Fillmore County, Minnesota - The whole text, 1912 (part 14 of 20)

L. J. Kelsey, a respected citizen of Pilot Mound township, has had a most interesting life, fraught with various and thrilling events. Mr. Kelsey was born in Middleburgh, N. Y., December 23, 1839, son of Jonas and Eliza (Garrison) Kelsey, also natives of the Empire state. He grew to manhood and was educated in New York, and during the year of 1857 came west and settled in Wisconsin, where he attended school winters and worked for various farmers during the summer months. On April 27, 1859, he started west, intending to prospect for gold in the vicinity of Pike's Peak, but learning that this would he an almosi hopeless venture, he went on to Nevada, and was employed making shingles, in Carson City. During the ensuing spring he went to Silver City, and there worked at mining, making a tunnel into a mountain. This tunnel of 105 feet in length he made in a period of fifty-two and a half days. Owing to the great cost of living - flour being $35 for fifty pounds - Mr. Kelsey spent only about a year at Silver City. In 1861 he went to Sacramento, Cal., but the following year returned to Silver City. In Septem- ber, 1863, he again started for California, and on October 3 of that same year embarked for New York, via Panama. En route the ship took fire in the Gulf of California, and Mr. Kelsey assisted in fighting the flames, which were finally extinguished. Upon their arrival in Panama, the passengers were not allowed to land in the city, the port being closed to citizens of the United States during the Civil War. They landed about a mile from the city, then marched between a file of black soldiers with bayonets fixed to the train which crossed the Isthmus. Upon his arrival in New York Mr. Kelsey again proceeded west to Pilot Mound, where he remained a short time, then going to Wisconsin and spending the winter of 1864. He later came back to Fillmore county and located permanently in Pilot Mound, where for two years he rented land and also engaged in carpenter work. In 1866 he bought the farm which he now operates. In 1884 his residence burned to the ground and until he built his present dwelling the family lived in a grain shed. His comfortable home was erected by himself, as were also other good buildings which stand on his farm. Mr. Kelsey owns 132 acres of land located on sections three, ten and twenty-seven, and carries on general, diversified farming and stock raising. Politically, he affiliates with the Republican party. He has many times been chairman and treasurer of the township, road overseer a considerable period, and member of the school board about twenty years, serving with general satisfaction to all. On December 25, 1865, Mr. Kelsey was united in marriage with Arvilla Hammer, born September 26, 1845, in Illinois, daughter of Ewell and Mary Ann (Matthews) Hammer. To this marriage have been born Sarah Elizabeth, Dolly Jane, George William, Ira Garrison. Sarah married George H. Smith; Dolly is the wife of Charles Person; and Ira, who operates the home farm, married Rosey Julian. Mr. and Mrs. Kelsey have eleven grandchildren and two greatgrandchildren. The family faith is that of the Methodist church, of which the Kelseys have long been members.

Tosten L. Hegland, who was a venerable and respected citizen of Pilot Mound township, was born in Norway, in 1824, son of Lars and Anna (Kvamme) Hegland, who spent their lives in the land of their birth. During the year of 1853, Tosten L. Hegland came to America and located in Rock County, Wisconsin, where for five years he secured employment with various farmers in the vicinity. In 1858 he went to California to prospect for gold, and secured a good claim, which he named the ''In and Out.'' He operated this claim for three year's, then disposed of it and returned to Wisconsin, where he worked on a farm. A year later he went to Illinois and purchased land, where he carried on farming operations for a period of five years, after which he sold and moved to Pilot Mound, here taking a farm of wild land, which had to be grubbed and broken. Water had to be earried up the bluffs, a distance of eighty rods from the house, and for ten years this was the only available water supply. On March 8, 1853, Mr. Hegland married Ingeborg Knuudtsdatter, daughter of Knut and Gunil Kiudtsdatter. To this marriage were born Lars, Knut, Andrina, Ryer and Thea Tansina. Lars and Knut now operate the home farm, which consists of 116 acres. Andrina married Thomas Osten, who died May 30, 1894, and to them were born Osear and Alfred. Ryer married Aagaat Hagen, and to them have been born Ray and Alma Rose. Thea Hansina married Chris Peterson, of Valley City, N. D., and they have a daughter, Eva Maria. The Hegland brothers raise pure bred Durham cattle, Poland-China hogs and good draft horses, keeping ten on the home farm for general use. In 1910 they sold a pair of draft horses for $475.00. During the active years of his life the subject of this sketch owned stock in the Fountain Creamery and also in the Lanesboro Lumber Company, and he was one of the first residents of Root Prairie to introduce steam threshing machines, while his sons, who now operate the farm, owned the first automobile in the vicinity. Mr. Hegland's later years were crowned with success which his younger days earned by toil and earnest endeavor, and he was held in high esteem by his fellow men. He died December 11, 1893, and his wife died August 2, 1911.

Wilson H. Culbertson brought his family from Pennsylvania in 1849, and settled in Scott county, Jowa, where he was employed seven years as a farmer. In June, 1856, be moved the family to Minnesota, and took a claim near St. Charles in Olmsted county. He traded this claim for fourteen yoke of oxen, which he disposed of, and then went to work for the Transit Railroad Company. Subsequentiy, he purchased 160 acres in Winona county, where he farmed the remainder of his life, dying December 16, 1878, at the age of fifty-four. His wife, who before her marriage was Mary Ann Duncan, died March 25, 1877.

Nathaniel D, Miller, successful and energetic farmer, residing in the township of Pilot Mound, was born in Missouri in 1863, and as an infant was taken to Wisconsin by his parents, Herman and Elizabeth (Darrow) Miller. He was given a good education and while a youth was employed as a woodsman in a lumber camp, At the age of twenty he came to Minnesota and was employed as a farm hand several seasons. In 1886 he rented a farm in Pilot Mound and there carried on agricultural pursuits for some time.

In 1894 he purchased 40 acres, which he operated, while he lived on rented property, which he later bought and now owns, the farm comprising 120 acres located on sections 7 and 8 Mr. Miller raises Shorthorn cattle, Poland-China hogs, Shropshire sheep and Norman horses. Politically, he is affiliated with the Republican party and has been elected to serve in some of the prominent public offices in his township, among which are: Chairman of the school board for some time, clerk of school board for nine years and pathmaster for ten successive terms. January 5, 1888, he was united in marriage with Martha, danghter of James and Ann (Norton) Cocker. To this union have been born three children: Esther E., Clarence 8., and Vera Elsie.

A. J. Beachy was born in Alleghany county, Maryland, April 12, 1847, son of Abraham and Annie (Zabaugh) Beachy, and lived the usual life of the Maryland boys of his period. In 1864 he came to Minnesota and worked three years in Bristol and three years in Carimona. Then he and John Sheets operated a farm in York township for five years. Later he returned to Bristol and worked one summer for his father-in-law, John Shook. Then he purchased the farm in section 6, Harmony township, where for more than thirty-five years he made his home. He worked to make his place one of the best in that locality and that he succeeded is well attested by the neighbors of today. He was united in marriage with Elizabeth, daughter of John Shook, a native of Somerset eounty, Pennsylvania. To this union have been born three children. Kate M. is now Mrs. Wiluam Burnaster and is the mother of two children. Estelle, who is deceased, married Mr. Byers and was the mother of one child, Fay. Lucretia married Ernest Burmaster. On March 13, 1911, Mr. Beachey left the home farm, which he had rented, and moved to Harmony village, where he is now living a somewhat retired life, though he keeps a fine large garden which aifords him some exercise and a great deal of pleasure in his leisure hours.

Albert Culbertson, mayor of Whalan, was born in Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, February 14, 1847, son of Wilson H. and Mary Ann (Duncan) Culbertson. He spent his youth in Jowa and Minnesota, and in the spring of 1878 moved to Mower county and purchased a quarter section on which he started farming. Owing to the failure of crops, he left this farm and went to Winona county. December 31, 1878, he came to Whalan, where he has since resided. On May 8, 1884, Mr. Culbertson bought the farm which he has since operated with success and good management. This farm comprises 220 acres, has good buildings, and is well cquipped with modern implements, and stocked with a goodly number of pure blooded Red Poiled and Durham eaitle, as well as horses, about fifteen of which are kept for farm purposes. For forty years Mr. Culbertson operated a threshing machine in Winona and Fillmore counties. He has now disposed of this business) He is now proprietor of the Culbertson House in Whalan, owns a farm implement store, and he has kept charge of his farm. In political convictions, he is an independent Democrat, voting for principle rather than for party. He has served as chairman of the board of supervisors for three years, constable for four years, and school director for fifteen years. He has been mayor of Whalan for over fifteen years. My. Culbertson has numerous business interests, and is president of the Whalan Mutual Telephone Company. Socially, he is affiliated with the Whalan A. 0. U. W. May 8, 1872, he married Jennie Canfield, a native of Jackson county, Iowa. She died July 8, 1912. An adopted son, R. W,, lives With his father and attends the Toland Business College at LaCrosse, Wisconsin.

Hans E. Nordness, progressive farmer and citizen of Carrolton township, was born at Sogn, Norway, in June, 1852. THis father, Erick T., came to America in 1873 and now resides in Fillmore county at the advanced age of ninety-two years. Tlans E. attended school in his native land and there grew to manhood. When twenty years of age, he left his old home, crossed the Atlantic and upon his arrival in America, proceeded west to Minnesota and located in Lanesboro, where he was employed at various occupations for a period of four years. He next worked on a mill dam a year and then, in 1877, settled down to general farming. He bought property on section 3, Ilolt township, where he engaged in farming industries for fourteen years, after which he sold his farm and came to Carrolton, where he and his father now make their home with a nephew, who is in charge of the farm. Mr. Nordness was one of a large family, having eight brothers and sisters, «ll of whom have passed to the Great Beyond. Edward O. Nelson, the nephew, married Eda J. Slindee of Adams, Minn., and to them have been born three children: Sadic, Gertrude and Earl.

