, and on which he was located some seven years. He then sold the married Emma Wealing. Stephen H. was born July 2, 1844; he died two days alter birth. Mary E., was born Aug. 28, 1846; she married Joseph Gates and lives in Wisconsin. Jeremiah was born Aug. 28, 1848, and lives in Henderson County; he married Clara Thompson. Royal F. was born in December, 1850, and died on the 3oth day of the same month. Joseph was born Nov. 29, i85r, and died Dec. 30, 1855. Royal G. was born Sept. i, 1854.

The Ranney family are of English origin, coming to this country about the year 1750. They were quite prominent during the Revolutionary War, three of the family taking part. One was killed at the storming of Stony Point, under the command of General Wayne. (See history of the revolution). Stephen Ranney was made Colonel of the militia after the Revolutionary War. At the breaking out of the war - of 1812 he was commissioned General. He also had a son, Johnson Ranney, who took part in the same war.

Mr. Ranney 's son, R. G. Ranney, is an extensive dealer in fine stock. He has the finest herd of Hereford Cattle in the several surrounding counties. It consists of over 80 head of thoroughbreds and grades. His bull, Favorite, at the head of his herd, No. 6,952 English Herd Book; 12,507, vol. 4, American Herd Book, was imported by George Morgan, in the year 1882, from Herefordshire, England, and to-day is considered one of the finest animals in this country.

eorge G. McCosh, the editor of the Evening Gazette came to Monmouth in 1872, after serving an enlistment of about four years in the volunteer service and in the United States army. From the date of his honorable discharge from the army until the time of his arriv.,1 in Monmouth, he worked at the printer's case in the offices of several prominent journals, including the Galveston (Texas) Daily News. His first employment in Monmouth was in the capacity of a journeyman printer, the greater

The Roseville Gazette, a weekly paper, was founded by Mr. McCosh May 24, 1876, and published without interrupticn until about a year from that date, when it was changed to the Monmouth Gazette, also a weekly. For four or five months in the fall of 1880 there was published in connection therewith a daily, which at the time of its suspension contained the statement that it would be resumed at an early date. The fulfillment of this announcement was accomplished Jan. 23, r883, the date of the first issue of the Evening Gazette, the Monmouth Gazette being continued as a weekly.

The success of the new daily was immediate and decided, and its prosperity has been uninterrupted. Considering its age and location, its career has been phenomenal. Its excellent reputation, large circulation and prosperous condition in every respect, are results that have been attained through the vigor, perseverance, sound judgment and fixed purpose of its founder. The Evening Gazette has been from the start an independent journal. The best verdict regarding the propriety of its course is the general confidence of the people which it has continually enjoyed and which is to be won only by frankness and honesty. In the short period of three years, its circulation rose to between 10,000 and 12,000 a week, its influence increasing with its circulation. Mr. McCosh has directed its course without once losing sight of the object to be attained, in which enterprise he has been seconded at every move by the people of Warren and neighboring counties, and he is able to furnish the readers of the Evening Gazette as good a daily as is published in any city of less than 25,000 population in the United States. In the work of building up the Evening Gazette, Mr. McCosh has been ably assisted by his associate editor, Mr. Cyrus J. Wood, formerly of the Rochester (N. Y.) Herald, who removed to Monmouth in the autumn of 1883.

Mr. McCosh was born in Pittsburg, Pa., April -!, 1846, and was seventh in order of birth of a family of six sons and three daughters, the children of Robert and Margaret (Armstrong) McCosh. The McCosh family is of Scotch descent. George Mc- Cosh entered the printing office of W. S. Haven, at Pittsburg, as an apprentice, in 1859, and served while there under the direction of Mr. George Nor-

Religiously, Mr. McCosh was reared a United Presbyterian, of which Church his mother, at the advanced age of 76 years, is a devout member, in the city of Burlington, Iowa. Mr. McCosh's father was a carpenter of limited means, strictly honorable and upright in all his dealings, and he taught his children like principles of conduct. He died at Pittsburgh in 1863, bequeathing to his children the rich legacy of an unsullied name. His son George, received only a meagre school education, the advantages of which have of necessity been supplemented by close study at the printer's case and in the office.

George McCosh was married April 14, 1875, to the daughter of .Deputy-Sheriff C. Coates, Miss Cora Coates, by whom he has two children - Nettie Harding and Harry Thomson McCosh.

