Warren County, Illinois - The whole text, 1886 (part 20 of 25)

Mr. Hebbard again resumed his profession as a teacher, and in the early autumn of 1884 came to Roseville and took charge of the schools at this place. So satisfactory has been his service here that he has been retained in the same position since. On the first of September, 1885, he purchased the Roseville Times. This he enlarged and by devoting to it his characteristic energy as a business man and ability as a writer, has made it one of the most valuable and interesting local papers in the county. It is now a six-column quarto and not only ably edited but creditably printed. Mr. Hebbard is earnestly engaged in the efforts to give the people of Roseville and vicinity a good and valuable newspaper.

While living in Ohio, Mr. Hebbard was united in, marriage with Julia A. Williams, of Harpersfield, Ashtabula Co., Ohio. The date of this, to him very important event, is 1871.

C. VanBiper, a retired farmer, on section 16, Tompkins Township, was born in Hudson Co., N. J., March 25, 1830. His parents were Cornelius and Mary R. (Sickles) VanRiper, also natives of New Jersey. A. C. remained under the parental roof until he was 23 years of age. During that time he received a good common school education. After leaving home he engaged in the dairying business in New Jersey, which occupation he followed successfully for five years, and then followed other pursuits up to

1855, when he came to Illinois. Then he commenced purchasing and selling land, but abandoned this after 1 6 months, returned East, where he remained until the year 1861, when he revisited Illinois and occupied himself with the former business of land purchase and sale, at the same time pursuing farming more or less. He at present own 120 acres of land, 40 acres lying in the corporation of Kirkwood, on which he now resides. A great portion of his time, however, is taken up in visits to the East.

He was married to Miss Cornelia Ackerman, a native of New Jersey, by whom he had six children - Mary G,, Euphemia E., Cornelius, Abraham, Edward and Jeannie. Mary G. married M. G. Johnson, and by this union there are two children - Gertrude and Freddie. Euphemia E married Newton Spence.

By political persuasion, Mr. VanRiper is a Democrat, and with his wife and two daughters belongs to the Presbyterian Church. He has been elected to. office on the Village Board as one of the "City Fathers." He also rilled the position of Captain of I the police force in Jersey city. He is one among the,^ leading, most thoughtful and substantial men of Kirk wood.

Lorimer, auctioneer and dealer in carriages, buggies, etc., at Monmouth, as well as one of Warren County's prominent business men, was born in Muskingum Co. Ohio, March 26, 1831. His parents were Dr. Samuel and Mary (Few) Lorimer, natives respectively of old Ireland and the State of Ohio. They both died before John was three years old, and at this writing, he and his sister older, are the only survivors of his father's family.

His youth was spent principally at school, supplementing a pretty thorough common school training by a course at New Concord (Ohio) College. Leaving College he taught school about four years in Kentucky, Ohio and Illinois and then after a year or two spent at farming, settled down at Monmouth. He came here in 1856, since which time he has been one of the busiest men in Warren County. He began auctioneering in 1861 and has kept it up steadily, notwithstanding a multiplicy of duties of various kinds have necessarily demanded much of his attention. He was elected Constable in 1861 and held the office 19 years. Was elected City Marshal, in 1864, and held the office about three years. Was Deputy Sheriff of Warren County several years. He ran an auction store eight years in Monmouth and has been engaged in the buggy and carriage business about eight years, two years of the time on the road carrying with him a full line of vehicles.

September 13, 1853, he was married at New Concord, Ohio, to Miss I. M. Russell, a native of the Keystone State, and daughter of Thomas Russell, deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Lorimer have had born to them five children, as follows : Rachel N., wife of J. M. Harvey, of Buena Vista, Colorado; Samuel B., interested with his father, in the carriage and buggy business ; John, now a resident of Colorado; Thomas and Minnie, in Monmouth. Mr. Lorimer is identified with no Church or secret order, and through life he has depended upon his own individual effort and industry for such of this world's goods as he possesses and enjoys. He is a good liver and a man that enjoys life wherever he is.

,avid Tuttle. Prominent among the numerous retired farmers of Roseville, ranks the subject of this personal sketch, who is spending the evening of an active and useful life in the enjoyment of the fruits of his toil. David Tutile was born in Greene Co. Pa., Oct. 13, 1800, and is consequently 85 years of age. His parents Israel and Mary (Martin) Tuttle, were natives of New Jersey, but at a very early day moved into Pennsylvania and secured farming property. He had a family of ten children, four sons and six daughters. The wife, Mrs. Mary Tuttle, died in Pennsylvania in February, 1824, and Israel Tuttle in January, 1842.

David was a member of the home family until a young man of 24 years of age. Of course during these years he assisted his parents on the farm and attended such schools as the neighborhood afforded. His first venture after leaving home was to purchase a farm of 120 acres. Here he lived for several years, when he sold out and purchased his father's farm, where he lived until 1850. Feeling that the West offered superior advantages, he sold out and came to Illinois, finding a desirable home in Warren County. Here on section 28, of Roseville Township, he secured a valuable 80 acre tract of land, where he lived and farmed until 1880. He then sold out and moved into Roseville, buying eight acres where he now resides. Politically Mr. Tuttle is a Prohibitionist, and together with his wife belongs to the United Brethren Church.

In 1854, January 24, Mr. Tuttle and Mrs. Philena E. Young, a native of Ashtabula Co. Ohio, were united in marriage. Mrs. Tuttle was born Dec. 13, 1821, and was a daughter of Samuel and Philena (Ward) Overbaugh. They were natives of New York and Connecticut respectively and had a family of two daughters. Mr. O. died in 1822, the year following the death of his wife.

F. Loudon, whose hair is silvered by the lapse of time, is passing the sunset of his life in peace and quiet at his residence in Kirkwood. He is a native of South Carolina, having been born in that State in 1812. The parents of Mr. Loudon, George and Mary J (Ferris) Loudon, were natives of Ireland and South Carolina respectively. They moved to Indiana in 1816, where the father purchased 80 acres of land, on which he moved with his family and there resided until the death of both heads of the household.

W. F. Loudon, the subject of this notice, received an education in the common schools and from about the age of 12 years until he was 25, he worked at various occupations, assisting in the maintenance of his father's family. In 1851, he came to Henderson County, this State, and there purchased 40 acres of land. On this land he located and entered vigorously and energetically upon the vocation of an agriculturist and was there occupied lor two years. He then came to this county and for two years followed farming on rented land, when he purchased 160 acres on section 8, Tompkins Township, and there, for 25 years, was engaged in agricultural pursuits. He has lived in Kirkwood Village for the past four years where he has 12 acres of land and a good resf

The marriage of Mr. Loudon with Miss Jane Martin was solemized in 1836, and their union has been blessed by the birth of five children, Margaret, Nancy, George, Mary A., and James H. After 40 years of married life, during which the wife had shared the toils and trials, the successes and reverses, of her husband, she passed to the better land, the date of her death being 1876. Mr. Loudon in his political belief endorses the principles of the Democratic party and religiously is a member of the Reformed Presbyterian Church.

Ifoseph Pine located in Warren County in If- 1844. He is now a resident of Galesburg, 111. He was 16 years of age when his parents started from Ohio for Illinois. They came over the intervening country with their own conveyance, and reached Warren _ County after a slow, but, in some respects, pleasant and profitable journey.

Mr. Pine is a native of Somersetshire, England. He was born May 2, 1828, and is the son of Robert and Elizabeth (Morris) Pine. His father emigrated with his family from England to America, sometime in the year 1840. Mr. Pine was then 12 years old, and has a distinct remembrance of the incidents of the voyage from Liverpool to Philadelphia, as the time passed on the ocean was six entire weeks. They went to Lake County, in the Buckeye State, and were there resident until their removal at the time stated to Illinois. They started on their overland trip with three horses and a pair of oxen. The members of the household and the domestic belongings were accommodated in two large wagons. In the vicinity of Cleveland the father exchanged the oxen for horses, and the distance between them and their destination seemed to diminish with proportionate rapidity.

The senior Pine bought a claim on section 14, in the part of Warren County then designated on the government charts as township 12, and which on its organization as a municipality was named Kelly Township. There were 20 acres of the property in tillage, and a log house had been erected. The latter was of the style of architecture which pointed out a most primitive condition of things, and the roof was made of "shakes," which were kept in their places with poles. The usual improvements were afterward made on the place by the owner, who lived there until the close of his life. His death transpired about 1870. The family included six children, and the subject of this sketch was the fifth in order of birth.

Mr. Pine remained a member of his father's household until his marriage to Letitia Watson, which event took place in 1853. His wife was born in Kentucky, and is the daughter of Basil and Matilda Watson, who were members of the pioneer element of Kelly Township. At the time of his marriage Mr. Pine located on section 9, in the same township where his father had settled, and improved the farm on which he fixed his permanent residence, and which is still in his possession.

In March, 1876, he rented his farm and went to Galesburg, where he is now living. He is manufacturing brick and terra cotta articles of merchandise, and is a member of the Stock Company in that place which was incorporated in 1885. He is the Superintendent and one of the Directors of the Works.