Iver Abrahamson (Rustad), deceased, was born in Hadeland, Norway, one of the six children of Abraham and Karen Rustad, who eame to America in 1853 and located in Clayton county, Towa, where they engaged in farming. In 1856, they came to Minnesota and settled in Amherst township, this county, where the father passed away in 1860. Iver received his education in the schools of Norway and America. About 1856 he purchased 240 acres of railroad land in sections 29, 30 and 31, Holt township. He was married in August, 1868, to Ingebor Baalerud, who was born in Norway in 1843 and came to this country with her mother in 1861. He died August 9, 1869, leaving his widow and an infant son, Peter.

Ole E, Nordness was born in 1847 at Sogn, Norway. In 1868 he came to America. After spending one year in Wisconsin, he came to Minnesota, where he homesteaded land in section 24 in Carrolton township. He lived on this farm until his death in the year 1904.

Erick T. Nordness was born on June 20, 1820, at Sogn, Norway. He was the second of eight brothers and sisters, all except one of whom came to America. He was married to Soneva Vangen in 1846 and to this union were born nine children. He came to America and direet to Lanesboro in the year 1873, making his home with his oldest son, Ole E. Nordness, who had arrived and homesteaded in Carrolton township four years before. His wife died in 1908 at the age of eighty-five years.

Peter Abrahamson, progressive farmer residing on section 30, Holt township, was born on the farm which he now owns, May 6, 1869, son of Iver Abrahamson Rustad and Ingebor Baalerud, his wife. He received the rudiments of his education in the district schools in Holt township and later attended the public school in Lanesboro, spending two winters in Wallace's Business College, La Crosse. After completing his studies, he went back to the old home on the farm and there resided until twenty-three years of age in the employ of his mother. Then he purchased the home farm of 240 acres, now known as the ''Sunny Slope Stock Farm,'' and has since made many improvements thereon, having erected a brick residence, a substantial barn and good outbuildings. Gradually, as opportunity has afforded, Mr. Abrahamson has added to his original possessions, now owning 445 acres of farm land and thirteen acres of timber. He is particularly interested in stock raising and makes a specialty of pure bred Percheron and coach horses, Aberdeen Angus cattle and Poland- China hogs. Politically, he is member of the Republican party. In March, 1906, he was elected to serve as clerk of Holt township, which office he still holds. He has been clerk of school distriet 33 for nearly sixteen years, and has also served as one of its directors. He attends the Lutheran church and for several terms has served the organization ag trustee. On January 1, 1892, Karen Mathilda Sethre became his wife, and their mar- riage has resulted in the birth of four children: Ingwald Abrahamson, born January 2, 1893; Arnold J. Abrahamson, born February 26, 1895; Paul Walter, born January 20, 1900; and Elsie Ingebor Maria, born July 25,1908. Mrs. Karen Mathilde (Sethre) Abrahamson was born in Holt township, this county, on April 18, 1869, daughter of Johan and Maria (Holter) Sethre, natives of Eidsvold and Nannestad, Norway. Jolian Sethre came to America in 1854 and located on a farm in IIolt township. He married Maria Holter in 1868 and to them were born two children: Karen Mathilde and Helda, who is now Mrs. Albert Overgard. Mr. Sethre died March 1, 1897, and his widow now resides with her son, Hans P., on the home farm, at the advanced age of seventysix years.

John Q. Lanskov, a prominent native citizen of Pilot Mound township, was born September 8, 1869. His parents, Simon and Marn (Jacobson) Landskov, were both born in Norway, where they were educated and married. In 1861 they crossed the Atlantic and came to America, after which they proceeded west and scitled in this county, reuting land for five years, then purchasing the farm on which they now reside in section 31, Pilot Mound. Eighty-seven acres of this farm are located in Pilot Mound and 80 aeres in Chatfield, and the place has been brought to its present value by unceasing attention. John O., subject of this sketch, acquired a common school education and assisted with the duties of the home farm. He later went to Tracy, where he was employed nine months as clerk in a hardware store. In 1910, he returned to Fillmore county and bought from his father eighty-seven acres of land, upon which he carried on general farming for a period of time, afterwards renting to Erickson Brothers. Mr. Lanskov now makes a specialty of raising bees. He has served as clerk of town board for three years and he is treasurer of the Fountain Hose Company, the Fountain and Pilot Mound Telephone Company, and the Root Prairie church. He was married June 27, 1900, to Maria Nordley, daughter of Narve and Christie (Trulson) Nordley, and they have four children: Neldred, Mabel, Juella and Orie Guyron.

Mons Anderson was born in Hadeland, Norway, September 24, 1846, oldest chiid of Anders and Inger (Butingsrud) Berven, the former a native of Hadeland and the latter of Aadalen, Norway. Coming to America in 1861, the subject of this sketch secured employment at various occupations and his industrious habits won the esteem of each of his employers. He married Ingebor Baalerud, widow of Iver Abrahamson (Rustad), after which he took charge of her farm in sections 29 and 30. For a number of years he worked this place on shares, purchasing the estate in 1876. In 1891, he bought 80 acres in section 29, 23 acres of the Abrahamson farm, and later another 80 acres. He has engaged in agricultural pursuits and makes his property more valuable each succeeding year. Politically, Mr. Anderson is a member of the Republican party and is well suited to serve in the various public offices of the township. He has been clerk of school district 33 twenty-five years; supervisor of the township for many years and township assessor for three years. He is a member of the Lutheran chureh, has been secretary of this organization for a long time and treasurer for more than twenty years. To Mr. Anderson and his wife cight children were born, of whom six are now living: Augusta, now Mrs. Tessum of Thief River Falls, Minn.; Anna, now Mrs. Ole Peterson, residing with her father on the home farm; Antone, of Tacoma, Wash.; Iver, of Roundup, Mont.; Ida, the wife of Magnus Gjerdrum, of Grass Range, Mont.; and Oscar, also of Grass Range, Mont. The mother of these children died April 29, 1903. Mr. Anderson, as noted, was the youngest of three children. Ingebor, the oldest was born January 1, 1831, grew to womanhood in Norway, married Ander Bollerus, and came to America in 1861, locating in Yfolt township, this county. Thron is now in Norway.

Richard Wadden, deceased, one of the early settlers in this county, was horn in Ireland May 15, 1844, and when a boy came to America with his parents, who settled at Hazel Green, Wis., for a time, and later came to this county and homesteaded land on section 3, Carrolton township, where the father passed away. Richard, during the years of his hoyhood, went to school and worked on the home farm. When twenty-one years of age, he bought a farm and erected a dwelling, which was later burned, after which he built the residence, which now siands on the farm. For many years he carried on agricultural pursuits with marked success. His ability to serve in public offices was recognized by his fellow citizens, who elected him treasurer of the sehool board and chairman of the board of supervisors. July 11, 1865, Mr. Wadden married Catherine Shaughnessy, of Fountain, and to this marriage were born seven children: John is a farmer in Carrolton; Margaret I. is now Mrs. Martin Barther, has three children, and resides in Madison, South Dakota; Mary I. married Martin Horihen; Nicholas married Anna, daughter of John Horihen and has one child; Mary C. He operates the home farm and he and his family live with his mother. Catherine is a teacher in Lenora; Anna is the wife of James O'Hara, and has two children; Gertrude is teaching at Pilot Mound. On March 15, 1901, Mr. Wadden entered into rest. Mrs. Catherine (Shaughnessy)

Wadden was a daughter of Patrick and Margaret (Enright) Shaughnessy, who came to America from Ireland in 1847. For ten years after their arrival in the United States, these worthy people lived in McHenry county, Tlinois, where the father operuted a farm. During the month of May, 1857, the family started in covered wagons for Minnesota, and after arriving in Fillmore county, settled on a claim in Fountain township. There the father built a rude shack, broke and cultivated the land, and became a prosperous farmer. While living in the shack, the mother was killed by a tree, which was uprooted during a severe storm and thrown on the shack. Mr. Shaughnessy died October 16, 1887.

Ole T. Brokken, an energetic and progressive young farmer of Preston township, was born in Harmony township, January 18, 1871, son of Tallak and Aase Brokken, of honored memory. He spent his boyhood on his father's farm, and attended the district school of his neighborhood. Upon attaining his majority he bought a farm of 120 acres to which he has since devoted his attention. The farm is well cultivated and cared for, and Mr. Brokken has erected the dwelling house and the outbuildings, the buildings all being comfortable and substantial. Mr. Brokken is highly regarded by all, he keeps well abreast of the times, and is regarded as one of the desirable cilizens of the county. His good management and industry are convincing evidence that he will walk the paths of success so worthily trod by his father. The subject of this sketch married Oline Olson, and they have a well-ordered, well-kept home.

Christ A. Dunham, whose farm lies on the town line between Holt and Amherst, first saw the light of day in Eidsvold, Norway, December 22, 1841, son of Andrew and Margaret Dunham. He attended school in his native land and fitted himself for the responsibilities of life. When 28 years of age, he decided to seek his fortune in America. In company with his step-mother, Bertha Maria Lee, he crossed the ocean to the United States and came at onee to this county. For seven years he worked for various farmers in and about Highland Prairie, after which he bought eighty acres and started farming for himself. [le put up a log house and in that rude dwelling lived for several years, after whieh he moved into his new home. He ¢arries on general farimning, stock raising and dairying. As opportunity has made possible, he has purchased additional property, now owning eightyfive acres of farm land and thirty acres of timber land. February 19, 1875, he married Annie, daughter of John and Margaret (Knudson) Gullickson. To this marriage seven children have been born: Margaret, John, Malvin, Clara, Julia, Alpha, and Malvin. Margaret is dead. Her husband, Gustaf Dunham, and their son live in North Dakota. John A. lives in North Dakota. Malvin (first) is dead. Clara married Kd Nelson and bas four children: Nels, Caroline, Della, and Ella. Julia is the wife of Anton Tohan and has two children: Clifford and Mabel. Alpha lives in North Dakota. Malvin (second) is at home.