Mr. McCosh is not only one of the leading journalists of the State, but is one of Warren County's most enterprising and valuable citizens. He is an earnest and fearless advocate of what he feels is * right, and his able efforts, both through the columns of his paper and personally, are faithfully devoted to upbuilding his city and the prosperity of Warren County. As a prominent representative, both of his profession and of the business element of this county, the publishers take pleasure in presenting the portrait of Mr. McCosh in this ALBUM. It is engraved from a photograph recently taken.

illiam A. Allen has been from childhood a resident of the township of Sumner, in Watren County. He came here with his parents in 1839, and was then nine years of age. He was born in Preble Co , Ohio, Feb. 22, 1830. Andrew Allen, his father, was a native of South Carolina and was born in 1801. He was of Scotch-Irish descent, both his parents being the children of parents of that race of people. Their respective families located in South Carolina, where they were married. They were dissatisfied in a community where slave-holding was prevalent, and they removed to Ohio early in the igth century. Their son Andrew was then very young. The family were among the earliest of the permanent settlers in Preble County. The grandsire of Mr. Allen, of this sketch, was a soldier in the war of 1812, and died in Monroe County, Ind. Andrew Allen, his son, was reared to manhood in Ohio, and married Sarah Giles. She was also a native of the State of South Carolina. After their marriage they located in Preble County, and were there resident until 1832. In that year they emigrated to Indiana. They located in Clinton County, where they were pioneers. Mr. Allen bought Government land, which was covered with heavy timber, built a hewed-log house and began the work of clearing a farm. He was convinced that there were better opportunities farther West, and, accordingly, in 1839, started with his wife and five children for Illinois. The party had one wagon and three horses and they traveled after the gypsy fashion, which was then the prevalent method. They halted on the Sabbath and held religious services. A journey of four weeks brought them to \Varren County. Mr. Allen bought the northeast quarter of section 10, township 12, range 3, which is now named Sumner Township. The place was in a state of nature, and the new proprietor erected a log house and commenced the work of improving the land. A good frame house replaced the primitive cabin of the pioneer, and the whole farm was transformed into a desirable and valuable homestead, and such was its office until the death of the wife and mother, when Mr. Allen sold the place and went to live with his daughter, Mrs. Mary S. Rogers. His wife died in August, 1857, and his demise occurred Feb. 7, 1881. Following is the record of their children: John H. lives in Monmouth ; William A. is the second child ; Margaret C. is the wife of Marion Jamison, of Furness Co., Neb.; Nancy A. and Robert B. are deceased ; Mary S. married Nicholas Rogers, of Sumner Township.

Mr. Allen, of this sketch, was nine years of age when his parents removed to Illinois. He passed the years of his minority in the manner common to the sons of pioneer farmers and made his home with his parents until his marriage, when he located on seciion 4, of Sumner Township.

Eliza J. Stewart became the wife of William A. Allen April 6,1852. She was born in Washington Co., Pa., and is the daughter of Robert C. and Mary A. (Kirk) Stewart. Five of their children are still living. Florence E. is married to James C. Robb, of Mercer County ; Mary is the wife of Kenneth Whitman, a resident of Keithsburg ; Robert lives in Sumner Township; he married Mary R. Choat, and they have one child ; Elizabeth Y. and William Linas are the youngest two. Jennie, the fourth child in order of birth, was removed by death at the age of two years. Emma was the last born and died at the age of two years. The father and mother and all the children, with the exception of the youngest, are members of the United Presbyterian Church.

Mr. Allen entered the military service of his country during the war of the Rebellion. He enlisted in September, 1862, in Co. I, 501)1 111. Vol. Inf., and accompanied the regiment to Missouri. He was in the battle of Fort Djnelson. He was in the service a year and was discharged on account of disability to do military duty, in September, 1863. He has never recovered the former vigor and strength which was once his best possession.

The parents of Mrs. Allen were of Scotch-Irish origin, the grandparents coming to this country when quite young and settling in Washington Co., Pa.

"ohn A. Miller is a farmer and breeder of stock in Kelly Township, and is located on section i. He is a native citizen of the township of which he is an important business factor and in which he was born Aug. i, 1842. Christian Miller, his father, was born in East Tennessee, Aug. 31, 1807, and removed with his parents to Indiana when he was in his youth. His father, George Miller, bought a quantity of land situated about three miles from Crawfordsville, where he cleared a farm and lived until 1832. In that year he removed to Illinois and was the pioneer settler at Sugar Grove in Mercer County. Millersburg, which bears the family name, was named for the first settler in that part of Mercer County. In 1850, George Miller again yielded to the inspiration of the pioneer spirit which controlled him throughout his life, and turned his face toward the setting sun. He crossed the plains to the Pacific Coast and was a pioneer in the valley of the Willamette in that territory. He lived there a few years and went into the interior of Oregon, where he remained until his death, at the age of 96. He was a nimrod of more than ordinary pretensions, and killed deer with his rifle after he was a nonogenarian. Abraham Miller, one of his sons, now 90 years of age, was the first Clerk of Mercer County.

Chrislian Miller passed the major portion of his boyhood and youth in Indiana. He was married there Sept. 6, 1833, to Mary Brown. He came to Illinois in 1832, and located for a short time at Henderson's Grove, in Knox County ; afterwards he removed to Edwards' River in Mercer County, where he continued to reside until 1839. The removal of his family to Warren County was then effected, and he made a settlement on section i, Kelly Township, where he erected a log house and occupied the pioneer cabin while he put his land in shape for profitable cultivation. He afterwards built a good frame house, which was his home as long as he lived. He died July 28, 1869. Five of the children born to him and his wife are still living: Jane is the wife of Leonard W. Edelman, who resides in the township of North Hendersou, Mercer County, and of whom a sketch is given on another page; Samuel Miller lives at Alexis ; George is a resident of Atchison, Kan. ; John A. is the manager of the homestead; B. Frank lives in Alexis. Mrs. Miller died in 1856. She was bo_rn in Ohio, Sept. 6, 1812. After the death of his first wife, the father married Mrs. Sarah Dean, who was a native of Indiana and is now living in Page Co., Iowa Samuel and Jane Brown, the maternal grandparents of Mr. Miller of this sketch, were pioneers of Knox County.