His son, Edwin A., lives in Kelly Township, and is officiating as Assessor. Frank J. is a hardware dealer at Alexis, and is represented in this work. Janet and Linnie May are the daughters of Mr. and Mrs. Pine.

ohn Tucker, owning the undivided half £ interest to 450 acres of land in Swan Township, and residing upon section 20 of the same, was born in the township where he at present resides, Nov. 21, 1846, his parents both being natives of Washington Co., Pa. Mr. Tucker formed a matrimonial alliance with Miss Ida F. Bostwick, Oct. n, 1871. She was born July i, 1852, in Roseville Township, this county, her father's name being Alanson Bostwick. He was born in Connecticut, in 1814, and married Jane A. Jones, in 1848. She was born in 1818, and bore her husband

The father of Mr. Tucker, of this notice, James Tucker, was born May 15, 1807, in Washington Co., Pa., came to Illinois in 1834 and located in Swan Township, this county ; removed from there to Roseville, where he is at present residing. He was married to Miss Caroline Johnson, April 27, 1840. She was born July 9, 1809, in Washington Co., Pa. They were married in the Keystone State, and of their union four children were born - Daniel J., Aug. 20, 1841; James M., Feb. 24, 1844; John, Nov. 21, 1846, and George, Feb. 22, 1849. Daniel J. died in the army, Sept. 20, 1861, at Lexington, Mo., of typhoid fever, after an illness of eight days. He participated in the battle of Lexington, on the 2oth of September, that year, and died on the 28th of the same month.

Mr. and Mrs. Tucker of this sketch are the happy parents of two children - Carrie J., born Sept. 9, 1873, and Ora A., January n, 1877. Mr. Tucker has a good residence on the place, two stories in height, and is there passing his life in the prosecution of a vocation which he has followed since he was old enough. In politics he is a believer in and a supporter of the principles advocated by the Republican party, which ticket he has always voted.

"oshua C. Bay, a successful farmer owning 150 acres of land located on section 4, Greenbush Township, where he resides and is actively engaged in the prosecution of the labors of an agriculturist, was born in Lenox Township, this county, in 1852, and is a son of Woodford Ray, a native of Kentucky, where he was born in 1824. The latter followed the vocation of a farmer and died in September, 1865, at the age of 45 years, in Missouri. The father formed a matrimonial alliance with Miss Nancy Simons in 1850. She was born in Kentucky in 1831, and died in May, 1852. Of their union two children were born, - Jamess G. and Joshua C., our subject. After their mother's death, the father was a second time married, and by this wife had five children, namely : Ida J., Charles C., Lewis R., Harriet and Delos.

Joshua Ray, subject of this biographical notice, was married April 2, 1874, to Eliza Morris. She was born Jan. 25, 18155, and has borne her husband three children, one of whom, Mary E., died July 12, 1880. Marshal B. was born Jan. 2, 1875, and Walter, Oct. 29, 1880. Mr. Ray and his family are pleasantly situated on their fine farm in Greenbush Township, and in addition to their acreage in this county, Mr. Ray is the owner of 12 acres in Mc- Donough County, this State. In politics, he votes with the Democratic party.

The father of Mrs. Ray, Bethuel Morris, was born in Ohio, in 1826, and married Miss Mary Crawford in 1847. She was-born in Ohio and bore her husband six children, as follows: Merribah, John B., Almira, Flora, Eliza E. and Melissa. Mr. Morris and his wife are members of the Christian Church, and, in politics, he votes the same ticket as his sonin-law, Mr. Ray.

ev. George W. Hamilton, pastor of Little York United Presbyterian Church, was born in New Wilmington, Mercer Co., Pa., March i, 1848, and was the son of George Hamilton, also a native of Pennsylvania, and the grandson of Thomas Hamilton, whose birthplace was Ulster, County Tyrone, Ireland, and the date of his birth 1763. In belief this latter gentleman was a staunch Presbyterian of the Old School, and came of a direct line of Scotch ancestry. He emigrated to the United States in 1784, locating in Eastern Pennsylvania, where he lived for some time, then removed to Beaver County, of that State, where he died. He had all his life engaged in agricultural pursuits. Early in life he married Miss Agnes Mitchell, who was likewise born in County Tyrone, March 2, 1773, and like her husband was of Scotch descent. They had 13 children, all of whom reached maturity. The father of the subject was the nth in order of birth and in his native county grew to manhood, being reared on his father's farm, and in early life married Rebecca Strain, a native of Beaver County, who was born in i8rg. Shortly after marriage they removed to Mercer County, where he took up land, which he worked until 1855, and in that year he moved into Iowa, settling near Dubuque. Here he bought a farm, upon which his wife died, in

Rev. G. W. Hamilton, our subject, and the ninth child in the large circle of brothers and sisters, was seven years of age at the time of his parents' removal to Iowa. Here he grew to the years of maturity, receiving his early education in the district schools, and in 1872 graduated from college, having taken a full classical course. Subsequently he entered the Theological Seminary of Xenia, Ohio, in which he continued two years, and leaving this he became a student under Dr. Patton, of Chicago, with whom he remained one year. He commenced his ministration in 1875, in the States of Michigan, Iowa and Missouri, laboring two years before receiving ordination. This event took place at Elvira, Clinton Co., Iowa, March 27, 1877, and at this time he was installed pastor of the Church there, the pulpit of which he occupied until August, 1880. Receiving a , call to the United Presbyterian Church of Little York, he took up his abode in that town, in October of that year, which pastorate he holds at the present time. His marriage occurred Sept. 5, 1878, to Anna C. Young, native of Michigan. Mr. Hamilton is a man of large usefulness and adorns the position he occupies, and is, heart and mind, enlisted in the work of " bringing in the sheaves."

B. Holeman. One of the energetic and jl^^S, successful farmers of Warren County is 3 o""5 Mr. D. B. Holeman, who resides upon section 35, Roseville Township, having been born in this township Nov. 20, 1850. He is a son of Reuben and Susannah (Crab) Holeman, who are natives of Indiana, and whose biography appears elsewhere in this book.

D. B. Holeman, the gentleman whose name heads this personal narrative, remained at home until he attained his 2oth year, in the meantime receiving a common-school education and assisting his parents with the labors on the farm. He afterward farmed with his father on shares for two years, and in 1872 thinking he could better himself considerably, he went to Kansas, and located in Linn County. Here he made a purchase of 80 acres of land and engaged s i tr>:k-raising, continuing the same for two years, when he exchanged his property for some land situated about three miles distant and entered upon the latter tract, of 80 acres, where he engaged in mixed husbandry for three years. He again returned to Illinois, and in 1881 purchased 1465^ acres of land, 80 of which is in Roseville Township and is in excellent cultivation; 37 acres are prairie land and 29}^ good timber.

Mr. D. B. Holeman was married in 1870 to Miss Harriet Smith, a native of Warren County and daughter of Allen and Susan (Miller) Smith, natives of Indiana, who came to Illinois in 1848 and settled in Warren County. Mr. and Mrs. Holeman have had their home brightened and blessed with the birth of two children - Susannah, born Oct. 12, 1871 ; and William B., Aug. 29, 1875.

Mr. Holeman affiliates with the Democratic party, and is one of the representative and solid men of Warren County. He and his wife are members of the Christian Church, and he fills the position of School Director.

^rederick Heinzman, an agriculturist, residing upon section 33, Greenbush Township, where, on his fine farm of 240 acres, he is prosecuting his vocation, was born in Baden, Germany, Oct. u, 1827, and emigrated to this country in 1851, landing at New York, from whence he proceeded to St. Louis, Mo., where he remained one year and worked at the mason's trade, which he had learned in the fatherland.

At the end of the time stated, Mr. Heinzman came to Springfield, this State, and resided at that place for two years, engaged in working at his trade, when he went to Decatur, and, after remaining there a year, moved to Prairie City. In the latter place he worked at his trade until 1874, when he came to this township and located on section 33, Greenbush Township, where he purchased 80 acres of land. He at once located on his land and engaged actively and energetically in its improvement and cultivation, and by economy and perseverance has, by subsequent purchases, increased his landed interests in Warren County to 240 acres, and is also the owner of 80 acres in McDon.ough County. Mr. H. has a good residence upon his place, 35 x 45 feet in dimen -

In religion, Mr. and Mrs. H. are members of the Lutheran Church. In politics, Mr. H. votes with the Democratic party. His father, Jacob, was born in 1802, in Germany, and married Miss Mudinger. who was born in that country in 1800. The father died in Nebraska, in 1881, and the mother in this county in 1875. They had nine children, five of whom are deceased. The living are Frederick, Mary, Jacob and Charles.

ambert Lester, a prominent farmer on section 13 of Point Pleasant Township, was born in Greene Co., Ind., Jan. n, 1839. Thomas C. Lester, his father, was a native of South Carolina, where he was born Aug. 3, 1816. The latter was a son of Peter R. and Haney (O'Neil) Lester. The families of both his parents were South Carolinians. His great-grandfather, James Lester, was an Englishman. His wife a Deneford; her given name is not recollected by her descendants of this generation. She was reared in Ireland, came to America at an early day and was united in marriage to the above named James. They had eight children, seven of whom were boys : John, Isaac, James, Peter, Charles, Abner, Samuel and the daughter, Joicey. All except Abner and Samuel lived to raise families of their own. The parents, with their children, moved to South Carolina before the Revolutionary War, and about the year 1787, Peter, the fourth son, married Jane Ruble, who was born in Newbury, S. C. To them were born n children, five boys and six girls, as follows: Patty, Sally, Peter, James, Mary, Willis, Rhoda, Vincent, Simpson, Cinderella and Jane. They all grew to maturity and reared families of their own ; * only three of the number are now living, namely : Peter, the grandfather of our subject; Vincent, who lives in Greene Co., Ind. ; and Simpson, who resides at Batesville, Mississippi. Peter Lester removed with his family to Indiana when his son Thomas was but five years of age. He was one of the earliest of the pioneer settlers in the county of Greene, and is still living there at the age of 96 years. The son just referred to - Thomas C. - grew to manhood in Greene County, where he was married to Eliza Hughen, who was born in South Carolina, Dec. 31, 1815. His father presented him with 80 acres of land on his marriage, which was situated in the township of Plummer, on White River, in the same county in which the father resided. As it was 1 all in heavy timber, there was a vast amount of hard work before him to make a suitable home for the [ new-made wife. But he built a log house on a " small clearing, in which they took up their residence, | and the work of reclamation from the original forest went vigorously on. The husband was a man ofJ energy and industry, and in a very short time placed 40 acres under good culture. He was enabled to make a further purchase of land, which he thoroughly improved, and remained the occupant of the farm as long as he lived. His death transpired in May, 1851. His widow lives at present in Clay Co., Neb. There were five children in the family of Thomas Lester, but none now living save the subject of this sketch and Mary, the wife of Walter Paine, of Edgar, Clay Co., Neb.