John Bostrack, a prominent citizen of Holt township, who has for many years been identified with responsible town offices, was born in Dane county, Wisconsin, August 28, 1865, son of John and Mary K. (Peterson) Bostrack, natives of Norway, who came to America about 1856 and located in Dane county, Wisconsin, where the father resides at the present time at the age of cighty years, the mother died in 1902 at the age of seventy-six years. The snbject of this sketch attended school as a boy and fitted himself for the useful life of a farmer. In 1885 he left home and went to Kossuth county, Iowa, where he purchased a farm on which he conducted agricultural industries for a period of eight years, after which he eame to Minnesota and hought the farm of 120 acres of well cultivated land in section 9, Holt township, where he has since continued to reside. He carries on general farming, and makes a specialty of tobacco culture, raising from ten to fourteen acres each year. On November 24, 1886, Mr. Bostrack married Christina Steenson and to them have been born eight children: John is a mail carrier of Whalan, Minn.; Martha, Mary, Betsy, Christina, Ole, Margaret, and Lydia are all at home. The family attends the Lutheran church of which Mr. Bostrack has served as treasurer for many years. Mrs. Christina (Steenson) Bostrack was barn in Bergen, Norway, in 1857, daughter of Ole and Brata (Thompson) Steenson, who came to this country in 1862 and located on a farm in sections 3 and 4, Holt township, where they reside at the present time. John Bostrack has been chairman of his township since 1908, and was town assessor continuously from 1891 until 1902, with the exeeption of one year. He was secretary of the Whalan Telephone Company for six years. In all these positions he has done good service, and given genera] satisfaction.

Ellef O. Peterson, deceased, one of the prominent citizens of Holt township, was born in Wisconsin near Madison, on July 21, 1855, son of Ole and Carrie (Austin) Peterson, who in 1861 brought him to Fillmore county and located in Amherst township, where he grew to manhood, attending school and working on the home farm. When twenty-six years of age he took charge of some farm land in Holt township owned by his father-in-law, Erick

Swenson. On this property he made many improvements, constructed necessary buildings, and in 1910 erected the fine barn, which is one of the largest in the township. Of industrious habits and possessed with good business judgment, Mr. Peterson became popular in the community and held many publie offices, among which were supervisor of the township, road overseer and treasurer of the district school. Politically, he aifiliated with the Republican party. On February 27, 1883, he married Betsey Olson, who was born in Sogen, Norway, on November 24, 1861, daughter of Ole and Ingebor (Mallum) Olson. This marriage was blessed with eleven children, of whom the following are now living: Clara, at home; Osear, resident of Carrolton; Edward and Lewis, at home; Alpha, now Mrs. Alphonse Skalet, of _ Amherst; Ida, Henry, Emma, Arthur, and William at home; and Elmer Walter (deceased). The members of the family are communicants of the Lutheran church, in which, for many years, Mr. Peterson held the office of deacon. On July 5, 1911, Mr. Peterson passed away, and his death was a great loss, not alone to his immediate family, but also to the entire community.

Betsey (Olson) Peterson was born in Norway, November 24, 1861, and came with her mother, Ingebor (Mallum) Olson, to America during the spring of 1868, her father having died in Norway. The family came west to Minnesota and settled in Amherst township, where Mrs. Ingebor Olson was married to Erick Swenson, They carried on farming for a time in Amherst township, later moving to Holt township, where Erick Swenson bought 160 acres in section 33, and passed the remainder of his days, his death occurring September 3, 1895. His widow, now eighty years old, resides with her daughter, Betsey, the subject of this biography, who grew to womanhood on her step-father's farm, was educated in the district school near home, and after her marriage to Ellef Peterson February 27, 1888, continued to make the old home her abiding place.

Ole Peterson and Carrie (Austin) Peterson, his wife, early settlers, came to this country from Norway in 1850, and for some time made their home near Madison, Wisconsin, after which in 1861, they came to Fillmore county and secured 160 acres of land in Amherst township, where they spent the remainder of their lives. They were the parents of ten children, six of whom are now alive: Betsey, the wife of T. Gilbertson, of Dawson, Minn. ; Peter, of Kerinan, N. D.; Annie, now Mrs. L. H. Peterson, of Amherst; John, of Carrolton; Martin, of Crosby, N. D., and Andrew, of Columbns, N. D. Mr. Peterson died on March 11, 1910, Mrs. Peterson's death having occurred about thirty years previous to that date.

Bert N. Shattuck, who now resides on the old Shattuck homestead at Highland in Holt township, was born September 28, 1866, son of Andrew and Julia A. (Graves) Shattuck. When a boy he attended the district school near home and assisted his father with the work on the farm. From 1877 until 1896, he was engaged in the well drilling business in partnership with his brother, George W. Disposing of his interest to his brother in the latter year, he purchased ninety-seven acres of the old home farm including the homestead in section 35, Holt township. He also purchased eighteen acres of timber land in Preble township on which is located the noted Shattuck Spring and picnie grounds. He now engages in general diversified farming, and makes a specialty of dairying, being among the first to introduce the Holstein-Friesian blooded cattle in this locality. He and his brother, George W., built the first eement-block silos in their part of the county. Mr. Shattuck's standing as an. industrious and energetic man, is evidenced by the well-cared for farm and substantial and commodious home and outbuildings. On June 26, 1895, he was united in marriage to Della Pickett, born in Carimona, October 10, 1866, daughter of Joseph and Martha (Sayles) Pickett, natives of New York and Pennsylvania, respectively. Mrs. Shattuck received a thorough education fitting herself for a teacher; and for several years followed her profession in the district schools of the county. To Mr. and Mrs. Shattuck two children have come to gladden their home: Doris, born July 15, 1898, and Nathaniel, born January 1, 1901, the latter being the first child born in the county on the first day of a new century. The Shattucks are esteemed members and liberal supporters of the Friends church at Highland. Mr. Shattuck's political views are those endorsed by ithe Prohibition party. Both he and his wife are strong temperance workers and advocates of the good cause.

Joseph Pickett was one of the very earliest settlers of Carimona. He, his brothers, Edwin and William, and his father, David, came to Carimona in the fall of 1852 from Indiana. He and his brother Edwin built a sawmill in the spring of 1854, 20 by 60 feet, and set it in operation. This mill was operated in an intermittent way until 1874, when it was demolished, Mr. Pickett was identified with many of the early enterprises in Carimona and immediate vicinity, and became one of the representative and substantial citizens of Fillmore county. His wife, who was Martha Sayles, proved a most faithful helpmate, a true wife and loving mother. Their home was blessed with six children: Metta, now Mrs. Emmet Kahlbaugh; Edwin, of Granger, this county; Lavinia, now Mrs. O. A. Kirkelie, of Ocean Park, Calit. ; Iza, of Austin, Minn. ; Della E., now Mrs. B. N. Shattuck, of Highland, this county; and Daniel, of Wykoff, this county. Joseph Piekett died June 22, 1883. THis wife died June 6, 1911.

Reverend Arne E. Boyum, who for fifty years preached the gospel in southern Minnesota, was born at Bergen Stift Sogen, Norway, April 7, 1833, son of Elling Eviekson and Annie (Sevathson) Boyum, was confirmed in 1848, and sueeecded by boyish perseverance and application in securing a common school edncation. He came io America in 1853, and lived three years in Dane county, Wisconsin, farming, studying, preaching, and teaching. In 1856 he came to this part of the country, began his labors as a home missionary of the Norwegian Evangelical Lutheran faith, and took a claim in Rushford. Six years later he moved to a farm which he purchased in Arendahl. ITLere he made his home, his family looking after the farm interests during his absence on missionary tours. He served as pastor of a mumber of churches, organized many ecougregations, and became a decided factor for good in southern Minnesota and northern Iowa. For many years he was president of the Ilange Synod, of the Norwegian Lutheran Evangelical church. He retired from the active ministry in 1896, but even after that worked as a home missionary. Rev. Boyum now devotes his time to the farm, which comprises 507 acres located in sections 10, 14, and 15, the family residence being on section 10. When this land was first purchased, it was wild prairie and timber, and its present fertile and well-tilled condition is due to the excellent management and untiring industry of its owner. In political opinions, Rev. Boyum is a staunch Republican, but the many duties of his home and church have prevented his occupying public office. He is a stockholder in the local creamery and elevator. On July 25, 1859, Anna Iverson became his wife. Their marriage was blessed with twelve children: Erik, Iver, Ellmg, Bertha, Ole, John, Erik M., Andreas, Arne G., Sevath M., Anne G., and Peter A. Anne G. is now the wife of A. Anderson, of Goodhue county, Minnesota. Erik, Bertha, Ole, John, and Arne G. are deceased.

Ole E, Boyum, a representative citizen, has served as member of the legislature, county commissioner, justice of the peace, town clerk, road overseer, and in other offices, discharging the various duties of those positions with credit to himself and with satisfaction to the people who have elected him. He is a firm believer in the principles endorsed by the Republicau party, to which he has ever given hig support. Mr. Boyum is of Norwegian birth and ancestry, having first seen the Hight of day at Sogen, on February 10, 1846, son of Elling Erickson and Annie (Sevathson) Boyum. In 1856, in company with his father, he came to America and settled first in Dane county, Wisconsin, remaining there one year, after whieh they came to Minnesota and made their home in Rushford township. Five years later, the subject of this biography located in Arendahl township, where he resides at the present time. Acquiring a part of his education in the schools of his native land, he completed his studies in Fillmore county, and laid the foundation for his present success as a farmer by attending faithfully to the many tasks required of him at home. He now owns 53734 acres of land, in sections 2, 10, 11, and 14, on which he engages in general farming and dairying. He is one of the directors of the local elevator. On June 10, 1866, Annie Johnson became his wife and their marriage has resulted in following children: Erik A. (deceased),Maria J., Anna Julia, Ellen A.. Andreas, Edward, Martin, Benjamin, Alfred George and Osear A.(deceased). Maria is now the wife of Rev. A. EH. Hanson and lives in Cunada; Anna Julia became the wife of C. J. Benston and resides in Arendahl township; Ellen A. is now Mrs. A. O. Moen, of Peterson, Minn. The members of the family have been communicauts of the Norwegian Lutheran church many years and have ever been liberal contributors to its support.