John A. Miller passed the entire period of his youth in the township where he was born. He was reared on the family homestead and received his education in the common schools. He was among the first to enroll himself in the military service in the first year of the Rebellion, and enlisted Aug. 6, 1 86 1, in Co. A, load 111. Vol. Inf. The command joined the army in Kentucky and also went into Tennessee. Feb. 18, 1862, Mr. Miller was discharged on account of inability to perform military duty. He returned to his home and resumed his former vocation of farmer on the homestead, of which he has since been the continuous occupant, with the exception of a single year passed at Galesburg, where he was for that time variously occupied. He is now owner of the homestead and also the owner of 80 acres formerly included in the farm known as the Allen Brojvn estate in the township of North Henderson, Mercer County.

The marriage of Mr. Miller to Mary, daughter of Harvey and Mary (Lofton) Gregg, of Knox County, took place Sept. 29, 1869. Mabel, their only child, was born May n, 1881. Mr. and Mrs. Miller have had four children ; the three first-born died within one year. Maud was eight years old at the time of her decease; Ethel died at 18 months; an infant died unnamed.

ton Calvin M. Rodgers. In presenting this biographical notice of the career of one of the leading men of Warren County, and a gentleman who is thoroughly representative of its progressive elements, we deem it our duty to first briefly advert to the life-story of those from whom he draws his origin.

When about 35 years old he emigrated to this country with his wife and settled in Pennsylvania. Soon after his arrival in the country of his adoption his wife died, and he was re-married to Isabel Ireland, a lady of Irish origin. One child was the offspring of the first union, a boy, Thomas. His second wife bore to him a large family, seven in number, namely : John, Aleri, Aniel, William, Alexander, Samuel, Margaret and Irene.

Aleri, the third son of John Rodgers, was the father of the subject of this notice, and was born in Rockbridge Co., Va., in 1785, whence his father had removed from Pennsylvania a few years previously. He grew to manhood at home, and after his marriage still remained under the parental roof-tree, and was thenceforth never separated from his parents, who passed the declining years of their lives under his protection. In his will, the grandfather of our subject, who was a man of some pretensions to scholarly attainments, bequeathed his library, which was considered in those days one of the best in Virginia, and consisted largely of classical works, to Washington and Lee Colleges, of Virginia. Some of his books of which he made special bequests are still treasured by his descendants.

The father of our subject married Mary Davidson, a native of Rockbridge County, and the daughter of John and Mary Davidson, people of Scotch-Irish descent. Four children were born to them in Virginia, John, William, Andrew and Alexander.

During the year 1814, Aleri, with the rank of First Lieutenant, together with Aniel and one other brother, entered the service of their country, and remained until the close of the war.

In the year 1822, the father of our subject, with his family, emigrated to the West, settling in Monroe Co., Mo. The journey was performed overland in their own conveyance, and, passing through the States of Virginia, Tennessee, Kentucky and Illinois, they reached St. Louis, at that remote period but a small village, finally arriving at their destination after a long and tedious journey of three months. The father of the family settled with his little flock on a half section of land near Florida, Monroe Co., which had previously been entered by Col. Benton, of St. »] Louis. He soon increased his domain to 600 acres, but with the many disadvantages attendant upon wresting a living from the soil in that very early day, he became dissatisfied with his location and determined to seek a new one. His family had in the meantime been increased by six children, who were, Mary, Joseph, Phcebe, Isabel, Samuel and Calvin M. In the year 1836, we accordingly find him settled in Hale Township, Warren County. Here he had purchased a tract of 400 acres, upon which he erected a home, where the remaining years of his life were passed, his death occurring in December, 1863. The mother of our subject survived until the year 1880.

In this connection it is proper to say that to Aleri Rogers, along with his brother Andrew, especial honor and credit is due for having introduced the first reaping machine brought West of the Alleghenies. It was of the McCormick pattern, and was shipped from Lynchburg, Va., via Richmond, New Orleans and up the Mississippi to Oquawka, 111., and thence by wagon to the old Rogers homestead in Hale Township. The day of its trial was a memorable one in the annals of the community, as well as

Hon. Calvin M. Rodgers, the subject of this sketch, was born on the isth of February, 1835, in Monroe Co., Mo. He remained under the parental roof-tree until he had attained his majority, when he was married. After this event he took charge of the homestead, and also entered into the active management of his father's affairs. The early days of Mr. Rodgers were passed much as those of the ordinary farm boy of the period, working hard during the busy season of the summer, and acquiring such limited educational facilities as the district school afforded, during the dull winter months. During the winter months of 1853 and 1854)16 attended Knox College.