Mr. Lester was 12 years old when his father was removed by death. He continued to live in his native county until October, 1856. The homestead was then rented, his mother having remarried, to a man named William R. Hindman. The latter removed the family to Warren County, in the year named, and located in Point Pleasant Township. The son accompanied the family and was married to Mary E. Dixon Oct. 19, 1869. His wife is the daughter of Eli and Jemima (Boyd) Dixon, of whom a sketch is given elsewhere in this book.

40 acres of land, which he had purchased in 1863, and which constituted the nucleus of the splendid farm upon which he now resides. His mother resided with him on the 4o-acre tract until he married. He has been prosperous and has added to his estate until he is the owner of 400 acres of excellent land, all in a good state of cultivation. It includes 30 acres of timber land, whose value is appreciated in a prairie country.

Mr. Lester is a Democrat in political views. Mrs. Lester belongs to the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Minnie J. Lester, the sole daughter of the parents' home and hearts, was born Feb. 7, 1876.

ohn S. Whelan, a well-to-do, sturdy tiller of the soil, resides in this county, on his farm of 160 acres, located on section 18, Hale Township. He is a son of James and Margaret (Moore) Whelan, natives of Ireland. They were the parents of seven children, of whom John S. is the third in order of birth.

He was born in Brooklyn, N. Y., Oct. 23, 1853. When John S. was but two years of age his parents brought him to Illinois. They located in this county in August, 1861, in Swan Township, where his father died. His mother still survives.

The subject of this notice received a good common school education in the district schools of this county, and continued to reside here, engaged in the occupation of farming, until 1876, when he removed to Henderson County, and there lived for five years following the same occupation. At the expiration of this time he came to Hale Township, and purchased the land which he still owns and occupies. This land is all under an advanced state of cultivation, and in the vocation which he has followed the major portion of his life he is meeting with success.

The ceremony which united the lives of Mr. Whelan and Miss Kate Mason, the accomplished daughter of Michael and Johanna (Shaw) Mason, natives of Ireland, was solemnized February i, 1876, in Henderson County. Miss Mason was the fourth in order of birth of a family of nine children. She was born in Ohio January 16, 1855, and has borne her husband four children, Charlie M., Mary E., Katie and J. Edgar. Mr. Whelan has held the office of School Director in his Township, and in his politics is independent. He and his wife are faithful and active members of the Catholic Church.

Thomas Meadows, the subject of this biographical notice, was married to Miss Mary J. Brown, March 9, 1865. She was born Oct. 13, 1846, in Indiana, and her parents came to this State in 1854, locating in this county. Her father, Wm. L. Brown, was born in Ohio, Dec. 31, 1820, and was there married to Miss Julia A. Newkirk, Jan. i, 1846. She was born Sept. r, 1826, and was also a native of Ohio, and both are still living, residing at present in Abingdon. They have been blessed with eight children - Mary Jane, bom in October, 1846; Almeda Ann, who was born Oct. 6, 1848, and married Wm. P. Meadows March 10, 1870; Sarah M., born Sept.

Mr. Meadows is the proprietor of 98 acres of good land, located on section 3, Berwick Township, and as an agriculturist is meeting with the success which energy and perseverance are sure to bring. In politics, he votes with the Democratic party, and, religiously, he and his wife are members of the Christian Church.

|j: eimer Lahann is a manufacturer and wholesale and retail dealer in cigars and tobacco, -at Monmouth, the name of his establishment being the Maple City Cigar Factory. He was born Oct. 8, 1842, at Delmat, Holstein, Germany. He came to America in 1861, four years after his father, who died suddenly at Palmyra, Mo., in 1868, while en route from Hannibal, Mo., to Monmouth. Reimer Lahann's first employment in the United States was farming, which he followed for a year and a half near Troy, N. Y., after which he went to work at cabinet making, in Troy, N. Y., where he resided until 1866, during which time he also learned the cigar-maker's trade. While a resident of New York State he served a term as a member of the National Guards, assisting the organization in protecting lives and property at a time when riots and disturbances were imminent.

Immediately upon removing to Monmouth, which be did in 1866, Mr. Lahann began the manufacture of cigars. He rolled the smokers himself. His business was on a small scale, but with slight assistance from his estimable wife, a good start was being made. The fire of '68 completely cleaned out the business, but Mr. Lahann was not discouraged. He began work again at the beginning. By gradual development his establishment, which he has built up alone and unaided, except by his wife, has become one of the leading institutions of Monmouth. The Maple City factory is Mr. Lahann's pride, and it is evidence of !.i ; industry and business ability. From 35 to 4omen are constantly employed in the factory and a number of salesmen are continually on the road, disposing of the different brands of cigars, all of which have an excellent reputation. The factory turned out in 1884 over 1,500,000 cigars. During the last four months of that year the number sold was 440,525, while during the corresponding period of '85 the number was 493,500, a most gratifying increase. Not only its size, but its prosperous condition, makes the institution one of particular advantage to the city of Monmouth, inasmuch as the place becomes known throughout the extensive territory in which the cigars are sold. Mr. Lahann's adherence to the practice of using only a superior quality of stock has done much to overcome the prejudice for Eastern cigars whereever the products of the Maple City factory are obtainable.

Mr. Lahann was married at Troy, N. Y., Jan. 24, 1865, to Miss Katie Fougard, of Huhrhesse, Germany. Their children are Ida, Andrew and Nina May, the first the wife of Mr. Fred T. Hayden, the second a cigar-maker and the third a school girl. Mr. Hayden and Andrew Lahann are both employed in the factory. Mrs. Hayden has a daughter, born Feb. 2, 1886, and Mr. R. Lahann proudly responds to the title of grandfather. Mr. Lahann is a Knight Templar in Masonry, an Odd Fellow, a member of the Leiderkranz Society, and in politics, a Republican.

eorge W. Stice is extensively engaged as an agriculturist upon section 30, Swan Township, where he owns 910 acres. It is all tillable land but 15 acres, which is covered with timber. He has erected a good, substantial two-story dwelling, which is 30 x 30 feet in dimensions, upon his farm ; also a good barn, 38 x 42 feet. He is a breeder of Short -horn cattle, having at present seven head, also excellent grades of roadsters. In his chosen vocation, he has met with remarkable success, being an industrious, persevering and economical farmer, and to himself and good helpmeet, his wife, is his prosperity attributable.

Charles Slice, a native of North Carolina, where he was born in 1795, on the nth of February. The latter came to this State in 1814 and located in Madison County. The elder Mr. Slice was a Ranger during the War of 1812, and was under General Whiteside in the Black Hawk War in 1832. It was while in that war that he came through this county and saw the fertility of the soil, and was so well pleased that in 1833 he came to what is now the southern part of Henderson County; but as that locality proved unheallhful, he came lo Greinbush, Ihis counly, engaging in merchandising and was appointed Postmaster. After a residence of seven years there, he exchanged his town property for a farm on section 29, Swan Township, which he occupied until his death. Miss Patsey Whitley was the lady chosen to share his joys and sorrows, successes and reverses. She was born in 1800, in Illinois, and of her union with Mr. Slice 1 2 children were born, as follows : Sarah, Andrew, Nancy, Tabitha, James and Diana (twins), Martha, Charles, George W., Oscar, and a pair of twins who died in infancy. Mrs. Stice, the mother of our subject, died in 1847, the father's demise occurring April i, 1869, in Swan Township.

George W. Stice was united in marriage with Miss Phoebe King, Jan. 19, 1860. She was a native of McDonough County, and the daughter of R. T. King, who was born in Washington Co., East Tennesse, Nov. 28, 1817. He came to Illinois in 1835, and on Nov. 28, 1839, was married to Miss Martha A. Holden, who was born in Hamilton Co., Ohio, July 2, 1822. Her father was a nalive of Vermont, moved to Ohio at an early day, and had a family comprising eight children - Phebe, born Feb. 4, 1841: William H., Feb. 12, 1847; James M., in November, 1849; John H., in July, 1852; Myrim H., Oct. 10, 1855 ; Isabella L., in 1857 ; Thomas F., Feb. 28, 1859; and Charlie, Aug. 8, 1861. All the above children are at present living and have attained the age of manhood and womanhood. Mr. King was really one of the pioneers of McDonough County.

