Fillmore County, Minnesota - The whole text, 1912 (part 16 of 20)

He was married in June, 1878, to Mary Thompson, and to them were born three ehildren. Helga is now deceased. Adolph lives in Rushford. Gusta married Halver Flaten, of Norway township. In 1894 Mary (Thompson) Benson died. In 1897 Mr. Benson married Segne Norskog, a native of Norway, and to them has been born one ehild, Gudran, who is in school.

Christenher Berson (Endru) was horn in Iowa, September 12, 1854, son of Benjamin and Helga Benson (Endru). He came, at an early age, with his parents, to this county and attended the common schools with more or less regularity until twenty-one years of age. He then continued to assist on the home farm until he was twenty-four years of age, after which he rented land for 12 years. In 1887 he bought 80 acres on section twenty-eight, Rushford, where he followed general farming with such suecess that he was able to add to his possessions until he now owns 160 aeres in sections twenty-eight and thirty-three, 75 acres being under cultivation. He keeps a herd of from fifteen to twenty Durham cattle and sells eream to the Peterson creamery, where he is a stockholder. He also keeps four horses for farm and driving purposes. His home, located as it is on the brow of a knoll has a very pleasing setting, and this is enhanced by the neatness and care displayed in the keeping of the grounds and buildings. On July 10, 1879, Mr. Benson (Endru) married Rangnold Oian, and to them have been born eight children. Bent Ole is now a merchant in Peterson. Julia is deceased. Matilda Carina, Carl Roal, Thomas Elmer, Helma Otelia and Herman George are all at home. Oscar John, the fourth in order of birth, is in Montana. The family attends services at the Rushford Lutheran church. Mr. Benson (Endru) is a Republican, but has never cared for public offices.

Gunder Benson (Endru) was born in Houston county, Minnesota, February 22, 1857, son of Benjamin and Helga Benson (Endru). In 1856 he came to Fillmore county with his parents and here received his schooling in the common schools. Until he was twenty-two years of age he worked at home. When he first left home on his own responsibility he rented land for twelve years. In the meantime he saved enough money to buy 80 aeres in section thirty-three and has since increased this to 160 acres, all in the same section.

His well kept farm and general appearance of his home indicate not only prosperity, but prosperity that is deserved by dint of hard work and careful management. He is a Republican in polities, but has been too busy with his own business to enter the field of active politics and seek public offices. He is a strong worker for progress, especially along the line of betterment of conditions of farmers. He is a stockholder in the Peterson ereamery and in the Farmer's Telephone Company. He is a member of the Lutheran church in Rushford. Mr. Benson has been twice married. On June 10, 1879, he married Margaret Oian, and to this union was born one child, Martin, now a farmer and Jand owner in Winona county. On May 18, 1884, Margaret (Oian) Benson died. On July 18, 1887, Mr. Benson married Bergite Oian, a sister of his first wife. To them have been born eight children. Minda Josephine is now Mrs. Osear Holtegaard, of this county. Ole Benjamin, Helmer Theodore, George Edwin, Clara Galina, Hjelmer Bernhard and Ludwig Ingwald are all, at home. One child, Helmer Johan, died in infaney.

Hans Hendrickson, deceased, was born in Norway November 7, 1850, and when three years of age was brought to the United States by his parents, who first settled in Houston county, Minnesota, for about two years, and later came to Rushford township. When about seventeen Hans stopped going to school and worked at home assisting his father, Anders Hendrickson. At the age of twenty-eight he started in life for himself and was very suceessful in his farming operations from the first. In 1899 he improved his land in section thirty-three, Rushford, by erecting one of the finest farm dwelling houses in the county, and this, together with the large barns, spacious buildiugs and full equipment, goes to make up an excellent place. In political ideas Mr. Hendrickson was a republicau and held many responsible offices in the locality. Mr. Hendriekson died January 24, 1907, leaving to his family a good farm of 280 acres. By his wife, Maggic Anderson, whom he married in 1878, he had three children. Otto is now a farmer and lives in Wyoming. Cora is at home. Adolph, who is at present in charge of the home place, was born on the farm where he has since lived Mareh 12, 1881. He was educated in the common schools and later in the Rushford graded and high schools, from which he graduated in 1903. He then assisted at home, and since his father's death has had charge of the family estate, which he is managing in a manner advantageous to all concerned. Tis mother and sister live with him.

D. T. Lunderberg, successful and prosperous farmer residing in Norway township, first saw the light of day in the southern part of Norway December 10, 1833, went to school in his native land, and there spent the early years of his life. When twentyeight years of age he crossed the ocean to America, arriving in the United States on June 22, 1861, after which he proceeded west to Minnesota and settled in Norway township, where for five years he was employed by different farmers. In 1866 he bought 80 acres of land and homesteaded 40 more, now owning 120, all of which he has improved and cultivated. Upon his arrival in this section he built a log house, in which he and his family lived until 1874, then moving into the frame home which he had completed. To this dwelling he has made additions from time to time, and it now is both eommodious and comfortable. Mr. Lunderberg's cattle ave of the Herford breed and his horse is Hamiltonian. He has a fine apple orchard which he set out in 1885 and which bears mostly Wealthy apples. He has for many years been identified with the Republican and Prohibition parties and has served as town supervisor for two years, also a member of the school board for one year. Te and his family attend the Lutheran church and are esteemed members of that body. Mr. Lunderberg lives a practically retired life, renting his farm to his adopted son, Theodore. It is worthy of note that Mr. Lunderberg at ten years of age, in 1843, with his father started for Ameriea, but only got as far as France when, on account of lack of funds, they were obliged to return to Norway, where he remained until 1861. In May, 1860, he wag united in marriage to Bergit Thorson, and to them was born one daughter, Ellen Maria, who resides at home. The wife and mother died November 4, 1864, and in February, 1868, Mr. Lunderberg married Ellen Mary Larson, who died December 31, 1905. Theodore, who conducts the home farm, married Otilia Amundson November 26, 1908.

Svennom A. Byholt, the genial merchant of Bratsburg, was born near the present site of his prosperous business house, August 20, 1861, son of Anders §. and Gunild (Dalalie) Byholt, natives of Norway, who came to the United States in 1852, located first in Wisconsin, where they lived one year, then moved to Decorah, Iowa, where they stayed the next year, and in 1854 eame to Fillmore county and took a claim in Norway township, on which they erected a log house, later replacing it by a substantial frame dwelling, and laboring long and diligently to make their home attractive and their farm one of the best, the father dying in May, 1901, and the mother on September 9, 1908. Svennom A. Byholt received his schooling in the common schools and worked on the home farm. He had a liking for commercial life and in 1898 came to Bratsburg as clerk for the Norway Mereantile Company. He did well in that position and soon acquired a good knowledge of the concern. In 1905 he bought the store from the company and has sinee been sole proprietor of that prosperous and growing business. He handles a ecoin- plete line of general merchandise, such as is needed by his patrons, keeps on hand a stock of goods valued at from $6,000 to $7,000, and has made his store a model of order and neatness, owning not only the business and the stock, but likewise the buildings on the premises. He has now sold his farm and devotes ail his time to the mercantile business. Mr. Byholt is a member of the Lutheran church of Highland Prairie. In political affairs of the locality he has long been a leader in the Republican organization. Ife has heen town chairman five years, assessor two years, town elerk three years and elerk of schoo] district No. 14 for eleven years. He for the past eight years has been treasurer of the creamery at Bratsburg. He was married in 1905 to Inger Ness and to them have been horn three children, Gilma, Andrew and Walter.

James Tenborg was born in Albany, N. Y., November 11, 1856, son of Martin and Mary (Stage) Tenborg, with whom he eame to Minnesota two years later. Jlis father was a miller by trade and worked at this profession for many years after coming to this state, and he later entered the mercantile business, which he carried on for three years at Rushford, after which he went to Sonth Dakota, where he spent the remainder of his life. The mother died in 1905. James, subject of this biography, was edueated in the common schools of this county and after leaving school worked his father's farm in section two, Rushford township, where he now carries on farming operations. In 1877 he erected the fine brick dwelling which is still the family home, and he also made many other improvements. He owns 320 aeres, all in section two, and of this farm, about 200 acres are under the plow. He raises Durham eattle for dairy purposes and sells cream to Rushford creamery, being a stockholder in that. organization. He is an independent Democrat in political views and has served as director of school board in district 18 for eight years. Annie Schroeder, a native of Germany, became his wife in 1894, and they are parents of Martin Christina, John, Naomi, Fred, Garrett, Genevieve and Clifford. The members of the family belong to the Presbyterian ehureh.

James C. St. John, who for twenty-five years has served in the capacity of school elerk in district 18, and has been trustee of Rushford village for four years, is a native of the Empire state, born in Chenango county, New York, Oetober 7, 1851, son of Orson Edward and Abby (Park) St. John, the latter of whom died in New York in 1858. and the former of whom came to Minnesota in 1858, lived for six years in Winona county, and then came to Rushford township, where he spent the rest of his life, his death occurring in June, 1904. James C., subject of this sketch, was given a common school education in New York, living for many years with an uncle. For five years after completing his schooling he worked out for different farmers in the vicinity. During the year of 1871, deciding to seek his fortune in the West, he accordingly came to Minnesota and seitled on section nine, Rushford township, where he bought eighty acres, which he worked four years. Later, moving to section three, he carried on general farming there for seven years and then came to his present location on section two. He now owns 148 acres, of which fifty are under cultivation. He engages in general farming, stock raising and dairying, keeping twenty head of Shorthorn cows for dairy purposes and disposing of cream to the Rushford creamery, of which he has been president four years. He keeps from twenty to thirty Duroe-Jersey hogs and about six good farm horses. Politically, Mr. St. John is an independent Republiean, voting for principle rather than party. On Deeember 29, 1867, he married Mary E. Pitkin of Broome county, New York, and to this marriage have been born. - Edward N., died in infancy. Clayton Edward is also dead. Alma Orilla is now wife of George Brunner and they have one child, Lawrenee Myron. Edith May is the wife of William Brunner and they have two children, Gladys Mary and Russell St. John. Nellie May is dead. James Fayette is now a resident of Wyoming. Mrs. St. John entered into rest on January 16, 1905. The members of the family belong to the Presbyterian church.