He was married to Miss Eliza A. Paine, Nov. 27, 1858. She is the daughter of Charles and Parthenia (Mason) Paine, her mother being a near relative . of ex-President Garfield's wife. To the parents of Mrs. Rodgers were born six children : Amanda married Robert Gibson, and is living at Monmouth ; their second daughter, Emily, who is the widow of Nathaniel Brownlee, also resides there ; Lucretia is the wife of H. F. Murrell, and lives in Avon, Fulton Co., 111. ; Charles H. married Sophia Hopper, and removed to the far Northwest, where he is now settled in Kings Co., Washington Territory ; the second son, John E., married Miss Ann Turnbull, and is settled in Sumner Township, this county ; Eliza, the youngest child, and the wife of the subject of this notice, was born in Sumner Township, Nov. n, 1837.

The subject of this notice has for thirty years been a leading citizen of Warren County. He was elected to his first office in 1856, when but 21 years of age. He has been School Trustee of his Township almost continuously up to the present time. For two terms he has served as Commissioner of Highways, representing Hale Township and for five years has been Supervisor. In 1882 he was chosen by the Republican party as their candidate for the Legislature, from the 27th District, comprising Warren and Mc- Donough counties. Mr. Rodgers' position in this contest was unique. Unlike the majority of political aspirants, he was not a seeker for office, but submitting to the unanimous desire of his constituents he became a candidate. He was elected by a handsome majority. He was again elected to the 34th General Assembly in 1884.

Mr. Rodgers was one of the memorable 103 who stood by John A. Logan during the Senatorial contest of that session, and was a stanch supporter of his candidate from the beginning until he finally received the necessary majority.

The subject of this sketch claims that his success in life may be credited to a kind Providence, good parents, a discriminating public and clever friends, along with some persistent effort of his own.

.ori Isaac L. Christie, retired farmer and a resident of Monmouth, is a native of Jefferson Co., Ind., where he was born Dec. , n, 1825. His father, James Christie, was a Virginian, and served his country valiantly during the war of 1812. His great ancestor was James Christie, who came to America from Ireland, and settled in Lancaster, Lnncaster Co., Pa., in the early part of the i8th century. Like 90 per cent, of his countrymen, his dislike for the British admitted of no discussion when it came to the question of loyalty to the crown or to the colonies. But when the great struggle came, that struggle which was to mark the beginning of a new era, the elder Christie had grown too old to participate, and to his only child, named for himself, he said "Go," and the son, James Christie, went forth, and from the beginning to the ending of the Revolutionary War, he fought against the "red coats."

Isaac L. Christie was educated at the common schools of Indiana, where he was brought up to farming. He came to Warren County, in 1864, and lived upon his farm in Lenox Township up to 1877, when he retired from agricultural labor and took up his abode in the city of Monmouth. Since coming

Before leaving Indiana he held some minor offices, but he was never termed a politician. In 1874, he was elected as an Independent to represent Warren and McDonough counties in the Illinois Legislature, being nominated atBushnell without even his knowledge or consent. During the Legislature of 1875- 76, the Independents held the balance of power in that body, and as Mr. Christie was one of the leaders ofi that delegation it may be presumed that the two old parties found occasion to wish he had remained on the farm. Formerly he was a Republican, but in 1878 he identified himself with the Independents, and has since voted and worked as best suited his fancy.

The engraving upon a heavy silver-headed cane in Mr. Christie's possession tells the following history, and is well worthy mentioning in this connection. The John Hanks mentioned was a relative of Mr.

Mr. Christie was married at Madison, Indiana, May 20, 1852, to Miss Louisa Wilson, and has had born to him six children : George P., connected with the United States army as a printer; Sarah Antonette; Ann Elizabeth; Fannie, born Dec. 12, 1869, died Dec., 1878; Clara Louisa, born June 25, 1875, died Dec., 1878; and Mary Emma, who was the second child in order of birth, was buried in July, 1857, less than one year old.

Charles T. Page is senior member of the firm of Page & Pinkerton, dealers in hardware, stoves and furniture, and manufacturers and jobbers of tinware, at Monmouth himself and partner being the successors to a business established by Chancy Hardin in the early history of Monmouth. Mr. Hardin sold out to M. C. Churchill, who sold the business to Mr.

Page in 1874. Mr. Pinkerton came into the firm in 1876, at which time the trade was simply in hardware and stoves. In 1879 they added furniture and at this writing their business in that line is the largest in the city.

Mr. Page was born at Hillsdale, Mich., April 18, 1849. His parents. Rev. William and Frances (Durand) Page, natives of Connecticut, were married in York State, removed to Michigan and subsequently to Rockford, 111., where the senior Mr. Page died, in 1856. His widow resides at this writing (October, 1885), with her eldest son at Ft. Wayne, Ind.

