Newton City (part 7 of 8)

In 1875 the library was removed to still more spacious quarters, a reading-room was opened and a daily delivery established. The directors were led to this by the action of the town, which in townmeeting had adopted, upon the petition of the AtheuKum and upon the recommeudation ofthe Hon. J. Wiley Edmands, the policy of appropriating money in aid of free incorporated libraries. The city government endorsed and continued this policy until, in 1876, it assumed the entire support ofthe Newton Free Library at Newton (Corner), since which time it has ceased to do anything for the West Newton Library. It has, however, for several years paid a part ofthe expenses ofthe reading-room.

The library contains (in 1890) 5500 volumes, and is especially strong in history, biography and travel'). The annual deliveries range from 8000 to 12,000, besides from 4000 to 4500 volumes which are distributed by the Atheiuvum as the agent of the Newton Free Library.

The Newton Club. - Early in April, 1887, a circular was addressed by Mr. Austin R. Mitchell to some forty or fifty gentlemen, requesting them to meet at his residence. Walnut Street, Newtonville, to consider the advisability of forming a social club for Newton. The project was not a new one, as several previous attempts to form a social club, which should embrace in its membership gentlemen from all parts of Newton, had been made, but none with success.

The present, however, seemed ripe for such a project. The Newton Circuit Railroad had recently been completed, rendering communication between the different sections of the city easy and expeditious, and the "Roberts House," so-called, the historic mansion formerly occupied by General Hull, had lately changed hands and become available for club purposes, for which use its large and numerous rooms and close proximity to the railroad station made it peculiarly fit.

The greater part of those receiving Mr. Mitchell's circular attended at his house on the evening of April 12, 1887, and it was unanimously decided to attempt the formation of a club. A committee of twenty-two was appointed to secure an act of incorporation from the Legislature, and also to take all other necessary preliminary steps.

The act of incorporation was signed by Governor Ames May 26, 1887, and the club immediately organized. The first officers to serve the club were as follows: President, Royal M. Pulsifer; Vice-Presidents, William Claflin, Robert R. Bishop, Isaac T. Burr, Levi C. Wade; Secretary, Edward W. Gate; Treasurer, Francis A. Dewson; Executive Committee, Henry E. Cobb, Prescott C. Bridgham, William M. Bullivant, Moses G. Crane, Edward H. Mason, William J. Follett, J. Edward Hollis, Samuel L. Powers, John W. Carter, Arthur C. Walworth; Committee on Elections, Lewis E. Coffin, George F. Churchhill, George L. Lovett, Henry C. Churchill, Eben Thompson, Harry W. JIason, Sydney Harwood, Austin R. Mitchell, Frederick L. Felton, James W. French.

The Roberts House was at once leased, but it was not until the following October that the necessary alterations in it and its furnishing were completed. On the evening of December 19, 1887, the club-house was formally opened with a reception, which was attended by some three or four hundred of the most prominent citizens of Newton. While the memberbhip of the club is composed exclusively of gentlemen, it has always been the policy of its management to extend its privileges in some degree to ladies. With this end in view, a number of entertainments have been given each winter in the club-house parlors, and a reception has become an annual feature. The club is now in its third year; its membership has steadily increased, and includes many of the bestknown and most influential residents of the city, and gives promise of being a permanent feature in the social life of Newton.

Newton Civil Service Reform Association.^ The Newton Civil Service Reform Association had its origin in a suggestion made by Rev. Henry Lambert at a meeting of the West Newton Book Club, held April 1, 1881. At this meeting Messrs. Henry Lambert, E. P. Bond and N. T. Allen were appointed a committee to secure the co-operation of other citizens of the ward in forming a civil service reform organization. In accordance with a notice published in the West Newton Transcript, and signed by these gentlemen and twenty-two others, a meeting was held at the City Hall, West Newton, April 20, 1881, at which was adopted a preamble and constitution for the " West Newton Civil Service Reform Association." The organization started with nearly eighty members and the following list of officers ; President, Rev. Henry Lambert ; vice-presidents. Rev. Increase N. Tarbox, Henry A. Inman ; treasurer, John J. Eddy; secretary, Fisher Ames; directors, Thomas B. Fitz,

At the annual meeting, April 24, 1882, the name of the society was changed to the "Newton Civil Service Reform Association."' Since that time it has aimed to make its lists of members and officers representative, as near as may be, of the entire city.

The officers elected at the annual meeting April 22, 1889, were: President, Rev. Henry Lambert; vicepresidents, Leverett Saltonstall, John S. Farlow, Edwin B. Haskell, Robert R. Bishop, Wm. P. Ellison, Edwin P. Seaver, Nathaniel T. Allen; treasurer, Stephen Thacher; secretary, James P. Tolman; directors. Thomas B. Fitz, Edward P. Bond, F. F. Raymond (2d), H.E. Bothfeld. The number of members December, 1889, was 127.

The association, by its executive committee, has adopted and published resolutions on many occasions of moment in the progress of the relbrm. It has usually sent several representatives to the meetings of the National Civil Service Reform League, and has always sent delegates to the Massachusetts League ; has each year contributed to the support of the National League, and has distributed the literature of the reform very freely among its members and others.

In 1885 the association published and circulated a historical sketch of the movement, in the form of a pamphlet, by President Lambert, entitled "The Progress of Civil Service Reform in the United States."

In behalf of the association the executive committee has frequently addressed letters of inquiry to public officers and candidates for office. Its correspondence with Hon. John W. Chanler, then Repsentative to Congress from the district, led to the organization of the independent movement which elected Hon. Theodore Lyman to Congress in the fall of 1882, and apparently much hastened the passage of the National Civil Service Act in January, 1883.

Pine Farm School. - In the year 186.3 a farm containing about twenty-five acres on Chestnut Street, corner of Fuller, West Newton, was purchased and fitted as a home for boys living in such exposed and neglected circumstances as to be likely to fall into vicious habits.

In 1865 an act of incorporation was granted by the Legislature to the Boston Children's Aid Society, the members of which had been united in starting and carrying forward the enterprise. Mr. Rufus R. Cook, familiarly known as " Uncle Cook," acted as agent, and sent to the home such boys as he found in the city morally exposed, and who in his judgment could be saved if placed under better influences.

the truest and highest sense. The boys attend school every day except Saturday, and on Sunday attend the Congi-fgational Church and Sunday-school. The day-school is upon the grounds, the teacher residing on the farm. The boys are given up by the parents or guardians to the care of the society till eighteen years of age, being received between the ages of nine and fifteen years.

After remaining in the school until, in the judgment of the superintendent (usually between one and two years), they are sufficiently trained to do well, they are placed in some family, but are still under the care of the society, a visitor being continually employed in visiting them to see that they are well cared for in their new homes. Between twenty and thirty boys are usually sent out in a year, and the results show that a very large percentage of these boys, taken from their parents and placed under better influences, may be saved from the criminal life almost certain to follow as the result of their evil surroundings. Indolent and injudicious parents, to say nothing of those who are intemperate and criminal, make many homes the training-school for lives of lawlessness and criminality. During the quarter of a century of the existence of Pine Farm School there has been no death among the boys and but little serious illness. They soon yield to a kind but firm discipline, and with regular diet and sleep, improve in bodily health.

Kebecca Pomeroy Newton Home for ORrHAN Girls. - In the year 1872 Mrs. Rebecca E. Pomeroy, with the aid of friends, assumed the care and support of four little girls who were made homeless by the disbanding of the " Girls' School " connected with the " Boston Children's Aid Society." This was the nucleus of what has grown to be the " Rebecca Pomeroy Newton Home for Orphan Girls." With rare industry, tact and thrift combined, it has been enabled to feed, clothe and educate its twenty inmates during the past seventeen years, mainly from the gifts of the women of Newton, although generous aid has been given by friends, both old and young, in neighboring cities. >

The present location of the home on Hovey Street, Newton, was purchased by the citizens of Newton as a memorial to its founder, Mrs. Pomeroy.

There have been connected with the home fifty-two orphan and destitute girls. The number who have completed a full course of training, and have gone out prepared to enter upcu life-work well equipped to earn a livelihood, is eighteen ; the number returned to friends, able to furnish good homes for them, ten. Three are married. Nineteen are now earning a support. Not one has died at the home, and only two since leaving it.

When thoroughly prepared each girl goes to service in a place carefully secured in a good family, a country home preferred. A bank-book is provided and all savings above necessary expenses are deposited in the Newton Savings Bank. The treasurer of the " Home " corporation has now in her care nine such books with an aggregate of six hundred dollars invested.

One of the lady directors, in connection with the superintendent, continues watchl^ul care and oversight of these girls after leaving the home, as would a good mother.

The principle involved in the management of the home is unique. From each of the twenty-seven Protestant churches of the city one or more ladies or gentlemen are secured. These constitute a Board of Corporators, who, at an annual meeting, elect a Board of Directors, upon whom devolves the immediate management of the home.

It is an unwritten law that each of the Protestant religious sects in the city shall, if possible, be represented upon this Board of Directors. It is not true that sectarianism in any objectionable sense ever has been or could be justly charged to the home.

The public are cordially invited to visit the home and witness the spirit which animates the whole household, and to remember it is only by the generous gifts of its friends that the home has been enabled to seek and save many a friendless orphan girl and elevate them to virtuous womanhood.

Firemen's Relief A.ssociation. - The above association was organized August 2, 1878, and incorporated December 4, 1884, with the following list of names as incorporators: - Henry L. Bixby, F. H. Humphrey, W. S. Higgins, Bernard Early, H. H. Easterbrook, George H. Haynes, Charles W. H. Boulton, J. E. Trowbridge, F. D. Graves, T.C. Nickerson, W. S. Cargill, John Dreary.

