Portland, Oregon - History (part 16 of 18)

Mr. Klosterman possesses fine business abilities and has had a remarkably successful career. The management of his business has so thoroughly taken up his time and attention that he has had comparatively little time to devote to projedts outside the line in which he is engaged. Nevertheless he has made some fortunate real estate speculations, and is a member of the Oregon Fire and Marine Insurance Company and a diredtor in the City Board of Charities. He is regarded as one of Portland's trustworthy business men and one whose career already brilliant in its achievments, promises to be of still greater benefit to the city and State in the years to come.

NORTHUP, Henrv H, of Portland, was born in Berkshire, Massachusetts, February 27, 1839. His father was a farmer as were his ancestors for several generations. He attended the public schools, and when of sufficient age, which in those days was nine or ten years, was kept at home during the summer to assist in the work upon the farm. When he had reached the age of twelve years his father died, leaving, with slender property, a widow and three children of whom the subjedl of this sketch was the only son. From that time commenced a struggle for existence. His mother, a courageous and capable woman, descended from the Wilmarths, wished her son to follow some other vocation than that pursued by his father, and to this end was desirous that he should attend school and be educated. In this desire the boy shared. At the age of fourteen, that being before the era of public schools, he was sent to the Academy located in the town of Lenox, Berkshire, then the shire town of the count}', remaining two years. By working outside of school hours he paid for his board, while his mother, by her efforts supplied his other needs. It was while attending this school he first formed the idea of following the law for a profession, never communicating the thought, however, as it was the wish of his mother that he should become a physician.

At the age of sixteen he commeuced to teach, and for the next three years, he, in this wa}', provided, in the main, means for his own support and at the same time was enabled to attend school a sufficient period during each year so as to properly continue his education. At this time he was nearly prepared for college, and the question arose whether he should attempt a collegiate course, or be content with a less ambitious preparation for life. Some few }-ears prior to this, a State Normal school had been established at Westfield, in his native State, and was then in successful operation. It was finally decided that he should attend here, and not without regret did he relinquish the cherished thought of a more extended course of studv, a regret that, as he says, lingers with him to this day. Entering this institution in the spring term of 1858, he graduated upon his twenty-first birthday, in 1860, and immediately thereafter accepted a position as tutor in an institution known as the Western University, at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania.

At this time there was much written about the States bordering upon and beyond the Mississippi River. The Kansas excitement was at its height and there was a general desire to "go west." Following this popular feeling, the young teacher, at the close of the school year, and against the desire of those connected with the University, resigned his position and pushed on to the State of Missouri. It was his expectation to obtain a position in some institution of learning, but he soon found that the Normal teachers from the free State of Massachusetts, were not wanted at that time within the borders of that State, and he was compelled to seek the more congenial atmosphere of Iowa. Here he engaged in teaching, during the winter of 1860-61, in the town of Anamosa, and here he began the study of law, borrowing a "Blackstoue" from the office of a lawyer firiend, and spending his time in the office on Saturdays.

In April, 1861, at the close of the school year, he went to Dubuque, to engage as teacher in one of the public schools of that city. The attack on Fort Sumter had but recently occurred, and the first call for troops had just been made. The "Governor's Grays," a Dubuque militia company under the lead of Captain, afterward Major- General, Frank Herron, had volunteered. But many of the old members of the company could not go and recruits were wanted. The spirit of the times was inspiring. The young teacher entered the ranks; became a member of the First Iowa Infantry, and in a few weeks, under the leadership of General Lyon, was again in Missom-i, making the campaign of 1861 in that State, ending in the battle of Wilson's Creek, the death of General Lyon and the retreat of the Federal forces on Rolla.

The period of enlistment of the First Iowa having expired, Mr. Northup returned to his Eastern home, somewhat broken in health, resulting from the hardships of the campaign, the troops having been put into the field without overcoats, rubber blankets or even the regulation uniform, and having under the skillful generalship of Lyon, been vigorously thrown against the enemy wherever opportunity offered. Teaching a private school in the winter of 1861-62, in his native town, in the spring of the latter vear, he again entered the arm\-, having obtained the reluctant consent of his mother, remaining until the fall of 1863, when he resumed teaching and desultory reading of the law.

In March, 1865, he was appointed to a clerkship in the Government ser\-ice at Washington, and here, while attending to the duties of his position, resumed his legal studies, graduating from the Columbia College Law School in June, 1868, and being soon after admitted to the bar in the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia.

In May, 1871, Mr. Xorthup resigned his position at Washington and removed to Portland, Oregon, where he entered upon the pra(5tice of the law. Two years later a vacancy occiu-red in the office of Register of Bankruptcy for the Distridl of Oregon, and he was appointed to that position, and satisfaiftorily performed the duties of the oflice until the repeal of the bankrupt law in 1878. Since theu he has been engaged in a general practice, giving much attention to real estate and corporations. He is associated in business with Judge E. C. Bronaugh and the firm is in the enjoyment of an extensive praAice.

Mr. Northup has taken no active part in politics and has alwa3-s been known as an Independent Republican. In 1888, however, considering the importance of the election, he permitted his name to be used as a candidate for the House of Representatives in the Oregon Assembly from Multnomah county, and was eledted. He took a prominent part in the political campaign of that year, which residted in giving the largest Republican majority ever known in the State, and which did so much to forecast the presidential eledlion in November following.

Mr. Northup's legislative career was a very a<5tive one and met the approbation of his constituents. He was the introducer of the pilot bill, a measure intended to corre<5t the abuses in the pilotage system on the Columbia and Willamette Rivers; also of the Soldiers' Relief Bill, and had charge of the Consolidated Charter Bill for the consolidation of the cities of Portland, East Portland and Albina, a measure which passed the assembly but failed to become a law by reason of the Governor's veto. He also took an adlive part in the discussion on the "Portland Water Bill" and the bill to regulate the shipping of seamen.

As a lawyer Mr. Northup possesses a high order of talent and has achieved well merited success in every branch of practice. In corporation law he is particularly well versed, and of late years his practice has largely pertained to litigation growing out of the complicated and conflicting questions relating thereto A diligent student, his time aud attention have been exclusively devoted to his profession to the exclusion of conflicting interests, which united to his natural love for his calling and a worthy ambition to excel, best explain the success he has attained. He has in an eminent degree the qualities which distinguish the well read lawyer, thoroughly familiar with the principles and practices of the law, from the showy barrister who depends upon his own brillianc)- and finely worded appeals to passion or prejudice for success. He is practical and thorough in everrthing. He is not a brilliant speaker, but is noted for clearness of thought, concise perspicuity of expression and intense earnestness, qualities which have most weight in the Courts where simple wit or rhetoric are held in least esteem. His distinguishing traits as a lawyer are careful and thorough investigation of the law and fact of his cases and the methodical and accurate preparation of them for trial. In person he is of medium height and well proportioned, with pleasant features and keen, sparkling ejes. He is progressive in his ideas, has firm belief in the future of Portland and to the extent of his ability extends his aid to every project to advance and beautify the city. With a private and public life above reproach, a man of perfect integrity, of great sincerity of purpose and high sense of duty he possesses in a high degree the respect and confidence of his associates both in and out of his profession.

MORELAND, J. C, was born in the State of Tennessee, June 10, 18-)-4, and is the youngest of nine children of Rev. Jesse and Susan (Robertson) Moreland. His father, a well known and highly respected pioneer of Oregon, was a native of North Carolina, while his grandfather, on the maternal side, fought in the war of the Revolution; and two of his mother's brothers took part in the war of 1812, the elder of whom rose to the rank of a Brigadier-General under Jackson in the Creek war.

In 1S48, in view of the baleful influence of slavery, his father moved to Illinois with his family. Here they remained four years, at the end of which time they started westward for Oregon. After six months of weary journeying amid the perils and dangers incident to crossing the plains with ox-teams, they reached the Willamette Valley, toil worn and well nigh destitute. Settling on a donation land claim in the southern part of Clackamas County, the father began with brave heart to make a home in the then wilds of Oregon. Here the youth of our subject was passed, until the death of his mother in 1859, when the family removed to Needy. Shortly thereafter, in .\pril, 1860, he commenced to learn the printer's trade in the office of the Oregon Farmer, at Portland. After serving three years and a half he secured a position as printer on the Oregonian. While employed at his trade in Portland he attended, at intervals, the Portland Academy, supporting himself with the money he had earned at the case. His studies were, however, interrupted in 1864, by accepting the position of foreman under Henry L. Pittock, state printer at Salem. He nevertheless managed to devote a part of his time to acquiring an education and later on after a further term at school, graduated at the Portland Academy in July, 1865. He soon thereafter began the study of the law under the direction of David

Logan, and part of the time in Logan's ofl&ce. For some ten months, while reading law, he served as foreman on the Vancouver Register, supporting himself by this labor. In April, 1867, he was admitted to the bar in Washington Territory. He began pradlice in Boise City, Idaho, where, in July, of 1867, he was married to Miss Abbie B. Kline. Finding it impossible to gain a livelihood at his profession in Boise City, he secured a position at his trade on the Idaho Statesman, and was thus employed for a year.. In July, 1868, he returned to Portland and for a few months served as foreman of the Oregonian. He then formed a partnership with Hon. John F. Caples, attorney-at-law, and from that time has devoted himself to his profession acquiring as the years have gone by a constantly increasing practice, and an enviable reputation as a lawyer.