S. T. Swenson was born in Stavanger, Norway, November 6, 1855, son of Tobias and Annie Swenson. In 1872 he came to the United States via Quebee and located in Ilinois one year. In 1873 he came to this county and worked on a farm for his father until 1880, and then rented land a few years. In 1887 he purchased land in section eight, Rushford, and has added to this from time to time till he now has 200 acres, a large part of which is under cultivation, and on which he follows general farming, with considerable attention to stockraising. He prefers the Hereford cattle, of which he has from twenty-five to thirty head. He also keeps about 20 head of sheep, raises from 25 to 50 Poland China hogs annually and keeps a sufficient number of horses for farm and driving, usually from five to ten head. Mr. Swenson is a member of the Lutheran ehurch. In politics he is a Republican, and though active in public movements, he has never sought publie office. He has, however, served two years as supervisor and has been many years on the local school board. On February 23, 1880, he married Mary Torgrimson, of Rushford, and to this union have been barn six children. Alfred and Thomas are in Canada, where their father owns a quarter section of land which he bought some years ago. Alfred married Mary Rud and now lives in Canada. Mollie, Martha, Samucl and Barney are al] at home.

Charles Drake was born April 28, 1838, at Eythome, Kent county, England, and in the fall of 1855 crossed the Atlantic to seek his fortune in this country. He located near Fairwater, Wis., and first turned his attention to agricultural pursuits, but shortly after determined to learn a trade, and became an apprentice in a harness shop at Ripon, Wis. Endowed with energy and push he rapidly mastered the details of the business and accepted a position with a prominent harness manufacturer at Waupon, where he remained two years and then returned to Fairwater, where he opened a shop of his own. In the early sixties he came to this state and, in company with a partner, engaged in the harness business at Rochester. Having heard a favorable report of Rushford he drove down here in April of 1866 with a view of locating. Though the railroad had not yet reached here and goods had to be hauled by team from Winona and La Crosse he was favorably impressed and decided to establish himself here. By careful attention to business he succeeded in building up one of the largest harness manufacturing establishments in this section. For a time he operated a branch house at Lanesboro, but finally concentrated his efforts on the home enterprise. After moving into his handsome new brick block in 1896 he associated with him his eldest son, W. F., and continued the business under the firm name of C. Drake & Son. Thus he rounded out thirty-seven years of active business life in this city, sharing all the duties and responsibilities of a good citizen. June 24, 1866, he was married to Jane Hargrave at Ripon, Wis. Six ehildren were born to them, four sons and two daughters of whom three sons survive: W. Frank and Ralph Drake, of Rushford, and Dr. F. A. Drake, of Lanesboro.

Mr. Drake was raised to the degree of a master mason by Mystie Star Lodge, No. 69, June 1, 1871, and remained an esteemed and honored brother up to the time of his death, May 7, 1903, having filled in turn every office in the lodge from tyler to senior warden. Though dead his memory will be cherished in loving remembrance by all who knew him.

F. A. Drake, M. D., a successful physician and surgeon of Lanesboro, was born in Rushford in July, 1870, son of Charles and Jane (Hargrave) Drake. After due preparation he entered the University of Mimnesota and graduated from the medical course in 1896. Then he spent a year as a hospital interne at

St. Paul, sinee which time he has been located in Lanesborg, where he has built up a large practice. He has affiliated himself with the usual medical associations, and belongs to the Masons, the Odd Fellows and the Modern Woodmen. He married Nellie Rafferty and they have two children: Donald O. and Charles O.

Peter 0. Vogen, of Rushford, was born in Norway on December 13, 1854, and when ten years of age eame to America with his father, who was a sailor. For the first ten years of their residence in Minnesota they lived in Preble township, later moving to Rushford on section six, where the father died in 1897, the mother having passed away in 1887. Peter O., attended school both in his native land and in this country, and until eighteen years of age remained on the home farm working with his father. In 1872 he started for himself and was employed by different farmers in the community, after which he rented some land whieh he operated for three years. In 1886 he bought 80 acres in section six, Rushford, now owning 120 acres, 40 of which are in Arendahl township. Mr. Vogen follows general farming, raises Shorthorn cattle and Poland China hogs and owns seven blooded Percheron horses. Thongh independent in politieal views, he has been prominently identified with publie offices. having served as trustee of Rushford for three years, chairman of the school board in distriet 160 for six years and path master for nine years, reflecting eredit to himself in these various offices. Mr. Vogen has also been trustee of the Lutheran chureh, of which he has long been an active member. Ile is a member of the board of directors of the Peterson Elevator and Creamery and has various other business interests in both town and county. In May, 1879, Mr. Vogen married Anna Waxland, daughter of Gunder Waxland, now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Vogen are parents of Karen Marie, now Mrs. John P. Nelson, of Wilmar, Minn.; Gustave Andrew, of Freemont; Ole Emil, of Goodhue county; Selma Karina, at home; Ingman Cornelius, a student in Rushford; Carl Bertineus, attending school in Austin; Osear Engene and Peter Alvin, at home.

John L. Ostrem was born in Minnesota January 14, 1861, son of Lars Osirem. He obtained a common sehool edueation and worked for various farmers until his marriage. Then he went to North Dakota and farmed there about sixteen years. In 1902 he came back to Minnesota, and in 1905 bought a farm of 240 acres in section twenty, Arendahl, where he carried on general farming. He was honored by his fellow eitizens and served for some time as road overseer. Mr. Ostrem died November 20, 1900, and his widow and ehildren are now conducting the farm.

The subject of this sketch was married in 1886 to Annie Ulvestad, daughter of M. O. Ulivestad, and they have six children: Martin, Lewis, Oscar, Henry, Adolph and Julia M.

Lewis C, Opperud, blacksmith, was born in Amherst township, April 7, 1877, son of Martin and Annie Opperud, natives of Norway, who came to this country in 1875 and settled in Amherst township. There the father worked as a earpenter for three years. Then he opened a blacksmith shop in Amherst township, which he continued until 1903, when he moved to Highland village, and purchased a blacksmith shop there in partnership with his son, Lewis C. The subject of this sketch was educated in the common schools, and remained at home until his marriage, on May 8, 1902, to Annie Ellingson. This union has been blessed with three children: Alma, Ella and Raymond.

C, C, Madson, progressive and energetic eitizen of Lanesboro village, was born in Denmark January 29, 1877, son of Peter Madson. He came to America in 1894 and worked a year as a buttermaker at Alden, Freeborn county, this state. Then he was similarly employed six years in Flandreau, 8. D., being a part owner of the concern for two years. The plant being destroyed by fire he moved to Egen, S. D., and there followed his trade about three years. During his period of employment there Mr. Madson met with a serious accident while trying to adjust a belt, and this incapacitated him from work for a year and four months. Later coming to Fillmore county he settled at Pilot Mound, where he bought a cheese factory, which he eonverted into a ereamery, where he engaged in business for some time. In 1908 he moved to Laneshoro and since that time has operated a first-class creamery and ice cream plant. Of an ingenius mind, Mr. Madson has recently patented a convenient ice can for conveying cream to market, and he is ever on the alert for improvements in his business, which is steadily increasing. Fraternally Mr. Madson is affiliated with the Masonic lodge and the M. B. A. Tle married Ida Engelke, and to them have been born two children: Imeella and Carlyle.

Arthur J, Johnson, a farmer residing in Pilot Mound township, first saw the light of day in Chicago in 1883, son of Peter and Augusta Johnson, natives of Norway. He was given a common school] education, and when twenty-seven years of age came to Minnesota and rented a farm in Pilot Mound from Mrs. O. Svensrud. Here he has since carried on general farming operations and engaged in raising graded Shorthorn cattle, Chester White 'hogs, graded sheep, turkeys and other fowls. Mr. Johnson is an energetic and hard working man and his business principles and many good qualities have won for him a high place in the regard of his fellow citizens. On December 14, 1910, he married Lizzie Larson Svensrud, daughter of Ole Larson and Bertha (Johansdotter) Svensrud.

Anton Jacobson, a progressive farmer of Pilot Mound, was born in Chatfield township in 1870, son of Ole and Mattie (Daniclson) Jacobson, natives of Norway, the former of whom, a shoemaker by trade, came to America in 1844 and settled in Pilot Mound, where he rented a farm, two years later going to Chatfield, and there purchasing wild land which had to be grubbed and broken. Anton, the subject of this biography, acquired a common school education and worked on the home farm with his father until the latter's death, after which he purchased the old homestead, and continued farming industries there until 1900. After several changes he bought his present farm of 155 acres on section 7, Pilot Mound, where he carries on general diversified farming and raises Shorthorn cattle for dairy purposes. In 1909 he had the misfortune to lose nearly all his live stock. In political views Mr. Jacobson is a Republican and he has served in minor offices in his township. He married Hanna Thrulson Oetober 21, 1895, daughter of Ole and Annie (Iverson) Thrulson, and to this union nine children have been born. The living are: Alice Odeana, Melvin Olivia, Henry Elmer, John Edward, Clarence Ingwald, Nora Aleda and Lewis Marvin. The family attends the United Lutheran church, and is respected throughout the community.