George W. Stice, whose name heads this article, is the father of three children living and three deceased. George F. was born Oct. 29, 1864; Freeman S., Oct. 15, 1870; Sylvia A., Oct. 2, 1872; Edith, born Dec. 3, 1860, died in infancy; Charles, born Jan. 8,

1862, died Nov. 13, same year; Harry, born April 30, 1876, died May 22, 1876. Mr. Stice lived on sections 26 and 27, of Point Pleasant Township for 16 years. In the spring of 1874 he moved to section 30, Swan Township, where he had purchased knd and here he has lived to the present time.

In addition to the cultivation of his land, Mr. S. is engaged to a considerable extent in the breeding of Short-horn caltle and graded roadsters. In politics, he is a strong advocate of temperance and votes with the Prohibition party. His wife is President of the W. C. T. U. county organization, and has held the position for five years. She is also President of the Band of Hope at Swan Creek, and is a lady of most excellent qualities. Mr. Stice is one of the leading representative citizens, not only of Swan Township but also of Warren County.

rus B. Bristol, Jr., of the grocery house of Bristol & Glendening, at Monmouth, was born at Fairmount, W. Va., Feb. 13, 1840. His parents, the Rev. Cyrus Beecher and Maria (Henderson) Bristol, were descended respectively from old English and Irish families, and were born, the first named in New Haven, Conn., and the latler in Fayelte Co., Pa. They reared four sons and four daughters, and as if the figure four were destined to play some conspicuous part in his history, the subject of this sketch was the fourth child in order of birth and was four years old when his parents removed to Armstrong Co., Pa. The Rev. Mr. Bristol had charge of two churches in Armstrong County for about 12 years, and in r856 came to Illinois. He resides now (October, 1885) at Schaller, Iowa, with his son, W. R. T. Bristol. He is 87 years old; his wife 78.

At Elder's Ridge, Glade Run Academy and an institution of learning in Pittsburgh, Pa., Cyrus B. Bristol, Jr., acquired a pretty thorough English education. After coming lo Illinois he learned the carpenter's Irade, and worked al it for some years. Feb. 20, 1862, he enrolled in Mercer County, this Slate, as a private in Co. B, 651)1 111. Vol. Inf., and re-enlisled at Knoxville, Tenn., March 30, 1864. Soon after his first enlistmenl he was promoted Corporal. He veteranized as Second Sergeant, was promoted to

Orderly Sergeant and mustered out as Sergeant Major, July 13, 1865 ; was commissioned Second Lieutenant, but did not muster. He saw service under Burnside in East Tennessee; was in the 23d army corps and took part in all the engagements of that army from Dalton to Atlanta. He smelt gunpowder and heard the bullets at Columbia, Ga. Franklin, Tenn., and Nashville. After the battle of Nashville, his regiment was transferred to the Eastern Army and took a hand in the Wilmington and Fort Fisher engagements. At Harper's Ferry, Sept. 15, 1862, the enemy gobbled him up along with the regiment, held them a day or two and paroled them. He was with his command from beginning to end and never missed duty but two days.

Returning from the war, he farmed two years in Mercer County, and went to Pennsylvania, where, on the i6th of May, 1867, at the town of Kent, Indiana County, he was married to Miss S. J. McFarland, a native of that place and a daughter of Mr. William McFarland. In 1868, he came to Monmouth, where he has since resided. He worked for the Weir Plow Company about nine years, and has been in the grocery business since 1879. His first partner in mercantile business was W. T. Wiley ; second, W. P. Pressley ; third, A. S. Carson ; and the present partnership was formed in June, 1885. (See biography of D. D. Dunkle).

Mr. Bristol is a Mason, a member of the G. A. R. and Master Workman in the A. O. U. W. Both he and his wife are consistent members of the Presbyterian Church.

||,ol. James W. Davidson, an attorney and counsellor at law, residing at Monmouth, has practiced at the Warren County Bar a greater number of years than any other man now living. He was born in Barren County, Ky., Sept. 16, 1813, and was the third of six sons bred and reared to manhood by Hezekiah and Eleanor (Wilson) Davidson, natives of the States of North Carolina and Kentucky, and of Irish and Scotch extraction respectively.

Hezekiah Davidson was a mechanic, and in his day was the most extensive manufacturer of guns and cotton gins in the country where he resided. He came to Warren County in 1831, and spent the rest of his life on his farm near Monmouth, dying in 1841, in the sixty-eighth year of his age. His widow survived him up to the winter of 1857-8.

Col, James W. Davidson was in his youth inured to the toils of farm life, and also learned the trade of his father. He afterwards acquired a thorough academic education, teaching school two years in Logan and two years in Simpson counties, Ky. He went to Mississippi and remained there about one year. He returned to the old Kentucky home to find that the rest of the family had some time before emigrated to the West. He had traveled from Brandon, Miss., to Barren Co., Ky.,on horseback, and without delay he pressed forward, and by the same conveyance reached Monmouth. Remaining there but a short time, he returned to Kentucky, and at Bowling Green, in the office of W. L. Underwood began reading law. "I During the last two years spent under the instruction of attorney Underwood he taught school in Simpson 1 County, going thence to Logan County, Ky., where ** he taught about two years. At Russellville, Ky., he finished his course of study with lawyer Benjamin E. Gray, and was admitted to the Bar. He landed at Monmouth, May 10, 1839, and at once hung out his shingle as attorney-at-law.

Something of the confidence with which young Davidson inspired the people in his abilities as a lawyer, may be surmised from the fact that before the convening of the first term of Court after his arrival in Warren County, Nov. 1839, he was entrusted with no less than 83 causes. When Court set, however, his early ambition was doomed to disappointment. The cold November day augmented the decline of his young, though invalid wife, and her condition became at once so precarious as to forbid' his absence from her bedside, and the Court convened and adjourned regularly for more than two years without his attendance, Not that his young wife yet required his attention, for before the roses bloomed and while yet the new spring time was just warming into life the little seeds that were to shoot forth the bright flowers and green grasses, Mary E. (Wickware) Davidson, to whom he was married in Kentucky, Aug. 26, 1838, yielded up her life, leaving to the care -of

Mr. Davidson has led the Democratic party of his district in two heated campaigns for Congress, his last nomination being by acclamation at Peoria, in the fall of 1858. In the first, he ran 1,271 votes ahead of Buchanan. Senator Douglas publicly complimented him by saying, "his campaign was, under all circumstances, the grandest he had ever witnessed." In June, 1857, James Buchanan appointed Mr. Davidson United States Marshal for the Northern District of Illinois, but because the influence of the office was not used against Mr. Douglas, Davidson was soon afterward replaced.

At the request of the members of the Bar of his Judicial District, Mr. Davidson ran for the Circuit Judgeship in 18 - , but his Democracy was too pronounced to carry a majority in a district so ultra radical, and previous to the election he withdrew from the contest. In 1844, he was defeated by seven votes f for the Illinois Legislature. For 46 years Mr. David- I son has devoted his time to the practice of law, and * during the last decade has been ranked as the Nestor . of the Warren County Bar. Criminal causes have received so much of his attention as to make it proper I to say that that branch of his practice has been his specialty.

The parents of Mrs. Davidson were James and Lucy O. (Hawkins) Coleman. The father was of German extraction and the mother of Scotch. The family of Mr. Coleman consisted of ten children, five brothers and five sisters. The only survivors are Mrs. Davidson and one brother, William P. Coleman, who is now a resident of Sacramento, California, President of a Sacramento bank, and an influential citizen ; and one sister, the wife of Dr. Huston, of Blandinsville, McDonough Co., this State. One of Mrs. D.'s brothers, Stephen O. Coleman, formerly of St. Louis, Mo., was a soldier in the Mexican war, and in the late war was Captain of the St. Louis Grays and with his company served until near the close of the war, and was killed at the battle of Wilson Creek, near Springfield, Mo.

Rosalind O. and Cordelia A. died in infancy ; Jessie P. is now the wife of Mr. H. A. Webster ; Lucy Ellen, is the widow of Frank Huff; Harry died in infancy; Stephen Lee is a business man in Kansas City ; Julius M. resides at Monmouth ; Kate married a Mr. Johnson ; and Pearlie was united in marriage to a Mr. Montgomery.

illiam P. Pressly was born near Abbeyville, South Carolina, March 17, r8n. His father, David Pressly, and his mother, whose maiden name was Jane Patterson, came from Ireland in their early youth. William was the youngest of seven children. He attended for some time Miami University, at Oxford, Ohio.

In 1832 he bought a farm in Preble Co., Ohio, and engaged in farming with that energy and success that has always marked his busy life. After about 20 years his health failed him, and he went into business for a time in Hamilton, Ohio. In 1859 he came to Monmouth. For one year he farmed west of the city limits. Then he began mercantile life here and from that time to the present he has been identified with Monmouth as one of the most successful, untiring, energetic and reliable of the business men of the city. He dealt finally in dry-goods, and of late years also in groceries.

No man, far or near, has sustained in all these years a more unblemished credit than Mr. Pressly and none have made a more benevolent use of money carefully invested "where it would do the most good." In the year 1863 he gave to Monmouth College 700 acres of choice farming land in Iowa: This would have proved exceedingly valuable to the college if it could have been held for a few years longer. He has given, for the purpose of educating native Egyptian ministers and teachers, $20,000 to missions in that sorely troubled land. He was practical in this as in all his benevolences, thinking .that a native could best deal with natives.