He has always been an enthusiastic Republican in politics, and from the time he took up his permanent residence in Portland has been a prominent factor in local political affairs. In 1872 he was eledled a member of the Common Council, and ser\'ed for three years. In 1877 he was appointed City Attorney, a position he held for five years, when he resigned. In 1885 he was appointed County Judge of Multnomah County, by Gov. Moody, to serve an unexpired term. In this position he served for five mouths, discharging the duties of the position with great fairness and to the satisfaction of both bar and people.

Mr. Moreland is quite an ardent Mason of the degree of Knight Templar, and has accepted various positions of prominence in the order, at present being Senior Grand Warden of the Grand Lodge of Oregon. In 1887 he was Grand Orator, and his oration at the ann ual meeting received flattering notices of commendation from the correspondents of the craft all over the LTnited States.

In all the relations of life Mr. Moreland is a true and worthy man. Under difficulties that would have discouraged or daunted many, he has achieved success. He is one of the best of our citizens, and is a high type of the professional man.

SMITH, Charles J., Manager of the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company, was bom in Nicholasville, Kentucky, March 13, 1854, and is the son of Charles F. and Z. A. (Jackson) Smith. His father was a merchant at Nicholasville for several years, but in 1857, removed to Kansas City, Missouri, where he died in 1877. In the latter city, the subjedl of this sketch was educated in a private school until he reached the age of fourteen, when he entered Blackburn University at Carlinville, Illinois, from which institution he graduated in 1870. After graduation he spent one year as a clerk in a real estate office in Kansas City. In August, 1871, he began his railroad career as store-keeper in the employ of the Missouri River, Fort Scott & Gulf railroad, now known as the Kansas City, Springfield & Memphis railroad, being thus employed for a year and a half This service was followed by a period of clerkship in the office of the Master Mechanic and as chief clerk of the motor power. He then spent three years as clerk in the auditor's office of the same road and of the Leavensworth, Lawrence & Galveston railroad, afterwards known as the Kansas City, Leavensworth & Southern. In 1878, he became aifting or assistant auditor of the Kansas City, Fort Scott & Gulf; Kan.sas City, Lawrence & Southern; .\tkinsou & Nebraska, and Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluff railroads, holding these various positions for two years, and during this period resided in Kansas City.

In July, 1880, he came to Portland when he was appointed assistant comptroller of the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company, and in Oftober following, was appointed to a similar position in the Oregon Improvement Company. In July, 1881, he became comptroller of these two companies, but owing to change of management in the latter company, he resigned the position in April, 1884, but retained the comptrollership in the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company until September, 18S6, when he was appointed treasurer with an office in New York City. In connedlion with the duties of this position, he also assumed those of assistant secretary and treasurer of the Oregon Transcontinental and the Oregon Improvement Company, of New York.

In March, 1888, he went to Omaha, Nebraska, and became General Land Commissioner of the Union Pacific railroad. He remained in this position until May, 1889, when he returned to Portland and assumed his present position as joint manager of the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company, and of the Oregon Short Line Railway Company, lessee.

Few men of his years have had so extensive an experience in the complicated duties of railway management as Mr. Smith. His advance to his present position, where thorough and exa(5t knowledge of innumerable details are necessary to secure success, has been of logical growth. He began in a subordinate position, worked hard to master every branch of the service, and every step forward prepared him for the next. Early in life he has attained to a position which would satisfy the ambition of most men, and which already places him among the prominent railroad men of the country. He possesses the executive ability, capacity for hard and continuous work, keen business sense and experience which admirably fit him for railroad management, and give promise of higher advancement. Personally he is pleasant and affable in manner, easily wins and holds friends, while his standing in the community as an honest and upright citizen is of the highest.

JEFFERY, Ed\v.\rd J.\mes, was bom in Oneida county, New York, April 23, 1835, and is of English descent, his parents having been born in England. During his infancy the family moved to Lenawee count}-, Michigan. Here he resided on a farm and obtained a limited education in the distriA school until the spring of 1852, when he started across the plains for the Pacific slope. In October following, after a journey of more than six months, he arrived at Placerville, California, where, until the following spring he engaged in mining. He then went to Stockton where he was employed in a brick yard for a season. In the fall he went to Tuolumne county, and worked in the mines until 1856, when he located in Shasta county, and for two years was engaged in farming.

Upon the breaking out of the Fraser River gold excitement in 1858, he started for that region, taking passage on the Cortez on the first trip made by that vessel from San Francisco to Bellingham Bay. From the latter point he followed a trail as far as Mount Baker, but beyond that point was unable to proceed further because of the absence of any well defined trail. Retiurniug to Bellingham Bay he then, with five companions, made a trip with a canoe up the Skagit River and all around the Sound, traversing a section of country at that time containing but few inhabitants, but now dotted with several large and populous cities. He finally ascended the Fraser as far as Fort Yale, and after an unsuccessful prospedling tour, returned to Bellingham Ba}' in a penniless condition - the fate of most of the early miners who started to the Fraser mines in search of the "golden fleece." By working his passage on the Gold Hunter he arrived in San Francisco, and for two years thereafter was employed in farming and brick making at Stockton.

In the spring of 1S62, he started for the Carriboo mines, in British Columbia, but on the way, while waiting at Vi(5loria, news was received of a rich gold find on the Stickeeu River, in the Russian Possession, near where Fort Wrangle is nowlocated Abandoning his original purpose he then started for the new field, and during the summer prospected along the Stickeeu, but it proved a fruitless task. He then returned to Fort Simpson and being without funds, hired out as a sailor on a Hudson Bay ship, and made a trip three hundred miles north of Sitka. Upon his return to Vidtoria, in November, he accepted anything in the way of work he could find to make a living. In the spring of 1863, he again started for the Carriboo mines. Working his way on a vessel to Fort Yale, he started from that point ou foot and walked a distance of four hundred miles to the mines, a journey through a comparatively uninhabited region and fraught with man}' hardships. He worked in the mines during the summer and in the fall returned to Portland, but the fascination for mining was still strong within him, and the following spring he went to the Boise Basin mines, Idaho. After spending the summer in unsuccessful prospecting, he came back to Portland and determined to abandon mining, which had proved in his case a most unprofitable pursuit. With only a few cents in his possession he began the struggles for a fortune in a less fascinating but more sure channel.

He first secured a position in a saw mill, where the Oregon c&. California railroad office is now located. A short time thereafter he became superintendent of the brick vard of A. M. Eldridge and was thus employed for two years. He then, in partnership with George Fagg, embarked in the brick business, establishing a yard between Yamhill and Morrison streets, where Donald Macleay now resides. During this time he married (August 8, 1867), Miss Mantilla King, daughter of Amos N. King, one of the earliest pioneers of Portland.

After his marriage Mr. Jeffer\- started a brick yard on the premises where his present residence is situated, on Nineteenth and B streets. Here he continued the making of brick until 1876, when he removed his yard to the corner of Twenty-third and J streets. At the latter place he remained until the fall of 1886 when he commenced making brick at his present location in East Portland on the vSandy road. His business in this line has grown to large proportions, and during the last two years he has averaged over five and a half million bricks annually. Besides his brick business, he has of late years been extensively engaged in city and railroad contra<5ting. For a time he was associated with S. S. Cook, under the firm name of S. S. Cook & Co., in macadamizing and street paving. This firm was succeeded by the present firm of Bays & Jeffery. They have done a large portion of the macadamizing on the streets of Portland and laid the stone block pavement on Front and First street. With S. S. Cook, under the firm name of E. J. Jeffery & Co., he built in 1882, the Grave Creek Tunnel and 1800 feet of the Cow Creek Tunnel No. 8, for the Oregon & California railroad. Late in the fall of 1883, with D. D. McBean, he commenced the Siskij'ou Tunnel for the same road, but the failure of Villard, after two-thirds of the work was completed, caused the work to be suspended. The last of his city contradting consisted in the coustrucliou of the Tanner Creek brick sewer extending from Washington street and emptying into the river near the Albina ferry, and the Johnson Creek sewer, commencing at the City Park and extending a mile and three-quarters to the bone yard. He is also interested in the Arlington Silver mine in the Rub\- distriift, Washington Territory, being one of the organizers of the company which is now eredting a plant to reduce the ore. He was also one of the organizers and builders of the Multnomah Street Railway line.

