Ustick Township (part 1 of 2)

Ustick Township

HE territory that is now embraced by this township originally belonged to Union and Albany Precincts, and subsequently the whole was attached to Fulton Precinct, and so remained until the township system was adopted. Notice having been given that there would be an election on the sixth day of April, 1852, for the purpose of forming a township under the organization act, the citizens of this territory accordingly assembled together at the Franklin Schoolhouse, in what is now School District No. 2, to perfect said organization. Henry Ustick was chosen Moderator, and A. M. Abbott Clerk. A committee of five were appointed to draft by-laws - Benjamin Abbott, S. W. Goff, Oliver Baker, Reuben Baker and Joseph Hollinshead. One of the by-laws - the first - was that the township should be known as Hemlo.

There were 26 votes cast at this election, with the following result: John McKenzie was chosen for Supervisor; A. M. Abbott, Clerk; Henry Ustick, Assessor ; Ira E. Baker, Collector, and Jesse O. Johnson, Overseer of the Poor ; Hiram Ingham and Reuben Baker were elected as Commissioners of the Highway ; N. M. T. Ustick and Ira E. Baker, "Constables ; and Henry Ustick and Oliver Baker, Justices of the Peace.

Ustick Township is quite diversified in its topography, having extensive plains, high bluffs and undulating surfaces. It has a fine growth of young timber, with many old forest groves. It is liberally watered by the Otter and numerous small creeks.

This township was not settled as early as some of the others. W. Y. Ives was the first pioneer to come in and enter a claim, which was in June, 1837. He located on section 19. Had the elements been in his favor he would have taken possession of a piece of Uncle Sam's dominions a year earlier. He left New Haven, Conn., in the spring of 1836, with the intention of going around the lakes to Illinois, but was wrecked on Lake Erie. After repeated efforts to complete his journey, he arrived as far as Detroit. It then being pretty late in the season, he turned his back on the " Great West" and returned to New Haven. The next spring he took a different route, coming to Pittsburg, thence down the Ohio River, and up the Mississippi to Albany, where he staid two months, and then went into Ustick. Soon after his arrival he put up a log cabin, which was the first house built in Ustick Township. He broke his ground and put in a crop the same year, which was the first in the township. Ives was a great hunter, and used to travel far and wide in his hunting expe- ditions. Soon after Mr. Ives located his claim, Edward Corbin came in and made a claim adjoining. He did not work his claim long, but sold out to Mr. Ives. Ives is now living at Fulton, and is in his 75th year. (See page 241.) During the latter part of 1837 Amos Short and Edward Ralph came in from Indiana. Mr. Short located on section 18. He afterwards emigrated to Oregon, and was drowned in the Columbia River. Henry Bond, Allen and Louis Graves, Henry Cone and Jesse Johnson, from New York, came in 1838. The Graveses, Bond and Cone located on section 18, and Johnson on section 8. The following year added quite a large number to the pioneer list, and each succeeding year increased the population. Louis and Allen Graves, Henry Bond and Jesse Johnson are all dead.

The first birth in the township was that of Rosetta, daughter of Thomas and Louise (Ingham) Patrick, in 1840. Rosetta's parents were the first couple married in the township, which event occurred in the spring of 1839.

Miss Armenia Ingham has the credit of opening the first school, which was in the summer of 1841. There was no school buildings then, and no surplus room of any other kind. Mr. Short, however, had a log cabin, above which was an attic, and here a school-room was improvised, and the ambitious Armenia presided over her little charge. As years passed by they improved on this system, and a stone school-house was erected on seceion 8, and afterwards located as District No. i. This was in 1844, and Sarah Jenks was employed as the teacher.

At a meeting of some of the citizens of Ustick, at Fulton, for the purpose of petitioning the general Government for a mail route and a postoffice, the question came up about the name to be given to the office. Finally they decided to put some letters in a hat, and then draw them out. This was done, and the letters, as they were drawn out, spelled the name of " Hemlo." This petition was granted, and a route was established, running from Sterling to Fulton. A. M. Abbott was appointed Postmaster, and the office located at his house, which was on section 32. Mr. Abbott's appointment dated Nov. 19, 1850, and he was the first postmaster of the township. It

The name of Ustick was given to the township upon its organization, against the wishes of most of the citizens. It was named after Henry Ustick, who came to the township in 1845, settling on section 34. The people did not like the name, and petitioned the County Commissioners to have it changed to that of Hemlo, but their wishes were not respected. They then petitioned the Legislature, but with like result. The office was removed from Hemlo to Clifton in 1858, and Mrs. Francis Martin was appointed to the place. It was abolished a few years later, upon the establishment of an office at Union Grove. Ustick has no town within her borders for a market, or trading purposes, and the people either go to Fulton or Morrison to sell their products and do their trading.

The Chicago & Northwestern Railroad crosses the southwest corner of the township, entering on section 33, running up into section 29, and deflecting southward again, passes out along the lower line of section 30.

The school section (16) was regarded by the citizens as of little value, and efforts were made with the General Land Office, at Washington, to assign a more available section, so that it could be sold and a respectable fund raised for school purposes ; but the request was not listened to. Mr. Ives proposed to buy it at one time for a deer park, and offered as high as $800 for it. This proposition was not accepted. It was finally sold for $2,600, and the money was appropriated for school purposes.

The people have given especial attention to their public highways, and the result of this has been that they have now good roads throughout their township.

The citizens of Ustick showed great patriotism during the War of the Rebellion. All the ablebodied men of the township turned out to save the Union. In this they deserve great credit. There were not at the close of the war half a dozen men liable to duty.

The massacre of the Oatman family, who lived in Ustick, deserves a special mention in this work. Roys Oatman came from Hancock County, 111., with his wife and children in 1842, and located in

Ustick Township, on section 32. He remained here cultivating his farm until 1849, when, getting the California fever, he sold his farm to Henry Bond, and commenced his preparations for the new Eldorado. Having completed his preparations, he moved out one April morning, in 1850, with his family, consisting of a wife and seven children, three boys and four girls. His outfit consisted of three wagons, three yokes of oxen and two spans of horses. These wagons contained household goods, clothing and provisions. They joined other emigrant trains on the way and traveled with them for some days, when, having better teams, they went on ahead, leaving'the others behind. They journeyed on very pleasantly until they passed into the Territory of Arizona, - the Indian country, - where they became subjected to constant annoyances. The first of these was the want of feed for their teams. Soon the Indians began pestering them, stealing their horses or cattle, goods, and their provisions. At last they reached a long hill, about 150 miles from Fort Yuma, and stopped for a short rest. They were reduced now to one yoke of oxen and a wagon. The oxen were mere skeletons, and were nearly worn out and starved. They had unloaded the wagon preparatory to carrying the goods up the hill, leaving the oxen to haul up the empty wagon. At this juncture, Dr. John Le Conte, a scientist and geologist, came upon the party. He was traveling to California with an attendant, each mounted on a horse. The Dr. tarried for a while, talking with Mr. Oatman and family, and before he left was fully apprised of their perilous condition. Mr. Oatman urged him to hurry on to Fort Yuma and send troops back to his rescue. Dr. Le Conte promised to do this, and immediately started forward. Arriving at the fort he made known the condition of the Oatman family, and their eminent danger of being at any moment murdered by the Indians. Gen. Samuel P. Heintzelman, who was then in command of the fort, immediately sent out a force for their rescue. The troops on their way came upon the massacred party but a few miles west of the hill where Le Conte had parted from them ! The bodies of Mr. and Mrs. Oatman and four of their children lay about on the ground in a fearfully mutilated condition. The fate of the other three remained a mystery. A grave was dug by the soldiers large enough to receive all the

The boy, Lorenzo, aged 14 years, who had been left as dead by the savages, recovered- sufficiently to walk, and, taking the road his fated parents had so recently passed over, soon came upon the emigrants they had left in the rear. They took up the poor orphan boy, and carried him through with them to California.

The Indians committing the massacre were the Apaches. They carried Olive and Mary Ann, aged respectively twelve and seven years, off with them, and afterwards sold them to the Mohaves and Yumas, who made slaves of them. After being two years in captivity Mary Ann died of starvation. Olive was rescued in 1856, by the late Gen. Saml. P. Heintzelman, who was then in command of Fort Yuma. A Yuma Indian coming into the fort reported that there were two white girls with the Mohave tribe. Steps were at once taken to get them. Trusted officers were sent to the Mohave tribe. It was discovered that only one white girl was with them, and this was poor Olive Oatman, her sister Mary having died, as before stated. Her freedom was obtained from the Indians by giving in exchange ponies, and she was taken into the fort. It was many days before she could speak the English language. Her mother tongue, however, in time came back to her. She then gave a full account of her sad captivity, the fate of her sister, and the massacre, the horrible impressions of which had never been erased from her mind. She had fortunately fell into the hands of the chief, who adopted her as his daughter. She was never molested, but retained her chastity during her long captivity, though she was made to work. She remained in California a year going to school, when she returned to the States. In 1860 she was married to John B. Fairchild. They moved to Sherman, Texas, where they are still living. Olive was a niece of A. M. Abbott, of Ustick. She had been tattooed after the manner of the Indians, and still carries the marks on her chin.

The Presbyterians have a society at Spring Valley, where they have a neat little church. This was organized in 1860, by Rev. A. H. Lackey. There were at the organization some twenty members. They worshiped in a school-house until they completed their building, which was in 1866, at a cost of over $2,000. The ministers serving this Church are Revs. J. B. McClure, A. Keigwin, A. H. Lackey, A. W. Colver, A. W. Hanna, W. D. Lummis, and F. J. Prichert.