Grant E, Bainter, progressive citizen and successful farmer of Pilot Mound, was born in Missouri in 1869, son of James and Elizabeth (Stoltz) Bainter, natives of Germany, who came to America, located in Indiana, later moved to Missouri, and eventually went to Nebraska, where the father homesteaded a ranch and operated a general store. Grant E. came to Chatfield in 1889, worked as a buttermaker until 1905, and then rented a farm for three years, after which he bought his present place of 143 acres in sections 28 and 33, where he carries on a general farming and raises Polled Angus cattle, Poland China hogs and Norman-Percheron draft horses. He has made many improvements on his farm, is at present erecting a fine new residence, the lumber for which he has sawed by himself from trees on his farm. His place is considered one of the most fertile and highly productive in the vicinity. Mr. Bainter is a Republican in his political opinions, though never an office seeker. He was married October 22, 1901, to Elizabeth, daughter of Martin and Mary Ahern, and they have

Olaves N. Thorson, representative citizen of Pilot Mound, was born in that township in 1866, son of Nels and Ingebor (Raisa) Thorson, natives of Norway, who came to America in 1858 and were married a year later. Olaves N. was educated in the common schools of Pilot Mound, and spent his youth working for his father. In 1889 he hegan operating the home farm on shares and continued this arrangement until 1906, then purchasing 180 acres in sections 31 and 32, where he carries on general farming and raises Shorthorn cattle, Shropshire sheep, Norman-Percheron draft horses and many hogs. Politically, he is affiliated with the Republican party, and has held the office of road overseer for three terms. He was married December 19, 1894, to Mary Johnson, daughter of John and Anne (Lien) Johnson, and they have two children: Eva A. and Nelva J. Mr. Thorson's mother, now aged 86 years, resides with him. The family faith is that of the United Lutheran church.

Carl C: Egge, deceased, was born in Lehr, Norway, in 1835, son of Cornelius and Christina (Thorstad) Egge, the former of whom died in his home country and the latter of whom came to America in 1871. Carl C. was educated in the common schools of Norway and in 1862 crossed the Atlantic to America. Upon his arrival in this country he proceeded west to Wisconsin, where he soon enlisted to fight for the preservation of the Union. At the close of the war, he returned to Wisconsin and engaged in general farming. In 1866 he decided to seek his fortune in Minnesota and came to Pilot Mound, this county, where he bought a farm and earried on agricultural industries. <As time passed and his hard work and good management resulted in prosperity, he added to his original holdings, and eventually became the owner of 255 acres, which was divided among his widow and children after his death, January 14, 1902, the widow receiving the old homestead and 80 acres. Mr. Egge served in several public offices during his life, being town pathmaster and treasurer and director of the school board. He was married October 19, 1866, to Gunild Bergsrud, daughter of Gulbrand and Carrie (Stoverson) Bergsrud. This union was blesed with Christian G., William C. and Caroline C. Christian G. married Hilda Christopherson, who died July 20, 1907, leaving two sons, Carl Henry and George Arnold. He has purchased the interests of the other heirs, and owns about 280 aeres in sections 20 and 21 which he operates in addition to the homstead owned by his mother, with whom he makes his home. William C. married Dea Strom and they are the parents of twins: Genevieve and Mildred. Caroline C. married Edward Erickson Odegaarden, and they have four children.

Edward Erickson Odegaarden was born in Fillmore county in 1868, son of Ole E. Odegaarden. When a boy the subject of this biography went to the country school winters and worked on the home farm during the summer months. In 1899 he moved to Fountain and there was employed by various carpenters, also working as a thresher during the autumn months. In 1903 he bought a farm in partnership with William Egge. Later he bought Mr. Egge's interest, and now owns the 160 acres in section 16, where he carries on general farming and stock raising. He owns a pure bred Black Polled sire, graded cattle and several horses. As a member of the Republican party Mr. Odegaarden has served as treasurer of the school board, and also as pathmaster for two terms. He is a member of the United Lutheran church and contributes toward the support of that body. Caroline C. Egge, daughter of Carl C. and Gunild (Bergsrud) Egge became his wife on May 17, 1897. They are parents of four ehildren, Gunild Leonora, born July 7, 1899; Carl Olaus, born August 31, 1901; Evelyn Cecelia, born August 4, 1903, and Oneta Amanda, born October 31, 1906. One child died in infaney. The new house which now stands on Mr. Odegaarden's place was erected from lumber grown on the farm.

John E. Rain is a native of Pilot Mound township, born in 1872, son of Ingebret Ingebretson and Anna (Hall) Rain, who came to this country from Norway in the early fifties and homesteaded a farm in Pilot Mound, where they underwent many hardships and privations, carrying water up the steep bluffs twice a day and grubbing and breaking the wild land, here spending the remainder of their lives, the father dying in 1881 and the mother in 1907. John E. spent the years of his boyhood as does the average farm boy, attended school winters and worked on the home farm during the spring and summer mouths. In 1883 he went to North Dakota with his brother, Edward. In 1885 he went to St. Paul and worked with a veterinary surgeon for several years. In 1887 he returned to Pilot Mound and assumed charge of the home farm for his mother, operating this property on shares. Later he bought oat the shares of the other heirs and now owns 240 acres in sections 27, 32 and 33. He earries on diversified farming, owns a registered Durham sire named Prinee, raises pure bred cattle, Poland China and Red hogs, keeps about 100 Plymouth Rock and White Leghorn chickens and disposes of about 100 chickens and 700 dozen eggs annually. Mr. Rain is a member of the Republican party and has served in various public offices in his township, having been elected president of the school board for three years and pathmaster for six terms. He has been president of the board of trustees of Root Prairie church for three years. On March 30, 1892, Anna, daughter of Ingebret N. and Anna (Docken) Moen beeame his wife and their marriage has been blessed with five children: Emil, Alice, Esther, Alfa and Jasper. The devoted wife and mother was summoned by death on February 2, 1911.

Theodore HE. Sorenson, who has represented the interests of citizens of Pilot Mound township and Fillmore county in various responsible public offices, is one of the prominent and greatly esteemed men in the community. He was born at Fossum, Norway, in 1854, son of Erick and Irene Sophia (Lunda) Sorenson, natives of that country. Erick Sorenson came to America in 1868 and settled in Pilot Mound, where he took land, which had to be grubbed and broken and which had no convenient water suply. For two years after coming to this country Erick worked for the railroad, putting through a new extension from Lanesboro, west. By his wife, Irene Sophia, he had five children: Theodore E., Christian, Irene, Isabelle, now deceased, and Ernest. Theodore E. was given a common school education and after attaining his majority went to work for different farmers near his home. In time he rented a farm, which he operated on shares for some time. In 1882, in partnership with his brother, Christian, he bought 140 acres in section 17, Pilot Mound, and 20 acres in Chatfield townslup. Four years later he purchased his brother's interests. As time has passed and he has grown prosperous, he has added to his original holdings, now owning 277 acres, on which he conducts general farming, making a specialty of raising pure bred Shorthorn cattle. He owns five blooded Shorthorn sires, one of which is registered, and many of his cows are eligible to registration. He also raises Duroe-Jersey hogs and disposes of about seventy-five annually. He keeps ten good horses for farm purposes. Politically a staunch Republican, Mr. Sorenson has oecupied various offices, having been county commissioner four years, town chairman one year, pathmaster for nine years, constable for four years, and assessor for one year, giving general satisfaction in all positions which he held. He owns shares in the Nelson Land Company of Lanesboro, and is a licensed auctioneer. For a time he was partner in the hardware business with J. M. Carlson, but eventually disposed of his interests. Mr. Sorenson has ever taken an active part in all movements toward the betterment of conditions of his chosen church. He was at one time foreman of the Root Prairie and North Prairie congregations, and since their separation has been foreman of the Pilot Mound congregation. He has also been chairman of the building committee. On November 3, 1886, Mr. Sorenson was united in marriage with Rachel Carlson, daughter of John and Susan (Sorenson) Carlson. This marriage has been blessed with two children: Clarenee Alfred and Estella Josephine. Estella married Christian Overby and lives in Cherry Grove township. Mr. and Mrs. Sorenson are members of the Brotherhood of American Yeomen.

Ole Skrukrud was born in Gulbrandsdalen, Norway, Oetober 22, 1827, and at the age of twenty-two years, when Norway was aiding Denmark in the struggle with Germany, enlisted in the Norwegian army, remaining in the service for ten years. In 1856 he was married to Engebor Romsos, who was boru June 22, 1828, in Gulbrandsdalen, Norway. In 1857 he bought his father's homestead, remaining there until the spring of 1866, when he came to America, leaving his family in Norway. Selling their home and property there in 1867, Mrs. Skrukrnod, accompanied by five small children, left to join her husband, who had prepared a new home for them in Pilot Mound township, Fillmore county, Minnesota. Mr. and Mrs. Skrukrud had seven children, five of whom are now living. Ole, Anton, Eli, Mathias and Olaf were born in Norway and Engebret and Marie in America. Eli, who. died in 1894, was married to Thor Redalen of this county and lived on a farm in Carrollton township. Ole is also dead. Anton is living on a farm in Renville county. He married Anna Kolstad. Mathias married to Anna Skrukrud and Engebret married to Sophia Erickson, are farmers of Pilot Mound township. Olaf, who is married to Olivia Redalen, resides at Lanesboro. Mr. Skrukrud lived on his farm in Pilot Mound township until 1891, when he moved to Lanesboro, where he at present resides, his daughter Marie living with him. Mrs. Skrukrud died in 1906.