Charles T. Page was educated at Rockford, and, when about 19 years of age, was employed by the Winnebago National Bark, at that place, as bookkeeper. He remained there four years and went to Chicago as assistant cashier of the Home National Bank, a position he filled two years, coming thence to Monmouth. '

He married at Alexis, this State, Sept. 18, 1876, Miss Bertha Alexander, daughter of John E. Alexander, and the two children born of this union are named respectively Mary Florence and Edna. Mr. and Mrs. Page are members of the Presbyterian Church.

illiam St. Glair Matson is a farmer on section 2, of Sumner Township, and came to Warren County in 1865. He is a native of the State of Maryland and was born in Fredericktown, Aug. 31, 1823. His parents, George and Jane (Barr) Matson, came West when he was but two years old and located in Ohio. They were early settlers of Muskingum County and were both of English descent. The mother died when William was 12 years old and he afterwards resided with a neighbor named Robert Linn, who entered into an agreement to clothe, board and send him to school. The opportunities he had for the latter were of practically no account and after five years he terminated the relations he held with Mr. Linn. During the chief portion of the succeeding year he attended school. After that, until he was 20, he was variously employed, and he then engaged with a merchant tailor, of Bridgeville, Ohio, and Mr. Matson remained with him 18 months. When he had acquired a sufficient knowledge of the business to warrant making a venture he went to Chandlersville, where he opened a shop in partnership with another man. Their joint operations continued 1 8 months, and Mr. Matson afterward continued alone. After a time he became interested in the business of buying and shipping horses to Eastern markets, and on one occasion, when he accompanied his property in horse flesh to the East, he purchased a stock of goods common to the establishment of a gentlemen's furnishing store, and on his return increased the facilities for his business. In 1850 he removed to Cumberland, in Guernsey Co., where he opened traffic in the same line. From that time forward, as long as he stayed in that place, he continued to go East with horses twice a year and at the same time attended to his semi-yearly purchase of goods for his store. Four years later he brought his affairs in Cumberland to a close and turned lo Muskingum County. He bought a farm in Salt Creek Township, in that county, and combined the business of trading in horses with that of the pursuit of agriculture. He operated in those vocations until the year in which he removed to Warren County.

On arrival in the township where he cast his lot for a permanency he bought 150 acres of land, of which he has since been the owner. The place is at present in as good condition for profit as any in the county of similar dimensions, and is fitted with all necessary and suitable farm buildings. He has since become by purchase the owner of the property known as the Andrews farm, which lie purchased in 1881, and which is situated on section 3.

In 1847 Mr. Matson, in company with his wife, Miss Nina L. Chandler before her marriage to him, set up their domestic establishment, which still remains intact. Mrs. Matson was the daughter of Zacharias and Fannie (Bingham) Chandler, who were natives of Vermont and New Hampshire respectively. Mrs. Matson's grandfather's brothers, two in number, were soldiers in the war of the Revolution ; one, Jesse Chandler, was killed at the battle of Bennington. The grandfather was a native of Vermont. On the Bingham side of the house Mrs. Matson is a lineal descendant of Miles Standish, who came over on the Mayflower, in 1629. Mrs. M. has a silk dress that her mother, her grandmother and her greatgrandmother were married in. It has been in the family over 200 years. The family had in its possession a pewter basin that belonged to Sarah Standish, the wife of Miles Standish. Owing to the scarcity of lead, it was brought to Ohio and melted into bullets.

Mr. and Mrs. Matson have four children - Lena is the wife of William Robb, of Mercer County ; Arthur, Gertrude and Harry are the three younger who survive. The mother was born in Salt Creek Township, in Muskingum Co., Ohio.

eorge M. Sallee, farmer and stock raiser, residing on section 5, Cold Brook Township, is a life-long resident of that township, having been born there March i, 1858. Henry Sallee, father of George M., was a native of Virginia, and a farmer by occupation, and came to the undeveloped West when a young man, with his parents, settling in Cold Brook Township, where his father died some years ago. After that event Henry was married to Miss Minerva Wright, a daughter, of Jacob Wright, a farmer and old settler in Cold Brook Township, where he died in January, 1876. (See sketch of Mrs. Lewis B. Davis.)

The mother of George M. Sallee was bom in Monmouth, Sept. 3, 1836, and is at present residing with her son, the subject of this notice. Mr. and Mrs. Sallee, parents of George M., were married, and they located in Monmouth Township, where his father was engaged in farming and also as Collecting Agent for the George W. Brown Manufacturing Company for some time. He died at his home in Cold Brook Township when the subject of this sketch was but one year old.

George M. Sallee was the only child of his parents, Henry and Minerva Sallee, and after the deatli of his father, which occurred when he was an infant, as already stated, continued to reside with his mother on the old homestead. He alternated his labors on the farm with attendance at the common schools, and after he had attained a sufficient age he cultivated the homeslead, and has continued thereon until the present time. His mother owns i 60 acres of good land, under an advanced state of cultivation, together with ten acres of timber, and George M. is the proprietor of 34 acres of timber land in Kelly Township.

The homestead on which Mr. Sallee resides, and which is under his control, is one of the best farms in Cold Brook Township, and he is meeting with success in the vocation which he has followed during his entire life.