Methodist Episcopal Church. - A meeting was held by the members belonging to the Methodist Church at the Franklin School-house March 5, 1871. John O. Odlin was made chairman, and John Lawton clerk. It was moved and carried that they organize a society, and that it be called the Methodist Episcopal Church. It was also decided to erect a church building, and a site was selected adjoining and south of the school grounds. The building was completed, and dedicated in August, 1872. It is a very neat, substantial building, costing $1,800.

About half a mile distant from the Franklin Church is the Franklin Cemetery, which belongs to this society. It is a very pretty little cemetery, and beautifully located ; and what is worthier still, well taken care of. Ustick is a pleasing township to look at. It is dotted all over with grand and beautiful farms, which are well fenced and skillfully cultivated. The farm buildings are good, the dwellings first-class, many of them having been constructed with artistic skill.

Whites1De County

EW cities in the West present more natural advantages than Sterling. Situated upon the north side of Rock River, it extends along its banks over two miles and back from the river from one-half to threefourths of a mile. The land is high enough above the river bank to prevent it being overflowed, even in high water.

In June, 1834, Hezekiah Brink made a settlement on the southeast quarter of section 22, and commenced its improvement. His house, constructed of logs and rifted lumber, stood upon what is now block 34. At this time he had probably no thought that around him would spring up a thriving city, with manufactories affording employment to hundreds of men and a mercantile trade second to no city of its size in the State.

In the spring of 1835, William Kirkpatrick made a claim a little west of Mr. Brink's. Mr. Kirkpatrick was then the owner of a mill on Yellow Creek, near Freeport, Stephenson County, and also had a large claim in that vicinity. His claim here was considered made for speculative purposes by the settlers, who were not favorable to " land sharks," as they were called. They made known to him their views and he asked a conference. After several meetings were held Mr. Kirkpatrick entered into bond in the sum of $1,000, by which he agreed to lay out a town at the Rapids of Rock River within one year. The bond was made and executed Nov. 16, 1835, to Isaac H. Albertson, Simeon M. Coe, Wyatt Cantrell, Solomon Whitman, Ward Storer, Nathaniel

Morehouse, John J. Albertson, Harvey Morgan and John Simonson. The conditions of the bond were duly complied with by Mr. Kirkpatrick, and the prospective village given the name of Chatham.

In 1837, it was found that the original survey made by Joseph Crawford was incorrect, and therefore a re-survey was made by Charles R. Rood. About 500 lots were platted. The village of Chatham was bounded on the east by the street now known as Cherry Street in the city of Sterling, on the north by the city limits, and the west by what is now A Street, and on the south by the river.

In the meantime Hezekiah Brink determined to lay out a village upon his claim, and says he had the survey and platting done before Mr. Kirkpatrick had that of Chatham.

-On the isth day of May, 1836, the steamer Pioneer, Capt. D. S. Harris, came up the Rock River, and with the aid of the settlers and their oxen succeeded in getting over the rapids, effecting a landing near the residence of Mr. Brink. The steamer was loaded with groceries and provisions, which were disposed of to the settlers, Mr. Brink taking the greater portion in payment for a part of his claim, which he deeded to Capt. Harris, it being understood between them that jointly they would lay out a town. Accordingly, a few months after, Israel Mitchell, of Jo Daviess County, made a survey and platted a v,llage, to which was given the name Harrisburg, in honor of Capt. Harris.

A meeting was held on the boat, while it was being taken over the rapids, and it was decided to petition the Postoffice Department to establish here a postoffice, under the name of Rock River Rapids, with Hezekiah Brink as Postmaster. The

With the stock of goods purchased of Capt. Harris, Mr. Brink opened the first store in the new town. In the summer of 1837 he formed a partnership with Elijah Worthington, and under the firm name of Brink & Worthington continued the business, adding dry goods and notions, purchasing the stock of a dealer at Sugar Grove, in Lee County. The firm of Brink & Worthington continued in business until 1839, when they closed out. Theodore and Elijah Winn were the next merchants in Harrisburg. They continued in business but a short time, Brownshields & Fuller were the next to engage here in business.

While these events were transpiring in Harrisburg the proprietors of the rival village of Chatham were not idle and were using every exertion to build up thatplace. In the winter of 1836-7, Mason & Barnett opened a general stock of merchandise, the first general stock in Whiteside County. Several dwelling houses were erected, and the " future great " of Whiteside County started on its way rejoicing.

Between the two villages was a space of ground which was known as neutral territory. When the organization of the country had been determined upon, the villages of Chatham and Harrisburg were each anxious to secure the county seat. Being rivals, neither would be willing the other should have it; so they determined to make common cause. The neutral ground was surveyed and platted, thus uniting the two towns, and after much discussion the name of Sterling was adopted. The choice of a name was left to Hezekiah Brink and E. B. Worthington, representing Harrisburg, and Nelson Mason and Hugh Wallace, repiesenting Chatham. Not being able readily to agree on a name, it was determined to throw up a copper, the winning party to bestow the name, and also to have the county buildings placed upon that side of Broadway which they represented. Mason and Wallace won, the latter naming the town in honor of an old friend, Col. Sterling, of Pennsylvania. At the election held in 1839, for the location of the county seat, it was finally determined that Sterling had a majority of the votes, and the coveted prize was secured, and the county buildings were in due time erected, upon block 57, west of Broadway.

For a detailed history of the county-seat contests which followed, Sterling finally losing the prize, the reader's attention is called to page 815.

Notwithstanding the two towns had united, the rivalry between the upper and lower towns, as the two extremes were called, continued to exist, and every effort was made by the friends of either to build up their respective sections, even if done at the expense of the other. This rivalry retarded the growth of Sterling materially, and it has been but a few years since the contest was abandoned, the lower town, by reason of securing the railroad depots, water power and manufactories, being victorious.

Until the completion of this railroad, in 1855, the growth of Sterling was very slow, many of the surrounding towns, like Dixon, Fulton and Albany, being far more prosperous and with apparently a much brighter career before them. But the advent of the railroad infused new life into the business men and capitalists of the place, and from the moment the sound of the steam whistle was heard till the present time, Sterling has had a steady, sterling growth.

The railroad was completed to this place in June, 1855, and the dam soon afterwards completed. Manufactories in due time began to be built, palatial stores and elegant dwelling-houses erected, and, as has been said, few cities of its size present more attractions to the stranger, as well as the citizens of the place, as Sterling.

Incorporation

Sterling was incorporated as a city under a special charter, granted by the General Assembly, and approved Feb. 1 6, 1857. Previous to this time, it had been an unincorporated village. The first election under the charter was held in April, and the first meeting of the new council was held April 23, 1857. An adjourned meeting was held on the 25th, when L. King Hawthorne was elected City Clerk ; Edward N. Kirk, City Attorney; Winfield S. Wilkinson, City Surveyor. Tne first ordinance was passed and approved by the Mayor May 2, 1857, and related to the duties and salary of the City Surveyor. The following named have served the city in the office of Mayor: Lorenzo Ha pgood, 1857-59; Nelson Maxson, 1860; John L. Price, 1861 ; Nelson Maxson, 1862 ; Fred Sackett, 1863; Samuel S. Patterson, 1864; Nelson Maxson, 1865 ; Thomas A. Gait, 1866; Benjamin C. Coblenz, 1867-68; C. D. Sanford, 1869;

As early as 1836 an attempt was made to establish here a postoffice, with Hezekiah Brink as Postmaster, but that gentleman refused the proffered honor. In 1837 John D. Barnett received the appointment of Postmaster, and the Rock River postoffice was established here. The postoffice was kept in Mason & Barnett's store, a small frame building standing on the river bank, in what was then the village of Chatham. Mr. Barnett was Posrmaster about one year, when Daniel D. Guiles received the appointment and moved the office to Harrisburg, keeping it in a frame building south of the present Lincoln Park. In 1841 E. B. Worthington was appointed Postmaster, keeping the office at his house, on Main street, in Harrisburg. Subsequently he purchased some lots lying between the two villages, where he built a house and moved the postoffice into it. This was satisfactory to the citizens of both villages, and Mr. Worthington was permitted to retain the office for about 1 2 years. He was succeeded by Bradley Nichols, who removed the office to a building on the north side of Third Street, but west of Broadway.

Joseph Hutchinson was the next Postmaster. He was a strong Democrat, an adherent of Buchanan, and received his appointment from that gentleman. The citizens of the place were not consulted in the matter and were angry ; and their anger was increased when Mr. Hutchinson removed the office to his store, known as the '' stone front," situated on Third Street. This was then some distance west of the business portion of the town. The excitement that followed was great and did not easily subside, but grew in intensity until it got so hot that some of the dissatisfied in the upper part of Sterling, together with sympathizers from the country, would not mail or receive letters at the Sterling postoffice, but sent them to Nelson or Como. One day, after a heavy fall of rain, and when the streets were a sea of mud, almost without bottom, about 50 of the citizens of the upper town, including some from the country, headed by merchants, lawyers and doctors, rolled up their trousers, arranging them to carry as much mud as would naturally deposit itself in the roll, started for their mail through the middle of the street. Arriving at Hutchinson's store, where the office was kept, they must pull down their trousers, of course, and stamp off the mud. Being somewhat noisy and demonstrative in that performance, L. D. Crandall, who was then Sheriff, was suddenly impressed with the idea that it was his duty to command the peace. Climbing upon the counter for that purpose, he left his deposit of real estate greatiy to the detriment of the dry goods there on sale. The office was soon after moved a little farther up town. L. King Hawthorne was Hutchinson's successor, receiving his appointment from Abraham Lincoln. He served until his death, about three years after. Mrs. E. J. B. Bushnell was next appointed. Her petition was presented to Lincoln by E. B. Washburne. After reading it, and examining the accompanying documents, Mr. Lincoln entered upon it the following endorsement : '' Mr. Washburne has presented to me the papers in this case. Finding Mrs. Bushnell as well recommended as any other, and she being the widow of a soldier who fell in battle for the union, let her be appointed." Mrs. Bushnell held the office about eight years, when she resigned to be united in marriage with Major M. S. Henry. Under the administration of Mrs. Bushnell, the office was removed to No. 90 Mulberry Street, between Second and Third Streets. Mrs. Electa E. Smith was appointed to succeed Mrs. Bushnell. She served until the present incumbent, Chas. M. Worthington, was appointed. The office was removed to the corner of Fourth and Locust Streets, where it yet remains in a neatly furnished room.