In this county W. P. Pressly will ever be remembered as the founder of the Warren County Library. To establish a library for the county he bought an ample lot and built a substantial and excellent brick building in 1870. He provided .that the building should be kept up, and books constantly purchased from the rents of two large store-rooms, also given by him. As the library has grown in usefulness and other needs have become manifest, he has increased its power for good by increasing his gift. The $18,- ooo which he has expended in this way has founded one of the most successful popular libraries in the West. In accordance with his own idea it is a people's library, for the country as well as for the city. Thus its benefits are intended for and enjoyed by a population four times that of Monmouth.

The practical good sense of a careful business man has given direction and insured success in his own life time, and under his own eye, to that which his money founded and his judgment sanctioned.

Mr. Pressly was married in 1833 to Mary Gilmore, of PrebleCo., Ohio, who died in 1836. In 1838 he was married to Mary Miller, of Virginia. She died in 1885. Their four children, Virginia, Sarah, Mary

Mr. William P. Pressly has always been prominent as a devotedly religious man in Sabbath-school work, in a devout knowledge and use of Scripture, and in that broad Christian charity which lives for others and recognizes " One Lord and One Faith" in the Christian world.

W. Jones, the subject of this brief personal sketch, is one of the leading farmers of Roseville Township, living on section 12. His farm comprises 297 acres and is finely improved and cultivated. He makes a specialty of raising the cereals and is also interested in stock-raising, being succesful in his particular line of labor and a go-ahead, industrious agriculturist.

Mr. Jones was born in Hardin Co., Ky., in 1836, and his parents are Jesse P. and Magdalen (Gray) Jones, both natives of Kentucky. All their lives they followed the occupation in which Mr. Jones is at present engaged. He remained at home until he reached his majority, receiving a common-school education, and soon after leaving home he visited the

State of Illinois, remaining one summer. He then returned to Kentucky, in which State he continued two years, at his home. In 1860 he came to Warren County and rented a farm in Roseville Township. He then, in 1867, bought a farm in Fulton County, which property he held two years, and which he sold at the end of this time, and in 1871 bought his present home. He has been active and energetic and has allowed nothing to deter him from the discharge of his duty, and, as the result of this, he is the owner of one of the pleasantest homes in the county.

In the year 1872 Mr. Jones was united in the holy bonds of matrimony with Mary J. Hiett. To their family circle have been added four children - Emeranza, Mary E , William J. and Edith M. Both himself and wife are members of the Baptist Church and he is a member of the Masonic Order. He has been School Director for some length of time and is a rigid Democrat in belief and sentiment, with which party he also votes. He is one of the representative citizens of Warren County and a desirable friend and neighbor.

f'ohn Flake is one of the settlers of 1856, and a leading farmer by occupation, resid- , ing on section 3, Kelly Township. His farm includes 102 acres, all improved and cultivated, and upon it stands a good and commodious farm residence. He also devotes some attention to stock-raising and has proved himself successful in business.

Mr. Flake was born in Dearborn Co., Ind., Sept. ir, 1830. His father, Amos Flake, was a native of Indiana and of German descent. John grew up from childhood in the county of his birth, living at home on the farm and receiving his education in the common schools. He continued with his parents until his marriage, Oct. 28, 1852, with Miss Amelia Welhoff, who was born in Butler Co., Pa., Nov. 23, 1833, a"d was the daughter of Jacob and Wilhelmina (Steele) Welhoff.

Michael Flake, grandfather of our subject, was of German descent and was one of the first settlers in Dearborn Co., Ind. He "took up " a tract of timber land, upon which he fixed the boundaries and commenced its cultivation and improvement. From here he went to Hawesville, Ky., where he became a slave-holder. The father of the subject came to Mercer County in 1856 and settled in North Henderson Township, where he bought a farm, and where he lived until his death, in 1862.

The father and mother of Mrs. Flake were born in Pennsylvania and Germany, respectively. The young people took up their abode at the Flake homestead, where they lived until 1856. From there they came to Warren County, locating in Kelly Township, where the husband purchased land on section 9, and where they lived for two years. At the expiration of this time he was confronted with the old title, whereupon he leased the place for five years and bought the place which is now his present home.

In 1868 a tornado swept over the country and destroyed his house, barn and fences. This was a great loss to him, but he rallied from the shock and soon after rebuilt, this time a neat frame house.

The family circle of Mr. and Mrs. Flake has been made complete by the addition of six children as follows : Augustus, Laura, Emily, Amos, Hattie and Albert. The father and mother and three of the children of this happy household are members in regular standing in the Methodist Church. Mr. Flake MS a Republican in political sentiment and a useful man in the community. In 1863 he added to his property a sorghum mill, which he has run ever since.

W. Conlee, station agent of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad, at Roseville, is one of the leading representative citizens of this village. He is President of the Village Board and of the Board of Education, and is one of the most enterprising and worthy men claimed by the town. He was born in Morgan Co., 111., in 1847. His parents were Josiah and Mary A. (Brown) Conlee, natives of Madison Co., 111., and Tennessee, respectively. They were by occupation farmers and the father entered the better life in July, 1882. His relict, {he mother, still survives him, living in the home of J. W.

The subject of this notice lived under the parental roof until he reached the age of 22 years, receiving a common-school education, and, while at home, showing an interest in the affairs of the farm, working with his father. He afterward learned telegraphy and was employed by the Chicago & Alton Railroad in the years 1869-70. He went from here into the employ of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad, where for 12 years he has held the position of station and express agent.

He deserted the ranks of single blessedness on behalf of Miss Minnie, daughter of John Powell, of Roseville. The event securing his happiness took

Mr. Conlee is a man of keen foresight and logical common-sense. He feels an interest in public affairs and is Democratic in political sentiment. He is Master Mason in the lodge of that order, an Odd Fellow of the encampment at Bushnell, as well as one of the Select Knights, A O. U. W. He owns a pleasant residence, on the corner of Gossett and Chamberlain Streets, and is desirably situated and filling a wide sphere of usefulness. By religious profession he is a Baptist and an active worker in all philanthropic and worthy enterprises, and may truthfully be called " good," in its worthiest sense.

jasper Galloway is a resident of Little York and a native of Ohio, being born in Green County, Feb, 29, 1844. He is the son of Anthony and Catherine (Junkin) Galloway. His father also was born in Ohio, and his mother came from the State of Pennsylvania. When Casper was nine years of age, his parents came to Illinois and located in Warren County, where they lived for two years, and removing from this place went to Henderson County, where his father bought a farm, in Green Bush Township, close to the Biggsville line. He, however, enjoyed his new home but a short time, being snatched away by death in the prime of manhood, in the year 1856. Following his death, his wife bought a farm over the line in Biggsville Township, which property she still occupies as a home

Mr. Galloway of this narrative grew up in the home of his mother, remaining with the bereaved widow until 1864, and proving a valuable assistant and confidant. At this date he entered Monmouth College, from which institution he graduated with the degree of A. M. in 1870. Soon after graduation he went to Washington, D C., where he received an appointment as clerk in the Census Bureau, in which position he labored for one year and from which he came back to Warren County, engaging as a teacher, in which profession he continued until 1878, when he formed a business association with G. B. Harvey as partner. This was located at Alexis, and he engaged in mercantile pursuits until 1882, at which time he sold out and for about a year was idle. He next took a trip to the West for the purpose of seeing the country, with which he was pleased, so much so that in 1883, he came to Little York, and bought a building then in process of construction. On the completion of the same he formed a business connection with Charles Rogers as associate partner, and the two opened a general

In the year 1873, April 24, he espoused Miss Rebecca A. Wakefield, who was born in MifHand Co., Pa., Dec. 3, 1844. and to them have been given five children, as follows: Horace C., Mary C., Edith, Jennie and Chester A. Mr. and Mrs. Galloway are devoted members of the Presbyterian Church, which religious denomination they strongly support. He is a member of Lodge No. 702, Alexis, A. F. &. A. M., and of Little York Lodge, No. 153, I. O. O. F., and is in politics a Republican.

D. Patch. Standing prominent among the leading merchants of Roseville, and identified as proprietor of the Commercial House, is the gentleman of whom this brief personal sketch is written. The hotel which he conducts has been in active working order since

Mr. Patch was born in Eaton, Carroll Co., N. H., and his parents, originally from Maine, were Dennis and Susan (Drew) Patch. While yet young, Dennis learned the carpenter trade, at which he worked for a number of years, then, in 1857, with his wife and little family, removed to the State of Illinois. Here he settled in Ellison Township, purchasing 80 acres of land, to which he afterwards added 40 acres. Making one or two changes into 'different parts of the township, he eventually settled down and there remained until his death. Their family was unusually large, consisting of 14 children, of whom 12 grew to manhood and womanhood, nine still surviving.