M. O. Skrukrud was born in Gulbrandsdalen, Norway, in 1864. In 1867 he came to America with his parents, who settled in Pulot Mound township. He worked for his father until twenty-four years old, when he rented his father's farm for three years on shares. In 1894 he bought 96 acres of land and eighty more in 1900, being now the owner of 176 acres in sections 18, 14 and 22, on which he is.engaged in general farming. Mr. Skrukrud is a member of the United Lutheran church of Pilot Mound. Ile is now serving his second term as member of the board of supervisors and has served two terms cach as schoo] director and pathmaster. He is a stockholder in the Peterson

Farmers' Elevator. On June 10, 1890, he was married to Anna Skrukrud, who was born in Pilot Mound in 1871. Their children are Ida Rose, Clara Otilia, Elmira Oreana, Odin Milliard, Mabel Evelyn, Morilla Alvilda, Eugene Kenneth and Lillian Estella. Ida Rose is a graduate of Laneshoro high school and is teaching her second year in district 159, Pilot Mound. Clara Otilia is attending high school at Lanesboro.

Engebret O. Skrukrud, who owns 383 acres of valuable land on sections 21 and 22, Pilot Mound township, and is one of the progressive farmers in that vicinity, was born in this township in 1869, son of Ole and Engebor (Romsos) Skrukrud. When a boy he attended the district school and there acquired his edueation, remaining with his father on the home farm until twentyfour years of age, then going to Griggs county, North Dakota, for ten months. Then he lived at home for something over a year. For five years he operated the farm on which he now lives and then bought it, since which time he has carried on his life's chosen occupation with marked success. He raises Shorthorn eatile, hogs, horses and fowls, and makes a specialty of the latter, annually selling about 75 chickens and about 650 dozen eggs. Politieally he is united with the Republican party and has served as supervisor of the town board for three years, also as pathmaster for several years. He is a member of the board of directors of the Lanesboro & Pilot Mound Telephone Co. On June 10, 1908, Mr. Skrukrad was united in marriage to Sophia, daughter of Torger and Martha (Peterson) Erickson. The family attends the United Lutheran Church, and is respeeted throughout the community,

Ole P. Paulson, progressive farmer and native of Pilot Mound township, was born September 8, 1866, son of Peder and Marit Paulson, who came to America from Norway in 1866 and settled in Pilot Mound, moving two years later to Fountain, where they resided until 1873, during which year they returned to Pilot Mound and bought the farm now owned by Ole P. The subject of this biography was educated in the common schools of the county and worked on the home farm for his father until the latter's death in 1897, when he became owner of the old homestead of 192 acres, on seetions 22 and 27, where he carries on general farming, stock raising and dairying. In political opinions My. Paulson is a Republican. He has served as pathmaster for three terms, and at present is treasurer of the school board, which office he has acceptably filled for two years. He was married January 29, 1901, to Anna Carolina Paulson, born February 28, 1877, daughter of Knut and Matilda (Lerherg) Paulson, of Fountain township, on January 29, 1901. To Mr. and Mrs. Paulson three children have been born, Mabel Tena, born January 5, 1902; Coela Perletta, born June 23, 1904, and Clarence Raymond, born April 1, 1907. The family attends the United Luthern church and stands well m the community.

Andrew H. Holt was born in Norway, March 25, 1862, son of Hans and Maria Holt. He came to this country in 1887, lived five months in Chicago, and then went to La Crosse, Wis., where he lived eight years, employed in a sawmill and as a carpenter. In 1895 he came to Ilolt township and worked at his trade until 1902, when he bought his present farm of forty acres on section 21, which he now rents on shares to S. Hanson. Mr. [Holt is a Republican in polities, and was road overseer one term. He was married July 23, 1896, to Christina Ramsey, born in Norway, March 27, 1861, daughter of Botolf and Gertrude Ramsey. She died November 8, 1909. The family faith is that of the United Lutheran church.

Ole Wilson was born in lower Telmarken, Norway, October 14, 1836, son of William and Turi Wilson. He was educated in Norway, and in 1852 came to America and took up his residence with his grandfather, Emilie Olson, who owned a farm in Otsego township, Columbia county, Wis. He worked as a farm hand for a while, and then started working farms on shares. After living in Wisconsin for fifteen years he came to Holt township in 1867 and bought his present farm of eighty acres in section 12, which he broke and improved, and where he now carries on general farming. He was married November 18, 1870, to Annie Hansou, born in Upper Telmarken, Norway. They have had four children, Susan (died when eleven months old), Hans Andrew, Olaus and Halvor Martinus. Mr. Wilson had a most interesting experience with the Indiaus. In 1855 some twenty Indians called at the farm and demanded food, and when this was given them demanded that Mr. Wilson assist them in carrying it to camp. Two of the Indians were intoxicated, and tried to stab him with a knife, but some of the more friendly of the savages saved his life.

Fred Johnson was born in Newburg township July 23, 1882, son of Mathia and Ellen Johnson, who were born in Norway, came to the United States, lived in Iowa twelve years, then came to this county, lived in Newburg township for awhile, and finally came to seetion 23, Holt township, and rented 120 acres. The father died in 1908, and the mother now lives with Fred, who rents the same farm from N. H. Nepstad. Fred was educated in the country schools, and has since devoted his time to agricultural pursuits, having lived on the same place for the past twenty years. He owns considerable live stock and good machinery, and is a hard working young man. He votes the Republican ticket. Mr. Johnson is one of three sons, his brothers being Gustave and Adolph.

Charles E. Pierce was born in Fond du Lae county, Wisconsin, May 30, 1851, son of Oliver and Julia Pierce, natives of Norway, who came to America in 1849, setiled in Wisconsin, and lived there until 1853, when they came to Rushford in this county, and pre-empted a quarter section of wild land, which they broke and developed. In 1882 the father sold out and went west. Charles E. stayed on the home farm until his mother's death. Then he worked as a farm hand, and later started renting land on his own responsibility. In 1906 he rented his present farm from W. D. Culbertson, the place consisting of 120 acres in sections 10, 15 and 16. Mr. Pierce owns his equipment and also considerable stock. Aside from the usual lines of general farming he raises some tobacco, and has been very successful in bee culture. He is a Republican in politics, and attends the United Lutheran church. Mr. Pierce was married September 26, 1885, to Anna Olson, born in Norway, and of their seven children five are living. They are: Oliver, born in 1884; Gena, born in 1887; Edwin, born in 1892; Petrina, born in 1897; and Amand, born in 1900.

Torvald Sveen was born in Arendah] township in 1883, son of Tostern and Ingebor Sveen, natives of Norway, who came to this county in the early days and homesteaded land in section 26, Arendahl. Torvald received a common school education and early in life began to assist his father with the farm work. During the year of 1911 he purchased the home property, which comprises 200 acres located in section 26. Mr. Sveen engages in general dairy farming and raises Shorthorn cattle, Poland China hogs, and poultry. Being of industrious habits he has gradually made many improvements on his farm and its well kept condition is an evidence of his energy and ambition. Politically, Mr. Sveen is a Prohibitionist, but his many duties on the farm have prevented his seeking public office. On September 10, 1910, he married Carrie Larson and they are the parents of Irene Tomine. The family attends the United Lutheran church at Peterson.

Abraham C. Jensen was born near Stavanger, Norway, December 12, 1836, son of Jens C. and Gulecker Maria Jensen. The father died in the old country, and the mother came to America in 1862 with Abraham C. and his family. After settling in Holt township, this county, Mr. Jensen took a claim of forty acres of wild land. Seven years later he sold this claim and purchased some land, which he afterward sold to his son, Rasmus. Then he went to Peterson, purchased a house, and worked as a mason two years. Then he sold the house and bought a small farm near his son Rasmus. Here he lived for twenty years. In 1912 he sold the place and moved to Highland, where he now lives. Mr. Jensen was first married in 1848 to Mary Utsolie. Three children were born, Christian, Carrie and Ingman. After his first wife's death Mr. Jensen married Mrs. Annie Rasmussen, and they have three children: Rasmus, Mike and Jacob. Before her marriage to. Mr. Jensen Mrs. Rasmussen had three children by her former husband, Ole, Rebecca and Isabel.

Ole L, Strande, a progressive farmer of Arendah] township, was born in Norway in 1880, son of Ludvik and Meta (Larson) Strande. He received his education in the common schools of his native land and came to America during 1900, locating in Arendahl] township. Later he went to Winona county, where he re- Iaained six and a half years. Then he returned to Arendahl, where he has since made his home. He rents 180 acres from Charles A. Harstad, for cash, and operates the Moen farm of 180 acres in section 9. The horses, swine, Shorthorn cattle and -other domestic animals on the place are his own property. He is a stockholder in the Arendahl creamery and owns a farm of 160 acres in Harding county, §. D. He is a Republican in polities. On November 22, 1904, Alettha, daughter of Guttorm and Marget (Jacobson) Gutterson, became his wife, and to this marriage have been born: Leonard Merton, Gyda Madeline and Orville Andrew. The family attends the United Lutheran church and assists With the support of that organization.

Hans H. Rud, a prosperous farmer of Arendahl township, was born in Norway in 1864, son of H. K. and Helga (Olstadter) Rud. H. K. Rud came to this country in 1864 and Hans H. Rud two years later. In 1870 they returned to the old country. After spending three years at home Hans H. again crossed the ocean to America and settled in Wisconsin, after which, in 1875, he came to Minnesota and located in Norway township. For some time he secured employment of the various farmers in the township, but in 1877 went to North Dakota, there remaining for twelve years, engaged in horse dealing. He has also had various other experiences, including six years' management of a hotel at Peterson, and now owns a farm of 120 acres in section 24, Arendahl, where he carries on general farming and stock raising. He is a stockholder in the Arendahl] creamery and elevator and has other business interests. He affiliates with the Republican party, but has never sought public office. On March 25, 1891, Mr. Rud married Amanda R. Jackson, and they are the parents of Hilda A., Alfred H., Oscar, Eda L., Sena M., Reuben 1., Walter, Alice H., and James A. The family attends the United Lutheran church and contributes to its support.