Religious

The various religious denominations are well represented in this city, some of which have handsome church edifices. The first services by a minister of the gospel were held at the house of Hezekiah Brink, in 1836, Rev. Barton H. Cartwright, of the Methodist Episcopal Church, officiating. For some years services were held in private houses by such ministers as were passing. When the Court-House was built, the court-room was used for such purposes. The old stone school-house was also used for a time.

Broadway Methodist Episcopal Church. - In 1 838 Rev. B. H. Cartwright organized a class of six members, consisting of Mr. and Mrs. Hezekiah Brink, Mr. and Mrs. Luther Bush, Mrs. Pratt and Mrs. Geer.

From this small beginning grew the present Broadway Methodist Episcopal Church, which is the parent of the Fourth Street Church. Of the original membership, Hezekiah Brink yet remains to worship with the congregation. The others have passed " over the other side." ' The Church has had its seasons of prosperity and seasons of adversity, but has continued on its way trying to serve the Mascer as best it could, and in the old church, erected in 1855, the faithful assemble each Sabbath-day, and in true Methodistic style worship the living God. In 1855 the Church was made a station, previous to which time it had been attached to the Buffalo Grove Circuit. The Church numbers at present 100 members, with Rev. J. S. David as pastor. Wm. Lightcap is the Superintendent of the Sabbath-school, which has an average attendance of 100.

The First Presbyterian Church dates its existence from Nov. 4, 1844, when it was organized by a committee from the Schuyler Presbytery. Ten persons comprised the original membership. John Gait was the first ruling elder, serving until his death in 1866. In 1848 a church edifice was commenced, but not fully completed until 1852. The Church has had a very prosperous existence, and in point of numbers outranks any Protestant Church in the city. In 1884 the erection of a new house of worship was commenced, the finishing touches on which are being done as this history is compiled. The building will be the handsomest one for religious purposes in the city, and will cost, when completed, $25,000. Rev. N. H. G. Fife is the present pastor. J. G. Manahan is Superintendent of the Sabbath-school.

St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church was organized in December, 1854, under the pastoral care of Rev. Wm. Uhl, with a membership of n, which has been increased to 118. A house of worship was erected in 1856. Rev. E. Brown has been pastor of the Church since 1873. Frederick M. Eyster is Superintendent of the Sabbath-school, which has an average attendance of about 100.

First Baptist Church was organized June i, 1856, with 1 1 members. Meetings were first held in the school-room of the Presbyterian church, and then in Crandall's Hall, and subsequently in Boynton's Hall, until the erection of their church edifice. The membership of the Church grew rapidly, and soon a larger building was required; therefore, in 1873, the present building was erected, at a cost of $20,000. This building is 45 x 82 feet in size. Rev. J. T. Mason was the first regular pastor, beginning his labors in November, 1856, and serving until November, 1883, when he resigned and removed to Montana. Rev. A. J. Brown is the present pastor, and the Church has a membership of 240. A Sunday-school is maintained, with an average attendance of 135, A. S. Todd being the Superintendent.

Congregational Church. - A meeting was held in the Second Ward School-house, April 15, 1857, to consider the question of the organization of a Congregational Church. An adjourned meeting was held at the Boynton House, April 17. At this meeting it was voted unanimously to organize, and on the 2ist of June the organization was completed, 30 persons uniting in forming it. The first meetings of the Church were held in the Commercial Hall, and then a room was rented in the Central Block, where services continued to be held until the erection of their church edifice, in the spring of 1864. The congregations increasing, it became necessary to enlarge their house of worship, which was accordingly done in 1870. The Church has occupied a leading position in the community from the beginning. The present membership is 150. Rev. Martin Post is the present pastor. He began his labors in July, 1884. The Sunday-school is under the superintendency of J. K. Chester and has an average attendance of 130. A pipe organ is being constructed, at a cost of $2,500. The Church is in a flourishing condition.

St. Patricks Catholic Church. - The parish was organized in 1860, previous to which time it had been connected with Dixon. A church building, together with the priest's residence, was erected in 1865. Rev. Mr. Herbert was the first priest in charge, being succeeded by Rev. J. Daly in June, 1863. Father Daly served for 12 years, and did much in building up the cause in this place. Rev. M. J. Byrnes succeeded Father Daly, and in turn was succeeded by Rev. C. J. O'Callaghan.

Evangelical Association. - This society was organized in 1864. The first pastor was Rev. J. M. Lindlinger. The membership at that time was but small and scattering. A church building was soon afterwards erected, on the corner of Fifth and Pine Streets, at a cost of $3,500. In size it is 36 x 54.

The membership of the Church is now 55. Rev. H. Moser is the pastor. John Curfurs is Superintendent of the Sunday-school, which has an average attendance of 65.

Grace Church {Episcopal). - The parish was organized in 1864, and a house of worship erected in 1865, at a cost of $15,000. Previous to this time services were held in Wallace's Hall. Rev. O. B. Thayer was the first rector. The present rector is Rev. A. A. Joss, who has served about four years. The Church has a membership of 70. A Sundayschool is maintained, having an average attendance of 40 scholars. Lorenzo Hapgood is the present Senior Warden; Fayette Dyer, Junior Warden ; Wm. A. Sanborn, John Miller, W. H. Bennett, James Ingelson, S. T. Osmer, James McKim, Alfred Sleep, Wm. Davis, Vestrymen.

Fourth Street Methodist Episcopal Church. - This Church is an outgrowth of the Broadway Methodist Episccpal Church, and was organized in 1867. Worshipping for a time in Union Hall, they then moved to Wallace Hall, where services were held until 1869, when the basement of their present church edifice was occupied. Two years after, the main audience-room was completed and dedicated to the service of Almighty God. The entire cost of the building was $16,000. It is located on the corner of Fourth and A Streets. Rev. J. H. Ailing was the first pastor. The present pastor is Rev. R. S. Cantine. The Church has had a prosperons career and now numbers 190 members, with a Sunday-school numbering 140, on an average, under the superintendency of J. P. Overholser.

German Catholic Church was originally a part of St. Patrick's, its separation taking place in 1869. The next year a house of worship was erected, costing $2,000, and in size 24 x 50 feet. The Church is in a flourishing condition and has in process of erection a new and handsome church edifice, costing $15,000. It is 55 x8s feet in size. There are now 120 families connected with the parish. Rev. H. M. Fegers is the priest in charge. A day school is maintained, with an attendance of 65 to 70 pupils.

Swedish Lutheran Church was organized in 1 87 i and erected a house of worship the following year, at a cose of $3,000. Rev. J. P. Neander is the present pastor. The Church numbers 43 persons. The Sunday-school has an average attendance of 20 and is under the superintendency of G. A. Anderson. Reformed Mennonite Church was organized about 20 years ago and has a membership of 75, with John Weaver as the minister. A. B. Spies and H. M. Zendt are the present Deacons. A house of worship was erected in 1867 at a cost of $1,200. Baptism is administered by sprinkling, and none but adults are admitted to the rite.

Educational

The beginning of the educational work in Sterling dates back to 1838. The first teacher was Mrs. E. B. Worthington. As an inducement for her to open a school the proprietors of Harrisburg gave her a city lot. There were but few pupils in attendance, and the remuneration was not large. Mrs. Worthington relates how that a lady residing some distance from the place, hearing of her intention to start a school, visited her for the purpose of making arrangements for board and instruction of her four children. Mrs. Worthington asked her $i per week for each pupil, but it was thought to be too much by the lady, as her children were delicate eaters, and " never had much appetite for breakfast." Among Mrs. Worthington 's pupils were Gen. W. M. Kilgour, then a lad of six years, Mrs. John Crawford, George W. Brewer and two sisters, Andrew, John and Esther Bush, Elijah and Helen Worthington, Miss Arathusa Barnett, later Mrs. J. Coe. Norton J. Nichols is said to have been the first male teacher in the place.

The schools of Sterling are a matter of pride with its people. The city is divided into three school districts, and there seems to be a generous rivalry between each. The schools are known as the First, Second and Third Ward Schools, though the wards have nothing to do with the boundaries of the district; but the school-houses, being originally built in each of these districts, they naturally took the name of the ward in which they were located.

The First Ward School District, No. 7, was organized in 1856. A stone house, erected by Hezekiah Brink, was used for school purposes until 1860, when the present building, facing on Spring Street, between Fifth and Sixth Streets, was erected, at a cost of $3,000. A whole block of ground is owned by the District on which the building is located, affording ample play-ground for the pupils.