Mr. Patch came to Illinois in 1856, and stopping in Ellison Township, began a teacher's life in the schools of Warren County. At this profession he continued, teaching a large share of the time until

1868, when he bought a farm and engaged in agricultural pursuits. To this, with native thrift, he added work at his trade as a carpenter, until, in

1869, he went to Kewanee, Henry County, and there engaged in mercantile pursuits. Following this for three years, he closed his labors in this direction, and, coming to Roseville, bought a lot and erected the present Commercial Hotel. In 1878, he engaged as clerk in the Grange store and in this business he continued until 1882, when he purchased the entire stock from the company and has since been sole proprietor. To the original goods he has added agricultural implements, reapers, mowers, plows, wagons, etc. He purchased on the corner of Main and Walnut Streets, the Grange stqre and four lots. His stock includes dry goods, boots and shoes, hats and caps, and also groceries. In 1865, Sept. 21, he entered into conjugal relations with Miss Sarah E. Morford, native of Mercer Co., Pa., and daughter of Benjamin Morford of Roseville, now deceased.

The family of Mr. Patch consists of four children - Grace D., Flora M., Fred. G. and Gertrude, one child having been lost by death, a son, named Ralph. Grace and Flora are in attendance at the Hillsdale College, of Michigan. This is their second scholastic year, they expecting to graduate in three years from the date of their entrance to the institution. Mr. Patch is an active worker in public affairs. He is a Greenbacker in political sentiment, and belongs to the A. O. U. W. Lodge, and is well known as a citizen who has at heart the best interests of his home town.

avid Graham, a citizen of Monmouth, was born in Todd Co., Ky., April 12, 1821. , His parents, Matthew and Janette Graham, were of Scotch descent and moved from South Carolina, their native State, to Kentucky,^ about the year 1804, where there were born to* them ten children, eight sons and two daughters. The eldest, Martha Graham McDill, was born in 1805 and died in 1841 ; Andrew, born in 1807, died ' in 1848; John W., born in 1809; Robert C., born in 1811, died in 1878; William M., born in 1814, died in 1863; Margaret Graham Porter, born in 1816, died in 1861 ; Wilson M., born in 1818, died in 1871 ; James H., born in 1823; A. Y.,born in 1826, died in 1876.

David Graham came with his father to Henderson County in 1836, where he was brought up to the vocation of farming, which he has pursued all his life. He removed to Monmouth in 1867, where he has resided ever since. Coming from the old Whig party into the Republican ranks, the latter has been the recipient of his unqualified support ever since, though at no time has he been known as a politician. He was married Nov. 3, 1846, in Warren County, to Miss Elizabeth Brown, daughter of the late Hon. John Brown, of this county. She was born July 8, 1826. They have had born to them six children - Elizabeth (Mrs. G. H. Cowden), Clara (Mrs. A. G. McCoy), James A., Mary L. (Mrs. W. B. Bryson), Fannie, M., and Ralph W., who died in 1861. The family are communicants of the United Presbyterian Church.

IME is ever moving on. The deeds and actions of to-day form the subject of history to-morrow. From the record of these deeds men form opinions, and their actions in the present and future are governed thereby. Warren County furnishes the world a record that is of great interest, a record that tells of heroic deeds of its pioneers, how that vast territory was secured from savage tribes and made the home of civilized man. In Rock Island County originated the troubles, and from this county nearly every movement was made, in the Black Hawk War, and here the chiefs gathered together in council, and treaties were made resulting in lasting peace. Upon the lovely island and magnificent bluffs that overlook the river, the red men were wont to stray, and many beautiful and touching legends are told of their presence here. The white men came, and that country so lovely in nature has been greatly changed, but it can never be robbed of its great beauty. The island and the bluffs still exist, and the valleys are transformed into fields of waving grain. The trails of the hunters and the wily red man have given place to railroads and broad thoroughfares, school-houses, churches, mills, postoffices, manufactories and elegant dwelling-houses are now to be seen upon every hand. The record of the marvelous change is history, and the most important that can be written.

It is but little more than half a century since the white men came to this beautiful land for the purpose of securing homes, but in that time what great and startling events have transpired! Monarchies since then have crumbled into dust and republics have been reared upon their ruins. Inventions that have revolutionized labor have been given to the world, and in much of what has been done the people of Warren County have borne a leading part.

The question is often asked, why men leave the comforts and pleasures of civilized lands and strike out into a new and almost unknown country, bearing the toils and privations which are unavoidable. Not more from choice than necessity did the old pioneers bid farewell to the play-grounds of their childhood and the graves of their fathers. One generation after another had worn themselves out in the service of avaricious landlords, or to eke out a miserable existence upon barren or worn-out land, which they called their own. From the first flashes of the morning light until the last glimmer of the setting sun they had toiled unceasingly on from father to son, carrying home each day upon their aching shoulders the precious proceeds of their daily labor. Money, pride and power were handed down in the line of succession from the rich father to his son, while unceasing work, continuous poverty and everlasting obscurity were the heritage of the working man and his children. For the sons and daughters of the

Without money, prestige or friends, the old pioneers drifted along seeking the garden spot, the place where he might establish a home, where he might educate his sons and daughters, giving them privileges he never enjoyed himself. The broad prairie and beautiful groves of Warren County in that early day were indeed inviting to those seeking a home in a more favored land, and here planted their stakes, many of whom the present generation have reason to rise up and call blessed. To secure and adorn the homes desired by the pioneers, more than ordinary ambition was required, greater than ordinanary endurance demanded. How well they have succeeded, let the broad, cultivated fields and fruitbearing orchards, the flocks and the herds, the palatial residences, the places of business, the spacious halls, the clattering car-wheels and ponderous engines all testify.

There was a time when pioneers waded through deep snows, across bridgeless rivers and through bottomless sloughs, more than a score of miles to mill .or market, and when more time was required to reach and return from market than is now required to cross the continent or Atlantic Ocean. These were the times when their palaces were constructed of logs and covered with " shakes " riven from forest trees. These were the times when children were stowed away during the nights in the low, dark attics, amongst the horns of the elk and the deer, and where through the chinks in the " shakes " they could count the twyikling stars. These were the times when chairs and bedsteads were hewn from the forest trees, and tables and bureaus constructed from the boxes in which goods were brought. These were the days when all were required to work six days in the week and all the hours in a day from sunrise to sunset. Now all is changed. In viewing the blessings which now surround us, we should reverence those that made them possible, and ever fondly cherish in memory the sturdy old pioneer and his log cabin. Generation after generation comes and goes like the leaves of autumn. Nations have been born, have had their rise and fall, and then passed away, leaving scarcely a riffle on the great ocean of time to show that they ever existed, so imperfect and mutable has been the means to perpetuate their achievements. It was left to modern ages to establish an intelligent, undecaying, immutable method of perpetuating this history ; immutable in that it is almost unlimited in extent, and perpetual in its action ; and this is through the art of printing. Nations may become disintegrated and pass away, monuments and statues may crumble into dust, but books will live. This art has been rapidly advancing from its first inception until now it would seem that there were no longer any further grounds for improvement. This is pre-eminently an age of printing, an age of books.

To the present generation, however, are we indebted for the introduction of the admirable system of local history and local biography By this system every man, though he has not achieved what the world calls greatness, lias the means to perpetuate his life, his history through the coming ages ; so alike has every community.

We come now to the work before us : To our pat- 7" rons, we say, that the scythe of Time cuts down all ; nothing of the physical man is left; the monument which his children or friends may erect to his memory in the cemetery will crumble into dust and pass away ; but his life, his achievements, the work he has accomplished, which otherwise would be forgotten, is perpetuated by this book through coming ages. Shakespeare has said :

Our aim in this work has been only to preserve the good. We have sought to gather from the best sources of information obtainable, the conditions and incidents of early pioneer life, and to present them together with the present development of the county. Many of the pioneers came into this beautiful county without a dollar in their pockets, but with the unflinching determination to carve out their fortunes and build up a community. With undaunted hearts and a courage equal to that of the great heroes of our country, they began life.

way of preface to the history of Warren County, a brief account of the settlement and organization of the State of Illinois is essential to the proper understanding of the condition of the country in this part of the State prior to its settlement. The territory now embraced by this State at one time belonged to the Aborigines. The time of their settlement here has never been definitely fixed by history. They have never, however, been treated by historians in other than a nomadic sense ; never having been recognized as citizens, o r even occupants of this continent. Therefore, we will make our bow to the illustrious precedence that has been established by historians, and pass on. We will say, then, that this territory was originally a part of Florida and belonged to the Spanish Government ; that the Spanish chevalier, Fernando de Soto, with his band of followers, was the first to discover this beautiful land. This was as early as 1541. The Spanish, however, never took possession of it and it was first occupied by the French, who, after having planted settlements along the St. Lawrence and in Canada, fitted out one of their Jesuit missionaries and sent him westward up the St. Lawrence. From thence he was to take the Mississippi and follow its course. This explorer was the famous Father Marquette. He reached the great " Father of Waters " in the spring of 167^, hoisted the sails on his little bark canoes, and, with his companions and two Indian guides, with joy unspeakable, floated down the majestic river ' between the broad plains of Illinois and Iowa. While descending the Mississippi, he discovered an Indian trail and immediately moored his boats and took the trail. After walking about six miles, they came to an Indian village, when the inhabitants advanced to meet them, and through their calumets, the pipe of ' peace was smoked. In saluting Father Marquette, they addressed him in a language familiar to him. " We are Illinois, " they said. " How beautiful is the son, O Frenchman, when thou comest to see us Our village awaits thee, thou shalt enter in peace all dwellings." He remained with these hospitable people a few days and then descended the Mississippi River until he was satisfied that it entered into the Gulf of Mexico, when he returned and reaching the 39th degree of north latitude, entered the Illinois River and followed it to its source. He was cordially invited by the Illinois Indians to occupy its banks and remain with them. Desiring;, however, to continue his travels, he declined their generous offer and was conducted by one of the chiefs, accompanied by several of his warriors, to a point near Chicago, if not that point, where he remained to preach the gospel to the Miamis, sending his companions back to Quebec to announce his discoveries. This may be said to be the inception of the settlement of Illinois by the Caucasian race.

thrilled the hearts of many adventurers in France, and among these was Robert Cavalier de la Salle. La Salle came to this country, remained awhile, and then returned to France. He sought an interview at once with Loais XIV, whom he inspired with his own enthusiasm and from whom he received a commission to explore the valley of the Mississippi. He returned with a number of mechanics, military stores, merchandise, etc., in the year 1678. After leaving the St. Lawrence and Niagara Rivers and crossing Lake Erie, he reached Green Bay, and next entered St. Joseph River. At these places he established trading posts. He then descended the Illinois River as far as Lake Peoria, where he was met by a large party of Illinois Indians, who offered him the calumet and with whom he formed an alliance. He was received with great joy and when they learned that he was to establish a colony among them, their happiness knew no bounds. Thus began the first white settlement in this fair Territory.