" WiiKREAS, the members of the Fire Department of the City of Newton are liable, in the discharge of their duty, to many casualties to wbicli ' citizens are generally not exposed, and,

" WuEttEAS, These casualties are fiequently very injurious, and sometimes ruinous to health, comfort and pecuniary circumstances of those on whom they fall -

** Resolved, by the undersigned, being all members of the Newton Fire Department, that we form ourselves into a society for the purpose of material aid and assistance, under the calamities to which the public duties of tiremen may expose them, and for the better management and control thereof we accept the following constitution, by which we mutually agree to be governed."

The present fund is maintained by annual assessment of each member, by public contributions, and the small amounts realized from public entertainments.

Young Men's Christian Association. - Some time during the summer of 1877, Dr. H. B. Jones was impressed with the necessity of doing some special

While discussing the temperance question it was brought to the notice of those present that there were a number of young men in Newton whom the church did not reach, and it was considered desirable to take some united action to supplement the church work, and at the same time do more for temperance than was being done. To this end it was suggested to unite Christian workera from all the evangelical churches as a Young Men's Christian Association. A public meeting to consider it was called at Eliot Lower Hall, October 16th. Quite a large number of gentlemen responded to the call and the meeting was organized with Mr. E. P. Wright as chairman and Mr. George S. Trowbridge as secretary. Dr. H. B. Jones eloquently presented the object of the meeting, and was followed by several others, awakening considerable enthusiasm in the matter. It was voted to organize an association and a committee was appointed to prepare a constitution and report in one week, to which time the meeting adjourned. At the adjourned meeting the organization was perfected, a constitution adopted and the following board of officers elected: President, George S. Harwood ; vice-president, Geo. S.Trowbridge; secretary, Geo. C. Dunne; treasurer, F. M. Trowbridge ; directors, Edward B. Earle, Edward W. Gate, J. M. Kalloway, Dr. H. B. Jones, Daniel E. Snow.

The association was fairly launched, and has been an active organization ever since, doing good work in its eliosen field. Its anniversary occasions are always of special interest, and at its last one, when Eliot Hall was well filled, the erection of a Y. M. C. A. building was advocated, which has so awakened public opinion to its necessity that active eflbrts are being made in that direction with very gratifying results.

The presidents since its organization have been : George S. Harwood, one year; G. D. Gilman, three years; H.J. AVoods, three years; D. E. Snow, two years; K. F. Cummings, two years; and D. Fletcher Barber, who is now serving his second year.

The Newtox Sunday-School Union. - This Union of the Sunday-schools of the town of Newton for the discussion of practical questions, designed to prepare teachers and officers for better work, was organized December 18, 1838, with Hon. William Jackson as its first president. Six schools comprised the Union at its birth, and its earliest anniversaries were held in groves, with processions of children, addresses from prominent citizens, and large gatherings, as their features. Its regular meetings were then held monthly, but afterwards made quarterly, changing from village to village on Sunday evenings, each Sunday-school there reporting its condition. Through its enterprise a colporteur was maintained in 1849 and subsequently to labor in West Virginia and Ohio.

October 16, 1863, the Union celebrated the twentyfifth anniversary of its organization with an address by Rev. A. L. Stone, D.D., of Park Street (Boston) Church, in the first Eliot Hall. June 27, 1863, the lOOlh anniversary of the organization of Sundayschools by Robert Raikes was celebrated in the new Eliot Hall, with an historical address by Rev. Bradford K. Pierce, D.D., and a centennial hymn by Rev. S. F. Smith. The singing upon this occasion was by a choir of 350 children from the various schools, trained and conducted by Mr. George S. Trowbridge. In 1860 the Union represented a Sunday-school membership of 1405; in 1870, 2870; and in 1880, 3085, teachers and scholars. Meetings have been held regularly all these years. October 19, 1881, a gold medal was offered as a prize for the best essay on " Sunday- School Interests." It was subsequently awarded by the committee to Mr. D. E. Snow, who had served as secretary of the Union from 1869 to 1877 and as its president during the year 1878. Among the prominent citizens of Newton who have served as its presidents may also be mentioned Messrs. MarshallS. Rice, Deacon Ebenezer F. Woodard, Frederick A. Benson, George S. Harwood, Joseph A. Newell, General A. B. Underwood and Hon. J. C. Park.

The Goddard Literary Union. - The Goddard Literary Union was organized October 28, 1874, in the Universalist Church at Newtonville with forty-four members and the following officers : Robert P. Gould, president ; Lewis E. Binney, secretary ; C. B. Fillebrown, treasurer. Its object was " Religious, Mental and Social " improvement. Its membership consists only of those connected with the above church.

Regular meetings are held twice a month, and " Public" concerts or plays are given about four times a year. The vestry, where meetings are held, is finely adapted to these plays, being fitted with stage, scenery, foot-lights, etc., and combining this advantage with the fact that plenty of talent is available, and earnest, working committees can be easily chosen. Some fine plays as "Once Upon a Time," written by Mr. H. N. Baker, a member; ''High Life," by Mr. Monday, another member ; " Longfellow's Dream," a fine amateur play, and "Among the Breakers," one of Walter Baker's famous dramas, have been most successfully rendered to crowded houses. By this means the Union has been able to make handsome contributions to the church funds, its yearly subscription having been as high as $500.

At present (1889-90 season) the membership has grown to about 165, including prominent business men, and a large percentage is composed of real active, working members.

The Union is in a flourishing condition and governed by the following oflicers : President, Rev. R. A. White; Vice-President, F.M.Whipple; Secretary, W. Henry Cotting; Trea,surer, Alfred B. Tainter.

purposes. No constitution or by-laws were adopted, but instead a few simple features were agreed to, such as that there should be from twenty to twenty-five members, that meetings be held fortnightly, and that the proceedings include essays and discussions. The club has been in existence now for nearly fourteen years, and the interest of its members appears to be unabated. Among those who have been on its list, but who have passed away from this life, are the following gentlemen : The Rev. Dr. G. W. Hosmer, Lucius H. Buckingham, Ph.D., Mr. Calvin Brooks Prescott, Hon. William S. Gardner, General Adin B. Underwood, the Eev. Dr. B. K. Peirce, the Hon. John C. Park.

The present list of members is as follows : Mr. William C. Bates, Rev. Dr. Walcott Calkins, Hon. William Claflin, Mr. E. H. Cutler, Rev. J. B. Gould, Mr. E. B. Haskell, W. S. Hutchinson, Esq., Rev. F. B. Hornbrooke, Hon. R. C. Pitman, Mr. Edward Sawyer, Eev. Dr. George W. Shinn, Rev. Dr. L.E.Smith, Rev. Henry G. Spaulding, Dr. Lincoln R. Stone, Hon. Heman M. Burr, Dr. William W. Jacques. The officers for the current year are: President, E.Sawyer; Secretary, G. W. Shinn ; Treasurer, L. R. Stone.

Newtonville Woman's Guild. - The Newtonville Woman's Guild was founded March 21, 1884, by a few ladies, who, led by one who had given the subject much careful thought, had succeeded in maturing a broad and comprehensive plan for a society, which, it was hoped, would unite the women of Newtonville from all churches and all neighborhoods, for the purpose of charitable work, intellectual improvement and social intercourse.

It was thought, in the beginning, that the Newton Cottage Hospital, which then existed only in the minds of its projectors, would form a good basis for the work of the society, and with the hospital the Guild has always been identified in the minds of Newton people, a standing committee having its interests in charge.

Aside from this work, however, the Guild has done far more, through its charitable committee, to relieve such local need as exists in Newtonville, than is generally known, and has always responded, to the extent of its means, to any outside call for aid.

On its social side, it has done a work eminently worth doing in bringing into agreeable intercourse many Newtonville women, who might otherwise never have known of each other's existence.

Newton Centre Women's Club. - In January, 1887, Post 02, G. A. R., invited from the pulpits of the churches in Newton Centre all interested in the relief of disabled soldiers and their families to meet on the alternoon of January 11th, to devise means for raising additional funds for that purpose.

At that meeting a board of five officers and a committee of twenty-one, representing the four churches of Newton Centre, were chosen to co-operate wilh similar organizations in other wards in the city in the management of a Soldiers' Fair.

At the close of the fair this committee, with its officers, twenty-six in all, formed a permanent organization called "The Ladies' Union." A constitution was adopted and a president, vice-president, secretary and treasurer at the Soldiers' Fair were elected to the same positions in the new club.

It is both a literary and charitable association. According to its constitution, " At each regular meeting there shall be a paper read, by some person engaged for the purpose, or some entertainment of a literary or educational interest."

Its charitable work has been chiefly in cocnectioa with the purchase of "The Children's Play-ground." The first contribution, twenty-five dollars, received by the Newton Centre Improvement Association for this purpose was made by this club in October, 1888, and by a recent entertainment, "The Festival of Days," about $2500 was realized for the same object.

The club now numbers about fifty. It holds its meetings the last Friday in each month at the house of one of its members. Its original and present officers are : - Mrs. R. R. Bishop, president ; Mrs. Charles Grout, vice-president ; Miss Anna C. Ellis, secretary ; Mrs. D. B. Claflin, treasurer.

"The Neighbors." - On the evening of January 15, 1878, at the house of Rev. Alvah Hovey, D.D., LL.D., in Newton Centre, the following-named gentlemen met and organized a club for the purpose of literary culture, and for the promotion of social intercourse among its members, viz. : Robert R. Bishop, Edwin F. Waters, AldenSpeare, William E. Webster, Alvah Plovey and Thomas L. Rogers. The same evening it was voted that the name of the club be Neighbors." The number of members is limited to twenty-five.

The meetings are held upon the firstMonday evenings of every month from October to May inclusive, at the houses of the members, in rotation, the host upon each occasion acting as chairman. The secretary for eleven years, until his removal from the city, was Thomas L. Rogers.