The marriage of Mr. Sallee to Miss Josie Frymire, the accomplished daughter of William and Mary (Barnum) Frymire, took place March 28, 1879, at the residence of the bride's parents, in MonmouthTownship. Her father, whose calling was a farmer, died in that township. The union of Mr. and Mrs. Sallee has been blessed by the birth of three children, one of whom is deceased ; Myrtle I. and Lucy A. are the living, and Ruth died in infancy.

W. Burt, a grain dealer at Alexis, is practically a native of the State of Illinois, having been brought hither by his parents when less than two years old. He was born

John Burt, his father, was born in Cayuga Co., N. Y. The latter went in his young manhood to Ohio, and was a pioneer of the county where his son was born. He became a landholder in the heavy timber district of the Buckeye State, and built a log house for his individual use, as he was still outside the bonds of matrimony. Soon after he had prepared a residence he was joined by his widowed mother and his brothers and sisters. After establishing them in comfort he returned to the State of New York, whence he came back to his home in the forest, accompaned by his bride. This is a story quickly related, but when one reflects that the journeyings were made with horses, it will be perceived that they were of much greater moment and consumed more time than would at first be suggested. The wife lived but eight months. In due time the husband took a second wife, Miss Lucinda Hammond. She was the daughter of pioneers of the township of Bath, in Medina Co., Ohio, and was born in Tolland Co., Conn., whither her parents removed to Ohio. The senior Burt cleared a farm of 160 acres in the primeval forest, where he located, and also became extensively interested in the lumber trade. He built a saw mill and engaged in all the relations of the business in a new country.

In 1839 he came to Illinois for the purpose of prospecting. He visited Knox and DeKalb counties, and liking the appearance of the former best, he resolved to pitch his tent within its borders. Returning to Ohio, he lost no time in carrying his resolution into effect. He sold his property there, and all preparations were complete, when the wife and mother was seized by fatal illness. She died in the summer of 1840, and, after all was over,the bereaved husband and five motherless children set out for their new home. At the time of the death of Mrs. Burt, all of the household goods were packed and ready for removal.

The journey was made with two two-horse teams, and the household camped and cooked by the way. Mr. Burt bought land on the west line of the township of Ontario, in Knox County, and his family lived there seven years. At the end of that time the father sold the place and bought another tract of unimproved land in the same township. The entire acreage was prairie, and the owner improved a fine farm.

In the spring of 1855 he went to Oneida, where he established himself as a grocer, and was the third to interest himself in a business enterprise there. He continued his operations there until his death, which transpired March 16, 1857.

He was a pioneer by nature. His enterprise and abilities fitted him for a business leader, and his judgment of the propriety of a location was unerring. He was prominent in offices of trust in the gift of his fellow-men, and acted as Supervisor, Assessor, Collector and Justice of the Peace. He was also School Director. While in Ohio he was Colonel of the State Militia, and officiated as Postmaster.

Mr. Burt, of this narrative, was reared on his father's farm, until he attained the age of 16 years. He then assisted in the mercantile business of his sire at Oneida, until the death of the latter in 1857.

After that event threw the responsibility of the family and estate on him and an elder brother, they together managed the farm for a period offiveyears. After that they went to Oneida. There Mr. Burt bought an elevator preparatory to engaging in the business in which he is interested at present. He operated as a buyer and seller of grain ?t that place three years, and then turned his attention to farming.

After an experience of a year as farmer, he went to Windsor, in Mercer County, and again operated as a grain broker. He continued this seven years, and at the expiration of that time removed to Alexis. He passed a year there, occupied in the milling business, and went thence to Yates City, in Knox Co. In the spring of 1880 he returned to Alexis and established the business in which he has since been engaged. He is the sole representative of that line of traffic at Alexis.

Sarah A. Fraser became the wife of Mr. Burt Nov. 15, 1860. She was born Dec. 25, 1839, in New Haven, Conn. To them four children were born, of whom three are now living: Katie is married to Perry Anderson, of Alexis; Jessie is the third child ; F rankle, the second child, died at the age of two years ; Bertha is the youngest. The mother passed from this world, July 2, 1879.

Mr. Burt was again married, March 17, 1882, to Bertha E. Leonard. She is a native of Pennsylvania. Ellen L. is the name of the sole daughter and child of the second marriage.

. ames Harvey Wallace, M. D., a prominent physician and surgeon, residing at Monmouth, and whose portrait is given on the opposite page, traces his ancestry back to Scotland. Robert Wallace was driven from Scotland and fled into Ireland during the persecution of the Presbyterians. His son, William, was born in Ireland, and lived many years in the County Tyrone, in which place he was married, and while there had a son, James, born in 1771. James married Mary Barfit, in Tyrone, and the eight children born to them were named respectively : William, Eliza, Benjamin, Mary Ann, James, Robert, John and Margaret Jane. Robert was the father of our subject and came with his parents from his native country, Ireland, in the year 1810, then being three years of age. The Wallaces spent their first year in America in the city of Baltimore, removing thence to Juniata Co., Pa , where Robert grew to manhood and married Eleanor Shaver, a native of the Keystone State, of German extraction, tracing her ancestry back to an early product of the two very distinct races, the Scotch and the German.