A long war arose between England and France over the possession of this country. Peace was concluded between these two countries, Feb. 10, 1763, by virtue of which France ceded to England the Canadas, Nova Scotia, Louisiana (east of the Mississippi) and her possessions on the Mississippi and Ohio, which included the Territory of Illinois. At this time the white population numbered about 3,000 souls. These resided along the Mississippi and Illinois Rivers, the largest towns being Kaskaskia and Cahokia.

Although Illinois was ceded in 1863, it was not taken possession of by England until 1765, when Capt. Sterling, sent by Gen. Gage, then Comtnander-in-Chief of the British forces in America, assumed control in the name of Great Britain. Illinois remained in the possession of the British until 1778, when Col. Rogers Clarke was secretly fitted out by the Commonwealth of Virginia with seven companies, money, arms, ammunition and military stores, and clothed with all the authority he could wish. After a brief resistance, he took possession in the name of Virginia. Reporting his signal triumph to the Governor of that Slate, the Legislature passed an act in October, 1778, establishing " As the County of Illinois, all that part of Virginia west of the Ohio " (which surpassed in dimensions the whole of Great Britain), and appointed Col. John Todd Civil Commander and Lieutenant Colonel of that county. After establishing garrisons at Kaskaskia, Cahokia and at the falls of the Ohio (on the site of Louisville), Col. Clarke exerted his great influence to bring about a good feeling between the Indians and the Americans. After the close of the Revolutionary War and the surrender of Cornwallis with his whole army, Oct. 19, 1781, to the Americans, a treaty of peace was signed between England and the United Colonies, by virtue of which the independence of the latter was recognized and all the land East of the Mississippi and south of the lakes Ontario, Erie, Huron, Superior and the Lake of the Woods, which included Illinois, was ceded to the Americans. All this territory, by virtue of the conquest through that renowned soldier, Col. Rogers Clarke, was claimed by Virginia ; in part, it was also claimed by New York, Massachusetts and Connecticut, but having in view the allparamount object, a Union among the States of the Confederacy and the establishment of a permanent Government, the people of these States, through their patriotic influence, ceded all their rights to this - territory, which was called the Northwestern Territory, to the Federal Government. Subsequently Congress, in the summer of 1787, passed a general law for the government of the Territories of the United States. This law provided for a Governor, a Secretary, a Court of three Judges, Representatives, . and a legislative Council, which was to be appointed by Congress. The legislature was authorized to elect by joint ballot a delegate to Congress. Gen. Arthur St. Claire, a distinguished officer of the Revolutionary Army, was appointed to the Governorship (which was the first to be appointed to the Northwestern Territory), and Commander-in-chief of the Territory. The new Government, however, was not destined to remain in peace, for the Indians again commenced hostilities, incited by English gold and also by the hope of recovering their favorite hunting grounds. St. Clair being feeble in health and unable to properly command his troops, was disastrously defeated by the Indians. To remove the disgrace of this defeat and retrieve the credit of the American arms, the gallant Gen. Wayne was sent out, who completely routed the Indians and once more restored peace.

In 1803 a new Territory was formed, called the Territory of Indiana, which embraced the whole of the Northwestern Territory, with the exception of that part from which Ohio was formed, and William

H. Harrison was appointed Governor. This Government remained until 1809, when another change was made and Illinois was erected into an independent Territory, with Ninian Edwards as Governor. Peace had been made and the whole people commenced again their agricultural pursuits on ground which had been occupied by the red men. This condition remained until the second conflict with England, known as the War of 1812. A bold, daring chief, Tecumseh by name, taking advantage of this war between the two countries, incited his people again to battle and joined the British forces, who again occupied a part of this Territory. This war was carried on chiefly in the Northwestern Territory, and Gen. Harrison was one of the chief actors. The conflict was hot and decisive, and the Americans were again victorious. The defeat of the British by Commodore Perry, on Lake Erie, and on land at the battle of the Thames by Gen. Harrison and the gallant Colonel Johnson (in which battle Black Hawk took part), the killing of Tecumseh and the rout and slaughter of his warriors, terminated this conflict in the Norhwestern Territory, which was once more united to the Republic, never again to be separated.

In 1812, under the ordinance of 1787, a delegate was sent to Congress and a Territorial Government established. In this manner the Territory existed, with Ninian Edwards as Governor, until 1818. The population at the close of the War of 1812 did not exceed 12,000 souls. In 1818 the inhabitants numbered 50,000. At the beginning of this year the people of the Territory unanimously resolved to enter the Union as a State, and instructed their delegate, Nathaniel Pope, who was then in Congress, to bring the subject before that body and take such means as was necessary to accomplish this result.

The bill for the admission of Illinois into the Union as a State, was passed in April, 1818. An election was held under the provisions of this Act, for State officers, and Shadrack Bond was chosen Governor, and entered upon the discharge of his duties in October, of the same year, with the seat of government at Kaskaskia. Subsequently, Ninian Edwards and Jesse B. Thomas were chosen Senators. In 1822 Edward Coles, an anti-slavery man, was elected to succeed Gov. Bond. In 1826 Gov. Coles' term expired, and Ninian Edwards was elected to succeed him. This brings the history of the State, the principal points of which have only been touched, down to the period when the settlement of Warren County begins, and at this point the former is left that the history of the latter may be taken up.

HE Legislature of the State of Illinois, at its session during the winter of 1822-23, 'a*d out into counties what is known as the Military Tract, together with other unorganized territory. This land was situated between the Illinois and the Mississippi Rivers, extending as far north as the north line of Warren County. At this session Pike County was formed from this territory, with a county seat at Atlas. Subsequently the counties of Adams, Fulton, Peoria and Schuyler were organized with McDonough attached to the latter for judicial purposes.

During the Legislative session of 1824 and 1825,' Warren County was formed, which comprised all that part of the Military Tract west of the 4th P. M., extending to the Mississippi River, and including the territory now occupied by Henderson County. At this time it was attached to Pike County for judicial purposes. Subsequently it was"1 attached to Peoria County. The county was named after Gen. Joseph Warren, of Revolutionary fame.

The first settlement in the territory now embraced by this county, was made in 1827, by Mrs. Talbot, her son, John B., and her nephew, Allen G. Andrews. For more particular information regarding its early settlement, the reader is referred to the history of the several townships.

The first furrow turned in Warren County soil was in 1828. The foundation for six settlements was made during this and the following year, and the zeal of the settlers was only equaled by their industry, and one pioneer was soon followed by another. By the summer of 1830 it was estimated that there were between 300 and 400 inhabitants in the county, who had established the reputation of being prosperous. Of so much importance had it become that Peoria County deemed it expedient to send up an officer with the view of levying. a tax for her benefit, she having previously established a judicial district here. The inhabitants of Warren, as long as they were not taxed and had a justice before whom they could transact their little legal business, and consummate their matrimonial alliances, did not care to what county they were attached or belonged. Marriage licenses were dispensed with in those days, and all that was required was the posting up of a notice for ten days, announcing the coming event.

There was no road then from this county to Peoria, a distance of some 50 miles, and in going to and from, the Kickapoo and Spoon rivers had to be forded, which was rather dangerous in high water time. So when a movement was made to put a tax on the people of Warren County for the small benefits they had received, they rebelled against it as much as the Boston Tea Party did against the tax of Great Britain.

In the Spring of 1830, therefore, having a desire to manage their own municipal affairs, and to have whatever taxes they might be called on to pay go into their own exchequer; and believing, also, that they had the requisite population for a full county organization, they petitioned the Hon. Richard M. Young, Judge of the Fifth Judicial Circuit, for an order to

: hold an election for the purpose of forming a complete county government. About this period the census had been taken by a commissioner sent on

- by the county court of Peoria County, who reported about 300 inhabitants, which was not sufficient for a county organization ; nor was this report satisfactory to the people of Warren County, who claimed about 400. Subsequently the U. S. Marshal passed through the county and reported 350.