Mr. Jeffery is a democrat and for tnan}- jears has taken an active part in local and State politics. In 1872, when there was much dissatisfaction among the members of both political parties in Multnomah County with the political leaders, Mr. Jeffery was nominated as the citizens candidate for sheriff and elected. His discharge of the duties of this office was so satisfactory, that two years later, when he was nominated as the regular democratic candidate, he was again elected. He has since been his party's candidate for State Senator and for Sheriff, accepting the nominations at the urgent solicitation of his friends when the republicans were largely in the majority and there was little hope of success. During the presidential election of 188S he was Chairman of the Democratic State Central Committee and in this campaign as well as in preceding ones was an earnest worker for his party.

Mr. Jeffery is an active factor in Portland's prosperity and takes a lively interest in everything calculated to advance the public good. He was one of the organizers of the North Pacific Industrial Association; is a large stockholder in the enterprise, a director and its treasurer. The recent Industrial Fair held by the association was the largest and most successful exhibition ever held on the Pacific Coast, and toward the gratifying success attained Mr. Jeffery in large measure contributed. He is a man of fine business attainments and in all of his enterprises has achieved a high degree of success, while a; a citizen he deservedly holds an honorable position in the community.

THOMPSON, H. Y., was born at Senecaville, Guernsey county, Ohio, June -t, 1845. He was favored with a liberal education in the public and high schools of his native town. With the hope of improving his health, which had become impaired, in 1862, he undertook a trip across the plains and during the winter of 1862-3 was engaged in mining in Auburn, Baker County, Oregon. In the spring of 1863 he went to Idaho City and for three years carried on his mining operations at that place. His health not improving, he determined to try the climate of the valley region of Oregon and in 1866 came to Salem. He soon after obtained a position as a teacher in a school near Silverton, Marion County, at which time he began the study of law, having made arrangements with Shaw & Holman, attorneys of Salem, for the loan of the necessary books. He continued to teach and at the same time pursued his legal studies for one year near Silverton, when he secured a position in the city school of Salem, where he taught and read law for another year. He was then admitted to the bar and commenced the practice of his profession at

Salem in partnership with Sylvester C. Simpson. At this time, the Recorder of Salem having resigned, Mr. Thompson was appointed for the unexpired term and was afterward elected by the people for three successive terms.

Before the expiration of his last term he determined to remove to Portland for the purpose of practicing his profession. He accordingly resigned his position and came to this city in 1870. For a time he was in partnership with C. B. Bellinger, but in 1872 became associated with Geo. H. Durham, then Prosecuting Attorne}- for this district. He became Mr. Durham's deputy and together they transacted the business of the office. In 1874 Mr. Thompson was elected Prosecuting Attorney of the district - at that time comprising Multnomah, Washington, Columbia, Clatsop and Clackamas Counties, and for a term of two years most ablj' and efficiently performed the duties pertaining to the office. In 1876 W. Lair Hill became associated as partner with Mr. Thompson and Mr. Durham, and subsequently Geo. H. Williams was added to the firm. The four partners remained together until the spring of 1886 when the firm was dissolved, and since that time Mr. Thompson has pursued practice alone. He is a lawyer of conceded ability and has long held a prominent place among the most successful lawyers of Oregon. As an advocate he has made an enviable record and in some of the most notable criminal trials which have occurred in this section during recent years he has borne a conspicuous part as prosecutor or defender. As a speaker he is widely and most favorably known. He was engaged in a general practice until about a year ago and since that time he has devoted his attention almost exclusively to practice pertaining to corporations and real estate. He is attorney for the Oregon Real Estate Companv. Fair Haven and Southern and New Westminster and Southern Railroad Companies, the Skagit Coal and Iron Company and the Fair Haven Laud Company.

Mr. Thompson has always been an enthusiastic republican; has taken an active part in State political affairs, and has long been regarded as an able leader. He has never been a seeker after office, but whenever called upon has devoted his time and energies to the service of his party without being moved by personal interest or expectation of reward. He has delivered political addresses in different parts of the State and as an effective political speaker has few superiors. That his services in this regard as well as his conceded ability as an organizer have been potent factors in achieving party victories in Oregon is freely acknowledged.

Mr. Thompson was married in April, 1871 to Miss Anna B. Smith, daughter of the late Hon. Joseph S. Smith, an estimable lad}', who with her husband deserved!)- holds a high place in the social life of Portland. They have three children. Mr. Thompson is a man of refined and cultivated tastes, but unpretentious and utterly devoid of auj' desire for display. He is genial in manner, a popular citizen and is held in high esteem both in and out of his profession.

WOODWARD,'JOHN Henry, was born at Peach Orchard in the town of Tompkins (now Hedlor), Schuyler County, New York, February 9, 1836, and is the eldest son of John Woodward, who, with his father's family came to America from London, England, in 1824, settling on a large farm in what was then comparatively a wilderness on the banks of Seneca Lake, New York, where piembers of the family still reside.

Mr. Woodward received his primary education at the county distriA school. Later on he attended an academy at Peach Orchard under the management of John A. Gillette and was finall)- prepared for college at the Ithaca Academy, Ithaca, New York, having as classmates Eugene Schuyler, Wm. L. Bostwick, and others who have since become men of note. During his school days young Woodward was a leader in athletic and outdoor sports, and is still remembered by his schoolmates for his proficiency in feats requiring muscle and physicial endurance. The rugged health he still enjoys, the elasticity of movement and splendid physical condition which now belie the years he has lived may be largely ascribed to his youthful love for physical exercise.

After completing his preparations for a collegiate course he commenced the study of law in the office of Douglas Boardman, since Judge of the Supreme Court of New York State. A year later he went to Elmira, New York, and there continued his legal studies with the firm of Diven, Hathaway & Woods, and in May, 1860, was admitted to the bar. In the following fall he opened an office at Watkins, New York, where he speedily acquired a good pracflice, but the progress of his professional life was soon interrupted. In the latter part of February, 1861, before the inauguration of President Lincoln, in anticipation of the troubles which followed, he assisted in the organization of a company of young men who were to be readj' for any emergency. This company became the nucleus of the 23d Regiment N. \'. Infantry, and was known as Company "I." The organization of the regiment iu which Mr. Woodward materially assisted, both in conne(flion with company " I " and other companies, was perfected at the time of President Lincoln's first call for 75,000 volunteers. In company "I," as iu other companies, were men who had been at the West Point Military Academy, and they were naturally selected as officers of the company and regiment. The regiment entered the service of the United States under the command of Col. H. C. Hoffman, Mr. Woodward at the time being a private in company"!." He served in that capacity until August, 1861, when he received from President Lincoln a general staff appointment with the rank of captain, and was assigned for duty at Headquarters of the Army of the Potomac. On the movement of the Array of the Potomic to the Peninsular, early in the spring of 1862, he became counefted with the general staff of the Army of the Rappahannock under the command of Gen. McDowell. He remained with Gen. McDowell until immediately after the battle of Yorktowu when he was ordered to the Headquarters of the Army of the Potomac under Gen. McClellan at Yorktown, continuing at those Headquarters and at the supply posts of the army throughout the Peninsular campaign, ending with the battle of Malvern Hill, the final retreat at Harrison Landing and the evacuation immediately before Gen. Pope's unfortunate campaign.

During this period Captain Woodward was offered staff positions by corps commanders with increased rank, but so highly did Gen. McClellan value his services that he would not consent to the change. As proof of Gen. McClellan's estimation of his soldierly qualities it need only be stated that in his report of the Peninsular campaign, he mentions Captain Woodward by name as one of the staff who had rendered efficient and valuable service in that trying and arduous campaign.

On the evacuation of Harrison's Landing, Captain Woodward was appointed to superintend the shipments and all details of the evacuation. He continued on duty at the Headquarters of the Army of the Potomac during the brief but disastrous cam- paign of Gen. Pope; the hurried but thorough reorganization of the army by Geu. McClellan, rapid march and vigorous delivery of battle at South Mountain and Autietam, and until Gen. Grant assumed command of the "armies operating against Richmond." From the latter event until the close of the war he served with the general staff of that general's command. In June, 1865, he was breveted major " for faithful and meritorious services."

After the grand rexdew of the army in Washington at the close of the war, he resigned his commission and returned to Watkins, New York, where he resumed the praAice of the law. Here he continued with marked success until the spring of 1871 , when he came to Portland, where he has ever since resided. He at once took a prominent place among the practitioners at the Portland bar, a position he has not only most creditably sustained, but has gained a reputation for professional ability of a high order throughout the Pacific Northwest.