$65,000, and is one of the best in the State used for public-school purposes. It is of the Grecian style of architecture, combining the Ionic, Doric and Corinthian, the latter being the predominating feature. It is located on Sixth Street, between Walnut and Pine, and, together with its walks and playgrounds, occupies a square. Prof. C. C. Buell was the first Principal in this house, which was occupied April i, 1867. The first class was graduated in 1873, since which time 120 pupils have received certificates from the institution, many of whom are now occupying responsible positions throughout the West. Of the 14 teachers employed for the year 1885-6, seven are graduates of the school. Alfred Bayliss, now editor of the Sterling Standard, was Principal of the school for ten years, from 1874 to 1884, and to him much credit is due for the efficiency of the school. C. H. Crandall succeeded Mr. Bayliss, and is the present Principal.

The Third Ward School is in District No. 8, which was organized in 1866. The school-house is situated on the block between Fourth and Fifth Streets, E and F Streets being the east and west boundaries. It was erecteH "in 1874, at a cost of $28,000. The building is three stories in height and 80x82 feet in size. The work done in this school will compare favorably with that of any school in the State.

Public Library

The Sterling Public Library is an institution in which the citizens take a just pride. It was organized April 27, 1878, under the State law, with ]. E. McPherran, T. A. Gait, A. Bayliss, R. B. Witmer, G. W. Brewer, W. H. Bennett, R. B. Colcord, B. C. Church and M. H. Kreider as Directors. These gentlemen were all interested in the work, and devoted much time in promoting the interests of the library. Mr. Church and Mr. Kreider have since died. On the organization of the Library Association, the Christian Association made a donation of their books, on condition a free public library should be maintained by the city. Agreeable to the statutes, the City Council each year appropriates from $1,200 to $1,500 to maintain the library. In addition to this, the Library Lecture Association have for some years annually raised and donated for library purposes from $300 to $500. There are now 3,880 bound volumes in the library, together with a large number of pamphlets, and unbound magazines and newspapers. In one month of this year there were 2,900 visits made to the library and 2,200 volumes loaned, showing that the library is appreciated by the people. Miss C. E. Bowman was the first librarian. She was succeeded by Miss S. M. Hubbard and Miss Belle Hubbard, the latter having served since 1883. There has never been a book lost from the library, which certainly speaks well for the faithfulness of the librarians. The present Directors are J. E. McPherran, President; A. Bayliss, Secretary; W. H. Bennett, W. W. Davis, Thos. Diller, George S. Tracy, E. W. Edson, E. L. Gait and Walter Stager. The Christian Church of Sterling is the result of earnest, faithful missionary work. At a meeting of the Sixth District Illinois Christian Missionary Convention, held in Coleta, in May, 1874, the Board of Directors were instructed to select some new point for missionary efforts. Sterling was selected as that point. There were 1 1 Disciples known to be livinn in that city or vicinity, and it was their earnest desire that the cause should be established in their midst. In the spring of 1875 Knowles Shaw, the evangelist, was engaged to come here, hold a meeting of some days, and organize a Church. A large tent was secured in which to hold the meetings, and on Friday, June 18, Elder Shaw commenced the work. Previous to this time Elder J. J. Moss preached one discourse in the Baptist Church, the first ever delivered by a recognized minister of the Christian Church. As a result of the meeting an organization was effected with 75 members. George W. Nance, R. B. Colcord and J. S. Detweiler were elected elders. A Sunday-school was organized at the same time, with W. F. Eastman as Superintendent. Elder J. N. Smith was called to the pastorate, and began his labors Oct. 3, 1875, and served one year. He was succeeded by J. H. Wright, who remained until September, 1879. The Church was then for a time without a pastor. Previous to this time meetings were held in public halls, the congregation meanwhile anxious to secure a permanent house. In the fall of 1879 Turner Hall was purchased and fitted up for a house of worship; and on Lord's Day, Feb. i, 1880, it was dedicated to the worship of Almighty God, Prof. B. J. Radford preaching the sermon. A protracted meeting immediately followed, George F. Adams doing the preaching. There were 39 addi- tions. In May, 1880, M. L. Blaney was called to the pastorate, and served a little over one year. J. H. Wright returned, and served one year, and was succeeded by T. W. Grafton, who remained until the spring of 1885, when W. H. Cannon, the present pastor, was employed. The Church is in a flourishing condition, with a membership of 198 in May, 1885. A Sunday-school is maintained, and is likewise prospering, with an average attendance of 175. The prayer-meetings are well attended, many taking part in the exercises.

The German Lutheran Church was organized in 1874. Rev. F. Luskey was the first pastor. The house of worship was erected in i88r, at a cost of $800, previous to which time the congregation met in Bethlehem Lutheran Church. There are now 55 families connected with the congregation. Rev. John Merkel is pastor, and also Superintendent of the Sabbath-school. Rev. F. Luskey is now located with the church at Round Grove, in Hopkins Township.

The Press

The Sterling Gazette. - In July, 1856, the publication of the Sterling Republican" was commenced, William Caffrey being editor and proprietor. In the winter of 1857-8, H. G. Grattan, who had previously purchased the press and materials of the Times, commenced the publication of the Sterling Gazette. The Times referred to was the first paper published at Sterling. It first appeared Dec. 12, 1854. It was edited by Chales Boynton. This paper had a hard struggle for existence, and in 1857 was obliged to suspend. Subsequently the proprietors of the Republican and Gazette united the two papers under the name of Republican and Gazette, continuing as joint proprietors until Mr. Grattan sold his interest to Walter Nimocks, when the firm became Caffrey & Nimocks. The partnership continued but a short time, when Mr. Caffrey became the sole proprietor, and shortly after the name of Republican was dropped, the paper since being continued under its present name - the Sterling Gazette. In 1861 Mr. Caffrey sold out to C. M. Worthington & Co., Mr. Worthington soon becoming sole proprietor, and continuing as such until he sold to George Terwilliger, in September, 1870. Mr. Terwilliger did not long retain control, but sold the establishment back to Mr. Worthington,

In 1873 W. F. Eastman became associated in the publication of the paper, the firm being C. M. Worthington & Co. In March, 1876, Mr. Eastman became sole proprietor, but in July of that year associated with himself in the publication of the paper D. J. Jenne. The partnership of Eastman & Jenne continued until March 12, 1880, when the Sterling Gazette Company was organized, with W. F. Eastman President, D. J. Jenne, Treasurer, and W. R. Cobb, Secretary. In September, 1882, C. John was elected President of the company, and W. R. Cobb, Secretary and Treasurer.

The Gazette, from its commencement, has been a growing paper, its growth during the past 12 years being unsurpassed by any newspaper published in a town of Sterling's size. The office at present is one of the best equipped west of Chicago, having three cylinder and three job presses, power paper-cutter, and other material, making it first-class in every respect. Twenty hands are constantly employed in the office. In addition to the newspaper and job office, the company have a complete book-bindery. In 1878 the publication of a small daily was commenced, but it was short-lived.

On the i6th of February, 1882, another attempt was made to establish a daily, and with greater success. It was commenced as a five-column folio, and published the regular Associated Press dispatches. In consequence of a violation of agreement on the part of the Western Union Telegraph Company, the publication of the dispatches were discontinued after a few months, and more attention was given to local news. In June, 1883, on account of pressure on its advertising columns, the paper was enlarged to a seven-column folio, which size and form is yet retained. The daily Gazette is now a permanent fixture, with a circulation of over 1,000 copies per day. The weekly Gazette is a sevencolumn quarto, and has a large circulation. Both the daily and weekly are well edited and interesting papers, worthy of the support received.

The Sterling Standard. - On the i ith day of June, 1868, the first issue of a new seven-column folio, under the name of the Whiteside Chronicle, made its appearance, with Theo. H. and Charles M. Mack editors and proprietors. In June, 1870, Theo. H. Mack purchased the interest of his brother, and became sole proprietor. He changed the size and form - S*£3*£ -* of the paper to a five-column quarto. In January, 1872, he changed the name to the Sterling Standard, giving as a reason that in so doing it brought into more prominence the city in which it was printed. One or two changes were made in its size by Mr. Mack, who continued alone in its publication till October, 1883, when he sold a half interest in the office to J. W. Newcomer. In January, 1884, the size and form was changed from a seven-column folio to a six-column quarto. In June, 1884, Alfred Bayliss purchased the interest of Mr. Mack, the paper being continued by the new firm of Newcomer & Bayliss. A power press has been added by the new firm, and the paper improved. Its circulation has been rapidly increasing, and it now has attained a circulation and influence second to none. Mr. Newcomer is a practical printer, and a newspaper man of experience, while Mr. Bayliss, in editorial harness, works as if he had always been used to the business. In politics the Standard, as in the past, is a fearless advocate of the principles of the Republican party. Mr. Bayliss' biography appears on page 289.

The Sterling Beobachter. - -This is the only German newspaper in the county. Its publication was commenced in 1877 by Charles Strock, and continued by him until 1881, when he disposed of the paper to H. Mathey. In February, 1883, Louis Oltmanns became sole editor and proprietor. (See page 285.) The Beobachter -is an eight-column folio, Democratic in politics, has a good circulation, and a good paying business.

The Sterling Blade. - A. J. Booth, in June, 1881, commenced the publication of the Daily Blade, a four-column folio sheet, independent in politics. In March, 1882, it was enlarged to a six-column folio, and otherwise improved. The paper met with a fair degree of success, but for certain reasons suspended publication in December, 1883. In December, 1884, Mr. Booth revived the paper as a weekly, under the name of the Sterling Blade. It is a six-column quarto, in politics Democratic, and is edited with vim and ability by Mr. Booth.