Robert Wallace, born Feb. 21, 1807, was by occupation a farmer before retiring from active life, and at this writing (October, 1885) resides on a fine farm in Wayne Co., Ohio, where he removed in the year 1854. He is 78 years of age and his wife is 74 years. They reared six sons and two daughters, James Harvey Wallace being the second in order of n birth. One of the brothers, W. W. Wallace, is Professor of Mathematics at Westminister College, Pa. ; and John C. is an M. D. at Port Austin, Mich. The other three are farmers in Wayne Co., Ohio.

The present Dr. J. H. Wallace, who was born in Juniata Co., Pa., Nov. 16, 1834, spent the first 19 years of his life upon the farm and at the common schools, completing his literary education at Vermillion Institute, Hayesville, Ohio. In 1857, he began reading medicine at Wooster, Ohio, with Dr. T. H. Baker; attended lectures at Buffalo University (medical department) in 1861, and graduated from the Ohio College of Medicine, Cincinnati, in 1862. Directly after receiving his diploma he began practice at Lakeville, Ohio, in partnership with a Dr. McKee, and at the end of 15 months removed to Canaan, that State, where he practiced with much success for about 1 1 years, in the meantime taking a post-graduate course at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia. He went next to Smithville, Ohio, where he remained till his removal to Monmouth in April, 1876. Here he was associated with Dr. S. K. Crawford about one year and has since been, for the greater part of the time, without a partner. At the present time, however, Dr. John Troutman is associated with him.

sistecl with his skill in caring for the sick, wounded and dying, so, also, at Vicksburg, from which place he brought home his invalid brother, who was a soldier in Co. H, i zoth Regt. Ohio Vol. Inf. Dr. Wallace is devoted to the profession he so aptly adorns, and the good people of Monmouth amply attest their appreciation of his skill as a physician, and of his high merit as a citizen.

Dr. Wallace was married at Wooster, Ohio, Oct. 1 6, 1862, to Miss Sarah J. Troutman, daughter of J. G. and Caroline (Frybarger) Troutman. Of their children, we make the following mention : George E., druggist at Monmouth; Charles R., born in November, 1865, died at the age of five years and five months; Franklin E., student; Carrie L., student; Anna May and Lewis E., at home; and LeRoy, born in 1875, died in 1877.

Bath the Djctor and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church and active workers in various benevolent organizations. He is a member of the Independent Order of Mutual Aid, and also a member of the Knights of Honor, a charter member of the Order of the " Golden Rule," and a Director in the Monmouth Loan and Homestead Association. Republican ' in politics, he cast his first vote for John C. Fremont in 1856, and from that time to the present has remained firm to his first convictions, but takes no active part in politics.

j{; ev. Robert Clayton Matthews, D. D., late Pastor of the Presbyterian Church, Monmouth, and son of the Rev. John Matthews, was born at Shepherdstown, Va., April i, 1822, and died at Monmouth, Nov. 15, 1 88 1. He graduated with honors from Hanover (Va.) College in 1839; studied law, and after emigrating to Iowa practiced awhile at Fairfield. From Iowa he removed to Mississippi, and was there for some years engaged in teaching.

Returning North, probably for that purpose, he was, on the i2th of February, 1846, married near Lavonia, Ind., to Miss Louisa M. Martin, who accompanied him again to the South, where she died in January, 1849. While at the South, he became converted to the Christian religion, and soon after the death of his wife, entered the New Albany (Ind.) Theological Seminary, from which institution he was licensed to preach the following year. He preached his first sermon at Monmouth, Dec. 20, 1851, and in March, 1852, was regularly ordained and installed by the Presbytery ; and he held the Monmouth charge until the day of his death. He was the eldest settled Presbyterian Pastor in Illinois when he died, and not one stood higher in the estimation of the people. He was in every particular the true, straightforward, consistent gentleman and most richly honored and adorned his profession and the cause of the Master. During the years of his ministry at this point, and they numbered nearly a third of a century, his reputation far outstretched the petty limits of a diocese, and he was several times offered inducements to accept a different charge, but he steadily stood by the congregation that first received him as their Pastor.

At one time, the fact of his receiving from a for- - eign Church an offer amounting to something nearly commensurate with his worth as a Pastor, reached the ears of the late Ivory Quinby. Though not a member of Mr. Matthews' Church at all, Mr. Quinby at once proclaimed against the people tolerating such a step, and declared " that sooner than Dr. - Mat'hews should leave the town, he would personally pay his salary for the sake of seeing him walk the streets ; that his daily life in Monmouth had done more to elevate the youth and advance morality than all the other preachers of the place combined."

Dr. Matthews was a preacher of remarkable unction and power, and possessed the great faculty of winning the respect and admiration of even the ungodly. He was connected with Monmouth College from its foundation up to 1870, as a Director, and afterward as a Trustee.