In the spring of 1874 he was a candidate before the State Republican Convention forjudge of the Supreme Court and lacked onh- one vote of a nomination. During the same j^ear he was nominated by the Republican Convention for County Judge of Multnomah Count)', and was not only eledled but ran far ahead of his ticket. He held the office of Count)- Judge for four years, his discharge of the duties of the position being eminently satisfaftory to the people, and notably so in reference to the reforms he effecfled in the management of county finances.

He is an ardent Republican in politics and has always voted with his party, notwithstanding his objecftton to some particular methods. By appointment of the United States Circuit Court he is now serving as one of the Commissioners of the Circuit Court of the United States for the District of Oregon and Chief Supervisor of Elections for the District of Oregon. With the exceptions named he has never been a candidate for public office, and never for a position not strictly in the line of his profession. His whole time and attention have been devoted to his profession, and the high degree of success he has attained has been the result of patient, persevering work and the possession and exercise of those manly qualities which inspire confidence and command respect.

He was married, Februarj- 23, 1863, to Miss Anna M. Whitaker, daughter of Lewis Whitaker, of Deckertown, New Jersey, having been granted a brief leave of absence from military duty at the time. Mr. Woodward and family are members of Trinity Episcopal Church.

COULTER, Samuei,, was born in Tyler county, Virginia, August 20, 1832, and is a son of Samuel and Sarah (Rodes) Coulter. His father's parents were natives of Wales and at an early da)- settled in Virginia, while his maternal ancestors came from England. At the age of four years he lost his father and soon thereafter the family moved to Van Buren county, Iowa. When he reached the age of twelve his mother died, after which he went to live with his half brother, Capt. B. L. Henness, who now resides near Mt. Tabor, Oregon, who kindly offered him a home and such educational advantages as the place afforded.

In 1850 he drove an ox team across the plains to Oregon, arri\'ing at Oregon City on the 12th of September, 1850, his entire possession at the time outside of a scanty wardrobe being two dollars in money. But he was not discouraged and soon after his arrival he secured emplo3-ment and in April, 1851, was able with six others to purchase a wagou and sis yoke of oxen and complete outfit for the mines, it being reported at the time that good mines had been discovered near Yreka, California. The excitement caused by the discovery of gold in California was then most intense, and j-oung Coulter determined to try his fortune in this direction. His mining venture was rewarded with a fair degree of success but after one season's experience he returned to Oregon and engaged in lumbering, followiug this business for a year. He then went to Olympia, Washington Territory, when that part of the country was only accessible by canoe up the Cowlitz River or trail along its banks. Here he took up a claim mder the donation act upon which he resided and cultivated for some five )-ears. During this time he married Miss H. E. Tilley, eldest daughter of Judge Abram Tilley, formerly of Indianapolis, Indiana. Soon after his marriage he engaged in the cattle business, which he followed until 1877, when he closed it out and moved to Portland. lu 1878, he and C. P. Church purchased the land and built the Esmond Hotel, and the year following in company with James Steel and D. D. McBean he constructed a section of the Northern Pacific railroad from Chany to Spokane Falls. In 1881 he agaiu embarked in the wholesale cattle business with Seattle as headquarters and with branches at Tacoma and Port Townsend. lu 1884 the Esmond Hotel burned, after which he purchased Mr. Church's interest in the property and rebuilt it. He retired from the cattle business in 1886, since which he has confined himself to his extensive real estate and mining interests.

He was one of the organizers of the Northwest Coal and Transportation corapau)', of which he has since been president. This company owns and is operatiug mines along the line of the Northern Pacific railroad near Tacoma. He, with his two sous, organized the Washington Lumber company, which has built a line of railroad from timber lands to salt water on Puget Sound. He is also president and principal owner of the Takou gold miues near Juneau, Alaska. Besides these interests he is a large owner of real estate in Portland, and of many thousands of acres of valuable timber lands in Oregon and Washington. In the management of his large interests he finds his time fulh- occupied and has little opportunity to engage in enterprises not conne(5ted with his private aifairs.

To Mr. Coulter and wife three sous have been born, two of whom are living. The eldest, Clarence W., is manager of the Takou Milling and Mining Company, of Alaska, and the other, Alvah S., is also connefted with this company. Both sons are also associated with their father in the Washington Lumber Company. His second son Esmond, after whom the Esmond Hotel was named, died at an early age.

Mr. Coulter is a republican in politics, but takes no aftive part in political affairs. While he resided in Washington Territory, he was, however, appointed b}' President Grant internal revenue colleftor for the territory and held the position for four years. Beyond this office he has never held political position and has no incliuation in this diredtion. In all of his business career he has shown rare good judgment and has accumulated a large fortune. He is couseri-ative in his ideas; is a man of strong convidtions and when he determines upon a course of aflion is not easily turned aside until the end he has in view has been reached. Coming to this portion of the Union a mere boy in years, he has grown with its growth and is now one of the oldest of the pioneers in acSlive business life in Oregon. He has ever maintained an unsullied record as a business man, while his life in every way has been exemplary and above reproach.

He is social and geuial in nature and deservedly popular with all who know him. A man of naturally rugged constitution, he is still remarkably acflive and in vigorous health. He is in the best sense of the term a self-made man and is a representative of the best type that our pioneer times have produced.

^IJIBERG, Charles M., was born in Norkopiug, Sweden, in 1820. His youth V I and early manhood were passed in different parts of his native land, engaging in various occupations until lie became an apprentice at the shoemakers' trade. After acquiring his trade he, in 1841, went to London, where he was employed for nearly three years. He then came to the United States, landing in New York in 1843. From that time until 1850, he worked at his trade in New Milford, Connedlicut, New Y'ork City, Milwaukee and Janesville, Wisconsin, and New Orleans, Louisiana. In 1850, he started in Inisiness for himself at Milwaukee, but had only gotten fairly underway when he was burnt out by the great fire of 1851. With his entire capital destroyed and several hundred dollars in debt, he determined to seek a new home in Oregon, and in 1852, he started for Portland via the Isthmus of Panama, arriving here July 6, 1852. For a short time after his arrival he worked at his trade, but in December, 1852, opened a boot and shoe store, the first in this line of trade ever started in Portland. He began on a small scale, but fortune favored him and iu a short time he was doing a prosperous business. The first money he could spare from his business he used in paying the indebtedness he had incurred at Milwaukee, paj-ing not only the full amount he owed there but interest on it from the time it was contracted until paid. This debt he could have settled at a great reduction, but he refused all offers of compromise, insisting on paying in the manner he did. This incident illustrates his innate sense of honor and honesty which throughout his long commercial career has ever been so conspicuously exhibited. For several years Mr. Wiberg conducted his business alone, but in 1860, J. A. Strowbridge became a partner under the firm name of Wiberg & Strowbridge. In 1864, a wholesale business was begun in connexion with their retail trade, and leather and twining were added to their stock. A high degree of success followed their exertions in this line of trade and a large business was built up. In 1869, they sold out the boot and shoe business to Kramer & Kaufman. For some time thereafter, Mr. Wiberg in connection with Mr. Strowbridge continued iu the leather and finding business, but he finally sold out and for a few years led a retired life. He then started again in the boot and shoe business and for a time John Kernan was associated with him under the firm name of Wiberg & Kernan. The latter sold his interest to A. M. Hollabaugh in 1SS2, since which time the firm has been Wiberg & Hollabaugh.

Mr. Wiberg has been interested in various other enterprises outside of his regular line of trade. He was one of the original promoters and stockholders in the Willamette Iron Bridge Company, the Merchants National Bank and the Pacific Insurance Company. He has also been a large operator in real estate, and still owns valuable property in and near the city. Coming to Portland at an early day he has seen all the mar\-elous changes which have occurred in this portion of the northwest, and is now one of the oldest merchants in the city. His reputation as a business man has been of the highest. The rewards of his honorable business career have been a large fortune and the deserved esteem of all who know him.

He was married, in 1858, to Miss P. Ingram, of Portland. They have had nine children, eight of whom are living. Their eldest son, Charles Edwin, died recently at the age of twentv-six.

THERKELSEN, Laurits Walse, was born in Denmark, twelve miles east of Copenhagen, in 1842. He had limited educational advantages and early in life became apprenticed to the carpenter's trade, at which he worked in his native town until he arrived at the age of eighteen years when he came to America, and, in 1861, landed in San Francisco. Here for the next ten years he followed his trade with the exception of one year at San Jose, when he engaged in contradling. In 1871, he came to Portland and for ten years following was largely engaged in contracting and building in the city and \-icinity. During this period he erected Triuitj' church. Bank of British Columbia, First National Bank, Bishop Scott Grammar School, United States Government building at Vancouver, woolen fa<ftory at Oregon City, Centennial Block, part of Union Block and hundreds of private residences and other business blocks. From the first his business assumed large magnitude and he not only soon became the largest contractor in the city, but his operations were nearly equal to all of the other builders combined.