A special farmers' edition is issued each week and distributed gratuitously to the patrons of the Blade. A job office is conducted in connection by Mr. Booth, who is a practical printer of many years'

Temperance Societies. - Sterling has a large number of vigorous and efficient temperance workers, and the fight against King Alcohol and his evil influences is made with undaunted bravery and a determination to conquer. - There are the following well organized and active temperance societies in Sterling :

The Women's Christian Temperance Union of Sterling is the outgrowth of an organization known as the Ladies' Temperance Association, which was organized June 23, 1874. On the 23d of July, 1875, the association adopted its present name. Among those active in its organization were Mrs. Dr. Gordon, Mrs. C. B. Rutlege, Mrs. T. E. Bye, Mrs. J. T. Mason. Meetings were first held in the lectureroom of the Congregational Church, and subsequently in the parlors of some of its members, and in the reading-room on Mulberry Street; also in a room on Third Street, occupied jointly by the Union and the Reform Club. When the Academy of Music was built meetings began to be held in the rooms of the Christian Association, where meetings are still held each Tuesday afternoon at three o'clock. The present officers of the Union are Mrs. E L. Champlin, President; Mrs. R. B. Witmer, Mrs. J. Harpham, Mrs. Wiley, Mrs. Homer and Mrs. Pearl, Vice-Presidents ; Miss Lottie B. Le Fever, Recording Secretary ; Mrs. S. E. Huff, Corresponding Secretary.

The Prohibition Christian Temperance Union, of Sterling, was organized June 23, 1874, and known as the Ladies' Temperance Association. It changed to its present name July 23, 1875. Its first officers were: President, Mrs. Dr. Gordon ; Vice-President, Mrs. C. B. Utley; Secretary and Treasurer, Mrs. T. E. Bye; Chaplain, Mrs. J. B. Mason. The meetings were first held in the lecture room of the Congregational Church and in the parlors of the different members; later in the reading-room on Mulberry Street; then a room on Third Street was. fitted up and used by them and the Ribbon Club for a time. Since the Academy of Music was built, they have used the are: President, Mrs. E. L. Champlin; Vice-Presi- 7a dent, Mrs. R. B. Witmer; Mrs. J. Harpham, Mrs. Wiley, Mrs. Deacon Homer and Mrs. Pearl ; Recording Secretary, Miss Lottie B. LeFever ; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. S. E. Huff.

The line of the work now pursued is the juvenile, superintended by Mrs. E. S. Huff, who has charge of the " Band of Earnest Workers," which numbers about 150. Miss Lottie B. LeFever is superintendent of scientific temperance instruction in public schools, whose chief duty is to introduce temperance text-books in the same. Mrs. L. F. Jennings, superintendent of literature. Mrs. E. L. Champlin, superintenpent of newspaper work. She keeps three columns of temperance matter in the city papers. Mrs. Anna Williams is chairman of the relief committee. Large quantities of food, clothing and coal have been given to the poor. Meetings are held every Tuesday afternoon at 3 o'clock.

The Sterling Christian Association was organized in the spring of 1873. Among those who were active in its organization were Revs. Mason, Lipe and Moon, and R. B. Witmer, D. J. Jenne and W. F. Eastman. J. T. Mason was the first President; W. F. Eastman, Secretary; R. B. Witmer, Treasurer. The object of the association was to promote Christian fraternity, union in evangelical labors, and the circulation of good and pure literature. For some time rooms were occupied on Mullberry Street. In 1878 a lease for ten years was secured for the rooms on Locust Street, where the meetings are now held. An old library was donated to the association on its organization, and $1,000 was subscribed to maintain a free library and reading-room. In 1878 the City Council agreed to maintain a free public library, and the books of the associatian were donated to it. For several years regular services were maintained, and the association took charge of all temperance work in the city. The Good Templar Lodge was organized and fostered by it, as was -\ also the prohibitory movement.

Masonic. - The Masonic fraternity in Sterling oc- ,- .. cupy a prominent position, having a blue lodge, chap- ) ter, council and commandery, with a total member- ' ship of 321, and all in fine condition. The order occupies a hall in Ingersoll's Block, which has been fitted up in splendid style, the main lodge room being covered with fine Brussels carpet and the furniture being truly elegant. The waiting rooms and library room are also fitted up nicely.

Rock River Lodge, No. 612, was instituted Nov. 21, 1868. The meetings were for several years held in Boy n ton's Block, but the lodge-room becoming too small, a removal was made to Hull & Ingersoll's Block. The lodge now numbers 134 members, and is in a flourishing condition. John W. Niles is the present W. M. ; H. C. Ward, S. W. ; V. S. Ferguson, J. W.; W. A. McCune, Treas. ; H. S. Street, Sec.

Odd Fell<nvs. - 1\& Independent Order of Odd Fellows is represented with a subordinate lodge, encampment, uniformed degree and Rebekah degree.

Sterling Lodge, No. 174, I. O. O. F., was organized Oct. 12, 1855. The lodge met first in Boynton's Block, subsequently removing to a room over Stambaugh's paint and wall-paper store, where meetings were held for some years. The lodge now meets in the Academy of Music building, where they have one of the finest lodge rooms in the State. From the start, the lodge has had a prosperous existence, numbering among its members the best citizens of the place. The Present membership is 140.

Abraham Encampment, No. 49, was instituted March 21, 1860. Like the subordinate lodge, it has had a prosperous existence. Two of its members have been honored with offices in the Grand Encampment - Nelson Maxson having served as Grand Senior Warden, and Benjamin Gurtisen as Grand Patriarch. The encampment has a present membership of 63, of which number 16 were initiated in 1884.

Rebekah Degree Lodge, No. 26, I. O. O. F., Jwas instituted July 28, 1870, and holds its meetings in the hall of Sterling Lodge, twice a month.

Union Lodge, No. 3, was organized Feb. 13, 1875, with T4 charter members. It met first in Boynton Block, from where it moved to a hall over Wolf's clothing store, on Third Street, where it remained five years. In December, i88i,it moved to its present location, in Hull & Ingersoll's block, where the lodge is pleasantly situated. It has had a prosperous career, and now numbers 142 members. Death has removed two of its members. John Hall died in March, 1880, and J. E. Fryberger, Jan. 6, 1883. C. U. Goeding, M.W. ; W. A. Hall, Rec.

Pearl Lodge, No. 148, was instituted Aug 9, 1879, with 30 charter members, and now has a membership of no, showing a remarkable growth and a healthy state of existence. For some time the lodge met in the same hall with No. 3, but subsequently moved to a room of its own, in Union block, which they fitted up in a neat and tasty manner. The regular meetings are held on Monday evening of each week. The officers in the spring of 1885 were Theo. H. Mack, M. W. ; Wesley Trumbleson, F. ; Wm. Manahan, O.; S. C. Grubb, Fin.; J. H. Woodburn, Rce.; W. W. Pratt, Rec'r.

Banner Legion, No. jo, Select Knights, A. O. U. W., was organized in 1883, with 60 charter members. Henry Crissman was instituting officer, assisted by Alex. McLean, Grand Commander. The Legion now numbers 57 of the best citizens of the place. Meetings are held semi-monthly in Hull & Ingersoll's block. A. R. Hendricks is the present Select Commander; Geo. O. Deyo, Vice Com.; A. Richtmeyer, Lt. Com.; W. A. Hall, Rec.

Legion of Honor. - The American Legion of Honor is represented by Sterling Legion, No. 914, which was organized in April, 1881, with 62 charter members. The Legion meets in the hall of the A. O. U. W., on the first and third Tuesday in each month. The present membership is 42. J. W. R. Stambaugh, Com.; C. R. Wilson, Col.; S. S. Kehr, Secretary and Medical Examiner.

Modern Woodmen. - The Modern Woodmen of America is comparatively a new order, its object being somewhat similar to the United Workmen. The order is represented here by one camp, which is in a flourishing condition.

Sterling Camp, No. 12, M. W. A., was first organized in the spring of 1883, but for some cause it did not succeed in securing the confidence of the people, and soon ceased to exist. On the i9th day of December, 1884, it was re-organized with 19 of the old and 80 new charter members, composed of some of the best people of Sterling. Meetings are held on the second and fourth Wednesday evenings in each month, in the hall of Pearl Lodge, A. O. U. W. It is now growing and in a healthy condition.

Sterling Commandery, No. 13, O. H. C., was organized in 1879, with 25 charter members. It has little more than held its own and now numbers 29 members. J. H. Woodburn is the present Commander; R. H. Thomas, Recorder; W. W. Pratt. Treasurer.

Sterling Lodge, No. 1,628, K. of H., was organized in 1879, with 39 charter members. They meet in the hall in Ingersoll's block. For two years the lodge has barely held its own, and now numbers 23

White.Sid& County

Keystone Lodge, No. J/, /. O. M. A., was instituted in 1 88 1, with 22 charter members. Meetings are held over Oliver's drug-store. For some cause the order has not flourished as have some others and now numbers but 20 members. Wm. Manahan, Jr., is President, and J. H. Woodburn, Secretary.

Grand Army of the Republic. - The Grand Army of the Republic is represented by Will C. Robinson Post, No. 274. A post had previously existed here known as the Lincoln Post, No. 16, which was instituted June 15, 1874, with 23 charter members. Meetings were held regularly for some years, but finally it ceased to exist.

Will C. Robinson Post, A'o. 274, was mustered June 14, 1883, by F. Clendennin and Post Com. Burst, with 28 charter members. The Post was named in honor of William C. Robinson, who enlisted in Co. A, 34th Regt. 111. Vol. Inf., Sept. 7, 1 86 1, as a private, and rose to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, by brevet. After serving faithfully till the close of the war, he returned to Sterling, where he was engaged in business for several years. He died shortly before the organization of the Post. Few posts have had a more prosperous career, it now numbering 143 members, with J. W. Niles, Commander, and Alfred Bayliss, Adjutant.