Halver G. Anderson was born in Rushford on New Year's day, 1875, son of Gout and Annie Anderson, who are among the oldest living residents of this locality. He received his early education in the common schools, but when about fourteen years of age, being able to do a man's work, he left school to assist his father on the home farm. When twenty-three years of age he rented land, and three years later bought his present farm of 160 acres in section 36, Rushford township, where he follows general farming, having ninety acres under cultivation. He keeps from 15 to 20 head of good dairy cows and raises from 25 to 40 hogs annually. He also keeps six horses for general purposes. Mr. Anderson is one of the few men in this township who still live in a log house. He has a particular liking for it, however, and hopes to. use it many years longer. Myr. Anderson is a stockholder in the Rushford creamery and in the Farmers' elevator at Rushford. He is a Republican in political views and has been school clerk of district 154 for some years, a position he still occupies. In January, 1898, he was united in marriage with Gena Holgee, of Houston county. This marriage has been blessed with eight children, three of whom died in early youth. Ada, George, Elmer Ernest and Howard are all at home. The two youngest are twins. The family worships at the Rushford Lutheran church.

Martin Brennan came to America with his father, his mother having died in Ireland. Some time after their arrival in this country the father and son lived in Kingston, New York, after which they came to Minnesota and settled in Chatfield township. Martin Brennan soon after left Chatfield and secured employment on the Mississippi, working on the levees for two winters, after which he returned to his former home and engaged in agricultural pursuits in Chatfield township and there lived for the balance of his days. He passed away June, 1904, and his widow, who was Mary Ryan, now resides in Chatfield village.

B. ©. Benson was born in Fillmore county in 1881, son of Christopher and Rachel (Oyan) Benson, the former of whom was born in America and the latter in Norway. B. C. acquired his education in the schools of the county and for some time after leaving school assisted his father on the home farm. At the age of eighteen he started to learn the carpenters' trade at Peterson. During the month of November, 1911, he purchased a half interest in the general store in Peterson from E. T. Kriekson. His industrious habits and good business sense are valuable assets and it is generally conceded that he will continue to be one of the successful men of Fillmore county. On October 3, 1905, Mr. Benson married Cora Evenson, daughter of Teman and Bela (Erickson) Evenson, and they have two children, Clifford and Earl.

William Brennan, successful and progressive farmer of Carrolton township, was born in Chatfield township, this county, September 9, 1866, son of Martin and Mary (Ryan) Brennan. He attended the common schools and grew to manhood on his father's farm, thus fitting himself for agricultural pursuits. In 1890 he moved to his present home on section 18, Carrolton township, where he now owns a half section of land, on which he follows general diversified farming. He has erected a comfortable modern dwelling, commodious barns and outbuildings, and has greatly improved and beautified the place, the neat appearance of the surroundings speaking well of his thrift and enterprise. Fraternally Mr. Brennan is affiliated with the M. W. A. He is treasurer of school district No. 51. In February, 1890, he was married to Margaret Ruddy, and to this union nine children have been born: Paul M., Martin C., Lucile E., Nellie C., John C., Joseph, Mary, William and Raymond. Mr. Brennan has one brother, John, of Stewartville, Minnesota. The family faith is that of the Catholie church.

Carl A. Smaby, editor and publisher, was born in Peterson on Christmas day, 1884, son of Andrew and Martha Smaby, who came to America from Norway in the early days of settlement in this county, and located in Peterson. Carl A. was educated in the common schools of the township and learned the printers' trade in Rushford, where he was employed from 1902 until 1909. During the latter year he returned to his home in Peterson and established a weekly paper, known as the ''Peterson Herald." Althongh several had failed in their attempts at starting a Peterson paper, Mr. Smaby was successful and seeured a good list of patrons. Being of an energetic temperament and blessed with endless ambition, the subject of this biography has taken an active interest in all movements which have tended toward the advancement and improvement of his town and couniy. He has been secretary of Peterson Commercial Club and has done good service as justice of the peace. We is both popular and progressive and is recognized as posessing keen business sense and marked ability in his chosen profession. Ee married Clara Lomen, daughter of Amund Lomen, and two children have come to bless their home: Glen Harold and June Mildred.

Edward Treaugen, who is now operating the A. A. Bolles farm of 130 acres in Preble township, was born in Houston county, where he first saw the light of day May 7, 1869, son of Ole and Ruth Treaugen, who came to America from Norway in 1867, and after an interval of three years, during which the father worked at his trade as carpenter, purchased the farm where Edward was born. Edward received his education in the district schools and remained at home until 21 years of age. Then, after working as a farm hand awhile, he rented land on his own responsibility. In 1897 he went to Sonth Dakota and did mason work. Returning to Minnesota the following year, he worked for various farmers. Since 1906 he has rented property. He owns his machinery and stock and gives his best efforts to making a suecess of his chosen occupation. Politically he is a Republican. He is a member of the United Lutheran church. June 26, 1907, he married Cora Anderson, born in Norway January 15, 1880. To Mr. and Mrs. Treaugen has been born a daughter, Gladys Rosella, September 20, 1908. ya

Bernhard Viken, of Preble township, was born in Norway July 18, 1880, son of Christian and Mary Viken, the former of whom died in Norway and the latter of whom is still living there. Bernhard was given a common school education and taught himself the English language. In 1903 he came to America and was employed for a time in Canton township, this county. He now rents the C. G. Westby farm of 270 acres, and pays eash, having his own equipment and stock. He does general farming and keeps about 45 head of eattle, 18 hogs and 9 horses. Ile is a Republican in his political opinions, but never an office seeker. In March, 1903, he married Petra Gutberg, born in 1882, and they came to America on their wedding trip. To them have been born: Caspar Peter, Signa Mary and Walter Bian.

Rev. Olaf M. Saevig was born in Trondhjem, Norway, on July 31, 1850, son of M. J. and Nellie (Lee) Saevig, both of whom are now deceased. He reecived his primary education in the common schools and later graduated from the state normal school in Trondhjem, after which he taught for three years in his fatherland. In 1873 he came to the United States. After teaching in the parochial school at Lanesboro for two years, he entered Luther College at Decorah, Iowa, from which institution he graduated three years later, subsequently studying theology at Madi- son, Wisconsin, for three years. He was ordained April 4, 1880, and for four years thereafter served as assistant minister at Koshkong, Wisconsin. Then he accepted a call to Wyota, and preached the gospel there for twenty years, serving five congregations and building two new churches. In 1904 he went to Duluth, Minnesota, and occupied a pulpit there for two years, after which he returned to Wisconsin for a well deserved rest. Since February 12, 1911, he has served two congregations in Fillmore county, one at Whalen and the other at Peterson. His record of service is a most honorable one. He has given the best years of his life to his chosen calling and wherever he has preached his earnestness and unselfishness have imprinted on the minds of his people an example worthy of following. On September 14, 1892, Rev. Saevig was united in marriage with Angeline Nelson, of Argyle, Wisconsin, and this union has been blessed with: Gerhard, Nora, Esther and Alfa.

John Stennes, a well known farmer residing in Preble township, was born near Stavanger, Norway, November 11, 1886, son of Daniel and Serena Stennes, who spent their lives in that country. With his grandfather, Ole Stennes, the subject of this biography came to America in 1892, and lived for a time with Christ Jacobson, in Mabel. For several years John Stennes was employed by different farmers in the locality, after which he rented the Eliefson property, which he at present occupies. If the consent of the heirs can be obtained Mr. Stennes will purchase the property at the earliest opportunity. He now carries on general farming and raises some stock, owning five horses and twelve head of cattle. He was married December 26, 1908, to Minnie Hagen, born in Preble township April 18, 1886. They have one son, Earl Dorvil.

Oscar Peterson was born in Preble township, August 25, 1881, son of John and Johannah Peterson, both natives of Norway. Oscar Peterson received his education in the local schools and worked at home till nineteen years of age. He then went to North Dakota, where he worked some years, and later took a homestead in Holden township, Adams county, where he was the second homesteader. After proving up he sold his claim and went to Alberta, Canada, where he bought a quarter section of land and farmed till 1910. In the latter year he returned to Preble and bought an interest in the general merchandise business in Choice. Ile later sold his Canadian farm and now has all his business interests here in this county. He has had econsiderable experience at mechanical trades and has a good working knowledge of carpentry and mechanics. On January 11, 1911, he married Olga Nordgaard, who was born in Norway, November 20, 1881. To this union has been born one son, Stanley Jerome, January 29, 1912.

Lars Hoff, a well known citizen of Preble township, is a native of Houston county, born January 20, 1879, son of Alexander and Mary Hoff, natives of lowa and Norway, respectively, who moved to this county in 1894 and bought a farm, which they later disposed of, after which they purchased a mill at Yucatan, Houston county, and there reside at the present time. Lars, subject of this sketch, was given a common school education, and early in life fitted himself for general farming. During the year 1909 he rented property and started for himself on sections 21 and 33, where he engages in diversified farming, owning his. implements and stock. In political convictions he adheres to the principles of the Republican party. January 20, 1911, Lena Moen became his wife, and to them has been born a son, Miles.