In 1881, he made an extended trip to Europe with his family, and after an absence of several months returned to Portland and organized the North Pacific Lumber Company. The progress of this company has been remarkable. The mill was started with a capacity of about 25,000 feet of lumber per day, while its present output is 110,000 feet. The annual business of the company, requiring the employment of 250 men, reaches a sum of |500, 000 annually and is the second largest concern of its kind in Oregon. A general wholesale lumber business is conducted and the shipments extend as far East as Chicago. Mr. Therkelsen has been vice-president and manager of the company from the start aud its gratifying success is almost wholly due to his sagacious supervision.

Mr. Therkelsen is an enthusiastic republican in politics, but has no desire for political office. He was, however, eledled a member of the lower house in the State legislature for Multnomah county, in ISS-t, and during his term labored assiduously for the a.& creating the Portland water commission, in which he, with fifteen others were named as members. Since the bill became a law, the commissioners have purchased the old water supply system and have increased its capacity and usefulness but have now under headway plans for the ere<5tion of new works, such as the commissioners were empowered by the adl to constmcT;. In 1887, Mr. Therkelsen was eledted school direcflor in DistriA No. 1, but with the two exceptions named he has steadfastly refused to take an active part in local, city or county political affairs. His own private business affairs engross his entire time and attention and this alone would prevent his participation in politics even had he the taste or inclination.

He was married in 1869 to Miss Maggie Pugh, of San Francisco. They have had seven children, three of whom are now living. He and his wife are members of Trinity Episcopal church.

Mr. Therkelsen has always been a hard worker, and has the constitution and physical vigor which permit of continued exertion with little apparent fatigue. All of his ventures have proven highly successful and he has accumulated a handsome fortune. He possesses good business judgment, is conservative rather than bold in his operations, and carefully works out his plans. He is a large owner of real estate in Portland and his operations in this line have exhibited sagacious foresight which have largely added to his financial fortune. He is a firm believer in Portland's future greatness and is ever ready to contribute his share to the general prosperity of the city. His business standing is of the highest, while he is held in deserved respeifl as a man of unblemished public and private life.

NOON, Wii.Li.\M C, was born iu Leicester, England, in 1835. .\t the age of nine years he came with his parents to America, settling in Andover, Massachusetts, where his father found employment at his trade in a woolen mill. He received the benefits of a common school education until thirteen years old when he began to work in a woolen mill at .\ndover. He was employed for several years thereafter in similar mills at Lawrence and Worcester, Massachusetts, and for some three or four years in the State of Maine. During this period he acquired a verjthorough knowledge of the business and became very proficient, especially' in carding and spinning.

The memorable financial depression of 1857 was particularly severe on the eastern woolen manufaiflurers and all of them were either forced to suspend operation or continue their business on the mo3t limited scale. Nearly all the weavers in the Eastern States were thrown out of emplo3-ment. Mr. Noon not being able to secure work at his trade sought new avenues in which he might gain a livelihood. At this time the discoveries of gold in California were attradtiug immigration from all parts of the country, and in the spring of 1858 Mr. Noon started for the Pacific Coast, at the time having only sufficient money to pay his fare. He arrived in California via Isthmus of Panama, in the spring of 1858, and from that time until the spring of 1861, was engaged in mining and ranching on the American River. In the latter business he was particularl}- unfortunate, the great flood in the spring of 1861 destroj-ing his entire herd of stock which he had gained at the end of three years of the hardest kind of toil. He was thus reduced to the same financial condition iu which he had come into the State, .\fter working a sufficient time to gain the necessary money to pay his fare to Oregon, he left California, and in Februar\-, 1862 arrived in Portland. The woolen mills at Salem had then been in operation but a short time, and here he soon after obtained emploj-ment. He remained iu Salem until the fall of 1863, when he went to the Salmon River mines, and for four succeeding seasons was engaged in mining, during the winter being employed in the Oregon City mills.

In 1869 Mr. Noon came to Portland and entered the employ of J. W. Cook, a bag, tent and awning manufacturer. This branch of business was couducfted at this time on a very limited scale in Portland, but Mr. Noon, with his practical experience with machinery- and his knowledge of cloth manufadluring, saw its possibilities if properly managed. In 1873 he purchased Mr. Cook's interest in the business and under his management it has grown to be one of the largest manufacturing enterprises iu the State. For eleven years Mr. Noon conducted the business very successfully alone, but since, it has been operated by the firm of W. C. Noon & Co. Their facftory is the oldest of its kind in the citj- and its capacity is now more than all the other similar fadlories in the northwest. It gives employment to seventy persons and is equipped with the most expensive and latest improved machinery of every description. The building occupied by the firm stands on the corner of First and C streets, is four stories high and one of the most substantial pieces of architeAure in the city. The four floors and basement are occupied, and every facility is offorded for making the lightest summer oiling cover to the heaviest canvas for the largest public gathering, besides sails of all sizes and weight. Year by year their trade has extended until at the present time they not only supply the field of Oregon, Wasliington and Idaho, but also sell largely in British Columbia, Alaska, Montana and Utah.

The building up of this large business within comparatively a few years has almost solely devolved upon Mr. Noon. He has been, and is still, the pradtical business head of the concern, and it has been almost entirely owing to his exertions that such a high degp-ee of success has been attained. He has not only had many years experience in this line of work but possesses a high order of mechanical ability. These requisites, added to constant and unflaging industry and honorable business methods, explain the develomeut of an enterprise which has grown to be an inportant factor in Portland's material prosperity.

Mr. Noon has been a consistent member of Grace Methodist Church for many years, and is oue of its trustees. He was married in 1867 to Adeline Good, of Oregon Cit)-, who died in 1870, two children having been born to them. Mr. Noon's present wife was Miss Emih- Southard of Norwich, Connecticut. They have had four children of whom three are living. In all that relates to Portland's growth and prosperit}-, during nearly two decades, Mr. Noon has borne a part of far-reaching influence. His labors have contributed to the now well recognized and acknowledged commercial supremac}' secured by Portland over a wide territory, and it is largel}- owing to the efforts pvit forth by men such as Mr. Noon that the citj' will continue to hold the bulk of trade of the Pacific Northwest.

ZAN, Fr.\nk, the subject of this sketch, is of Slavonic descent and was born in 1851 in Stavigrard, Dalmatia, while that count}' was under Austrian rule. After completing his education in the public school of his native town, he was admitted to the Convent of the Dominican Fathers, with the intention of becoming one of their order. After studying theology for nearly two years at that school, he concluded to abandon the idea of devoting his life to ministerial work; and not wishing to be drafted into military service, to which duty every young man is subject in that country, tut desiring to become a sea faring man, he accordingly arranged matters with a sea captain to ship with him for nautical instruction. For nearly a year he followed the sea, but finding such vocation too monotonous for his naturally energetic nature, upon reaching the port of New York he bid farewell to the life of a sailor and started out to try his fortune in the "land of the free." From New York shortly after landing, he came to San Francisco where his older brother, M. Zan, his present partner, was then located engaged in business.

After living in San Francisco a short time he came to Portland in 1870, at that time being but nineteen years of age, to take charge of a branch house in the broom manufacturing business, started i u this city a year prior by two brothers, Vincent and George Zan. Business at this time was not very encouraging and the two brothers named sold out the Portland branch to the present firm of Zan Brothers (M. and Frank Zan). The management of the business in Portland was entrusted to Frank Zau and under his charge a high degree of success was attained. Ai the end of a few years it had grown to such magnitude that his older brother moved to this cit}', and two years later they dissolved with their San Francisco partner, he taking the California business and Zan Brothers the house in this cit)-. Since that date Portland has been the headquarters of their business.

From a small and unpretentious beginning their business has grown to large proportions and to-day occupies a conspicuous position in the industrial life of the Pacific Northwest. Two manufacturing establishments are constantly operated by the firm, a wooden-ware factory located on the east bank of the Willamette River about four miles north of the city, and a broom and willow-ware factory at No. 14 North Front street. These factories are the largest of their kind on the coast. Portland is the supph' depot of three branch houses of the firm located at San Francisco, Seattle and Melbourne, Australia. Goods are shipped all over the coast from Los .\ngeles on the south to .\laska on the north and as far east as Salt Lake and Denver, while their trade is gradually extending even farther eastward and toward the south.

The building up of this large business within a comparatively few years represents on the part of the members of this enterprising firm not onl}' untiring energv but united and harmonious co-operation and sagaciovis business generalship. Both brothers have been indefatigable in their exertion, and each has contributed his full share toward the success attained, the work of the one admirably supplementing that of the other.