The Ladies' Foreign Mission Circle, of the Baptist Church, holds sessions once a month. ^The Ladies' Guild, of the Episcopal Church, have regular weekly meetings.

Sterling In The War

The record made by the citizen soldiers of Sterling is an honorable one. The calls of the President and the noble war Governor of the State, Richard Yates, were no sooner issued than men from this place responded and marched to the front. Under every call, the quota of the city and township was filled, and no braver men ever went forth in defense of their country's honor. On the battle-field, in the dreary hospital and in horrible Southern prison pens, life went out from those willing to die that their country might be saved. All honor to these brave men! Let their names and their deeds never be forgotten. Let the children of this generation tell them to their children and to their children's children, and may the story be repeated to the end of time.

Fire Department

The fire department of Sterling consists of two companies, - the Columbia Engine and Hose Company, and the West End Company, - each having a good supply of hose. Before the present hose-carriages and engine were purchased, a hand engine was used. The department is efficiently managed and has saved property that would have paid its cost many times over.

Ferries And Bridges

Hezekiah Brink, in 1839-40, ran a free rope ferry across the river at this place. This was done in order to secure the travel from the south and east to this point. The boat was 45 x 12 feet. After Mr. Brink stopped running his ferry, no means were afforded for crossing'Rock River, only by fording, for several years.

The first bridge across the river at this point was built in 1856-7, but was soon after washed away by a freshet. It was a wooden structure and spanned the river at the head of the island.

In 1863 the Sterling Bridge Company constructed another bridge, at a cost of $30,000. It was a toll bridge and used quite extensively until the erection of the present structure, in 1878.

whether a free bridge should be constructed by the city across the river. The project was carried by a large majority, and the present fine structure was completed.

When the first bridge was washed away, B. G. Wheeler started a ferry and ran it for a time, but not being profitable, it was abandoned. James A. Patterson then ran one for a short time, but with no better success. In 1874 he purchased a steam tug and fitted it up for a ferry-boat and launched it upon the river above ^he dam. The little steamer did a good business, making about 150 trips daily during the season. When the free bridge was built there was no further use for the White Swan, as it was named, only for pleasure parties.

Improvement Of Rock River

In 1839 an appropriation of $40,000 was made by the General Assembly of the State, under the Internal Improvement Act, for the improvement of Rock River Rapids, enabling steamboats to go farther up the river, the contract to be let to the lowest bidder. The contract was awarded to E. G. Nichols, of Prophetstown, but he died before commencing the work. His brother, in company with Smith Galbraith and Mr. Sangermon, had the benefit of the contract. The projected improvement resulted in the expenditure of the sum appropriated, but Rock River did not become a navigable stream.

The people of Sterling and other places, notwithstanding the failure, did not abandon the idea of making the river navigable, ]and accordingly petitioned the General Assembly to pass an act by which the counties along the river could levy a tax for its improvement. In February, 1845, an act was passed for the purpose, the work to be done under the superintendence of a Board of Commissioners. The Board was appointed and let contracts for the purpose of excavating the rapids, which seems to have been done, at least to its satisfaction.

The opinion prevailed for some years that Rock River could and must be made a navigable stream, and it was not until the whistle of the locomotive was heard in the distance, and a better way for communicating with the outer world was opened up, that the idea was abandoned, and the great power of the river was put to a practical use in driving the machinery of the scores of factories that now line its banks from the rapids to its mouth.

Sterling Hydraulic Company

Under an act of the General Assembly, approved Feb. 5, 1849, "for the improvement of navigation and the production of water power," an association was formed at Sterling under the name of the Sterling Hydraulic Company, for the purpose of improving the power at this place. The capital stock of the company was fixed at $15,000, divided into 600 shares, at $25 per share. Citizens generally were given an opportunity to subscribe, and 36 availed themselves of the opportunity, Hugh Wallace and Charles Dement taking the greater part of the stock. The certificate of incorporation was filed July 7, 1852.

The design of the company was to build a dam across the river at this point and aid in securing and establishing manufactories. The proprietors of Sterling donated a number of lots in aid of the work. At one of the first meetings of the directors, a small assessment was made upon the stock and a committee was authorized to employ an engineer to survey, make drafts and estimate the cost of constructing the dam. On the i4th of December, 1852, a meeting of the directors was held, and it was resolved to build a dam not less than four feet high.

For some cause, no meeting of the directors was held from December, 1852, till February, 1854. On the 1 8th of that month they decided to " build a crib with timber, filled with stone."

Before the completion of the dam the capital stock was increased to $30,000. This was in October, 1855. John Van Nortwick was then president of the company. The dam was soon afterwards completed, and in February, 1856, an advertisement was ordered inserted in one Chicago, New York and Boston paper, setting forth the advantages and location of the water power then for sale at this place. For some cause but little was done in using the power for a number of years.

Soon after the close of the war efforts were made by a few to revive the interest in manufacturing, and in 1867 A. P. Smith purchased of the Hydraulic Company one-half the power, or all that portion on the south side of the river. At this time only three or four lots had been sold on the Sterling side of the river, and only two or three manufacturing interests were using the power. The purchase by Smith gave aid to the cause of manufactories,

Wh1Teside County

The first dividend to the stockholders of the company was in 1871, when 25 per cent, was declared. The hopes of those who had retained the stock was now high. Other dividends were declared, from time to time - one in January, 1878, of 150 per per cent.

May 22, 1883, a transfer of the stock of the stockholders was made to the owners of the power, in proportion to the number of inches each owned, and the affairs of the old company were virtually wound up. A new company was formed, but working under the old charter, and new officers were elected. As at present managed, it is more satisfactory to the owners of the power, as each has a voice in its control. The present officers are Wm. A. McCune, President ; Jas. F. Platt, Secretary : Geo. S. Tracy, Treasurer.

Manufacturing Interests

Flouring Mills. - Upon the completion of the race and dam, in 1856, Joshua V. and Wm. Mc- Kinney commenced the erection of a stone mill, and soon had it completed and in running order. This was the first use of the water-power. The mill has long been the property of Church & Patterson, and has been in constant operation for a period of nearly 30 years. The buhrs have given place to the modern rollers, and the mill now has a capacity of 200 barrels per day. Ten men are employed in the mills, and during 1884 there were made 45,000 barrels of flour. Much of this product is for the export trade, and is sent chiefly to the ports of Glasgow and Liverpool in sacks, usually of it'o pounds weight. Among the improvements in 1884 was a new elevator, 25 by 40 feet, and 70 feet in height, and a warehouse 25 by 50. The elevator contains 14 bins of 2,000 bushels capacity each, and conveniently arranged. The warehouse joins the elevator on the south, and is in turn connected with the mill by a covered way across the race. The cost of the elevator and warehouse is $5,000.

Shortly after the McKinneys built their mill, Lukens & Bye built one, which subsequently became the property of Geo. T. Elliot. This mill is known as the Commercial Mills.

who commenced the manufacture of pumps for the retail trade. In 1871 a stock company was organized under the name of the Sterling Pump Works, with a capital of $50,000. Aaron J. Hull was the Treasurer and M. C. Bowers, Secretary. The trade rapidly increased for several years. In 1878 Wm. McCune & Co. became sole proprietors, and have since had charge of the works. The pumps manufactured by the firm give excellent satisfaction. The company of the firm is Wm. A. McCune, who for several years was Secretary of the Wood Pump Man ufacturers' Association of America.

The Rock Falls Manufacturing Co. succeeded the Sterling Burial Case Company, which was organized in 1873. Commencing in Sterling, the Burial Case Company subsequently moved to Rock Falls, but has since returned to Sterling. Having acquired a reputation under the name of the Rock Falls Manufacturing Company, it was not thought advisable to change it. L. E. Brookfield is now the President and general manager. The company manufacture wood and cloth burial cases, furnishing employment for 35 hands and producing annually 10,000 coffins, of all kinds. Their trade amounts to the round sum of $too,ooo annually. Their productions are shipped to 26 different States and Territories, the northwest trade being supplied from the branch at St. Paul, Minn. They make over 50 styles of cases and caskets, from the cheaper to the best grades upon the market. Have also lately added to their line the manufacture of hearses, under the superintendence of Mr. A. Daveler.

The Williams & Orton Manufacturing Compauy was organized in 1871, and is the outgrowth of a business established by Williams & Orton some years previous. On its organization, F. B. Williams was elected President; B. E. Orton, Secretary; J. M. Patterson, Treasurer. The officers for a number of years have been John Charter, President and Treasurer, and George M. Robinson, Secretary. Their principal manufactured articles are wire rope transmissions, portable mills, pulleys, shafting hangers, etc., to which they are just adding the Charter Patent Gas Engine, ,he invention of Mr. Charter. It possesses great advantages The engine consists of a power and a supply cylinder (the latter being placed under the power cylinder), both being provided wi(h suitable pistons, which are operated by one ' «5ia^ crank, making the construction very compact. The engine makes an explosion at every revolution. The charge of gas and air, being of the same uniform mixture under all conditions, is varied in quantity according to the power required, as in the case of steam engines. This insures ignition of the charges, steady power, and causes less strain on the working parts. The principle employed in governing other gas engines is to cut off the entire supply of gas for a time, when the speed becomes excessive or less than full power is required, and the engine slackens in speed before the gas is again admitted. It will be plainly seen that an engine such as this, with the charge graduated in quantity according to the amount of power required at each revolution, must give steadier motion. The burnt gases are expelled from the cylinder by two pistons approaching each other to near the exhaust port, thus preventing any fire remaining in the cylinder, which might cause premature explosions. The ignition valve is very simple, being cylindrical in form, and requires no springs or screws to keep it in position, thereby avoiding all friction ; nor does it require any adjustment before or after starting the engine. Only one light is used, and that requires no adjustment.