An executive committee of four, annually elected, together with the secretary, attend to tlie appointments, presenting new names for membership, and whatever other business may arise. The members are expected to present in rotation essays upon subjects selected by themselves and previously announced, followed by comments by the other members and guests.

suits in the village. In December, 1878, Rev, A. E. Lawrence gave an address upon "Village Improvement," which was the immediate cau-se ot the organization of the Newton Centre Improvement Association, still in the height of its vigor and usefulness. In April, 1888, Hon. Robert R. Bishop read a paper entitled, " What Can We Do for Newton Centre?" in which was first presented the plan of improving the low land in the centre of our village and laying out an extended public park and play-grouud.

The Young Mex's Social Uxion of Newton Centre. - In the autumn of 1882 the Rev. Edward Braislin conceived the idea of a non-sectarian club which would unite socially the young men of Newton Centre. To carry out this idea a meeting of young men was called.

A constitution and by-laws were adopted and the following officers were elected to serve six months : President, R. W. Waters ; secretary, G. G. Sanborn ; treasurer, E. S. Lyon.

Executive, membership and missionary committees were also chosen for a term of three months. Admission to membership was made conditional only upon the acceptance of the candidate by the membership committee and his signature to the by-laws. No membership fees were asked, as it was the wish of the founders of the Union that no obstacle should be put in the way of any one who wished to become a member of the Union.

The offer of the free use of the Baptist Church Chapel for meetings was accepted and the monthly meetings soon interested nearly all of the young men of the village.

Programmes of literary and musical exercises and debates were given, and the Union had the cordial support of the citizens of Newton Centre.

In the year 1884 a course of popular entertainments was given under the auspices of the Union, but the main financial support has been the voluntary contributions of its members and friends. In 1885 the membership was ninety-five, and until its dissolution in 1886 it was highly successful in fulfilling the purpose of its organization.

Auburndale Improvement Society. - The organization of the Auburndale Village Improvement Society dates from October 31, 1883. Its objects, as defined in the first article of the constitution, are the beautifying and .adorning of the streets and public grounds of the village, especially by planting trees and shrubs, and caring for and preserving the same ; to create and encourage in the community a sjiirit of improvement that shall stimulate everyone to seek to make his own surroundings more attractive ; to attend to matters aff'ecting the public health ; and to provide such entertainments as the Board of Government shall think proper. Soon after the organization of the society an opportunity offered itself to secure a public hall in the village, by obtaining control of the lately disused Williams School building. The society promptly raised about $1000, and fitted up a neat hall, having leased the building from the city for five years. Another public benefit aided largely by the society is the tunnel beneath the tracks of the Boston & Albany Railroad uniting the two sections of the village. Whenever there has been opportunity to carry out its purposes the society has striven to do all it could. It has assisted in clearing the streets of rubbish ; it has set out and cared for shade-trees; it maintains bulletin boards in various locations. At the present time it is interesting itself in securing access for the public to Charles River over ways that have been unlawfully closed up. I'l all ways where public interest is aroused, the society stands ready to push matters through its organization and, numbering, as it does, on its roll the names of a large number of the most influential citizens, its influence is capable of accomplishing much by way of permanent improvement.

West Newton Women's Educational Club. - This club was formed in July, 1880. In the autumn of that year its membership was largely increased, and the meetings were held at first monthly and afterwards fortnightly. The club soon outgrew the accommodation of private parlors, and was fortunately able to secure the commodious parlor and supperroom of the Unitarian Society for its regular meetings. Its range of discussion has been broad, including Woman Suffrage, Temperance, Domestic Economy, History, Biography and Art. It has made a special study of municipal affairs, going through, as an object lesson, all the forms of an election. One afternoon in the year is devoted to descriptions of summer outings ; another is given to short e.ssays of ten minutes on practical or literary subjects. The club has a " gentleman's night " at New Year's, and an annual supper in iVIay. It interests its members in the public schools, and was instrumental in introducing the regular instruction of the girls in sewing. It supports a scholarship at the Tuskegee Normal School for Freedmen in Alabama, and every year sends to it contributions of money and clothing.

Woman Suffrage League. - The Newton Nonpartisan Woman Suffrage League was organized in West Newton in March, 1885, The objects of this association, as stated in its constitution, are " to procure the right of suffrage for women, to effect such changes in the laws as shall place women in all respects on an equal legal footing with men, to combine the woman suffrage sentiment in Newton, to circulate woman suffrage petitions and woman suffrage literature, and to endeavor to have men of integrity nominated and elected to the Legislature who favor municipal suffrage for women."

Hon. William Claflin was chosen president ; Mr. S. Warren Davis, secretary ; Mrs. James P. Tolman, treasurer, and Mrs. E. N. L. Walton, chairman of the Executive Committee.

At the close of the first year Mr. Claflin resigned, and Hon. Robert C. Pitman was elected and served two years. The present officers (1890) are : Mr. Nathaniel T. Allen, president; Mrs. Louise A. Chapman, secretary; Mrs. James P. Tolman, treasurer; with three vice-presidents and an Executive Committee often representatives, men and women.

The League has been the means of exciting much thought on the subject, and of extending a belief in the value of equal sufl'rage, to man as well as to woman.

It has held each year one or two public meetings in the City Hall and elsewhere, and several smaller parlor meetings in the various villages from Auburndale to Newton,

It has also furnished speakers to the West Newton Lyceum when the subject of woman's suffrage has been debated, thus reaching a large class not otherwise approachable. Among the most interesting speakers at their various meetings have been Mrs. Lucy Stone, Mr. H. B. Blackwell, Mrs. Julia Ward Howe, Mrs Mary A. Livermore, Mrs. E. D. Cheney, Mrs. Laura Ormiston Chant, of Eugland ; Mrs. S. S. Fessenden, of the W. C. T. U. ; Hon. J. C. Wyman, of Ehode Island, and T. W. Higginson. Some meetings have been held in the interest of school suffrage especially, and they have done much toward placing and keeping women on the School Board. Mrs. Electa L. N. Walton and Mrs. Abby E. Davis have been the most active and influential members of the Executive Committee of the League.

" The Pla'xers." - This is the name of a dramatic association, orgxnized March 16, 1887, composed of active and associate members. The active members take part in dramatic performances, of which six are given every season at City Hall, West Newton. The associate members are limited to 150, each paying an annual fee of eight dollars, and receiving two tickets for every entertainment. The associate membership has been full from the beginning, with from fifty to seventy-five names on the waiting list. The first performances were on the evenings of May 13 and 14, 1887, when Byron's comedy, " Our Boys," was given. Among the other plays produced have been " London Assurance," "Old Love Letters," "Rough Diamond," "A Russian Honeymoon," "Randall's Thumb," and "Engaged." These pl.ays have been given with dramatic skill and ample stage effects. The officers of the association are as follows : President, George H. Phelps; vice-president, John A. Conkey; treasurer, Edward C. Burrage; secretary, Pierrepont Wise. The above named, together with William T. Farley, T. E. Stutson and Herbert S. Kempton, constitute the Board of Directors.

The Monday Evening Ciatb. - This club was established at the suggestion of Mr. J. H. Nichols and Dr. Wra. E. Field. The first meeting was held November 5, 1880. The number at first was limited to twenty-five members, but it has since been changed to thirty.

The club has a constitution and by-laws. The office of chairman is filled by members, succeeding alphabetically each evening from season to season. The secretary is chosen annually by ballot.

The secretary organizes the meetings at eight o'clock and selects the chairman. The period from eight to nine is devoted to regular business and to five-minute talks by members in turn, at the call of the chairman. From nine to ten there is an essay by one of the members and its discussion. After the essay a collation is served. The meetings are held at the residences of the members in turn.

Newton Congregational Club. - In the minds of many members of the Congregational Churches in Newton there had existed a feeling of the necessity of some organization which would bring together the Congregational Churches from the diflerent sections of the city for the sake of a more intimate acquaintance, and thereby more concerted action in church work. The great drawback had been the lack of a ready means of communication between the churches on the south and north sides of the city.

During the year 1885 a communication written by James F. C. Hyde, appeared in the Newton Journal, calling attention to this need of the churches, and expressing the hope that, when the " Circuit Railroad," which was then building, w.is completed, affording the desired communication between the different portions of the city, a Congregational Club might be organized.

On October 13, 1886, in accordance with this suggestion, an invitation, signed by five pastors and three deacons, was sent to the pastors, the deacons, the standing committees, and Sabbath-School superintendents of each of the seven Congregational Churches in Newton, to meet on Wednesday evening, October 20th, at the parlor of the Second Church, West Newton, to consider the expediency of forming such a club.

meeting, and William B. Wood, secretary. It was voted to form a Congregational Club, and a committee was appointed to dralt a constitution and by-laws.

An adjourned meeting was held at the same place the following Wednesday evening (Oct. 27th), and a constitution and by-laws were adopted. The objects of the club, as expressed in the constitution, are " to encourage among the members of the Congregational Churches of Newton, a more friendly and intimate acquaintance, to secure concert of action, and to promote the spiritual life and efficiency of the churches." Regular meetings are held on the third Monday of each month, from October to March inclusive. The January meeting is the "annual meeting" for the choice of otiicers, etc. The membership is limited to 150; each church was ent'tled to ten members (this was afterwards amended so that the largest church, the Eliot, is entitled to sixteen members, and the smallest church, the North, is entitled to four members), and the balance of the 150 (or eighty members) is divided pro rata betvfeen the different churches, according to their resident membership. A vote was passed at this meeting that it is desirable that ladies attend the regular meetings as guesls of the members.

Another adjourned meeting was held November 3d, and the organization completed by the choice of officers. At the annual meeting, the following January, the same officers were re-elected for tlie year 1887, viz.: President, Hon. James F. C. Hyde; vice-presidents. Rev. Henry J. Patrick, Dea. William F. Slocum ; secretary, William B. Wood ; treasurer, Daniel E. Snow.

The succeeding presidents have been : Granville B. Putnam, in 1888; Albert L. Harwood, in 1889 ; and Winfield S. Slocum, Esq., who is now serving for the year 1890.