Carsten Kvarme was born in Norway December 18, 1885, son of Andrew and Olena Kvarme. He was educated in the common schools of his native country, taught himself the English language, and after his mother's death in 1902 prepared to come to America. After his arrival he worked as a farm hand for different farmers near Mabel, Minnesota. Being both industrious and economical, he managed to save from his earnings and in 1912 he bought 80 acres on section 20, Preble township, where he carries on general farming. Politically he is a Republican and he is not a seeker for public office. He was married March 15, 1909, to Anna Rice, born March 22, 1883, at Hesper, Iowa. They have one daughter, Clarissa Amanda. Mr. and Mrs. Kvarme attend the United Lutheran church.

Ole S. Jchnson, enterprising and well thought of citizen of Preble, was born in Norway, where he first saw the light of day April 1, 1866, son of Simov and Elizabeth (Anderson) Johnson, who brought him to America before he was one year of age, and located in Fillmore county, where they homesteaded land and educated their boys in the common schools. Ole S. assisted his father on the home farm for several years, and in 1895 bought 80 acres on section 16, where he at present engages in general farming, stockraising and dairying. With his brother, John S., he operates his mother's farm, the father having died in 1911. Though for many years a staunch Republican, Mr. Johnson has never sought political preferment, but has devoted his time and energies to improving and cultivating his farm, which is well cared for and productive. In 1890 Mr. Johnson married Isabel

Anne Iverson, born in Norway on June 10, 1867, and to this union eight children have been born: Selma, Oscar, Arnold, Edwin, Irvin, Alma, Amelia and Annie (deceased). The family attends the United Lutheran church and is esteemed in the community.

Emma Taugen was born in Norway May 23, 1867, daughter of Olaves and Betsy Maria Taugen, who came to the United States from Norway in 1870, and settled on a farm in Preble township, which has since been the family home. Emma Taugen received her education in the common schools, to which she gave studious attention. After completing her schooling she assisted in the duties of the home. She is now the only living child of her parents, and owns the farm of 80 acres. She has Melvin, a son of her sister, working the farm for her. They keep from 15 to 20 head of cattle, raise from six to ten hogs annually, and have a small herd of sheep and eight horses. Miss Taugen is a member of the Lutheran church.

Tollof M. Olson was born in Houston county, Minnesota, October 14, 1860, son of Ole and Isabel Olson, who lived in Norway till 1859, when they came to America and settled in Preble township, where they bought land and made their home the remainder of their lives. Tollof was educated in the common schools of Minnesota and then assisted his parents. He now owns the old homestead of 80 acres in sections 8 and 9, where he follows general farming, keeping a sufficient number of cattle and other live stock for the successful conduct of a farm in this locality. Julia Anderson, a native of Norway, became his wife and to them have been born three children, Adolph, Olga and Inger.

Ole Ingelson, and his wife, Maric, came from Norway in 1861, and located in Preble township, this county. After working for farmers two years he bought a tract of wild land and by hard effort brought it to a high state of cultivation. There were nine children in the Ingelson family. Johannah married S. I. Norgaard. Cora married B. Carey (now deceased) and has three children: Nellie, Eymice and Cora. Dora married A. H. Wicks. Mattie married Charles Freyler. Louise married A. Craig. Ole is deceased. The others are Hans, Martin and Carl.

Christ C. Johnson, who is now operating his mother's farm of 145 acres on section 20, Preble township, is one of the industrious and progressive farmers in the vicinity. He was born at Stavenger, Norway, July 22, 1877, son of Christopher and Christine Johnson. The father died in his native land and in 1884 the mother brought her six children to America, living a while with her brother, Halvor Halvorsen, and later purchasing a farm, on which she has since resided. Christ acquired a common school education and has spent his life working for his mother and caring for her. He keeps a herd of eighteen cattle for general dairy purposes, raises some hogs, has three horses and works the property on shares, owning the necessary machinery and tools.

Hans Ingelson was born on the farm where he still resides in Preble township, February 14, 1868, son of Ole and Maria Ingelson. He received his education in the neighborhood, and since the death of his parents has continued to reside on the home place, whieh is owned jointly by him and his brothers and sisters, his sister Dora living on the place and looking after the household duties. He has been secretary of the Choice creamery and is well regarded.

Bernt R. Benson, a resident of this county since 1858, was born in Norway on March 22, 1857, son of Reier and Sigrid Benson, who in 1858 crossed the ocean, Janded at Quebec, came to Minnesota, settled in Rushford, later bought a farm in section 17, and for fifty years carried on general farming, the father dying in 1909 at the age of 75, and the mother still living with her son, Bernt R., at the age of 83 years. Bernt R. received a common school education and after working on the home farm for a period went to Dakota and worked out for two years. Returning to Fillmore county in 1900, he purchased the home farm, now owning 200 aeres, of which about 110 are under eultivation. He does general farming and raises pure bred Shorthorn cattle, Shropshire sheep, Poland China hogs and Percheron horses. Mr. Benson is a Republican and has been elected to various offices in his township, serving two years on the town board and seven years as clerk of school district 146. He is vicepresident of the Rushford Codperative Creamery. Mr. Benson was united in marriage with Ingebor Vogen on November 5, 1886, and they have been blessed with eight children, Cora, Sena, Olga and Laura, at home; Inga, attending college in Austin; Roy, who died in infancy, and Gena Benard at home. The family faith is that of the Rushford Lutheran church.

Ben ©. Iverson, a successful and enterprising farmer residing in Preble township, was born in the locality which is his present home, son of Christian and Bertha Iverson, who came to America from Norway and made their first home in this country in Illinois, later removing to Fillmore county and locating on a farm in Preble, where Ben C. was born. During boyhood the 'subject of this sketch attended the district school and spent much time in the employ of his father on the home farm, with whom he remained until 1899. Then he started life for himself and rented some land. In 1906 he bought his present farm of 60 acres in section 12, where he carries on general farming and stockraising. He is affiliated with the United Lutheran church and in political opinions is a Republican. On January 16, 1899, he was united in marriage with Matilda Paulson, born in Winona, May 14, 1879, daughter of Christian and Rebecca Paulson. To Mr. and Mrs. Iverson have been born four children, Celia Rosella, Melvin B., Blanche C. and Olga M.

Peter G. Sand, a thrifty farmer residing in the township of Preble, was born in Norway, September 27, 1862, son of John P. and Marie, life-long residents of that country. Peter G. went to school in Norway and grew to manhood in the home of his parents. During the year of 1900 he decided to seek his fortune in America. Upon his arrival in the United States he proceeded west to Iowa, there securing employment of farmers in the vicinity of Cresco. For two years he made his home in Iowa, after which he went to Houston county, Minnesota, and there spent four years in the employ of various farmers. After coming to Preble township Mr. Sand worked for various farmers, and being of good habits and economical, he saved from his earnings, and in 1911 bought 140 acres on sections 2 and 11. Here he carries on diversified farming and dairying. Politically he is identified with the Republican party. In 1892 he married Anna Olson, also a native of Norway, born in 1869. To this union seven children have been born, Marget, Hjelmer, Petrae, Suger, John, Agnes and Hilda. The family attends the United Lutheran church.

Carl Robert Moen, a successful business man of Peterson, was born in Arendehl township, August 19, 1878. When a boy he attended the district schools of his township and assisted his father on the farm until 1885, during which year he moved to Peterson with his parents. In time he entered into business with his brothers, who owned and conducted the Moen Brothers Casket Company, and the firm carried on a flourishing business for many years. Carl Robert, feeling the need of a better education, entered the Stoughton Academy at Stoughton, Wisconsin, graduating from the commercial course in 1897. In 1899 he went to 'Winona and there Jearned photography, returning six months later to Peterson and opening a studio. In his chosen profession Mr. Moen has met with marked success, and he has hranch studios in both Harmony and Mabel, the former being opened on September 1, 1910, and the latter in July, 1907. Mr. Moen is a stockholder in the Peterson Creamery and he is interested in various other business enterprises. He has been elected to serve in several public offices in the township and was a member of the city council for a year. On September 3, 1899, Mr. Moen married Jennie Gelena, daughter of John and Mary P. (Haslerud) Ensberg, and to them have been born: Myrtle, Jeanette, Olive Marie, Alto Evangeline and Pearl Beatrice. The family attends the Lutheran church.

Ludvig Flattum was born in Norway township, May 18, 1886, son of Hans and Annie Flattum, natives of Norway, where they grew up and were married. Later in life they joined a party of their country people and came to the United States, locating in Minnesota and settling in Norway township, this county. Ludvig received his education in the common schools and assisted his parents on the home place till he was twenty-one years of age, when he married and rented land. In 1909 he bought 100 acres in section 6, Preble township, and has since followed general farming there. He has a herd of twenty cattle of general purpose variety, raises from ten to twenty hogs annually, and has six horses for farm work and driving. In politics he is usually a supporter of Republican principles, but has never sought offices. He was married May 20, 1907, to Ida Rostvold, a native of Preble township. To them have been born two children: Attle and Roy.

Austin G. Maland was born in Christiansands, Stift, Bratsberg Amt. Tin Prestegeld Ovre Thelemarken Norge, September 2, 1812, and married Annie Overland, born November 19, 1812. Both came to the United States while children and lived in Racine county, Wisconsin. Annie Overland's father assisting in cutting and hauling logs for the first Norwegian Lutheran church in North America, which was built at Muskego, Racine county, Wisconsin. In 1857 Austin G. Maland arrived in Fillmore county and located in Harmony, where he made the family home and followed general farming until near the time of his death, March 2, 1878.