The new Presbyterian Church begun by him, and under his eye grew almost to completion, but he was never allowed to occupy it. He preached two eloquent sermons the Sunday before his death, and in speaking of the anticipated removal at an early day from the old into the new edifice, he said, as if inspired unto prophecy, " the old church and its old Pastor will pass away together."

children are mentioned as follows : Mary (Mrs. Robert Woods); Susan H. (Mrs. William Vaughn), deceased; Ida C. Ruth, deceased; Henry, deceased; Robert, deceased; Abner, Edward and Charl'e. By his first wife he had two children - John W., whose biography appears in this work; and Betty Louisa, a missionary of the Presbyterian Church, at Sitka, Alaska.

a native of Connecticut, in which State he resided until he developed into manhood. He was married to Emeline A. Cole in Ohio, and is at present residing in Cold Brook Township, where he is engaged in the occupation of farming.

Clark M. Young was next to the eldest in order of birth of seven children, all sons. Three of them were born in Ohio and four in this county. Clark M. was only four years of age when his parents came to this county and located on the farm on which they are at present residing. He continued to reside on the parental homestead, assisting in the labors thereon, until he attained his majority, having received his education in the district schools and at Monmouth College. On becoming his own man, he began teaching in the district schools, and followed that vocation for about ten years. While thus engaged, he formed the acquaintance of Miss Annetta Wallace, to whom he was married March 27, 1877. She is the daughter of John and Sarah (McFarland) Wallace, who at present reside on a farm in Monmouth Township and rank among the respected and well-to-do citizens. Mrs. Young was born in Monmouth Township, Nov. 5, 1854. She received a good education in the public schools and resided under the care of her parents until her marriage with Mr. Young. Of their union one child has been born - Lena M., Jan. 9, 1880.

In 1875, Mr. Young, in company with his brother, purchased 101 acres of land, six acres of which they afterward sold, and Mr. Young, of this notice, is at present the proprietor of the balance, which is improved, and also ten acres of limber. The farm on which he resides and which he owns is under an advanced state of cultivation, with good residence, barn, etc., and Mr. Young is meeting with success in his chosen vocation.

In 1884, in addition to the cultivation of his land, he engaged in Pisciculture and has since continued the same. He is raising German carp, and his success in his new venture at this writing seems to be assured.

He and his wife are members of the Christian Church at Talbot Creek, of which denomination Mr. Young is one of the Elders. He has held the office of Assessor of his township, and at present is Road Commissioner and School Trustee. In politics, he votes with the Republican party.

The Farmers' Mutual Insurance Company was organized in March, 1875, and to Mr. Young is attributed the honor of aiding in its formation. It was their idea that the company should embrace six townships only, but it finally embraced the entire county. Upon the organization of the company, Mr. Young was made Secretary and has continued to hold that office to the present time. The company consists of nine Directors, elected annually by those insured, and their policies are out for nearly a million dollars. Lyman H. Young is the President of the Company, and since its organization it has met with continued success.

illiam McCoy, a retired farmer, stock buyer and shipper, residing at Kirkwood, is a , native of Ohio, having been born in the 9 Buckeye State Dec. 10, 1836. The parents of Mr. McCoy, James and Mary (Creswell) McCoy, were natives of Pennsylvania, in which State the father followed the occupation of a farmer. The gentleman whose name we place at the head of this biography, was an inmate of the parental household until 1859. His years prior to that date were passed in the common schools and in assisting his father on the farm. After acquiring an education, he continued to work on the farm summers, and during the winter of 1856-7 taught school.

In the fall of 1858 Mr. McCoy came to this State and taught school that winter, and the next spring again returning East. In 1859, he again returned to this State and stopped with an uncle in Henry County, Henry Creswell by name. He remained with his uncle for seven years, engaged in working on his farm and a part of the time in managing the same. In 1867, he rented a farm in Warren County, three miles west of Kirkwood, and for seven years was occupied in its cultivation, at the expiration of which time he purchased a farm of 240 acres in Henderson County, on which he resided for a time and then moved into the village of Kirkwood. Previous to this, however, Mr. McCoy had purchased 130 acres of land in this county, the date of his purchase being in the fall of 1874. He has a fine residence and three-quarters of an acre of land where he is at present residing. In politics, he is independent. He is one of the Highway Commissioners and a gentleman possessed of far more than ordinary business ability.

The marriage of Mr. McCoy to Miss Samantha S. Hutchison, a native of this State, took place in 1868, and to them have been born two children - Lora E. and Martha A.

Norwood S. Woodward, the representative Doctor of Dental Surgery at Monmouth, was born in Armstrong Co., Pa., May 3, 1842. His parents, John S. C. and Caroline (Barclay) Woodward, natives of Pennsylvania and Maryland, and of Scotch and Irish extraction, reared seven sons and four daughters, and the subject of our sketch was next to the last born. Dr. Norwood S. Woodward is the only son living. His father was a merchant and stock dealer and while absent from home with oneof his sons, in 1847, they were both taken ill and died suddenly, at Unionville, Pa., After a pretty thorough education, he began at the age of 17. years to study dentistry with Doctor Barcroft, at Elderton, and came to Monmouth in 1863. Here he at once took rank as one of the most skillful and successful operators in the city, and, as time has increased his experience in this delicate and