Sterling Iron Works. - The firm of Cavert & Mailory have been in existence about four years, and are engaged in the manufacture, to order, of barb-wire twisting-machines, feed mills, wind-mills, wire brush machines, and any specialties in iron that may be ordered. They have the agency for Catchpole's Improved Florida Steam-heating Boiler, a new device for making steam radiation adaptable for warming residences and stores. The business was established in 1874, by Cavert, Mason & Smith, but soon after the two latter withdrew, and the firm of Cavert & Estabrooks was formed. In 1881 the present firm began business. They give employment to about eight men.

Planing Mill. - At his planing-mill on Spruce Street, Moses Dillon, the lumber, grain and coal dealer, manufactures in the course of a year quite a number of patent chaff bee-hives. He also makes door and window frames in quantity to supply the demand.

The Sterling Wagon Factory is owned by A. B. Spies, who manufactures wagons, sleds and harrows, and gives employment to about 60 men. The business was begun by Mr. Spies in 1863, and has steadily grown to its present dimensions.

Daveler Bros, have been in the wagon-making and blacksmithing business a number of years. They furnish employment on an average to eight men, and, besides general repairing of every sort of wheeled conveyances, make from 60 to 100 vehicles a year, principally buggies and hearses. Their business is increasing from year to year, and 1884 has been to them better than an average year. They are making a specialty at present of a patent buggytop, which is without a front bow, making the carriage much easier to get in and out of, and which when folded back lies perfectly flat, a.nd is kept dustproof without the need of any extra curtain. They sell as fast as they can make them.

The Rock River Packing Company is one that gives employment during many months to a large number of persons. The foundation of this concern was established in a small way a few years since, and has grown year by year, until at the present time it is one of the fixed institutions. The labor of two persons only was needed when the packing business in his city was started, and pork was the only article handled. Now a large force of men, women and boys are employed, and vegetables, fruits and meats of all kinds are handled. Some idea may be formed of the magnitude of the concern when it is known that the company in the spring of 1885 contracted for 400,000 can labels, and that r,8oo boxes of tin have already been purchased to be used for the making of cans. The cans are made at the factory, this part of the work giving employment to a number of skilled mechanics.

The Sterling Paper Company, manufacturers of straw, rag, manilla and express cloth paper; John A. Page, President. An average of 22 hands were employed day and night during 1884. The capacity of the mill is six tons per day.

W. W. Perkins &* Son are located in the Colcord Block on Third Street. They manufacture corrugated iron shutters and iron sheathing and roofing for buildings. Their products are known in nearly every large town in Illinois and Iowa, and their trade extends into Nebraska and even as far west as Utah. They employ from four to eight men, and

E. Dill 6° Company have been in the manufacture of upholstered goods and other articles of furniture for about one year, furnishing employment to 12 men. They are heavy dealers in fine and medium furniture, and occupy a portion of the Mercantile Building.

Economy Mills occupy a portion of the building of the Sterling Pump Works, and have a capacity of 20 barrels of flour daily. They make buckwheat, rye and graham flour, and corn-meal, making custom work a specialty. Drew & Dennison; proprietors.

Sterling Creamery Company do a large business, and scatter, a great deal of money in the community, The capacity of the creamery is 10,000 pounds of butter a day.

Strickler Bros. 6° Company manufacture about 90 barrels per year of Perry's concentrated butter color, which is distributed throughout the States of Illinois, Missouri, Iowa, Wisconsin, Kansas and Nebraska, for use in the creameries.

HIS beautiful city, the county seat of Whiteside County, is situated in the western part of Mt. Pleasant Township, and is surrounded by rolling fertile country, forming a picturesque landscape. It is located on sections 17, 18 and 19, and was platted by W. S. Wilkinson, Surveyor, in 1855, under the superintendency of Messrs. Johnson and Vroom, railroad men, who had come in upon the advent of the Chicago & Northwestern Railroad. The location of the road through here and the building up of the town is somewhat providential. The line was being laid out with the intention of running through Unionville, then a thriving town in Union Grove Township; but the railroad men met with so cold a reception from the citizens, and the property holders were so exorbitant in the vJuing of their lands, that they finally abandoned Unionville, and, turning their line southward, passed through sections 17 and 18 in Mt. Pleasant Township, and made a station there. This sealed the fate of Unionville. Trivial things sometimes produce important changes and results. It is reported that when the line was being run it passed through the house of one of the good matrons of this hamlet.

who raised such a storm about the engineer's head that he at once withdrew from the field, saying, with an oath, "that if he could prevent it, they should not have a railroad there at all." The place selected for a depot and a town was on the land originally owned by John W. Stakes and the Knoxes. Other parties later on had secured interests here.

This land was purchased by the incorporators of Morrison, who were Lyman Johnson, H. S. Vroom, Homer Caswell, John W. Stakes, James Snyder, N. M. Jackson, John J. West, L. H. Robinson and W. H. Van Epps. These gentlemen were the founders of the town. It was named in honor of a friend of Mr. Van Epps, Mr. Charles Morrison, of New York. Lyman Johnson has the credit of erecting the first house. It was located where the Firs.t National Bank now is.

The plat, as originally laid out, embraced all of section 18, and the west half of the southwest quarter, and the west half of the northeast quarter of section 17 ; the north half of the northwest quarter, and the north half of the northwest quarter of section 19, township 21 north, of range 5 east of the fourth principal meridian. Since that time there have been several additions, and among these are JCnox's in 1856, Johnson's in 1858, and Gridley & Nelson's in the same year.

The most important event in the history of this place, without which the city would have never been, occurred Oct. ig, 1855, when the first train steamed in. This settled the destiny of Morrison. From this time on the underbrush and scrub oaks disappeared, and houses sprung up in their places, and the growth and development of Morrison was assured. John E. Bennett and Henry Ustick came in and opened their stores, having first secured their building, which were the first business houses opened. Mr. Bennett's store was located where the Revere House now stands. The first dwelling erected in the town was by Henry S. Vroom, on the corner of Main and Base streets, though Conductor Furlong had brought his cabin in on a car, and had set it up before this. Blacksmiths, brick masons and carpenters came in from all parts of the county, and there was plenty of work for them to do. Robertson's saw-mill was kept busy, and A. S. Tryon started a brick kiln to meet the demands. About this time Mrs. B. O. Russell died, which was the first death in the new town. That there should be no diminution to the population, Mrs. Henry S. Vroom gave birth to a daughter, who was named Minnie.

The rich and settled country surrounding Morrison aided and sustained her in her growth. So much developed was this country that in 1856 an agricultural fair was held, which was attended with satisfactory results. This was the first agricultural fair held in the county. In 1857 substantial brick blocks began to make their appearance.

The growth of the town was so rapid that it was deemed necessary to incorporate, and accordingly the people were given notice that this subject would be considered. It read as follows :

" NOTICE. - The residents of lawful age of the town of Morrison, Illinois, will meet at Johnson's Hall, on Saturday, April 18, 1857, at 4 o'clock, p. m., to consider whether the said town shall be incorporated under the statutes in such cases made and provided. A full attendance is requested.1' These notices were signed by William L. Coe, and posted in conspicuous places. A meeting was duly held in pursuance to this call, the result of which was in favor of incorporation, only one negative vote having been received against it.

In accordance with this decision an election was held April 25, 1857, for the purpose of organizing a village government, which resulted in the choice of H. S. Vroom, S. H. McCrea, Lyman Johnson, James G. Gridley and William L. Coe, Trustees ; and Hiram Olmstead, Police Magistrate. Win. L.

Coe was chosen President of the Board of Trustees. There were 44 votes cast at this election. During the year the growth of the village of Morrison was given another impetus. At the fall election a vote was taken upon the question of the removal of the county seat from Sterling to Morrison, and the choice was given to the latter town. The spring following, May 3, 1858, the records were removed to Morrison. The building now occupied by John S. Green as a drug store, and S. W. Robinson & Co. as a hardware store, on Main Street, were fitted up for offices and court purposes, and were used until the new county buildings were completed.

In 1867 a bill was presented to the Legislature and passed incorporating the "City of Morrison." By an error in the bill, the " City of Morrison" was placed over in Union Grove Township, range four having been used in defining the locality instead of range five. Notwithstanding this, an election was held under the charter, and two tickets were put up, with an issue for or against the charter. The anticharter party carried the election, and, strange as it may seem, organized their government under it. The question, however, soon arose as to whether Morrison had a legal city government. It was finally settled by bringing the question before the Circuit Court under a writ of quo warranto against the city officers. The Court decided that there was no city government, and this placed Morrison again under the village corporation.

A second bill was passed by the Legislature, and approved Feb. 23, 1869, providing a city corporation. This charter was accepted by the people in a vote taken March 29, 1869.

On the 6th of April, 1869, an election was held under the charter, when the following officers were elected: George A. Whitcomb, Mayor; John S. Green, W. L. Coe, S. W. Robinson, J. A. McKay, W. J. Savage and James Colby, Aldermen. John S. Green was chosen Treasurer; W. E. Savage, Clerk; L. G. Johnson, City Attorney ; and Marshal and Street Commissioner, George M. Cole. The question of license or anti-license was an issue at this election, the anti-license party securing the victory.

In 1872 the charter was amended, and the city government was reorganized under the general organization laws of the State. This took effect May i, 1873. Among other things provided under the new organization was a two-years' term for the

Mayor. The election under reorganization was held April 15, 1873. At this time the city was $4,- 194.74 in debt. Additional loans were made during this year, amounting in all to $10,600.