Ole H. Moen was born in Norway and was brought to America by his parents in 1848, at the age of six years. They lived in Winnebago county, Wisconsin, about six years. After the mother's death Ole H., twelve years old, and his father, Harold Moen, came to Minnesota and bought land in Arendahl! township, on the payments of which exorbitant interest was charged. This land was mostly wild prairie, and much hard jabor was necessary to prepare it for the raising of general farm crops. On May 4, 1886, Ole H. Moen and his sons moved into Peterson village. At this time there were but two smal) stores in the town, owned by

T. A. Jackson and 8S. C. Thompson, respectively, the latter's building being purchased by Mr. Moen, who entered the furniture and hardware business. During the fall of the same year A. A. Ness moved to Peterson and bought an unoccupied flour mill, and assisted by the Moen family opened a grain market, which he operated for several years. The failure of this business eventually undermined his health, he and the Moens losing considerable money. Ole H. Moen married Maria O. Kopperud, and they had six children, three of whom are living: Herman, O. A. O. and Carl R. Ole H. Moen died in May, 1897, and his wife passed away in January, 1905.

0, A, O. Moen was born in Arendahl township in 1874, son of Ole H. and Maria O. (Kopperud) Moen. His edueation was acquired in the district schools of the county and in Stoughton Academy, Stoughton, Wisconsin, from which he graduated in the class of 1892. Returning to Fillmore county, the subject of this sketch went to work for his father and A. A. Ness, then grain dealers in Peterson. The following year he began the manufacture of caskets in connection with the furniture business, in which his father was also interested. Mr. Moen at present is engaged in this line and has met with success in his chosen occupation. Politically he is a member of the Prohibitionist party and he has long been prominently identified with church work, being a member of the Hauge Lutheran church. He, for several years, was superintendent of the Sunday School, and at present is president of the Lutheran League, which with the assistance of O. Ensberg, he organized. Myr. Moen is president of the Peterson Telephone Exchange, and to his efforts the present fine system in that town is dne. In April, 1909, he began working to improve telephone conditions and his efforts have been rewarded with success. On September 9, 1896, Mr. Moen married Ellen O. Boyum, daughter of Ole E. and Anna (Johnson) Boyum. To Mr. and Mrs. Moen three daughters have been born, Gladine Eaudora, Esther Victoria and Eleanor Anne Marie.

Martin A. Maland, farmer, banker and manufacturer, was born in Wisconsin, August 23, 1846, son of Austin G. and Annie (Overland) Maland. He received his education in the common and parochial schools of Wisconsin and Minnesota, assisting his parents and growing to manhood in Harmony. this county. April 8, 1873, he was united in marriage with Susan, daughter of O. Dommerud, who settled in Racine county, Wisconsin, in 1838. The year after his marriage Mr. Maland moved to Norway township and settled on land previously purchased on sections 29 and 30. Other tracts were added from time to time till Mr. Maland be- came an extensive land owner. From his early days he was of prominence in public affairs. In 1881 he was cleected county commissioner, and in 1885 and 1889 represented Fillmore county in the State legislature. He was the author of the original County Option bill, which he introduced in 1889. March 23, 1892, he left his excellent farm in Norway township and moved to Rushford city, which has since been his home. He is here extensively interested in the affairs of the city and connected with several of the business enterprises. and institutions which are the most dependable of the locality, being vice-president of the Rushford State Bank and president of the Rushford Wagon Company. The latter company is one of the oldest and most widely known of all Rushford's activities, and is extensively and appropriately mentioned elsewhere in this work. In politics Mr. Maland is a Republican, and aside from the offices already mentioned has held many smaller offices in the various localities where he has resided. He is a member of the Norwegian Lutheran chureh of Rushford ; formerly he attended the Highland Prairie church of the same denomination. To Mr. and Mrs. Maland were born ten children: Almer L., deceased; Amelia B., Hilda M., Clara L., deceased; Clarence O., Arthur E., John G., James W., Lillie C. and Cora L. Amelia B. married F. A. Olson and they have one child, Martin M. John G. married Callie H. Hoffman and they are living in Fulton, Missouri.

Andreas J. Agrimson, was born in Wisconsin November 10, 1860, son of Jacob and Inger (Hanna) Agrimson. When the subject of this sketch was but a year of age, his parents brought him to Fillmore county and here he has since made his home. He received his education in the common schools of Arendahl township and remained at home after leaving school, working for his father until he attained bis majority. In 1881, Mr. Agrimson bought a valuable farm, which comprised 360 acres. On this farm he resides at the present time. It is located in sections fifteen and twenty-three, Arendahl township. Engaging in general, diversified farming, Mr. Agrimson also raises many Shorthorn eattle and Poland China hogs, and makes a specialty of pure-bred' horses for general farm and driving purposes. He has long been a loyal supporter of the Prohibitionist party, and in recognition of his executive ability, the people of his community have elected him to serve in several responsible offices of the township, among which are supervisor of the township, treasurer of the school board and also road overseer. Mr. Agrimson is a stockholder in the local creamery and also owns shares in the elevator. In 1882 he married Britta Hulson and to them have been born Bertha, Inger, Peter, Jacob, Alfred B., Maria,

Elmer J., Bertinus, Judith, Alida and Sarah. Inger is now superintendent of St. Johns Hospital, at Sioux City, Iowa; Bertha is employed as nurse in the same hospital. John Berge has been taken by Mr. Agrimson, who gives the lad a home until he becomes self-supporting, the father being blind and mother dead. Mr. Agrimson and his family attend the Norwegian Lutheran ehurch and contribute to the support of this house of worship.

Peter Peterson Haslerud, deceased, who platted and owned the village site of Peterson, was one of the first settlers in Rushford township. He was born in Norway July 21, 1828, and there received his education and remained until fifteen years of age. In 1843 he came to America, first locating in Illinois, later going to Wisconsin, and there engaged in logging in the pineries. In July, 1853, he came with his wife to this county, they being among one of the first party of emigrants to locate in Rushford township. He settled on section 30, where he engaged in farming, and there lived until summoned by death. He devoted his' time to agricultural pursuits largely, but ever took an active part in the good and welfare of his town and county, and in his day held nearly all the town and local offices and served one term in the lower house of the State Legislature. Mr. Haslerud was married to Cornelia Anderson, and this union resulted in the birth of five children: George P., a hardware merchant of Peterson; Andrew, of Arendahl; Mary, now Mrs. J. O. Ensberg, of Peterson; Annie, who died in infancy; and Adeline, now Mrs. Elmer Halvorson, of Peterson. Mrs. Cornelia (Anderson) Haslerud died April 15, 1892. Their oldest child, George P., is supposedly the first white child born in Rushford township, the date of his birth being November 10, 1853.

Oscar Carlson, the popular superintendent of Fillmore county schools, was born in Pilot Mound, this county, September 4, 1872, son of Ole and Catherine (Berg) Carlson, natives of Norway. He attended the county schools, and the Winona high school. Later he entered the State Normal school at Winona, and graduated from the advanced class in 1899. For some time after completing his education, he taught school. Then he mastered the science of Osteopathy and opened an office in North Dakota. A year later he went to Chicago and took a course in electrotherapeutics, preparatory to taking charge of the electro-therapeutic work for Drs. Finfrock and Maxfield, at IMlliopolis, Tl. Later, Drs, Finfrock and Carlson opened an office in Decatur, II1., where Dr. Carlson remained until his return to Fillmore county in 1905. He became interested in public matters and was elected county superintendent of schools in 1906. He has since served eontinuously, giving much satisfaction. Mr. Carlson was united in wedlock August 21, 1907, with Della E. Luick, daughter of W. #H. Luick, of Muncie, Ind., and their home has been blessed with one son, Roy William, born August 20, 1908. Mr. Carlson attends the Methodist church and is a member of the I. O. O. F. He makes his home in the city of Preston, and is regarded as one of her leading citizens.

Jacob J, Agrimson, who owns a well-tilled farm of 280 acres in section fourteen, Arendahl township, is a native of this county, having been born in this township during the year of 1878. His parents were Jacob and Inger (Hanna) Agrimson, natives of Norway and early residents of this county. While a boy, the subject of this sketch attended school near his father's farm and spent the periods of vacation in assisting with the farm work. For many years after completing his education, Mr. Agrimson remained at home with his parents, assuming charge of the home place, to which he gave his best efforts. His present property evidences the industrious habits of its owner, and under his good management, yields abundant crops each year. He carries on general farming, together with stock raising and dairying. He affiliates with the Republican party and is a member of the Norwegian Lutheran church.

Jacob Agrimson and his wife, Inger (Hanna), were born in Norway in 183], and there they spent the early years of their lives, attended school and were later married. In 1854 they left the land of their birth and crossed the ocean to the United States. After their arrival in this country they came west to Wisconsin, where they made their home for seven years. In 1861 they came to Minnesota and settled in Fillmore county, breaking land and developing a farm in Arendahl township. During the Civil War the failure of a bank in which Mr. Agrimson had deposited his savings deprived him of the money which his years of toil and industry had accumulated. This was a severe blow to Mr. Agrimson, but he worked on with even greater energy than before and as the years passed again became the owner of a comfortable home and farm. To himself and estimable wife three sons were born, of whom Andreas J., the eldest, is now & prosperous farmer of Arendahl township; Jacob J. is also a resident of Arendahl and resides on section fourteen, and John, the youngest, owns a farm in the same township.

John Agrimson, a well-known resident of Arendahl township, was born near his present home on January 20, 1880, son of Jacob and Inger (Hanna) Agrimson, early settlers in this county. He grew to manhood on his father's farm and attended school near home. Completing his education, he devoted his time and energy to general farming industries, which occupation he is following at the present time. He now owns 160 acres of well cultivated land, which is located in sections fourteen and fifteen, and in connection with his general farming, Mr. Agrimson makes a specialty of raising Shorthorn cattle for dairy purposes and Duroe-Jersey hogs, for which he finds ready market. In political views, the subject of this biography is a stanch Prohibitionst, he has served his community in minor offices, having been road overseer for some time. Mr. Agrimson was formerly a director of the creamery, to which he disposes of his dairy products. On June 15, 1904, Maria J. Skarstad became his wife and they are the parents of three children, Esther, Adella and Jerome O. The family attend the Norwegian Lutheran church, of which congregation they are respected members.