Peter P. Highum was born at Sogen, Norway, in Nov. 18, 1849, son of Peter and Guri (Truls) Highum, who brought him to America in 1854, and settled in Columhia county, Wisconsin, where they remained for six years, then removing to Minnesota, by means of a horse and ox team, acquiring land in Arendahl township, which had to be grubbed and broken to prepare it for cultivation. The subject of this sketch worked for his father until 1873, during which year he purchased his present farm, comprising 240 avres in section 12, He has made many improvements on this land, erected good buildings, cultivated the soil and carefully attended to raising valuable crops. As time and opportunity have afforded he has added to his holdings. His present prosperity is the result of years of hard work. When he first settled in the county, water had to be hauled a distance of three miles, and this was especially trying during the long, cold, winter months. Mr. Highum now earries on general farming and stock raising, preferring Shorthorn cattle for dairy purposes. He affiliates with the Republican party and attends the Norwegian Lutheran church. On February 9, 1876, he married Anna Helene, daughter of Ellend and Berthe (Fretem) Brekke. To this marriage have been born: Edward A., Bertha Julia, Thea S., Alfred P., Osear, Bertha M., Henry B., George A., Phillip E., A. Eugene,

Mr. Highum has served in many publie offices and has given general satisfaction to those who have elected him. He has been member of the school board sixteen years, member of the town board six years, and road overseer a considerable period. He is a director in the Rushford eievator and a stockholder in the Arendahl creamery and is vitally interested in various other business enterprises.

John H. Hale was a striking example of what may be achieved by hard work, faithful adherence to duty, unswerving integrity, and an ability to foresee the future and to grasp opportunities at a favorable time. He is of good old Granite state stock, born in New Hampshire, Aug. 25, 1828. He there spent his boyhood, received a good old-fashioned common school education, and in 1857 came to Minnesota, settling in section 17, Sumner township, this county, where he engaged in agricultural pursuits until about 1890, when he turned the management of his broad acres over to his sons, Charles W. and George H., and retired from active life. He, however, continued to live on the home farm the greater part of the time until his death, Aug. 14, 1907. He was married, Aug. 27, 1855, to Ann Judson Willey, born in New Hampshire, about twenty-five miles south of the White Mountains, Feb, 27, 1887. Mr. and Mrs. Hale were the parents of five children: Elizabeth E., Clara A., Charles W., Ella and George H. Elizabeth E. lives at home. Clara A. is now Mrs. John Rowell, of Hinsdale, Mass., and has two children, John and Helen. Charles W. married Martha Engle and they are the proud parents of three children, John, Edward and Robert. Ella is dead. George H. is on the home farm, unmarried. Mrs. Hale is spending her deelining years on the home farm, surrounded by the love and care of her children. She was a worthy helpmeet to Mr. Hale in all his life undertakings, a faithful and sympathetic wife, and a loving and understanding mother. She made the Hale home a plaee where hospitality was dispensed with liberal hand; and the latch string is ever out to friends. Her influence has ever been for good, and her worth is written on the hearts of many.

Jobn H. Hale was a man worthily respected in the community in which he made his home. Not caring for public life, he was nevertheless interested in all good works, and his advice was ever estcemed by his many friends. He lived close to his family and loved his home, and the story of his worth and character will be told for many generations to come. It is such men as he who have given to Minnesota the high reputation which it so deservedly enjoys.

Charles W. Hale and George H. Hale, known as the Ilale Brothers, extensive farmers, stockraisers, and corn growers, of Sumner township, were born on the farm where they still reside, in section 17, sons of John H. and Ann Judson (Willey) Hale, the worthy pioneers. They were given a good education, and took up farming as their life work. They now own one of the largest farms in Fillmore county, all of which is conducted directly under their management. On this place are raised annually, from seven to eight hundred acres of corn, about three hundred aeres of oats, and considerable hay. The produce is not sold in the open market but is used in feeding the beef cattle, hogs, sheep and horses. In addition to the tilled land, the farm contains about seven hundred aeres of pasture. Some of the men employed are married, live on different parts of the farm, and assist in boarding employes during the busy seasons. The Hales have recently erected an excellent modern dwelling, which, with the other buildings, makes one of the beautiful farm places of the county. The Hale brothers have a large eirele of friends and acquaintances and are noted for their industry and perseverence, being progressive agriculturists, and model and desirable citizens in every respect. Charles W. is noted throughout the Northwest as a leeturer of merit, having appeared at many Farmers' Institutes.

Hans P. Hoff and his wife, Marn Lysen, were born in Norway, there attended school and were married. About 1868 these worthy people decided to seek their fortune in America, accordingly sailed across the ocean, and after their arrival in the United States, proceeded west to Minnesota and located in Norway township, Fillmore county, where they rented a farm for five years. In 1873 they moved to the Red River Valley, in northwestern Minnesota, where they carried on general farming for several years, after which they came back to Fillmore county and purchased 240 acres in Arendahl township. Mr. Hoff improved this land, erected comfortable buildings, and there lived until summoned by death, May 19, 1912, at the extreme age of eighty-five years. Muys. Hoff died July 20, 1895. They were the parents of six children, of whom two are now living. Ilans lives in Holt. Isabel is now Mrs. Serum, of Rushford township. Paul H., Erick H., Gilbert H. and Gueber are deceased.

Hans Hoff, a representative farmer of Holt township, first saw the light of day at Hadeland, Norway, on December 23, 1858, his parents being Hans P. and Marn (Lysen) Iloff, who brought him to Fillmore county at the age of ten years. He attended district school and worked with his father on the home farm until twenty-six years of age. In 1887 he bought 140 acres in Amherst township. Seven years later he disposed of this property and purchased 25844 aeres in sections 14, 15 and 16, Holt, township, where he now lives. In connection with his general farming interests, he raises Norman horses, Hereford cattle and Chester White hogs. His well-kept place is known as the '' Diamond Oak Farm,'' and its prosperous condition is due to skillful management of its owner. Mr. Iloff is a Republican, politically ; has been supervisor of the township for a year and director of the sehool board for nine years. He was for many years trustee of the Lutheran church, of which he and his family are members. On Mareh 3, 1887, Mr. Hoff married Julia Rustad, who was born September 15, 1862, in Amherst, daughter of Ole and Marth (Baalerud) Rustad, natives of Hadeland, Norway. This marriage has resulted in six children: Hilda Malvina, born August 21, 1888, now wife of Ole Myer, of Holt township; Osear Martin, born June 19, 1891; Ilenry Eugene, born December 28, 1893; Ida Geoline, born November 18, 1898; Paul Archibald, born August 21, 1902, and Myrtle lnora Minerva, born September 3, 1906. Mrs. Hoff has rendered valuable service as treasurer of the Ladies' Aid societty of the Lutheran church for the past cight years.

John Smaby, retired farmer and miller living in Rushford township, was born in Totan, Norway, January 22, 1846, son of Peder and Parnela (Johnson) Smaby, who came to America in 1878. The subject of this biography was educated in Norway and when twenty-four years of age, he decided to seek his fortune in America, subsequently crossing the ocean to this country. For some time after his arrival in Minnesota, he was employed in a flour mill, having learned that trade in Norway. In 1885, he began agricultural pursuits on his farm of 115 acres in section 29, Rushford township, and continued this oceupation until 1907, when he retired from active labors and now rents the farm on shares. Mr. Smaby is a stockholder in the Peterson creamery and elevator and has other business interests. He is a member of the United Lutheran church. During the past, he has been elected to serve in many of the prominent public offices in his township, having been a member of the town board for twelve years, on the school board for eighteen years and road overseer for a period of time. Mr. Smaby mastered the English language by himself, and overcoming obstacles has earned for himself the respect and esteem of his fellowmen. On February 18, 1871, he marricd Julia Viste, who was born m Norway, and _ this marriage has resulted in the following: Peter (deceased), Gena Mary, Nels J., Caroline Petra, Willie (deceased), Adolph (deeeased). Gena is now the wife of S. R. Severson. Mrs. Julia (Viste) Smaby died August 27, 1906.

Nels J. Smaby, a prominent citizen of Peterson, has served in many public offices, doing good service as member and president of the village council of Peterson, as member of the school board, and as a member of the Rushford village (township) board. He is recognized as a useful citizen of sterling qualities, He was born in Peterson in 1874, son of John and Julia (Viste) Smaby, and in that village grew to manhood. He began his education in the common schools and completed it with a course at Humboldt College, Humboldt, Iowa. In 1893, Mr. Smaby accepted a position with the Moen Casket Company, in whose employ he remained for three years. In 1896 he engaged in the lumber business, in which he has since continued. Mr. Smaby is secretary of the Farmers' Elevator Company, and gives his best efforts for the interests of that concern. He is Sunday School superintendent of the United Lutheran church and a prominent member of that organization. He was married September 12, 1903, to Tine Asleson, daughter of Asle Asleson Buan and Anna Uhlen, and to them have been born Willie Alton, Geneva Alida, Arthur Jonathan, and Norris Talbert.