In the selection of tojiics for discussion, the aim has been to confine them to such as have a special relation to the interests of the Newton churches, and the club has been addressed very largely by individuals selected from its own membership ; although it has listened to others from abroad also, including Rev. Francis E. Clark, of the Christian Endeavor Societies; Rev. Reuen Thom.is, D.D., of Brookline ; Chas. W. Hill, Esq., of Roxbury ; Rev. E. B. Webb, D.D., of Wellesley ; Rev. David Gregg, D.D., and Rev. E. K. Alden, D.D., of Boston ; Rev. Alexander McKenzie, D.D., of Cambridge; Prof. J. M. English, D.D., of Newton Centre; Rev. A. E. Winship, of Somerville ; Rev. A. E. Dunning, D.D,, of Boston ; Rev. Arthur Little, D.D., of Dorchester; Rev. A. G. Lawson, D.D., of Boston.

The meetings have been held in the parlors and chapel of the Second Church, West Newton, which is well adapted, both by location and arrangement, for the purpose. Assembling at five o'clock, a social time in the parlors is enjoyed until supper is announced at six o'clock. This is spread in the chapel, after which, the tables having been cleared, the meeting is called to order about seven o'clock and the exercises for the evening taken up.

The meetings have been most enjoyable and profitable, a pleasant feature being the presence of a goodly number of guests to participate with the members in the privileges of the club.

The Newton Boat Club. - The Newton Boat Club was organized September 1, 1875. Its first boathouse was a cheap structure on the shore of Charles River, near the foot of Islington Street, Auburndale. The location was not favorable, especially for members living in other villages, but the club remained there, with varying fortune, holding several regattas, until it entered into new and much better quarters and a broader scale of existence, on the completion of its new club-house at Riverside in the summer of 188G. Here is a handsome and commodious building, with ample space for boats, bowling alleys, dancing hall, pool table, etc., inside, and tenuis courts in the spacious grounds outside, all within two minutes' walk of the Riverside Station on the Boston and Albany Railroad, from which frequent trains run over both sides of the "Circuit'' through the Newton villages to Boston. And so far as the opportunity for the pastime of boating is concerned, there is nothing better in the country. From this point to Waltham, two miles below, and to Newton Lower Fall.?, one mile above, the Charles winds through a succession of charming sylvan views, here and there varied by glimpses of cultivation and ornamental architecture. The large dam at Waltham makes the current very light, and the limpid waters are alive in the boating season with every variety of light craft, canoes, propelled by paddles, being the special favorites of the last two or three years. There are several hundred light and graceful boats owned and in constant use on this lovely stretch of water, and a good portion of those who propel them are young ladies.

Newton Boat-Club house and grounds, quite a valuable property, is owned by a separate corporation, the stockholders of which are friends and generally members of the club. The club leases the property, pays a rent equal to the interest of the money in the plant, and will gradually invest its surplus income in the stock until it shall acquire the whole. The club has an active membership of about 200. The annual assessment is $15. During the winter mouths the club-house is a favorite resort for bowling. The officers of the club for 1890 are: President, William S. Eaton, Jr.; Vice-President, Sydney Harwood; Treasurer, Charles W. Loring ; Secretary, Horatio Page; Captain, William A. Hall.

The WE.SLEYAN Home. - The Wesleyan Home was incorporated in 1883 and organized in December of that year. Its first money was the savings of a little girl in Taunton, Mass., who, in her fatal illness, expressed a desire to give all her money to a home for orphans. This contribution amounted to about twenty dollars. It has had larger gifts since, including a spacious and comfortable house on Wesley Street, Newton, from Hon. Alden Speare, and an endowment fund of $20,000 from Hon. Jacob Sleeper. The house furnishing was also provided by generous friends - Mrs. Charles W. Pierce, the family of Hon. Jacob Sleeper, and others. The institution was originally intended for orphan and destitute children. Later its scope was enlarged to embrace the care of children of Methodist missionaries working in foreign fields. The building affords accommodations for about twenty children. It is presided over by a matron, aided and advised by a board of managers, composed of twelve ladies who reside in the neighboring villages. Children are taken at the age of four years or over. They have home training and care, and attend the public schools. Those who can afford it pay from $100 to $150 a year. Others are taken free. Officers : President, Hon. Alden Speare; Vice-President?, Bishop R. S. Foster, Eev. J. B. Gould ; Secretary, J. R. Prescott ; Treasurer, E. W. Gay ; Matron, Miss A. Thompson.

The Newton Fanciers' Club. - In view of the fact that Newton had a large number of breeders of thoroughbred poultry, and quite an interest had been developed throughout the city in regard to the same, some of the most prominent breeders deemed it advisable to form an association of those interested, and a meeting of fanciers was called, which resulted in the formation of the Newton Fanciers' Club, December 22, 1888. The object of the club is to aid and encourage the breeding of thoroughbred poultry by holding exhibitions and furnishing such information as may be deemed expedient. The first exhibition given by the club was held in Armory Hall, Ward One, February 5, 6 and 7, 1889, and was one of the largest held in the East outside of Boston. Birds were shown from several of the New England States and from New York. Artificial incubation was carried on in the hall during the exhibition. The attendance was excellent, among the visitors beingsome of Newton's most prominent citizens. The following are the ofiicers of the club elected at the time of organization : President, W. R. Atherton ; Vice-presidents, John Lowell, Jr., F. A. Hondlette, E. T. Rice, C. B. Coffin ; Secretary, Geo. Linder, Jr.; Treasurer, W. W. Harrington.

QuiNOisEQUiN Association. - This association has a location at Newton Upper Falls. It was organized in 1868 and incorporated in 1872. It is a literary association, meeting once a month from October to Slay, inclusive. It has seventy-five members and a library of a miscellaneous character, numbering about 500 volumes. Its officers at the present time (1890) are as follows: President, Frank Fanning; Vicepresident, H. A. Smith; Secretary, W. F. Bird; Treasurer, John A. Gould, Jr.

GuandArmy of THE REPUBLIC. - Charles Ward Post, No. 62. - This post of the Grand Army was organized July 21, 1868. The ten charter members were Wm. B. Fowle, A. B. Underwood, Thos. P. Haviland, J. Gushing Edmands, Fred.S. Benson, Allston W. Whitney, Hosea Hyde, George S. Boyd, I. F. Kingsbury and Albert Plummer. Captain Wm. B. Fowle was the first commander. The post has been quite active since its formation. The total number of members borne on its rolls has been 334, and those now enrolled are about 150.

The post was named for Sergeant-major Charles Ward, of the Thirty-second Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers, who was wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863, and died there July 9lh, being only twenty-one years of age at the time of his death. His remains were brought home and deposited in the Newton Cemetery.

The amount expended for charity since the organization of the post has been $9,592.22. Amount expended from the post fund, $12,310.39. Total, $21,- 902.61.

The pre-!ent officers of the post are: Commander, Simuel S. Whitney ; Senior Vice-commander, Charles W. Sweetland ; Junior Vice-commander, Seth A. Ranlett ; Quartermaster, E. E. Stiles ; O. D., Samuel A. Langley ; Chaplain, S. E. Morse; Surgeon, J. L. Sears; O. G., Chas. A. Twitchell ; Adjutant, E. Gott; S. M., Benj. Hopkins; Q. M.S., Joseph Owens; Sentinel, Wm. J. Holmes.

Newton Centre Improvement Association. - The people resident in Newton Centre have for many years shown an active interest in the subject of village improvement, for as far back as 1852 there was formed the Newton Centre Tree Club, having for its object, as quoted from its constitution : " The ornamenting of roads, lanes and public places, by planting trees and shrubs, and preserving those already in existence, and the encouraging of land-holders to lay out their roads in manner according with the general convenience and taste." The main efforts of this society seemed to have been directed to planting trees, and in this work much good was accomplished ; but its life was short, covering only a period of about two and a half years.

Again in 1869 an executive committee of twentyfour was appointed in a mass-meeting, who should have "special charge of the local interests of the village, particularly iu regard to sewerage, gas, water, police, railroad facilities and the development of the natural advantages of the village." The records of this committee's work have been lost and we are not able to give in detail their labors, but one mo.st important object was attained at about thi? time, and presumably largely through their influence and with money raised by their efl'orts. When the Mason School was built the town owned scarcely any land on the east side, and the lower half of what is now known as the school-house lot was owned by private parties and covered with a tenement-house, blacksmith and wheelwright-shop. By private contribution this land was purchased for the town and is to-day one of the finest school-house lots in Massachusetts.

In the fall of 1870, mainly through the efforts of Mr. Edwin F. Waters, a public meeting was called looking towards the organization of a society which should take in hand those matters which are everybody's business and therefore nobody's business. The first meeting was held September 10, 1879, though the final organization was not effected and constitution adopted till March 22, 1880. The first officers were: President, Hon. John Lowell; Vice-Presidents, Edwin F. Waters, Wm. C. Strong ; Secretary, Lewis

F. C. Hyde, E. B. Bowen, Rev. A. E. Lawrence, D. B. Clafiin. Hon. John Lowell held the office of president for two years, and in 1882 Rev. Amos E. Lawrence was elected to the office and re-elected the following year. In the yea^-s 1884, 1885, 1886 and 1887, Mr. William B. Young most efficiently guided the Association as its leader, and for the two years 1888 and 1889, Mr. Dwight Chester held the highest official position. At the annual meeting in April, 1890, Mr. J. R. Leeson was elected president for the ensuing year.

The work of the Association has been much varied. It has worked in harmony with the city officials, often leading in an improvement which would not be begun by the city, and always aiding in every public improvement.

Trees have been planted every year, and in variety, so that there is hardly a street in the village which has not its one or both sidewalks lined with trees, all vacant places having been filled by the Association.