Mr. Frank Zau has traveled extensively in the interest of the firm and has visited every important business center iu the United States. His varied experience has naturalh' broadened his views and liberalized his ideas concerning men and affairs. He is enthusiastic in his belief concerning the ultimate destiu}- of the Pacific Coast as a great commercial, manufacturing and agricultural region and iu his individual capacity is doing much to hasten the time when this part of the Union will rival the Atlantic States in wealth creating enterprises. He is public spirited but extremely modest and retiring in his disposition and seeks to avoid rather than court positions snch as would place him before the public. He is a hard worker, a man of exemplary habits and possesses the knowledge and experience which with his vigorous health give promise of still greater achievements in the j-ears to come.

HENRICHSEN, L.'VRS C, wholesale and retail jeweler, of Portland, was born in Denmark, in 1839. His father was a farmer and he remained at home on the farm until he had reached the age of fifteen years when he went to Apenrade, town of Schleswig, Denmark, to learn the trade of a watchmaker, where he remained for six years. In 1860, he emigrated to .America and located in Portland, and after working a short time at his trade, removed to Vancouver where he remained a little more than a year, when he again came to Portlaud where he has ever since resided.

Upon his return to Portland he secured employment with Jacob Cohu, then located on Front street. A few years later, with Gustave Hanson, he purchased his employer's business and under the firm name of L. C. Henrichsen & Co., continued business on Front street, but about tweuty years ago removed to First street. Mr. Hanson remained in the firm but three years, and from that time until 1879, Mr. Henrichsen was alone. In 1879, S. H. Greenberg became a partner and was associated with Mr. Henrichsen for seven years, since which the latter has continued the business alone.

Mr. Henrichsen is not only a dealer in but a manufacturer of jewelrv, both for a retail and a wholesale trade, and is tlie leader iu this branch of business in Portland, his trade extending over the entire State. This large business has been built up by honorable dealing, by hard and persistent work and the exercise of excellent business sagacity. He is recognized in this community as a man of the highest integrity and has the perfect confidence of the business public.

He was married in 1867, to Miss Hannah Winter, a native of Denmark. They have three children and one of the most pleasant homes on Lownsdale street. Mr. Henrichsen is a member of the Episcopal Church and of the Masonic order, being a member of the order of Scottish Rite. At the present time he is the oldest jeweler in business in Portland, and his connection with Portland's growth and progress has been in every way creditable to himself and beneficial to the cit)'.

llf OODWARD, Tyler, was born iu Hartland, Windsor county, Vermont, in 1835, V - and is of Puritan descent. His grandfather fought in the war of the revolution, while his father, Erastus Woodward, participated in the war of 1812. He was educated in the common schools and the academies at Kimball, Union and Meriden, New Hampshire, and Thilford, Vermont. When he reached his majorit}', he taught school in his native town for one term during the winter. He lived at home until 1860, when he came to Marysville, California, and for one year served as clerk in a hotel of which his brother was proprietor. In the summer of 1861, he went to Washoe count)-, at the time the gold excitement had broken out in that region. Here for some mouths he was interested in a saw mill, located on the Truckee river, at the foot of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, where the Central Pacific railroad starts up the mountains. In the spring of 1862, he sold out and came to Oregon, spending the summer prospecting and mining in the vicinity of the Florence mines. The following winter he clerked in a store in John Day's mines, where Canyon City is now located. He then located at Umatilla and for several months was engaged in stock feeding.

In the spring of 1864, he purchased a stock of goods consisting of general merchandising and miners' supplies; chartered a train and started for Stinking Water mines in Montana. He joined forces with a train in which L. H. Wakefield was interested, and together the}- started on the long and toilsome journey which was beset with unusual dangers and hardships. They arrived in Hell Gate, or Bitter Root Valley in July and here started business in a house built by John Grant, chief agent of the Hudson Bay Company, near where Missoula is now located. For four years a successful business was conducted under the firm name of Woodward, Clement &

Co. Clement then sold his interest to the other partners and the firm became known as Woodward & Wakefield. Supplies were purchased in Portland and Mr. Woodward during the following six years made frequent trips to our cit\' and became thoroughly acquainted with the citj-'s business men of that da}-. Besides merchandising Mr. Woodward was engaged in farming and stock raising during this period and most substantial success followed his efforts in all three directions. In 1870, he sold out his interest in Hell Gate, with a view of locating in Portland, thoroughly convinced at this early day of the city's ultimate destiny as the commercial centre of this portion of the Pacific Northwest. Mr. Woodward's journey from Hell Gate after closing out his business there, for a distance of some three hundred miles was one he will always have cause to remember. The country at this time was without safeguards against lawlessness and was peopled by man)- desperate characters. Taking with him all of the money he had accumulated, amounting to some thirty thousand dollars, he started alone on horseback, but had not proceeded far before he was pursued by highwaymen, whom he knew only waited for a convenient opportunity to rob him. Years of residence among the rough characters who infested mining camps made him fully aware of the dangers of his situation. It was simply a question of endurance and strategy between himself and pursuers, and it was only by constant watchfulness and knowledge of the country that he was enabled to elude them. Until he reached vSpokane Falls he was followed and had he been overtaken he would have lost his mone}- and, without doubt, his life.

.\fter his arrival in Portland, Mr. Woodward made a trip to his old Eastern home, but he soon returned and has since made his residence here. He immediately invested largel)' in real estate, and b;came a member of the real estate firm of Parrish, Atkinson & Woodward. His operations were rewarded with success, although at the time he was considered by many as engaged in a hazardous business. He had unlimited faith in the city's advance and he backed his judgment with money and reaped a rich harvest. His speculations in real estate have been continued up to the present and he is now largel)' interested in cit)- and suburban property.

He was one of the organizers and incorporators of the Trans-Continental Street Railway and for several years has been its president. He was also one of the first promoters and stock holders in the Walla Walla railroad, and has been interested in several other minor business ventures, but the street railway and his real estate operations have absorbed most of his time and attention.

Since the birth of the i-epublican party, he has been a zealous republican, casting his first vote for Gen. John C. Fremont. While in Montana, he was almost the only active republican in Missoula county and did much to keep up the party organization. He served as postmaster of Hell Gate and at that time was perhaps the only republican official in Montana Territor}-. Since residing in Portland he has served one term as county commissioner and is now serving his second term as member of the city council. While strong in his political faith and a zealous supporter of his party he has never been an aspirant for political office, having decided repugnance for the usual methods employed to gain political power.

He was married November 8, 1872, to Miss Mary J. Ross, a native of Portland and a daughter of Sherry Ross, an early Oregon pioneer. To them one child, a daughter, has been born.

Mr. Woodward's chara<?ler was developed amid the surroundings of a newly settled country, where men are called upon to a& quickly and independently and to rely wholly upon themselves. This has made him strongl}- self reliant and independent in nature. In all that he does he is governed by his judgment and is influenced but little by the actions of others. He is reserved in manner, but is warm in his friendships, and steadfastly loyal to all whom he trusts with his confidences. He has been very successful iu business, possesses excellent business habits and ju<lgment, and is a good type of that class of men who have made the Pacific side of our continent all that it is; possessing in large measure that same unconquerable, enterprising spirit which will mike it a worthy rival of the Atlantic sea board.

^1ARQUAM, Hon. P. A., was born near Baltimore, Maryland, February 2S, 1823, 1 and is the eighth child in a family of nine children of Philip Winchester and Charlotte Mercer (Poole), Marquam. His grandfather was a wealthy merchant of England, enploying many ships in carrying on an extensive trade. His father was born in England but at the age of twenty came to America. His mother was a daughter of Henry Poole, a wealthy planter, on whose plantation now stands Poolville, Maryland. On account of sickness and financial misfortune the father of our subject soon after his marriage decided to leave Maryland with the hope of bettering his fortune, and to seek a new home in the west. With his family he first settled iu Ohio, but shortly moved to Lafayette, Indiana. Here the family settled on unimproved government land, where a rude home was erected and pioneer life commenced. At the end of a few years, by the united labors of father and sons a greater portion of the wild tract upon which they had settled was cleared. By this time Mr. Marquam's elder brothers had left home to seek their own fortunes, leaving him at home to assist in the support of the family. Being the youngest of the boys and naturally strong and vigorous he was naturally selected as the one to remain upon the farm. If, however, he cheerfully accepted his lot it was not without a strong determination to make of himself sometliing more than the prospects held out to the average farmer's boy iu a new and undeveloped country. The circumstances which surrounded him'were anything but encouraging. His father was not only unable to oive him an education but needed his constant labor on the farm to maintain the family. To assist his parents and at the same time, by self application, to acquire an education was the double task which confronted youug Marquam, but he undertook it with that same pertinacity of purpose that in later years brought him honorable position and the attainment of a large fortune. Day by day as he labored on the farm, and without neglecting his work he managed to devote considerable time to his studies. His evenings and odd times, when most boys would have been playing, or resting, he devoted to acquiring knowledge. When an opportunity ofifered he would take up his books and it was in this way that he not only gained a common English education, including some of the higher branches, but sufficient knowledge of the Latin language to be able to translate the Latin phrases found in law books. In the meantime he had saved sufficient money to buy a library of elementary law books sufficient to enable him to commence the study of law, to which he had determined to devote himself.