Thomas N. Jerston, a progressive farmer who owns 120 acres in section twenty-one, was born in Arendahl township in 1870. His parents, Nels Jerston and Inga (Torkelson) Jerston, were natives of Norway and came to America and settled in Wisconsin for a time, after which they came to Minnesota and located in Arendahl township, their present home. Thomas N. was educated in the common schools of the county and until he was twenty-four years of age, worked for his father on the home farm. In 1900 he bought his present property from his father, and he has since carried on general farming together with stock raising. He is a stockholder in the Arendahl creamery and has various business interests. He has long. affiliated with the Republican party. On December 13, 1894, he married Lena Indrelee, daughter of Hans and Martha (Dalboten) Indrelee. This marriage has been blessed with Nels, Henry, Edwin, Martin, Albert, Olander and Ada Mary. The family are members of the United Lutheran church.

Hans I, Torgerson, who owns 453 acres of valuable land in sections sixteen, twenty-one and seventeen, Arendahl township, was born in this township in 1865, son of Iver and Brita J. Rosetter Torgerson. The subject of this biography spent the years of his boyhood as does the average farm boy, going to school and working on the home farm during vacation months. His carefully cultivated property is now one of the most productive in the community and aside from his general farm interests he raises Shorthorn cattle, Poland China hogs, horses of a good breed and many chickens. IIe affiliates with the Republican party and has served in the office of road overseer. He owns stock in both the

Arendahl creamery and elevator and he is keenly interested in all movements which tend toward the general improvement of his township and community. On January 17, 1889 he married Maria Johnson, and this marriage has been blessed with Bertha, J., Clara M., Laura, Ingbold C., Julia M., Josie, Alpha O., Mabel H,. Harry T., and Alvin J. The family reside on the old Torgerson homestead and are highly esteemed by their fellow citizens.

John Alexander Ferguson, prominent resident of Arendahl township, was born here in 1875. His parents were Canadians who came to Minnesota in 1858 and settled in Arendall, where the father broke the wild land and cultivated it, carrying on general farming for many years. John C., the father, and his estimable wife, Isabel (Scott) Ferguson were real pioneers in this county and they endured the hardships incident to life at that time, the former later became prominent in town and village affairs and served as member of both town and school board. John A., the subject of this biography was educated, partly in the common schools and partly in studying by himself. Until 1900, be worked his father's farm, then purchasing land for a home of his own. His possessions embrace 280 acres of valuable land located in sections six and seven. Here Mr. Ferguson carries on general farming but devotes a greater share of his attention to raising pure bred stock, Shorthorn cattle, Poland China hogs, good horses and Plymouth Rock poultry. In political ideas he is a Republican and that he is highly esteemed in his community is shown by the various offices to which he has been elected to serve, among which are town clerk, justice of the peace, assessor, elerk of the school board, and secretary of Lanesboro Telephone Company, being one of the promoters of that company. He is also revisor in the Arendahl creamery, and owns stock in the Peterson elevator. In 1898 Mr. Ferguson married Regina Haugen, a teacher in Arendah] township, and their marriage has been blessed with fonr children, John Arthur, James Earl, Agne Janet and Mabel Catherine.

Andrew O. Boyum, successful business man of Peterson, was born in Arendahl township in 1876, son of Ole BE. Boyum. In the district schools of the township, the subject of this sketch began the rudiments of his education, which was supplemented with two years ip the Red Wing Seminary, and later a course at Breckenridge Academy, and finally he completed his studies with a business course at Jewell Business College. In 1900 Mr. Boyum eame to Peterson and entered the furniture business, which he disposed of two years later, then purchasing a dray line, which he operated for seven years. In 1909 he began buying and sell- ing grain and feed, and in this occupation he is engaged at the present time, being also associated with a monument firm, whose business interests he represents in Peterson. He has for many years held responsible positions in the township, being the present manager of the Peterson elevator, stockholder in the creamery, member of the council, clerk of school board and road overseer. On September 27, 1900, Annie, daughter of Andrew and Marie (Nesheim) Thompson, became the wife of Mr. Boyum, and they are the parents of Amy Muriel, Almira S., Orel A., Amos A., Elsie B., Rebecca L. and Olive M. The family attend the Hauge Lutheran Church, and are active workers for the support of that organization.

Jens N. Skarstad was born in Norway in 1839, son of Nels Peterson and Susie Iverson (Svedal} Peterson, natives of that country, who came to America in 1875. Jens, the subject of this biography, was educated in the common schools of Norway and came to the United States in 1861. Three years later he settled in Arendahl township and for some time Operated a farm owned by John Agrimson. This farm was wild land and required a great deal of arduous toil to prepare it for cultivation and the production of valuable crops. In 1864 Mr. Skarstad married Anna O. Boyum, daughter of Ole Erickson and Anna (Larson) Boyum. To this marriage a family of eleven children were born, of whom Ole is deceased; Susie married Iver A. Boyum; Annie is the wife of Lars J. Benston; Nelsina married Ole L. Berge and is deceased; Iver and. Carl are farmers; Julia is deceased; Ole Henry graduated from commercial course in Southern Minnesota Normal School at Austin in June, 1905, and died at the age of twenty-four years; John graduated from the same course in the same school in 1906; Alfred is a student in a veterinary college, Chicago. Mr. Skarstad now lives a retired life making his home with his son, John, in Peterson. He has long been affiliated with the Republican party and for three terms was a member of the school board. He owns stock in the Arendahl creamery and has various other business interests. He is a respected member of the Hauge Lutheran Church.

Christian J. Benston, a respected citizen of Arendahl township, was born where he now resides in 1870. His parents, John L. and Inga (Nelson) Benston, were born in Norway and there grew up, after which they immigrated to this country and located in Wisconsin, where they were married in 1856. Some time later, in 1864, they moved to Minnesota and located in Arendahl township, purchased a farm and there spent the remainder of their lives. The father died in 1905. Christian, the subject of this biography received a common school education and grew to manhood on the home farm, which he bought from his father in 1893. This valuable property is located in sections twenty-eight and thirty-three and comprises 288 acres. Mr. Benston makes a specialty of raising cattle of the Shorthorn type. In 1911 he was obliged to dispose of them all, owing to their being infected with a disease diagnosed as Hermorridge Septizema, which they had contraeted during shipment from Chicago. In connection with his cattle raising, Mr. Benston engages in general farming. He is a Republican in politics and has served as member of the town board, elerk of the school board for six years and road overseer for several terms, giving general satisfaction in all offices which he has occupied. He owns stock in the Arendahl creamery and has recently purchased from Jens Skarstad a home in the village of Peterson, where he spends his winters, working on the farm in summer. June 2, 1897, Mr. Benston married Julia Boyum, daughter of Ole E. and Anna Johnson (Langeteig) Boyum. To this marriage have been born two children, Orlando Joel, born February 2, 1901, and Agnes Irene, born June 10, 1904. The family are affiliated with the Hague Norwegian Lutheran ehurch.

Andreas P. Quamen was born at Eogen, Norway, in 1859, son of Peter Iverson and Syena (Nelson) Iverson. When the subject of this sketch was a boy of ten years, his parents crossed the ocean to America, in 1869. Their first home in this country was in Wisconsin, but after spending a year there, they came to Minnesota and took a farm in Arendahl township. Tere the father erected a log house, and eleared and broke his land, afterward carrying on general farming until his death, which oceurred in 1877. The subject of this sketch was educated partly in Norway and finished his schooling in this country, after which he devoted all his energies to working on the home farm. In 1882, he went to North Dakota, but remained there only a short time, after which he returned to his home in Arendahl township, and bought a farm, which comprised 240 acres, in section twenty-four. Mr. Quamen is engaged in general farming together with stockraising, being the owner of a Short Horn sire, ''Pride of Valley Grove.'' He disposes of about thirty head of cattle a year, and of about forty hogs, and keeps nine good horses for genera! farm use. He owns stock in the Arendahl] creamery and elevator and has various interests in different business enterprises. Having long been a staunch Republican, he has served in minor offices in the township, among which his term of office as road overseer may be included. Mr. Quamen is decidedly a self-made man and he often relates the story of his boyhood days, when for two years he carried water a mile and a half, twiee a day. In 1889, the family home caught fire and burned to the ground, as nothing was saved and there was no insuranee, it was a total loss, but the debt of several thousand dollars has long sinee been paid by Mr. Quamen. In 1883 Louisa Johnson became his wife, and their marriage has been blessed with nine children: Peder J., Charlie E., Emma S., Anna B., Betsy E., Louise, Andreas, Alma C. and Esther M. The family are members of the United Lutheran church.

Peter C, Peterson, a representative farmer residing in the township of Rushford, is of Norwegian birth and parentage. He was born November 3, 1861, son of Carl C. Peterson, who brought him to America in 1866, and to Rushford, where they settled on a farm. Mr. Peterson grew to manhood in this township, and attended the country school until sixteen years of age. He now owns the old homestead of 174 acres and keeps about 100 acres under the plow. He raises cattle and engages in dairying and carries on general, diversified farming. For the carrying on of his general farm work, he keeps four good horses. Mr. Peterson is affihated with the Republican party, but the many duties of the farm have prevented his taking an active part in the political affairs of the county, In 1904 he married Lena Struma of Houston county and they have four children: Carl, Edward, Osear and Gilbert, all of whom are at home. Mr. Peterson's father also makes his home with the subject of this biography. The family worship at the Rushford Lutheran chureh and eontribute to its support.