Nels J. Amble, who has long been proninently associated in political affairs in Peterson, is a son of Johannes L. and Seneva (Peterson) Amble, natives of Sogen, Norway, who came to America in 1866, first locating in Arendahl township, where they bought eighty acres of wild land, which they broke and eultivated. In 1869 they disposed of this farm and rented a place from S. E. Boyum in Arendahl township. In 1874 they moved to Rushford, where they purchased 120 acres three years later. Nels J., the subject of this biography, wus born in 1867, and spent the early years of his life m Arendahl township, there attending school and assisting with the general farm work. He completed his education with a course in Stoughton Business College at Stoughton, Wis., after which he came to Rushford and engaged in the lumber business for a period of one year. In 1891 he entered the grain business, in which he remained for seven years and at the end of that time he was elected to serve as postmaster at Peterson. After serving in this capacity for two years, Mr. Amble resigned and went into real estate business, which he conducts at the present time, also paying considerable attention to fire insurance, Among the various public offices in which he has given excellent service and general satisfaction are: President of Peterson, clerk of Peterson school district for eighteen years, village recorder of Rushford for nine years, census enumerator in 1900. Mr. Amble was one of the organizers of the village of Peterson and it is due to his efforts that the village became incorporated. Among his many busi- ness interests, he is a vice-president of the Peterson State Bank and stockholder in the Peterson creamery and elevator, of which he was one of the organizers. In his political opinions he is a Republican and his religious faith is that set forth in the teachings of the Hauge Norwegian Evangelical Lutheran church.

John A. Bremmer was born in Arendahl township October 2, 1882, son of Augund A. and Christie (Sviggum) Bremmer ; the former was a native of Sogen, Norway, and the latter of Fillmore county. The father, after his arrival in this country, came west to Minnesota and bought a home and farm, broke and grubbed the land, cultivated it and carried on general farming. He was a member of the town and schoo! board and also served as road overseer, He was a stockholder in the Peterson elevator. He died October 30,1911. John A. Bremmer was educated in the common schools near home and supplemented his studies with a course in the Southern Minnesota Normal College of Austin. For some time after leaving school, he assisted his father on the farm, but in 1909 rented his mother's farm of 230 acres, which he operates on shares. He is now engzged in diversified farming and raises Durham cattle, Poland-China hogs, and good horses for general farm work. In political views, Mr. Bremmer is a staunch Republican, but he has not been a seeker of public office. He owns shares in the Arendahl creamery and has other business interests. On March 20, 1907, he married Elizabeth Arsvold, who was born in 1881, daughter of Thomas P. and Anna (Boyum) Arsvold, the former of whom was born in Norway and the latter in Wisconsin. To Mr. and Mrs. Bremmer two children have been born, Adolph C. and Truman A. Mrs. Bremmer is one of a family of eleven children: Peter T., Elizabeth, Henry, Bertina, Pauline, Adolph T., Joseph, Jacob, Benjamin, Emma, and Alma. Bertina married Thomas G. Saunders. Mr. Bremmer has six sisters and two brothers, as follows: Martha, now Mrs. Henry O. Johnson; Anna B.; Karina (deceased) ; Ida C.; Andrew A.; Alma C. (deceased) ; Clarence A.; and Alma Karina.

Ingebret Hermandson (Olness), a prosperous farmer residing in Arendahl township, was born at Sogen, Norway, January 29, 1832, son of Herman Hermandson and Brita (Dvergedal) Olness, natives of Norway, the former coming to America in 1861. Ingebret, the son, attended school in the home country and taught himself the English language. He crossed the ocean to America in 1856 and upon his arrival settled in Wisconsin, where he farmed for one year. Coming to Minnesota in 1857, he located in Arendahl township, where he was employed by farmers until

1861, when he bought 300 acres, cighty of which are located in section 86, Winona county, and the remainder im sections 4, 16, and 6, Arendahl township. On this farm, Mr. Olness breeds pure blooded Shorthorn cattle, Poland-China hogs, and farm horses, and raises corn, barley, oats, and wheat, and also timothy seed. Tle owns a Shorthorn-Durham sire. The present fertile acres are in striking contrast to the ''grub'' land he originally purchased, and the present improvemenis are a contrast to conditions of the carly days, when water had to be carried from a distance of six miles. The industry and hard work of the owner have resulted in his present prosperity. He is a staunch Republican, but not an office seeker. On July 10, 1864, Mr. Olness married Gertrude Olson Eggum, daughter of Ole Lasseson and Gertrude (Hanson) Eggum, and the following children have been born: Herman, who married Mary Millene ; Anna; Ole Johannes, who married Thea Millene; Lewis Henry, who married Cora Bersrud; Bettha Karina, who died in 1895; Mary Josephine, the wife of Martin Boyum; Martha Helena; Elizabeth Serena; Christina Julia, who married Otto Sandrope; Peter Edward, Carl Wilhelm, and Bennie Martin. The members of the family are communicants of the Lutheran chireh. The mother died December 5, 1910,

Duncan McConochie, born at Ontario, Canada, December 15, 1830, and Jean Ferguson, his wife, were natives of the province of Ontario, Canada, who eame to the United States in 1856, and settled in Arendahl| township, Fillmore county, where they bought a farm of wild land. Mr. MecConoehie broke and developed his property, made improvements from time to time, and as the years passed his efforts were crowned with suecess and he grew prosperous. In 1877 he left the farm in Arendahl and moved to Pilot Mound, where he now owns 370 acres in sections 11, 12, 26, and 1. During the first ycars of his residence here, water had to be hauled from two to three miles, but now he owns a fine well which is 332 feet deep and whose supply is inexhaustible. Mr. MeConochie engages in general farming and raises pure bred Shorthorn cattle, owning a valnable sire. He sells about fifteen head of cattle annually and also about fifty hogs. He owns nineteen horses and raises many, which he disposes of to various buyers. The snbject of this sketch is a Republiean in political opinions and he has served on town and school board in both Arendahl and Pilot Mound townships. He is a respected member of the Presbyterian church. Mr. and Mrs. MeConochie have been blessed with four children: Barbara is the wife of John McCallum; Flugh died on March 10, 1889; Katie married William Cocker; and Alexander married Mary Gunderson. Mrs. Jean (Ferguson) McConochie died May 27, 1912.

Alexander McConochie, son of Duncan and Jean (Ferguson) McConochie, was born in Arendahl township in 1876. He spent his boyhood days on the home farm and attended the district school. Mr. McConochie now carries on general farming and stock raising in Pilot Mound township and has for some years been prominently identified with the public offices of that township. He is now chairman of the town, having served on the board six years. For two terms he has been treasurer of the school board, and for several years served as pathmaster. In all the various offices which he has held, he has given satisfaction and won the esteem of his townspeople. Mr. McConochie married Mary Gunderson and they are parents of Kathryn and Hugh.

Thore Johnson and Ingeborg (Sagood) Johnson, his wife, came to the United States from Norway in 1865 and settled in Holt township. The following year they bought eighty acres in section 14, which they broke and improved, erecting a suitable dwelling and necessary outbuildings. As opportunity afforded they added to their holdings, eventually becoming owners of 210 acres in section 15. Here the father carried on general farming for the rest of his life, his death oceurrmg October 31, 1892; his widow resides with their son, Isaac. They were parents of seven children: Thore, of Holt township; Isabel, who married Erick Johnson, and died in 1909; Rachel, now Mrs. Anton Erickson, of Holt township; Anne, the wife of E. Edwardson; Ellen, now Mrs. J. A. Jenson, of Norway township; Lena, married to Ludvig Glenna; and Isaac, now operating the old home farm, married to Bertha Anderson.

Thore T. Johnson, county commissioner, was born in Holt township, December 28, 1865, son of Thore and Ingeborg (Sagood) Johnson. He was educated in the school in district 32 and made his home with his parents until nineteen years of age, after which he bought eighty acres in section 10, Holt township. There he erected a comfortable dwelling and good barns and made other improvements. As time has passed and his hard work and energy have resulted in prosperity, he has added to his broad acres and now is one of the most extensive land owners in Fillmore county. His property comprises about 1,100 acres, located in sections 11, 14, 24, 25, 26, and 36, and he lives on section 25, in a substantial home, which is evidence of his success im his life's chosen occupation. On February 16, 1884, Mr. Johnson married Randi Olson, daughter of Asle Olson, an early settler of Holt township. To Mr. and Mrs. Johnson nine children have been born: Eda, Anton, and Peter are dead; Rudolph married Lilly Skalet and works the home farm with his father; Oscar, Ludvig,

Adolph, Ruby, and Peter are at home. Aside from serving as county commissioner from the first district since January 1, 1905, Mr. Johnson has also occupied other prominent public positions reflecting credit to himself and giving general satisfaction to the people in the county. For six years he served as chairman of the board of supervisors of Holt township, and was for many years justice of the peace, school clerk and notary public. Politically, he is a staunch Republican. Aside from public offiecs which Mr. Johnson has oceupied, he is treasurer of the Highland Lutheran chureh as well as chairman of the board of trustees of that body and he has long been @ liberal contributor to its support.

William Edwin Lillie, a well known citizen of Jordan, was born in this township September 15, 1870, son of Palmer and Martha (Bushnell) Lillie. He attended the district school near his home and worked for his father during the years of his hoyhood, completing his education when eighteen years of age. Subsequently, he started in life for himself by purchasing eighty acres in section 22, where he made his home for eight years, later buying eighty acres on section twenty-five, where he now _ resides. Here, Mr. Lilie carries on general farming, stock raising, and dairying, keeping Shorthorn and Jersey cattle and disposing of cream to the Chatfield ereamery. He also raises Shropshire sheep and pure bred Jersey Red hogs. Aside from the farm in Jordan township, the subject of this sketch owns a good house and lot in Chatfield. In polities, he is affiliated with the Republican party, but has never sought office, though he has been elected to serve as pathmaster for four years. danuary 22, 1892, Sabina Dutcher, daughter of Hiram Dutcher, became the wife of Mr, Lillie and they are parents of Lela Maude and Lloyd Martin. The family faith is that of the Methodist Episcopal church.