His preparation for his chosen profession was pursued in the same way that his elementary education had been gained - devoting alternate hours to work and study - a method he believes the only true way of gaining a proper mental and physical training. At the end of three 3'ears of such progress he had not onlj- equipped himself for entering, but had saved enough nione\- to pay his tuition at the law school at Bloomington, Indiana. He had, however, previously made quite an advance in his legal studies by studj'ing at home under the directions and guidance of Hon. Godlove S. Orths, an able lawyer of Indiana, and who at one time was a representative in Congress;, and sub.sequently Minister to Russia. He completed the prescribed course at Bloomington, and in IS-tT was admitted to practice in the courts of the State.

He began the practice of his profession at Wabash count)-, Indiana, where he remained but a few months when he located at Renselaer, Jasper count}', in the same State. Here he acquired considerable business and remained until he left for the Pacific Coast.

The excitement caused in 1848 by the discovery of gold in California, induced Mr. Marquam, with three companions, in March, 1849, to start across the plains with ox teams in search of the "golden fleece." The journey was filled with many incidents of interest, but finally three of them landed in the Sacramento Valley in September, 1849, after a trip of six months duration. .After resting a few weeks Mr. Marquam proceeded up the Sacramento Valley to the Redding mines.

As soon as he arrived at his destination he went to work in the mines, and remained there during the winter of 1849 and until the spring of 1850, occasionally relieving the monotony of the pick and shovel by going on expeditions to expel the bands of marauding Indians, who in those daj'S, were the mortal dread of the hard working miners. In these engagements he received several serious wounds, which laid him up for several weeks.

In the spring of 1 850, still suffering from the injuries he had received Mr. Marquam, with others, left the mines and descending the Sacramento Valley, located in a small town called Fremont, at the junction of the Sacramento and Rio Del Plumas rivers, about twenty-five miles from Sacramento City. At this place, then the count}- seat of Yolo county, he commenced the practice of law, and at the first election held under the new State constitution of California, was elected county judge, practicalh- without opposition. Many novel questions came up before the new judge, and he rendered important service in the organization of the county and State, which one incident will serve to illustrate. The legislature failed to name the amount of the bonds the county officers were to qualify in before the county judge. Judge Marquam thereupon fixed the amount for each county officer in Y'olo county, and reported his action to the legislature, whereupon that body approved his course by adopting in the general laws of the State the sums he had affixed.

.\fter serving two years in the capacity of Judge, Mr. Marquam came to Oregon, in .\ugust, 1851, his principal object at the time being to visit his brother Alfred, who had come to Oregon in 1845, and settled in the southern part of Clackamas county, at a place now a village known as JIarquam, where he died in Februar}-, 1887. After looking over the country he was so well pleased with it that he determined to locate here. With that end in view he returned to California, resigned his position as judge, settled up his business and in the latter part of 1851 moved to Portland, where he at once began the practice of his profession. He was very successful from the beginning and within a year had a large and lucrative practice. He saw that Portland was some day destined to be a metropolitan city, and with good judgment he invested in real estate all of the accumulations from his practice, above a sum sufficient to support his family. With the eye of a business man he looked around him and secured some of the most valuable property in Portland and the suburbs, a very large part of which he still owns. Among his large purchases was that of 298 acres, known as Marquani's Hill, which is one of the finest residence sites in the citv of Portland. Some of this large tract he has disposed of, but a large share he has retained for his own use and on which he has long resided.

In 1S62 Mr. Marquam was elected county judge of JIultnoniah county. So highly satisfactory to the people was his discharge of the duties of this office, that after the expiration of a term of four years, he was re-elected for another term, bv a very large majority. During the eight years he served in this office he was never absent but one da}- from au}- term' of court, and that was occasioned by sickness in his family. At the expiration of his second term he returned to his law practice, which, with the management of his real estate and other private business demanded his attention.

He has recently completed a theatre building known as the Marquam Grand, which for elegance of appointments is not excelled on the coast, and which in connection with the store and office building he is now constructing will form the finest structure in Portland, and greatl}- add to the architectual appearance of the city.

Of late years Judge Marquam has been gradually relinquishing the practice of his profession, and at the present time has practically retired from legal work, his extensive private interests demanding all of his time and energies.

He has always taken an active part in whatever was for the best interest of the city and county. At an early day he endeavored, but without success, to have the Jlarket and Park blocks, which had been donated to the city, improved, and thereby forever secured for public purposes, and also strongly advocated a free bridge across the Willamette, connecting Portland and East Portland. In furtherance of the latter project he prepared, had printed and circulated throughout the county, petitions to the county court asking that the county be authorized by general tax to build a bridge across the river to be forever free to all travel. This petition, although signed very generally by the tax paying portion of the community, failed to accomplish the object asked for. Although now a stockholder in the present Morrison street bridge he is still in favor of a free bridge.

In 1SS2 Judge Marquam was nominated as the republican candidate for the legislature from Multnomah county. Although he in no sense desired the office nor made the slightest effort to seciu-e an election, he was elected, receiving a very flattering vote, at which term he rendered important service to the county and State. In politics he has alwa3-s been a staunch republican, but has never been a seeker after public office. Positions he has been called upon to fill have come unsolicited, and have been accepted in obedience to the clearly expressed desire of his fellow citizens that his services were needed. Duty to the public rather than his own inclination or personal interests has controlled his actions in this regard.

Judge Marquam was married May 8, 1853, to Miss Emma Kern, daughter of William Kern, a lady of culture and refinement, and admired for the many excel- lencies of her character, Their union has beeu one of singular congeniality and happiness. To the patience, fortitude, devotion and faith of his wife that never faltered as well as her untiring energy and attention to his interests, Judge Marquam accords the highest credit for whatever success he has attained. They have had eleven children, all of whom are living and enjoying the best of health.

Beginning the race of life without the bestowed advantages of education or riches, every step of Judge Marquam's career has beeu one that shows the innate strength of his character - an iron will that uo difficulties could daunt, and that faihire onhser\'es to render stronger. His struggle for an education, his life amid the hardships and danger of the frontiers, aud the persistent patient labors of later years against manv and great discouragements all show the mettle and unconquerable spirit of the man. Coming to Portland at an early period of its history, he at once displayed a belief in its future, as wonderful as it was unswerving. Through days of doubt, seasons of sunshine and storm; he never lost faith; and the city's marvelous growth during the past few years has been but a fulfillment of what he always claimed was surely coming. His faith led him to make many investments in the city when most men doubted his wisdom iu doing so, but the large fortune he i:ow possesses as the residt of these early investments has proven the correctness of his judgment. Judge Marquam has led a remarkably active life, but possesses a hearty and rugged constitution which no excesses have impaired, and to-day he enjoys the best of health, and presents the appearance of one much younger than his years. A man of direct methods and perfect integrity, he has ever maintained an unsullied record for business probity and as a high minded Christian gentleman. Secure in the confidence and respect of his fellow citizens, it is to be hoped that many years of peaceful comforts may be in store for this honored pioneer of Portland whose career is inseparably linked with the city's growth and progress.

DODD, Charles H. In no summary of the forces and agencies which have made the Pacific Northwest within the last two decades take such rapid strides in material greatness, should be omitted the part bourne by the subjecl of this sketch. Fornearl}' a quarter of a century he has been a conceded power for good in the commercial, intellectual and moral progress of a wide extent of country, and has left in many places and on many things the impress of his individual work. The following sketch of his life belongs very properly to the history of a city where he has long resided and held such a prominent place in public affairs.