The common, extending from the junction of Cypress and Centre Streets, north to Lyman Street, covering three large pieces of ground, has been graded, grassed and planted with trees and shrubs, and ornamented with flower-beds. All triangular pieces of ground at the junctions of streets have been reclaimed and are now kept as lawns. In one or two instances land has even been purchased and improved at street junctions, and the entire bank of the Sudbury River Conduit from Centre to SummerStreet has been made a beautiful grassy slope from a rough and unsightly bank of earth. The Association was instrumental in securing and contributed towards the improvement on the lake front at Lake Avenue.

A feature of its labors has been provision for the public entertainment during the winter, and it has been a rallying centre around which all citizens have gathered without distinction of clique or sect, thus assisting largely towards that fraternity of spirit characteristic of the village.

The celebration of the 4th of July has for a number of years been undertaken through a special committee, funds being raised by subscription for the purpose. It is not an incorporated body and for its funds has been dependent on the annual membership fee of $1 per member and such profits as have been derived from entertainments under its care. It has never been in debt ; it has raised and expended over $4400 and through its efforts the city has expended about the same amount in this ward on public improvements, besides much money that has been contributed and spent through its efforts, not passing through its hands.

The village long needed a public hall, and through discussion at the annual meeting in 1886 steps were taken by many of the citizens which resulted in the purchase of the old Baptist meeting-house by a corporation called the Newton Centre Associates, who removed the building to land which they had purchased, refitted it for its present use and established in the vestry a free public reading-room which is suppoited in part by the Associates and by the city.

At the annual meeting in 1881 a committee was appointed to see what could be done towards furnishing the boys with a play-ground, for the play-ground which had been on the Common for years could no longer be used for that purpose. From time to time various reports and suggestions were made and temporary grounds provided, and at the annual meeting in 1888 the following gentlemen were appointed a committee to provide a permanent play-ground: - Messrs. Hon. Robert R. Bishop, Alden Speare, Mellen Bray, Edward H. Mason, Daniel B. Clafiin, Arthur C. Walworth, J. R. Leeson.

The committee have carried their labors over two years, devoting, for a good portion of the time, one evening each week to the purpose, and contributing of their energy, business foresight, tact and money. The result is the purchase of a tract of land from Centre to Pleasant Streets, extending also north to Homer Street, containing about twenty acres, bought from seven individuals, costing over .$25,000. The city of Newton gave $10,000, and the balance, over $15,000, was contributed by the residents of Newton Centre. The Improvement Association gave $1400 from its funds. It is the plan to lay out this land with ample play -ground facilities for boys and girls, and the remainder for ornamental park purposes, Hon. J. F. C. Hyde and Mr. J. R. Leeson having offered to contribute an extensive herbarium.

The re-location of Union Street, just accomplished, and a new station on the Boston and Albany Railroad are results of the efforts of a special committee appointed by the Association for the purpose.

All these things show what has been and may be attained as the result of co-operation, and as year by year passes, the power of the Newton Centre Improvement Association for all that tends to the public welfare increases, and the fact that it endorses any

Newton Peohibition League. - The League has had an informal existence since the summer of 1887, but on the evening of February 11, 1888, at a meeting held in the Police Court-room, West Newton, a conatilution and by-laws was adopted, and the followingnamed persons were chosen officers for the ensuing year: - President, Myron L. Henry; Secretary, G. Lyman Snow; Treasurer, David B. Fitts; Executive Committee, Edwin F. Kimball, Henry A. Inman and the officers of the League. The mottoes of the League, adopted at that meeting, were : " Educate, agitate, legislate." Terms to the Liquor Traffic : - " Unconditional surrender: we propose to move immediately upon your works."

The following have been some of the most prominent and active members of the League: Hon. Kobert C. Pitman and William H. Partridge, of Newton ; Prof. Edwin F. Kimball, Dr. Levy Parker, Henry A. Inman and N. C. Pike, of West Newton ; James M. Gordon, Rev. W. R. Newhall, Myron L. Henry, Frank F. Davidson, of Auburndale; Rev. W. H. Cobb, James Cutler and Ruel W. Waters, of Newton Centre.

The League has been instrumental in largely increasing the interest in prohibition in Newton by holding numerous public meetings, bringing into the city such speakers as the Hun. John P. St. John, Mrs. Mary Livermore, Volney B. Cashing, Rev. Thomas Dixon, Jr., Hon. W. H. Earl, Rev. Dr. Gordon, Rev. O. P. Gifford and Rev. Dr. Miner. Judge Pitman, of Newton, has been among the most logical and convincing of the speakers. The increased interest has been shown in the enlarged vote from 52, the largest vote previously recorded for a Presidential candidate, to 212 votes cast for Gen. Clinton B. Fiskeatthe last election.

The Every Saturday Club. - The Every Saturday Club, of Newtonville, was organized in 1870. Its officers are a president, vice-president, secretary and treasurer, and au executive committee. For entertaiumeuts a special committee is appointed. Its membership is strictly limited to forty ladies and gentlemen. Among the members are clergymen, lawyers, private and public school teachers, the secretary of the State Board of Education, publishers and business men. The meetings have been held of late years every other Saturday night, in private parlors, from October to May. Its main object has been literary work, and every member, both ladies and gentlemen, is expected to contribute a paper each season. These papers are read or talked by the writers, and afterwards discussed. English literature, from Chaucer down, has been considered ; also, in connection with the special author, the history of the times. Shakespeare has been studied for several years. One year Hawthorne and Art alternated. "Representative Americans" occupied one season;

"Fireside Travel" another. Last season thirteen representative novels were reviewed and discussed. Next year "Mediaeval History," "Greek Literature" and "Topics of the Day " will form the programme. A large siereopticon is owned by the club, and has added much to the interest of many meetings.

The social features have been varied and successful. Club suppers, dinners, Dickens parties, a district school, costume parties, the Peak Sisters, and other social entertainments have been given. To these many friends of the club have been invited. Harmony has always prevailed in this organization, and one might travel far to find a club which has sustained for twenty years as well its work, membership and individual character.

Masonic. - Dalhousic Lodge. - Chartered June 24, 1861. Its regular meetings are on the second Wednesday of each month, at Masonic Hall, Newtonville. Annual meeting in June. Officers for 1890 : John W. Fisher, Master ; George P.Whitmore, Senior Warden ; Robert Bennett, Junior Warden ; Edwin W. Gay, Treasurer; E. E. Morgan, Secretary ; G. W. Blodgetc, Chaplain ; Elliott J. Hyde, Marshal ; George A. Gleason. Senior Deacon ; C. W. Brown, Junior Deacon; C. A. Kellogg, Senior Steward ; A. F. Winslow, Junior Steward; H. E. Boothby, Inside Sentinel; George H. Brown, Organist; Alex. Chisholm, Tyler.

Newton Royal Arch Chapier. - Chartered June 17, 1870. Regular meetings second Monday of each month, at Masonic Hall, Newtonville. Officers for 1890: Dr. Wm. O. Hunt, E. H. P.; H. A. Thorndike, E. King; George Breeden, E. Scribe ; G.D.Gilman, Chaplain ; D. E. Binuey, Treasurer ; S. F. Chase, Secretary; A. L. Harvard, P. S. ; G. A. Gleason,R. A. C. ; Jas. Pickens, M. of 3rd V. ; C. F. Mason, M. of 2ud V. ; John Glover, M. of Ist V. ; G. H. Brown, Organist; Alex. Chisholm, Tyler.

Union Masonic Relief Association of Massachiisells. - This association is located at Newtonville. It has paid out in benefits since its organization $85,848. Its membership now numbers about 500. Officers for 1890 : President, Luther E. Leland, Newton Lower Falls; Vice-President, Jesse H. Walker, Newtonville ; Clerk, Joseph W. Grigg, Newtonville ; Treasurer, Robert L. Davis, Watertown.

Independent Or.DER OF Odd Fellows - Waban Lodge, No. 156. - Instituted April 19, 1871. Meets every Thursday at Cole's Hall, Newton. Officers for 1890 : N. G., Geo. A. Fewker ; V. G., M. C. Rich ; R. Sec'y, R. A. Oldreive ; P. Sec'y, Geo. H. Manley ;

Echo Bridge Council, No. 843. - Instituted June, 1884. Meetings first and third Wednesdays in each month at Quinobequin Hall, Newton Upper Falls.

United Order of the Golden Cross. - Crescent Commandery, No. 86. - Instituted January, 1880. Meets firi-t and third Mondays of each month at Knights of Honor Hall, West Newton.

Order of the Iros Hall - Branch No. 39?. - Organized September 28, 1886. Meets first and third Tuesdays in each month at Cole's Hall, Newton.

Royal Society of Good Fellows - Neuton Assembly, No. 39. - Organized October 27, 1886. Meetings held first Wednesday evening of each month in Knights of Honor Hall,<. West Newton.

Knights of Honor - jE'/w/ Lodge, iVo.638. - Instituted June 1, 1877. Meets first and third Mondays of each month, at Masonic Hall, Newtonville.

Crystal Lake Lodge, No. 2235. - Im-tituted 1880. Meets first and third Mondays in each month, in hall corner Lincoln and Walnut Streets, Newton Highlands.

American Legion of Honor. - Newton Council, No. 859, was instituted in 1882. It meets on the second and fourth Tuesday evenings of each month, at Knights of Honor Hall, West Newton.

Ancient Order United Workjien. - A'eic^ora Lodge, No. 21, was organized May 9, 1884. It meets on the second and fourth Wednesdays of each month at Cole's Hall, Newton.

Massachusetts Catholic Order of Foresters. - St. Bernard Court, No. 44, was instituted in 1882. It meets on the first and third Mondays of each month, at Foresters' Hall, West Newton. Annual meeting in December.

United Order of Pilgrim Fathers - Nonantum Colony, No. 77. - Instituted December 15, 1886. Meetings second and fourth Mondaj's of each month, at Cole's Hall, Newton.

Women's Christian Temperance Union. - Organized in September, 1878. Meetings held last Saturday of each month, in the Congregational chapel, Auburndale. President, Miss E. P. Gordon ; secretary, Miss E. M. Strong.