Antone Larson, a highly respeeted farmer of York township, was born in Christiania, Norway, July 18, 1846. In 1872, he came to America, making the trip in a sail boat and being on the water for eight and a half weeks. After arriving in this country, Mr. Larson came west to Minnesota, locating first in Carimona township, where he secured employment on a farm for four years. Being an industrious and ambitious young man, the subject of this sketch decided to start for himself, and, accordingly, rented some land, and farmed for one year, after which he bought eighty acres in section 6, York township. Here he has since made his home and carried on general farming and dairying. He has made many improvements on his farm, erected buildings, broken the land and rendered it more valuable. He keeps about thirtyfive head of Shorthorn cattle and disposes of dairy products to the Spring Valley Creamery, of which organization he is a stockholder. Formerly, Mr. Larson kept from twenty-three to thirty hogs and eight or ten work horses, but he has disposed of most of these and at present lives practically a retired life, hiring his farm work done. He is a staunch Republican and has held various offices in the township, having been supervisor for eight years, also road overseer for a similar period, On October 28, 1871, he married Andrea Eriekson, who has proven a most estimable helpmeect. They are members of the Bloomfield Lutheran church.

Hiram Burke was born in New York on November 22, 1830, son of Hiram and Liza (Cleveland) Burke, who made their home in New York until 1831, when they moved to Ohio, where they passed the remainder of their lives. Hiram, Jr., acquired a common sehool education in Ohio and worked on the home farm until twenty-three years of age. In 1854, he eame west to Minnesota and settled in Chatfield village, which was then a town with but two houses. He took a claim in Olmsted county, but after spending a year on it, returned to Chatfield and for several years was employed in Haven's store. Mr. Burke eventually bought eighiy acres on section 34, Jordan township, where he resides at the present time. IJlere he made many necessary improvemenis and erected a substantial log house and carried on general farming for many years. In April, 1864, he was united in marriage with Mary Prouty, of Chatfield. To them four children have been born: Egberi, now living in Olmsted county; George Ul. (deceased); Lola, the wife of George Ratkiff, of Canyon City, Colo.; and W. S., now at home. Mr. Burke has long been a member of the Republican party.

Ole Hendrickson, a progressive farmer of York, was born in Norway, in 1850, son of Peter and Mary Hendrickson. He grew to manhood in his native country, there attended school and fitted himself for the useful life of a farmer. When he became twentythree years of age, he decided to seek his fortune in the United States, and subsequently crossed the Atlantic, landing at Quebec. From there, he proceeded west to Minnesota, Iocating in this county, where he secured employment with various farmers in Beaver township and worked out for eight years. At the end of this period, he rented some land and began to farm for himself, continuing to rent for ten years, after which he purchased 160- acres in York, where he is now carrying on agricultural pursuits. He engages in general diversified farming, stock raising, and dairying, and disposes of his dairy products to the Chester Creamery. Politically, Mr. Hendrickson is a Republican, but the many duties of his farm life have prevented his seeking public office. In 1890, he married Mary Torgleson and to them have been born nine children: Minnie is the wife of Halver Olson; John is a resident of Ostrander; James is at home; Henry is deceased ; Otto lives in Forestville; Julius, Annie, Lena, and Ole are at home. The family attends the Lutheran church at Bloomfield.

J.B. Palmer, the genial proprietor of the Commercial House in Ostrander, was born in Spafford, New York, April 22, 1837, son of Nathan and Submit (Smith) Palmer. He was educated in the common schools of Wisconsin and assisted his father with the farm work until he was twenty-two years of age. At this period, he rented land and started for himself. Two years later he came to Minnesota and purchased 100 acres in Carimona township, where he farmed for three years, later farming in other parts of the township. In 1873, Mr. Palmer went to Walla Walla, Wash., making the trip overland. There he was employed in a mill for a period of time, after which he returned to his farm in this county, where he conducted agricultural industries for five years. He then moved to Spring Valley, and a year later to Wykoff, where he assumed charge of the Wykoff House, which he successfully conducted for three years. Later, he again farmed in Carimona for two years, after which he sold to his son, moved north and spent a year. Retiring from active life, he moved to Carimona village and made his home with a daughter for a time, but not being content, he again went onto the farm and later to Ostrander, where he has since conducted the Commercial House. Mr. Palmer is a Democrat, but has not sought public office. On September 28, 1858, he married Caroline A. Bassett, of this county, and they are the parents of: Cassius Herbert, of Montana; Elva V., a farmer near Preston; Virginia, in Ostrander with the father; Fanny, now Mrs. Bernard Valer, of California. The wife and mother died in 1882.

Henry Smith, a respected farmer residing in Sumner township, was born in England on August 27, 1838, son of George Smith. His education was acquired in the common schools of his native country, where he grew to manhood. In 1862, Mr. Smith crossed the ocean to America and with him came his father. They settled first near St. Charles, where the subject of this sketch was employed by various farmers and also working at his trade of shoemaker. In 1870, Mr. Smith came to Sumner township and bought eighty acres of land, where he still resides, now owning 120 acres in section 23. Here, he has made many improvements having built the comfortable home and good barns and other outbuildings and carefully cultivated the soil, making his, one of the productive farms in the community. He raises Shorthorn cattle, hogs, and horses. During the year of 1870, he married Betsy Andreson, of Pilot Mound and to them have been born: George, of Jordan; Arthur, working the home farm ; Mary, the wife of Chris Hermanson, of Pilot Mound; Edith, now Mrs. Charles James. Mr. Smith is a Republican in political views, but has never sought public office.

Nathan Palmer, one of the pioneers of Fillmore county, was born in New York, where he spent his early life, attended school and was married. In 1845, he moved to Walworth county, Wiseonsin, where he remained a year, after which he moved to Columbia county in the same state. In 1854, Mr. Palmer came to Minnesota and settled in Carimona township in section 11, where he erected a log house, broke and developed the land and for many years engaged in general farming. In 1868, he moved to Missouri, where he later passed away. He married Submit Smith, of New York.

George H. Warner, native resident and representative farmer of Spring Valley, was born July 14, 1870, son of George and Ellen Warner. During his boyhood he attended the schools of Spring Valley, and when seventeen years of age, left school and devoted his time to working for his father on the home farm, later farming on his own responsibility. In 1891, Mr. Warner went south and was engaged in conservation work for many years, spending three years in Louisiana in the rice belt. After remaining fifteen years in the south, he returned to his old home in Minnesota and entered inte partnership with his brother, Z. W., in the dairy and ice cream business, continuing until May, 1911, when he disposed of his interest and has since given his attention to general farming. He owns eighty-three acres in section 31, where he has erected a new house and barn and made many improvements. Mr. Warner is a Republican of the progressive type, and he is a member of the M. W. A. On March 27, 1907, he married Lily Whiting, a daughter of George Whiting.

James Erving Norton, of Jordan township, is a native of the Empire state, having been born in Tompkins county on March 18, 1847, son of William and Catherine (Kimple) Norton, also natives of New York, where the former died. In 1856, James, came to Minnesota with his mother. They settled in Fillmore township, where the mother took a homestead on which they lived until the subject of this sketch was able to start in life for himself. He was educated in the schools of New York and later in Fillmore village. At the age of sixteen years, Mr. Norton went to Iowa, there being employed by a farmer, with whom he remained for three years, after which he returned to Minnesota. For several years after his return to Fillmore county, he rented land and worked at general farming. During 1900, he bought eighty acres in section 33, which he now rents, still making his home there. He is a stonemason hy trade and has followed this occupation at intervals for the past thirty-five years, working during the summer months. Te does bridge contracting and general stone work and plastering. It is worthy of note that he was one of the first stonemasons in Stewartville. Politically, Mr. Norton is a Republican, but he has never sought public office. On April 27, 1873, Sarah, daughter of Benjamin Southerland, a pioneer of Fillmore county, and also an inventor, became the wife of Mr. Norton. Their marriage has been blessed with Lily, Effie, Maude, Philip, Fred, Harry, Millard, Archie, Catheryn, Gladys, Dewey, and Otto.

Len Louden was born in York township, where he now resides, February 27, 1868, son of Orrin and Martha (Louden), natives of New York. He was educated in the common schools near his home and worked for his father on the farm. He now owns 120 acres of land and also rents eighty acres, and carries on general diversified farming and dairying. Ile keeps about twenty-five head of Durham cows for dairy purposes and disposes of their cream to the Chester Creamery, of which he is a stockholder. He raises also Chester White hogs. Politically, Mr. Louden affiliates with the Republican party, and has been clerk of school district 86 for three years. Ile is respected as an industrious, energetie citizen, who has always been willing to assist in all movements toward the betterment of his township. On October 3, 1889, he married Emma Link, and to them has been born a son, Oscar, who is now attending school.

Orrin Louden, one of the pioneers in this county, was a native of New York, where he spent the early years of his life, attended school, grew to manhood, and was married. After his marriage, he moved to JJlinois. In 1857, he came to Minnesota, pre-empted 160 acres in section 30, in York township, and there established his home. He broke the wild land, planted crops, erected buildings, and gradually made many improvements, enduring the many hardships incident to the life of the pioneers in this state. During the Civil war, Mr. Louden enlisted in Company I, Eleventh Minnesota Volunteer Infantry, and served for the preservation of the Union until the struggle was ended, after which he returned to his home in this county. To himself and wife, Martha (Fergerson) Louden, were born three children: Seth, of Chester, Iowa; Mary,.of Riceville; and Len, on the old farm. The wife and mother died in 1882, and for some time after her death, Mr. Louden lived with his son, Len. He now resides in Austin. He has always upheld the principles endorsed by the Republican party, but never sought public office.