Charles H. Dodd was bom in New York City, February 26, 1838, and is of English parentage, both his father and mother having been bom in England. At the age of nine he left New York and became an inmate of the home of a daughter of John Bissell, at Stamford, Connecticut. His education up to this period had been carefully conducted and his progress had been beyond that of most boys of that age. At Stamford he was enabled not only to enjoy exceptional educational advantages, but the influences which surrounded him were such as tended to develope a strong, selfreliant character, and give a proper diredlion to his mode of thought and action. A member of a family of culture and refinement, aud in a community which represented the highest type of New England life, there was naturally inculcated within him a spirit of self-reliance; a feeling that the accident of birth conferred no patent to nobility; that the only things worthy of respedt were work and worth, and an intense admiration for the principles underlaying our representative republican form of government. Amid influences thus wholesome he passed perhaps the most important period of a boy's life, pursuing his studies with such avidity and under such favorable conditions that at the age of twelve he had gained a fair English and Latin education and three years later was far enough advanced to enter Yale college, which famous educational institution he then entered with the intention at the time of finishing the full course. Two years later, however, just before he had completed the Sophomore year, an incident occurred that turned the whole current of his life. At this time, 1855, the projeft of building a railroad across the Isthmus of Panama, to facilitate the increased travel caused by the discovery of gold in California, was under wav. It was an undertaking beset with dangers and hardships, and up to the time mentioned hundreds of lives has been lost in the enterprise. Men competent and willing to run the many risks involved were hard to find. In looking for recruits. Col. Totteu, engineer-iu-chief of the road, came to New Haven and before the students in Vale college explained the undertaking and solicited the aid of any brave enough tojoin in the work. It was a projeft likely to arouse the interest of any young, energetic, healthy and adventuresome boy. Young Dodd with three others volunteered to join the engineering corps; was accepted, and without delay started for the field of operations. For nearly a year he was engaged in this hazardous and novel work, gaining au experience in many particulars both unique and interesting. Commencing at Aspinwall (now known as Colon), he proceeded with the engineering party the whole distance now traversed by the road to Panama, a portion of the way being along the Chagres River, where he contracted the well known "Chagres" fever, and for several weeks was so ill that his life was despaired of He, however, recovered in time to proceed with his party, being one of the comparatively few who originally started out who remained until the work was completed.

At Panama he fell in with C. K. Garrison, a prominent figure in the early commercial history of California; at that time agent of the Nicaraugua Steamship Company, and who three years previously had established the first banking house at Panama. By Mr. Garrison he was sent to San Francisco on the steamer Golden Gate. Upon his arrival in San Francisco he secured employment with Farwell & Curtiss, hardware and commission merchants. His work for this firm after he had been with them some .ime brought him through a most valuable experience. He was selected to find the whereabouts of a vessel belonging to Peabody & Co., a well kno%vn shipping house, of Boston, which had been either lost or stolen, but which, it was presumed, was at some port in South America. In fulfilling the task assigned him. Mr. Dodd made perhaps a more extended journey through South America than up to that time had been made by anyone from the northern part of the Western Continent. Leaving San Francisco near the close of 1855, he proceeded by steamer to Panama, thence along the western coast to Callao; thence further south, crossing the Andes from Concepcion, he proceeded to Meudaza, Buenos Ayres, Montevideo and Rio Janeiro. From the latter point he proceeded by steamer to Panama, finally reaching San Francisco, after having spent nearly a year on the journey and being perhaps the first American to cross the Andes from Concepcion. He succeeded m finding the vessel he went in search of at Monteivdeo, which he supplied with a new captain and crew and sent to Boston.

Upon his return to San Francisco, after so many months of adventure and excitement, it was not strange that Mr. Dodd should look for avenues of employment offering more to stimulate liis fancies than the prosaic life of trade could offer. The mines seemed to offer such a field, and he, therefore, began the life of a miner, beginning his search for the "golden fleece" in Grass Valley, Nevada countn,-, where he remained two years. From thence he worked with his companions at Gold Bar, on the South Yuba. He then followed in the train of the Washoe excitement and went to Virginia City, Nevada, and was among the early discoverers of the Esmeralda mines. Although he was moderately successful in mining he became convinced, after quite an extended experience, that wealth, however great, gained at the expense of all domestic ties or elevating social life would be acquired at too great a sacrifice. So in 1861 he abandoned mining and with the capital he had acquired he opened a hardware store in Esmeralda in connection with Wm. Moliniux, continuing in business for four years with a fair degree of success! In the meantime, near the close of 1864-, he joined the Esmeralda Mounted Rifles; was elected lieutenant of the company, and accompanied his command to .-\rizona, where it was sent to quell the raid of the Piutes and Mohave Indians on Sau Carlos and upon inhabitants of Owen Lakes country-. In this service he was engaged until Axigust, 1865, when he resigned his commission and resumed bnsinets at Esmeralda.

In May, 1866, Mr. Dodd was married to Lucy A. Sproat, a native of Middleboro, Massachusetts. Life now began to assume a new aspect. He began to feel the necessity of establishing a home where there would be a degree of pennanency such as no strictly mining locality ever offers. With this idea in mind he sold out his business at Esmeralda and started for Salt Lake Cit^-, where he contemplated establishing a hardware store in connection with the Hawley Bros., of San Francisco. The Mormous held undisputed control of Salt Lake City at that time and President Brigham Young ruled affairs with all the absolutism of the Czar of Russia. Mr. Dodd was soon informed that he could not start in business at that point unless he would agree to pay tithes to the Mormon rulers, this he refused to do. He, therefore, began to look for a more inviting field for beginning operations, and came to Oregon. After making a tour of the State, he located at Salem where he established a hardware store in September, 1S66. For two years he was rewarded with moderate success when he disposed of his stock and in October, 186S, came to Portland where he opened the hardware story of Hawley, Dodd & Co., Edward A. Hawley being his partner and M. C, Walter N. and Geo. A. Hawley, of San Francisco, furnishing a portion of the capital to start the bu-siness, and becoming their financial backers, but all the details of the business, its management and development, were entrusted to Mr. Dodd and partner, but Mr. Dodd, possessing a most thorough knowledge of the business, assumed practically its control and direction. In 1880, he bought out his partners' interest and has since been sole proprietor, although the firm name of Chas. H. Dodd & Co., has been retained. From a concern with limited capital against strong conipe. tition the business has grown to large proportions, and now employs a capital of from $350,000 to 500,000 and for many 3-ears h.as maintained branch stores at Albany and Athena, Oregon; Spokane, Pullman, Colfax and Walla Walla, Washington, and Moscow and Lewiston, Idaho.

From his first connection with Portland Mr. Dodd became one of the most vahiable factors in the development of Oregon. He saw that to make the State prosperous it was only necessary that its rich soil should be cultivated. The settlers who came to Oregon before the era of railroads, by the long distance across the plains, or the more expensive route, by water, in most cases arrived with little or no means, and were poorly equipped to buy the necessary implements to carry on agriculture. When Mr. Dodd came to the State the extensive and fertile agricultural lands of Oregon, Idaho and Washington, naturally tributary to Portland, were largely, through these drawbacks, cultivated only to a limited extent. To in a measure remedy this state of affairs, Mr. Dodd established supply depots in convenient localities, personally superintending and directing the work. He then permitted any settler who might be in need of agricultural implements, and without means of paying for them, to take them and pay for them whenever they were able out of the crops to be raised. Agricultural machinery worth thousands of dollars was loaned and sold in this way as early as 1S69. The Indian wars breaking out soon after, nearly all the settlers whom he had thus supplied were driven from their homes, and Mr. Dodd realized but small returns from his venture. But he had the future good and prosperity of the State at heart; was not looking after immediate returns, and was not discouraged. As soon as peace was secured, new settlers came, and he repeated the experiment again - only increasing the volume of supplies, loaning them under the same conditions he had done before. Although he realized from this venture a fair profit, he has besides the great satisfaction of knowing that no single agency did more to prove to the country that the region his enterprise so largely assisted to bring under cultivation, was one of unsurpassed fertility. In this direction he performed a work of far reaching importance.

This, however, is but one of many instances wherein he rendered his adopted State great service. He has been at the front and among the recognized leaders in so many movements for the public good, that to even enumerate them would extend this sketch beyond its prescribed Hunts. The State Board of Immigration, one of the strongest agencies at work in behalf of Oregon, was largely created by his efforts. From the time the subject was first discussed he became its active champion, and by his efforts before the Board of Trade and among his associates, did much to set the forces in motion which culminated in its formation in 1881. From that time he has most ably served as the President of the Board, and so manifest has been the good accomplished under his direction, that last year, (1889), over |35, 000 was raised by voluntary subscription in Portland to carry on the work, while for 1890, over $45,000 was secured for the same purpose. For many years he has been a member of the Board of Trade, and for nine years served as Vice President, largely by his personal efforts, creating from a weak and powerless organization without well defined aims or purposes, a strong and influential body, whose influence upon commercial affairs, is felt throughout the State. In all the work aided by and directly accomplished by the Board of Trade in behalf of Portland, he has been especially active, freely devoting his time and means to carry out every project which .seems likely to advance the City's good. In 1883 he was elected a School Director, and served for five consecutive years - a period covering the most important years in the history of the Portland Public Schools - the High School having been completed and put in successful operation during the years named, He worked incessantly and intelligently in the direction of elevating to, and maintaining a high standard of excellence, both iu teachers and curriculum, manj- of the most beneficient and liberal measures now incorporated in the present school 53-8- tem owing their origin to his sagacious couusel and vigorous encouragement.

Mr. Dodd is a man of strong religious convictions, and ever since his residence in Portland, has been a member of the Episcopal Church. He has been specially active in Sunday-school work, having been . Superintendent of St. Stephen's Sunday-school from 186S to 1874, and of Trinity Sunday-school from 1875 to the present time, never having missed being at his post a single Sunday while in the City.