Improved Order of Red MEN^iVbramfiejra Tribe, No. 76. - Meets in Cole's Hall, Newton, first and third Tuesdays of each moon. Sachem, W. S. Slocum.

Chapter Ix By Arthur C. Walworth

The military history of a Massachusetts town subsequent to 1860 necessarily has two parts, one relating to the action of the authorities and people at home, the other to the experiences and exploits of the volunteers in the field. In the case of Newton we will first relate the events that took place in the town - for it was not then a city - at the beginning of the war and during its prosecution.

At the time in question there was no militia company in Newton, nor had there been any fur many years, owing, perhaps, to the isolation of the separate villages and the absence of a centre of more dense population ; but the citizens were no more lacking in military spirit than those of the cities and towns around them. Many of them were members of military companies in Boston, such as the " Cadets," the " Lancers," and the " Fusiliers," and it was the training received in this way that enabled Gen. Edmands and Gen. Underwood to render such effective service and obtain such rapid promotion.

The firing on Fort Sumter produced the same explosion of patriotism here as everywhere throughout New England, and party ties were forgotten in the common indignation against the South Carolina rebellion and the attack upon our flag.

Moved by the spirit of patriotism, the selectmen issued their warrant for a town-meeting for the 29th of April, 1861, to see, as the warrant read, if the town would appropriate money and make other provision for the relief of families of volunteers, and if money should be expended for the purchase of uniforms and equipments for such companies as might be formed in the town.

James F. C. Hyde, afterwarfls first mayor of the city, was moderator of this meeting, and patriotic speeches were made by Hon. David H. Mason, ex- Congressman J. Wiley Edmands, Andrew H. Ward, Jr., and others, the last-named being a very prominent Democrat, whose remarks were significant of the loyalty of all parties to the old flag. Appropriate resolutions were passed, ending with the sentiment "The cause of this Union is our cause, and to its support, with a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence, we pledge our lives, our fortunes and our sacred honor."

And they not only made pledges, but they appropriated $20,000 and appointed a committee to obtain arms, uniforms and underclothes for such company or companies as should be formed. A paper was read, which had been received from representative ladies of the several village", in which the women of the town volunteered to make up all the undergarments necessary for the outfit of a military company. The selectmen were also given authority to pay, if advisable, S20 per month extra to volunteers in addition to the government pay.

A company was soon enrolled, organized and drilled, but the Government, accepting Mr. Seward's view of the short time necessary to crush the Rebellion, would not accept any more trooi)S, although repeated efl'orts were made to have the company mustered in, and on June 11, 1861 the selectmen reported to that efl'ect, and that they had expended about $12,000, and asked for instruc'ions. The time and money, however, that was expended on this company was not misspent, for in it many young men learned their first lesson in military duty, and afterwards enlisted in other companies, where they were able to take a higher rank and be of more service than would have been the case otherwise. Tiie fact that has been stated, that no military company was maintained in Newton before the war, placed the young men under a disadvantage in respect to military training that was partially remedied by this drill company. Others of the young men joined Colonel Salinac's battalion or the Massachusetts Rifle Club, of Boston, in which good military instruction could be obtained.

In the record of every town-meeting we find the patriotism of the citizens exercised in a watchful care over the volunteers in the field and their families at home. In 1862 the Government began to make calls for more troops, and the town fathers were prompt and active in filling the quotas asked for. Thus on November 4, 1862, 140,000 was appropriated to pay. bounties and expenses of holding meetings for recruiting, $2000 for burying soldiers who died in the service, $3000 for relieving the extraordinary necessities of residents of the town serving in the army, $2000 for the relief of discharged and returned soldiers, $2000 for the recovery and burial of deceased soldiers, and $1000 for the support of the families of men serving in the navy.

In 18G2 Newton first realized the horrors of the war in the death of William R. Benson, of Company I, First Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers, who was killed at Williamsburg, Va., on May 5th, ofthat year. His body was brought from the field of battle and buried with all the military honors in the Newton Cemetery. A military escort, headed by a band playing dirges, marched from Newton Corner to the cemetery, bearing its sad burden through crowds of sympathizing people, who, by this object-lesson, began to learn than patriotism meant something more than orations and enthusiasm.

During the summer of 1862 two companies were raised in Newton, one for three years' service - which became Company K, Thirty-second Regiment - and one for nine montlis, Company B, Forty-fourth Regiment. The recruiting of these companies was chiefly in charge of James F. C. Hyde, Thomas Rice, David H. Mason and J. Wiley Edmands, they being, perhaps, the four leading citizens of the town.

Rallies were held in each village, with music and speeches, and one hundred and one names were soon placed on the rolls of Company K, which was recruited especially by E. S. Farnsworth, of Newton ville, afterwards captain and brevet-major, but then taking the position of orderly sergeant.

Partly in consideration of the services of his father, J. Gushing Edmands was chosen captain, he afterwards rising to the command of the regiment, and Ambrose Bancroft and John F. Boyd, lieutenants. M.ijor Farnsworth's name was the first on the roll, Boyd's second, John Doherty third, and the fourth recruit was a Universalist minister. Rev. W. L. Gilman, who was made a corporal and recwived his death-wound at

Gettysburg. The recruits reported at the Lynnfield camp, and went to the front August 20, 1862, where those who were not disabled served through the war in the Fifth Corps of the Army of the Potomac, Griffin's Brigade.

On August 4, 1862, President Lincoln issued a call for 300,000 men to serve nine months, 19,000 of whom were to be furnished by Massachusetts, with authorily to raise them by draft ; but Governor Andrew was confident that they could be raised by voluntary enlistment, and the event proved that he was right.

On the morning of August 5th a number of young men decided that the time had arrived for them to enter the military service of their county. Among them were John M. Griswold and John A. Kenrick, who were among the first to enroll their names and to undertake the recruiting of the company. The first meeting was held at the town-hall, West Newton, the second at the hall at Newton Corner, which was the old church altered over, standing where Eliot Hall now stands. The full number of men was soon raised and the recruits began their array life at Readville, as Company B, Forty-fourth Regiment, under John M. Griswold, captain, and Frank H. Forbes and John A. Kenrick, lieutenants. The regiment left for the front October 23, 1862, or about two months after the three-years' company of the Thirtysecond.

The nest important event in the home history of the war was the erection and dedication of the soldiers' monument. The movement for the construction of this memorial, the first raised in New England, was initiated soon after the return of Company B, of the Forty-fourth, and on August 7, 1863, a committee of nine prominent citizens was chosen at a public meeting and empowered to erect a suitable monument. This took the shape of an obelisk of Quincy granite, resting on a die and plinth of the same material, with an entablature at the base of the mound surmounted by a cannon and bearing the names of fifty-nine heroes of Newton who laid down their lives on the altar of their country. The monument was dedicated on July 23, 1864, with appropriate and solemn ceremonies in the open air, in the presence of a large audience; the addresses and poems delivered on this occasion were preserved in a pamphlet printed by the town.

On these tablets will be preserved the names of those who gave their lives for their country, but reccords can never show nor history relate the efforts and sufferings and bereavement of those at home as well as those in the army ; the sacrifices and anxiety of the mothers and the young wives, who scanned the list of the killed and wounded after every battle, thinking that they might read there the name of him who was dearest of all on earth to them. One day, not long after the battle of Gettysburg, in one of the churches four biers were placed side by side, bearing the remains of four young soldiers of Newton, the important questions of the day. He was one of the first to form a temperance society in Newton, which did a good work. He was an anti-slavery man from the time Garrison was mobbed. He lectured in Newton and Dedham on medical and otlier subjects. So able a man was he considered, he was invited to edit an anii-slavery paper ; but that he felt obliged to decline, as he could not spare the time from his professional work, and Mr. Edmund Qiinsy was selected in his place.

He w.as interested in education, and served on the School Committee in Newton for some time. He was one of the directors of the Savings Bank in Dedham, and held other offices. He died at the age of fortytwo, as his widow writes, "just as he began to reap." He was a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society.

Stephen Hodgman Spalding, son of Joseph Spalding, was born in Chelms-ford, Mass., August 4, 1787. He died in South Natick, July, 1866. He commenced his medical studies under the tuition of a Dr. Wyman, at that time a practicing physician in Chelmsford. He attended two courses of lectures in Boston, and graduated after studying three years at the Harvard Medical School.

He commenced practice in Littleton, Mass., remained a few years, then removed to Dublin, New Hampshire, where he secured an excellent and lucrative practice. After a few years he found that the severity of the winters, and the almost impassable state of the roads - being obliged to travel with snowsLoes without any regard to boundary lines or fences - was- telling upon his health, and this decided him to accept an invitation to settle in South Natick, Mass., where again he succeeded in building up an extensive practice.

In about 184L he removed to Newton Upper Falls, and associated himself with his son-in-law. Dr. Samuel S. Whitney, who had married his only child, Sarah W. Spalding, in general practice. In 1843 his house and stable were burned. He then settled in Reading, Mass., and continued in practice there for several years. Later in life, after an active practice of thirty years, he retired, and removing back to South Natick, made that his home till he died. In his last years he w.as a great sufferer from disease. He was a member of the Unitarian Church and Parish of South Natick, and the large number at his funeral attested the respect and esteem of his towns-people.

Samuel Stillman Whitney, M.D., son of George Whitney, was born at Natick, Mas«., January 6, 1815. He died June 30, 1855, leaving a wife and several children, one of whom, Stillman Spalding Whitney, born August 11, 1849, became a physican and died at Allston, Mass., November 7, 1886.

Dr. Whitney fitted for college at Leicester, Mass., and entered Harvard College at the age of fourteen. After remaining a year at Cambridge, he removed to Amherst, Mass., to complete his collegiate course in

Amherst College. Toward the close of it, however, a long sickness having intervened to prevent liia gradual ng with his class, he decided not to take a degree.