In December, 1855, the site of the Union Grove (Unionville) postoffice was changed to Morrison, with John E. Bennett as Postmaster, who was appointed to the Union Grove office in December, 1855. The name was changed to Morrison, June 5, 1857. Mr. Bennett served his entire time as Postmaster both at Union Grove and at Morrison, on the site of the present postoffice.

In 1856 the Baptist Society commenced the erection of a church building, completing it the same year. This was the first church edifice erected in Morrison, and the brick used in its construction were manufactured in the town. The people up to this time depended mostly on Unionville for religious matters.

The principal contests between the citizens of Morrison from its first foundation has been on the liquor question. These contests, which have been conducted in the spirit of good nature, have resulted generally in favor of licensing the liquor traffic. One of the peculiar features of this city, and one which is observed by a stranger, is the kind and neighborly feeling the inhabitants have toward each other. No serious quarrel has ever occurred between one citizen and another.

The citizens have gone on in their improvements, putting up business blocks, church edifices and public buildings, erecting grand residences, and adorning their grounds and streets with fine shade trees, until they have one of the most beautiful towns in the country ; and all this has been done within one generation. It's growth is steady and sure. Many of the first settlers who saw this country in a wild, uncultivated condition, are still living here. They have beheld in one generation a wilderness transformed into a fair city, with homes of wealth, culture and refinement, and surrounded by an agricultural country which for beauty and excellence is unexcelled.

And while they contemplate the fair picture that lies before them, they have the additional satisfaction of knowing that they are the artists who have carved it out.

The postoffice was first opened in Morrison in December, 1855, with John E. Bennett as Postmaster. He was succeeded by John M. Cobleigh in 1859. In 1 86 1 A. C. Jackson was appointed, who held the place until 1866, when John M. Cobleigh was again appointed. Frank Clendennin succeeded Mr. Cobleigh in January, 1867, and is the present incumbent.

The Morrison Graded School is supplied by an able corps of teachers, M. F. Miller being Superintendent; Mrs. P. F. Burtch, Principal; Miss L. A. Wellington, assistant; and in the grammar department are Miss E. Worthington and Miss Anna Corcoran, while the intermediate department is presided over by Miss J. Mahoney and Miss Kate L. Martin. The primary department is in charge of Miss Cora Patterson, Miss M. L. Hewit and Miss Ida Strawder. The musical department is under the management of Prof. Mountz. Vocal music is taught in all the departments. The course of study of the High School covers four years, and is thorough ir at the English branches, the graduates receiving diplomas. The graduates of this school have formed an alumni association. The teachers are devoted to their profession, and are painstaking in instructing their pupils, of whom there are about 500.

The school has a library of 250 volumes, and a cabinet of geology, with a laboratory for chemistry. The main building was erected in 1860, since which time extensive additions have been made. The main portion is three-story, with two-story wings extending each side. It is constructed of brick, and is heated by steam. Ten rooms are used for school instruction.

Water Works

To secure good water and plenty of it was one of the first public considerations that occupied the minds of the people of Morrison. They wanted to secure immunity, as far as possible, from fire, and also to have a good flow of pure water for domestic purposes. This subject was put into definite shape in 1868, when the citizens authorized the Board of Trustees to put down an artesian well, at an ex- pense of $3,000. The well, which was located north of the town, upon high ground, was completed, and the water was brought to within 20 feet of the surface. A large tank was constructed with a capacity of 90,000 gallons, which was to be kept full of water for fire purposes. A large-sized wind-mill was erected at the mill, with pipes connecting with the tank.

The above plan, however, was not a very successful one. The water-tank burst and flooded the immediate neighborhood, doing considerable damage. After further consideration the citizens concluded to adopt the Holly system. This plan they put into execution, locating the water-works in the southwest part of the town, near the creek. Here they found some fine springs with very pure water, and over the springs they constructed a large reservoir, with a capacity of 4,000 barrels of water. It is held to this capacity by the_ springs, which have a constant flow, making the supply practically inexhaustible. The Worthington pumps were put in, with two engines and two boilers, having So-horse power. Pipes extend from the pumps to the reservoir. Over the engines and pumps is erected a good frame building. An eight-inch main runs from the water-works up town, and to the old tank, which is still used, or held in reserve. Hydrants are placed in different parts of the city, and are connected with the water mains. Fire alarms are placed in different sections of the city, which connect with the water-works. The engines can pump 52 barrels a minute. These works were completed in 1882, at a cost of $20,000. Mr. H. C. Parrish, a verj competent engineer, and a trustworthy man, has charge of the works.

In connection with the water-works, and for fire purposes, the city has two organized hose companies, the Jackson and the Juvenile Company, with about 1,500 feet of hose.

Band

Morrison has a band that any city might be proud of. It was organized in 1882, with nine members. S. Homer is the leader. During the first year of organization they filled many engagements, and purchased their instruments. In 1884 they achieved a great success at the State Band Tournament held at Geneseo, 111., Aug. 30, by winning two prizes. They practice regularly, and are constantly improving. It is called the Cornet Band.

No enterprising or prosperous community will remain long without a newspaper. In fact, no community, however enterprising, will be prosperous long without a press to represent it ; and so the people of Morrison believed ; for the stubs were not yet removed from the streets before they began to consider this important question, and to devise means to carry it out. However important a newspaper may be to the growth and development of a town or country, it is not every man that is qualified to publish one, any more than that every man can run a hotel, except into the ground. It would be a large record that could contain the births and deaths of all the newspaper enterprises of the country.

The Whiteside Sentinel. - The citizens of Morrison were not long, however, in finding a man with the nerve to take hold of the enterprise, and this man was Mr. Alfred McFadden, formerly connected with the Fulton Investigator. They advanced the money, and a hand-press (which in those days quite fully met the wants of an ordinarily ambitious newspaper man), with type and a small job office, was purchased. A building was secured for this pioneer plant, and July 23, 1857, the first issue ofihzlVhiteside Sentinel went forth to the world, fresh and newsy, the editor full of hope for the success of his little venture. He may have thought, as he sent his venture forth into an untraveled sea, as Bob Southey

Go, my little book, from this my solitude; I cast thee on the waters ; «$ thy ways ; But if, as I suppose, thy vein be good. The world will find thee after many days.

Mr. McFadden edited the paper until 1862, when, his health failing him, it was leased to Elmer Searle for one year. At the expiration pf Mr. Searle's lease Mr. McFadden again took charge, and in a few years enlarged it to an eight-column paper.

In July, 1867, the Sentinel was 'purchased by Charles Bent and Morris Savage. In May, 1870, Mr. Bent purchased Mr. Savage's interest, and became sole proprietor. Mr. Bent made many improvements in the plant, put in a cylinder power press, a new job office, and enlarged the paper to «£'-- nine columns. He published the paper until 1877, when he sold out to Robert W.Welch, of New York. After a few years, Mr. Bent again purchased the Sentinel, and is the present owner. The Whiteside ^

Sentinel is a nine-cpi$enJ» .folio, published every Thursday, with a circulation of about t,8oo. It is a good paper, and well ,'cojiducted. From its foundation it has been Republican in, politics, and a strong advocate of the principles of this party.

The Whiteside He.r.ald, - This is an eight-column weekly paper, published every Friday. It was founded by A. D. Hill, in 1-878. Its first issue appeared April 4th of , that year. In the fall of 1878, Mr. A. D. Adams purchased an interest, and the Herald was conducted' by him and Mr. Hill until 1882, when the former leased the paper. In 1883, Mr. Adams purchased Mr. jHiU's interest, and is now the owner. A good job office is connected with the Herald, and the proprietor, is prepared to fill all orders in this line to the satisfaction of his customers. It is independent in politics, and has a circulation of over 800. The Herald,, which is a zealous advocate of the interests of the city, is ably edited, and is a bright and newsy sheet.

Reform Investigator. - There were several other papers started in Morrison from time to time, but they were of short life. In 1868, Elmer Searle came out with a sheet, which he called the Reform Investigator. Whether or : not he thought the people of Morrison needed reformation in religion, morals, politics or manners, history does not inform us. It was a company concern, and, like most of company enterprises when connected- avith newspapers, it was a failure. In 1870 the plant was moved to Chicago, and converted int6 ashes-in the great fire of 1871.

Morrison Independent. - The year 1872 gave birth to the Morrison Independent. It was started to advance the interests of Horace Greeley for the Presidency. It was established by a stock company and conducted by L'. S-'Watd and J. W. Huett, the latter being the editor.'-^ The immortal Greeley has said that nothing 'succeeds like success. The campaign not being;sUccessfuV,"it did not succeed; and the Independent met with 'the same fate. It barely outlived this campaign; closing in 1874. The office was purchased-' by'-G? J'.'Booth & Son, who, in July of the same year, e'stibfished the Morrison Times. It was Democratic irt potrt'ics,- and a fair newspaper, but was not stifficiefitff-'ffetronized to warrant its continuation, and in' iS^6 'the 'plant was moved to Rock Falls, and from~ifc%aVfi?ssued forth in a short time the Whiteside TirM!* ''<-"--

The Morrison Democrat. - The ever memorable year of 1876 witnessed the establishment of another political paper in Morrison, which had for its ambition the election of Samuel J. Tilden to the Presidency. It was started by Messrs. Connelly & Gove, who moved their office from Lyndon, and was called the Morrison Democrat. It survived the inauguration of that weakest and most unreliable and incompetent of all Presidents, R. B. Hayes, but a few weeks, and then the plant was closed out at a mortgage sale.