J. O. Jameson, of Bloomfield township, was born in Norway, October 1, 1852, son of Ole and Anna Jameson, who brought him to the United States in 1853, settled in this county, pre-empted 120 aeres and carried on general farming for the rest of their lives, the father dying in 1895, and the mother in 1901. J. O. was educated in the schools of Bloomfield township, and alter he became fifteen years, left his studies and continued to work for his father on the farm until he became of age. Then for several years, Mr. Jameson rented land and followed general farming. In 18938, he moved to Ostrander, where he has operated a dray for several years, and then began drawing cream for the Ostrander Farmers' Co-operative Creamery, in which he: is a stockholder. He is a member of the Republican party, but has never been an office seeker. On March 9, 1873, Mr. Jameson married Martha Johnson and to them have been born: Alfred, who is a mail carrier, living in Ostrander; Emma, the wife of Roy Hughes, of North Dakota; Hjilmer, living at home; and seven children deceased. The family faith is that of the Lutheran church.

Samuel Sampson was born in York township November 27, 1864, son of Ole and Anna Sampson. When a boy he attended school in the old log school house and after completing his education, he remained on the home farm until twenty-six years old. In 1890, he went to Illinois, where he lived for several years, later returning to his old home in Minnesota. He now rents the home farm and resides near-by. On March 3, 1893, he married Martha Belle Halverson and they are the parents of three children: Clara, Charles, and Mabel. Mr. Sampson is a member of the Lutheran church and votes with the Democratic party.

Ole Sampson, formerly a prosperous farmer of York, now deceased, was born in Norway, March 4, 1826. In 1857, he came to this country and pre-empted 160 acres of timber and prairie land in seetion 22, York township. Mr. Sampson cultivated the land, erected buildings and established his home and here' reared his family. His wife Annie was born in Norway, October 12,

1826, and they became the parents of five children: Hattie, the wife of Mark McGuire, of Lime Springs; Jane, now Mrs. Nelson; Samuel, of York; Emma, deceased; and Annie, who married Andrew Olson. Mr. Sampson's long and useful life came to a close on March 18, 1899, and his widow survived him until February 5, 1909.

Nels Ellingsen, a progressive farmer of York township, was born in Dane county, Wisconsin, November 5, 1856, son of John and Anna Ellingsen. When he was two years of age, he came with his parents to this county and located on the land which he occupies at the present time. He spent the years of his boyhood attending school and working for his father on the home farm and has had charge of the old homestead since the father's death. He owns 160 acres of land and carries on general farming and dairying, disposing of his dairy products to the Chester Creamery, in which he is one of the stockholders. He keeps about twenty head of Shorthorn cattle and about the same number of Chester White hogs, also eight good work horses. Mr. Ellingsen's political opinions are those of an independent thinker, and while he has been elected to the office of constable for eight years and pathmaster for some time, he has never sought public office. He attends the Lutheran church and assists in the upkeep of that house of worship.

Thomas Goodwinson was born in Norway in June, 1864. When a small boy, he came to the United States with his parents and settled in Winneshick county, Iowa, remaining there for two years, after which the family moved to Minnesota and settled in Bloomfield township, this county. The father bought forty acres in section 28, and carried on farming until his death, which occurred in 1895. The mother still resides with Thomas, the subject of this sketch, who was educated in the common schools of the county and has since carried on agricultural industries. Mr. Goodwinson owns a well cultivated farm which comprises eighty acres. He keeps a larger portion of it under the plow, and improves his property each year, making it more productive and valuable. Mr. Goodwinson has two brothers, Austin, who lives at Chester and Goodwin, of Beaver. He votes independently and attends the Lutheran church. His industrious nabits and excellent qualities have won for him the respect of his fellowmen.

John Ellingsen, deceased, was born in Norway and there spent the early years of his life. In 1852, he left the land of his birth and came to America, locating in Dane county, Wisconsin, where he engaged in farming. His wife Anna came to this country in 1854 and they were married in 1856. To them were born four children: Nels, of York township; Eunice, now Mrs. Ole K. Olson; Ella, the wife of Louis E. Bestland, North Dakota; and Anna Johanna, now Mrs. George Restland. In 1858, the subject of this biography came to Minnesota and settled on section 22, York township, where he bought eighty acres from Norman Whitman and eighty acres from H. I. Wells. This land was largely in timber and serub oak, and Mr. Ellingsen at once set about clearing and breaking it, preparing it for the planting of crops. For many years, he carried on farming, gradually improved his property, and with his good wife endured many hardships. Ile passed away on May 38], 1905, and the wife and mother now resides with her son, Nels, on the old home farm at the extreme old age of ninety years.

Ole G. Vikse was born in Norway in July, 1864, grew up in the land of his birth and there received his schooling. In 1884, he sailed for Ameriea, and located in Fillmore eounty. For three years he worked out and then rented land three years. With his savings from these six years of hard labor, he bought 120 acres in sections 6 and 7, Beaver township. To this he has been able to add from time to time till he now has 280 acres on which he has erected large and substantial buildings. Much of this land he has grubbed and broken with his own hands and it is a matter of just pride with him that he has aceomplished so much by his own efforts. He now keeps near 100 sheep, about fifty hogs and fifty or more Shorthorn cattle. Some years ago Mr. Vikse had the misfortune to have his barn destroyed by fire. Fle turned disaster into success, however, by replacing it with a much larger structure and one which more adequately meets the growing needs of his farm. In polities, he is of independent mind but favors the prohibition movement. He has been school director in district 102 for three years. He is a member of the Lutheran chureh of Ostrander. On June 27, 1894, he married Emma Johnson, a resident of Harmony. This union has been blessed with six children: Arthur, Cora, Edmund, May, Gladys, and Esther, all of whom are at home.

young. He attended the country schools and was reared on a farm. When nineteen years of age, he went to North Dakota for the summer, and when twenty-one years of age, went there and bought a tree claim of 160 acres, on which he planted considerable timber. He sold the claim in 1885, and returned to Holt township. In 1886, he went to Houston county and rented a farm for a year. Then he went to Norway township, this county, and farmed three years. In 1890, he purchased seventy aeres in Holt township. This place he has inereased until he now owns 12914 acres in section 27, Holt township. Here he ¢carries on general farming. Mr, Jensen has been trustee of Highland United Norwegian Lutheran church, with which body he has associated for many years. Jle is a Republican in politics, has served on the school board of which he is now clerk, and has been pathmaster for many years. He was married February 14, 1885, to Annie Johnson, daughter of Henry and Johannah (Olson) Johnson, and of the twelve children born to this union, eight are living: Mary, Hilda, Ida, Stina, Myra, Aletta, Henry, and Clifford.

L. T. Tollefson, Lanesboro's popular mayor, was born in Newburg township, October 24, 1859, son of Tollef and Kjestena Tollefson, natives of Norway. He grew to manhood on his father's farm and attended the William Willford school in Canton, there completing his education. Thus equipped for life with a good education, Mr. Tollefson aceepted a position as clerk in the E. L. Tollefson store, in Mabel, where he remained for a number of years. Desiring to engage in business in a larger town where the ehances for increasing his trade were greater, he went to Canton and there opened a general merchandise store in partnership with his father. This firm carried on a flourishing business until 1892, during which year L. T. came to Lanesboro, and for six years operated a drug store, later disposing of that business to assume greater responsibilities as a graim and stock dealer, being now owner and manager of the Lanesboro elevator. Mr..Tollefson has long been a staunch adherent to the principles endorsed by the Republican party.. He was elected to the office of mayor in 1906, 1907, 1911, and 1912, and is now serving. Ie is also prominently identified with Lebanon Lodge, No. 102, A. F. & A. M., Root River Lodge, No. 26, I. 0. O. F., the M. W. A., and the B. A. Y. He was united in marriage February 26, 1894, to Effie Mason. She proved in every respect, a worthy helpmate, a loving wife and mother, and her death which occurred July 31, 1909, proved a great loss to Mr. Tollefson and the community. They were blessed with one son, Howard L., born December 4, 1904, a child of intellect and natural ability, now a scholar of the third grade,

John Rein, proprietor of the ''S'' Hill Stock Farm, was born in Norway township, this county, June 12, 1876, son of Michael and Margreta (Meldahl) Rein, who came to America in 1854, and settled in Norway township, took a homestead, broke and im.

proved the land, and became substantial residents. Michael Rein helped survey the township in the early days, and took an active part in many public affairs. He also served in the Civil war. He is now deceased and his widow resides in Norway township. John was reared on the home farm, and attended the common schools. When he was twenty years old his father died, and at that time he and his brother Andrew started working the farm on shares. Three years later, the subject of this sketch, went to North Dakota, and homesteaded 160 acres near Rugby, in Pierce county. There he remained for seven years, carrying on general farming. For six of these years he was assessor there. Later he returned to the old homestead in Fillmore county, He now owns 240 acres of good farm land, which he purchased in 1907, situated partly in section 35, Holt township, and partly in section 2, Amherst township. He carries on diversified farming and makes a specialty of stock breeding. Mr. Rein is serving his third term as township treasurer. He is also interested in school affairs, having served on an educational board four years in North Dakota. The subject of this sketch was married March 28, 1900, to Caroline Torgerson, born in Preble township, October 25, 1883. She died in 1908, leaving two children: Ethel Merthel and Norma Mildred. The family faith is that of the Norwegian Lutheran church. Mr. Rein ts president of the Luther League of his church at Highland.