Soon after he entered the office of Dr. S. H. Spalding, then practicing in Natick, Mass. The next year he entered the office of Dr. John D. Fisher, of Boston, and continued his medical studies there. The last six months of his studentship he passed in the City Institutions at South Boston. He graduated at Harvard Medical College in 1838. Immediately after the death of Dr. Alfred Hosmer, at Newton Upper Falls, he settled in that place, and, from his ene.'gy and superior ability, rapidly won the esteem and confidence of the community, and a large and widely-extended practice. Within a year of his settlement there, he married Misi Sarah W. Spalding, only child of his first teacher in the study of medicine.

Dr. Whitney remained at Newton Upper Falls six years, and then removed to Dedham, Mass., in 1844, having been invited to go there by the citizens of the town. He was an early and enthusiastic follower of Laennec, and in the early years of his practice he wrote a paper on " Auscultation and Percussion," which was printed in the American Journal of the Medical Sciences. It was considered of so much value, it was reprinted in the British Medical Journal.

He was one of the first operators in this country for strabismus. He successfully attempted staphylorraphy. He performed this operation successfully many times; once on a gentleman from Canada, who had been operated upon unsuccessfully by the celebrated Diffenback. He performed a series of operations for the surgical relief of epilepsy.

Before permanently locating in Dedham he went to Europe and spent a year in travel and study at the leading medical centres, especially following Laennec, Velpeau, Andral and Piorry. On leaving Paris, Piorry presented him with his own long-used plessimetre as a parting gift, of which he was always very proud, although in general practice he much preferred his own phalangeal bones. His delicacy, quickness and acuteness of ear rendered him very expert in his favorite field of auscultation and percussion.

He was a skillful surgeon, successful in all the larger operations and especially in arts of modern surgery for the cure of congenital or accidental deformities.

In the autumn of 1818 he was attacked with diarrho3a - a sub-acute enteritis - from which and its effects he never fully recovered. He was sometimes relieved by a sea voyage or a short residence in a warmer climate. In 1853 he began to feel a numbness in his lower limbs, which increased till paralysis ensued. A few months later, with a medical attendant, he sailed for Havana. There, while standing on the capstan of the vessel, he was seized with paraplegia. He returned to New York, was placed on the

Fall River boat in a helpless condition, and, in the care of a son of Secretary William Seward, was conveyed to his home and died, peacefully and resigned at the age of forty years.

Many interesting anecdotes are related of Dr. Whitney, illustrating the precocity and wonderful mental powers that he possessed. It is related that before he was fifteen years old he taught school, and in the morning reading in the Bible he would follow the pupils 111 Hebrew and correct them when in error.

Samuel Warren, M.D., son of Nathan Warren, was born in Weston, Mass., April 23, 1802. His early education was obtained in Framingham, Mass., and at Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass., 1819 -22. He entered Yale College in 1822 and remained there for two years, then went to the Harvard ]\Iedical School and graduated in 1827. He was a deacon in the West Newton Congregational Church. He was a biblical student and some of his writings were published in the Bibliotheca Sacra.

Dr. Warren was interested in horticulture, and his botanical .studies took a wide range. At one time he was at the head of an academy in West Newton. For several years he practiced medicine in West Newton, where he held valuable real estate.

Dr. Warren was a modest man with a retiring disposition, without worldly ambition, but was greatly respected and beloved by his neighbors and townspeople. The estimation in which he was held was shown at his funeral, when the entire church was filled by those who wished by their presence to testify their appreciation of him.

He married Miss Ann Catherine Reed, of Charlestown, Massachusetts, August 25, 1829. He died October 25, 1867, leaving a widow and one son, Professor S. E. Warreu.

Alfred Hosmer, M.D., son of Jonas Hosmer, was born in Walpole, New Hampshire, November 7, 1802. He died at Newton Upper Falls, November 27, 1837, very suddenly, of disease of the heart, the result of rheumatism in early life. He was a brother of Hiram Hosmer, the well-known physician of Watertown. He married Miss Mary Ann Grahame, in December, 1831. At his decease he left a wife, two sons and one daughter, who died early in life. One of his sons. Dr. Alfred Hosmer, a prominent physician, is living in Watertown, Massachusetts.

His early education was obtained in Alstead, New Hampshire. He graduated at the Harvard Medical College in 1828. He located first in Marlboro', Massachusetts. In the autumn of 1829 he went to Newton Upper Falls, where he practiced till his death.

Dr. Hosmer seldom rode in a carriage, almost invariably on horseback. His horse was saddled and at the door when he dropped dead. He was a skillful physician and highly estemed, not only by the citizens of the town, but throughout a wide region.

He graduated at Harvard College in 1829. He was a member of Massachusetts Medical Society - at one time a councilor; Boston Society of Natural History, &c. Twice he visited Europe, and traveled quite extensively there.

He wrote the life of Dr. .John Collins Warren, which was published in 1859; and the life of Dr. John Warren, which was published in 1874. He commenced practice in Boston after his graduation, but soon removed to Newton, where he resided from 1840 to 1857.

He was eminent as a general practitioner and a skillful surgeon. As a diagnostician he was not excelled. The most obscure case seemed to open clearly before his acute investigation. His rapidity in arriving at a: correct diagnosis sometimes seemed like intuition, when, in fact, it was the result of clear insight and rapid generalizations. He suffered from an impediment of speech, which was aggravated by overfatigue from his practice.

He was an excellent physician, and called widely in consultation. He was greatly interested in horticulture and floriculture. He was also a devoted churchman, liberal in his gifts to the Episcopal Church at Newton's Lower Falls.

David H. Gregg, M.D., was a prominent physician in Newton, between 1820 and 1840. He took an active part in the temperance work of his day. He delivered an address upon the " Evils of Intemperance," before the Newton Temperance Society, July 4, 1828, in which he said, " To promote virtue and to prevent vice - to augment human happiness and to dry up the sources of human wretchedness and want and woe - are the ultimate ends for which this society now assembled has been instituted.''

Joel Brown, M.D., son of John Brown, was born in Bradford, N. H., October 22, 1812. He died in West Newton, Mass., March 19, 1805, leaving a widow, who still survives him. His youth was spent on a farm. He was educated at the academy in Hopkinton, the Kimball Union Academy, located at Meriden, N. H.; and entered Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H., from which he graduated in 1841. He taught school successfully in several towns and also in Boston previous to and after his graduation.

While in college he decided to make the practice of medicine his profession. He entered the Harvard Medical School and afterwards graduated from Dartmouth Medical College.

and, to save annoyance to either, he interpolated a middle-name - Henry - which he ever afterward used. He was a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society. He first settled in Weymouth, Mass., but removed to West Newton in January, 1848, where he resided till his death.

Dr. Brown was a broad and liberal-spirited man - and a reformer. He was an abolitionist of the Garrison stamp, save that he believed in voting. He was an earnest peace man on principle, and when, at college, it was attempted to force him to do military duty, he refused, saying they could fine him or put him in prison, but he would not act the soldier in preparations for war. Ho was full of humor and witty ; exceedingly dry in his jokes and witticisms, genial, pleasant and loving; true as steel to his friends, and just to all. la religious matters he was a liberal Congregationalist, and highly esteemed in the West Newton Congregational Church, as, in fact, he was by all who knew hira. He was one of the founders of" The West Newton Athena;um " in 1849. Truly, to hundreds of families he was " the beloved physician."

In the Congregationalist, March 24, 1865, the Rev. Dr. Tarbox pays the following tribute to his memory : " Dr. Brown was a most coble example of a Christian physician ; eminently skillful in his profession ; most winning in his manners ; always welcome in his visits to the sick-room; able and willing to give religious instruction and consolation. We speak the mind of the great body of the people in Newton and in the neighboring towns when we say that hardly a man in the town could have been called away whose death would have brought such a sense of personal loss and bereavement to so many individuals."

Dr. Hexry Bigelow, the son of Lewis Bigelow, was born in Worcester, Massachusetts, May 20, 1817. He was educated in his native town, was fitted in the public schools for Harvard College, which he entered at the age of fifteen years, graduating in the class of '8(). Though his own inclination at that time was to become a civil engineer, he yielded to the desire of his father, that he should enter the medical profession, for which after-events showed him to be so well filled. He entered the Harvard Medical School, graduating from there in 1839. He attended acourse of lectures in Philadelphia also, the medical school there standing very high at that time; he also studied with Dr. John Greene, of Worcester. He first settled as a practicing physician in Buxlou, Maine, in 1840. In the same year, August 2-5ih, be married Matilda A. Poole, of Boston, Mass., and one child, a daughter, was born during their stay in Buxton. He remained there four years, but he desired a larger field, with more means of advance, so with his family he moved to Boston in 1844, but remained there less than two years, then moved to Newton early in 1840, where he passed the remainder of his life. He died January 21, 186G, at the early age of forty-eight years, leaving a widow, two daughters and one son. In that comparatively short life mwch had been accomplished, not only in his profession, in which he held a high po-silion, as the records of the medical society would show (of which he was a member), as well as the testimony of all to whom he ministered, in whose hearts he held .so high a place as friend as well as physician. To him Newton owes mnch o-f its early prosperity. A small town when he settled there, its growth was rapid and vigorous. He bad shown his interest in education by taking a position on the School Board in Buxton, and in Newton he soob received a similar position, and held it during his life, being chairman of the School Committee for many years. In religion he was a strong and earnest Unitarian, one of the founders of the Channing Unitarian Society of Newton, one of the ten whose generosity and devotion enabled the society to build their first church. He remained on the Standing Committee of that church till bis death, and was also for many years superintendent of the Sunday-school. He never enteicd the arena of political life in an active way, but his interest was quick and strong in all matters of public importance, - his hand, his purse and his time ever ready to aid any just cause. In him the poor had a wise and helpful friend. Not only were his professional services often gratuitous, but sympathy and aid were ever generously bestowed. Many were the knotty questions and matters of disagreement which were brought to him for arbitration by those who bad perfect confidence in his wisdom and just discrimination. He was influential in- securing and laying out one of Newton's most altraetive spots, her beautiful cemetery, of which he was one of the trustees, and where nineteen years aftej his death was raised a most beautiful tribute to bis influence - a memorial chapel, testifying the grateful and lasting recollection of one who knew and honored him so truly

He held many minor ofliees of trust and responsibility, from time to time, a& he always had the power to fill them satisfactorily, ihough the constantly increasing calls of his profession during the later years of bis life left him less and less time for other duties.