Daniel McNeil was selected to go with the petition and present it to Judge Young, who was then at Peoria. The Judge saw the justice of the petition, and at once granted the prayer of the citizens of Warren, and appointed Saturday, the third day of July, A.D. 1830, for the election of three County Commissioners, one Sheriff and one Coroner. The election was to be held at the house of Adam Ritchey, for the purpose of having this order carried into execution. He appointed John B. Talbot, Adam Ritchey, Jr., and Robert K. Hendricks, Judges of the said election. The election was to be held viva voce, between the hours of 9 o'clock in the forenoon, and 7 o'clock in the afternoon.

came as all things do, in good time. It wa beautiful day. A lovely breeze was wafted over the prairies; a few clouds flitted above in the blue summer sky, the air was balmy and enlivened by the sweet songs of wild birds. After their morning's work was done, the voters wended their way from their several homes to the place of election to cast their first vote in their new settlement, to exercise the great gift of the freeman. What a precious boon is this ! The right of self-government; the exercise of suffrage, holding within ourselves the power to regulate and control our political affairs. And yet, how little is it appreciated by some, and to what extent are its grand and sacred rights abused! There was no politics in this election, and the voters cast their tickets for the men they deemed most worthy. The election passed off harmoniously, and the hope was expressed that in all future elections there would be the same good feeling manifested, and the same integrity of the ballot-box preserved.

The election resulted in the choice of John Pence, John B. Talbot and Andrew Ritchey, Jr., for County Commissioners; John Rust, Sheriff; and John Ritchey, Coroner.

The persons named in Judge Young's order for Judges of Election, declined to serve, and the people appointed Robert K. Hendricks, Sheldon Lockwood and Peter Butler in their places. For Clerks of Election, they appointed Stephen S. Phelps and Daniel McNeil. There were 37 votes polled at this election, three voters being absent.

The county was organized, the Commissioners assumed their duties, and for many years the political government of the county was very nicely conducted in this way. For a brief season it was under the management of the County Court, but for over thirty years the public affairs of the county have been in the hands of the Board of Supervisors. After the organization of the county, the settlers felt themselves of greater importance, and worked for the progress of their new homes with renewed zeal. It was many years, however, before the beautiful and fertile prairies were settled. In fact this was not done to any considerable extent until the advent of the "iron horse." The introduction of railroads stimulated emigration, and increased the activity in manufactures and agricultural pursuits. While the county through its generous aids to railroad enterprises has encumbered itself with a large debt, yet it has been benefitted by the rise of property and the general development and increase of all branches of industry.

From the advent of the Talbots, its first settlers, in 1827, it has moved steadily on, with few drawbacks, until it now has an estimated population of 23,000, with an assessment value, as shown by the reports of 1885, of $4,928,755 on the improved lands; $68,655 on unimproved lands ; town lots, $794,872 ; personal property, $1,583,087. Strictly speaking, there is no unimproved land in the county. For a general average of valuation of lands, the county ranks among the first in the State, and by no means would it appear insignificant if compared with the counties of any of the Eastern States, and if the editor who wrote the following stanza, in r847, could pass over this country now, and through its broad, cultivated fields and elegant homes, he would undoubtedly be ashamed of his verse :

The old log cabins have disappeared and in their places are fine dwellings ; ox teams as a means of travel and transportation are gone, and the steam car now rushes over the prairie; the mortar and corn-cracker live only in the memory of the pioneer, while the products of the roller mill are placed in his store room ; the dread of the savage no longer disturbs his slumbers, nor does the wolf come in the darkness of the night to destroy his flocks. With complacency he can take a retrospective view of the past and contemplate the transformations made during half a century. Yes, half a century ago, before the pioneer there was doubt and uncertainty, privations and dangers; before him to-day, standing out in broad, radiant light, is a complete social and political government, under American institutions and shining resplendent with American freedom.

HEN this Territory was first occupied by the Aborigines or Indians, has never been definitely ascertained. When Father Marquette, with his companions, sailed down the Mississippi in their frail bark canoes, they discovered a trail leading out from Illinois' beautiful shores and following it, came, after a journey of a few miles, to an Indian village. The inhabitants of this primitive village came forward to meet Father Marquette and party, and addressing them in a language that was familiar to Marquette, said, "We are Illinois," which translated means, "we This was in the summer of 1673. After remaining here awhile, Father Marquette and party sailed down the Mississippi River until he satisfied himself that this river emptied into the Gulf of Mexico. Then he returned and entered the Illinois River and followed it to its source. Along its banks as well as at its source, he found Indian settlements. These Indians desired him to remain with them and make their home his home, but desiring to pursue his explorations, he declined their generous invitation and was conducted by some of their chiefs to the site now occupied by Chicago. At this place he also found an Indian settlement, the Miamis.

large water courses, among which were the villages of Kaskaskia and Cahokia. The first people to settle among the Indians were the French, and they were most heartily welcomed, and lived together on the most friendly terms with these then very innocent and warm-hearted people. It is evident that had there been no conflict between France and England, and, later on, none between England and America, there never would have been any trouble between the white and the red man.

From the discovery of this country by Columbus, to the commencement of hostilities between the white inhabitants, all travelers and settlers to this country were received with the greatest cordiality. These innocent people were deluded and deceived, first by one white faction and then by another, until they did not know who to believe, nor who, if any, were their real friends. This much may be consistently said in palliation of the atrocities in after years committed by them.

The Sac tribe of Indians, at the close of the long war between England and France over the Canadian Territory, which terminated in favor of the former, were driven from their village near Quebec, by the united efforts of the different tribes of Indians then inhabiting that country. They then settled at Montreal, from which place they were subsequently again driven by the combined strength of their enemies to Mackinac. Here they met the British troops, who gave them provisions and made them presents. They were not permitted to remain long here, for their remorseless enemies still pursued them, driving them from one place to another, until they reached Green Bay, where they first met the Fox Indians.

They made a village near Green Bay on what was afterward named Sac River. They held a council with the Foxes and a national alliance was formed between them. Subsequently the Foxes abandoned their village and joined the Sacs, and as neither were sufficiently strong to meet their enemies with any hope of success, they soon became as one band or nation of people. They were still driven, however, by their enemies to the Wisconsin River, where they remained in peace for some time. While here a party of their young men started out on an expedition, and coming to Rock River, followed it to its mouth. They then returned to the village and made a report of all they had seen of the beautiful country and large rivers below. Upon hearing the reports of the grand country south from the young men, these tribes gathered up their little possessions, descended the Rock River, met the Kaskaskias, drove them away, and commenced the building up of a new village, which they resolved never to leave.

This was the first settlement in the territory now embraced by Illinois, made by the Indians after the whites came in. With this settlement was Pyesa, father of Black Hawk ; and here Black Hawk, who was the great grandson of Nanamakee, was born, in 1767 ; here, also, Black Hawk learned the first lessons of war, going out with his father, who had joined the Muscows, against the Osages. During the war with the Osages, Black Hawk distinguished himself as a fighter. Finally this tribe became satisfied to live in their own country. After peace had been established with the Osages, a war with the Cherokees came on. In the war with this nation, Black Hawk's Qther was killed, and he became chief and fell heir to tlie great medicine bag of his forefathers. Black Hawk, after a long and arduous campaign wilh the Chippewas, Kaskaskias and Osages, delivered his hunting-grounds from these enemies. He then, with many of his braves, visited St. Louis, to pay his respects to his " Spanish father," as he termed him. It was while here that he was informed that the Americans were coming to take charge of the country. This made Black Hawk sad, for he had been prejudiced against the Americans by the British. They soon arrived, and Black Hawk met them for the first time as he went to take leave of the Spaniards. As the Americans came in one door, Black Hawk with his followers went out the other and returned to their home on Rock River. On arriving home, they reported what they had seen and the new people they had met.

Some time after, Lieut. Pike with some soldiers arrived at their village. This was the first time the Indians here met the Americans on their own hunting grounds. Lieut. Pike found these Indians waving the British colors, and he gave them an American flag, which they raised.

During the War of the Revolution, between Great Britain and the Colonies, most of the Indian tribes took part with the former. In the treaty of peace between the two countries, the Indians had not been included. Several tribes, therefore, stimulated on by English gold, continued their hostilities, and in the Northwestern Territory several hundred whites had been killed, including men, women and children, before the Government took active measures to stop the slaughter. This work was delegated to Gen., Arthur bt. Clair, former Governor of the Territory, which was in 1791. The expedition of Gen. St. Clair, owing possibly to his feeble health, was dis-= astrous. The Americans were completed routed, a panic seized the army and they could not be brought to a standstill until they reached Fort Jefferson., Subsequently a new and larger force was sent out under the command of Gen. Wayne, one of the heroes of the Revolution, which proved more successful than the former ; the Indians were defeated at every point and sued for peace, which was concluded Aug. 7, 1795. During these two conflicts, Little Turtle was the most skillful and indefatigable chief among them. Peace was restored once more and so remained for many years, the >vhites pursuing their occupations on soil once the favorite hunting ground of the Indians.

Prior to the War of 1812, there rose in this country an Indian of most extraordinary character, a great warrior and considerable of a statesman. His name was Tecumseh, chief of the Pawnees. He sought to unite all the Indian tribes in one grand effort against the Americans to recover their lost hunting grounds. As a preliminary step, he sought to educate his people, to improve their morals and instill into their hearts a more ardent love of country. He had several interviews with Gov. Harrison, 'who was formerly the Governor of this. Territory and a.t.

this time was Governor of Indiana Territory, with a view of regaining this country for his people. At the last interview, the Governor plainly told him " that the President would put his warriors in petticoats sooner than give up the country he had fairly acquired, or to suffer his people to be murdered with impunity."