G. G. Stevens, a founder of the city of Rushford, was one of the county's most useful citizens. A true Christian gentleman, he set a high standard of integrity and honor for himself, but was ever gentleness itself with the erring and mistaken; and so great was his desire that others might have the Christian joys that he himself knew, he assisted actively in establishing the first church and Sunday school in the place. A deep student, he owed his broad culture and wide fund of information to keen observation and close reading, rather than to years spent in the halls of learning; and that all within the reach of his influence might have the same advantages, he, with his good wife maintained a library for many years, finally donating books and building to the city. A man of keen insight and business shrewdness, he had faith in the future of the city of Rushford, and as an evidence of this faith he assisted in its platting. A banker of broad views, he was interested in a financial concern for many years, building up a large business, and sharing his prosperity with the people of the community. All in all, he was a noteworthy character, a noble soul, and a true heart. His worth will be blazoned widely, whenever the story of the county-is told; and the extent of his influence and good can never be adequately measured. G. G. Stevens was born at Oswego, New York, December 31, 1818. He came West at an early date, and lived in Michigan City, Indiana, for a time. In the spring of 1856 he left St, Charles, Illinois, and in a short time reached Rushford, where he found that Hiram Walker, 8. 8S. Stebbins and Solomon West had laid out the first lots. He bought Mr. West's quarter section lying south of Rushford avenue, and engaged in farming. In July of that year he brought his wife and little daughter, Mae, to live with him in the hamlet. The hamlet was platted in the fall of 1856, by George G. and Julia E. Stevens, Hiram and Celestia Walker and Sylvester S. and Martha D. Stebbins. The plat was surveyed by Isaac Thompson, acknowledged by Peter Peterson, and recorded by S. B. Murrell. The Stevens property, as before stated, lay south of Rushford avenue. The Walker and Stebbins property lay north of that avenue, divided by Mill street, which was then the principal business street. In the summer of 1859 G. G. Stevens and S. 8S. Stebbins built a store, which they conducted in partnership until 1861, when Mr. Stevens sold out to Mr. Stebbins and enlisted in the Civil War, serving as quartermaster. Abont this time he moved with his wife and three children, Mae, Harry P. and Jessie &. to Winona. In the spring of 1864 Mr. Stevens returned to Rushford to prepare for an overland trip to California. He engaged M. J. Desmond to build him a strong wagon, and fit it up suitably for a long journey. Then in company with Dr. Thomas Everts and Henry Weed he started for the West. He returned in the summer of 1866. At that time all the land south of the present publie library was a cornfield. The long assured railroad was now approaching the hamlet, and matters began to boom. Mr. Stevens therefore platted an addition, erected some buildings, and succeeded in having the business center shifted to his property. In January, 1867, the railroad came through, and the following year the city was incorporated. In 1872, Mr. Stevens purchased Mr. Easton's interest in the bank of Niles Carpenter and J. C. Easton, founded in 1867, and Mr. Stevens and Mr. Carpenter carried on the business until November, 1901, enjoying the distinction of having one of the most substantial banking houses in southern Minnesota. For the last two years of his life his health began to fail, and during his last winter on earth he was confined to his bed most of the time. He died March 16, 1903. The Rev. Sydney Smith conducted his funeral services at the Emmanuel Episcopal Church, and the remains were taken to Winona for interment in Woodlawn cemetery. As a memorial, the one who loved him best, erected the beautiful Emmanuel Parish house. Mrs. Harriet R. Colfax Stevens, his wife, was an able and sympathetic helpmate in all his undertakings, and

Steve

Mr. Stevens continually paid loyal tribute to her helpful and loving influence. Her good works will never be known in full extent, for she is one of those who follow the Scriptural injunction to do good deeds in seeret. Probably no other woman in the city has done so much in her time for Sunday school and church work as she. [ler whole life has been devoted to this cause, and the memory of her kind deeds will live forever. Scattered over this wide country are to be found hundreds of people who have reason to bless Mrs. Stevens for her work, for at some time or another she has brought good influences into their lives. Mr. Stevens was mayor of Rushford several terms, wus a member of the board of education and served in the legislature. He was a member of Rushford Post, No. 97, G. A. R., and of Mystic Star Lodge, No. 69, A. F. & A. M. Mr. Stevens was married December 26, 1850, to Julia E. Everts, born in Salem, Indiana, October 13, 1830. She died in Winona, Minn., March 16, 1863. To this union were born three children: Mae, Harry P. and Jessie E. Mae was born in St. Charles, Ill., January 25, 1853, and was married at Rushford, Minn., September 5, 1877, to F. G. Parker. They are the parents of seven children: George S., born November 23, 1878; Max E., born July 12, 1882; Eugene, born July 15, 1884; Francis Marion, born September 23, 1886; Jessie, born February 6, 1889; Marry B., born April 11, 1891, and Robert K., born April 18, 1895. Farry P. was born at Rushford, October 21, 1859, and died April 10, 1863. Jessie E. was born September 25, 1861, at Rushford. She was married March 6, 1887, at Prescott, Ariz., to Charles H. Crouse. They have one son, Charles, born May 28, 1888. The subject of this sketch was married the second time, June 4, 1867, at Michigan City, Ind, to Harriet R. Colfax, born at Ashtabula, Ohio, July 4, 1830.

George E. Kirkpatrick, postmaster, Journalist and man of affairs, was born at Fort Howard, Wis., May 16, 1856, son of George P. and Emeline (Johnson) Kirkpatrick, natives of Delaware. As an infant he was brought to Fillmore county, and his boyhood was spent in the country schools, his education being completed in the Rushford graded school. Then he learned the newspaper business with the ''Rushford Star,'' and followed this line of work here and elsewhere for several years. In 1884 he went to Pepin, Wis., and established the ''Pepin Star.'' A year later he sold out, and returned te Rushford, purchasing the "*Rushford Star,'' which he edited until the fall of 1901, when he sold out on account of other business interests and poor health. Mr. Kirkpatriek has seen considerable public life. He served two years as postmaster of Rushford under Benjamin Harrison's administration, and was again appointed under the first MeKinley administration, serving continuously until the present time. In 1888 and 1889 he was clerk of the lumber committee in the upper house of the Minnesota State Legislature. In 1890 he was appointed to serve as clerk of the congressional house committce on the eleventh census, by Mark H. Dunnell, whom Mr. Kirkpatrick had saved from defeat a few years before by discovering an error in the printing of his name on the ticket. In 1898, in addition to his duties as editor and postmaster, he conceived and executed a plan whereby he cut down the exorbitant telephone charges then prevailing in the county. Associating with himself G. W. Rockwell and E. B. Rowlee under the corporate name of the Phoenix Telephone Company, he installed the first complete telephone system in Fillmore county, connecting' every country store and village with exchanges at Lanesboro and Rushford, making terminals at Winona, Minn., and La Crosse, Wis., and establishing a ten-cent rate for service within the county, as against thirty-five cents charged by the Bell Company, which had previously monopolized the lusiness. He has also been a member of the city council, the board of health, and the board of edueation, a trnstee of the Methodist Episcopal church, and secretary of the library board, a position he still holds. Having the welfare of the city at heart, he has affiliated himself with the Commercial Club. He was for several years secretary of Mystic Star Lodge, No. 69, A. F. & A. M., and for some time worthy patron of Mystic Star Chapter, No. 93, O. E. S. Ile was first clerk of Rushford Lodge, No. 35, M. W. A., when it was organized in 1886. He was one of the organizers of the First National Bank of Rushford, and was one of its directors for many years, still serving in that capacity. Mr. Kirkpatrick was united in the bonds of matrimony September 27, 1882, to Frances J. Rivers, born at Hamilton, Ontario, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. P. B. Rivers. The Kirkpatrick home has been blessed with two children: Clara Lillian, who died in infaney, and Lola E., who resides at home.

George W. Willford, one of the representative, progressivé and business farmers of the younger generation, was born on the farm where he now resides in Canton township, April 11, 1876, son of Mr. and Mrs. William Willford, the pioneers. His primary education was received in the district sehools and the public school of Canton village. At seventeen years of age, he, like his father, became a boy schoolmaster, teaching in the district schools for a period of three years, after which he entered the Breckenridge Institnte at Decorah, Iowa, and there took both the business and normal courses. He then returned to the home farm in Canton township and since that time has given his attention to practical and scientific farming. He also engages in stock raising, his cattle being the Polled Durham, which are eligible to record. Mr. Willford is alert to any and all enterprises that tend toward the advancement of agriculture. He is a stockholder in the Prosper Co-operative Creamery, is also a director and stockholder in the State Line Bank at Prosper. In the spring of 1912 he purchased 90 acres in sections 23 and 26, Canton. He is master of Canton Lodge, No. 194, A. F. & A. M., also a member of the M. W. A. Both Mr. and Mrs. Willford are esteemed members of the B. A. Y., also of Canton Chapter, No. 85, 0. E. S. Mr. Willford was united in marriage February 15, 1899, to Edith Beach, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. J. O. Beach. She was born October 24, 1878. To Mr. and Mrs. Willford two children have been born: E. Vera, born November 17, 1899, and Ward Eugene, born March 26, 1907.

George P, Kirkpatrick, a ship carpenter by trade, left Delaware in 1855 with his wife and two children, located at Fort Howard, Wis., and there worked at his trade. In the fall of 1856 he brought his family to Fillmore county, located on a farm in Carimona township and there made his home until 1866, when he moved to Houston county. When his declining strength eaused him to give up farming, he moved to the city of Rushford, where he died January 1, 1903. His wife died in June, 1906. They were the parents of six children: Maria E., now Mrs. George A. Kogle, of Los Angeles, Cal.; Harry, of Fort Dodge, Iowa; George E., postmaster at Rushford; John T., who died in 1899; Millard F., who died in Nevada in 1905, and Mary, now living in Japan.

John Vitse was born in Norway, February 28, 1861, son of Justin and Maria Vitse, who brought their family to America in 1868, and settled in Newburg township, this county, where the father died in 1871. Then the family came to Preble township and bought eighty acres in section 14. John received his education in the common schools and stil] lives on the home farm, which he owns and rents out.