Fkiknd D. Loud, M.D., son of James Lord, was born in Limington, Me., Margh 3, 1S22, He died in Newton Lower Falls, December 8, 1883. His early education was obtained in Limington Academy, Me., and Wilbraham Academy, Mass. He was a teacher before and after his graduation.

He gradualeil from Bowdoin Medical College, and then studied in the hc«|iitals of New York and Philadelphia. He settled in Casco, Me., West Dedham. Sterling and Newton Lower Falls, Mass. January 29, 1856, he married Harriet H. Hill.

Levi Farr Warner, M.D., was born October 25, 1822, at Norwich, Chenango County, N. Y. He died in Boston, October 12, 1889. " He received his early education at the academy at Mexico, N. Y. He studied for his profession during 1842-43 at Geneva Medical College, and subsequently graduated, in 1862, | at Lind University, Chicago. He commenced practice at Vienna, Oneida County, N. Y., and removed thence to St. Louis, where, during the war, he was assistant medical examiner for the First District of Missouri. He then removed to Boston, Mass., and was admitted a Fellow of the Jlassachusetts Medical Society.

"He was one of the founders of the Gynascological Society of Boston, and soon became recognized as of special skill in diagnosis and treatment of diseases of women.

"He conducted successfully a large practice until his death, which was from cerebral hemorrhagic effusion, the result of an accident." He was a member of many scientific societies in which he was an able and active man, and at one time held the office of vice-president of the American Medical Association. He was too busy a man to write much for publication, but one of his articles, a paper, " On the Connection of the Hepatic Functions with Uterine Hyperemias, Fluxions, Congestions and Inflammations,'' in the Transactions of the American Medical Association for 1878, vol. xxix., exerted a distinct influence towards obtaining in New England a wider respect by general practitioners for the specialty of gyntccology, then still upon its trial, and at the same time served to curb the somewhat inordinate zeal of a portion of its younger enthusiasts.

He was, for many years, associated with Dr. Horatio E.. Storer in his practice at Hotel Pelham, Boston. As a physician he was able, skillful and untiring in his efforts to relieve and cure his patients, readily obtaining and continuing to hold their confidence, respect and friendship. When patients did not progress as satisfactorily as he desired or expected, he was not easily discouraged, so wonderful were his resources. In fact, he never seemed at fault.

His father, the Eev. H. Warner, was of Scotch descent, and the doctor was well grounded in the Presbyterian doctrines and thoroughly conversant with the Scriptures. As a friend he was true as steel ; honorable, upright in his dealings with all and ever the friend of the poor, whom he preferred for his patients, for there he found the most gratitude.

A little volume "In memoriam " was published after his death, containing the funeral services ; a memorial tribute to him, read by Dr. H. M. Field, of Newton, Mass., before the Gynecological Society of Boston, followed by loyal and loving words from other members of the society ; and letters from many persons, including prominent medical men in various parts of the country, testifying to his worth, his skill, his noble Christian manhood and his charities - so freely given to the poor.

Rarely has a physician been called from his lifework to cross the river to the " Home Beyond the Tide," leaving so many sorrowing and living friends to mourn their loss.

Thadeus Pulaski Robinson, M.D., son of Noah Robinson, was born in Laconia, N. H., Sept. 5, 1825, and died January 5, 1874, in Newton Centre, Mass., leaving a wife and daughter.

He fitted for college at the Lowell (Mass.) High School and New Hampton (N. H.) Academy, and entered Dartmouth College with the class which was graduated in 1848. He left college before graduation and entered the employmentof the Essex Manufacturing Company, in Lawrence, Mass., as a civil engineer. In 1849 he went to California. While there he was commissioned engineer-in-chief to establish the boundary of the northern part of the State. He returned to Massachusetts in 1857, and began the study of medicine at the Harvard Medical School, and graduated in 1860.

He settled at Newton Centre, Mass., April, 1860. He was admitted a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society in 1862. He was a Mason, and a member of Dalhousie Lodge, Nsvvtonville. June 6, 1860, he married Fanny Rebecca Smith.

Dr. Allston Waldo Whitney, son of Simon and Mary (Walker) Whitney, was born at Framingham, Mass., January 12, 1828. He attended the Fraraingham and Leicester Academies until July 1, 1846, when he entered the United States Military Academy, West Point. On the 1st of July, 1848, he resigned and began the study of medicine with his father, a. much-beloved and respected physician, with whom he continued until he entered the Harvard Medical School, where he graduated in 1852. Upon receiving his degree, he settled at South Framingham, and remained there until the breaking out of the Rebellion. It was while at this place that he first maniftsted those abilities as a physician and surgeon which afterwards made him so well known.

In July, 1861, he joined the Thirteenth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers, at Fort Independence, Boston Harbor, and was mustered into service as its surgeon July 16, 1861, continuing as such until his muster out with the regiment , August ] , 1864. During his .service he was atone time assigned to duty as medical director of the Second Division, First Army Corps, and as brigade surgeon. He was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for gallant conduct and great humanity to the wounded.

August 24, 1864, he was married to Miss Sarah Eilen Bishop, of Boston, and settled in that city at the corner of Washington and Dedham Streets. In March, 1865, he removed to West Newton, and there resided until his death. He was the father of four children, two of whom, Charles Simon and Mary Ellen, are now living.

February he went to the Massachusetts General Hospital for treatment, remained two or three weeks and then returned to his home. After several weeks of rest and good nursing he resumed his professional duties, apparently in much better health than for some months previous. On the evening of November 8th, while preparing a description of the wound which caused the death of President Garfield, which he was to read and illustrate to the school children of West Newton, he reached for some object needed, and, upon resuming his seat, complained of violent pain in bis side. He grew worse rapidly, and at three o'clock Friday morning, the 11th of November, he died of angina pectoris.

He was a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, the Masonic Fraternity, the Royal Arcanum, the Knights of Honor, Military Order of the Loyal Legion, Post C2, G. A. R., Boston Light Infantry Association, and the Tbreottyne Club.

On the 30th of April, 186-3, Dr. Whitney was put in charge of the hospital at the Fitz Hugh House, on the Rappahanock River, and on the 10th of May the army moved northward, the wounded being sent to Washington as fast as they could be removed with safety. On the 15th of June the hospital was captured by the rebels, and about forty men, al! badly wounded or very sick, and the nurses and guard, numbering about twenty, were made prisoners. Dr. Whitney had remained with the wounded men, and protested against their capture and removal in such strong terms that he was also made prisoner. All were taken in freight cars and army wagons to Libby Prison. During the trip he was unceasing in his efforts to alleviate the sufferings of the wounded men, and at Libby Prison he was active in their welfare. He made the acquaintance of the officers, and so gained their good-will by that charm of manner which was almost irresistible, that be was allowed to visit his men, and his efforts hastened their exchange by many months ; for, until he represented the truth, the authorities of the prison insisted upon it that they were Union officers in disguise. He was kept a prisoner for about six months, before the expiration of which time almost all, his men had been exchanged.

In appearance Dr. Whitney was a noticeable man, about five feet six inches in height, quite corpulent, and very dignified iu his bearing. He had dark hair, very heavy eyebrows, clear and keen blue eyes, and wore a gray moustache somewhat extended on either cheek. His life was one of rare usefulness. His kind and sympathetic nature made him beloved by rich and poor, and his skill in the practice of medicine and surgery was of the highest order and received recognition as such by the best men in his profession. In battle he was calm, undisturbed by the exci ement and dangers about him, saw clearly his duties, and steadily pursued them with a coolness, fearlessness and persistency that commanded the admiration of all.

" Joseph Huckins Warken, M. D.,8on of Joseph and Caroline E. (Huckins) Warren, was born in Effiugham, Carroll County, N. H., October 2, 1S31. His father was the seventh son of James Warren, of Scarboro', Me., and grandson of John Warren, of French and Indian war notoriety. This is the historic war family of Revolutionary fame. His maternal ancesters were in the line of descent from the Duchess of Marlboro'. His maternal grandfather, Joseph Huckins, was a verj- prominent miin ; he was high sheriff of New Hampshire and grand master of F. and A. M. in New England, holding the jewels and archives of the Order when the Morgan excitement, against Masonry was so bitter."

At sixteen years of age he entered West Lebanon Academy, Me. He commenced the study of medicine at the medical school, Castleton', Vt., in 1849, and afterwards attended lectures at the Harvard Medical School. He graduated from the Medical School, Bowdoin College, Me., in 1853. He went to New York and took a special cour.seof study with Dr. Valentine Mott, then returned to Massachusetts, joined the Massachusetts Medical Society, and begau the practice of medicine in Newton, Mass. Here he practiced three years, during which titoe he was a member of the School Board and held other offices of trust and honor. From overwork his health broke down, and he removed to Dorchester, Mass.

At the breaking out of the Rebellion, Dr. Warren was among the first to volunteer, and was in Baltimore with the Ma.ssachu.setts troops when the first volunteers were mobbed in the streets of that city He was particularly recommended to President Lincoln, by Hon. Henry Wilson, as a most loyal and trustworthy person and skillful surgeon. He was commissioned, by President Lincoln, medical director and brigade surgeon in General Casey's division. He labored zealously to alleviate the sufferings of the soldiers and partly through his influence barrack hospitals were erected for the sick and wounded. He saw active service before Yorktown, and being disabled while bearing special dispatches to Washington, was obliged to resign.